第四单元知识点

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第四单元知识点

一)习惯用语:

get to=arrive in/at=reach 到达

take the bus/ subway/ train/ taxi/ boat (to…)

=(go to… )by bus /subway /train /taxi/ boat/bike

坐汽车/地铁/火车/出租车/船(去…)

on a bus/train/subway/plane/bike 坐汽车/火车/地铁/飞机/自行车

ride a bike(bicycle) 骑自行车

on foot 步行

from…to… 从…到…

in a car/taxi/boat 坐小车/的士/船

leave for… 动身去…

the early bus 早班车

how far多远

think of 考虑/想到

around the world=all over the world全世界

the school bus 校车

depend on 决定于…

in the other parts of the world 在世界的其它地方

a small number of… 少数…

in the hospital 在医院里

in Chinese 用汉语

Don’t worry. 别担心. so much 这么多

at around half past six 大约在六点半

half an hour=thirty minutes 半小时

bus station/ bus stop 汽车站

It takes sb. some time to do sth.=Sb. spend some time (in)

doing sth. 某人花费多少时间做某事.

need to do sth.需要做某事.

the subway station地铁站

the most popular最流行的

North America北美

be different from与……不同

二)重点句型:

1.How does Emilio get to school?爱米丽欧怎么去学校?

2 .How far is it from your home to school ?从你家到学校有多远?

3.How long does it take you to get from home to school?

从家到学校你花费多长时间?

4_I ride my bike to the subway station.我骑车去地铁车站。

5.In North America,not all students take the bus to sch001.

在北美,并非所有学生坐公共汽车去学校。

6.In China,bikes and buses are the most popular means of

transportation.在中国,自行车和公共汽车是最流行的交通方式。

7.What do you think of the transportation in your town?

你认为你们镇上的交通情况如何?

8.Other parts of the world are different from the United

States.

世界上其他地方与美国不同。

9. It depends on where you are. 它取决于你在哪里。

1.“花销”细盘点:

spend,take,cost和pay的用法: 初中阶段关于“花钱”,“花费时间”的词常见的有以下五个:buy,cost,pay(for),spend和take。很多学生对这几个词的词义和用法似懂非懂,用起来往往出错。其实这些词都与钱物有关,与时间有关的只有take和spend。下面具体谈一谈其用法:

①spend指花钱,花费时间。主语是人。其常见结构分别为to

spend money on sth.,spend time(in)doing sth.。

I spent six yuan on a new dictionary.

—How do you spend your spare time?

—I spend my spare time writing books.

②take指花钱(=cost)

It takes/costs me a lot of money to buy a big house.

= To buy a big house takes/costs me a lot of money.

take用来说明做某事需要多少时间,有三种不同的结构:

1)主语是人

She took the whole day to read the novel.(她花了一整天那本小说。)

2)主语是某种活动

The journey took me half an hour.

Reading the novel took her the whole day.

3)用形式主语it

It took me half an hour to get home yesterday.

It takes much time to do the shopping.

③pay(for),pay表示付给人家钱、帐单等;pay for表示买东西付款,也表示替别人付钱。主语是人。其常见结构是to pay

sb.some money,pay money for sth.

You must pay me 100yuan a week for your meals. How much did you pay for that book?

④cost指花钱,表示价值或代价(此代价可以是时间)。主语是事或物或动词不定式短语。

其常见结构是to cost sb.some money。

The dictionary cost me 6yuan.

【小试牛刀】翻译:(1)我六十元钱买了一本词典 (五种译法)

(2)读这本书花了我一整天的时间 (四种译法)

(Keys:

(1)a.I bought the dictionary for 60 yuan.

b.The dictionary cost me 60 yuan.

c.I paid 60 yuan for the dictionary.

d.I spent 60yuan on the dictionary.

e.It took me60 yuan to buy the dictionary.

(2)a.I spent the whole day reading the book.

b.I took the whole day to read the book.

c.Reading the book took me the whole day.

d.It took me the whole day to read the book.)

2.“数目”要说清:

a number of…“许多”与the number of…“……的数字/数目”这两个词组的用法要分清:

①a number of…意思是“一些,若干”(= some),后接可数名词复数或代词,谓语动词用复数形式。

a number of…词组中还可以加入形容词表示数量大或小等(例如:a large/small number of…许多/少数……)。

②the number of…意思是“……的数字/数目”,介词of同其后名词构成介词短语,修饰the number.当它作主语时,谓语动词用单数。例如: Many people took part in 10,000-metre race, but only a number of them kept on running to the end. 许多人参加了10000米跑,但只有一些人坚持跑到底。

A number of my friends think I should take a holiday.

我的一些朋友认为我应该休假。

The number of students is about forty.学生人数大约是40人左右。

3.到达路线有几条:

arrive in/at,get to;reach意为“抵达,到达”,我们在句子中要正确运用。

【辨析】 arrive vi.到达什么地方,后接in或at,大的地方用in,小的地方用at;reach vt.后接地点名词;get to也可表示“到达”,后接地点名词,比以上两词更口语化,也可用get加副词(home,here,there等)。

题例:When did you __________ home?

A. go to B.arrive at C.reach in D.reach

【解析】 在英语中“到达”可表达为get to,arrive in/at和reach。get和ararrive是不及物动词,所以后面接宾语时,应借助于介词。而reach是及物动词,它后面可以直接跟宾语。但是本题的home是副词,副词前不可以有介词,所以此题的正确答案是D。

【拓展】arrive一词除了表示“到达”外还有“来到”、“出生”的意思:

Good weather is arriving.好天气就要来了。

My baby arrived last night.我的宝宝是昨天夜里出生的。

Too swift(快的) arrives as tardy(迟缓的) as too slow.

[谚语]欲速则不达。

4.条条大路通罗马:(All Roads Lead to Rome)

英语中表示交通方式的形式很多,但总的来说,不外乎两种方式,即: 用介词和动词来表示。