2018年北京海淀区北京大学附属中学高三零模英语试卷-学生用卷一、单选1、【来源】 2018年北京海淀区北京大学附属中学高三零模第1题1分2020~2021学年天津和平区天津市汇文中学高一上学期期中第20题1分2017年高考真题江苏卷第28题1分2020~2021学年天津和平区天津市汇文中学高一上学期期中第20题1分2017~2018学年3月黑龙江哈尔滨香坊区哈尔滨市第六中学高一下学期月考第16题In 1963 the UN set up the World Food Programme, one of purposes is to relieve worldwide starvation.A. whichB. itsC. whoseD. whom2、【来源】 2018年北京海淀区北京大学附属中学高三零模第2题1分He was inspired to start again he had failed.A. whereB. in whichC. whenD. what3、【来源】 2018年北京海淀区北京大学附属中学高三零模第3题1分When from a distance, to tell the truth, the temple looks like a bird cage.A. seeingB. being seenC. seenD. see4、【来源】 2018年北京海淀区北京大学附属中学高三零模第4题1分Always in mind that your main task is to get this company running smoothly.A. to keepB. to have keptC. keepD. have kept5、【来源】 2018年北京海淀区北京大学附属中学高三零模第5题1分The Hotel Al Arab the first and only 7-star hotel in the world was designed in the shape of a sail of 321 meters.A. was consideredB. consideringC. being consideredD. considered6、【来源】 2018年北京海淀区北京大学附属中学高三零模第6题1分2010~2011学年北京西城区高二上学期期末2010年高考真题北京卷第6题2012年北京西城区北师大二附高三月考2015~2016学年10月四川成都郫都区郫都区成都外国语学校高三下学期月考第7题1分—I'm sorry, but I don't quite follow you. Did you say you wanted to return on September 20?—Sorry, I myself clear. We want to return on October 20.A. hadn't madeB. wouldn't makeC. don't makeD. haven't made7、【来源】 2018年北京海淀区北京大学附属中学高三零模第7题1分2010年高考真题山东卷第30题1分2015~2016学年广东广州高一上学期期中模拟第5题1分2011~2012学年北京西城区北京师范大学附属中学高一下学期期中Up to now, the program thousands of children who would otherwise have died.A. would saveB. savesC. had savedD. has saved8、【来源】 2018年北京海淀区北京大学附属中学高三零模第8题1分---Bob isn't feeling very well today. He has caught a cold.---Everybody seems to have, owing to the sudden change of weather.A. oneB. itC. thatD. another9、【来源】 2018年北京海淀区北京大学附属中学高三零模第9题1分By the time Jack returned home from England, his son from college, without his father attending the ceremony.A. graduatedB. has graduatedC. had been graduatingD. had graduated10、【来源】 2018年北京海淀区北京大学附属中学高三零模第10题1分2015~2016学年广东深圳福田区深圳市高级中学高中部高一上学期期中第94题1分2011年高考真题天津卷第4题On her next birthday, Ann married for twenty years.A. isB. has beenC. will beD. will have been11、【来源】 2018年北京海淀区北京大学附属中学高三零模第11题1分Yao Ming has been nominated for the Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame, which probably him the first Chinese player to receive the honor.A. makesB. has madeC. will makeD. will have made12、【来源】 2018年北京海淀区北京大学附属中学高三零模第12题1分---Hi, Torry, can I use your computer for a while this afternoon?---Sorry..A. It's repaired.B. It has repaired.C. It's being repaired.D. It had been repaired.13、【来源】 2018年北京海淀区北京大学附属中学高三零模第13题1分2018~2019学年黑龙江鹤岗工农区鹤岗市第一中学高二下学期期中第7题1分2010年高考真题湖南卷2017~2018学年北京西城区西城外国语学校高三上学期期中第23题1分2010年高考真题湖南卷第34题I'm tired out. I all afternoon and I don't seem to have finished anything.A. shoppedB. have shoppedC. had shoppedD. have been shopping14、【来源】 2018年北京海淀区北京大学附属中学高三零模第14题1分One of the firms I applied to has offered me a job but I my options open until I hear from the others.A. have keptB. will have keptC. am keepingD. keep15、【来源】 2018年北京海淀区北京大学附属中学高三零模第15题1分2010年高考真题北京卷第35题1分First impressions are the most lasting. After all, you never get ________second chance to make _____first impression.A. a; theB. the; theC. a; aD. the; a二、完形填空16、【来源】 2018年北京海淀区北京大学附属中学高三零模第16~35题30分From that day on, when eight-year-old Jack with gray eyes began riding my school bus, he was a troublemaker. His father passed away and he did not live with his mother. If afight1, it must have Jack. If a girl wascrying,2were that Jack had pulled her hair. I practiced every bitof3, talking to him again and again, but no use. No matter how I spoke to him,4or strictly, he would stare at me with those big grayeyes5 a word.Towards the end of the year, I received many small gifts from kids on my bus. A little girl sent me a star key chain. She had written, "I love Polly and Polly loves me." On the last day of school Iwas6because of talking to the headmaster. When I got on the busI7that the star key chain was gone. "Jack was the first one to get on the bus. Check his8, " insisted the girl who had given me the gift.I asked him to come forward. I9my hand into one pocket. Then I felt it—the10shape of the key chain. Jack stared at me for a long time. There was no11in those big gray eyes, and no plea（请求）for12. He seemed to be waiting for what would happen. I was aboutto13the key chain out of Jack's pocket whenI14myself. "Let him keep it, " a15seemed to whisper. "It must have fallen off before I got here." I said to the kids.Many years later, I was in a department store16someone said. "Polly? "I turned to see the big gray eyes. To my17, he hugged me andpulled18from his pocket—the key chain that19, "I love Polly and Polly loves me.""You were the only one who kept20, " he explained. We hugged again…A. build upB. gave upC. broke outD. picked outA. challengesB. changesC. choicesD. chancesA. patienceB. respectC. interestD. hopeA. slowlyB. gentlyC. coldlyD. rudelyA. withoutB. throughC. afterD. uponA. happyB. lateC. anxiousD. earlyA. wonderedB. doubtedC. admittedD. realizedA. pocketsB. handsC. seatD. schoolbagA. expandedB. raisedC. hidD. reachedA. charmingB. originalC. familiarD. normalA. prideB. regretC. pleasureD. angerA. encouragementB. admissionC. mercyD. escapeA. pickB. slideC. ridD. pullA. stoppedB. enjoyedC. helpedD. preparedA. soundB. voiceC. toneD. noiseA. untilB. whenC. beforeD. whileA. delightB. fearC. surpriseD. amusementA. somethingB. anythingC. nothingD. everythingA. wroteB. repeatedC. appearedD. saidA. askingB. persuadingC. tryingD. arguing三、阅读理解17、【来源】 2018年北京海淀区北京大学附属中学高三零模（A篇）第36~38题6分Signs of a global economic recovery are glimmering, but are they enough to account for taking a major vacation? Well, the world is always bigger than our wallets. One of the simplest options is to find a place that has a lot to offer but hasn't yet been hit by price inflation that comes with mass popularity. To help travelers in search of value, we've assembled, with the help of professionals from USA Today, CNN and Lonely Planet, a list of destinations that are worth going to while they're still cheap.UkraineIts name translates as "land on the edge" , and this year Ukraine may be on the edge of discovery for budget travelers in search of rich history. Visitors can enjoy its culture wealth, the warmth of its people, and the fact that their daily spending is below $50 （307 yuan）.The country's UNESCO World Heritage Sites are cooperating with locals to offer special deals, such as a traditional meal for just a few dollars. It's the kind of travel experience you will recall once the moment has passed, so now is the time to build those memories.South KoreaSouth Korea is a visitor-friendly country. Not only can budget travelers find the basics—from hotel rooms to great meals—at reasonable prices, but the country also has a ton of free parks, discounts and other services, especially for visitors. For instance, until August 25, a free shuttle bus transports foreign visitors between the capital city of Seoul and Jeonju, a popular tourist destination. A free phone service offers tourists multilingual assistance 24 hours a day.TurkeyTurkey is on the rise, so to get the best of the new at the price of the old, go now. In the last decade, the country's tourism facilities have grown by 67 percent, according to USA Today, and more recently it has emerged as a global airline hub. This country of ancient ruins, historic towns and beckoning beaches is a destination to watch this summer.EgyptPopular resort areas in Egypt, like Sharm El Sheikh, are as relaxing as they ever were—and also less stressful for your wallet. "The overall sentiment is that resort areas like Sharm El Sheikh are very safe, said Tony Cardoza, president of a US travel agency, in an interview with CNN. “But most vacationers appear to prefer traveling to places that haven't seen as much civil unrest." That preference has made Egypt a buyer's market. Low demand also has another benefit: smaller crowds. "Clients going now have been able to get pictures of themselves in front of the pyramids with no other tourists blocking the view, " Cardoza said.(1) What can South Korea especially provide for the tourists?A. rich historyB. free servicesC. ancient ruinsD. free hotels(2) If you are interested in history, you can go to.A. Ukraine & EgyptB. Ukraine & South KoreaC. South Korea & EgyptD. Turkey & Ukraine(3) What is the advantage of Egypt, compared to other three countries?A. lower priceB. much saferC. fewer touristsD. less stressful18、【来源】 2018年北京海淀区北京大学附属中学高三零模（B篇）第39~42题8分2020年上海闵行区高三二模（A篇）第36~39题2015~2016学年6月陕西西安碑林区西北工业大学附属中学高三下学期月考（B篇）第24~27题8分Brooke Martin's golden retriever（金毛猎犬） Kayla hated being left alone or separated. She would howl, pace, and chew on things. Brooke learned that other people had the same problem with their pets. She wondered: "What if you could talk to your dog if you were gone"Working with her father in their garage, the 16-year-old came up with several ideas. Finally, she invented a device that allowed pet owners to video chat with their pets! She calls the device iCPooch. "The dog doesn't have to answer the call, "explains Brooke. "It comes up immediately on the screen on their end. It's a two-way audio and video—you can see and hear each other. "With a click of a button you can even send the dog a treat!Her invention has earned her a spot competing against nine other finalists in a young scientist competition for middle-school students. These finalists, selected based on their short video presentations, are working with mentors over the summer before heading to the final competition in St. Paul, Minn.After Martin's video put her among the 10 finalists in the Discovery Education 3M Young Scientist Challenge, she was paired with Delony Langer-Anderson, a product development scientist in 3M's consumer health care division. "I just lead her down the product development path, "Langer-Anderson told Live Science. This path includes guidance on how to test the potential product, which combines a video chat device that answers immediately on the dog's end with a dog treat device the owner can remotely activate."One thing I have thought about a lot is, what happens if the device is on the floor, what if your dog knocks it over, or scratches the screen？"Martin said. She and Langer-Anderson discussed this, and Martin is now testing materials at a local dog shelter by taping them to the dog house floors to see how well they withstand sharp teeth and claws.The finalists create models they can test, with the guidance from a mentor. Their projects include a fuel cell that transforms cut grass into electricity and an app that rewards drivers for not texting or calling. Langer-Anderson tries to help the students work through the scientific method, testing their hypothesis, ina determined way. "So the kids don't get buried in data, "she said.(1) Which of the following would be the best title of the textA. "iCPooch"wins in a young scientist competition.B. A 16-year-old girl invents a device for dogs'hunger.C. A man-made device lets people chat with their pets.D. A kid-invented device calms dogs' separation anxiety.(2) "iCPooch" calms pet dogs by.A. allowing video chatB. making dogs sleepC. answering the callD. giving them food(3) What is the probable meaning of the underlined word"mentors"？A. CompetitorsB. AssistantsC. InstructorsD. Companions(4) What do the inventions of the finalists have in common？A. They are all new inventions dealing with pets.B. They are possible solutions to everyday problems.C. They cope with the problems related to computers.D. They are all accomplished through individual work.19、【来源】 2018年北京海淀区北京大学附属中学高三零模（C篇）第43~46题8分The dream of the flying car could come down to earth soon as several start-ups like Chinese EHANG and Uber are developing so-called "passenger drones（无人机）" ---self-flying drones big enough to ferryindividual commuters around down --- which could shrink commute（上下班往返）times from hours to minutes.At first glance, human-carrying drones sound no more realistic than flying cars. Until recently inventors had never been able to marry automobiles and aircraft in a practical way. Yet a few companies have kept at it: Woburn, for example, has since 2006 been developing Transition, a "roadable aircraft" that resembles a small airplane that can fold its wings and drive on roads. A personal flying car in every garage has proved to be a tough sell, however, as there are serious safety concerns about asking the average commuter to train for a pilot's license and take to the skies.Passenger drones, by contrast, would operate autonomously and leave the "roadable" part behind in favor of larger versions of aircraft that already exist. Passenger drone designs favor "distributed electric propulsion（推进）, " meaning instead of one large rotor powered by a large engine they have multiple propellers each powered by its own, smaller motor. This sacrifices lifting power and flight performance in exchange for mechanical simplicity and lighter weight --- factors that could make them cheaper to operate. Quieter electric power would make the noise tolerable to city residents, although it remains to be seen how much weight such a vehicle could lift, and for how long.With any of these vehicles safety, is the biggest concern and extends to both the aircraft and the automated systems flying them. Advanced artificial intelligence is needed to fly large numbers of autonomous aircraft without crashing them into one another or, say, the local news channel's traffic helicopter. Carrying people from points A to B seems simple enough, but even the best AI struggles with surprises: What, for example, would a drone do if a landing area suddenly became unavailable? asks Sanjiv Singh, a Carnegie Mellon University robotics researcher. Instead of leaping to fully automated passenger drones, he suggests first testing the necessary AI in unmanned cargo（货物）runs, and adopting a "mixed mode" approach in early passenger services where pilots are assisted by AI co-pilots.Technical challenges aside start-ups promoting the technology will have to find a way to convince the public to give their drones a whirl, something that requires a much bigger leap of faith than getting into the backseat of a self-driving car. Passenger drone makers are "obviously still in the incubation（孵化）stages of technology development and improving the basics, " says Mike Hirschberg, executive director of the American Helicopter Society International. "But 20 or 30 years from now, life may be a little like The Jetsons where you take advantage of the third dimension and have much more mobility, especially in urban close quarters where ground transportation is gridlocked."The passenger drone progress may follow a sloping takeoff rather than vertical leap. Carnegie Mellon's Singh sees a long road ahead filled with lots of testing, analysis, regulation and efforts to win the public's trust before the technology becomes a viable transportation option. "There is the danger of someone moving too fast and then having a problem that sets the industry back for some time, " he says. (1) Personal flying cars have failed to gain popularity among households mainlybecause.A. people don't have the courage to take the cars to the air.B. people are unwilling to train for a pilot's license.C. people worry that they may not be qualified to fly the cars safely.D. it is practically impossible to combine cars and aircraft together.(2) Which of the following is NOT an advantage of passenger drones?A. It can lift more weight.B. It is lighter in weight.C. It makes less noise.D. It is simpler in mechanical design.(3) What is Hirschberg's attitude towards passenger drones?A. disapprovingB. neutralC. skepticalD. cautiously optimistic(4) We can learn from the passage that.A. artificial intelligence can easily tackle the problems occurring in air traffic.B. human pilots in autonomous aircraft will endanger the safety of passengers.C. the passenger drone industry will make major breakthroughs in the near future.D. the public's distrust may hinder the development of passenger drones.20、【来源】 2018年北京海淀区北京大学附属中学高三零模(D篇)第47~50题8分What's the Difference Between Accuracy and Precision?As the story goes, the legendary marksman（神射手）William Tell was forced into a cruel challenge by a corrupt lord. William's son was to be killed unless William could shoot an apple off his head. William succeeded, but let's imagine two variations on the tale.In the first variation, the lord hires a guy to steal William's trusty crossbow（弩）, so he is forced to borrow a worse one from a peasant. However, the borrowed crossbow isn't adjusted perfectly, andWilliam finds that his practice shots cluster in a tight spread beneath the bullseye（靶心）. Fortunately, he has time to correct for it before it's too late.Variation two: William begins to doubt his skills in the long hours before the challenge and his hand develops a shake. His practice shots still cluster around the apple but in a random pattern. Occasionally, he hits the apple, but with the wobble（抖动）, there is no guarantee of a bullseye.At the heart of these variations are two terms often used TAL#NBSP interchangeably: accuracy and precision. The distinction between the two is actually critical for many scientific endeavours. Accuracy involves how close you come to the correct result. Your accuracy improves with tools that are calibrated （校准）correctly and that you're well-trained on. Precision, on the other hand, is how consistently you can get that result using the same method. Your precision improves with more finely increased tools that require less estimation.You can probably get away with low accuracy or low precision in everyday tasks. But engineers and researchers often require accuracy on microscopic levels with a high certainty of being right every time. Factories and labs increase precision through better equipment and more detailed procedures. These improvements can be expensive, so managers must decide what the acceptable uncertainty for each project is.However, investments in precision can take us beyond what was previously possible, even as far as Mars. It may surprise you that NASA does not know exactly where their probes are going to touch down on another planet. Predicting where they will land requires extensive calculations fed by measurements that don't always have a precise answer. Computer simulators run thousands of different landing scenarios, mixing and matching values for all of the variables. Weighing all the possibilities, the computer spits out the potential area of impact in the form of a landing ellipse（椭圆）.In 1976, the landing ellipse for the Mars Viking Lander was 62 x 174 miles, nearly the area of New Jersey. With such a limitation, NASA had to ignore many interesting but risky landing areas. Since then, new information about the Martian atmosphere, improved spacecraft technology, and more powerful computer simulations have drastically reduced uncertainty. In 2012, the landing ellipse for the Curiosity Lander was only 4 miles wide by 12 miles long, an area more than 200 times smaller than Viking's. This allowed NASA to target a specific spot in Gale Crater, a previously un-landable area of high scientific interest.While we ultimately strive for accuracy, precision reflects our certainty of reliably achieving it. With these two principles in mind, we can shoot for the stars and be confident of hitting them every time.(1) The stolen crossbow was an example of because William got the same wrong result each time he fired.A. accuracy without precisionB. precision without accuracyC. both accuracy and precisionD. neither accuracy nor precision(2) What does the underlined word "TAL#NBSP interchangeably" in the fourth paragraph mean?A. repeatedlyB. increasinglyC. switchablyD. differently(3) What can be inferred from the passage?A. Investments in precision are too expensive to be possible.B. People can get rid of low accuracy and low precision in everyday life.C. Gale Crater was not landed in the past because it was of low scientific interest.D. The landing place of Curiosity Lander can be more accurately predicted than that of Viking's.(4) What does the author think of accuracy and precision?A. Precision, instead of accuracy, is our ultimate goalB. Accuracy reflects our certainty of reliably achieving precision.C. The pursuit of both accuracy and precision helps us achieve our goal.D. The difference between accuracy and precision is not important at all四、七选五21、【来源】 2018年北京海淀区北京大学附属中学高三零模第51~55题10分2017~2018学年北京房山区北京市师范大学良乡附属中学高二上学期期末第31~35题7.5分2016年北京丰台区高三一模第71~75题10分Rhythm of LifeChoosing the right time to sleep, the correct moment to make decisions, the best hour to eat—and even go into hospital—could be your key to perfect health.Centuries after man discovered the rhythms（节奏、韵律）of the planets and the cycles of crops, scientists have learned that we too live by precise rhythms that govern everything from our basic bodily functions to mental skills. Man is a prisoner of time.But it's not just the experts who are switching on to the way our bodieswork.1Prince Charles consults a chart which tells him when he will be at his peak on a physical, emotional and intellectual level. Boxer Frank Bruno is another who charts his bio-rhythms to plan for big fights.2Sleep, blood pressure, hormone levels and heartbeat all follow their own clocks, which may bear only slight relation to our man-made 24-hour cycle.Research shows that in laboratory experiments when social signals and, most importantly, light indicators such as dawn are taken away, people lose touch with the 24-hour clock and sleeping patterns change. Temperature and heartbeat cycles lengthen and settle into "days"lasting about 25 hours.In the real world, light and dark keep adjusting internal clock to the 24-hour day. But the best indicator of performance is body temperature. As it falls from a 10 p.m. high of 37.2℃ to a pre-dawn low of 36.1℃, mental functions fall too.3The most famous example is the nuclear accident at Three Mile Island in the US. The three operators in the control room worked alternating（交替的）weeks of day, evening and nightshifts.4Investigators believe this caused the workers to overlook a warning light and fail to close an open valve.Finding the secret of what makes us tick has long fascinated scientists and work done over the last decade has yielded important clues.5For example, the time we eat may be important if we want to maximize intellectual or sporting performance. There is already evidence suggesting that the time when medicine is given to patients affects how well it works.A. The rhythm of life is a slight beat.B. The aim is to help us become more efficient（高效的）.C. Jenny Hope claims to have tested their body clocks to the limit.D. This is a key reason why shift work can cause so many problems.E. Experts say every aspect of human bodies is influenced by daily rhythms.F. Many people study the state of their bio-rhythms before making their daily plans.G. Such a dangerous combination never gave their bodies' natural rhythms a chance to settle down.五、书面表达22、【来源】 2018年北京海淀区北京大学附属中学高三零模第56题15分假如你是李华，你的英国笔友Chris来信让你介绍你最喜欢的中国健身项目，请你根据以下提示，给他写封电子邮件，内容如下：1. 何时开始喜欢此项运动和原因；2. 现在练习的情况；3. 给你带来的益处。
