Cultural Notes

文物铭牌作文英语Cultural Relic Inscriptions。

As we stroll through museums and historical sites, we often come across inscriptions on cultural relics. These inscriptions, also known as museum labels or plaques, provide us with valuable information about the object's historical significance, age, and origin.Cultural relic inscriptions are not only informative but also play a crucial role in preserving and protecting cultural relics. The inscriptions help to identify and authenticate the objects and provide a record of their history and provenance. This information is vital in preventing the illegal trade and smuggling of cultural relics, which is a significant problem worldwide.The inscriptions also serve as a reference for researchers and scholars. They can use the information provided on the inscriptions to study the social, cultural,and historical context of the object and its significancein the broader historical narrative.Moreover, inscriptions can also help to promote public awareness and appreciation of cultural relics. The information provided on the inscriptions helps visitors to understand the significance of the object and its place in history. This, in turn, fosters a sense of respect and appreciation for cultural heritage and encourages visitorsto support efforts to protect and preserve it.In conclusion, cultural relic inscriptions are an essential aspect of our cultural heritage. They provide valuable information about the objects, help to preserveand protect cultural relics, serve as a reference for scholars and researchers, and promote public awareness and appreciation of cultural heritage. Therefore, it is crucial to ensure that these inscriptions are accurate, informative, and accessible to all.。

Cultural noteIt is very common for westerners, even from a young age, to get involved in charity work, and most schools will encourage this. The idea of a charity ‘marathon’ is quite familiar to most westerners—this is an event in which people try to raise funds for a certain charity or charities over a lone period of time, such as 24 hours. Sometimes these events are televised and very large-scale, and sometimes schools may even give their support by allowing students time off to raise money for a worthy cause. These events can also be fun, with students taking parts in all kinds of fun activities to raise money; for example, musicians may offer their services free of charge to play in a concert, and all money received from sale of the tickets may go to charity. Common causes for the elderly, for animals, or for people in less developed countries.A snow globe is a paperweight. They are usually quite small items filled with water and small white flakes, so that if they are shaken it looks as though it is snowing inside. They are mainly just for decoration, and some people might collect them.。

1. Freedom and rights: Freedom of the individual is considered one of the essential features ofwestern civilization, which is itself sometimes called the Free World. This freedom is often expressed in terms of rights to do certain things or to be treated in a particular way. When a person does something that others think strange, British and America n people will often say, “It’s a free country,” meaning that although they disagree with the choice they recognize the other person’s right to make it.Americans sometimes call the US the “land of the free”, a phrase taken from its national anthem.British people have always strongly defended their freedom. Fear that they will lose the freedom to decide their own future is behind many people’s lack of enthusiasm for European unity.In Britain and the US the most basic rights include freedom of expression ( = freedom to say or write anything), freedom of choice (=freedom to make decisions about your own life) and freedom of worship (=freedom to practice any religion).2. the civil rights movement: (in the US) the national campaign by African-Americans for equalrights, especially in the 1950s and 1960s. The campaign included boycotts ( = refusals to buy particular products), the actions of freedom riders, and in 1963 a march to Washington led by Martin Luther King. It succeeded in causing the introduction of bussing and affirmative action.The Civil Rights Act of 1964 and the V oting Rights Act of 1965 were also introduced as a result of the civil rights movement, which has helped to change the attitudes of many white Americans. 3. the Civil Rights Act of 1964: the US law that forced the southern states to allow African-Americans to enter restaurants, hotels, etc. which had been reserved for white people only and to end the practice of having separate areas for black and white people in theatres, train stations, buses, etc. The act was mostly the result of the civil rights movement and was strongly sup-ported by President Lyndon Johnson. It was followed the next year by the V oting Rights Act.4. Uncle Tom’s Cabin: a novel (1852) by the US writer Harriet Beecher Stowe which increasedsupport for the movement to free slaves. It is about a kind slave called Tom who is badly treated and finally killed by Simon Legree. Tom’s daughter Little Eva also dies, and another well-known character in the novel is the slave child Topsy. The name Uncle Tom is sometimes used as an insult to describe an African-American who has too much respect for white people.5. the Underground Railroad: a secret system used in the US before the Civil War for helpingthousands of slaves to escape to the free northern states or Canada. The slaves were called “passengers”, the people who helped them were “conductors”, and the slaves hid in “stations” (safe houses) along the way.6. Slavery: Slavery played a particularly important role in the history of the US.The first slaves were taken to North America from Africa by the Dutch in 1619. By the time of the American Revolution (1775) there were 500 000 slaves, mostly in the South. After the Revolution the northern states made slavery illegal but the South needed cheap labor for the cotton plantations. Gradually the South’s economy became dependent on slaves and by 1860, the year before the Civil War, there were about 4 million slaves.Conflict between the North and the South increased, and it became clear that supporters and opponents of slavery could not continue to be part of the same country. In 1861 the slave states left the US and formed their own government. This was the beginning of the Civil War.After the North won the Civil War and brought the southern states back into the US, slavery was ended. But little changed for former slaves. Some moved to the North but there were not enough jobs there and many suffered prejudice from Whites. Those that stayed in the South often worked on the plantations where they had been slaves. They were paid for their work, but had to buy food and clothes.Many had to stay there trying to pay off debts which became larger each year.7. Bill Clinton (1946- ): the 42nd US President, elected in 1992 and 1996. He is a Democrat and waspreviously the governor of Arkansas. The US economy improved under Clinton, and the North American Free Trade Agreement has been signed. His successes in helping to achieve world peace include the Camp David Agreement for the Near East and the Dayton Agreement to end the war in Bosnia and Herzegovina. His wife Hillary (1947- ) tried without success to improve the US health system. In 1998 President Clinton admitted that he had had a sexual relationship with Monica Lewinsky, a junior member of the White House staff, after denying it earlier. He was impeached for lying under oath and obstructing justice, but the Senate judged him not guilty.1.Quaker: any member of the Society of Friends, a religious group established in England in the1650s by George Fox. They were originally called Quakers because members were thought to “quake” or shake with religious exc itement. Quakers worship Christ without any formal cer-emony or fixed beliefs, and their meetings often involve silent thought or prayer. They are strongly opposed to violence and war, and are active in education and charity work.2.Grand Central T erminal: the best-known railway station in the US. It is on East 42nd Street in NewYork and was completed in 1913 in the American Beaux Arts style. The main area is very large, and the trains enter and leave the station on 123 tracks, arranged on two levels. The station is often very crowded: You can’t move in there—it’s like Grand Central Station!3.Methodist: a member of the Methodist Church, the largest of the Protestant Free Churches inBritain and the US. It was established in 1739 by John Wesley as part of the Church of England but it became separate from it in 1795. It was introduced into the US in the 18th century and today has over50 million members around the world. It emphasized the importance of moral issues, both personaland social.4.the Deep South: the most southern states of the south-east US: Alabama, Florida, Georgia,Louisiana, Mississippi, South Carolina and eastern Texas. They are among the states that once had slaves and left the Union during the Civil War. They still have racial problems and the people there are mostly conservative in their politics and religion.。

Scripts---St. Paul’s CathedralIt's a Cathedral dedicated to St Paul that has stood on the site since 604AD, and throughout the Cathedral has remained a busy, working church where millions come to reflect and find peace.While London’s 300-year-old St. Pa ul’s Cathedral is being restored, learn more about this remarkable design by Mr. Christopher Wren.For nearly 300 years, the dome of the present St. Paul’s Cathedral has presided over London's skyline. Considered one of England’s most beautiful landmarks, two designs by noted architect Sir Christopher Wren were rejected at first. But revised plans were accepted in 1675."Wren had one great idea, and that was to have a great domed building. That was the one thing that was essential to his concept of the cathedral from beginning to end. It proved to be too revolutionary, I think for the dean and chapter of the time. It was too much a single domed building not sufficiently a building that had nave, chancel, choir, aisles. "Wren redesigned and persevered for nearly 50 years, living to see the dome’s construction completed. Weighing more than 71,000 tons when finished, it was a logistical and engineering feat.Inside, the cathedral combines architectural splendor with historic memorials. The tombs of British military heroes, the Duke of Wellington and Admiral Horatio Nelson are situated near American military heroes, in a chapel commemorating US service men and women who died during World War II.Now the cathedral is undergoing its most extensive restoration to date. Parts like the dome were repaired decades before, but items like the peristyle just below needed some attention this time around. The weight of the dome pushed out the supporting wall, causing it to crack."While the stones are pushed displaced, they open up and the water can then get in through the skin of the building. Now Wren used a certain amount of iron work.If iron gets wet as we all know, it rusts. When it rusts, it expands. When it expands, it blows the stonework to pieces. It’s therefore extremely important that we keep the whole thing watertight."Water also seeps through stone into an iron belt that supports the dome, destroying the surrounding stone.What you are actually seeing here is one of the lower fractures that come right down th rough the chain. We’re just making sure that the chain is whole, protected and doing its job.The Portland stone blocks replacing those damages in the peristyle are hand-carved, just as they were three centuries ago. But interior walls were gently cleaned, using 21 century mixtures of rubber latex and alkaline base. Combining tradition and technology in this restoration project will allow millions to enjoy the cathedral for centuries to come.The dean and chapter: The legal corporation and governing body of a cathedral. It consists of the dean, who is chief, and his canon or prebendaries.。