职称英语考试精选试题及答案(2015年理工类)

2015年职称英语理工类B级考试真题第一部分：词汇选项1.The organization was bold enough to face the press.A.pleasedB.powerfulC.braveD.sensible参考答案：C2.I will not tolerate that sort of behavior in my class.A.acceptB.controlC.observeD.regulate参考答案：A3.I realized to my horror that I had forgotten the present.A.limitB.fearC.powerD.fool参考答案：B4.Most people find rejection hard to accept.A.excuseB.clientC.destinyD.refusal参考答案：D5.She's extremely competent and industrious.A.hardworkingB.honestC.objectiveD.independent参考答案：A6.The doctors did not reveal the truth to him.A.hideB.handleC.discloseD.establish参考答案：C7.He tried to assemble his thoughts.A.clearB.shareC.gatherD.spare参考答案：C8.The law carries a penalty of up to three years in prison.A.messageB.punishmentC.guiltD.obligation参考答案：B9.Prisoners were kept in the most appalling conditions.A.flexibleB.terribleC.reasonableD.serious参考答案：B10.These products are inferior to those we brought last year.A.poorer thanB.narrower thanrger thanD.richer than参考答案：A11.The political situation in the region has deteriorated rapidly.A.improvedB.changedC.worsenedD.developed参考答案：C12.There was a simultaneous trial taking place in the next building.A.coexistingB.fairC.fullD.pubic参考答案：A13.They're petitioning for better facilities for the disabled on public transport.A.requestingB.planningC.preparingD.looking参考答案：A14.He said some harsh words about his brother.A.unkindB.properC.normalD.unclear参考答案：A15.We were attracted by the lure of quick money.A.amountB.supplyC.sumD.temp参考答案：D第二部分：阅读判断下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子作出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A;如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B;如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C.(第16—22题，每题1分，共7分)ADHD Linked to Air PollutantsChildren have an increased of attention problems,seen as early as grade school.If their noses inhaled(吸入)a certain type of air pollution when they were pregnant.That's the finding of a new study.Released when things aren't burned completely,this pollution is known as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons,or PAHs.The biggest sources of these PAHs：the burning of fossil fuels,wood and trash.Frederica Perera works at Columbia University's Mailman School of Public Health is New York City.She researches how exposure to things in the environment affects children's health in a new study,she and her team studied the exposure to air pollution of 233 nonsmoking pregnant women in New York City.Because burning tobacco can spew(排放)PAHs into the air and lungs,Perera's team focused on nonsmokers.The researchers wanted to probe(探查)other sources of PAHs,ones that's would have been hard for an individual to avoid.The team started by testing the blood of each woman during pregnancy.The reason Any PAHs in a woman's blood would also be available to the baby in her womb.Nine years later,the researchers investigated signs of attention problems in those children,now age 9.They asked each child's mother a series of questions.These included whatever her child had problems doing things that needed sustained(长期的)mental effort,such as homework or games with friends.The scientists also asked if the kids had trouble following instructions or made frequent,careless mistakes.All of these can be symptoms of a disorder called Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder,or ADHD.About one in U.S.children has ADHD.Among the women studied,traffic and home heating were the primary sources of air pollution exposure,Perera and her team suspect.Some of these women had low levels of PAHs in their blood.Ohters had high levels.Those with high levels were five times as likely to have children who showed attention problems by age 9.The new findings were published November 5 in the journal PLOS ONE.16.Perera and her team chose nonsmoking pregnant women all over America.A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned参考答案：B17.The main purpose of the research was to find out how exposure to PAHs played a role in harming the subjects'physical health.A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned参考答案：B18.Nonsmoking mothers were selected because the effect of smoking on PAHs was unclear.A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned参考答案：B19.The blood of each woman was tested once a month during pregnancy.A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned参考答案：C20.Kids with ADHD commonly fail in school.A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned参考答案：C21.The women with high levels of PAHs in their blood were more likely to have kids with ADHD.A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned参考答案：A22.Traffic and home heating were considered to be the biggest sources of PAHs for the subjects in the research.A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned参考答案：A第三部分：概括大意与完成句子下面的短文后有2项测试任务：(1)第23—26题要求从所给的6个选项中为指定段落每段选择1个标题;(2)第27—30题要求从所给的6个选项中为每个句子确定一个最佳选项。

2015年职称英语理工类B级考试真题第一部分：词汇选项1.The organization was bold enough to face the press.A.pleasedB.powerfulC.braveD.sensible参考答案：C2.I will not tolerate that sort of behavior in my class.A.acceptB.controlC.observeD.regulate参考答案：A3.I realized to my horror that I had forgotten the present.A.limitB.fearC.powerD.fool参考答案：B4.Most people find rejection hard to accept.A.excuseB.clientC.destinyD.refusal参考答案：D5.She's extremely competent and industrious.A.hardworkingB.honestC.objectiveD.independent参考答案：A6.The doctors did not reveal the truth to him.A.hideB.handleC.discloseD.establish参考答案：C7.He tried to assemble his thoughts.A.clearB.shareC.gatherD.spare参考答案：C8.The law carries a penalty of up to three years in prison.A.messageB.punishmentC.guiltD.obligation参考答案：B9.Prisoners were kept in the most appalling conditions.A.flexibleB.terribleC.reasonableD.serious参考答案：B10.These products are inferior to those we brought last year.A.poorer thanB.narrower thanrger thanD.richer than参考答案：A11.The political situation in the region has deteriorated rapidly.A.improvedB.changedC.worsenedD.developed参考答案：C12.There was a simultaneous trial taking place in the next building.A.coexistingB.fairC.fullD.pubic参考答案：A13.They're petitioning for better facilities for the disabled on public transport.A.requestingB.planningC.preparingD.looking参考答案：A14.He said some harsh words about his brother.A.unkindB.properC.normalD.unclear参考答案：A15.We were attracted by the lure of quick money.A.amountB.supplyC.sumD.temp参考答案：D第二部分：阅读判断下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子作出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A;如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B;如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C.(第16—22题，每题1分，共7分)ADHD Linked to Air PollutantsChildren have an increased of attention problems,seen as early as grade school.If their noses inhaled(吸入)a certain type of air pollution when they were pregnant.That's the finding of a new study.Released when things aren't burned completely,this pollution is known as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons,or PAHs.The biggest sources of these PAHs：the burning of fossil fuels,wood and trash.Frederica Perera works at Columbia University's Mailman School of Public Health is New York City.She researches how exposure to things in the environment affects children's health in a new study,she and her team studied the exposure to air pollution of 233 nonsmoking pregnant women in New York City.Because burning tobacco can spew(排放)PAHs into the air and lungs,Perera's team focusedon nonsmokers.The researchers wanted to probe(探查)other sources of PAHs,ones that's would have been hard for an individual to avoid.The team started by testing the blood of each woman during pregnancy.The reason Any PAHs in a woman's blood would also be available to the baby in her womb.Nine years later,the researchers investigated signs of attention problems in those children,now age 9.They asked each child's mother a series of questions.These included whatever her child had problems doing things that needed sustained(长期的)mental effort,such as homework or games with friends.The scientists also asked if the kids had trouble following instructions or made frequent,careless mistakes.All of these can be symptoms of a disorder called Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder,or ADHD.About one in U.S.children has ADHD.Among the women studied,traffic and home heating were the primary sources of air pollution exposure,Perera and her team suspect.Some of these women had low levels of PAHs in their blood.Ohters had high levels.Those with high levels were five times as likely to have children who showed attention problems by age 9.The new findings were published November 5 in the journal PLOS ONE.16.Perera and her team chose nonsmoking pregnant women all over America.A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned参考答案：B17.The main purpose of the research was to find out how exposure to PAHs played a role in harming the subjects'physical health.A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned参考答案：B18.Nonsmoking mothers were selected because the effect of smoking on PAHs was unclear.A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned参考答案：B19.The blood of each woman was tested once a month during pregnancy.A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned参考答案：C20.Kids with ADHD commonly fail in school.A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned参考答案：C21.The women with high levels of PAHs in their blood were more likely to have kids with ADHD.A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned参考答案：A22.Traffic and home heating were considered to be the biggest sources of PAHs for the subjects in the research.A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned参考答案：A第三部分：概括大意与完成句子下面的短文后有2项测试任务：(1)第23—26题要求从所给的6个选项中为指定段落每段选择1个标题;(2)第27—30题要求从所给的6个选项中为每个句子确定一个最佳选项。

第1部分：词汇选项(第1～15题，每题1分，共15分) 下⾯每个句⼦中均有1个词或短语划有底横线，请为每处划线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。

1. I will not tolerate that sort of behavior in my class.A. controlB. observeC. regulateD. accept 2. She showed a natural aptitude for the work.A. senseB. talentC. flavorD. taste 3. Most people find rejection hard to accept.A. excuseB. clientC. refusalD. destiny 4. The organization was bold enough to face the press.A. pleasedB. powerfulC. braveD. sensible 5. They were locked in mortal combat.A. deadlyB. openC. actualD. active 6. We were attracted by the lure of quick money.A. amountB. supplyC. temptD. sum 7. The procedures were perceived as complex and less transparent.A. clearB. necessaryC. specialD. correct 8. The Stock Exchange is in turmoil following a huge wave of selling.A. ServiceB. dangerC. disorderD. threat 9. He believes that Europe must change or it will perish.A. surviveB. lastC. dieD. move 10. There was a simultaneous trial taking place in the next build.A. fairB. full C .coexisting D. public 11. They promote assimilation of ethnic groups into the main-stream culture.A. policyB. value C .equality D. integration 12. A salesman’s cardinal rule is to satisfy customers.A. principalB. officialC. simpleD. legal 13. I must compliment you on your handling of a very difficult situationA. silenceB. praise C .assure D. complain 14. We lived for years in a perpetual state of fearA. emotionalB. nervousC. terribleD. Continuous 15. The starving children were a pathetic sight.A. commonB. unexpectedC. unforgettableD. pitiful 第2部分：阅读判断(第16～22题，每题l分，共7分) 下⾯的短⽂后列出了7个句⼦，请根据短⽂的内容对每个句⼦做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A;如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B;如果该句的信息⽂中没有提及，请选择C。

2015职称英语理工类a级考试真题及答案2015年职称英语理工类A级考试真题及答案Part I Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: In this section, there are four passages followed by questions or incomplete statements. For each of them, there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes the statement.Passage 1Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage:When it comes to eco-friendly homes, cost and energy efficiency remain top priorities for most people. However, the benefits of a sustainable living environment extend far beyond just these two factors. In the past few years, a new trend has emerged that focuses on creating healthy indoor spaces that enhance both physical and mental well-being.Indoor air quality, natural lighting, and building materials are key elements that contribute to the overall healthfulness of a home. Homes with low levels of indoor pollutants can reduce the risk of respiratory diseases and allergies, while exposure tonatural light can improve mood and alertness. Additionally, choosing natural and non-toxic building materials can further enhance the well-being of the occupants.1. The main idea of the passage is__________.A. c ost and energy efficiency are the top priorities foreco-friendly homesB. sustainable living environments benefit people’s physical and mental healthC. i ndoor air quality is the most important factor for a healthy homeD. healthy indoor spaces are expensive to createAnswer: B2. According to the passage, which of the following is NOT mentioned as contributing to the overall healthfulness of a home?A. I ndoor air qualityB. Natural lightingC. S oundproofingD. Building materialsAnswer: C3. What can exposure to natural light do for occupants of a home?A. R educe the risk of respiratory diseasesB. Increase the risk of allergiesC. I mprove mood and alertnessD. Decrease energy efficiencyAnswer: C4. What is one way to enhance the well-being of a home’s occupants?A. C hoose natural and non-toxic building materialsB. Use synthetic materials in constructionC. I nstall artificial lightingD. Increase indoor pollutantsAnswer: A5. Which of the following best describes the new trend in sustainable living environments mentioned in the passage?A. F ocusing on cost and energy efficiencyB. Creating healthy indoor spaces for physical and mental well-beingC. U sing artificial lightingD. Not considering indoor air qualityAnswer: BSection BDirections: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph based on the content of the statement. Each paragraph may be chosen once.Passage 2Questions 6 to 10 are based on the following passage:The coffee industry has been a major player in the global economy for centuries. From its origins in Africa to its widespread consumption around the world today, coffee has become an integral part of many cultures. However, recent concerns about the environmental impact of coffee production have raised questions about the sustainability of the industry.6. Coffee has been consumed globally for many centuries.7. Concerns about the environmental impact of coffee production have emerged recently.8. The coffee industry has a long history dating back to Africa.9. Coffee production has become a major economic force around the world.10. The sustainability of the coffee industry is being questioned due to environmental concerns.Answer: 3Part II Vocabulary and StructureSection ADirections: Choose the correct answer to complete each of the following sentences.11. The teacher usually______ her students________a lot of homework.A. gives, tooB. gives, withC. gives, too manyD. gives, a lot ofAnswer: C12. By the time Tom_________ the station, the train had already left.A. had reachedB. reachedC. was reachingD. reachesAnswer: A13. The company is planning _______ a new product line next year.A. launchingB. to launchC. launchedD. launchAnswer: B14. Everyone was surprised by the sudden______ of the storm.A. breakB. strikeC. pauseD. hitAnswer: D15. I’d like to ______ a table for two for this evening, please.A. bookB. reserveC. orderD. reserveAnswer: BSection BDirections: Complete the following sentences with the correct form of the word in brackets.16. The company is______ a new marketing campaign to attract customers. (launch)17. We had to ______ our plans due to the bad weather. (revise)18. The______ system in this building is very inefficient. (heat)19. The new manager has brought a lot of______ to the company. (innovate)20. She is very______ about starting her own business. (enthusiasm)Answer: 16. launching17. revise18. heating19. innovation20. enthusiasticPart III Reading ComprehensionDirections: In this section, there are four passages followed by questions or incomplete statements. Read the passage and choose the best answer to each question.Passage 3Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage:One of the biggest challenges facing the technology industry today is cybersecurity. With the increasing amount of data being stored online and the rise of cyber attacks, companies must take steps to protect their information and systems.Cybersecurity professionals play a crucial role in safeguarding sensitive data and preventing security breaches.21. What is the biggest challenge facing the technology industry today?A. Technological advancementsB. CybersecurityC. Data storageD. Cyber attacksAnswer: B22. Why do companies need to protect their information and systems?A. To prevent technological advancementsB. To increase data storageC. To safeguard sensitive dataD. To encourage cyber attacksAnswer: C23. What role do cybersecurity professionals play in the industry?A. Creating security breachesB. Safeguarding sensitive dataC. Increasing cyber attacksD. Preventing data storageAnswer: B24. What must companies do to protect their information and systems?A. Increase data storageB. Safeguard sensitive dataC. Prevent security breachesD. Encourage technological advancementsAnswer: C25. According to the passage, what is on the rise in the technology industry?A. Technological advancementsB. CybersecurityC. Data storageD. Cyber attacksAnswer: DPart IV WritingSection ADirections: In this section, you are going to write an essay on the importance of lifelong learning. Write at least 150 words.Lifelong learning is essential in today’s rapidly changing world. With advances in technology and globalization, the skills and knowledge required for success are constantly evolving. In order to stay competitive in the workforce, individuals must continue to learn and adapt throughout their careers. Lifelong learning not only enhances one’s job prospects but also contributes to personal development and fulfillment.Furthermore, lifelong learning allows individuals to stay updated on new developments in their field and remain relevant in a rapidly changing environment. By seeking out opportunities for continuous learning, individuals can adapt to new challenges and take advantage of emerging trends. Lifelong learning also fosters creativity and innovation, as individuals are exposed to new ideas and perspectives.In conclusion, lifelong learning is an invaluable asset in today’s fast-paced world. By committing to continuouslearning, individuals can enhance their skills, stay relevant in the workforce, and lead more fulfilling lives. Investing in lifelong learning is a positive step towards personal and professional growth.Section BDirections: Translate the following sentences into English.26. 我们必须采取措施保护环境，防止进一步的破坏。

2015职称英语理工类a级考试真题及答案2015 Professional Title English Test for Science and Engineering Class A LevelSection I Use of EnglishDirections: Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C, or D on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)In cities, millions of people live _____1_____ close together, yet most of them ____2___ have no close friends. This means there are more lonely people than ever before. Many of them are elderly. They used to see friends nearby every day, but now they are lucky if they see them ____3____ few times a year.How is it that ____4___ people come to be so lonely? There are many reasons. Work, for example, is important for most people. Very often, to be successful, one has to go to live where the best job is. So, ____5___ of us have to move away from friends and family to live and to work.There are probably more lonely people living in ____6____ than anywhere else in the world. The reason for this is that in cities people live close together, but know little about each other.People who live in the ____7____ street or block of flats may never have ____8____ person who lives only a few doors away.School teachers have a lot to do with this ____9____, the first thing they need to do is to get children to realize that perhaps the ____10___ friend is the one that is nearest to them.1. A. so B. as C. very D. rather2. A. however B. nor C. yet D. but3. A. a B. two C. couple D. a4. A. such B. as C. these D. that5. A. some B. few C. many D. a lot6. A. cities B. towns C. villages D. countries7. A. the same B. identical C. different D. similar8. A. knows B. known C. know D. knowing9. A. problem B. activity C. situation D. fact10. A. most B. best C. near D. nextSection II Reading ComprehensionDirections: There are three passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements.For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the one that best completes the statement or answers the question. (30 points)Passage OneQuestion 11 to 15 are based on the following passage:In 13th-century England, the Black Death was responsible for the deaths of millions of people. This plague was carried by fleas on the backs of ________ and was spread in the streets of London. Ships arriving from foreign ________ also helped to spread the disease. The situation was made even worse because dead bodies lay rotting in the ________ and people were too terrified to go outside. The streets were ________ with refuse and filth.11. A. rats B. dogs C. cats D. mice12. A. cities B. villages C. towns D. countries13. A. waters B. fields C. streets D. hills14. A. clean B. filled C. packed D. stuffed15. A. A. thing B. something C. everything D. nothingPassage TwoQuestion 16 to 20 are based on the following passage:Scientists are working on a new process to turn ________ into a soft and flexible fabric. The plastic bags used to wrap food in supermarkets are made from ________. At present, most of them are thrown away even though they are non-biodegradable. A company in the United States hopes to ________ them into carpets and sleeping bags. They will be soft and suitable for use in houses ________ the edges will be bound with fabric.16. A. planks B. bottles C. metals D. glasses17. A. cotton B. plastic C. leather D. nylon18. A. make B. put C. spin D. drop19. A. so B. however C. whereas D. but20. A. beside B. although C. because D. althoughPassage ThreeQuestion 21 to 25 are based on the following passage:More and more people in Europe are suffering from health problems such as heart disease and ________ because they eat too much ________ food. Doctors have given advice on how to ________ a diet to save one from developing such diseases. They say we should eat more ________ and less fatty food.21. A. lungs B. stomachs C. skins D. hands22. A. cooked B. raw C. good D. delicious23. A. find B. suggest C. include D. increase24. A. fish B. bread C. cheese D. butter25. A. just B. after C. even D. onlySection III TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences from English into Chinese. Write your translation on the ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)26. You must be aware of the limitations of your abilities.27. The old man was struck dead by a passing car.28. The audience was impressed by the young singer's performance.29. They have put off the meeting until next week.30. Please inform me of the result as soon as possible.Section IV WritingDirections: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic My Favorite Hobby. You should write at least 150 words following the outline given below in Chinese:1. 我最喜爱的爱好是什么。

2015年职称英语考试《理工A》真题及答案(完整文字版) 第1部分：词汇选项(第1～15题，每题1分，共15分)下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有底横线，请为每处划线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。

1. I will not tolerate that sort of behavior in my class.A. controlB. observeC. regulateD. Accept【答案】D2. She showed a natural aptitude for the work.A. senseB. talentC. flavorD. Taste【答案】B3. Most people find rejection hard to accept.A. excuseB. clientC. refusalD. Destiny【答案】C4. The organization was bold enough to face the press.A. pleasedB. powerfulC. braveD. Sensible【答案】C5. They were locked in mortal combat.A. deadlyB. openC. actualD. Active【答案】A6. We were attracted by the lure of quick money.A. amountB. supplyC. temptD. Sum【答案】C7. The procedures were perceived as complex and less transparent.A. clearB. necessaryC. specialD. Correct【答案】A8. The Stock Exchange is in turmoil following a huge wave of selling.A. ServiceB. dangerC. disorderD. threat【答案】C9. He believes that Europe must change or it will perish.A. surviveB. lastC. dieD. Move【答案】C10. There was a simultaneous trial taking place in the next build.A. fairB. full C .coexisting D. Public【答案】C11. They promote assimilation of ethnic groups into the main-stream culture.A. policyB. value C .equality D. Integration【答案】D12. A salesman’s cardinal rule is to satisfy customers.A. principalB. officialC. simpleD. Legal【答案】A13. I must compliment you on your handling of a very difficult situationA. silenceB. praise C .assure D. Complain【答案】B14. We lived for years in a perpetual state of fearA. emotionalB. nervousC. terribleD. Continuous【答案】D15. The starving children were a pathetic sight.A. commonB. unexpectedC. unforgettableD. Pitiful【答案】D第2部分阅读判断Lackof Oxygen Delayed the Rise of Animals on EarthScientistshave long speculated as to why animal species didn’t flourish sooner, oncesufficient oxygen covered the Earth’s surface.Animals began to prosper at theend of the Proterozoic period, about 800 million years ago — but what about thebillion-year stretch before that, when most researchers think there also wasplenty of oxygen?Well,it seems the air wasn’t so great then, after all.Ina study published Oct. 31 in Science, Yale researcher Noah Planavsky and hiscolleagues found that oxygen levels during the ‚boring billion‛ period wereonly 0.1% of what they are today. In other words, Earth’s atmosphere couldn’thave supported a diversity of creatures, no matter what genetic advancementswere poised to occur.‚There is no questionthat genetic and ecological innovation must ultimately be behind the rise ofanimals, but it is equally unavoidable that animals need a certain level ofoxygen,‛ said Planavsky, co-lead author of the research along with ChristopherReinhard of the Georgia Institute of Technology. ‚We’re providing the firstevidence that oxygen levels were low enough during this period to potentiallyprevent the rise of animals.‛Thescientists found their evidence by analyzing chromium (Cr) isotopes in ancientsediments from China, Australia, Canada, and the United States. Chromium isfound in the Earth’s continental crust, and chromium oxidation is directlylinked to the presence of free oxygen in the atmosphere.Specifically,the team studied samples deposited in shallow,iron-rich ocean areas, near theshore. They compared their data with other samples taken from younger localesknown to have higher levels of oxygen.Oxygen’srole in controlling the first appearance of animals has long vexed scientists.‚We were missing the right approach until now,‛Planavsky said. ‚Chromium gaveus the proxy.‛ Previous estimates put the oxygen level at 40% of today’sconditions during pre-animal times, leaving open the possibility that oxygenwas already plentiful enough to support animal life.Inthe new study, the researchers acknowledged that oxygen levels were ‚highlydynamic‛in the early atmosphere, with the potential for occasional spikes.However, they said, ‚It seems clear that there is a first-order difference inthe nature of Earth surface Cr cycling‛ before and after the rise of animals.‚If we are right, ourresults will really change how people view the origins of animals and othercomplex life, and their relationships to the co-evolving environment,‛ saidco-author Tim Lyons of the University of California-Riverside. ‚This could be agame changer.‛Fundingsources for the research included the NASA Exobiology Program and the NationalScience Foundation’s Earth-Life Transitions program, awarded to Planavsky,Reinhard, and Lyons.Theother members of the research team included Xiangli Wang, a postdoctoral fellowat Yale; Thomas Johnson, of the University of Illinois;Danielle Thomson, ofCarleton University; Peter McGoldrick, of the University of Tasmania; andWoodward Fischer, of the California Institute of Technology.16.The study discovered the rise of animals occurred earlier than the Proterozoicperiod.A.RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned17.Many researchers believe the oxygen level was high during pre-animal times.A. RightB. WrongC.Not mentioned18. The teamwas funded by several research institutes.A.RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned19. Geneticadvancements triggered the rise of animals.A.RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned20. Thesamples studied in the research were collected in ocean areas.A. RightB. WrongC.Not mentioned21. Thestudy revealed that chromium found in Earth’s continental crust remained stablebefore and after the rise of animals.A.RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned22. TimLyons liked to play computer games in his spare time.A.RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned第3部分概括大意与完成句子FirstImage-recognition Software1.Dartmouth researchers and their colleagues have created an artificial 1 ,software that uses photos to locate documents on the Internet with far gre jthan ever before.2.The new system, which was tested on photos and is now being applied to , Ishows for the first time that a machine learning algorithm (运算法则)or ,ma9e I recognition and retrieval is accurate and efficient enough toimprove large seaie , document searches online. The system uses pixel (像素)data in images and potentia y video — rather than just text — to locatedocuments. It learns to recognize the pixels associated with a search phrase bystudying the results from text-based image search engines. The knowledgegleaned (收集) from those results can then beapplied to other photos without tags or captions making for more accuratedocument search results.3."Over the last 30 years," says Associate Professor Lorenzo Torresani,a co-author of the study, "the Web has evolved from a small collection ofmostly text documents to a modern, massive, fast-growing multimedia dataset,where nearly every page includes multiple pictures or videos. When a personlooks at a Web page, he immediately gets the gist (主旨)of it by looking at the pictures in it. Yet, surprisingly, allexisting popularsearch engines, such as Google or Bing, strip away the information contained inthe photos and use exclusively the text of Web pages to perform the documentretrieval. Our study is the first to show that modern machine vision systemsare accurate and efficient enough to make effective use of the informationcontained in image pixels to improve document search."4.The researchers designed and tested a machine vision system — a type ofartificial intelligence that allows computers to learn without being explicitlyprogrammed —that extracts semantic (语义的) information from thepixels of photos in Web pages. This information is used to enrich thedescription of the HTML page used by search engines for document retrieval. Theresearchers tested their approach using more than 600 search queries (查询)on a database of 50 million Web pages. They selected the text-retheval searchengine with the best performance and modified it to make use of the additionalsemantic information extracted by their method from the pictures of the Webpages. They found that this produced a 30 percent improvement in precision overthe original search engine purely based on text.23. Paragraph 1 __B__24. Paragraph 2 __C__25. Paragraph 3 __E__26. Paragraph 4 __D__A.Popularity of the new systemB.Publication of the new discoveryC.Function of the new systemD.Artificial intelligence software createdE.Problems of the existing search enginesF.Improvement in document retrieval27. The new system does documentretrieval by __C__.28. The new system is expected toimprove precision in __B__.29. When performing documentretrieval the existing search engines ignore __A__30. The new system was found moreeffective in document search than the __E__rmation in imagesB.current popular search enginesing photosD.machine vision systemsE.document searchF.description of the HTML page第4部分阅读理解Better Solar Energy Systems: More Heat,More LightSolar photovoltaic thermal energy systems,or PVTs, generate both heat and electricity, but until now they haven’t been very good at the heat-generating part compared to a stand-alone solar thermal collector. That’s because they operate at low temperatures to cool crystalline silicon solar cells, which lets the silicon generate more electricity but isn’ta very efficient way to gather heat.That’s a problem of economics. Good solar hot-water systems can harvest much more energy than a solar-electric system at a substantially lower cost. And it’s also a space problem: photovoltaic cells can take up all the space on the roof, leaving little room for thermal applications.In a pair of studies, Joshua Pearce, anassociate professor of materials science and engineering, has devised a solution in the form of a better PVT made with a different kind of silicon. His research collaborators are Kunal Girotra from Thin Silicon in California and Michael Pathak and Stephen Harrison from Queen’s University, Canada.Most solar panels are made with crystalline silicon, but you can also make solar cells out of amorphous silicon, commonly known as thin-film silicon. They don’t create as much electricity, but they are lighter, flexible, and cheaper. And, because they require much less silicon,they have a greener footprint. Unfortunately, thin-film silicon solar cellsare vulnerable to some bad-news physics in the form of the Staebler-Wronski effect.‚That means that their efficiency drops when you expose them to light — pretty much the worst possible effect for a solar cell,‛ Pearce explains,which is one of the reasons thin-film solar panels make up only a small fraction of the market.However, Pearce and his team found a way to engineer around the Staebler-Wronski effect by incorporating thin-film siliconin a new type of PVT. You don’t have to cool down thin-film silicon to make it work. In fact, Pearce’s group discovered that by heating it to solar-thermal operating temperatures, near the boiling point of water, they could make thicker cells that largely overcame the Staebler-Wronski effect. When they applied the thin-film silicon directly to a solar thermal energy collector,they also found that by baking the cell once a day, they boosted the solar cell’s electrical efficiency by over 10 percent.31. PVTs are not efficient inA. creating electricity.B. cooling silicon solar cells.C. generating heat.D. powering solar thermal collectors.32. One of the problems PVTs have is thatA. their thermala pplications are costly.B. they are too expensive to afford.C. it is hard to fix them on the roof.D. they occupy too much space.33. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as an advantage of thin-film silicon solar cells?A. They are flexible.B. They are less expensive.C. They are electrically efficient.D. They are environment friendly.34. Thin-film solar panels do not sell well on market becauseA. they do not work well if exposed to light.B. their advantages are not well-recognized.C. they need improving in appearance.D. they are not advertised.35 Which of the following statements is true?A. New techniques have been developed to produce thin-film silicon.B Thin-film silicon works efficiently at low temperature.C Thin-film silicon's electrical efficiency improves when heated up.D Anew material enlarging the Staebler-WronsKi effect has been created.译文：第十三篇更有效的太阳能系统：更多热量，更强灯光太阳能光伏热能系统，也叫PVT，能够生成热量和电能。

2015理工A真题及答案第一部分词汇选项1. I will not tolerate that sort of behavior in my classA. controlB. observeC. regulateD. accept2. She showed a natural aptitude for the work.A. senseB. talentC. flavorD. taste3. Most people find rejection hard to accept.A. excuseB. clientC. refusalD. destiny4. The organization was bold enough to face the press.A. pleasedB. powerfulC. braveD. sensible5. They were locked in mortal combat.A. deadlyB. openC. actualD. active6. We were attracted by the lure of quick money.A. AmountB. supplyC. temptD. sum7. The procedures were perceived as complex and less transparent.A. clearB. necessaryC. specialD. correct8. The stock exchange is in turmoil following a huge wave of selling.A. service B danger C. disorder D. threat9. He believed that Europe must change or it will perish.A. surviveB. lastC. dieD. move10. There was a simultaneous trial taking place in the next building.A. fairB. fullC. coexistingD. public11. They promote assimilation of ethnic groups into the main-stream culture.A. policyB. valueC. equalityD. integration12. A salesman’s cardinal rule is to satisfy customers.A. principalB. officialC. simpleD. legal13. I must compliment you on your handling of a very difficult situation.A. silenceB. praiseC. assureD. complain14. We lived for years in a perpetual state of fear.A. emotionalB. nervousC. terribleD. continuous15. The starving children were a pathetic sight.A. commonB. unexpectedC. unforgettableD. pitiful第二部分阅读判断Lack of oxygen delayed the rise of animals on earthScientists have long speculated as to why animal species didn’tflourish sooner, once sufficient oxygen covered the Earth’s surface. Animals began to prosper at the end of the Proterozoic period, about 800 million years ago — but what about the billion-year stretch before that, when most researchers think there also was plenty of oxygen?Well, it seems the air wasn’t so great then, after all.In a study published Oct. 31 in Science, Yale researcher Noah Planavsky and his colleagues found that oxygen levels during the “boring billion” periodwere only 0.1% of what they are today. In other words, Earth’s atmosphere couldn’t have supported a diver sity of creatures, no matter what genetic advancements were poised to occur.“There is no question that genetic and ecological innovation mustultimately be behind the rise of animals, but it is equally unavoidable that animals need a certain level of o xygen,” said Planavsky, co-lead author of the research along with Christopher Reinhard of the Georgia Institute of Technology. “We’re providing the first evidence that oxygen levels were low enough during this period to potentially prevent the rise of anim als.”The scientists found their evidence by analyzing chromium (Cr) isotopes in ancient sediments from China, Australia, Canada, and the United States. Chromium is found in the Earth’s continental crust, and chromium oxidation is directly linked to the presence of free oxygen in the atmosphere.Specifically, the team studied samples deposited in shallow, iron-richocean areas, near the shore. They compared their data with other samples taken from younger locales known to have higher levels of oxygen.Oxygen’s role in controlling the first appearance of animals has long vexed scientists.“We were missing the right approach until now,” Planavsky said. “Chromium gaveus the proxy.” Previous estimates put the oxygen level at 40% of today’s conditions during pre-animal times, leaving open thepossibility that oxygen was already plentiful enough to support animal life.In the new study, the researchers acknowledged that oxygen levels were “highly dynamic” in the early atmosphere, with the potential for occasional spikes. However, they said, “It seems clear that there is a first-order difference inthe nature of Earth surface Cr cycling” before and after the rise of animals.“If we are right, our results will really change how people view theorigins of animals and other complex life, and their relationships to the co-evolving environment,” said co-author Tim Lyons of the University ofCalifornia-Riverside. “This could be agame changer.”Funding sources for the research included the NASA Exobiology Program andthe National Science Foundation’s Earth-Life Transitions program, awarded to Planavsky, Reinhard, and Lyons.Theo ther members of the research team included Xiangli Wang, apostdoctoral fellow at Yale; Thomas Johnson, of the University of Illinois; Danielle Thomson, of Carleton University; Peter McGoldrick, of the Universityof Tasmania; and Woodward Fischer, of the California Institute of Technology. 16.The study discovered the rise of animals occurred earlier than the Proterozoicperiod.A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned17. Many researchers believe the oxygen level was high during pre-animal times.A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned18. The team was funded by several research institutes.A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned19. Genetic advancements triggered the rise of animals.A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned20. The samples studied in the research were collected in ocean areas.A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned21. The study revealed that chromium found in Earth’s continental crust remained stable before and after the rise of animals.A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentioned22. TimLyons liked to play computer games in his spare time.A. RightB. WrongC. Not mentione第三部分概括大意与完成句子First image-recognition software1. Dartmouth researchers and their colleagues have created an artificial1,software that uses photos to locate documents on the Internet with far grejthan ever before.2.The new system, which was tested on photos and is now being applied to, I shows for the first time that a machine learning algorithm (运算法则)or,ma9e I recognition and retrieval is accurate and efficient enough toimprove large seaie, document searches online. The system uses pixel (像素)data in images and potentiay video — rather than just text — to locate documents. It learns to recognize the pixels associated with a search phrase by studying the results from text-based image search engines. The knowledge leaned (收集) from those results can then be applied to other photos without tags or captions making for more accurate document search results.3."Over the last 30 years," says Associate Professor Lorenzo Torresani, a co-author of the study," the Web has evolved from a small collection of mostlytext documents to a modern, massive, fast-growing multimedia dataset, where nearly every page includes multiple pictures or videos. When a person looks at a Web page, he immediately gets the gist (主旨)of it by looking at the pictures in it. Yet, surprisingly, all existing popular search engines, such as Google or Bing, strip away the information contained in the photos and use exclusively the text of Web pages to perform the document retrieval. Our study is the first to show that modern machine vision systems are accurate and efficient enough to make effective use of the information contained in image pixels to improve document search."4.The researchers designed and tested a machine vision system — a type of artificial intelligence that allows computers to learn without being explicitly programmed — that extracts semantic (语义的) information from the pixels of photos in Web pages. This information is used to enrich the description of the HTML page used by search engines for document retrieval. There searchers tested their approach using more than 600 search queries (查询)on a database of 50 million Web pages. They selected the text-retheval search engine with the best performance and modified it to make use of the additional semantic information extracted by their method from the pictures of the Webpages. They found that this produced a 30 percent improvement in precision over the original search engine purely based on text.23. Paragraph 1 __B__24. Paragraph 2 __C__25. Paragraph 3 __E__26. Paragraph 4 __D__A. Popularity of the new systemB. Publication of the new discoveryC. Function of the new systemD. Artificial intelligence software createdE. Problems of the existing search enginesF. Improvement in document retrieval27. The new system does document retrieval by __C__.28. The new system is expected toimprove precision in __B__.29. When performing document retrieval the existing search engines ignore __A__30. The new system was found more effective in document search than the __E__A. information in imagesB. current popular search enginesC. using photosD. machine vision systemsE. document searchF. description of the HTML page第四部分阅读理解第1篇 Better Solar Energy Systems：More Heat, More Light更有效的太阳能系统：更多热量，更强灯光（出自理工教材完形填空，2013年考题）Solar photovoltaic（光伏的）thermal energy systems, or PVTs, generate both heat and electricity, but until now they haven't been very good at the heat-generating part compared to a stand-alone solar thermal collector. That's because they operate at low temperatures to cool crystalline（晶体的）silicon solar cells, which lets the silicon generate more electricity but isn't a very efficient way to gather heat. 太阳能光伏热能系统，也叫PVT，能够生成热量和电能。

职称英语理工类C级真题2015年(总分：100.00，做题时间：120分钟)一、第一部分：词汇选项 (总题数：15，分数：15.00)1.The weather last summer was awful.（分数：1.00）A.bad √B.fairC.dryD.hot解析：去年夏天的天气很糟糕。

awful 糟糕。

2.The law carries a penalty of up to three years in prison.（分数：1.00）A.messageB.guiltC.obligationD.punishment √解析：这部法律的惩罚最高可至三年有期徒刑。

penalty 惩罚。

3.My piano playing has improved significantly since I had a new teacher.（分数：1.00）A.definitelyB.generallyC.certainlyD.greatly √解析：自从我有了新老师开始，我弹钢琴的技巧大大的提高了。

significantly 大大的，显著地。

4.There is a need for radical changes in education.（分数：1.00）A.revolutionary √B.long-termC.short-termD.systematic解析：教育上需要一次彻底的改变。

radical 彻底的，激进的。

5.It frustrates me that I’m not able to put any of my ideas into practice.（分数：1.00）A.discourages √B.showsC.surprisesD.frightens解析：我不能把我的任何想法付出实践，这让我很沮丧。

frustrate 使之沮丧。

6.I realized to my horror that I had forgotten the present.（分数：1.00）A.limitB.fear √C.powerD.fool解析：我惊恐的意识到我忘带了礼物。

2015职称英语理工类A级考试真题：一．词汇选项下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有底横线，请为每处划线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。

1.I will not tolerate that sort of behavior in my class.A.controlB.observeC.regulateD.accept2.She showed a natural aptitude hard to accept.A.senseB.talentC.flavorD.taste3.Most people find rejection hard to accept.A.excuseB.clientC.destinyD.refusal4. The organization was bold enough to face the press.A.pleasedB.powerfulC.braveD.sensible5.They were locked in mortal cmbat.A.deadlyB.openC.actualD.active6. We were attracted by the lure of quick money.A.amountB.supplyC.sumD.temp7.The procedures were perceived as complex and less transparent.A.clearB.necessaryC.specialD.correct8.The Stock Exchange is in turmoil following a huge wave of selling.A.ServiceB.dangerC.disorderD.threat9.He believes that Europe must change or it will perish.A.survicestC.dieD.move10.There was a simultaneous trial taking place in the next build.A.fairB.fullC.coexistingD.public11.They promote simulation of ethnic group into the main-streasm culture.A.policyB.valueC.equalityD.intergration12.A saleman’s cardinal rule is to satisfy customers.A.principalB.officalC.simpleD.legal13.I must compliment you on your handling of a very difficult situation.A.silenceB.praiseC.assureplain14.We live for years in a perpetual state of fear.A.emotionB.nervousC.terribileD.Contimuous15.The starving children were a pathectic sight.monB.unexpectedC.unforgettableD.pitiful二．阅读判断下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C。

【经典资料，ＷＯＲＤ文档，可编辑修改】【经典考试资料，答案附后，看后必过，ＷＯＲＤ文档，可修改】2015年全国职称英语等级考试理工类（A级）试题及答案第1部分：词汇选项（第1～5题，每题l分，共15分）下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语画有底横线，请为每处画线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。

1 With immense relief. I stopped running.A some B、enormous C little D extensive2 The scientists began to accumulate data.A collectB handleC analyzeD investigate3 Jack eventually overtook the last truck.A hit.B passedC reachedD led4 Sometimes it is advisable to book hotels in advance.A possibleB profitableC easyD wise5 The reason for their unusual behavior remains a puzzle.A factB mysteryC statementD game6 That guy is really witty.A smartB uglyC honorableD popular7 The world champion suffered a sensational defeat.A reasonableB dramaticC humiliatingD horrifying8 It seems that only Mary is eligible for the job.A preparedB trainedC qualifiedD guided9 This poem depicts the beautiful scenery of a town in the South.A praisesB writesC imitatesD describes10 The meaning is still obscure.A vagueB transparentC alienD significant11 Dumped waste might contaminate Water supplies.A destroyB decreaseC delayD pollute12 One theory postulates that the ancient Filipinos came from India and Persia.A assumesB expectsC predictsD considers13 It is very difficult for a child to adhere to rules.A rememberB followC understandD learn14 I hope that I didn't do anything absurd last night.A awkwardB strangeC stupidD awful15 There should be laws that prohibit smoking around children.A forbidB advocateC inheritD withdraw第2部分：阅读判断（第16～22垒题，每题1分，共7分）下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C.Green Roof ResearchThe concept of green roofs is basically about growing plants on roofs，thus helping to replace the green footprint that had been destroyed due to the construction of the building. Green roofs are the most prevalent（流行）in Germany，which is widely regarded as the leader in green roof research.The green roofs that are used these days can be classified as 'extensive' and'intensive' systems. Extensive green roofs use mosses，grasses and herbs，which are tolerant to droughts. These plants do not Reed much maintenance. can be grown in a layer of substrate（土层）that can be as shallow as inches，and generally are inaccessible to the public. In contrast, a wide range of species of plants are grown on intensive green roofs，such as shrubs（灌木）and even trees，which require deeper substrate layers，and are usually grown on flat roofs. They need intensive maintenance, and are usually areas that resemble parks which are accessible to people.There are several benefits of adopting green roof technologies. Apart from the obvious psychological and aesthetic（美学的）benefits of garden-like environments surrounding you，some of the common economic and ecological benefits are：a reduction in the consumption of energy；air and water purification；recovering green spaces；and the mitigation（缓解）of the heat island effect in urban areas.The green roof research that is currently ongoing is focused on evaluating the species of plants that are suitable to be grown on roofs，the methods of propagation（繁殖）as well as establishment，nutrient（养料）and water requirement，substrates，and the quantity and quality of water runoff. The evaluation criteria of plant species are：at what rate they can be established：their capacity to withstand invasive weeds：tolerance of cold and heat: tolerance of drought conditions: capacity of persistence and survival.A number of experiments are being conducted on roof platform simulations at various research centers. These sites are generally outfitted with equipment，which are used to measure temperatures at different depths of the growing substrates, and the rate and volume of the runoff of stormwaters from each of the platforms.Green roof technology is representative of a completely new market for landscape contractors. And all roofs that currently exist and the future ones to be constructed are the potential market-a market that is too huge to be overlooked.16 It is estimated that around 10 percent of the flat roofs in Germany are green.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned17 German people prefer extensive green roof systems to intensive ones.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned18 Small plants like grasses and herbs are grown widely on intensive green roofs.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned19 Green roof is an ecologically sound strategy of spreading green in urban areas.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned20 0ne of the benefits of green roofs is the reduction of the heat island effect in cities.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned21 0ne focus；n the green roof research is the evaluation of suitable plant species.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned22 Although green roof technology can create a garden-like environment，its potential market is rather small.A RightB WrongC Not mentioned第3部分：概括大意与完成句子（第23～30题，每题l分，共8分）下面的短文后有2项测试任务：（1）第23～26题要求从所给的6个选项中为第2—5段每段选择1个最佳标题；（2）第27～30题要求从所给的6个选项中为每个句子确定1个最佳选项。

2015年全国职称英语等级考试（理工类C级）真题及详解1部分：词汇选项（第l～15题，每题l分，共15分）第下面每个句子中均有1个词或者短语划有底横线，请为每处划线部分确定l个意义最为接近的选项。

1. The weather last summer was awful.A. badB. fairC. dryD. hot【答案】A【解析】句意：去年夏天的天气很糟糕。

awful糟糕的，极坏的。

bad表示“坏的，不好的”，与awful同义。

fair公平的，晴朗的。

dry干燥的。

hot炎热的。

因此，本题应选A项。

2. The law carries a penalty of up to three years in prison.A. messageB. guiltC. obligationD. punishment【答案】D【解析】句意：法律规定量刑最多为三年。

penalty惩罚，罚款。

punishment表示“惩罚，处罚”，与penalty同义。

message消息，通知。

guilt犯罪，罪行。

obligation职责，义务。

因此，本题应选D项。

3. My piano playing has improved significantly since I had a new teacher.A. definitelyB. generallyC. certainlyD. greatly【答案】D【解析】句意：自从我有一位新老师后我的钢琴演奏水平已经大大提高了。

significantly大大地，显著地。

greatly表示“很，非常”，与significantly同义。

definitely清楚地，明确地。

generally通常，普遍地。

certainly当然，一定。

因此，本题应选D项。

4. There is a need for radical changes in education.A. revolutionaryB. long-termC. short-termD. systematic【答案】A【解析】句意：有必要在教育领域进行彻底的改革。

下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子作出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A;如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B;如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C.(第16—22题，每题1分，共7分)ADHD Linked to Air PollutantsChildren have an increased of attention problems,seen as early as grade school.If their noses inhaled(吸入)a certain type of air pollution when they were pregnant.That's the finding of a new study.Released when things aren't burned completely,this pollution is known as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons,or PAHs.The biggest sources of these PAHs： the burning of fossil fuels,wood and trash.Frederica Perera works at Columbia University's Mailman School of Public Health is New York City.She researches how exposure to things in the environment affects children's health in a new study,she and her team studied the exposure to air pollution of 233 nonsmoking pregnant women in New York City.Because burning tobacco can spew(排放)PAHs into the air and lungs,Perera's team focused on nonsmokers.The researchers wanted to probe(探查)other sources of PAHs,ones that's would have been hard for an individual to avoid.The team started by testing the blood of each woman during pregnancy.The reason Any PAHs in a woman's blood would also be available to the baby in her womb.Nine years later,the researchers investigated signs of attention problems in those children,now age 9.They asked each child's mother a series of questions.These included whatever her child had problems doing things that needed sustained(长期的)mental effort,such as homework or games with friends.The scientists also asked if the kids had trouble following instructions or made frequent,careless mistakes.All of these can be symptoms of a disorder called Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder,or ADHD.About one in U.S.children has ADHD.Among the women studied,traffic and home heating were the primary sources of air pollution exposure,Perera and her team suspect.Some of these women had low levels of PAHs in their blood.Ohters had high levels.Those with high levels were five times as likely to have children who showed attention problems by age 9.The new findings were published November 5 in the journal PLOS ONE.16.Perera and her team chose nonsmoking pregnant women all over America.A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned参考答案：B17.The main purpose of the research was to find out how exposure to PAHs playeda role in harming the subjects'physical health.A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned参考答案：B18.Nonsmoking mothers were selected because the effect of smoking on PAHs was unclear.A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned参考答案：B19.The blood of each woman was tested once a month during pregnancy.A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned参考答案：C20.Kids with ADHD commonly fail in school.A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned参考答案：C21.The women with high levels of PAHs in their blood were more likely to have kids with ADHD.A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned参考答案：A22.Traffic and home heating were considered to be the biggest sources of PAHs for the subjects in the research.A.RightB.WrongC.Not mentioned参考答案：A第三部分：概括大意与完成句子下面的短文后有2项测试任务：(1)第23—26题要求从所给的6个选项中为指定段落每段选择1个标题;(2)第27—30题要求从所给的6个选项中为每个句子确定一个最佳选项。