Chapter 1-2 基础
- 格式:pdf
- 大小:1.27 MB
- 文档页数:64
二年级朗文英语(2A)Chapter 1—2写出下列中文意思1. ferry B . friend2. A . bus B. but3. A . tram B . train4. A . hit B. sit5. A . live B .like6. A . MTR B. LRT7. A . minibus B . mini book8. A . try B. fry9. A . how B . her10. A . what B. where读下列句子1. A . How old are you ? B . How are you ?2. A . How do you go to school? B . How do you come to school?3. A . I come to school by bus ? B . I come to school by minibus?4. A . Let’s get in this taxi. B . Let’s get into a group.5. A . Where do you live ? B . What do you like ?6. A . I live in Chai Wan. B . I live in Wan Chai.7 . A . Nice to see you . B . Nice to meet you.8 . A . I live in Hong Kong . B . I live on Hong Kong Island9. A . How many pupils come on foot ?B . How many pupils come by MTR?10. A . What’s your telephone number ?B . It is a telephone.用恰当的词填空1. A . I _______ seven. (我七岁了) B. I _______ fine.2. A . Four pupils come______(走路). B. I ________ on foot.3. A . It is________(在…上面)the shelf. B. I live______ Sha Tin.4. A . They _______(be)cars. B. It ______( be ) a car.5. A . There ______( be ) four . B. They _____( be ) buses.6. A . Nice to see you. B. See you.7. A . _____(它) is blue. B. It _____( be ) a rabbit.8. A . He is _________(eat). B. I _____(be )eating.9. A .Yes ,it is . B. No, they aren’t.10. A . They are_____ (在……里面)the box. B. They are ________(仓鼠).圈出正确的单词1 . Where do you ( ) ?I live ( ) Hong Kong Island.2. ( ) do you( ) to school.3. Ask your ( )(朋友)Le t’s ( ) (加入)into the group .I. Choose and write. ( 根据图片选择正确的单词,写在横线上。
一.概论Chapter 1. Introducing SLA1.Second language acquisition (SLA)2.Second language (L2)(也可能是第三四五外语) also commonly called a target language (TL)3.Basic questions:1). What exactly does the L2 learner come to know?2). How does the learner acquire this knowledge?3). Why are some learners more successful than others?4.linguistic; psychological; social.Only one (x) Combine (√)Chapter 2. Foundations of SLAⅠ. The world of second languages1.Multi-; bi-; mono- lingualism1)Multilingualism: the ability to use 2 or more languages.(bilingualism: 2 languages; multilingualism: >2)2)Monolingualism: the ability to use only one language.3)Multilingual competence (Vivian Cook, Multicompetence)Refers to: the compound state of a mind with 2 or more grammars.4)Monolingual competence (Vivian Cook, Monocompetence)Refers to: knowledge of only one language.2.People with multicompetence (a unique combination) ≠ 2 monolingualsWorld demographic shows:3.Acquisition4.The number of L1 and L2 speakers of different languages can only beestimated.1)Linguistic information is often not officially collected.2)Answers to questions seeking linguistic information may not bereliable.3) A lack of agreement on definition of terms and on criteria foridentification.Ⅱ. The nature of language learning1.L1 acquisition1). L1 acquisition was completed before you came to school and thedevelopment normally takes place without any conscious effort.2). Complex grammatical patterns continue to develop through the1) Refers to: Humans are born with an innate capacity to learnlanguage.2) Reasons:♦Children began to learn L1 at the same age and in much the same way.♦…master the basic phonological and grammatical operations in L1 at 5/ 6.♦…can understand and create novel utterances; and are not limited to repeating what they have heard; the utterances they produce are often systematically different from those of the adults around them.♦There is a cut-off age for L1 acquisition.♦L1 acquisition is not simply a facet of general intelligence.3)The natural ability, in terms of innate capacity, is that part oflanguage structure is genetically “given” to every human child.3. The role of social experience1) A necessary condition for acquisition: appropriate socialexperience (including L1 input and interaction) is2) Intentional L1 teaching to children is not necessary and may havelittle effect.3) Sources of L1 input and interaction vary for cultural and socialfactors.4) Children get adequate L1 input and interaction→sources has littleeffect on the rate and sequence of phonological and grammatical development.The regional and social varieties (sources) of the input→pronunciationⅢ. L1 vs. L2 learningⅣ. The logical problem of language learning1.Noam Chomsky:1)innate linguistic knowledge must underlie language acquisition2)Universal Grammar2.The theory of Universal Grammar:Reasons:1)Children’s knowledge of language > what could be learned from theinput.2)Constraints and principles cannot be learned.3)Universal patterns of development cannot be explained bylanguage-specific input.Children often say things that adults do not.♦Children use language in accordance with general universal rules of language though they have not developed the cognitive ability to understand these rules. Not learned from deduction or imitation.♦Patterns of children’s language development are not directly determined by the input they receive.。
研究生英语——多维教程——熟谙第一册原文TypescriptChapter 1 Learning to Listen1. Using What You Already KnowExercise 1Student: Excuse me.Counselor: Yes?Student: Do I need to make an appointment to register for an ESL class?Counselor: No, but you first have to take a placement test.Student: A test?Counselor: We need to find out what your ESL level is.Student: Oh, Okay. Where do I go to take the test?Counselor: We will be giving the test tomorrow at 3 o’clock in room 303. Can you come then? Student: Yes.Counselor: Good. Now, let me give you some forms to fill out so we can begin the registration process. Please write your name and address here, and your ID number here.Student: Okay. What do I write under teacher and section?Counselor: You can leave those blan k. We’ll fill it in tomorrow.Exercise 2Student A: I didn’t really understand what Ms. Smith was saying about the id, the superego and the ego.Student B: Oh, that’s easy. Look here on page 53. The id is the part of our personality that wants instant gratification. The ego tries to help the id get what it wants, but in a logical and practical way. The superego is like the personality’s police force. It monitors the id and the ego.Student A: Oh, I think I’m getting it. You mean the id, ego and superego are all part of our personality?Student B: Right. They are all interacting.Student A: Do you think we’ll need to give definitions?Student B: I don’t know. We may just have to match the names with the definitions. But we’d better study this some more just to be safe.2. Scanning for the Main IdeaExercise:A: I can’t believe it’s closed. I’ve got a class from 7 o’clock to 10 o’clock. What am I going to do? B: Well, there are some food machines in the Student Union. You could always go there.A: No way! I tried that once last semester and I got as s ick as a dog. There’s got to be something better.B: Well, we can go down to Main Street. There are a couple of places that I’m sure are open.A: We’d never make it back in time. It’s already 6:40. I think I’ll pass out if I don’t get something.I came her e right from work. I didn’t have time to stop by my apartment.B: I think there’s a stand in front of Smith Hall. You can at least get something warm there.A: Well, I guess we don’t have any other choice.B: Yeah, it’s either the canteen or three hours of listening to your stomach growl.3. Scanning for the Important PointsExercise:●Teacher: Good evening class. Before we begin tonight’s lesson. I want to remind you aboutnext Thursday’s midterm. Remember to review chapters one through eight in the book. You will be responsible for knowing all of the information in the chapters plus all of the other topics we have discussed in class. This test will include multiple choice, True/False, and essay questions. You will not be able to use any books, notes or dictionaries.●Now, last week, I spoke about the importance of using note cards and visual aids to prepareyour speeches. Tonight I’m going to talk about specific things that will help you with your speech delivery. Please take careful notes so you can use those techniques to improve your speech delivery.The first and perhaps the most important element of good speech delivery is eye contact. It is extremely important, especially in the English-speaking world, to make eye contact with your entire audience. This may be very difficult for you if you come from a culture where making direct eye contact is a sign of disrespect. But, you really need to practice this skill until you are comfortable looking directly at all of your audience members when you are speaking to them. Please note that you need to look at the entire audience. Please don’t direct your attention to just one person or one side of the room, and really be sure not to stare into the eyes of anyone for too long of a period.●Next, you need to make sure that when you talk to your audience, you are enthusiastic aboutyour topic and excited to share it with your audience. Vitality is a way of maintaining the audience’s attention and indicating to them that you firmly believe in what you are saying.V olume, intonation, facial expressions, and gestures all add to the vitality of your speech.Think abut a speaker you really liked. Did he or she just stand there and read words from a piece of paper? No, of course not. Probably the speaker was full of life and his or her energy forced you into becoming involved in caring about the topic of the speech.4. Inferencing (Making Intelligent Guesses)Exercise:Dr. Stevens: Ted, can I speak to you a minute?Ted: Yes, Doctor Stevens?Dr. Stevens: I finished reading your essay and before I return it to you, I was hoping you might be able to come in and speak with me about it.Ted: Oh, uh, okay, sure.Dr. Stevens: Can you come during my office hours?Ted: I think so. When are they again?Dr. Stevens: Tuesdays and Thursdays from 3 o’clock until 4:30.Ted: That’s no problem. Oh, wait a minute, I have football practice every day from 2 o’clock until 5 o’clock.Dr. Stevens: Hmm. Well, how about if we get together tomorrow right before class?Ted: Sure.5. Scanning for Specific Pieces of InformationExercise:You have reached the Student Union Activity Hotline. The following is a list of information and events for Thursday, September 18.The Student Union is open from 7:00 a.m. until 11:30 p.m. The cafeteria will be serving breakfast from 7 o’clock until 8:30, lunch from 11 o’clock until 1 o’clock, and dinner from 5 o’clock until 7 o’clock, The snack bar will be open from 9:00 a.m.—8:00 p.m.Assembly member Carole Berg will be speaking on the topic: “Parity pay for Women: It’s St ill Not Here.” Assembly woman Berg will speak in the Oak Room from 9 o’clock. Admission is free, and a question/answer period will follow.The Student Council will meet in room 27 from noon until 1:30. Elections will be held for all major offices. All students are welcome.The campus folk dance club meets in the Green Room from 2 o’clock until 5 o’clock today. All are welcome to attend; dance experience is not necessary.Bette Milder will be performing live in the Campus Corner Cabaret. The show begins at 8 o’clock. Tickets are available at the Ticket Office. All seats are $7.00.Tonight’s movie, the experimental “Dial Tones,” will be shown in the Union theater at 7:00 and 9:00 p.m. Tickets for both shows are $5.00 and are available at the ticket office.If you have missed anything on this recording, please press the pound key for the message to repeat. Thank you for calling the Student Union.6. Using Context CluesExercise 1A: Let’s exchange phone numbers. That way, if one of us is absent, we can call eac h other for the homework assignments.B: That’s a great idea. My number is 555---A: Wait a second, this pen just died. Let me get another one.B: Here, take my pencilA: Thanks. Okay, what was it?Exercise 21. Sentence: H e’s a real stickler.A: Who’s you r history professor?B: I’m in Dr. Leydorf’s class.A: Oh, How is he?B: The class is interesting and I really like him, but he’s a real stickler. If you’re more than fifteen minutes late, he marks you absent, and you have to hand in every assignment on time or he lowers your grade.A: Ooh! He sounds really tough.2. Sentence: you could have knocked me over with a feather!A: How did you do on your composition?B: Oh, you won’t believe it. I hadn’t worked on it very long and I didn’t have time to check it o ver. When the teacher returned it to me with an “A” on it, you could have knocked me over with a feather!A: Wow. That’s great. You must be really smart.B: Or else just lucky.3. Sentence: I’ve got to cram for a test.A: Let’s go to a movie tonight.B: So rry, I’ve got to cram for a test tonight. I haven’t had a chance to study before now.A: Well, how about going to the late show?B: No, I’m going to need a good night’s sleep. I want to make sure that I’m ready for the test.4. Sentence: Let’s get cracking.A: All right. We promised each other we’d get this report done today. Let’s get cracking.B: Aw, it’s such a beautiful day. Can’t we go for a walk and do this later?A: No, we’ll need to return these books to the library by five o’clock. We really have t o do this now.5. Sentence: Fat chance.A: Gee. It’s already a quarter after ten. Maybe Ms. Hughes is absent today.B: Fat chance. She’s never been absent a day in her life. I was in her class last year and she even came in when she had the flu.A: Well I guess she really loves teaching. Oh, here she comes now.7. Using Structure and Intonation CluesUsing StructureExercise 11. I’m taking Biology 101 this semester.2. I’m going to the Student Union at 7:00.3. We’re discussing parapsychological phenomena.4. When are you returning to the computer lab?5. We’re meeting with Dr. Stevens at the end of the lesson.Exercise 21.I am transcribing my sociology notes.2.John is defending his dissertation on Tuesday.3.We are forming a study group on the first day of class.4.I’m applying for financial aid to help pay my tuition and expenses.5.Ms. Wilson is correcting our essays over the weekend.Exercise 31.The professor is coming.2.The professor is coming in a little while.3.The Shakespeare Theater Group is performing Romeo and Juliet on the 17th.4.The Shakespeare Theater Group is performing Romeo and Juliet.5.The campus bookstore is having a big sale on all college sweatshirts.6.The campus bookstore is having a big sale on all college sweatshirts during Spring Break.Using Intonation CluesExercise1.I really wanted the new David Sedaris book. The professor in my contemporary lit classpraised it all last semester. The bookstore hasn’t been able to get a single copy for the last month. Oh, well. Maybe I can find a copy on .2.I used the new computer registration system to charge my tuition on my credit card, and theytotally messed it up. They were supposed to charge me $500 for the two art classes, and instead, it says that I’m enrolled in three history classes to the tun e of $900. This is ridiculous!3.Today is my graduation day. I am done! Now, I can finally spend my weekends doingsomething other than cramming for exams and writing term papers. Yippee!4.This schedule is baffling. It says that English 90 is offered at both the midtown and downtowncampuses, but the times are vague. Look here; does this nine mean AM or PM? Hmm, I’m stumped.5.Oh yeah. I absolutely recommend professor Ponz. She’s a real dilly, let me tell you. If youenjoy writing endless term papers on meaningless subjects, participating in class activities that have zero relevance to the topic of the course, she’s the teacher for you!Chapter TwoPart Two Main DialogueDenise: Excuse me, miss, how much does it cost to ride BART?Stranger: Well, that depends on your destination. From here to Glen Park it’s only a dollar ten, but if you go as far as Fremont, it costs a lot more.Tom: We’re going to Berkeley. Do you know what the fare is?Stranger: There are two stations in Berkeley. Which one are you interested in?Denise: Oh, gee, I’m not sure. We’re from out of town. We’re visiting my sister. She told me her house is just a stone’s throw from the UC Berkeley campus. Which station is that?Stranger: The downtown Berkeley station is really close to the university. I’m sure that’s the one you want.Denise: Tom, are you going to remember this, or should I be jotting this down?Tom: What is there to write down, Denise? The woman is giving us very simple directions. So, how much is the fare to downtown Berkeley?Strang er: Let’s go take a look at the map over there. You see, the map shows you how much it costs to go from one station to another. Ah, there it is: two dollars and sixty-five cents.Tom: Two sixty-five? That’s highway robbery for such a short distance!Denise: You think that’s expensive? Tom from our house to Amherst it costs twice as much as that. Tom: Yeah, but that’s an hour ride. You really get your money’s worth.Stranger: Yeah…Uh…Well, did your sister explain which train to take?Tom: Berkeley. We take the Berkeley train to Berkeley, right?Stranger: Well, no actually. That’s just one stop on the Richmond line. Here, let me show you on this map. Here we are a t Powell Street in San Francisco, and it’s basically a straight shot on the Richnond line to the downtown Berkeley station.Denise: Yes, my sister said we wouldn’t have to change trains.Stranger: Uh-oh, what time is it?Denise: It’s 8:15.Stranger: You can’t go directly to Berkeley from San Francisco after 8:04.Tom: Uh-oh. Is there another train we can catch?Stranger: Don’t worry. You can take the Pittsburg line. Look here, take the Pittsburg line to the 12th Street Station in Oakland, and then transfer to the Richmond train. The Richmond train willstop in Berkeley. Get off at the downtown station. From there you can walk to your sister’s house. Denise: We want to be there by 9 o’clock. If we have to transfer, we might be late. Do you think we’ll make it in time?Stranger: It doesn’t take that long. Let’s see; there’s a train from here at 8:18. It arrives at the 12th Street Oakland station at 8:34. You can get a Richmond train right away at 8:34, and you’ll arrive in Berkeley at 8:46.Tom: Let’s see if I’ve go t this right: We take the 8:18 Pittsburg train and arrive in Oakland at 8:34. Then we take the 8:34 Richmond train to Berkeley. That should be a snap.Stranger: Yeah, you’ll have no trouble.Tom: Thank you very much for your help, Miss. You’re a very kind young lady.Denise: And so pretty and smart, too! Tell me dear, I notice you’re not wearin g a ring. Stranger: Well, no, uh…Denise; You know, my sister’s son is very handsome. I think you two would like each other…Stranger: Uh, well; oh! I think I hear your train coming! You’d better hurry so you don’t miss it!Part ThreeExercise 3AThe BART system is a modern metro that links thirty-nine stations throughout Northern California’s San Francisco Bay Area. The trains are operated by computers and the BART station platforms have electronic signs that light up with information about trains that will be arriving.Exercise 3C1.How long does it take to get from JFK Boulevard to Town Plaza? That’s JFK Boulevard toTown Plaza.2.What is the fare from Oxford Avenue to College Avenue? That’s Oxford Avenue to CollegeAvenue.3.How much does it cost an dhow long does it take to go from Fifth Street/Florida to GroveStreet? Again, that’s both the fare and time from Fifth Street/Florida to Grove Street.4.How much is a round-trip ticket from 75th Street to Kentucky Street? That’s a round-tripticket from 75th Street to Kentucky.5.How much time does it take to travel from Kansas Street to 20th Street? Again, how muchtime does it take to travel from Kansas Street to 20th Street?6.You are at the Alabama Street station. It’s twelve noon and you just got on the train. Wha ttime will you arrive at the Madrid Avenue station? Again, it’s twelve noon and you’re going from Alabama Street to Madrid Avenue. What time will you arrive at the Madrid Avenue station?7.What time does the 4:07 PM train from Yonkers arrive at Grand Central Terminal? Again,what time does the 4:07 PM train from Yonkers arrive at Grand Central Terminal?8.What time does the 6:20 AM train from Grand Central Terminal arrive in Yonkers? That’sthe 6:20 AM train from Grand Central Terminal arrive in Yonkers.9.9. How many trains are there from Grand Central Terminal to Yonkers from 4:20PM until7:53 Pm? Again, how many trains are there from Grand Central Terminal to Yonkers from 4:20PM until 7:53 PM?10.How long is the trip from Yonkers to Grand Central Terminal? Again, that’s the time fromYonkers to Grand Central Terminal.11.Which trains from Yonkers to Grand Central Terminal do not stop at 125th Street? Again,which trains do no stop at 125th Street going from Yonkers to Grand Central Terminal? 12.Look at your watch. What time is it right now? What time will the next train from GrandCentral Terminal arrive at 125th Street? Again, using the time now, when will the next train from Grand Central Terminal arrive at 125th Street?Part FourExercise 11.Was her flight from New York on time?2.Did you get the rental car information?3.Which bus do I take to go downtown?4.Is Alice meeting us at the train station?5.Why was the man yelling at the stranger?6.Are you going to call the travel agent today?7.How long do we have to wait for the next bus?8.Where are you going after the meeting?9.What did you do with your extra ticket?10.Were you going to go to the airport alone?Exercise 21.What time did the plane arrive?2.How often do you take the bus?3.Did someone meet them at the airport?4.Why didn’t she tell us she would be late?5.Who will pay for the extra ticket?6.Were you at the bus station yesterday?7.How far is it from here to New Jersey?8.Which bus do you think we should take?9.Whose purse was left on the bus?10.Are you meeting your brother at the bus station?Part FiveExercise 11.How much is the fare to Kansas ST.?2.When is the next Yonkers train?3.Does this bus go to City Hall?4.How long does it take to get to Park Lane?5.Which line do I need to take to get to the Macarthur Station?6.Can you tell me how far the trip from Boston to San Diego is?7.What’s the fastest way to get to Grand Central Terminal from here?8.Do you know where the train for Atlanta stops?9.Exercise 21.The 12:20 train to Seattle will leave in two minutes.2.The next train to Yonkers will leave from Grand Central Terminal in ten minutes.3. A round-trip ticket from JFK Boulevard to Kansas St. is $2.90.4.We’re sorry, but the 12:10 train Riverdale will be six minutes late.5.The bus from Los Angles to Burbank leaves every fifteen minutes at that time of the day.6.The next Fremont train will leave from platform number 4 in half an hour.Exercise 31.Question: Where does this person want to go?A: Pardon me, how much does it cost to go to the Jefferson Auditorium?B: That’s $1.80 one way, but you can’t go directly there after 6:00 PM. You’ll have to take a Lenox train at that hour and then transfer to a Hastings train at the Portsmouth station. 2.Question: What time will the next bus for Chicago leave?A: Excuse me, when does the next bus to downtown Chicago leave?B: Let’s see. One just left at 8:00. The schedule says that that bus leaves every fifteen minutes, so…A: Uh-oh;it’s already 8:10. I’d better hurry.B: Ooh, I hope you make it.2.Question: What is the total round-trip fare for the children?A: May I help you?B: Yeah, we’d like to get tickets from Portland to Long beach.A: When are you planning on going?B: We were thinking of going the week of June 15th.A: Gook. That’s far enough in advance to take advantage of our supersaver fares. If you purchase your tickets thirty days in advance, it will only cost $240 round trip.B: $240. That sounds good.A: How many people are in your party?B: There’s my wife and me, plus our two kids.A: Ooh, we have a special discount available for our young travelers. Let’s see, kids under twelve fly for half price and those under three can go for free.B: Well, Evelynne is six and Renee is two.A: Very good. Let me check the computer to see which flights are open the week of the 15th. Exercise 41.It’s really easy to get to school from my house by bus.2.Greenwich is very close to London.3.I take a 20-minute bus ride from home to work every day.4.I leave my house each day at 8 am.5.We’re going to Hawaii for our next vacation.6.According to this, the train to Vancouver will arrive in ten minutes.7.Do I need a Bakerloo or a Victoria train to get to Picadilly Circus?8.How much is a ticket to Baltimore and then back again?9.You need to take a #5 bus to the Berman Station. Then, catch a #12.10.This bus is too crowded between 7am and 9am.。
教案首页Step1:GreetingsStep2:Introductions and Requirements1.The teacher introduces self to the Ss firstly.2.Choose some Ss to do self-introduction to the whole class3.Give some requirements to Ss when they study English in this termStep3:Words and Expressions1.Ask Ss to turn to Page 162 and look at the words that are related to lesson 12.Ask Ss to read the new words after the teacher3.The whole class read together4.Choose two Ss to read the new words5.Correct their pronunciationStep4:Explain each partPart 1:Pair practice1.Be sure that each student understands the task of this part firstly2.The teacher explains the conversation to Ss first and then makes up theconversation with one student3.Ask Ss to work in pair and practice the conversation4.Call on a few pairs to perform their conversations for the class5.Correct their pronunciationPart 2.3:Group Practice1.Ask Ss to form groups of four and do self-introduction to three different membersin their groups2.Do the conversation with a student by asking two questions:What’s your name?Where are you from?3.Ask Ss to form groups of four and greet each other by telling their names andwhere they are form4.Choose some groups to act out their conversations5.Give some comments on their performance6.Explain grammar points about statements with be to SsPart 4.5:Say it and wire1.Have Ss look at the information about Alex and Katherine in the cards2.Role play the first conversation with a student , shoring the class how to take turnplaying A and B roles3.Ask Ss to work in pair and practice the conversation by using Frank’s ID card andWang guo’s ID card4.Choose some to act out5.check their mistakes6.Finish part 5 with the whole classPart 6.7: Listen and Group practice1. The whole class read the letters of the alphabet together first2.Ask Ss to work in pairs and finish the following exercises①What’s your n ame ? ②Is your name David ?③Yes, it is ④How do you do ?⑤What’s his name ? ⑥Is her name Marry?⑦No , it isn’tPart 8:Listen and say it1. 1. Have Ss look at the card and be sure that each student understand it2.the whole class read the dialogue together.3.Give five minutes to Ss and let them fill in the passport with their own informationP0art 10.11:Write and Teamwork Task1.Be sure that Ss understand the task of Part 102.ASK a volunteer to read the names in alphabetical order3.Ask Ss to work in teams of four and alphabetize their names4.Call on some teams to read their lists out loudStep 5: Conclusion1.Review how to greet people.2.Review to introduce yourself and others.Step 6:Homework1.Copy new words of lesson 1 in the exercise book2.Preview lesson 2板书设计:Names and Greetingsbe : am, is ,are教案首页Step1:GreetingsStep2:Revision1.The whole class read the words that are related to lesson 12.Review the important language points of lesson 1Step3:Words and Expressions1.Ask Ss to look at the words that are related to lesson 2 and read them after theteacher2.The whole class read it together3.Choose some to read the new words4.Correct their mistakesStep4: Explain each partPart 2: Pair Practice1.Have Ss read the names on the family tree after the teacher2.Give five minutes to Ss and let then practice the questions and answers with apartner3.Check the answers by asking one pairPart3: Listen and say it1.Ask Ss to read the conversation together2.Work in pair and practice the conversation by using the pictures given3.Choose some pairs to act out4.Correct their mistakesCulture TipExplain the culture about introductions to Ss1. For informal introductions, use only the fist namee.g this is my friend Dimitri2.For more formal introductions or business introductions use first and last names or titlese.g This is my teacher ,Eric RyanPart 4:Gronp Practice1.Ask Ss to work in group of four and introduce one of your classmates to anotherclassmate2.Go around the class when Ss are talking3.Choose three groups to act out4.Give some comments on their performancePart 6: Listen and say it1.Teach the culture about wedding ringsIn the U.S married people usually wear a wedding ring on the fourth finger of their left hand2.Ask Ss to read two conversations together3.Work in pairs and practice the conversation by using the three pictures given4.Choose three pairs to act out5.Correct their mistakesGrammar Check .Part 81.Explain the grammar point to Ss:Be : ContractionsFull Form Contraction Example SentencesI am I’m I’m a studentYou are You’re You’re form BrazilHe/she is He’s/She’s He’s/She’s my teacherIt is It’s It’s my phone numberWe/They are We’re/ They’re We’re/ They’re friends2.Finish each sentence using contractions in Part 83.Ask five Ss to read their completed sentences out loud4.Check the answersPart 9:Teamwork Task1.Work in teams of four choose one student volunteer. On a piece of paper draw afamily tree for the student volunteer .Ask the volunteer questions to fill in the family tree. Ask about wife/husband, parents , children ,brothers, and sister , write their names in the family tree .then write sentences about the people in the volunteer’s family2.When Ss are doing the task , go around and offer help when it’s necessary3.Ask two teams to act out in front of the class4.Correct their mistakesStep 5: ConclusionReview how to use the words to family members.Step6.Homework1.Review what they have learnt today and copy new words in the exercise book2.Preview Lesson 3板书设计:Introducing My FamilyBe: I’m You’re He’s She’s It’s We’re They’re教案首页Step1:GreetingsStep2:RevisionThe whole class read the words of lesson 3.Step3:Words and Expressions1.The whole class read the new works of lesson 3 after the teacher2.Ask Ss to read them it3.Choose three Ss to read it4.Correct their mistakesStep4:Explain Each PartPart 1.2:Listen and Pair Practice1.Have Ss read the numbers in Part 1 together2.Work in pairs and finish the exercise below.12:twelve 25 twenty-five102 one hundred and two 159 one hundred and fifty-nine3.Ask Ss to write down their answers on the blackboard4.check the answersPart 3:Listen and say it1.Explain the information in job application card to Ss first2.Teach how to read the zip code in English3.Ask Ss to read the conversation after the teacher4.Work in pairs and practice the conversation using the applications given5.Go around the class and offer help when necessary6.Choose some pairs to act out7.Check their mistakesPart 5.6:Listen and say it , Group Practice1.The whole class read the conversation of Part 5 together2.\Work in pair and practice the conversation again by using the applications given inPart 53.Choose two pairs to act out their dialogues4.Ask Ss to work in groups o three in Part 6 and ask the other students in your grouptheir phone numbers, then write each person’s name and telephone number down 5.Choose two groups to read their dialogues outGrammar Check. & Part :1 .Explain grammar about Possessive Adjectives Pronoun Possessive Adjective Example SentencesI My My name is EricYou your Your area code is 0754He/she his/her His/Her teacher is AmericanIt its its tail is blackWe/they our/their Our/their house is in China2Finish the exercises in part3.Check the answers by asking:Part 8:Listen and say it1.Have Ss look at the job Application Form first and be sure that ss understand it2.Ask Ss to read the conversation after the teacher fist3.Choose two Ss to read it out4.Give five minutes to Ss and let them fill in the application with their owninformation5.Ask some Ss to practice the conversation again by using their own information6.Check their mistakesCulture 7&Part 91.Explain some knowledge about titles to Ss first In formal situations , use one ofthese titles before a per son’s name:Mr=A man (Mr is pronounced mister)Ms=A woman (Ms is pronounced Miz)Miss=A single (Miss is pronounced miss)Mrs=A single woman (Mrs is pronounced missuz)2.Have Ss look at the employee directory and explain it to Ss3.Finish Part 9 by asking some SsPart 12 :Pair Practice1.Explain how to address an envelop to Ss2.Give fifty minutes to Ss and let then finish the envelop according to theinformation given below :Return address: 广州市花都区五华直街15号李华Mailing address广东省广州市花都区宝华路10号林小明(收)3.Ask two Ss to write down their answers on the blackboard4.Check the answersStep 5: ConclusionReview how to write the address an envelope.Step6: Homework1.Review what they have learnt2.Copy new words of lesson 33.Finish all the exercises of Review板书设计:What’s Your Number?Possessive Adjectives: my your his her its our their教案首页2010年9月14日3周Step1:GreetingsStep2 :Revision1.The whole class read the words of chapter 1 together2.Review how to address an envelopeStep3: Explain each partPart 1.2.3.41.Ask Ss do read the story after the teacher first2.Explain the main idea of the story3.Ask Ss to finish part 24.Check the answers with the whole class5.Work in pairs and finish part 36.Call on some pair and ask them read out their writing7.Check the mistakes8.Finish park 4 with SsPart 5 6 7:1.Ask Ss to write the words for the numbered items in the picture in part 52.Choose one student to read the answers out3.Check the answers with Ss4.Give ten minutes to Ss and let then read the information of part 6 , then address theenvelope5.Ask two Ss to write down their answers on the board6.Check the answers with Ss7.Give a model example of part 7 and ask Ss to finish the application form with theirpersonal informationPart 8:Teamwork Task1.Ask Ss to work in groups of four and create a directory of names, addresses ,andtelephone numbers of all the students on their teams2.Be sure that Ss understand all the steps of this task3.Go around the class and offer help when necessary4.Explain the goals listed in the box and ask Ss to evaluate they master them or notPart 9.10: Write and Group Practice1.Ask Ss to fill in the missing words in the cartoon story with the words given2.Choose some Ss to read out their answers3.Check the answers with the whole class4.The whole class read the story together5.Work in groups of three , one to be as Alberto another to be as Rosa and the lastone to be as Cindy , then practice the conversation6.Ask sore groups to read it out7.Correct their pronunciationsStep 4: ConclusionReview the important parts of this chapter.Step 5:Homework1.Review the words of chapter 1and be ready for dictation2.Preview Lesson 1 Chapter 2。
基于TMS320C5416 DSK的
DSP实验课程书
本书框架结构
⏹第一章DSP概述
⏹第二章TMS320C5416结构及其开发环境⏹第三章DSP软件开发详解
⏹第四章DSP算法实现之一FFT
⏹第五章DSP算法实现之二FIR
⏹第六章外设和DSK
⏹第七章DSP系统设计
第一章
DSP概述
DSP的含义
狭义理解可为Digital Signal Processor 数字信号处理器。
广义理解可为Digital Signal Processing 译为数字信号处理技术。
前者是指用于数字信号处理的可编程微处理器,后者则是指数字信号处理的理论和方法。
DSP
DSP的结构特点
⏹哈佛结构
⏹多总线结构
⏹指令系统的流水线(pipeline)操作⏹专用的硬件乘法器
⏹特殊的DSP指令
⏹快速的指令周期
⏹硬件配置强
DSP的结构特点
⏹哈佛结构
⏹多总线结构
⏹指令系统的流水线(pipeline)操作⏹专用的硬件乘法器
⏹特殊的DSP指令
⏹快速的指令周期
⏹硬件配置强
DSP的结构特点
⏹哈佛结构
⏹多总线结构
⏹指令系统的流水线操作⏹专用的硬件乘法器
⏹特殊的DSP指令
⏹快速的指令周期
⏹硬件配置强
指令系统的流水线(
DSP的结构特点
⏹哈佛结构
⏹多总线结构
⏹指令系统的流水线(pipeline)操作⏹专用的硬件乘法器
⏹特殊的DSP指令
⏹快速的指令周期
⏹硬件配置强
专用的硬件乘法器
∑
-
()()
A k
B n k
DSP的结构特点
⏹哈佛结构
⏹多总线结构
⏹指令系统的流水线(pipeline)操作⏹专用的硬件乘法器
⏹特殊的DSP指令
⏹快速的指令周期
⏹硬件配置强
快速的指令周期
随着集成电路工艺的发展,DSP广泛的采用微米CMOS制造工艺,其运算速度越来越快。
以TMS320C54x为例,其运算速度可达100MIPS以上。
DSP的结构特点
⏹哈佛结构
⏹多总线结构
⏹指令系统的流水线(pipeline)操作⏹专用的硬件乘法器
⏹特殊的DSP指令
⏹快速的指令周期
⏹硬件配置强
硬件配置强
新一代的DSP芯片的接口功能越来越强,片内具有串口、主机(HPI)、DMA控制器等等。
DSP的优势
⏹精度高
⏹稳定性好
⏹大规模集成⏹高性能指标
局限性
⏹自然界的信号绝大多数是模拟信号
⏹模拟信号处理系统从根本上说是实时的⏹射频(RF,Radio Frequency)信号必须
用模拟信号来实现
DSP的应用领域
⏹经典信号处理:数字滤波、自适应滤波、快速付里叶变换、相关
运算、频谱分析、卷积等。
⏹现代信号处理:AR、ARMA、卡尔曼滤波、小波变换等。
⏹语音处理:语音编码、语音合成、语音识别、语音增强、语音邮
件、语音储存等。
⏹图像/图形:二维和三维图形处理、图像压缩与传输、图像识
别、动画、机器人视觉、多媒体、电子地图、图像增强等。
⏹军事:保密通信、雷达处理、声呐处理、导航、全球定位、跳频
电台、搜索和反搜索等。
⏹仪器仪表:频谱分析、函数发生、数据采集、地震处理等。
⏹自动控制:控制、深空作业、自动驾驶、机器人控制、磁盘控制
等。
⏹医疗:助听、超声设备、诊断工具、病人监护、心电图等。
⏹家用电器:数字音响、数字电视、可视电话、音乐合成、音调控
制、玩具与游戏等。
第二章
TMS320C5416结构及其开发环境
TMS320C54x结构简介
算术逻辑单元(
乘法器
桶形移位器(
(
DSP软件开发环境
⏹德州仪器(TI)的DSP开发环境和工具主要包括以下3个部分:
代码生成工具(编译器,连接器,优化C编译
器,转换工具等);
系统集成及调试环境与工具;
实时操作系统。
其他DSP开发环境
⏹芯片开发商本身研发
ADI公司的VisualDSP++
Tensilica公司的Xtensa Xplorer
ARC International公司的MetaWare等等⏹第三方开发商开发
Green Hills公司的Multi
Metrowerks公司的CodeWarrior等等
VisualDSP++
VisualDSP++ 是ADI(Analog Devices, Inc.)公司针对ADI公司的DSP器件而专门开发的一种使用方便的开发平台。
它支持ADI公司所有系列的DSP处理器。
⏹VisualDSP++的基本特点 源文件编辑
工程管理
VDK等等
MULTI
⏹MULTI开发环境是第三方公司Green Hills 开发的DSP集成开发环境。
⏹MULTI与ADI公司的VisualDSP++ 不同,可以支持多种主流DSP厂商的不同型号的内核。
✧MPC5xx Microcontrollers
MULTI主要性能特点
⏹提供项目管理
⏹集成开发环境
⏹源程序调试
⏹多语言
⏹多RTOS支持
⏹事件分析
⏹运行中错误检查
⏹版本控制系统
⏹文本编辑
⏹代码覆盖率分析
⏹图形浏览等等
Code Composer Studio
CCS (Code Composer Studio)是TI公司推出的一个集成性DSP软件开发工具。
CCS的基本功能
⏹集成可视话代码编辑界面;
⏹集成代码生成工具;
⏹基本调试工具;
⏹支持多DSP调试;
⏹断点工具;
⏹探针工具;
⏹分析工具;
⏹数据的图型显示工具;
⏹支持RTDX技术;
⏹开放式的插件技术;
⏹提供DSP/BIOS工具等等
CCS系统的配置
首先,需要安装CCS应用程序。
CCS应用程序CCS配置程序
CCS setup配置过程
Simulator配置
Emulator配置
CCS的使用
⏹工程的维护
⏹工程的编译和运行
⏹工程的调试
⏹变量查看(Watch)
⏹内存查看(Memory)
⏹寄存器查看(Registers)⏹图形数据显示(Graph)⏹探针点(Probe Points)⏹File I/O
⏹开销估计(Profiling)
⏹工程的维护
新建工程
打开工程
工程中文件的添加和删除
工程的编译和运行
菜单项Project->Build会调用编译器和连接器,将工程中的源文件转化成DSP可执行的.out文件。
生成.out文件需要下载到DSP开发板上才能运行,即使使用软仿真器也是一样。
点击File->Load Program,定位到刚刚生成的.out文件,默认位置在工程目录下的Debug 目录下。
程序下载完毕后,选择Debug->Run或者直接点击工具栏上的图标来运行程序。