2020-2021学年英语新教材人教版必修第一册学案：UNIT1突破语法大冲关含解析

Phrases——短语

短语或词组(phrases)是具有一定意义的一组词。本单元主要讲名词短语、形容词短语和副词短语。

[观察例句]

1．The first week was a little confusing.

2．First，I had to think very carefully about which courses I wanted to take.

3．The school adviser helped me choose the suitable ones.

4．The coach told me that I didn't play well enough.

[归纳用法]

短语或词组(phrases)有以下三种形式：

1．名词短语(Noun Phrase)：指以一个名词为中心构成的短语，在句中的功能相当于名词。

2．形容词短语(Adjective Phrase)：指以一个形容词为中心构成的短语，在句中的功能相当于形容词。

3．副词短语(Adverb Phrase)：指以一个副词为中心构成的短语，在句中的功能相当于副词。

短语类型 组成 功能 例子

名词短语

(Noun

Phrase) (限定词)＋(形容词、形容词短语、描述性名词)＋名词＋(介词短语) 在句中当作名词用，一般用作主语、宾语、表语或宾语补足语。 a beautiful campus

some school clubs

a beautiful campus of my

school

形容词短语

(Adjective

Phrase) (副词)＋形容词＋(介词短语) 在句中当作形容词用，可以修饰名词或代词，还可以用作表语或者宾语补足语。 very suitable

really very confusing

strong enough

good for nothing

副词短语

(Adverb (副词)＋副词 在句中当作副词用可以修饰动词、形容very quickly

quite well

Phrase) 词或副词。 far too fast

much more creatively

[特别提醒]

1．在“组成”中，括号里的成分是可选项。

2．在名词短语的“组成”中，限定词包括冠词(a/an/the)、指示代词(this、that、these、those等)、物主代词(my、your、his、her、our、their等)和不定代词(some、no、neither、both等)。

3．副词enough在修饰形容词或者副词构成形容词短语或者副词短语时，一般放在所修饰的形容词或者副词后面。

That's a really good idea，Jeff.

那真是个不错的主意，杰夫。

The construction of that big building is completed.

那座大厦落成。

It's

really quite important to have a reasonable work schedule.

有个合理的工作计划的确非常重要。

My cousin is very good at playing football.

我表弟很擅长踢足球。

Jim jumps far too high and no one can match him.

吉姆跳得太高了，没人能比得上他。

I do not know her well enough to ask her for help.

我对她不够熟悉不好求她帮忙。

[即学即练]

完成句子

①There is a beautiful campus at the foot of the hill.

山脚下有一所美丽的校园。

②Our students can join in some school clubs in our spare time.

我们学生可以在业余时间参加一些校园俱乐部。

③Don't drive so fast！It's dangerous.

不要开的这么快！很危险。

④The students worked very hard in the classroom last week.

上周学生们在教室刻苦学习。

⑤I found that she is a very kind girl.

我发现她是个非常善良的女孩。

Ⅰ.单句语法填空

1．A timely (time) snow makes good harvest.

2．He was very confused(confuse) about the result of the exam.

3．Li Hua speaks English quite fluently(fluent)as he has lived in England for many

years.

4．The course seems very difficult and is not

very suitable(suit) for freshman

students.

5．This problem is a lot more difficult (difficult)than that one.

6．It's raining quite heavily(heavy)．You'd better stay at home.

7．On weekends，he would join in some school activities(active)．

8．The author puts forward his suggestions(suggest) on the book.

9．The news was a little surprising(surprise) to her son.

10．My first(one) physics class was great.

Ⅱ.短文判断

判断下文中黑体部分的短语类型

A well-known old man(NP) was being interviewed(采访) and was asked if it was

really correct(AdjP) that he had just celebrated his ninety-ninth

birthday(NP)．“That's very right(AdjP)，”said the old man.“Ninety-nine years old，and I haven't an enemy(NP) in the world.They're all dead.”“Well，sir，”said

the

interviewer(NP)，“I hope very much(AdvP) to have the honour of interviewing you

on your hundredth birthday(NP)．”The old man looked at the young man very

closely(AdvP)，and said，“I can't see why you shouldn't.You look fit and healthy！And

aren't you strong enough(AdjP)？”