材料后缀符号的意思

Unalloyed steels as in table 1 Main quality grades
Alloyed steels as in table 1 Main quality grades
Unalloyed quality steels UQS Steels with no requirements made on the degree of purity with regard to non-metallic inclusions. No uniform response to heat treatment. Steel whose quality requirements exceed the limit contents of table 2 for base steels. In comparison with the base steels more severe requirements are made with regard to sensibility to brittle fracture, grain size, shapability etc.
European steel grades
Designation system and comparison with DIN
Steel grade classion Designation system Fig. 1
Base steels BS Steels with no particular quality requirements (deep drawing, coldforming ..) on the steel grade in production. No heat treatment Requirements defined by standards and delivery specifications as in table 2. No alloying elements besides Si and Mn.
Designation system as in EN 10 027-1 Group 1 Short name based on usage and mechanical and physical properties (Figs. 2, 3) as in EN 10 020, appendices A, B BS UQS UES LQS LES G = Unalloyed cast steel x x x S = Steels for steel construction x x x x x P = Steels for pressure vessel manuf. x x x x x L = Steels for line pipe engineering x x x E = Mechanical-engineering steels x x B = Concrete reinforcing steel x Y = Prestressing steels x R = Steels for or in the shape or rails x x H = Cold-rolled flat products of higher x
-strength drawing qualities D T = Flat products in low-carbon steels for cold shaping = Packing plate and strapping band
Table 1 Prescribed Limit content elements Percentage by mass Al Aluminium 0,1 B Boron 0,0008 Bi Bismuth 0,10 Co Cobalt 0,10 Cr Chromium 0,30 1) Cu Copper 0,40 La Lanthanides 0,05 3) Mn Manganese 1,65 1) Mo Molybdenum 0,08 2) Nb Niobium 0,06 1) Ni Nickel 0,30 P Lead 0,40 Se Selenium 0,10 Si Silicium 0,50 Te Tellurium 0,10 2) Ti Titanium 0,05 2) V Vanadium 0,10 W Tungsten 0,10 2) Zr Circonium 0,05 Others (except C, P, S, N) 0,05 1) If 2, 3 or 4 elements are marked for steel with this footnote and if their contents are smaller than the limit contents stated in the table, a limit content of 70% of the total resulting from the 2, 3, or 4 elements must be taken into account. 2) 1) The rule given under footnote applies by analogy to the elements marked 2) with footnote . 3) If only a maximum value is indicated for Mn, the applicable limit content is 1.80 percent by weight.
Unalloyed high-grade steels UES Quenched and tempered or surface-hardened steels having a higher degree of purity with regard to non-metallic inclusions as compared with unalloyed quality steels. Uniform response to heat treatment. Exact chemical composition makes it possible to obtain special properties such as high strength or hardenability in conjunction with the shapability suitability for welding ductility etc.
Alloyed quality steels LQS Steels whose applications are similar to those of unalloyed quality steels and which contain alloying elements because of their special requirements. Alloyed quality steels are not intended for quenching and tempering or for surface treatment Fine-grain engineering steels for steel construction, pressure vessel manufacture and line pipe engineering with a minimum yield point < 380 N/mm² for thicknesses < 16 mm; limit content of alloying elements as in table 3; alloyed steels for rails, sheet piling products and structural sections for mines. Alloyed steels with Si or with Si and Al. Hot or cold-rolled flat steel products alloyed with B, Nb, Ti, V or Zr alone or combinations of these elements.
Limit value = 690 N/mm² = 360 N/mm² = 26 % = 1xd = 27 joule = = = 0,10 % 0,045 % 0,045 %
Table 3 Prescribed Limit content elements Percentage by mass 1) Cr Chromium 0,50 1) Cu Copper 0,50 La Lanthanides 0,06 Mn Manganese 1,80 1) Mo Molybdenum 0,10 2) Nb Niobium 0,08 1) Ni Nickel 0,50 2) Ti Titanium 0,12 2) V Vanadium 0,12 2) Zr Circonium 0,12 Elements which are not stated (see Table 1) 1) If 2, 3 or 4 elements are marked for steel with this footnote and if their contents are smaller than the limit contents stated in the table, a limit content of 70% of the total resulting from the 2, 3 or 4 elements must be taken into account. 2) 1) The rule given under footnote applies by analogy to the elements marked 2) with footnote .
Alloyed high-grade steels LES Steels which exceed the requirements made on the alloying elements in table 3 and which, due to their chemical compositioni, have a wide variety of processing and utilisation properties, for example Stainless, heat-resisting, high-temperature steels, antifriction-bearing, tool, mechanical-engineering steels and steels for steel structures, with particular physical properties. Stainless steels with C = 1,20% and Cr = 10,5% and Ni <2,5%: ferritic and martensitic steels, Ni = 2,5%: austenitic steels. High-speed steels with at least two of the following three elements: Mo, W, V with an overall mass content of 7% and with C = 0,60% and Cr = 3 to 6 %. Table 2 Requirements apply for thicknesses (d) mm = 16 = 16 = 16 = 3 = 10 = 16