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人教版高中英语必修二Unit4HistoryandTraditions知识点总结归纳完整版单选题1、Friendship, ______ on mutual respect and ______ feelings and activities, tends to last long.A．based; sharedB．basing; sharedC．based; sharingD．basing; sharing答案：C考查非谓语动词。
句意：友谊建立在相互尊重、分享感情和活动的基础上，往往会持续久远。
分析句子结构可知，该句谓语动词是 tends to ，base与逻辑主语Friendship之间是被动关系，故要用过去分词形式based作定语修饰Friendship；固定短语base on意为“基于；使建立在……基础上”，其中介词on后应接动名词sharing。
故选C项。
2、Only a(n) ________ of people are interested in that political issue. A．flockB．amountC．handfulD．bagful答案：C考查固定短语。
句意：只有少数人对那个政治问题感兴趣。
A. flock（鸟或羊等动物）群，一大群人；B. amount数量；C. handful一把；少数，少量；D. bagful满口袋。
a handful of 少量的，一小部分。
根据空前的“only”可知只有少数的人对政治感兴趣。
故选C。
3、With the Olympic flame ________, the Beijing 2022 Winter Olympics came to an end on February 20th.A．to extinguishB．extinguishesC．extinguishedD．extinguishing答案：C考查非谓语动词的用法。
Unit 4 History And Traditions1.Confucius n. 孔子2.mansion n.公馆；宅地3.cemetery n.墓地；公墓4.philosophy n. 哲学5.descendant n. 后裔；后代；子孙➢offspring n. 子孙，后代〔辨析〕指人或动植物的后代，常为幽默用法。
〔例证〕Her offspring are diligent and intelligent. 她的孩子们既勤奋又聪明。
➢descendant n. 后代，后裔〔辨析〕指有血缘关系的后代，只用于人。
〔例证〕They are the descendants of Confucius. 他们是孔子的后裔。
6.individual adj. 单独的；个别的n. 个人7.heel n.足跟；（脚、袜子、鞋等的）后跟8.Achilles’ heel （喻）（希腊神话）阿克琉斯的脚跟，致命的弱点9.kingdom n. 王国；领域10.chief adj. 最重要的；最高级别的n. (公司或机构的)首领；酋长11.puzzle n. 谜；智力游戏；疑问vt. 迷惑；使困惑同义词辨析Puzzle、baffle、bewilder、confuse【导航词义：困惑】➢puzzle v. 使困惑，使迷惑〔辨析〕指无法理解某事而感到有些困扰。
〔例证〕What puzzles him is why that movie is so popular.令他不解的是，为什么那部电影如此受欢迎。
➢baffle v. 使困惑，难倒〔辨析〕指完全不能理解或解释问题、行为等。
〔例证〕The cloze test baffled many students in her class.完形填空测验难倒了她班上的很多学生。
➢bewilder v. 使困惑，使迷茫〔辨析〕多指不知所措、无法清楚地思考，通常用被动语态。
〔例证〕She was bewildered by his remarks. 他的话把她给弄糊涂了。
人教版（2023）必修第二册Unit 4 History and Traditions Listening and Talking课件(共20张PPT 内嵌音频)(共20张PPT)新人教版高中英语必修二Unit4 History and TraditionsListening and TalkingWhat he sawWhat he ateHis feelingsHis commentsIf you plan to travel in Pingyao on the coming（即将到来的）Labour Day(劳动节)/May Day. Which aspects（方面）do you want to ask Paul Where he wentWhat he didLead-inMing Qing Street明清一条街Lead-inThe city wall古城墙平遥古城有六座城门，南北各有一座，东西分别有两座，东西门外均筑有附属的瓮城，形如乌龟的头尾和四足，问当地人，形似乌龟，故有“龟城”之称。
Lead-inAncient Government Street古县衙Lead-inRishengchang Bank日昇昌记Lead-inTemples likeZhengguo temple 镇国寺Shuanglin temple 双林寺Lead-inFoods in Ping Yao炒碗托(a kind of wheaten(小麦的) food面食)Shanxi beef with Shanxi aged vinegar/ v n ɡ (r)/山西老陈醋Millet / m l t/ cold cake黄米凉糕Sweet rice 甜米Backpacker Paul is talking to a receptionist at an international hostel inPingyao, China.A BackpackerA receptionistA backpacker is a person who goes travelling with a backpack.Pre-listeningMing-Qing StreetAncient Government OfficeQiao Family CourtyardWang Family CourtyardRishengchang BankMount Mianthe city wallZhengguosi TempleShuanglin TempleListen to the conversation and tick the places mentioned.While-listeningListen and complete the sentences to describe how the speakers felt.I had expected something different. Paul sounded__________________It was like walking into history. Paul sounded _______It wasn’t as big as I had expected. Paul sounded _______Some of the snacks there are amazing. Xiao Yan sounded__________________I had no idea there would be so many tourists. Paul sounded__________________Wow, I can’t believe you didn’t see the wall. Xiao Yan sounded__________________disappointedamazedsurprisedsurpriseddisappointedamazedWhile-listeningXiao Yan: Paul: Hi, Paul. I’m sorry to hear you’re leaving tomorrow. So what did you make of PingyaoWell, to be honest, when I first arrived, I was a little disappointed. I had expected something different. But then I walked into the old city. I was, so amazed! It was like walking into history. So many beautiful buildings from the Ming and Qing dynasties ...TapescriptPost-listeningXiao Yan: Paul: Yes, Pingyao has a long history-over 2,000 years. It used to be a very important banking centre in China.Yes, so I visited the Rishengchang Bank and learnt all about the Jin Businessmen. I’ve got to say though, it wasn’t as big as I had expected. But it was still interesting to learn about what banks were like almost 200 years ago.Post-listeningXiao Yan: Paul: Xiao Yan: Paul: Oh, well, what about the Ming-Qing Street -that’s pretty big. Some of the snacks there are amazing!Oh, that place, yes. But I had no idea there would be so many tourists! So I decided to leave and ride out to Shuanglin Temple.Oh, cool, that’s one of my favourite places! It’s so peaceful out there. Yeah, that place is really quiet. And some of those sculptures一wow! I couldn’t believe how big and lifelike they were.Xiao Yan: Paul: Xiao Yan: Paul: Yes, they’re amazing. So today you walked along the city wall, rightUnfortunately, no. I just didn’t have the time.Wow, I can’t blieve you didn’t see the wall! You have to stay longer, Paul. There’so much more of Pingyao’s history to see.Oh, don’t worry, I’ll be back in Turtle City one day-I just can’t get enough of those beef noodles!Expressing excitement, surprise, and disappointmentI had no idea…I didn't know...I was eager/surprised to see/learn/hear that…It was so much fun!It's so amazing that...It was a little disappointed.Imagine one of you has just visited Pingyao. Role-play the conversation below. Then continue the conversation using the expressions in the box. TalkingA: Wow, I’ve just come back from Pingyao. It was amazing!B: Oh, I loved Pingyao! So did you see the Ming-Qing StreetA: Of course, but I didn’t expect to see so many tourists.B: Yeah, I know what you mean, but there are some great snacks there. How about the …You can change Pingyao to London/Beijing/Lijiang/Tibet...Next pageWork in pairs and continue the conversationB: How about ...A: Well, it wasn't as interesting...... How about the Shuanglin TempleA: Well, it wasn't as interesting as I'd expected. I waseager to see something different.B: Have you visited the city wallA: The city wall I have no idea where it is!B: I can't believe you didn't see the wall. It was really alittle disappointing.A: Then which place impresses you mostB: Rishengchang. The guide told us its history. Itwas so amazing.Show timeWelcome three groups and share your conversations.Homework：Retelling (故事复述)According to the material, retell the story梗要：Paul是一位来到山西平遥观光的青年游客，在离开平遥的前一天国际青年旅社的招待员Xiao Yan 聊起这几天旅行中的经历和感受。
B2U4 History and Traditions 单元目标与要求语法：过去分词作定语和宾语补足语（一）过去分词作定语1.a polluted river 3. a trapped animal2. a river polluted by the water from London 4. an animal trapped in the flood5. the tired boy6. fallen leaves7. the risen sun8. developed countries发现规律：1. 单个的过去分词作定语，修饰名词，往往放在名词的_______________；及物动词的过去分词与被修饰名词之间构成_________________________；常常翻译为“被...的”;2. 过去分词短语作定语，修饰名词，往往放在名词的_____________, 及物动词的过去分词与被修饰名词之间构成_________________________；也常常翻译为“被...的”;3. 有少数几个过去分词单独做定语时，习惯放在被修饰词的后面，如the food left剩下的食物; the people concerned 相关人员; the problem involved相关的问题；4. 某些不及物动词的过去分词，不可以单独做前置定语，但可以与某些副词构成复合形容词作前置定语。
如well-behaved children规规矩矩的孩子；a widely-traveled businessman一个游历广泛的商人；newly-arrived visitors 新来的参观者；a narrowly-minded man心胸狭隘的人（二）过去分词作宾语补足语1. When I came in, I saw a strange girl seated in the corner.2. The next morning people noticed the world outside their houses completely changed.3. They had castles built all around England, and made changes to the legal systems.4. Before driving into the city, you are required to get your car washed.5. He put up a picture of Ma Yun beside the bed to keep himself reminded of his own dreams.6. Don’t leave the windows broken like this all the time.7. I want my house painted white.8. The manager ordered the work finished at the end of this week.9. the outside sight looks beautiful with everything covered with snow.发现规律：1. 感官动词see/hear/notice/observe/watch/feel...宾语+过去分词（短语）2.使役动词have/get/make+宾语+过去分词（短语）3.状态动词keep/leave...+宾语+过去分词（短语）4.表示“愿意、命令”的动词like/want/wish/expect/order...+宾语+过去分词（短语）5.with+宾语+过去分词（短语）实战演练：1.The book, Harry Potter, _____________(write) by is very popular with students.2.Tom was going through the crowd when he heard his name ____________(call).3.With his homework ______________(finish), he went out to play with his friends.4.Medical personnel from the People’s Liberation Army will take over a newly __________(construct) hospital in Wuhan.5.They believe that with all efforts ___________(make) by people from different walks of life, they will surely have the virus _____________(defeat).参考答案：实战演练1. written 2. called 3. finished 4. constructed 5. made, defeated。
Unit4 history and traditionsWHAT’S IN A NAME?the United Kingdom, Great Britain, Britain, England-many people are confused by what these different names mean. So what is the difference between them, if any? Getting to know a little bit about British history will help you solve this puzzle.In the 16th century, the nearby country of Wales was joined to the Kingdom of England. Later, in the 18th century, the country Scotland was joined to create the Kingdom of Great British. In the 19th century, the Kingdom of Ireland was added to create the United Kingdom of Great British and Ireland. Finally, in the 20th century, the southern part of Ireland broke away from the UK, which resulted in the full name we have today: the United Kingdom of Great British and Northern Ireland. Most people just use the shortened name: “the United Kingdom” or “the UK”. People from the UK are called “British”, which means the UK is also often referred to as Britian or Great Britain.The four countries that belong to the United Kingdom work together in some areas. They use the same flag, known as the Union Jack, as well asshare the same currency and military defence. However, they also have some differences. For examples, England, Wales, Scotland, and Northern Ireland all have different education systems and legal systems. They also have their own traditions, like their own national days and national dishes. And they even have their own football teams for competitions like the World Cup!The United Kingdom has a long and interesting history to explore, which can help you understand much more about the country and its traditions. Almost everywhere you go in the UK, you will be surrounded by evidence of four different groups of people who took over at different times throughout history. The first group, the Romans, came in the first century. Some of their great achievements included building towns and roads. Next . the Anglo-Saxons arrived in the fifth century. They introduced the beginning of the English language, and changed the way people built houses. The Viking came in the eighth century, left behind lots of new vocabulary, and also the names of many locations across the UK. The last group were the Normans. They conquered England after the well -known Battle of Hashing in the 11th century. They had castles built all around England, and made changes to the legal system. The Normans were French, so many French words slowly entered into the English language.There is so much more to learn about the interesting history and culture of the United Kingdom. Studying the history of the country will make your visit much more enjoyable. The capital city London is a great place to start, as it is an ancient port city that has a history dating all the way back to Roman times. There are countless historic sites to explore, and lots of museums with ancient relics from all over the UK. The UK is a fascinating mix of history and modern culture, with both new and old traditions. If you keep your eyes open, you will be surprised to find that you can see both its past and its present.Reading and writingBEAUTIFUL IRELAND AND ITS TRADITIONSIreland’s beautiful countryside has always had a great influence on its people and traditions. The country has a long history of producing great writers and poets. Its beautiful countryside excites and inspires all, offering something for each of the senses. The peaceful landscape of the “Emerald Isle” and its many green counties is a true feast for the eyes, with its rolling green hills dotted with sheep and cattle. And down by the sea, the roar of the ocean waves and cries of the seabirds make up the music of the coast. On a quiet morning in the mountains, feel the sun on your skin, and breathe in the sweet scent of fresh flowers while birds greet the new day with their morning song. With all this beauty, it is not surprising that Ireland has developed strong traditions that included music,dancing,and dining. To have a chance of experiencing this, stop bya village pub and relax with a glass of wine or a local beer. Better yet, enjoy a delicious traditional Irish Beef Stew. If you’re lucky, you might be able to enjoy some traditional music and dancing, too. And if you introduce yourself to a friendly face, you are more than likely to experience local culture and customs first-hand.。
