death penalty

正方一辩稿：自意大利著名刑法学家贝卡利亚（Beccaria）提出死刑废除论以来，死刑的存废问题一直被广泛讨论，至今仍无定论。

在此问题上，我方观点是The death penalty is acceptable in some cases.死刑是什么？死刑即生命刑，指行刑者基于法律所赋予的权力，结束一个犯了严重罪行的犯人的生命。

我们认为严重罪行是指那些给社会公众的安全带来了严重危害的行为。

包括杀人、间接造成大量人员伤亡的严重经济犯罪等等。

我们将从社会公平与正义、人们对于死刑的看法等角度来阐述。

首先，我方认为严重罪行情境下，对犯罪人员采用死刑是正义、公平的最高体现，那些用残忍手段给他人带来严重伤害的人理应受到相称的处罚，尤其是剥夺无辜者生命的人。

另一方面，中国近十年来对死刑存废问题的调查显示，50%以上的人都反对废除死刑，在2010年的调查中，高达92%的人反对废除死刑。

因此，我方认为为了维持社会秩序的稳定，死刑在特定情景下是可接受的，而在中国，保留死刑也是大多数民众所持的观点。

Since Beccaria ,a famous jurist from Italy put forward the abolition of death penalty theory, whether to abolish the death penalty has been widely discussed. Our view isthat the death penalty is acceptable in some cases. What is death penalty? Death penalty refers to a executioner who has the authorities granted by law, can end a criminal`s life . And the criminal must have committed serious crimes such as murderand severe economic crimes. Their acts have serious damage to the public security.We will prove our view from two dimensions: social justice and public opinion poll.On the one hand, in our opinion, the death penalty is the highest embodiment of justice and fairness. Those who bring serious harm to other people by cruel means should deserve commensurate punishment, especially who deprive the innocent life.On the other hand, the public opinion surveys about whether to abolish the death penalty in nearly decade in China show that more than 50% people are opposed to the abolition of the death penalty.in the survey of 2010,92% of people opposed the abolition of the death penalty.Therefore, in order to maintain the stability of social order, we support that the death penalty is acceptable in some cases. It is also the view of most people in China.。

❖ Numerous unharmonious factors
2)、Determined by the development of the death penalty culture of China.
❖ A long history of the death penalty
❖ The dynastic rules, the Republic era and the PRC era
1、The reasons for the death penalty to be exisopment ❖ Human rights ❖ National and social security ❖ Necessary and reasonable
❖ Justify capital punishment on the grounds of retribution, deterrence
❖ “a life for a life” “killing one to warn a hundred” “killing a chicken to warn a monkey”
❖ Christianity Seeing punishment as a form of revenge and as contrary to Christ’s message of forgiveness.
4)、The death penalty has the greatest deterrence.
1)、The abolition of the death penalty is not adapt to the national conditions of China.
❖ Low level of civilization

是否同意废除死刑英语作文I believe that it is time to abolish the death penalty as a form of punishment. 我认为是时候废除死刑作为一种惩罚方式了。

The death penalty is a cruel and inhumane punishment that has no place in a civilized society. 死刑是一种残忍和不人道的惩罚，它在一个文明社会中是没有位置的。

Not only is the death penalty irreversible, but it also fails to act as a deterrent to crime. 死刑不仅是不可逆转的，而且它也不能作为对犯罪的威慑。

Countless studies have shown that the death penalty does not reduce crime rates, and in some cases, it may even lead to an increase in violent crime. 无数研究表明，死刑不会减少犯罪率，在一些情况下，它甚至可能导致暴力犯罪的增加。

Furthermore, the application of the death penalty is often biased and discriminatory, with marginalized and vulnerable populations beingdisproportionately affected. 此外，死刑的执行往往带有偏见和歧视，边缘化和弱势人群受到的影响十分不成比例。

As human beings, we should strive for a justice system that is fair, humane, and effective in deterring crime. 作为人类，我们应该追求一个公正、人道和有效的司法制度来阻吓犯罪。

死刑的目的英文作文英文：The purpose of the death penalty has been a topic of debate for many years. Some argue that it serves as a deterrent to crime, while others believe it is a form of justice for heinous crimes. In my opinion, the death penalty should only be used in extreme cases where the crime committed is so heinous that it warrants the ultimate punishment.One argument for the death penalty is that it serves as a deterrent to crime. The idea is that if people know that they will face the death penalty for committing a certain crime, they will be less likely to commit it. However, studies have shown that the death penalty does not actually deter crime. In fact, states that have abolished the death penalty have seen a decrease in violent crime rates.Another argument for the death penalty is that it is aform of justice for the victim and their family. In cases where the crime is particularly brutal, some argue that the perpetrator deserves to be punished with the ultimate penalty. However, the death penalty does not always bring closure to the victim's family. In some cases, it can prolong the pain and suffering by extending the legal process and appeals.Ultimately, the use of the death penalty should be carefully considered and reserved for the most extreme cases. It should not be used as a political tool or to make a statement. The decision to take someone's life should never be taken lightly.中文：死刑的目的一直是一个争议的话题。

死刑的利弊英文作文英文：Death penalty, also known as capital punishment, is a highly controversial topic. Some people argue that itserves as a deterrent to crime and is necessary for justice to be served, while others believe that it is inhumane and violates human rights. In my opinion, the death penalty should be abolished.Firstly, the death penalty is not a deterrent to crime. Studies have shown that the threat of death does notprevent people from committing crimes. Instead, it is more effective to focus on addressing the root causes of crime, such as poverty and lack of education.Secondly, the death penalty is irreversible and thereis always a risk of executing an innocent person. In the United States alone, there have been over 160 exonerationsof people who were wrongly convicted and sentenced to death.This is a grave injustice and cannot be undone.Furthermore, the death penalty is often applied unfairly. It is disproportionately used against people of color and those who cannot afford a good defense. This is a clear violation of human rights and goes against the principles of justice.In conclusion, the death penalty is a flawed and ineffective system that should be abolished. Instead, we should focus on addressing the root causes of crime and finding more humane and just ways to punish offenders.中文：死刑，也被称为死刑，是一个极具争议的话题。

Are you for or against death penalty The death penalty is to break someone’s life in a “cruel and unusual” way as a legall sanctioned punishment. The purpose of our entire criminal justice system is to protect the rights of life, liberty, and property for all its citizens. To do this, the punishment for crime must be harsh enough to deter potential criminals. Death penalty is the most effective way.In my opinion,the death penalty should not exist in the world.There are many reasons why the death penalty is not the best punishment and it should be abolished.I am against death penalty,for the following reasons:First,the most important reason is that we all should defence the humen rights. The death penalty is the ultimate, irreversible denial of human rights . Is it correct to decide who should live and who should die? Does our society have the right to break someone’s life?I think everyone has the right to live and anyone should not deprive it. The right to get a life is the most fundamental and sacred right of a person.Second,although the death penalty is effective enough to deter criminals and have many benefits in some aspects, the death penalty is probably not the best way to stop the crimes.I think that education is the the most effective solution to crime. If the world is full of love and tolerance, there will not be criminals.Third, the death penalty can not save the lives of the victims ,it also can not alleviate the suffering of relatives of the victims.So we can draw only one conclusion that the death penalty should be abolished.The death penalty should not exist in a civilized society.If we can protect the rights of life and the safety of people,why we need such an inhuman punishment?why we have to use the death penalty?So I think death penalty should be abolished.。

死刑的利弊英文作文英文：Death penalty is a highly controversial issue that has been debated for many years. Some people believe that it is a necessary form of punishment for heinous crimes, while others argue that it is cruel and inhumane. In my opinion, the death penalty has both advantages and disadvantages.One of the main advantages of the death penalty is that it serves as a deterrent to crime. The fear of death can prevent people from committing serious crimes, such as murder and terrorism. Additionally, the death penalty can provide closure for victims' families and friends, who may feel that justice has been served.However, there are also several disadvantages to the death penalty. Firstly, there is always the risk of executing an innocent person. This is a grave injusticethat cannot be undone. Secondly, the death penalty is oftenapplied unfairly, with poor and marginalized individuals being more likely to receive the death penalty than wealthy and powerful individuals. Finally, the death penalty is an expensive form of punishment, as it requires extensivelegal procedures and appeals.In conclusion, while the death penalty may have some benefits, such as serving as a deterrent to crime, it also has several significant drawbacks. It is important for society to carefully consider the pros and cons of the death penalty before deciding whether or not to implement it.中文：死刑是一个备受争议的问题，已经被辩论了很多年。

Should death penalty be abolished or not?I think it should not be accepted because there might be people who go to jail to pay for the crimes other committed and it would be very unfair to kill someone who are innocent. I think that people who are very bad and who have such deep mental problems and kill people like Murderers should stay in Jail forever!In my opinion, it shouldn't be abolished. Those who make mistakes or 'blunders' must get paid so that our society has a good-conditioned order, just the same as the way we keep prisoners in prison from freedom. If there is any problem about it, it's the law's fault, but not the penalty itself.I believe in the death penalty. Like the saying goes, Eye for an eye. If someone intentionally does bodily harm to kill someone. Then they are giving up their right to live themselves. Why put them in jail for life and us tax payers fit the bill.I believe the death penalty should be abolished. In the Ten Commandments, it states, "Thou shall not kill". However, the government says it is all right to kill a murderer. "Do as I say not as I do"? There is no proof that the death penalty deters crime. Also, innocent people are sentenced to the death penalty and executed. I agree about the financial burdens. It has been proven that it is cheaper to sentence a criminal to life in prison than to the death penalty.I think the Death Penalty should still stand. Why keep a murderer alive after taking an innocent life? The appeals are there for the wrongfully convicted, but if they're caught at the scene, or have items leading to the murder, they should be sentenced to death, not life in prison. The longer we keep them alive, the higher our taxes become. When they appeal, the money should be out of their OWN pockets. Why should a murderer deserve to breathe the air that we do after committing such a heinous crime? WE pay to keep them alive. Why should we pay to keep them that way?In r eal life , ther e are still very serious crimes of endangering national security , endan ger public safety, civil rights violations , undermine social order . The existence of the death penalty system is conducive（有益于）to crack down（镇压）and punish these crimes , thus strongly on major interests of the state and the people be pr otected .The existence of the death penalty system is also conducive to achieving the purpose of punishment . For those who commit the most heinous criminals of various types , and only apply the death penalty ( including the reprieve ) , so that he can not or dare no t crime , special precautions so as to achieve the purpose of punishment .Does urbanization do more good than bad?。

法律英语基础句子：Death penalty 死刑Death penalty 死刑1.A sentencing judge is required to consider anymitigating circumstances before imposing the death penalty.在处死刑之前，要求量刑法官必须考虑是否有任何减轻罪行之情节。

2.Capital punishment for murder is based on the idea：that if a person kills someone, he must pay with his own life.针对谋杀的死刑判决是基于这样一个理念，如果一个杀死了某人，他必须用自已的生命作为补偿。

3.Death penalty is usually imposed because of some typeof gross misconduct.死刑经常只对某类别的严重犯罪惩处。

4.He was executed by firing squad.他被行刑队处决。

5.He was guilty of a capital crime.他犯了死刑。

6.He was sentenced to death but was reprieved by the president.他被判处死刑但被总统下令缓期执行。

7.The death sentence was commuted to life imprisonment.死刑减成终身监禁。

8.The prisoners were condemned to death.囚犯们被判死刑。

9.The punishment for treason is death.对叛国罪的处罚是处死。

10.They argued about whether the statute mandating the death penalty is unconstitutional.他们就规定死刑的法规是否违宪实行争论。

Without capital punishment (the death penalty) our lives are less secure and crimes of violence increase. Capital punishment is essential to control violence in society.To what extent do you agree or disagree with this opinion?You should use your own ideas, knowledge and experience and support your arguments with examples and relevant evidence.Model Answer 1:(Agreement: Capital punishment is essential to control violence in society.)Before talking about the essential role of the death penalty, you have to think about themeaning, and the purpose, of any kind of punishment. If you consider that the purpose is to prevent the guilty from being nasty again, you can be seduced by an argumentation in favour of the suppression of capital punishment. But you have to think about another aspect of the problem: a punishment is also useful to impress people, to make them fear the law.In fact, let's take the example of a young misfit, which has grown in a violent atmosphere, influenced by older delinquents, etc. He lives in the streets; he's got no aim but to survive. This is the kind of person who could possibly killsomeone for money, or even for fun. Why would he fear prison? Life would be easier for him there. In addition, in many cases, when you behave normally, you can benefit from penalty reductions. This young misfit needs to be impressed; he needs to know that the law is a frontier. When you cross it, you can lose your life. That is why capital punishment helps keep a distance between robbery and murder. If you abolish it, you suppress the difference between these two types of crime, which are completely different.But there is also a limit to define: even if the death penalty is unavoidable, it would be a crime to apply it to inadequate cases. If there is no premeditation or past facts which can justify such a punishment, it is far too strict to apply the death penalty. That is why the lawmakers have to establish precisely the context in which capital punishment car being pronounced. That is the price to pay to limit violence without using excessive violence.Sometimes the law and order of a country become so fragile and out of control that the Government and law enforcing agencies mustshow the mass people that a criminal is punished severely and other should not dare to do the same crime. In these cases, many criminals are hung till death or even send to the electronic chairs and there really left no alternative rather than that.Again there come situations even in a very peaceful society that all the people show contempt to the criminal and expect some exemplary punishment. For example, all the people expect a terrible penalty for a serial killer or a lunatic rapist. Most of these killers and criminals are severely damaged psychologicallyand the possibility of their being normal again is almost zero. This kind of person who has taken other people's lives and dignity should be punished with the highest penalty like death to make the society a better place to live in.Finally, those who betray with the country and compromise with the enemy with the freedom of the motherland should be hung till death in another word should be given capital punishment because of their heinous act. But we must consider that we cannot create a living being and we never have the right to take the lives of a living being. So if we punish even asingle innocent soul with the punishment he/she does not deserve then the whole system will be corrupted. If an innocent citizen is imprisoned and proved not guilty at a later time we can at least take him/her out from the prison but what if we've already killed him/her? There would be no way to remorse and the whole law will be condemned.Moreover, if there are chances that a criminal will remorse for what he/she has done and will lead a normal and peaceful life, then he/she should be given a chance. I believe that some criminals are simply dangerous for the societyand will always be no matter how much opportunities and support they are given, and they should be given the death penalty. But if there is the slightest chance that the criminal was a victim of the situation and tried to save his/herself or any logic in favour of the crime, should be given chance at least once. And the capital punishment should be used only in some extreme cases rather than using it as the law prevailing policy.Answer 2:(Agreement: Capital punishment is required in many cases to control violence in society.)Many people believe that death penalties are necessary to keep law and order under control in our society. While there are some drawbacks of capital punishment, I agree with the view that without capital punishment we will become more vulnerable to violence.The death penalty could be an uncivilised law in some cases. We have no rights to kill another human. It can be a violation of human rights to kill someone by poisonous injections, hanging or by electrocution. Besides, some innocent people could be convicted and executed for the crimes they never did. For example, sometimes the lawand administration are not efficient, and the police might capture the innocent citizens by mistake during an investigation process. Therefore, the death penalty is argued to be a barbaric and savage approach.However, I believe that many times it becomes essential to enforce capital punishment in the society. Firstly, it is an effective deterrent to major crimes. If there are stricter punishments, people will be afraid of committing offences. For example, Pakistan has controlled the rate of terrorism in the country by enforcing death penalties for the members of terroristorganisations. Secondly, the government spends an ample sum of the national budget on the maintenance of prisoners with lifetime sentences. So, by capital punishment the administration can get rid of criminals who are involved in major crimes, such as murders, terrorists, drug smuggling, rape, and consequently, can avoid the amount spends on imprisonment.In conclusion, although capital punishment could be seen as an aggressive rule in some cases, I believe that it is an extremely importantlaw that can control many violent crimes of society.。

Death PenaltyDeath penalties are government-sanctioned practices, in which a person is put to death by the state as a punishment for a particular crime. It is also known as Capital Punishment. It is one of the cruellest types of criminal penalties that are carried out in the form of hanging, electrocution and lethal injections.The primary aim of the death penalty is to decrease the number of horrendous crimes in the world. The death penalty is a legal punishment ordered by the court against the violation of criminal laws. The methods of deathpenalty vary from country to country. It gives people an idea as to what the law is capable of doing.Long and Short Essays on Death Penalty for Students and Kids in EnglishWe are providing students with essay samples on a long essay of 500 words and a short essay of 150 words on the topic Death Penalty Essay for reference.Long Essay on Death Penalty 500 Words in EnglishCapital punishment, death penalty or execution is considered as the infliction of death upon a person by judicial process as a punishment for an offence. Crimes that result in a death penalty are known as capital crimes. Death penalties are enforced on people who have performed profound malpractices and crimes.In ancient times, the death penalties were more of a torture than that of punishments. The methods were torturous, and it would strain the body of the culprit in such a way that the pain would lead to their death.Traditional methods of death penalties included devouring by animals like being thrown away to the lions, alligators or death by snake bites. Back-breaking was an ancient method of execution that avoided spilling of blood on the ground. Crucifixion was also a standard method of execution in the past which involved nailing the person to a cross and allowing it to perish.Suffocating the criminal by carbon monoxide poisoning was also another method of execution. It was performed by burning coal inside a sealed room where the criminal would ultimately choke to death. Modern techniques are much quickerand less painful than the traditional methods of execution. Modern means of death penalties involve electrocution where the criminal is tied to the chair, and a high voltage current is passed through his body which can ultimately kill him. It mainly causes the failure of the heart.Tranquilization or lethal injection is a method that gives the person a slow but painless death. It takes quite long for the criminal to die. The toxins in the injections act slowly and cause the slow death of the criminal. Hanging the criminal is the most common method of execution in recent times. The criminal is hung till death.Another form of the death penalty in recent times is the shooting method where the culprit is shot in the head or the chest, which causes immediate death. In the Arabian and the Gulf Countries, the beheading method is used as the death penalty for the criminals. Beheading is decided based on the crime committed. It is a painful method where the head is cut off from the culprit’s bod y.The role of public opinion and collective conscience plays a vital role in the imposition of death penalties in many countries. The punishment must befit the crime so that thecourt reflects the public abhorrence of the crime. The court must consider both the rights of the criminal as well as the rights of the victim and society at large while deciding the mode of execution.You can now access more Essay Writing on this topicMany think that death penalties are violating human rights, but still, it is practised in many countries. It not only prevents future crimes, but it makes a person think twice before committing a deadly crime. Death penalties are a harsh reality showing that the world is filled withculprits and criminal activities. Crimes have risen to such a level that execution is the only way to stop deadly crimes.Short Essay on Death Penalty 150 Words in EnglishIn today’s world crimes are being committed daily. The death penalty is the maximum sentence that is used in punishing people who have committed serious crimes, like murder and rape and is a very controversial method of punishment.Criminals that are convicted of murder or rape have to be executed through the death penalty because they are a danger to society. It is a legal infliction and is used to punish a variety of offences. Traditional methods of death penalty involved torturous deaths of the culprits through methods of boiling to death, burring alive, through garrots and keelhauling.Modern methods of execution are painless, carried out through hanging, lethal injection or shooting. The criminals are sentenced to death, keeping in mind the rights of the culprit as well as the victim.The world has become so cruel that the only way to stop brutal crimes is by the death of the criminals.10 Lines on Death Penalty in English1. Death penalty stops people from doing illegal things.2. The death penalty is a government-sanctioned process.3. Death penalties vary depending on the jurisdiction.4. It includes severe offences like piracy, aircraft hijacking, drug trafficking, and a crime against humanity.5.56 countries retain death penalties, and 106 countries have completely abolished it. 6. 60% of the world’s population live in countries wherethe death penalty is included like China, India, Pakistan, and Bangladesh. 7. China has the highest executions in the world. 8. The Parliament of India has expanded the scope of death penalties by introducing it in the case of rape of girls below 12 years. 9. In 2018, 23 death penalties were confirmed by the high court.10. One of the initial executions of independent India was of Nathuram Godse.FAQ’s on Death Penalty EssayQuestion 1.Does the death penalty prevent crimes?Answer:It doesn’t entirely prevent crimes, but it reduces it to a certain extent.Question 2.Are people, accused of terrorism sentenced to death?Answer:They are likely to be sentenced to death due to unfair trials, and many are condemned on confession basis extracted through torture.Question 3.Is the death penalty better than lifelong imprisonment?Answer:The decision depends upon the type of crime the culprit has committed; however, any form of execution is inhumane.Question 4.What is the most painless method of execution?Answer:The lethal injection is the slowest and painless method of execution.。

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Behind every great fortune there is a crime
• On the other respect,some people consider that the death penalty should be canceled. Although giving the most serious punishment could be the most effective way to stop the serious crimes,it would still be triible to kill the worng person.Who can say this will never happen? • We often read about mistakes ,when an innocent person goes to jail.There is always this chance.This would be a worse crime.
DEATH PENALTY
Behind every great fortune there is a crime
BY
• In recent years, the death penalty has been aroused people’s attention and the heated discussions towards it are right on their ways. • Research shows that over sixty countries use it and prisoners wait on "death now" for their executions.Some reports estimate that in 2014 ,over 27,000 prisoners around the world were waiting on death now.

death短语及用法"Death" 是一个非常严肃的话题，相关的短语和用法有很多。

以下是一些常见的表达方式和用法：1. Face death: 直面死亡。

例句，He faced death with courage and dignity.2. Death toll: 死亡人数。

例句，The death toll from the earthquake has risen to over a hundred.3. Death penalty: 死刑。

例句，The defendant was sentenced to death penalty for his crimes.4. Sudden death: 猝死。

例句，The athlete suffered a sudden death during the competition.5. Deathbed: 临终之床。

例句，She made a confession on her deathbed.6. Death certificate: 死亡证明。

例句，The family needed to obtain a deathcertificate in order to settle the estate.7. Death wish: 渴望死亡。

例句，His reckless behavior seemed like a death wish.8. Deathly pale: 死一般的苍白。

例句，She looked deathly pale after hearing the bad news.9. Death knell: 丧钟。

例句，The closing of the factory was seen as the death knell for the town's economy.以上是一些关于"death" 的常见短语及其用法。

死刑之我见My View on the DeathPenalty大学英语作文In recent years, the deathpenalty has been aroused people’s attention and the heated discussions towardsit are right on their ways.近年来，死刑引起了人们的关注，而且对于死刑的讨论正在热烈进行着。

On the one hand, some people hold that the death penaltyshould not be canceled. They arguethat the death penalty can act as a threat or a limitation for the criminals. Ifthe death penalty is canceled, the criminals will be more cruel and crazy, andthat will be a bigger threat for people. In addition, cancelling the deathpenalty will weaken the effect of our laws.一方面，有些人认为死刑不应该取消。

他们讨论认为死刑可以作为对罪犯的威胁或限制。

如果取消了死刑，罪犯会更加残酷，更加疯狂，这将是对人们的更大威胁。

此外，取消死刑会削弱法律的作用。

On the other hand, some people considerthat the deathpenalty should be canceled. They point out that no matter whatthe criminals have done, they are still human beings. Each life is precious andwe should respect each life. Besides, we should give another chance for thecriminals to remedy their mistakes and amend themselves.另一方面，有些人认为死刑应该取消。

1Key points∙ The death penalty is a violation of fundamental human rights: the right to lifeand the right not to be subjected to cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment. It undermines civil relations in society and the dignity of the people that live in it. ∙ Capital punishment does not deter crime more effectively than otherpunishments. It is sometimes used disproportionately against the poor, minorities and political opponents. It is also impossible to ensure that innocent people are not executed: since 1976, 123 people have been released from death row in the USA after being wrongly convicted.∙ The Council of Europe has made the abolition of capital punishment one of itsmain priorities. It has been fighting for 30 years to outlaw the death penalty across Europe and to make abolition a universally accepted value. As a result, no execution has taken place in the Council’s member states since 1997.∙ Many countries, including Japan and the USA, still use the death penalty. TheCouncil of Europe is committed to continuing its fight against this cruel and inhumane punishment until it has been completely abolished both in Europe and worldwide.Summary The death penalty was once practised in most countries of the world and has still not been abolished in many states, including the USA and Japan. It has always been an emotional issue, especially in the wake of gruesome murders or terrorist attacks.Many people are in favour of capital punishment, arguing that a person who has committed an atrocious act deserves to die.However, the death penalty neither deters crime nor helps the victims. Miscarriages of justice also occur far more often than most people realise. Furthermore, an innocent person can be executed on purpose, capital punishment being a notorious means of silencing political opponents. The death penalty is often applied in an unfair, arbitrary and discriminatory manner. Its irrevocable nature leaves it open to abuse. According to the US Death Penalty Information Centre, 123 people have been released from Death Row since 1976 after being wrongly convicted.The death penalty may also make martyrs of members of groups which use violence as a means to achieve their goals, as well as promoting further violent actions. A UN study, updated in 1996, concluded that there is no proof that executions have a greater deterrent effect than life imprisonment. According to the American Civil Liberties Union, US states that have death penalty laws do not have lower crime or murder rates than other states.The Council of Europe was created to unite Europe around the shared principles of the rule of law, respect for human rights and democracy. The European Convention on Human Rights, which was adopted in 1950, states that everyone’s life shall beD e a t h P e n a l t yprotected by law and no one shall be deprived of life. However, the Convention did allow the death penalty to be imposed when it was provided for by law.In the early 1980s, the Council of Europe became a pioneer for the abolition of capital punishment, considering it to be a grave violation of human rights. The organisation’s Parliamentary Assembly gradually persuaded governments to help Europe become the first region in the world to permanently outlaw the death penalty. In 1982, the Council of Europe adopted Protocol No. 6 to the European Convention on Human Rights, which became the first legally-binding instrument abolishing the death penalty in peacetime. The protocol has today been ratified by 46 of the Council’s 47 member states; the one exception – Russia – has committed itself to ratification.In 1989, abolition of the death penalty was made a condition of accession for all new member states. Since then, all countries are committed to introducing an immediate moratorium on executions and ratifying Protocol No. 6 when joining the organisation.A number of mechanisms have been set up to monitor the respect of those commitments while assisting governments with their implementation.In 2002, an important step was taken by the Council to ban the death penalty in all circumstances with the adoption of Protocol No. 13 to the European Convention on Human Rights, which requires the complete abolition of capital punishment - even for acts committed in time of war.As a result, there has not been a single execution in any of the member states of the Council of Europe for 10 years. Across Europe, only Belarus - which is not a member of the organisation - still uses capital punishment. The Parliamentary Assembly now wishes to extend prohibition to countries enjoying observer status with the Council, including Japan and the United States.A resolution calling for a global moratorium on executions will be introduced at the 62nd session of the United Nations General Assembly, which begins on 18 September 2007. Its adoption would be a milestone towards the abolition of the death penalty worldwide.2Questions and AnswersHow many countries have already abolished the death penalty and how many still execute people?According to Amnesty International, 130 countries have abolished the death penalty in law or in practice. 29 of them are de facto abolitionist: they retain the death penalty in law but have not carried out executions for ten years or more. 67 other countries retain and use the death penalty, but the number of countries which actually execute prisoners in any one year is much smaller. Amnesty International estimates that 1,591 people were executed in 25 countries in 2006, according to information which is publicly available. However, this number could be much higher in countries where such statistics remain a state secret, such as China.What are the main points of Protocols No. 6 and No. 13 to the European Convention on Human Rights?Protocol No. 6 to the European Convention on Human Rights abolishes the death penalty in peacetime. It came into force on 1 March 1985. With Protocol No. 6, Europe’s position changed from tolerating to prohibiting statutory killing. Protocol No. 13, which entered into force on 1 July 2003, bans the death penalty in all circumstances, including for crimes committed in times of war and imminent threat of war.What is the Council’s position on executions in the USA?The Council of Europe strongly criticises the United States for continuing to use the death penalty. The Parliamentary Assembly has called on the US government to introduce a moratorium on capital punishment.The Secretary General regularly intervenes in individual cases requesting a stay of execution. The manner in which the death penalty is administered in the US is also a subject of concern, in particular its discriminatory nature. For instance, over half of those on death row in the United States are non-white. Discrimination against the poor, who are often unable to afford an adequate defence, also occurs.Are there any signs that Japan will abolish the death penalty?Executions are still carried out in Japan, where 96 people were on death row in 2006. In 2001, the Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe asked Japan for the first time to adopt a moratorium on the death penalty and eventually to abolish it. Between 2005 and 2006, the Japanese government held a moratorium, but resumed executions in 2006 arguing that the Japanese people support the death penalty – 80% of the population, according to a 2005 government poll.3How has the Council of Europe contributed to abolition in Europe?All Council of Europe member states but one have ratified Protocol No. 6 and Russia, which introduced a moratorium on executions in 1996, has made a commitment to ratifying it. Belarus, which is not a member of the Council of Europe, is the only country in Europe which still uses the death penalty. 45 Council of Europe members have so far signed Protocol No. 13 - all apart from Russia and Azerbaijan. Six countries – Armenia, France, Italy, Poland, Latvia and Spain – have signed the Protocol but have not yet ratified it. The Council of Europe has therefore played a major role in making Europe a de facto death penalty-free zone.ContactsEstelle Steiner, Press officerTel: +33 (0)3 88 41 33 35Mobile: +33 (0)6 08 46 01 57estelle.steiner@coe.intJaime Rodríguez, Press officerTel: +33 (0)3 90 21 47 04Mobile: +33 (0)6 89 99 50 42jaime.rodríguez@coe.intwww.coe.int4。

Last but not the least, the existence of death penalty dehumanizes the state. It is not a suitable punishment for a country that enjoys high level of civilization and prosperity.It is unacceptableto execute criminals only because of the problem of overcrowded prisons.The demeanor of a great country should have thequality of kindness and forgiveness. Therefore, instead of death penalty, amore effective way to reducecrimes is to educate and reclaim people.
First and foremost,the innocent suspect’s family will suffer great sorrow from the lossoftheir beloved due to the irreversibility of erroneous death penalty.What’s worse,erroneous death penalty will damage the sanctity of the law and the fairness of society. Forinstance,Hu Ge was sentenced to deathafter he “admitted” the homicidenearly ten years ago. To people’s astonishment, a criminal called Zhao Zhihong admitted thatcrime in 2015 and it turned out that Hu Ge wasjudgedwrong.Hu Ge was innocentbuthe surrendered under cruel torture. After Hu Ge’s death, his family lived a hard lifebecause of the loss oftheir beloved and thelack of income.In the meantime, the wrong adjudgment of this casegreatlyshocks our nation and exerts bad influence onpeople’sfaith in law and justice.

死刑利弊的英文作文英文：Death penalty, also known as capital punishment, has been a controversial issue for decades. Some people argue that it serves as a deterrent for crime, while others believe it violates human rights and is morally wrong. In my opinion, there are both advantages and disadvantages to the death penalty.On the one hand, the death penalty can be seen as a deterrent for potential criminals. Knowing that they could face the ultimate punishment may discourage some individuals from committing heinous crimes. Additionally, the death penalty can provide a sense of closure for victims' families and society as a whole, knowing that justice has been served.On the other hand, the death penalty is a irreversible punishment that can lead to the execution of innocentpeople. There have been numerous cases where individuals have been wrongfully convicted and sentenced to death, only to be exonerated years later. Furthermore, the death penalty is often applied disproportionately to marginalized groups, such as people of color and those from low-income backgrounds.In my personal experience, I have seen both the pros and cons of the death penalty. Growing up in a city with high crime rates, I have witnessed the devastating effects of violent crimes on families and communities. However, I have also seen the flaws in the justice system and the potential for innocent people to be wrongly convicted.In conclusion, while the death penalty may serve as a deterrent for crime and provide closure for some, it is ultimately a flawed system that can lead to the execution of innocent individuals and perpetuate systemic injustices.中文：死刑，也称为极刑，是一个长期备受争议的问题。