2001届-2018届北京市18年高考英语真题试卷题型分类专题汇编--阅读理解A篇--学生版(已校对)

2018 年北京高考英语试题第I 卷第一部分：听力理解（共三节：30 分）第一节（共 5 小题；每题 1.5 分，共 7.5 分）第二部分：知识运用（共两节，45 分）（略）第一节单项填空（共15 小题；每题 1 分，共 15 分）从每题所给的ABCD 四个选项中，选出能够填入空白处的最正确选项，并在答题卡大将该项涂黑。

例： It’ s so nice to hear from her again. , we last met more than thirty years ago.A. What ’ s moreB. That ’ s to sayC. In other wordsD. Believe it or not答案是 D。

21.______the early flight, we ordered a taxi in advance and got up very early.A. CatchingB. CaughtC. To catchD. Catch22.----Did you enjoy the party?----Yes. We ______well by our hosts.A. Were treatedB. Would be treatedC. TreatedD. Had treated23.The park was full of people, ______themselves in the sunshine .A. Having enjoyedB. EnjoyedC. EnjoyingD. To enjoy24.Opposite is St.Paul ’sChurch, ______you can hear some lovely music.A. WhichB. ThatC. WhenD. Where25.He is shy man, ____ he is not afraid of anything or anyone.A. soB. butC. orD. as26.In the last few years, chine ____ great achievements in environmental protection.A. Has madeB. Had madeC. Was makingD. Is making27. ----Did you have difficulty finding Ann’shouse?---- Not really. She ____ us clear directions and we were able to find it easily.A. was to give B had given C was giving D would give28.You won ’tfind paper cutting difficult _____you keep practicing it.A. even ifB. as long as C .as if D. ever since29.—Can ’tyou stay a little longer?—It’sgetting late. I really _____go now, My daughter is home alone.A .mayB .canC . mustD .dare30.—Dr. Jackson is not in his office at the moment.— All right. I____ him later.A. will callB. have calledC. call D will be calling31.If ___for the job, you’llbe informed soon.A .to accept B. accept C. accepting D. accepted32._____the damage is dooe, it will take many years for the farmland to recover.A.UntillB.UnlessC. OnceD.Although33.I truly believe ______beauty comes from within.A. thatB.whereC. whatD.why34.If I _____it with my own eyes ,I wouldn’thave believed it.A .didn ’tsee B.weren ’tseeing C. Wouldn ’tsee D.hadn ’tseen35._____we understand things has a lot to do with what we feel.A. WhereB.HowC.WhyD. When第二节完形填空（共20 小题；每题 1.5 分，共30 分）阅读下边短文，掌握其粗心，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最正确选项，并在答题卡上讲该项涂黑。

第二节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分, 满分30分）阅读下面短文, 掌握其大意, 然后从36-55各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中, 选出最佳选项。

People do not analyse every problem they meet. Sometimes they try to remember a solution from the last time they had a____26____ problem. They often accept the opinion or ideas of other people. Other times they begin to act without____27____; they try to find a solution by trial and error ____28____, when all of these methods____29____, the person with a problem has to start analyzing. There are six ____30____ in analyzing a problem.____31____ the person must recognize that there is a problem. For example, Sam's bicycle is broken, and he cannot ride it to class as he usually does.Sam must ____32____ that there is a problem with his bicycle.Next the person must ____33____ the problem. Before Sam can repair his bicycle, he must know why it does not work. For example, he must ____34____ the parts that are wrong.Now the person must look for ____35____ that will make the problem clearer and lead to ____36____ solutions. For example, suppose Sam ____37____ that his bike does not work because there is some thing wrong with the brakes. ____38____. he can look in his bicycle repair book and read about brakes, ____39____ his friends at the bike shop, or look at his brakes carefully.After ____40____ the problem, the person should have ____41____ suggestions for a possible solution. Take Sam as an example ____42____, his suggestions might be: tighten or loosen the brakes; but new brakes and change the old ones.In the end, one ____43____ seems to be the solution ____44____ the problem. Sometimes the ____45____ idea comes quite ____46____ because the thinker suddenly sees something new or sees something in a ____47____ way. Sam, for example, suddenly sees there is a piece of chewing gum(口香糖)stuck to a brake. He ____48____ hits on the solution to his problem: he must____49____ the brake.Finally the solution is ____50____. Sam does it and finds his bicycle works perfectly. In short he has solved the problem.26.A.serious ual C.similar mon27.A.practice B.thinking C.understanding D.help28.A.Besides B.Instead C.Otherwise D.However29.A.fail B.work C.change D.develop30.A.ways B.conditions C.stages D.orders31.A.First ually C.In general D.Most importantly32.A.explain B.prove C.show D.see33.A.judge B.find C.describe D.face34.A.check B.determine C.correct D.recover35.A.answers B.skills C.explanation rmation36.A.possible B.exact C.real D.special37.A.hopes B.argues C.decides D.suggests38.A.In other words B.Once in a while C.First of all D.At this time39.A.look for B.talk to C.agree with D.depend on40.A.discussing B.settling down paring with D.studying41.A.extra B.enough C.several D.countless42.A.secondly B.again C.also D.alone43.A.suggestion B.conclusion C.decision D.discovery44.A.with B.into C.for D.to45.A.next B.clear C.final D.new46.A.unexpectedly te C.clearly D.often47.A.simple B.different C.quick D.sudden48.A.fortunately B.easily C.clearly D.immediately49.A.clean B.separate C.loosen D.remove50.A.recorded pleted C.tested D.accepted第二节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分, 满分30分）阅读下面短文, 掌握其大意, 然后从36-55各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中, 选出最佳选项。

绝密★启用前2018年普通高等学校全国统一考试（北京卷）英语本试卷共16页，共150分。

考试时间为120分钟。

考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。

考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第一部分：听力理解（共三节：30 分）第一节（共 5 小题；每小题 1.5 分，共 7.5 分）听下面5段对话。

每段对话后有一道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。

听完每段对话后，你将有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题，每段对话你将听一遍。

1.What does the man want to borrow?A.A pencil.B.An eraser.C.A pen.2.What is the woman doing now?A.Eating.B.Going home.C.Having group study.3.What does the man have for earthquake preparation?A.A candle.B.A radio.C.A flashlight.4.Where does the conversation most probably take place?A.In a bank.B. In a hotel.C.In a store.5.Where will the man go for his holiday?A.Brazil.B.Denmark.C.Greece.第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）听下面4段对话或独白。

每段对话或独白后有几道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。

听每段对话或独白前，你将有5秒钟的时间阅读每小题。

听完后，每小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。

每段对话或独白你将听两遍。

听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。

6.When does the supermarket close on Sundays?A.At 5:00 pm.B.At 7:00 pm.C. At 8:00 pm.7.What have the two speakers decided to do now?A.Go shopping.B.Take a walk.C.Have dinner听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。

第三部分：阅读理解(共25小题。

A节每小题2分, B节每小题1分;满分45分)阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的四个选项中, 选出一个最佳答案。

AEvery year thousands of tourists visit Pompeii, Italy. They see the sights that Pompeii is famous for--its stadium(运动场)and theaters, its shops and restaurants. The tourists do not, however, see Pompeii's people. They do not see them because Pompeii has no people. No one has lived in Pompeii for almost 2000 years.Once, Pompeii was a busy city of 22000 people. It lay at the foot of Mount Vesuvius, a grass-covered volcano(火山).Mount Vesuvius had not erupted (喷发)for centuries, so the people of Pompeii felt safe. But they were not.In August of AD 79, Mount Vesuvius erupted. The entire top of the mountain exploded, and a huge black cloud rose into the air. Soon stones and hot ash began to fall on Pompeii. When the eruption ended two days later, Pompeii was buried under 20 feet of stones and ashes. Almost all of its people were dead.For centuries, Pompeii lay buried under stone and ash.Then, in the year 1861, an Italian scientist named Ginseppe began to uncover Pompeii. Slowly, carefully, Ginseppe and his men dug. The city looked almost the same as it had looked in AD 79. There were streets and fountains, houses and shops. There was a stadium with 20000 seats. Perhaps the most important of all, there were everyday objects, which tell us a great deal about the people who lived in Pompeii. Many glasses and jars had some dark blue colour in the bottom, so we know that the people of Pompeii liked wine. They liked bread, too; metal bread pans were in every bakery. In one bakery there were 81 round, flat loaves of bread- a type of bread that is still sold in Italy today. Tiny boxes filled with a dark, shiny powder tell us that women like to wear eye-makeup.Ginseppe has died, but his work continues. One-fourth has not been uncovered yet. Scientists are still digging, still making discoveries that draw the tourists to Pompeii.51.Why do large numbers of people come to Pompeii each year?A.To visit the volcanoB.To shop and eat there.C.To watch sports and playsD.To see how Pompeiians lived.52.Why had so many Pompeiians remained by volcanic Mount Vesuvius?A.The city nearby offered ll kinds of fun.B.The area produced the finest wine in Italy.C.Few people expected the volcano to erupt again.D.The mountain was beautiful and covered with grass.53.Why did the city uncovered look almost the same as it had looked in AD 79?A.Because Ginseppe and his men dug it slowly and carefully.B.Because the city was buried alive and remained untouched.C.Because scientists successfully rebuilt the city with everyday objects.D.Because nobody had lived in the city ever since the volcano erupted.54.What do we know about the Pompeiians who lived 2000 years ago?A.They lived more or less the same as Italians now do.B.They liked women wearing all kinds of makeup.C.They enjoyed a lazy life with drinking and eating.D.They went back to Pompeii after the eruption in AD 79.Keys: 51-54 DCBA第三部分：阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2分, 满分40分）阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项。

第三部分：阅读理解(共25小题。

A节每小题2分, B节每小题1分;满分45分)阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的四个选项中, 选出一个最佳答案。

CI'm seventeen. I had worked as a box boy at a supermarket in Los Angeles. People came to the counter and you put things in their bags for them. And carried things to their cars. It was hard work.While working, you wear a plate with your name on it. I once met someone I knew years ago.I remembered his name and said,“Mr Castle, how are you?”We tal ked about this and that. As he left, he said,“I t was nice talking to you, Brett.”I felt great, he remembered me. The n I looked down at my name plate. Oh no. He didn't remember me at all, he just read the name plate. I wish I had put“Irving”down on my name plate. If he'd have said,“Oh yes, Irving, how could I forget you?”I'd have been ready for him. There's nothing personal here.The manager and everyone else who were a step above above the box boys often shouted orders. One of these was：you couldn't accept tips(小费).Okay, I'm outside and I put the bags in the car. For a lot of people, the natural reaction(反应)is to take a quarter and give it me. I'd say,“I'm sorry, I can't”They'd get angry. When you give someone a tip,you're sort of being polite. You take a q uarter and you put it in their hand and you expect them to say,“Oh, thanks a lot.”When you say,“I'm sorry, I can't”they feel a little put down. They say,“No one will know.”And they put it in your pocket. You say,“I really can't”It gets to a point where you almost have to hurt a person physically(身体上)to prevent him from tipping you. It was not in agreement with the store's belief in being friendly. Accepting tips was a friendly thing and made the customer feel good. I just couldn't understand the strangeness of some people's ideas. One lady actually put it in my pocket, got in the car, and drove away. I would have had to throw the quarter at her or eaten it or something.I had decided that one year was enough. Some people needed the job to stay alive and fed. I guess I had the means and could afford to hate it and give it up.60.What can be the best title for this text?A.How Hard Life is for Box BoysB.Getting along with CustomersC.Why I Gave up My JobD.The Art of Taking Tips61.Form the second paragraph, we can infer that________.A.the writer didn't like the impersonal part of his jobB.with a name plate, people can easily start talkingC.Mr Castle mistook Irving for BrettD.Irving was the writer's real name62.The box boy refused to accept tips because_______.A.customers only gave small tipsB.some customers had strange ideas about tippingC.the store forbade the box boys to take tipsD.he didn't want to fight with the customers63.The underlined phrase“put down”in the third paragraph probably means_______.A.misunderstoodB.defeatedC.hatefulD.hurtKeys: 60-63 CACD第三部分：阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2分, 满分40分）阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项。

2018北京高考英语试题及答案（完整版）【3】2018北京高考英语答案：第一部分：知识运用(共两节，45分)第一节单项填空(共15小题;每小题1分，共15分)1. C2. C3. B4. B5. A6. B7. B8. A9. D 10. A11. C 12. C 13. D 14. A 15. D第二节完形填空(共20小题;每小题1.5分，共39分)16. C 17. B 18. A 19. C 20. D 21. A 22. B 23. D 24. A 25. C26. A 27. B 28. D 29. A 30. D 31. B 32. B 33. D 34. C 35. C第二部分：阅读理解(共两节，40分)36. C 37. C 38. A 39. B 40. A 41. D 42. B 43. C 44. B 45. D46. C 47. A 48. D 49. A 50. B 51. F 52. G 53. E 54. A 55. D第三部分：书面表达(共两节，35分)第一节 (15分)Dear Jim,I’m so glad to hear your future education plan in Beijing in your last letter. First I would like to express my warmest welcome to you and I am sure you will have the most unforgettable experience during your college in Beijing.Learning your keen interest in Chinese culture, I suggest you apply for Peking University, one of the best universities in China. Its Chinese Literature major is perfect for you where you can be completely soaked in Chinese profound history and rich culture. As for preparation, some reading in advance in needed like The Story of the Stone while some online courses of spoken Chinese can be helpful for you to adapt into the Chinese language environment.I sincerely hope your dream wi ll come true and it’s my pleasure to show you around in Beijing when that day comes. Ifyou have further questions, please feel free to let me know.Yours,Li Hua第二节 (20分)Last week, we took the foreign students in our school to experience the authentic tea culture, which turned out be to extremely rewarding.zxxkOn arriving at the tea house, the foreign students were impressed by the unique tea pots and tea cups. I gave them a vivid and informative introduction of tea culture, including its profound history, its rich variety, and the exquisite craftsmanship of making tea with their interest greatly sparked, I then began to teach them how to make tea.In order to deliver a clear presentation, I slowly explained the traditional procedure of making tea in detail. Absorbed in every move of mine, the foreign students were once again amazed by this unique culture and they couldn’t help taking pictures from time to time.Next came the moment when I asked them to have a try themselves. Washing the tea pots, adding tea leaves, and pouring water into the cups, they followed my instructions and were really immersed in charming tea culture. The tea house witnessed a really enjoyable time for all of us.At the end of the activity, holding the tea bags in our hands, we took a picture to memorize the unforgettable day. It suddenly hit me that traditional culture like tea culture was of great charm and huge value. And I swelled with pride to spread our own culture to people all over the world.。

第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，共30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

AOdland remembers like it was yesterday working in an expensive French restaurant in Denver. The ice cream he was serving fell onto the white dress of a rich and important woman.Thirty years have passed, but Odland can‟t get the memory out of his mind, nor the woman‟s kind reaction. She was shocked, regained calmness and, in a kind voice, told the young Odland. “It‟s OK. It wasn‟t your fault.” When she left the restaurant, she also left the future Fortune 500 CEO (总裁) with a life lesson: You can tell a lot about a person by the way he or she treats the waiter.Odland isn‟t the only CEO to have made this discovery. Rather, it seems to be one of those few laws of the land that every CEO learns on the way up. It‟s hard to get a dozen CEOs to agree about anything, but most agree with the Waiter Rule. They say how others treat the CEO says nothing. But how others treat the waiter is like a window into the soul.Watch out for anyone who pulls out the power card to say something like, “I could buy this place and fire you,” or “I know the owner and I could have you fired.” Those who say such things have shown more about their character than about their wealth and power.The CEO who came up with it, or at least first wrote it down, is Raytheon CEO Bill Swanson. He wrote a best-selling book called, Swanson’s Unwritten Rules of Management.“A person who is nice to you but rude to the waiter, or to others, is not a nice person,” Swanson says. “I will never offer a job to the person who is sweet to the boss but turns rude to someone cleaning the tables.”56. What happened after Odland dropped the ice cream onto the woman‟s dress?A. The woman left the restaurant at once.B. The woman comforted him.C. He was blamed.D. He was fired.57. Odland learned one of his life lessons from ________.A. an interesting best-selling bookB. the advice given by the CEOsC. an article in FortuneD. his experience as a waiter58. According to the text, most CEOs have the same opinion about __________.A. Fortune 500 companiesB. the Management RulesC. the Waiter RuleD. Swanson‟s book59. From the text we can learn that __________.A. one should respect others no matter who they areB. CEOs often have meals in expensive restaurantsC. CEOs often show their power before othersD. one should be nicer to important peopleKeys: 56-59 BDCA第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，共30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

2018年北京高考英语真题及答案本试卷共14页，共120分。

考试时长100分钟。

考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。

考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第一部分：知识运用（共两节，45分）第一节单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，共15分）从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

例：It’s so nice to hear from her again. _________, we last met more than thirt y years ago.A. What’s moreB. That’s to sayC. In other wordsD. Believe it or not答案是D。

1. —Hi, I’m Peter. Are you new here? I haven’t seen you around.—Hello, Peter. I’m Bob. I just _________ on Monday.A. startB. have startedC. startedD. had started2. _________ we don’t stop climate change, many animals and plants in the world will be gone.A. AlthoughB. WhileC. IfD. Until3. _________ along the old Silk Road is an interesting and rewarding experience.A. TravelB. TravelingC. Having traveledD. Traveled4. Susan had quit her well-paid job and _________ as a volunteer in the neighborhood when I visited her last year.A. is workingB. was workingC. has workedD. had worked5. She and her family bicycle to work, _________ helps them keep fit.A. whichB. whoC.asD. that6. During the Mid-Autumn Festival, family members often gather together _________a meal, admire the moon and enjoy moon cakes.A. shareB. to shareC. having sharedD. shared7. China’s high-speed railways _________ from 9,000 to 25,000 kilometers in the past few years.A. are growingB. have grownC. will growD. had grown8. In any unsafe situation, simply _________ the button and a highly-trained agent will get you the help you need.A. pressB. to pressC. pressingD. pressed9. A rescue worker risked his life saving two tourists who _________ in the mountains for two days.A. are trappingB. have been trappedC. were trappingD. had been trapped10. Ordinary soap, _________ correctly, can deal with bacteria effectively.A. usedB. to useC. usingD. use11. Without his support, we wouldn’t be _________ we are now.A. howB. whenC. whereD. why12. In today’s information age, th e loss of data _________ cause serious problems for a company.A. needB. shouldC. canD. must13. They might have found a better hotel if they _________ a few more kilometers.A. droveB. would driveC. were to driveD. had driven14. —G ood morning, Mr. Lee’s office.—Good morning. I’d like to make an appointment _________ next Wednesday afternoon.A. forB. onC. inD. at15. This is _________ my father has taught me—to always face difficulties and hope for the best.A. howB. whichC. thatD. what第二节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，共30分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

第三部分：阅读理解(共25小题。

A节每小题2分, B节每小题1分;满分45分)阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的四个选项中, 选出一个最佳答案。

BWhen I was a boy, I belonged to the Boy Scouts(童子军), so I used to go camping every summer, and once something happened which I have never been able to explain.We were camping in a place above a river. After arriving, we all rushed down to the river had a swim. Standing by the river, we noticed that it was surrounded(环绕)by cliffs (悬崖). If someone wanted to reach the river at this point, he had to walk past our camp.Several days later, the scoutmaster had to he away for a day. That afternoon, we had supper early. We were sitting round the fire, eating and talking, when a man walked past and went down towards the river. We all felt that this man looked very strange, but, because each of us was afraid of looking very stupid, no one said anything.We ate rather slowly, taking as long as possible. After finishing, we collected our plates together so that we could take them to the river where we always washed them. But no one moved towards the river- we stood looking at each other ashamed. Then all shouting at once, we began talking about the man who had walked past us. We agreed how strange he looked and we wondered what he could be doing by the river. We knew that he could only return by passing through our camp.An hour passed. Then one of the boys suggested we should creep(悄悄移动)down by the river so that we could see what the man was doing. Moving very slowly and keeping in the shadow, we crept down towards the bank.One boy climbed a tree so that he could see everything clearly. He called to us that there was no one there, so we ran down to the bank, looking every-where carefully. We could not understand where the man had gone.When it got dark, we went back to our camp feeling bewildered. We told the scoutmaster what had happened in the evening. Smiling, he doubted that we had seen the man, but finally suggested we go and look again. We did, but there was no one there.Many years have passed, but I still remember it as if it were yesterday. What did we see? I do not know.55.The writer in the text mainly tells us _________.A.the story of his childhoodB.a strange camping experienceC.about a stranger by the riverD.about a good place for camping.56.Why did the boys eat their supper slowly?A.They wanted to delay going to the river bank.B.They were waiting for their scoutmaster.C.They had a supper earlier than usual.D.They were taking while eating.57.The word“bewildered”in the text probably means _________.A.ashamedB.nervousC.unable to understandD.eager to know something58.When he heard what had happened, the scoutmaster __________.A.realized who the man wasB.started to worry about the manC.went back to look for the canD.felt it hard to believe the boys59.The writer still remembers the event because________.A.the boys acted foolishlyB.the camping place is beautifulC.there has been no explanation for the eventD.he particularly enjoyed his camping that summer.Keys: 55-59 BACDC第三部分：阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2分, 满分40分）阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项。

第二部分阅读理解（共两节，40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分;：共30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

CWhat Cocktail Parties Teach UsYou’re at a party. Music is playing. Glasses are clinking. Dozens of conversations are driving up the decibel (分贝) level. Yet among all those distractions, you can tune your attention to just one voice from many. This ability is what researchers call the “cocktail-party effect.”Scientists at the University of California in San Francisco have found where that sound-editing process occurs in the brain—in the auditory cortex (听觉皮层) just behind the ear, not in areas of higher thought. The auditory cortex boosts some sounds and turns down others so that when the signal reaches the higher brain, “it’s as if only one person was speaking alone,” says investigator Edward Chang.These findings, published in the journal Nature last week, explain why people aren’t very good at multitasking-our brains are wired for “selective attention” and can focus o n only one thing at a time. That inborn ability has helped humans survive in a world buzzing with visual and auditory stimulation (刺激). But we keep trying to push the limit with multitasking, sometimes with tragic consequences. Drivers talking on cellphones, for example, are four times as likely to get into traffic accidents as those who aren’t.Many of those accidents are due to “inattentional blindness”, in which people can, in effect, turn a blind eye to things they aren’t focusing on. The more attention a task demands, the less attention we can pay to other things in our field of vision. Images land on our retinas (视网膜) and are either boosted or played down in the visual cortex before being passed to the brain, just as the auditory cortex filters sounds, as shown in the Nature study last week. “It’s a push-pull relationship-the more we focus on one thing, the less we can focus on others,” says Diane M. Beck, an associate professor of psychology at the University of Illinois.Studies over the past decade a t the University of Utah show’ that drivers talking on hands-free cellphones are just as influenced as those on hands-held phones because it is the conversation, not the device that is distracting their attention. Those talking on any kind ofcellphone react more slowly and miss more traffic signals than other motorists.Some people can train themselves to pay extra attention to things that are important — like police officers learn to scan crowds for faces and conductors can listen for individual instruments within the orchestra as a whole. Many more think they can effectively multitask, but are actually shifting their attention rapidly between two things and not getting the full effect of either, experts say.43. What have scientists in University of Cali fornia found about “the cocktail-party effect”？A. Usually there is only one person who is speaking alone.B. All kinds of annoying sounds drive up the decibel level.C. The higher brain processes sounds and images selectively.D. Sounds are sorted out before reaching the higher brain,44. What do we learn from the passage?A. We are biologically incapable of multitasking.B. We survive distractions in life by multitasking,C. We cannot multitask without extra attention.D. We benefit from pushing the limit with multitasking.45. Which of the following is an example of “inattentional blindness”？A. A careless driver lost his eyesight after a car accident.B. Police scanned the crowds and located the criminal.C. A manager talked on a hands-free phone with his client,D. A pedestrian had a car accident because of phubbing.46. The main purpose of the passage is to .A. compare and contrastB. inform and explainC. argue and discussD. examine and evaluateKeys: 43-46 DADD第二部分阅读理解（共两节，40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分;：共30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

绝密★启用前2018年普通高等学校全国招生统一考试（北京卷）英语本试卷共16页，共150分。

考试时长120分钟。

考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。

考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第一部分：听力理解(共三节，30分)第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。

每段对话后有一道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。

听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对话你将听一遍。

例：What is the man going to read?A．A newspaper. B．A magazine. C．A book.答案是A。

1．When will the film start?A．At 5:00. B．At 6:00. C．At 7:00.2．Which club will the man join?A．The film club. B．The travel club. C．The sports club.3．What was the weather like in the mountains yesterday?A．Sunny. B．Windy. C．Snowy.4．What does the man want to cut out of paper?A．A fish. B．A bird. C．A monkey.5．Where does the conversation most probably take place?A．In a library. B．At a bookstore. C．In a museum.第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，15分）听下面4段对话或独白。

每段对话或独白后有几道小题，从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。

听每段对话或独白前，你将有5秒钟的时间阅读每小题。

听完后，每小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。

第三部分：阅读理解(共25小题。

A节每小题2分, B节每小题1分;满分45分)阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的四个选项中, 选出一个最佳答案。

DYou are what you eat. This saying has provided scientists with clues(线索)about the diet of hominids-our early relatives of 3 million years ago.Studying carbon atoms(碳原子)locked up in tooth enamel(珐琅质),two researchers argue against the widely held belief that hominids ate little more than fruits and leaves. Sponheimer and Julia Lee-Thorp of the University of Cape Tomn, South Africa, report their findings in Friday's Science.There aren't many clues for us to know the life of early hominids. The shape of hominids' teeth offered the first clues. Large and flat-edged with thick enamel, they looked perfect for eating nuts and fruits, different from the sharp teeth one would want to tear into meat with. The first stone tools. Which would help in eating meat, didn't appear until about half a million years later.Scientists have also found marks on hominids' teeth with patterns very similar to those on the teeth of modern-day fruit eaters. Sponheimer and Lee-Thorp tried a new method, looking at the chemical composition of the tooth enamel. They studied the enamel for the carbon-13. Ani-mals that eat grasses have higher carbon-13 levels than those eating fruits and other plants.What they found was that the teeth of the hominids had an in-between amount of carbon-13, which meant not only they were eating fruits, they were eating a lot of grasses, or animals eating grasses. The lower carbon-13 levels could also come from eating certain types of insects(昆虫)。

绝密★启用前2018年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语（北京卷）（考试时间：100分钟试卷满分：120分）考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。

考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第一部分：知识运用（共两节，45分）第一节单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，共15分）从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

例：It’s so nice to hear from her again. _________, we last met more than thirty years ago.A. What’s moreB. That’s to sayC. In other wordsD. Believe it or not答案是D。

1. —Hi, I’m Peter. Are you new here? I haven’t seen you around?—Hello, Peter. I’m Bob. I just _________ on Monday.A. startB. have startedC. startedD. had started2. _________ we don’t stop climate change, many animals and plants in the world will be gone.A. AlthoughB. WhileC. IfD. Until3. _________ along the old Silk Road is an interesting and rewarding experienceA. TravelB. TravelingC. Having traveledD. Traveled4. Susan had quit her well-paid job and _________ as a volunteer in the neighborhood when I visited her last year.A. is workingB. was workingC. has workedD. had worked5. She and her family bicycle to work, _________ helps them keep fit.A. whichB. whoC.asD. that6. During the Mid-Autumn Festival, family members often gather together _________ a meal, admire the moon and enjoy moon cakes.A. shareB. to shareC. having sharedD. shared7. China’s high-speed railways _________ from 9,000 to 25,000 kilometers in the past few years.A. are growingB. have grownC. will growD. had grown8. In any unsafe situation, simply _________ the button and a highly-trained agent will get you the help you need.A. pressB. to pressC. pressingD. pressed9. A rescue worker risked his life saving two tourists who _________ in the mountains for two days.A. are trappingB. have been trappedC. were trappingD. had been trapped10. Ordinary soap, _________ correctly, can deal with bacteria effectively.A. usedB. to useC. usingD. use11. Without his support, we wouldn’t be _________ we are now.A. howB. whenC. whereD. why12. In today’s information age, the loss of data _________ cause serious problems for a company.A. needB. shouldC. canD. must13. They might have found a better hotel if they _________ a few more kilometers.A. droveB. would driveC. were to driveD. had driven14. —Good morning, Mr. Lee’s office.—Good morning. I’d like to make an appointment _________ next Wednesday afternoon.A. forB. onC. inD. at15. This is _________ my father has taught me—to always face difficulties and hope for the best.A. howB. whichC. thatD. what第二节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，共30分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

WORD 资料 .可编辑绝密★启用前 2018 年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语 ( 北京卷 )第一部分 :知识运用 (共两节 ,45 分 )第一节单项填空 (共 15 小题 ;每小题 1分 ,共 15 分 )从每题所给的A 、B 、C 、D 四个选中 ,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项 ,并在答题卡上 :将该项涂黑。

1. ---Hi, I ’m Peter. Are you new here? I haven ’tseen you around ？---Hello, Peter. I ’m Bob. I just ＿＿ on Monday. A. start B. have started C. started D. had started 2. __________we don ’tstop climate change, many animals and plants in the world will be gone. A.Although B. While C. If D. Until 3. __________along the old Silk Road is an interesting and rewarding experienceA. TravelB. TravelingC. Havingtraveled D. Traveled4. Susan had quit her well-paid job and ________as a volunteer in the neighborhood. when I visited her last year A. is working B. was working C. has worked D. had worked5. She and her family bicycle to work, __________ helps them keep fitA. whichB. whoC. asD. that6. D uring the Mid-Autumn Festival, family members often gather together__________a meal, admire the moon and enjoy moon cakes.A. shareB. to shareC. having sharedD. shared7. China ’s high-speed railways __________from 9,000 to 25,000 kilometers in the past few years.A. are growingB. have grownC. will growD. had grown8. In any unsafe situation, simply ________the button and a highly-trained agent will get you the help you need. A. pressB. to pressC. pressingD. pressed9. A rescue worker risked his life saving two tourists who __________in the mountains for two days.A. are trappingB. have been trappedC. were trappingD. had beentrapped 10. Ordinary soap, __________correctly, can deal with bacteria effectively.A. usedB. to useC. usingD. use 11. Without his support, we wouldn ’tbe__________ we are now. A. how B. when C. where D. why 12. In today ’s information age, the loss of data __________cause serious problems for a company.A. needB. shouldC. canD. must 13. They might have found a better hotel if they ＿＿ a few more kilometers. A. drove B. would drive C. were to drive D. had driven 14. ---Good morning, Mr. lee ’s office.---Good morning. I ’d like to make an appointment __________next Wednesday afternoon. A. for B. on C. in D. at15. This is__________my father has taught me-to always face difficulties and hope for the best.A. howB. whichC. theD. what 第二节完形填空（共20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，共 30 分）专业技术 .整理分享WORD 资料 .可编辑阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的 A 、B 、 C 、 D 四个选项中 ,选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上 将该项涂黑。

第三部分：阅读理解(共25小题。

A节每小题2分, B节每小题1分;满分45分)阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的四个选项中, 选出一个最佳答案。

DYou are what you eat. This saying has provided scientists with clues(线索)about the diet of hominids-our early relatives of 3 million years ago.Studying carbon atoms(碳原子)locked up in tooth enamel(珐琅质),two researchers argue against the widely held belief that hominids ate little more than fruits and leaves. Sponheimer and Julia Lee-Thorp of the University of Cape Tomn, South Africa, report their findings in Friday's Science.There aren't many clues for us to know the life of early hominids. The shape of hominids' teeth offered the first clues. Large and flat-edged with thick enamel, they looked perfect for eating nuts and fruits, different from the sharp teeth one would want to tear into meat with. The first stone tools. Which would help in eating meat, didn't appear until about half a million years later.Scientists have also found marks on hominids' teeth with patterns very similar to those on the teeth of modern-day fruit eaters. Sponheimer and Lee-Thorp tried a new method, looking at the chemical composition of the tooth enamel. They studied the enamel for the carbon-13. Ani-mals that eat grasses have higher carbon-13 levels than those eating fruits and other plants.What they found was that the teeth of the hominids had an in-between amount of carbon-13, which meant not only they were eating fruits, they were eating a lot of grasses, or animals eating grasses. The lower carbon-13 levels could also come from eating certain types of insects(昆虫)。

第二部分：英语知识运用第一节：单项填空（共25小题；每小题1分, 满分25分）从A、B、C、D四个选项中, 选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

（1-5小题从A、B、C、D 中找出其划线部分与所给单词的划线部分读音相同的选项。

）1. combA. doubtB. troubleC. clubD. lab2. cousinA. oughtB. ploughC. JuneD. rush3. worthyA. healthB. furtherC. clothD. through4. curtainA. fruitB. orderC. firmD. nervous5. heightA. eightB. ceilingC. fightD. lift6. --Write to me when you get home.--_________A. I mustB. I shouldC. I willD. I can7. Would you slow down a bit, please? I can't_______you.A. keep up withB. put up withC. make up toD. hold on to8. _______ at the door before entering pleaseA. KnockedB. To knockC. KnockingD. Knock9. The men will have to wait all day______ the doctor works faster.A. ifB. unlessC. whetherD. that10. Mr Smith, there's a man at _____ front door who says he has_______news for you of great importance.A. the;不填B. the;theC. 不填;不填D. 不填;the11. John said he'd been working in the office for an hour, _______ was true.A. heB. thisC. whichD. who12. Hundreds of jobs______ if the factory close.A. loseB. will be lostC. are lostD. will lose13. If this dictionary is not yours,_______can it be?A. what elseB. who elseC. which else'sD. who else's14. -Did you remember to give Mary the money you owed her?-Yes, I gave it to her_______I saw her.A. whileB. the momentC. suddenlyD. once15. I've won a holiday for two to Florida. I _______ my mum.A. am takingB. have takenC. takeD. will have taken16. -Why haven't you bought any butter?-I _______to but I forgot about it.A. likedB. wishedC. meantD. expected17. A new cinema_______here. They hope to finish it next month.A. will be builtB. is builtC. has been builtD. is being built18. I read a bout it in some book or other, does it matter_______it was?A. whereB. whatC. howD. which19. Many people have helped with canned food, however, the food bank needs_____for the poor.A. moreB. muchC. manyD. most20. Have a good rest, you need to _______your energy for the tennis match this afternoon.A. leaveB. saveC. holdD. get21. _______late in the morning, Bob turned off the alarm.A. To sleepB. SleepingC. SleepD. Having slept22. In that case, there is nothing you can do_______than wait.A. moreB. otherC. betterD. any23. I am surprised that you should have been fooled by such a (an)_______trick.A. ordinaryB. easyC. smartD. simple24. One learns a language by making mistakes and _______them.A. correctB. correctingC. correctsD. to correct25. _______can you expect to get a pay rise.A. With hard workB. Although work hardC. Only with hard workD. Now that he works hard第二部分：英语知识运用（共两节, 满分45分）第一节：单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分, 满分15分）从A、B、C、D四个选项中, 选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

2018年北京普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语本试卷共14页，共120分。

考试时长100分钟。

考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。

考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

学&科网第一部分：知识运用（共两节，45分）第一节单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，共15分）从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

例：It’s so nice to hear from her again. _________, we last met m ore than thirty years ago.A. What’s moreB. That’s to sayC. In other wordsD. Believe it or not答案是D。

1. —Hi, I’m Peter. Are you new here? I haven’t seen you around.—Hello, Peter. I’m Bob. I just _________ on Monday.A. startB. have startedC. startedD. had started2. _________ we don’t stop climate change, many animals and plants in the world will be gone.A. AlthoughB. WhileC. IfD. Until3. _________ along the old Silk Road is an interesting and rewarding experience.A. TravelB. TravelingC. Having traveledD. Traveled4. Susan had quit her well-paid job and _________ as a volunteer in the neighborhood when I visited her last year.A. is workingB. was workingC. has workedD. had worked5. She and her family bicycle to work, _________ helps them keep fit.A. whichB. whoC. asD. that6. During the Mid-Autumn Festival, family members often gather together _________ a meal, admire the moon and enjoy moon cakes.A. shareB. to shareC. having sharedD. shared7. China’s high-speed railways _________ from 9,000 to 25,000 kilometers in the past few years.A. are growingB. have grownC. will growD. had grown8. In any unsafe situation, simply _________ the button and a highly-trained agent will get you the help you need.A. pressB. to pressC. pressingD. pressed9. A rescue worker risked his life saving two tourists who _________ in the mountains for two days.A. are trappingB. have been trappedC. were trappingD. had been trapped10. Ordinary soap, _________ correctly, can deal with bacteria effectively.A. usedB. to useC. usingD. use11. Without his support, we wouldn’t be _________ we are now.A. howB. whenC. whereD. why12. In today’s info rmation age, the loss of data _________ cause serious problems for a company.A. needB. shouldC. canD. must13. They might have found a better hotel if they _________ a few more kilometers.A. droveB. would driveC. were to driveD. had driven14. —Good morning, Mr. Lee’s office.—Good morning. I’d like to make an appointment _________ next Wednesday afternoon.A. forB. onC. inD. at15. This is _________ my father has taught me—to always face difficulties and hope for the best.A. howB. whichC. thatD. what第二节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，共30分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

2018年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语(北京卷)第一部分:知识运用(共两节,45分)第一节单项填空(共15小题;每小题1分,共15分)从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项,并在答题卡上:将该项涂黑。

例： it's so nice to hear from her again＿＿，we last met more than thirty years ago.A. what's moreB. That’s to sayC. In other wordsD. Believe it or not答案是D。

1.-Hi, I'm Peter. Are you new here? I haven't seen you around？-Hello, Peter. I'm Bob. I just＿＿on Monday.A. startB. have startedC. startedD. had started2. ＿＿we don't stop climate change, many animals and plants in the world will be gone.A. AlthoughB. WhileC. If3. ＿＿along the old Silk Road is an interesting and rewarding experienceA. TravelB. TravelingC. Having traveledD. Traveled4. Susan had quit her well-paid job and ＿＿as a volunteer in the neighborhood. whenI visited her last yearA. is workingB. was workingC. has workedD. had worked5. She and her family bicycle to work, helps them keep fitA. whichB. whoC.asD. that6. During the Mid-Autumn Festival, family members often gather together＿＿a meal, admire the moon and enjoy moon cakes.A. shareB. to shareC. having shared7. China's high-speed railways from 9,000 to 25,000 kilometers in the pastfew years.A. are growingB. have grownC. will growD. had grown8. In any unsafe situation, simply＿＿the button and a highly-trained agent will get you the help you need.A. pressB. to pressC. pressingD. pressed9. A rescue worker risked his life saving two tourists who＿＿in the mountains for two days.A. are trappingB. have been trappedC. were trappingD. had been trapped10. Ordinary soap, ＿＿correctly, can deal with bacteria effectively.A. usedB. to useC. using11. Without his support, we wouldn't be＿＿we are now.A. howB. whenC. whereD. why12. In today's information age, the loss of data＿＿cause serious problems for a company.A. needB. shouldC. canD. must13. They might have found a better hotel if they＿＿a few more kilometers.A. droveB. would driveC. were to driveD. had driven14.-Good morning, Mr. lee's office.-Good morning. I'd like to make an appointment＿＿next Wednesday afternoon.A. forB. onC. in15. This is＿＿my father has taught me-to always face difficulties and hope for the best.A. howB. whichC. theD. what第二节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，共30分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。