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英语构词法的重要考点及解题技巧英语构词法的重要考点及解题技巧掌握一定的构词法知识，可以降低阅读中的生词量，使阅读更流畅。
构词法也是广东高考语法填空题的一个重要考点。
一、三种主要构词法英语主要有三种构词法，即转化法、合成法和派生法。
1. 转化法就是把一个词从一种词类转化为另一种词类。
如：You can water the flowers with dirty wate r. 你可以用脏水浇花。
2. 合成法就是把两个或两个以上的词结合成一个新词。
如：Few people realized that dustmen were doing an important job. 很少有人意识到清洁工人的工作非常重要。
3. 派生法就是将一个单词附加前缀或后缀，变为一个新单词。
前缀附加在单词前面，一般不改变原词的词类，但会引起词义的变化。
后缀附加在单词后面，一般不改变原词的基本含义，但会引起词类的变化。
如：We think it impossible to finish the work on time. 我们认为不可能按时完成这个任务。
My grandpa looks very healthy. 我爷爷看起来很健康。
二、考点提示在语法填空中，每年至少必考一道有关构词法的题，且考查的重点是派生词。
如：(1)We drank together and talked 38 (merry) till far into the night (2007广东).(2)This proverb is saying we have to let things go in their 39 (nature) course(2008广东).三、常见前缀与后缀1. 常见前缀2. 名词后缀3 . 形容词后缀4. 动词后缀5. 副词后缀-ly是最常见的副词后缀, 可以附加在形容词后，构成与原形容词意义相同的副词。
如：slowly 缓慢地happily高兴地truly 真实地wholly 全部地 simply 纯粹地四、解题技巧解答这类试题，首先要结合不同词类的不同用法来分析判断用哪种词类的词，然后再根据构词法将括号中的词改为所需要的词类。
语法专项2——构词法掌握一定的构词法知识，有助于系统扩大词汇量，降低阅读中的生词量，使阅读更流畅。
构词法也是高考语法填空题及改错题的重要考点。
一、三种主要构词法英语主要有三种构词法，即转化法、合成法和派生法。
1. 转化法就是把一个词从一种词类转化为另一种词类。
如：You can water the flowers with dirty water. 你可以用脏水浇花。
2. 合成法就是把两个或两个以上的词结合成一个新词。
如：Few people realized that dustmen were doing an important job.清洁工人3. 派生法就是将一个单词附加前缀或后缀，变为一个新单词。
前缀附加在单词前面，一般不改变原词的词类，但会引起词义的变化。
后缀附加在单词后面，一般不改变原词的基本含义，但会引起词类的变化。
如：We think it impossible to finish the work on time.My grandpa looks very healthy.二、近三年全国III卷高考语法填空及改错构词法考点呈现。
1.语法填空。
(1)(2018) I’m a 66 ______(science) who studied animals such as apes and monkey.(2)(2017) She is determined to carry on with her 66______________________(educate).It is 70___________(certain) fun but the lifestyle is a little unreal.(3)(2016) Food in small pieces could be eaten easily with twigs which 66____________(gradual)turned into chopsticks.Confucius, 67 who lived from roughly 551 to 479 B.C., influence the 68________(develop) of chopsticks.2.改错。
——————————教育资源共享步入知识海洋————————2019年高考英语语法必考考点（15）：构词法含解析李仕才【考点解读】英语词性是可以相互转化的。
词性的转换有两种方法：转化法和缀合法（派生法）。
一、转化法转化法是由一个词类转化为另一个词类的方法，即某一个词早期迁移定型为某一个词义和词类，后来通过词义扩大或比喻等方法把它活用为其它词义和词类的方法，一般在转化义和原义之间有明显的联系。
转化法一般多用于简单音节的词汇中。
转化法主要分为如下四种类型：1. 动词转化为名词。
多用来表示一次性动作，或与动作相关的事物。
①We stopped there for a swim.我们在那儿停下来游了一会儿泳。
swim原为动词“游泳”。
②Xiao Liu's answers is perfectly right.小刘的回答是完全正确的。
answer原为动词“回答”。
2. 名词转化为动词。
这类词多与名词所具有的特殊动作有关，也是修辞。
例如：①He wolfed down three bowls of rice.他狼吞虎咽地吃了三大碗饭。
wolf.原为名词“狼”。
②He insisted on staying up to nurse the child.他坚持不睡觉来护理这个女孩。
nurse.原为名词“护士”。
3. 形容词转化为动词。
①He had blacked his face with soot.他已经用煤灰把脸抹黑了。
black 原为形容词“黑色的”。
②My father is emptying a box of rubbish into a rubbish-cart.我爸爸正将垃圾倒入垃圾车。
empty原为形容词“空的”。
4. 形容词转化为名词。
即用性质来指代这种性质的事物。
例如：①My mother likes red.我妈妈喜欢红色（的）。
red原为形容词“红色的”。
②The Chinese are working-hard and brave people.中国人勤劳而勇敢。
英语高考转化构词法转化构词法是指通过改变单词的词性或形态，来创造新词或派生词的构词法。
在英语高考中，我们经常会遇到这种构词法，因此对于掌握英语词汇及语法而言，掌握这种构词法是非常重要的。
一、名词转动词这种构词法是将名词转换为动词，常用的形式有加动词后缀，如happen、lengthen等，在英语中，名词转动词的范围非常广泛。
示例：1. Friend - befriend2. Help - help3. Love - love4. Party - party5. Play - play6. Rain - rain7. Road - road8. Smile - smile9. Shop-shop10. Train - train二、动词转名词示例：1. Build- builder2. Cook - cook3. Design - design4. Friend - friendship5. Jog - jogger6. Read - reader7. Smile - smile8. Sing - singer9. Swim - swimmer10. Talk - talker三、形容词转动词这种构词法是将形容词转换为动词，常用的形式有添加动词后缀，如brighten、loosen等。
示例：1. Dark - darken2. Dry - dry3. Quiet - quieten4. Soft - soften5. Wet - wet6. Bright - brighten7. Old - old8. Far - far9. Light - light10. Quick - quicken四、动词转形容词这种构词法是将动词转换为形容词，常用的形式有加形容词后缀，如amused、confused、interested等。
示例：1. Amuse - amused2. Choose - chosen3. Confuse - confused4. Disappoint - disappointed5. E某cite - e某cited6. Fascinate - fascinated7. Interest - interested8. Please - pleased9. Satisfy - satisfied10. Terrify - terrified五、名词转形容词这种构词法是将名词转换为形容词，常用的形式有加形容词后缀，如fiery、cloudy、woody等。
关于高中英语构词法的必考考点剖析关于高中英语构词法的必考考点剖析今日我想和大家共享的是关于高中英语构词法的必考考点剖析，高三的同学要特殊留意了，接下来就让我们一起来学习一下吧。
一. 转化法在英语中，一个单词由一种词性转化为另一种或几种词性而词形不变的方法叫做转化法。
1. 动词转化为名词●Let me have a try.让我试试。
●They are only allowed to sell soft drinks at school.在学校里只准许他们出售不含酒精的饮料。
2. 名词转化为动词●He shouldered his way through the crowd.他用肩膀推开人群前进。
●The smell from the kitchen made his mouth wa ter.从厨房传来的气味使他流口水。
3. 形容词转化为动词●We will try our best to better our living conditions.我们要尽力改善我们的生活状况。
●They tried to perfect the working conditions.他们努力改善工作条件。
4. 形容词转化为名词●He didnt know the difference betw een right and wrong.他不辨是非。
●The old in our village are living a happy life.我们村的老年人过着幸福的生活。
5. 形容词转化为副词●How long have you lived there?你在那儿住多久了?6. 个别词在肯定场合中可转化为名词●Warm clothes are a must in the mountains.穿温和的衣服到山区去是必需的。
●Life is full of ups and downs.人生有得意时也有失意时。
●His argument contains too many ifs and buts.他的辩论中含有太多的“假如”和“但是”。
【高考必读】2019年高考真题中的构词法近十年高考英语阅读文章中频繁出现派生词、合成词和转化词等基于构词法衍生的新面孔词汇。
有些单词/ 短语在“扩容”后，意义全非。
值得警惕的是，这种构词法词汇的呈现量在2017年后呈加速度增长。
2019全国 I 卷1. hands-on business training 操作性强的商务培训2. joker n 爱开玩笑的人；傻瓜；难以预料的事；难以捉摸的人the “-ld”, a pronunciation difficulty for non-native English 3. Kris trips onspeakers.克勒斯在“-ld”发音上磕绊起来，这个发音对于英语非母语的人来说是一个拼读难点。
► trip on 绊倒；磕巴4. improper pauses 不恰当的停顿数据及身份信息盗窃5. data and identity theft6. fingerprint scan 指纹扫描7. a low-cost device 低成本设备8. by extension 再则就是；引申下去就是9. password n 密码► a username and password 用户名及密码10. commercialize / commercialise v 商业化11. rosy years 花样年华► rosy future 乐观的未来► a rosy picture 美好的画面12. well-explored 探讨充分的促进人际技巧13. jump-start interpersonal skills14. dishonorable behavior 不光彩的行为15. enviable adj 令人羡慕的；令人嫉妒的16. score vt 得分；打分 n 得分；比分最不受欢迎的青少年17. the least well-liked teensn 讨人喜欢；可爱18. likability19. adaptable adj 能适应的；适应力强的20. The clean air is filled with life-giving, energizing oxygen. ► life-giving adj 赋予生命的；维持生命的► energizing adj 增强活力的21. Greenery is good for us.► greenery n 绿色植物；青枝绿叶22. apply sunscreen over the skin在皮肤上涂抹防晒霜► apply make-up / lipstick 抹化妆品 / 唇膏2019全国II卷1. co-author n 联合作者；合著作家2. Here she picks her top reads.在此，她挑选了几本她最喜爱的读物。
一．单句语法填空1. The boy ran (quick)to school.【答案】quickly【解析】考查词性转化之形容词转化为副词。
空格前的ran需用副词修饰，故填quickly。
2. "What's that? "Father shouted (angry).【答案】angrily【解析】考查词性转化之形容词转化为副词。
空格前的shouted需用副词修饰，故填angrily。
3. The little girl is (extreme)eager to know the result of the exam.【答案】extremely【解析】考查词性转化之形容词转化为副词。
空格后的形容词eager需用副词修饰，故填extremely。
句意：这个小女孩迫切想知道考试的结果。
4. Your composition is (bad)organized. Please do your writing exercise more attentively next time.【答案】badly【解析】考查词性转化之形容词转化为副词。
空格后的形容词bad需用副词修饰，故填badly。
句意：你的作文组织结构太差。
下次请务必多加注意。
5. He is rather (self) so that nobody prefers to have a talk with him.【答案】selfish【解析】考查词性转化之名词转化为形容词。
空格前的rather是副词，要修饰形容词，故填selfish。
句意：他这个人太自私，没有人愿意跟他说话。
6. The good working condition in the factory is (attract).【答案】attractive【解析】考查词性转化之动词转化为形容词。
空格处是表语位置，需用形容词，故填attractive。
句意：这家工厂的工作条件很吸引人。
专题06 词性转化〔构词法〕——高效演练一．单句语法填空1. The boy ran(quick)to school.【答案】quickly【解析】考查词性转化之形容词转化为副词。
空格前的ran需用副词修饰，故填quickly。
2. "What's that? "Father shouted (angry).【答案】angrily【解析】考查词性转化之形容词转化为副词。
空格前的shouted需用副词修饰，故填angrily。
3. The little girl is(extreme)eager to know the result of the exam.【答案】extremely【解析】考查词性转化之形容词转化为副词。
空格后的形容词eager需用副词修饰，故填extremely。
句意：这个小女孩迫切想知道考试的结果。
4. Your composition is (bad)organized. Please do your writing exercise more attentively next time.【答案】badly【解析】考查词性转化之形容词转化为副词。
空格后的形容词bad需用副词修饰，故填badly。
句意：你的作文组织结构太差。
下次请务必多加注意。
5. He is rather(self) so that nobody prefers to have a talk with him.【答案】selfish【解析】考查词性转化之名词转化为形容词。
空格前的rather是副词，要修饰形容词，故填selfish。
句意：他这个人太自私，没有人愿意跟他说话。
6. The good working condition in the factory is(attract).【答案】attractive【解析】考查词性转化之动词转化为形容词。
空格处是表语位置，需用形容词，故填attractive。
高考英语语法真题详解-构词法[感悟高考]单句语法填空1．Then，handle the most important tasks first so you'll feel a real sense of ________ (achieve)．(2016·全国Ⅱ，62)2．Some people think that the great Chinese scholar Confucius，who lived from roughly 551 to 479 BC，influenced the ________ (develop)of chopsticks.(2016·全国Ⅲ，48)3．Chinese scientists ________ (recent) had a chance to study a wild female panda with a newborn baby.(2016·四川，62)4．Food in small pieces could be eaten easily with twigs which ________ (gradual)turned into chopsticks.(2016·全国Ⅲ，46)答案 1.achievement 2.development 3.recently 4．gradually[考点清单]考点一派生法规则❶形容词变副词的后缀规则❷形容词变名词的后缀规则❸动词变名词的后缀规则❹表示“人”的后缀在某些形容词、名词或动词后面加后缀变成具有某种职业或动作的人。
常见的表示“人”的后缀有：规则❺动词、名词变形容词的常见后缀规则❻表示否定或相反意义的前缀和后缀规则❼变动词的前缀和后缀考点二转化法不改变词形，把一个词由一种词类转用为另一种词类的方法叫转化法。
[针对训练]Ⅰ.单句语法填空1．People certainly have a variety of reasons for going back to school but one important thing to know is，no knowledge is ________ (use)．2．________ (curious)，I gave him my full attention.3．However，Mare Van Rijsselberg，a farmer in the Netherlands is now using a ________ (mix) of sea and fresh water to grow healthy and tasty vegetables.4．But such a small thing couldn't ________ (possible) destroy a village. 5．Just imagine how terribly shy I was the moment I thought of that with so many eyes fixed upon me.I had no other ________ (choose)，though. 6．That little act of ________ (kind) made everyone who saw it feel good —but it made me feel the best of all!7．He sank into ________ (depress) when both his parents left him and went to the south in search of a better-paid job.8．Several days later，out of my ________ (expect)，I saw it quietly stand in a corner of the house where I worked.I was extremely glad to regain it. 9．As far as I am concerned，my ________ (suggest) is that we should always have a notebook and a Chinese-English dictionary within easy reach.10．In addition，there were no claims against the ________ (lose) of 50 coins and I order the girl and his father to take those 50 coins as appreciation for their honesty!答案 eless 2.Curiously 3.mixture 4.possibly 5．choice6.kindness7.depression8.expectation 9．suggestion 10.lossⅡ.单句改错(每句仅1处错误)1．The teachers here are kind and helpfully.2．Dad and I were terrible worried.3．On the left-hand side of the class，I could easy see the football field. 4．The fruits are small in size，but juicy and taste.5．We are growing wonderfully tomatoes at no cost!6．The Emperor opened his eyes widely but still saw nothing.7．No one in the carriage had previous spoken to or even noticed the ticket-owner before.8．That is too much for us，considering how closely the houses are. 9．I found the test difficult，but I tried hardly to do it.10．Before waiting for about half an hour，I was beginning to get impatiently.答案 1.helpfully→helpful 2.terrible→terribly 3．easy→easily 4.taste→tasty 5.wonderfully→wonderful 6.widely→wide 7.previous→previously8．closely→close 9.hardly→hard 10.impatiently→impatientⅢ.语篇填空(用所给词的适当形式填空)The speech seemed to be __1__(stop) and the listeners became very__2__(patient)．When the __3__(speak) said that oil was non-renewable and that the best way to__4__(solution) the problem was not to make cars and buses but to force people to go to work or school on foot，the audience thought it was __5__(practice) and __6__(bear) to listen to him any longer.They __7__(believe) that the world would go__8__(smooth) without these modern__9__(transport)．They also thought that the speaker was __10__(responsible) to make such a __11__(state)withoutthinking it __12__(careful) and his speech would cause some__13__(understand)．So most of the__14__(listen)chose to leave，shouting loudly and__15__(angry)．答案 1.nonstop 2.impatient 3.speaker 4.solve 5.impractical6.unbearable7.disbelieved8.smoothly9.transportations10.irresponsible 11.statement12．carefully 13.misunderstandings 14.listeners 15．angrily。
