英语中的省略(20200926060533)
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英语中的省略为了避免重复,英语句子中某些部分可以省略。
常见的省略有以下几种:一、状语从句中的省略在时间、条件、让步及比较状语从句中,如主句和从句主语一致(或从句主语是it),且从句含be动词时,可将从句中的主语和be动词省略,从而构成“连词+ 分词/形容词/副词/介词”结构。
这里常见的连词有when/while/as/if/unless/once/although/though/than等。
When (water is )heated, water is turned into vapor. 水加热时变成气体。
He works very hard though(he is)rather weak. 他尽管体弱,但他十分努力地工作。
He came earlier than(he had been)expected. 他来得比预料的要早。
考例:①The research is so designed that once ____ nothing can be done to change it.A. beginsB. having begunC. beginningD. begun②If you go to Xi' an, you will find the palaces there more magnificent than commonly ___ .A. supposingB. supposedC. to supposeD. suppose分析:①D。
once后省略了the research is begun ②B。
比较状语从句中的完整形式是:than they are commonly supposed。
二、并列结构的省略1.并列结构一般由and, or, but等连接,他们可以连接单词、短语或分句,其中相同成分出现时可以被省略。
One of the sides of the board should be painted yellow, and ____.A.the other is whiteB. another whiteC. the other whiteD. another is white选C。
英语中几种常用省略的用法总结省略在英语语言的应用非常广泛,其中有很多常用的省略用法。
下面总结一下以往常见的一些省略形式:一、表示未表达完整的缩写1、单字缩写。
如: is,>’s; has,>’s; have,>’ve;I,>I’m; he,>he’s; she,>she’s; do,>do’s;does,>does’s; am,>am’s2、多字缩写。
如:are not,>aren’t; cannot,>can’t; do not,>don’t; will not,>won’t; have not,>haven’t; would not,>wouldn’t; could not,>couldn’t; shouldnot,>shouldn’t; it is,>it’s; that is,>that’s; there is,>there’s二、表示不完整词组的省略1、定语从句中的省略。
如:(1) All the students (who are) present here are eager to study.(2) This is the reason (why) he decided to quit his job.2、表示概念的省略。
如:(1) TV and radio (programmes).(2) To do more exercise (is beneficial to your health).三、表示句子成分的省略1、宾语的省略。
如:(1) I like to read (books).(2) He gave me an answer (to my question).2、表语的省略。
如:(1) He is a teacher (of English).(2) The weather today is (very) hot.3、主语的省略。
英语中常见的省略省略是为了避免重复,突出新信息并使上下文紧密连接的一种语法修辞手段。
省略在语言中,尤其在对话中,是一种十分普遍的现象。
【词的省略】一.省略介词I spent two hours ( in ) playing basketball .二.省略连接词that在know , think , consider , suppose , find , believe ,say , decide ,等动词后的宾语从句中that可以省略;若带有多个宾语从句,只有第一个that可以省略,其余的不可以省略。
I believe ( that ) you will succeed .I’m sure(that)Mr. Smith will help you .注意:在宾语从句中,当有两个以上并列从句时,第一个that可以省略,以后的均不可省略。
He said ( that ) the text was very important and that we should learn it by heart .三.省略关系代词在限制性定语从句中,作宾语的关系代词that , which , who , whom可省略,非限制性定语从句中的关系词不能省略。
I will give you all ( that ) I have.Mike read the book ( which ) I bought yesterday .The girl ( who / whom / that ) the teacher spoke to is Lily .【句子成分的省略】一.省略主语。
如:Beg your pardon. ( Beg前省略了主语I )Take care ! ( Take前省略了主语you )Looks as if it is going to rain . ( Looks前省略了主语it )二.省略谓语。
英语中的各种“省略”一、简单句中的省略1. 省略主语1)祈使句中的主语通常被省略。
如:(You) Open the door,please.请开一下门。
2) 其它省略主语多限于现成的说法。
如:a) (I) Thank you for your help 谢谢你的帮助。
b) (It )Doesn’tmatter.没关系。
2. 省略主谓语或主谓语的一部分a) (There is) No smoking.禁止抽烟b) (Is there)anything else ? 还有其他事吗?c) (You come)This way please.请这边走。
d) (Will you) Have a smoke ? 抽烟吗?3. 省略宾语—Do you know Mr. Li ? 你认识李先生吗?—I don’t know (him.) 我不认识他4. 省略表语—Are you thirsty ? 你30岁了吗?Yes , I am (thirsty).是的,我是。
5. 同时省略几个成分—Are you feeling better now? 你觉得好些了吗?—(I am feeling ) Much better(now) 好多了。
(I wish) Good luck (to you) .祝你好运/祝你顺利。
二. 并列复合句中的省略在并列句中后边的分句可以省略与前边分句中相同的成分。
如:a) The boy picked up a coin in the road and (the boy ) handed it to a policeman.这个男孩在马路上拾起一枚硬币并把他交给了警察。
b) Your advice made me happy but(your advice made) Tom angry .你的建议使我高兴但使汤姆生气。
c) Tom must have been playing basketball and Mary (must have been)doing her homework.汤姆肯定一直在打篮球,玛丽一直在写作业。
英语中的省略现象在英语中,有时为了言简意赅,突出关键词语;有时为了避免重复;有时因为语法的客观要求,句子中的一个或几个成分不需要表达出来,这种现象称为省略。
英语中的省略要求不破坏语法结构,要保持句子意义的准确无误。
英语的省略大致有以下几种情况:(一)口头和书面语中为了言简意赅进行省略。
如:Glad to see you! (It’s glad to see you. 的省略,省略了主语和be动词)Lovely weather, isn’t it? (同样省略了主语和be动词)It’s such a warm day, why not go to swim in the river? (这种省略句比Why do you not go to swim in the river更地道。
)这种省略在使用时似乎需要一定的情景,也就是常和语境搭配。
How they are working! (他们工作多起劲啊!)Your pardon? = I beg your pardon.Who next? (Who comes next? 的省略,省略了谓语)在现代英语中,为了言简意赅省略小品词是一种语法要求。
如:The boss made his men work eighteen hours a day. 不定式中的to必须省略掉。
但是,该结构如果变成被动语态,to又必须加上去。
如:John was made to wash the truck for a week as a punishment. (1991年高考题)He spent three days doing the work. (动名词前的介词in通常省去)Excuse me (for) my poor hearing. (动名词前的介词for可省去)I think (that) physics is a difficult subject. (引导宾语从句的that 常省略)The film (which) we saw last night was wonderful. (定语从句中,关系代词作宾语常省略。
高中英语中的省略现象省略,是英语中比较常见的一种语法现象,它是对句子中的一个或几个句子成分进行省略,以使得语句更加简洁、概括、重点突出。
那么,在高中英语中有哪些常见的省略现象呢?下面,笔者从以下几个方面进行阐述。
1. 虚拟语气中的省略在if 引导的虚拟条件句中,若句子中有were,had,should 时,可以将if 省略,把were,had,should 提前,构成倒装。
Eg:If you had come here on time,you would not have missed the chance.省略为Had you come here on time,you would not have missed the chance.2. 名词性从句中的省略由一个坚持(insist),两个命令(order,command),三个建议(advise,suggest,propose),四个要求(ask,demand,require,request)引导的宾语从句以及这些动词的同源名词引导的同位语从句、主语或表语从句,都要采用虚拟语气,而从句中的谓语动词都为should + v.,should 可以省略。
The teachers suggest that we (should)handin homework on time.3. 状语从句中的省略分词作状语的本质是状语从句的省略,是省略了主语及be 的相应变化形式的从句。
Eg:When (you are)drinking to someone?蒺s health,you raise your glass but do not touch.4. 定语从句中的省略①关系代词的省略。
当先行词在从句中作宾语时,可以省略关系代词。
Eg:This is the factory (which / that)we visited last year.②非谓语动词作后置定语的本质是省略了关系代词及be 的相应变化形式的定语从句,相反,定语从句的被动语态、将来时、进行时都可以转化为相对应的非谓语动词作后置定语。
英文写作句型中省略的方法总结1、在并列句中,为了避免与第一个分句的相同内容重复,可采用省略谓语,而保留主语和表语或补足语等成分。
2、在定语从句中,当先行词在句中作宾语时,可省略关系代词that/whom.例如:They talked about the things and people (that) they remembered.The doctor did everything (that) he could to save the patient.3、宾语从句中的省略在含有动词“命令(order,command),建议(suggest,propose),要求(request,demand,require),坚持(insist)希望(desire)”等的名词性从句中,谓语动词通常用should+动词原形,而且should可被省掉。
例如:It is desired that this rule(should)be brought to the attention of the staff. They suggested that he (should) go on a summer camp.4、在表示时间、条件、地点、让步、方式或比较的状语从句中,如果包含动词be,从句中的主语与主句相同,或者从句的主语为it,就常常把从句中的主语和谓语的一部分(动词be)省略掉,只保留连词+现在分词/过去分词/形容词。
5、动词不定式的省略在上下文中,为了避免重复前面或后面出现的动词和动词短语,通常在一些包含有动词不定式的结构中,将动词不定式省略,只保留动词不定式符号to.例如:1)I can‘t stand as much as I used to.2)Jack didn’t pass the driving test,but he still hope to.3)Mary wanted to use your new bike,but I asked her not to.。
英语中省略现象高中英语语法之省略英语中省略现象较为普遍,对省略的考查已成为高考中的热点。
句子成分的省略,可分为以下几种情况:为了使话说得简明扼要,英语句子中某个单词、短语甚至从句或主句都可以省去。
Ⅰ、状语从句中的省略用法一、如果从句的主语和主句的主语一致,且从句的谓语含有be动词的某种形式(am/is/are/was/were),可同时省略从句的主语和be动词的某种形式。
1、when,while引导的时间状语从句e.g. Do be careful when (you are) crossing the street.When/While (I was) on my way to work, I met her.2、if,unless,once引导的条件状语从句e.g. If (it is) properly treated, waste will do no harm to the environment.I’ll not go to the party unless (I am) invited.Once (you are) caught stealing in a supermarket, you will be punished.3、though,although,whether,no matter whether/what/how/who等引导的让步状语从句e.g. He was happy, though/although (he was) poor.Whether (she is) sick or well, she is always cheerful.No matter how/However hard the task (is), we must fulfill it in time.(注:从句的主语和主句的主语不一致时,只省略从句中的be动词形式)4、as if,as though引导的方式状语从句e.g. He rubbed his eyes and yawned as if/though (he was) waking up after along sleep.He stood up as if/though (he wanted) to leave.(as if/though + to do表示一个将来的动作)二、than,as引导的比较状语从句中的省略用法:当不同的主语进行比较时,一般省略从句中的谓语;当从句中的主语与谓语(be动词除外)和主句中的主语与谓语相同时,通常省略从句中的主语和谓语,只保留比较部分。
英语中常见的省略省略是为了避免重复,突出新信息并使上下文紧密连接的一种语法修辞手段。
省略在语言中,尤其在对话中,是一种十分普遍的现象。
【词的省略】一.省略介词I spent two hours ( in ) playing basketball .二.省略连接词that在know , think , consider , suppose , find , believe ,say , decide ,等动词后的宾语从句中that可以省略;若带有多个宾语从句,只有第一个that可以省略,其余的不可以省略。
I believe ( that ) you will succeed .I’m sure(that)Mr. Smith will help you .注意:在宾语从句中,当有两个以上并列从句时,第一个that可以省略,以后的均不可省略。
He said ( that ) the text was very important and that we should learn it by heart .三.省略关系代词在限制性定语从句中,作宾语的关系代词that , which , who , whom可省略,非限制性定语从句中的关系词不能省略。
I will give you all ( that ) I have.Mike read the book ( which ) I bought yesterday .The girl ( who / whom / that ) the teacher spoke to is Lily .【句子成分的省略】一.省略主语。
如:Beg your pardon. ( Beg前省略了主语I )Take care ! ( Take前省略了主语you )Looks as if it is going to rain . ( Looks前省略了主语it )二.省略谓语。