奥巴马的新能源梦想

• 为此，奥巴马精心组织了一个能源、气候和环境管理团 队。领导着一个新设立的白宫委员会，协调新政府能源、 气候和环境政策，号称“能源沙皇”。 主要承担美国能 源产业政策制定以及协调能源企业和产业政策关系的使命； 能源部将集中在新能源技术的开发和政策的执行；环保署 负责监管空气质量；交通部负责制定汽车燃油效率标准。 从奥巴马确定的人选和其职能来看，这是一个实施能源变 革的管理架构和团队，与布什时期的政府的能源管理架构 有了重大区别，也将是奥巴马运转美国能源改革的管理基
• 布什政府还提出了“能源独立计划”,内容包括两个方面： 一是提出要“结束我们对石油的瘾”，进一步削减从国外 进口的石油数量，减少对中东石油的依赖,到2025年减少 从中东进口石油总量的75%。二是要大力发展替代能源，
• 2、国际背景
• （1）生态环境及世界气候变化决定了绿色能源发展的必 然趋势。从 19 世纪中叶到 20 世纪中叶，美国走过了一 条高投入、高消费、高污染的工业化道路。时至今日，美 国的经济增长方式仍然要以消耗大量的原料及能源为基础。 据英国石油公司(BP)统计，2000 年全世界的能源消耗量 为 91.0 亿吨油当量，其中美国就占世界总量的 25%，大 约为 22.9 亿吨。美国人口仅占当年世界人口的 7%，当 年的世界总人口总数为 607 亿人，美国仅为 2.85 亿人。 不到世界二十分之一的人口却消费了四分之一的全球能源。 美国这样消耗能源，使它自身和全球经济都遭遇了困境。 于是美国选择了自我革新，逐步改造的方式，摒弃原来的 高消耗能源战略，调整为可持续并且适应时代要求的新型 能源战略。
• 1.历史背景 • 作为国际能源争夺战中的主角—美国,在过去的40年里,几乎所有的美
国总统都在为能源独立供应而努力。 • 1970年,尼克松就任总统后推出了一个在5年内研制无污染汽车的计划,

执行、环境标准、税收三个管理功能，恢复监管的
２１世纪初美国“能源独立”的能源战略
２００５年８月，布什总统签署了（（２００５美国能源 政策法案》，该法案将增加国内能源供给、降低能源
国际依存度和节约能源、“开源节流”并重，而以往
美国能源战略主要是依靠国外能源资源来保证国内
的能源供应安全，这标志着美国２ ｌ世纪初期的能源
全、清洁、稳定的能源供应
新能源产业以“绿色革命”的方式再创造美国经济
为了应对全球石油供不应求的严峻形势，奥巴
万方数据
一Ｊ＇・嫡二＾，云
第３５卷第９期２０１３年９月Ｔ谢瞄厶，动
１ Ｉ
专家分析
能源经济过渡。
Ｅｘｐｅｒｔ Ａｎａｌｙｓｉｓ
马政府积极推进交通燃料的多元化发展，并向清洁 采取措施有：（１）减少化石燃料的浪费。在２０ 国集团匹兹堡峰会和亚太经贸合作组织会议上，奥 巴马承诺将逐步取消对低效化石燃料的补贴，并采 取措施削减世界石油消费量；（２）增加世界天然气产 量。美国国务院倡议全球各国进行页岩气产量潜能
２．２
源战略
奥巴马上任后首次在国会发表演讲就呼吁国会 与政府一道，促进美国清洁能源的发展。奥巴马指
出，要加强对清洁能源等新能源的投资力度，并重
申要在未来３年内使美国的可再生能源产量翻一
番。能源产业的转型升级和新能源的发展是奥巴马 经济复兴计划的核心内容，其战略目的就是要通过
发展替代清洁能源，引领世界走向更安
美国奥巴马政府新能源战略主要内容
奥巴马政府的能源政策，其核心是引领一场创 新性的新能源技术革命，绿色能源将被打造成为拉 动美国未来经济增长与发展的新动力。
２．１
增加国内石油产量，安全可靠地推进国
同时，将能源外交逐渐延伸到里海地区。 ９９８年４月，美国能源部颁布了新的能源发展 战略，其五大基本目标是：（１）提高能源系统的效率；

●巴拉克・奥巴马两周前，一些伞球最大温窜气体排放国的代表受总统邀请，来华盛顿参加有关气候变化的全球会议。

瞬间闪现一丝希望，这次会议也许不同凡响一一也许美国最终会承诺，采取几乎每一位科学家和专家都认为我们必须采取的措施：也许这个世界上唯一的超级大国，将最终带领世界——或至少跟随世界——对抗地球最大的威胁。

然而，各国代表不远万里来到华盛顿，结果发现，美国政府在解决我们这一代最严峻挑战的意愿和世界各国比还差得远。

有些与会者表示，他们惊诧于美国政府的观点是多么地孤立。

其他的代表则认为总统完全不可信。

有报道指出，谈到气候变化的全球辩论，我国仪仅勉强挨了个边。

那不是我们所了解的美国，也不是我们所认为的美国。

自从一群普通的殖民者证明自由可以战胜专制的那一刻起，我们的国家就一直领先于世界。

我们的国家唤起了人民的勇气，建立了广泛的民主，让一个大陆获得了自由，并给战乱中的世界带来和平。

我们的国家进行对月发射载人飞船并创造科技奇迹，感动了全球千百万的人。

而当地球遭到挑战、遭到威胁的时候，全世界的目光总是转向这个国家，将其视为“地球最后的、最大的希望”。

那才是我作为总统想要领导的美国。

我相信，谈到决定地球生命的真正未来问题，我们依然是地球的最大希望。

当世界来到白宫前的阶梯，来聆听美国对气候变化有何看法的时候，我会让他们知道，美国正迎接挑战，美国已准备好再次领先。

我们还没有因为美国人缺乏聪明才智或创新精神而在能源上落后，我确信，我在这个国家见过太多的创新发明和可能性。

就在新罕布什尔州这里，我曾经在新罕布什尔大学的一个生物柴油泵加油。

今年，大学师生将从大气中消除２００吨以上的二氧化碳。

灰岩、沸石、商岭土、石膏、重晶别是建材及新型非金属矿业进入高速都提高到新的水平・如化肥向高浓度石、花岗石、石墨、滑石、玻璃硅质发展时代。

各种所有制的矿山企业如复合肥料发展；水泥新型干法工艺的原料和硅藻土１３种矿产。

特别在“七雨后春笋般地蓬勃而出，全国非金属应用；多功能混凝土、复合材料混凝五，，期间，发现了一批大型非金属矿矿山达］ｉｌＪ３．７万座（１９９６年），全民办矿土和各种水泥、混凝土制品的研制；床：四川雷波磷矿田；湖南沅陵和河大大促进了非金属矿业的发展。

奥巴马演讲美国的最高能源计划第一篇：奥巴马演讲美国的最高能源计划奥巴马演讲美国的最高能源计划Hello, everybody. In the State of the Union, I laid out three areas we need to focus on if we're going to build an economy that lasts: new American manufacturing, new skills and education for American workers, and new sources of American-made energy. These days, we're getting another painful reminder why developing new energy is so important to our future. Just like they did last year, gas prices are starting to climb. Only this time, it's happening earlier. And that hurts everyone – everyone who owns a car; everyone who owns a business. It means you have to stretch your paycheck（薪水） even further. Some folks have no choice but to drive a long way to work, and high gas prices are like a tax straight out of their paychecks. Now, some politicians always see this as a political opportunity. And since it's an election year, they're already dusting off（抹去灰尘） their three-point plans for $2 gas. I'll save you the suspense: Step one is drill, step two is drill, and step three is keep drilling. We hear the same thing every year. Well the American people aren't stupid. You know that's not a plan – especially since we're already drilling. It's a bumper sticker（车尾贴） . It's not a strategy to solve our energy challenge. It's a strategy to get politicians through an election. You know there are no quick fixes to this problem, and you know we can't just drill our way to lower gas prices. If we're going to take control of our energy future and avoid these gas price spikes down the line, then we need a sustained, all-of-the-above strategy that develops every available source of American energy –oil, gas, wind, solar, nuclear, biofuels, and more. Weneed to keep developing the technology that allows us to use less oil in our cars and trucks; in our buildings and plants. That's the strategy we're pursuing, and that's the only real solution to this challenge. Now, we absolutely need safe, responsible oil production here in America. That's why under my Administration, America is producing more oil today than at any time in the last eight years. In 2010, our dependence on foreign oil was under 50% for the first time in more than a decade. And while there are no short-term silver bullets when it comes to gas prices, I've directed my administration to look for every single area where we can make an impact and help consumers in the months ahead, from permitting to delivery bottlenecks to what's going on in the oil markets. But over the long term, an all-of-the-above energy strategy means we have to do more. It means we have to make some choices. Here's one example. Right now, four billion of your tax dollars subsidize the oil industry every year. Four billion dollars. Imagine that. Maybe some of you are listening to this in your car right now, pulling into a gas station to fill up. As you watch those numbers rise, know that oil company profits have never been higher. Yet somehow, Congress is still giving those same companies another four billion dollars of your money. That's outrageous（粗暴的） . It's inexcusable（不可原谅的） . And it has to stop. A century of subsidies to the oil companies is long enough. It's time to end taxpayer giveaways to an industry that's never been more profitable, and use that money to reduce our deficit and double-down on a clean energy industry that's never been more promising. Because of the investments we've already made, the use of wind and solar energy in this country has nearly doubled –and thousands of Americans have jobs because of it. And because we put in place the toughest fueleconomy standards in history, our cars will average nearly 55 miles per gallon by the middle of the next decade – something that, over time, will save the typical family more than $8,000 at the pump. Now Congress needs to keep that momentum going by renewing the clean energy tax credits that will lead to more jobs and less dependence on foreign oil. Look, we know there's no silver bullet that will bring down gas prices or reduce our dependence on foreign oil overnight. But what we can do is get our priorities straight, and make a sustained, serious effort to tackle this problem. That's the commitment we need right now. And with your help, it's a commitment we can make. Thanks.第二篇：美国总统奥巴马电台的演讲WASHINGTON –In his weekly address, President Obama focused on Women’s History Month and paid homage to the accomplishments of former First Lady Eleanor Roosevelt in the effort to increase the role of women in government. Despite the important strides that have been made to create a more equal society, he emphasized his resolve to pass the Paycheck Fairness Act as an important step towards achieving egalitarian status for women.Prepared Remarks of PresidentBarack Obama Weekly AddressSaturday, March 5, 2011March is Women’s History Month, a time not only to celebrate the progress that women have made, but also the women throughout our history who have made that progress possible.One inspiring American who comes to mind is Eleanor Roosevelt. In 1961, the former First Lady was unhappy about the lack of women in government, so she marched up to PresidentKennedy and handed him a three-page list of women who were qualified for top posts in his administration. This led the President to select Mrs. Roosevelt as the head of a new commission to look at the status of women in America, and the unfairness they routinely faced in their lives.Though she passed away before the commission could finish its work, the report they released spurred action across the country. It helped galvanize a movement led by women that would help make our society a more equal place.It’s been almost fifty years since the Roosevelt commission published its findings – and there have been few similar efforts by the government in the decades that followed. That’s why, last week, here at the White House, we released a new comprehensive report on the status of women in the spirit on the one that was released half a century ago.There was a lot of positive news about th e strides we’ve made, even in recent years. For example, women have caught up with men in seeking higher education. In fact, women today are more likely than men to attend and graduate from college.Yet, there are also reminders of how much work remains to be done. Women are still more likely to live in poverty in this country. In education, there are areas like math and engineering where women are vastly outnumbered by their male counterparts. This is especially troubling, for we know that to compete with nations around the world, these are the fields in which we need to harness the talents of all our people. That’s how we’ll win the future.And, today, women still earn on average only about 75 cents for every dollar a man earns. That’s a huge discrepancy. And at a time when folks across this country are struggling to make endsmeet –and many families are just trying to get by on one paycheck after a job loss –it’s a reminder that achieving equal pay for equal work isn’t just a women’s issue. It’s a fami ly issue.In one of my first acts as President, I signed a law so that women who’ve been discriminated against in their salaries could have their day in court to make it right. But there are steps we should take to prevent that from happening in the first place. That’s why I was so disappointed when an important bill to give women more power to stop pay disparities –the Paycheck Fairness Act – was blocked by just two votes in the Senate. And that’s why I’m going to keep up the fight to pass the reforms in that bill.Achieving equality and opportunity for women isn’t just important to me as President. It’s something I care about deeply as the father of two daughters who wants to see his girls grow up in a world where there are no limits to what they can achieve.As I’ve traveled across the country, visiting schools and meeting young people, I’ve seen so many girls passionate about science and other subjects that were traditionally not as open to them. We even held a science fair at the White House, where I met a young woman named Amy Chyao. She was only 16 years old, but she was actually working on a treatment for cancer. She never thought, “Science isn’t for me.” She never thought, “Girls can’t do that.” She was just interested in solving a problem. And because someone was interested in giving her a chance, she has the potential to improve lives.That tells me how far we’ve come. But it also tells me we have to work even harder to close the gaps that still exist, and to uphold that simple American ideal: we are all equal anddeserving of the chance to pursue our own version of happiness. That’s what Eleanor Roosevelt was striving toward half a century ago. That’s why this report matters today. And that’s why, on behalf of all our daughters and our sons, we’ve got to keep making progress in the years ahead.第三篇：奥巴马对美国中学生的演讲奥巴马：:我们的教育我们的未来（2009年9月8日弗吉尼亚州阿灵顿威克菲尔德高中）大家好，大家今天都好吗？我现在是和弗吉尼亚州韦柯菲尔德高中的学生在一起。