2019年高考英语考纲解读与热点难点突破专题04形容词和副词热点难点突破含答案

专题19 去伪存真短文改错一、Whenever we hear about “the homeless”，most of us think of the developing world.But the1 is that homelessness is everywhere.For example，how many of us would expect to see people living on the streets of a2 country like Germany?Kurt Muller and his wife Rita have spent eleven years making 3 for the homeless of Berlin，Germany’s capital.They first 4 in one long hot summer when most Germans were 5 on holiday.Kurt and his wife stayed at home，made sandwiches， 6 .The Mull ers soon realized that food and clothing weren’t 7 .“What these people also need is warmth and 8 ，” says Rita.The Mullers didn’t 9 to give their phone number to the street people and told them to phone anytime.Rita 10 there was somebody at home to answer the phone and their home was always 11 to anyone who couldn’t face another night on the street.The couple were soon 12 all their time and money，so Kurt visited food and clothing companies to 13 donations.Today，over thirty companies 14 donate food and other goods to the cause and volunteers help to 15 them to the homeless.The public also give clothes and money and a shoe producer 16 new shoes.Kurt and Rita receive no 17 for their hard work.“We feel like parents，” sa ys Rita，“and parents shouldn’t 18 money for helping their children.The love we get on the streets is our salary.” Though Rita admits she often gets 19 ，she says she will continue with her work because she likes the feeling of having made a 20 in the world.1.A.result B.truthC.reasonD.idea答案 B2.A.traditional B.developingC.typicalD.wealthy答案 D解析traditional传统的；developing发展中的；typical典型的；wealthy富裕的。

Ⅰ.语法填空1The chrysanthemum(菊花) comes from China and was recorded in some Chinese books as early as the5th century BC.The flower 1. (introduce) to Japan during the Tang Dynasty.It usually begins to bloom(开花) in the 9th lunar month，lending a festive atmosphere to Double Ninth Day.That’s why the month is also referred to 2. “the month of chrysanthemum”．The flower has been favored by 3. (poet) through the ages，because it is one of the only flowers that bloom in late autumn.Du Fu，a great Tang Dynasty poet，wrote more than ten poems singing the praises of the flower.Chinese people 4. (be) fond of enjoying chrysanthemums on Double Ninth Day longbefore.Chrysanthemum displays were usually held immediately after 5. day in some regions of China in the Qing Dynasty.People in Beijing began to stick chrysanthemums on doors and windows 6. (get) rid of the bad luck and bring in the good one,7. was an alteration(改变) of the custom of 8. (wear) chrysanthemums on people’s heads.At these displays family members accompany their elders to have a relaxing day in a natural atmosphere while wishing for good health and 9. (happy) for them.The displays are often 10. (live) with a sea of visitors.语篇解读文章讲述了菊花的历史、文化及相关的一些活动及意义。

一、单句改错1．First，figure out the mainly reason why you hate school.Is it the study pressure or the school environment that you don't like? ______________【解析】修饰名词reason应用形容词，故把mainly改为main。

【答案】mainly→main2．The more he explained，the much confused I became. ______________5．When he looked up，he suddenly found himself surrounded by a group of teenagers，who looked at him anxious. ______________【解析】用副词修饰动词短语。

anxious为形容词，故应改为anxiously。

【答案】anxious→anxiously x-kw6．This book isn't as cheaper as that one. ______________【解析】考查as＋adj./adv. 原级＋as。

【答案】cheaper→cheap7．The Yellow River is the second longer river in China. ______________【解析】第二大长河用最高级。

【答案】longer→longest8．Anyway，I'll get used to living here and hope everything will be more better soon. ______________【解析】两个比较级不能同时出现。

【答案】去掉more或more→much9．At school，all the teachers work very hardly，encouraging us to build up our confidence. ______________【解析】work hard努力工作，固定短语。

专题01 名词Ⅰ.语法填空1The chrysanthemum(菊花) comes from China and was recorded in some Chinese books as early as the 5th century BC.The flower 1. (introduce) to Japan during the Tang Dynasty.It usually begins to bloom(开花) in the 9th lunar month，lending a festive atmosphere to Double Ninth Day.That’s why the month is also referred to 2.“the month of chrysanthemum”．The flower has been favored by 3. (poet) through the ages，because it is one of the only flowers that bloom in late autumn.Du Fu，a great Tang Dynasty poet，wrote more than ten poems singing the praises of the flower.Chinese people 4. (be) fond of enjoying chrysanthemums on Double Ninth Day long before.Chrysanthemum displays were usually held immediately after 5. day in some regions of China in the Qing Dynasty.People in Beijing began to stick chrysanthemums on doors and windows 6. (get) rid of the bad luck and bring in the good one,7. was an alteration(改变) of the custom of 8. (wear) chrysanthemums on people’s heads.At these displays family members accompany their elders to have a relaxing day in a natural atmosphere while wishing for good health and 9. (happy) for them.The displays are often 10. (live) with a sea of visitors.3．答案poets解析考查名词的数。

专题01 名词Ⅰ.语法填空1The chrysanthemum(菊花) comes from China and was recorded in some Chinese books as early as the 5th century BC.The flower 1. (introduce) to Japan during the Tang Dynasty.It usually begins to bloom(开花) in the 9th lunar month，lending a festive atmosphere to Double Ninth Day.That’s why the month is also referred to 2.“the month of chrysanthemum”．The flower has been favored by 3. (poet) through the ages，because it is one of the only flowers that bloom in late autumn.Du Fu，a great Tang Dynasty poet，wrote more than ten poems singing the praises of the flower.Chinese people 4. (be) fond of enjoying chrysanthemums on Double Ninth Day long before.Chrysanthemum displays were usually held immediately after 5. day in some regions of China in the Qing Dynasty.People in Beijing began to stick chrysanthemums on doors and windows 6. (get) rid of the bad luck and bring in the good one,7. was an alteration(改变) of the custom of 8. (wear) chrysanthemums on people’s heads.At these displays family members accompany their elders to have a relaxing day in a natural atmosphere while wishing for good health and 9. (happy) for them.The displays are often 10. (live) with a sea of visitors.3．答案poets解析考查名词的数。

2019高考卷重难点总结难点之一：熟词生义熟词生义是历年高考中的重点、难点。

例如全国一卷阅读B篇中的trip （讲话磕巴）、全国一卷阅读D篇中的mean（刻薄的；不善良的）、tap（开发；发掘）、employ（应用；运用）、全国一卷完形中的shade （浓淡深浅；色度）、全国二卷阅读D篇中break（休假）、review（审查；评审）、全国三卷阅读A篇中的present（上演）、全国三卷阅读B篇中的fuel（刺激；加强）、全国三卷阅读D篇中的value（数值）等等。

熟词生义训练1. She posted a photo of the note and cash on the Internet. The photo got thousands of likes.熟义：喜欢；喜爱生义：点赞2. Now, more than 50,000 people pack the streets of Buñol, Spain, armed with cheap tomatoes.熟义：打包生义：涌进；挤满3. We celebrate my grandmother’s courage.熟义：庆祝生义：赞美4. The phone rang when I was about to break the bad news.熟义：打破生义：（第一个将坏消息）透露5. Visitors can catch a wonderful fireworks show in the evening.熟义：抓住生义：观看6. We did need a sign. But our sign would encourage sharing and community.熟义：社区生义：共享7. I just stopped and decided to watch carefully its walking nature.熟义：自然生义：特点8. I can still picture the house I grew up in.熟义：图片生义：想象；设想9. He didn’t reply, but I saw his expression turn sour.熟义：酸的；有酸味的生义：阴郁的；闷闷不乐的10. The matter remains an open question.熟义：打开的生义：待决定的11. Mountain Lake has existed for a long time, and the mystery that surrounds the lake seems to have been around for a million years.熟义：围绕；环绕生义：存在着12. The beauty of this natural setting will delight many more visitors for years to come.熟义：放置（set的分词形式）生义：环境13．Then Wieboldt was taken to a hospital in Mineola, where doctors treated him for a heart attack.熟义：对待；看待生义：治疗；医治14. A year later, Davy accepted Faraday as his lab assistant.熟义：接受生义：接纳（为成员、会员）15. The couple had already seen plenty of crocodile tracks running through the mud.熟义：小道；小径生义：踪迹；痕迹16. I remember my father arguing with his friends about Ali’s decision not to serve in the US army.熟义：招待生义：服役17. Thanks to her Internet friend, Susan had received medical treatment she badly needed and is doing well.熟义：不好地；拙劣地生义：很；非常18. When the Lascaux cave complex was discovered in 1940, the world was amazed.熟义：复杂的生义：建筑群19.On the first day, I went to my second period class after I had missed my first.熟义：一段时间；时期生义：学时；课20. A great number of people like to build their muscles.熟义：建筑；建造生义：锻炼21. I personally love reading in that I can be transported to another world —I often forget the time or things around me!熟义：运输生义：带入22. That summer I spent almost every Sunday morning on the golf course with my father.熟义：课程生义：球场23.When he looked toward the sea, he noticed a small shape that came out of the water.熟义：形状生义：模糊的影子24. Martinez and other researchers have developed a new design method that shows promise in enabling the production of soft robots using a 3D printer.熟义：承诺生义：获得成功的迹象25. Music companies are now cracking down on this practice. Sharing music online without permission is theft.熟义：练习生义：习惯做法26. One way to get closer to this world is to become a movie extra.熟义：额外的生义：群众演员27．It can sometimes take a whole day to shoot a scene that appears for just a few minutes on the screen.熟义：发射；射击生义：拍摄难点之二：词性转换例如全国一卷阅读C篇中的market（名词动化：推销；促销）、全国一卷阅读D篇中的score（名词动化：给……打分；评分）、全国一卷阅读七选五中的age（名词动化：使变老；老化）、全国二卷阅读B篇中的coach（名词动化：训练；指导）、全国二卷阅读D篇中ready（形容词动化：做好准备）等等。

专题05 形容词、副词——精讲深剖单句语法填空1.(2019·全国Ⅰ卷)It is difficult to figure out a global population of polar bears as much of the range has been (poor) studied;【答案】poorly【解析】考查形容词副词的相互转化。

空格处的词应该修饰后面的动词studied,故用副词poorly。

句意：很难计算出全球北极熊的数量，因为已经对北极熊的分布范围进行的研究还不够；2.(2019·全国II卷)Her years of hard work have been (final)acknowledged after a customer nominated （提名）her to be Chelshire’s Woman Of The Year.【答案】finally【解析】考查形容词副词的相互转化。

空格处的词应该修饰后面的动词acknowledged,故用副词finally。

句意：在一位顾客提名她(提名)为切尔什尔年度最佳女性后，她多年的辛勤工作(最终)得到了认可。

3.(2019·全国III卷)They also shared with us many traditional stories about Hawaii that were (huge) popular with visitors.【答案】hugely【解析】考查形容词副词的相互转化。

空格后的popular 是形容词，应该被副词修饰，故填hugely。

句意：他们还与我们分享了许多关于夏威夷的传统故事，这些故事在游客中很受欢迎。

4.(2018·全国Ⅰ)According to a review of evidence in a medical journal，runners live three years (long) than non-runners.【答案】longer【解析】考查副词的比较等级。

2019年高考英语考试大纲解读（含答案）《2019年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试大纲》（英语）中有关语言知识的要求:要求考生掌握并能运用英语语音、词汇、语法基础知识以及所学功能意念和话题，要求词汇量为右。

3500 左高考试卷对语言知识的考查主要体现于完形填空和语法填空。

核心语法，构建网络，不纠缠褊难怪”词法、句法、章法是语法的灵魂，对于这三个要素要形成体系，不要支离破碎地学习，尽量掌握核心内容，不要把重心放在偏难怪”且有争议的语法现象上。

可以制作一个语法知识本，以梳理核心语法知识，形成自己的知识网络，进而提升借助语法进行阅读和写作的能力。

如牢记常见的不可数名词，如advice, equipment, evidence, fun, furniture, information, luck, news, luggage/baggage, progress 等牢记核心的词形变化，如warm — warmth, argue— argument, strong—strength, just—justice, unjust —injustice, explain —explanation 等。

题型1完形填空全国卷对完形填空的考查，近几年来一直以记叙文和夹叙夹议文为主，以说明文和议论文为辅，2018 年全国卷II和全国卷出的完形填空就选用了记叙文，全国卷I采用了夹叙夹议文。

从选材到试题的设置都呈现出“稳中有变”的特点：1.题材相对稳定：文章的选材都是中学生熟悉的话题，能够传递正能量，弘扬社会主义核心价值观，读后能给考生带来心灵的启迪。

且文章大多原汁原味，语言地道，注重思想性和教育性，具有积极的教育意义，体现出了课程标准中对培养学生的情感、态度和价值观的要求。

2.文章短小精悍：完形填空的文章长度一般为250词左右，结构完整，脉络清晰，难度适中，全文设置20个空格，要求考生根据文章的整体内容，从层次结构和上下文的逻辑关系方面选择符合文章情节的选项，很少涉及纯语法知识试题。

高考英语语法词汇专项突破：形容词和副词比较级结构重难点解读养成良好的答题习惯，是决定高考英语成败的决定性因素之一。

做题前，要认真阅读题目要求、题干和选项，并对答案内容作出合理预测;答题时，切忌跟着感觉走，最好按照题目序号来做，不会的或存在疑问的，要做好标记，要善于发现，找到题目的题眼所在，规范答题，书写工整;答题完毕时，要认真检查，查漏补缺，纠正错误。

总之，在最后的复习阶段，学生们不要加大练习量。

在这个时候，学生要尽快找到适合自己的答题方式，最重要的是以平常心去面对考试。

英语最后的复习要树立信心，考试的时候遇到难题要想“别人也难”，遇到容易的则要想“细心审题”。

越到最后，考生越要回归基础，单词最好再梳理一遍，这样有利于提高阅读理解的效率。

另附高考复习方法和考前30天冲刺复习方法。

[比较级考题展示]【考题1】（2021全国甲卷）After spending some time looking at all the defensive equipment at the wall, we decided it was time for some action and what (good) than to ride on a piece of history!答案与解析：better。

考查形容词比较级。

根据后文than可知，此处应用形容词good的比较级better。

故填better。

句意：在花了一些时间查看了城墙上所有的防御设备之后，我们决定是时候采取一些行动了，还有什么比骑在历史上更好的呢。

【考题2】（2021新高考I卷）The amazing thing about the spring is that the colder the temperature gets, the (hot) the spring!答案与解析：hotter。

考查形容词比较级。

此处根据前面的the colder和空白处的冠词the看出是固定结构“the +比较级，the+比较级”，意为“越……，越……”。

专题03 代词Ⅰ.语法填空It feels great when you make someone smile，1. (especial) the old.My neighbors are 2. old couple.They are always full of positive atmosphere.They havea little basil plant at their lobby area.The husband，Jack，waters it regularly，prays and 3. (take) care of it like a small baby.The weather is very hot now，so he spends so much time withit.Then Jack and his wife had to travel and leave 4. about 3 to 4 weeks and was very5. (worry) about the basil plant.We overheard him6. (discuss) this with hiswife.When he left，we 7. (decide) to take care of the basil plant just like he would ifhe were still home himself.That morning when they returned we were all eagerly waiting for 8. (they)，especiallyJack，to see his 9. (react)！He smiled at the gate and told his wife，“See，our basilplant is still fresh and green.” His wife responded，“It might have been because of all yourlove for it！”10． was such a great feeling to hear that interaction.语篇解读帮助别人，快乐自己。

专题04 形容词和副词Ⅰ.语法填空1All China’s major cities have good transport 1. (network)．There are tour buses，minibuses，taxis，as well as public buses.Public buses in Chinese towns are always 2. (crowd)．The fare depends on distance，and 3. (be) payable to the conductors of buses.A taxi is often 4. most convenient means of travel in the city.They are availableat airports，railway stations and hotels and even in urban areas.The total fare depends on the starting meter price,5. can range from 5 to 12 yuan，and the distance.Extra fees 6. (charge) for waiting and low speed driving during traffic jams.If you take a taxi after 11 pm，a 20 percent surcharge applies over the basic fare.The minibus is a compromise between the 7. (relative) expensive taxis and full public transport.Their charge is a little more than that of the bus，about 2 yuan or more 8. (depend)on distance，but it is very convenient，because it can stop 9. any point you want alongthe route.Tour buses，normally 10. (equip) with air conditioning and TV，are managed by travel agencies，hotels and airports and provided for short tours.A tour guide is usually present onsuch buses.语篇解读中国所有主要城市都有良好的交通网络，有旅游巴士、迷你巴士、出租车，还有公共汽车。

【2019年高考考纲解读】往年考查的重点是形容词和副词的比较级和最高级的用法。

近三年来考点开始涉及多个形容词作前置定语的排列顺序、形容词及形容词短语作状语，形容词和副词的词义比较和具体运用。

要复习好这一块的知识，考生不仅要弄清其词形、词义、功能等基础知识，还要掌握同义词辨析和一词多义等重点知识。

【重点知识梳理】一、形容词和副词的基本用法1．形容词在句中的作用。

(1)形容词在句中可作定语、表语和补语。

(2)形容词在句中也可作状语，用来表示主语所处的状态。

He was lying in bed，dead.(3)alone/afraid/asleep/awake/alive/ashamed/ill/well(身体好)等常用作表语而不用作定语。

如：He is an ill man.(错)The man is ill.(对)She is an afraid girl.(错)The girl is afraid.(对)(4)two-year-old/200-metre-long/one-thousand-word等复合形容词中的名词要用单数，一般只用作前置定语。

如：Tom is a two-year-old boy.2．副词在句中的作用。

副词在句中一般用作状语，修饰动词、形容词或其他副词，也可修饰整个句子。

如：Obviously you are wrong.二、常用连接性副词的用法1．though用作副词时，常在句末，意为“然而，可是”，表示转折意义。

2．therefore“因此，所以”，表示结果。

3．meanwhile“与此同时，在此期间”，表示前后分句的动作同时发生。

4．moreover“另外”，表示承接关系。

5．however“然而”，表示让步、转折，常用逗号与句子的其他成分隔开。

6．besides“另外；还有”，表示递进关系。

7．instead“相反”，表示前后分句意义相反。

三、形容词、副词的比较级及最高级1．平级比较(1)as＋形容词/副词原级＋as像……一样(2)as＋adj.＋a/an＋名词＋as像……一样的……(3)as much＋a/an＋名词＋as和……一样是……(4)not as/so＋形容词/副词原级＋as...不如……那样……①Henry is a worker as good as Peter (is)．＝Henry is as good a worker as Peter (is)．Henry和Peter一样都是好工人。

《2019年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试大纲》（英语）中有关阅读的要求：要求考生能读懂书、报、杂志中关于一般性话题的简短文段以及公告、说明、广告等，并能从中获取相关信息。

考生应能：（1）理解主旨要义；（2）理解文中具体信息；（3）根据上下文推断单词和短语的含义；（4）做出判断和推理；（5）理解文章的基本结构；（6）理解作者的意图、观点和态度。

【解读】阅读是我国考生学习和使用外语的最主要途径，因此，阅读理解在试卷中占权重较大。

该部分要求考生读懂熟悉的有关日常生活话题的简短文字材料，例如公告、说明、广告以及书、报、杂志中关于一般性话题的简短文章。

考生应能：2. 理解文中具体信息文章主题和中心思想的阐述往往需要大量细节信息的支持，这些细节信息对于理解全文内容至关重要，同时也是归纳和概括文章中心思想的基础。

具体信息有时可以直接从文章中获取，有时则需要进行归纳、概括和推断后才能得到。

3. 根据上下文推断单词和短语的含义阅读文章时，常常会遇到一些过去未见过的单词和短语，但许多这类词语的含义可以通过上下文推断出来。

这种不使用词典而通过阅读上下文来推断词语含义的能力，是一个合格的读者必须具备的能力，因此也是阅读理解部分经常考查的一种能力。

4.根据所读内容作出判断和推理在实际的阅读活动中，常常需要根据文章提供的事实和线索，进行逻辑推理，推测作者未明确提到的事实或某事件发展的趋势等。

这种判断和推理的能力是阅读理解能力的重要构成部分，因而也是阅读理解部分重点考查的能力之一。

6. 理解作者的意图、观点和态度每篇文章都有一个特定的写作目的，或是向读者传递某个信息，或是愉悦读者，或是讲授某个道理。

而这些信息通常并不是明确表达出来，而是隐含在文章之中。

因此，读者需要在理解文章总体内容的基础上，去领会作者的言外之意。

【说明文】【样题】(2018·全国新课标I，D)We may think we’re a culture that gets rid of our worn technology at the first sight of something shiny and new, but a new study shows that we keep using our old devices (装置) well after they go out of style. That’s bad news for the environment – and our wallets – as these outdated devices consume much more energy than the newer ones that do the same things.To figure out how much power these devices are using, Callie Babbitt and her colleagues at the Rochester Institute of Technology in New York tracked the environmental costs for each product throughout its life – from when its minerals are mined to when we stop using the device. This method provided a readout for how home energy use has evolved since the early 1990s. Devices were grouped by generation. Desktop computers, basic mobile phones, and box-set TVs defined 1992. Digital cameras arrived on the scene in 1997. And MP3 players, smart phones, and LCD TVs entered homes in 2002, before tablets and e-readers showed up in 2007.As we accumulated more devices, however, we didn’t throw out our old ones.“The living-room television is replaced and gets planted in the kids’ room, and suddenly one day, you have a TV in every room of the house,” said one researcher. The average number of electronic devices rose from four per household in 1992 to 13 in 2007. We’re not just keeping these old devices– we continue to use them. According to the analysis of Babbitt’s team, old desktop monitors and box TVs with cathode ray tubes are the worst devices with their energy consumption andcontribution to greenhouse gas emissions (排放) more than doubling during the 1992 to 2007 window.So what’s the solution (解决方案)? The team’s data only went up to 2007, but the researchers also explored what would happen if consumers replaced old products with new electronics that serve more than one function, such as a tablet for word processing and TV viewing. They found that more on-demand entertainment viewing on tablets instead of TVs and desktop computers could cut energy consumption by 44%.32. What does the author think of new devices?A. They are environment-friendly.B. They are no better than the old.C. They cost more to use at home.D. They go out of style quickly.33. Why did Babbitt’s team conduct the research?A. To reduce the cost of minerals.B. To test the life cycle of a product.C. To update consumers on new technology.D. To find out electricity consumption of the devices.34. Which of the following uses the least energy?A. The box-set TV.B. The tablet.C. The LCD TV.D. The desktop computer.35. What does the text suggest people do about old electronic devices?A. Stop using them.B. Take them apart.C. Upgrade them.D. Recycle them.【文章大意】本文是一篇科普说明文。

专题04 阅读理解《2019年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试大纲》（英语）中有关阅读的要求：要求考生能读懂书、报、杂志中关于一般性话题的简短文段以及公告、说明、广告等，并能从中获取相关信息。

考生应能：（1）理解主旨要义；（2）理解文中具体信息；（3）根据上下文推断单词和短语的含义；（4）做出判断和推理；（5）理解文章的基本结构；（6）理解作者的意图、观点和态度。

【解读】阅读是我国考生学习和使用外语的最主要途径，因此，阅读理解在试卷中占权重较大。

该部分要求考生读懂熟悉的有关日常生活话题的简短文字材料，例如公告、说明、广告以及书、报、杂志中关于一般性话题的简短文章。

考生应能：2. 理解文中具体信息文章主题和中心思想的阐述往往需要大量细节信息的支持，这些细节信息对于理解全文内容至关重要，同时也是归纳和概括文章中心思想的基础。

具体信息有时可以直接从文章中获取，有时则需要进行归纳、概括和推断后才能得到。

3. 根据上下文推断单词和短语的含义阅读文章时，常常会遇到一些过去未见过的单词和短语，但许多这类词语的含义可以通过上下文推断出来。

这种不使用词典而通过阅读上下文来推断词语含义的能力，是一个合格的读者必须具备的能力，因此也是阅读理解部分经常考查的一种能力。

4.根据所读内容作出判断和推理在实际的阅读活动中，常常需要根据文章提供的事实和线索，进行逻辑推理，推测作者未明确提到的事实或某事件发展的趋势等。

这种判断和推理的能力是阅读理解能力的重要构成部分，因而也是阅读理解部分重点考查的能力之一。

6. 理解作者的意图、观点和态度每篇文章都有一个特定的写作目的，或是向读者传递某个信息，或是愉悦读者，或是讲授某个道理。

而这些信息通常并不是明确表达出来，而是隐含在文章之中。

因此，读者需要在理解文章总体内容的基础上，去领会作者的言外之意。

【说明文】【样题】(2018·全国新课标I，D)We may think we’re a culture that gets rid of our worn technology at the first sight of something shiny and new, but a new study shows that we keep using our old devices (装置) well after they go out of style. That’s bad news for the environment– and our wallets – as these outdated devices consume much more energy than the newer ones that do the same things.To figure out how much power these devices are using, Callie Babbitt and her colleagues at the Rochester Institute of Technology in New York tracked the environmental costs for each product throughout its life –from when its minerals are mined to when we stop using the device. This method provided a readout for how home energy use has evolved since the early 1990s. Devices were grouped by generation. Desktop computers, basic mobile phones, and box-set TVs defined 1992. Digital cameras arrived on the scene in 1997. And MP3 players, smart phones, and LCD TVs entered homes in 2002, before tablets and e-readers showed up in 2007.As we accumulated more devices, however, we didn’t throw out our old ones.“The living-room television is replaced and gets planted in the kids’ room, and suddenly one day, you have a TV in every room of the house,” said one researcher. The average number of electronic devices rose from four per household in 1992 to 13 in 2007. We’re not just keeping these old devices– we continue to use them. According to the analysis of Babbitt’s team, old desktop monitors and boxTVs with cathode ray tubes are the worst devices with their energy consumption and contribution to greenhouse gas emissions (排放) more than doubling during the 1992 to 2007 window.So what’s the solution(解决方案)? The team’s data only went up to 2007, but the researchers also explored what would happen if consumers replaced old products with new electronics that serve more than one function, such as a tablet for word processing and TV viewing. They found that more on-demand entertainment viewing on tablets instead of TVs and desktop computers could cut energy consumption by 44%.32. What does the author think of new devices?A. They are environment-friendly.B. They are no better than the old.C. They cost more to use at home.D. They go out of style quickly.33. Why did Babbitt’s team conduct the research?A. To reduce the cost of minerals.B. To test the life cycle of a product.C. To update consumers on new technology.D. To find out electricity consumption of the devices.34. Which of the following uses the least energy?A. The box-set TV.B. The tablet.C. The LCD TV.D. The desktop computer.35. What does the text suggest people do about old electronic devices?A. Stop using them.B. Take them apart.C. Upgrade them.D. Recycle them.【文章大意】本文是一篇科普说明文。

专题21 书面表达一、假定你是李华，你所在的校运动俱乐部将面向外国朋友开设太极(Tai Chi)课。

请写一封邮件，邀请你校的英国交换生Peter参加。

要点如下：1．上课时间与地点；2．报名的截止日期。

注意：1．词数100左右；2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。

Dear Peter，________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours，Li Hua二、假定你是李华，你的英国朋友Peter很想了解中国文物的故事，请你根据以下要点，写一封邮件向他推荐CCTV－3的《国家宝藏》(National Treasure)节目。

内容包括：1．节目内容：介绍中国重点文物的故事；2．节目目的：感受中国悠久的传统文化。

注意：1．词数100左右；2．可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3．信的开头与结尾已写好，不计入总词数。

Dear Peter，How is everything going？________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Hope you will like the programme.Yours，Li Hua【答案】Dear_Peter，How_is_everything_going？I am very glad that you would like to know something about our historical relics. Let me recommend National Treasure on CCTV－3 to you，which is a cultural exploration programme.①As you know，China is well－known for its long history，leaving behind lots of amazing cultural relics，which form the unique cultural name cards of China.②So National Treasure tries to cover the origin and interesting stories of main historical treasures stored in our famous national history museums，reminding people of our long excellent traditional culture.③I have the confidence that you will have a better understanding of our cultural relics by watching it.Hope_you_will_like_the_programme.Yours，Li_Hua三、假定你是李华，你校英语协会招聘志愿者，接待来访的国外中学生。