四级模拟2

Model TestPart I writing (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic Dormitory Life . You should write at least 120 words following the outline given below in Chinese:1. 大学宿舍的集体生活是全新的体验。

2. 宿舍生活与在家生活的不同之处。

3. 宿舍生活利与弊。

Dormitory LifePart II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning)(15 minutes)Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1. For questions 1-7, choose the best answer from the four choices marked ［A］, ［B］, ［C］and ［D］. For question 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.Animals on the MoveIt looked like a scene from “Jaws” but without the dramatic music. A huge shark was lowly swimming through the water, its tail swinging back and forth like the pendulum of a clock.Suddenly sensitive nerve ending in the shark’s skin picked up vibrations of a struggling fish. The shark was immediately transformed into a deadly, efficient machine of death. With muscles taut, the shark knifed through the water at a rapid speed. In a flash the shark caught its victim, a large fish, in its powerful jaws. Then, jerking its head back and forth, the shark tore huge chunks of flesh from its victim and swallowed them. Soon the action was over.Moving to SurviveIn pursuing its prey, the shark demonstrated in a dramatic way the important role of movement, or locomotion, in animals.Like the shark, most animals use movement to find food. They also use locomotion to escape enemies, find a mate, and explore new territories. The methods of locomotion include crawling, hopping, slithering, flying, swimming, or walking.Humans have the added advantage of using their various inventions to move about in just about any kind of environment. Automobiles, rockets, and submarines transport humans from deep oceans to as far away as the moon. However, for other animals movement came about naturally through millions of years of evolution. One of the most successful examples of animal locomotion is that of the shark. Its ability to quickly zero in on its prey has always impressed scientists. But it took a detailed study by Duke University marine biologists S. A. Wainwright, F. Vosburgh, and J. H. Hebrank to find out how the sharks did it. In their study the scientists observed sharks swimming in a tank at Marine land in Saint Augustine, Fla. Movies were taken of the sharks’ movements and analyzed. Studies were also made of shark skin and muscle.Skin Is the KeyThe biologists discovered that the skin of the shark is the key to the animal’s high efficiency in swimming through the water. The skin contains many fibers that crisscross like the inside of a belted radial tire. The fibers are called collagen fibers. These fibers can either store or release large amounts of energy depending on whether the fibers are relaxed or taut. When the fibers are stretched, energy is stored in them the way energy is stored in the string of a bow when pulled tight. When the energy is released, the fibers become relaxed.The Duke University biologists have found that the greatest stretching occurs where the shark bends its body while swimming. During the body’s back and forth motion, fibers along the outside part of the bending body stretch greatly. Much potential energy is stored in the fibers. This energy is released when the shark’s body snaps back the other way.As energy is alternately stored and released on both sides of the animal’s body, the tail whips strongly back and forth. This whip-like action propels the animal through the water like a living bullet.Source of EnergyWhat causes the fibers to store so much energy? In finding the answer the Duke University scientists learned that the shark’s similarity to a belted radial tire doesn’t stop with the skin. Just as a radial tire is inflated by pressure, so, too, is the area just under the shark’s collagen “radials”. Instead of air pressure, however, the pressure in the shark may be due to the force of the blood pressing on the collagen fibers.When the shark swims slowly, the pressure on the fibers is relatively low. The fibers are more relaxed, and the shark is able to bend its body at sharp angles. The animal swims this way when looking around for food or just swimming. However, when the shark detects an important food source, some fantastic involuntary changes take place.The pressure inside the animal may increase by 10 times. This pressure change greatly stretches the fibers, enabling much energy to be stored.This energy is then transferred to the tail, and the shark is off. The rest of the story is predictable.Dolphin Has Speed RecordAnother fast marine animal is the dolphin. This seagoing mammal has been clocked at speeds of 32 kilometers (20 miles) an hour. Biologists studying the dolphin have discovered that, like the shark, the animal’s efficient locomotion can b e traced to its skin. A dolphin’s skin is made up in such a way that it offers v ery little resistance to the water flowing over it. Normally when a fish or other object moves slowly through the water, the water flows smoothly past the body. This smooth flow is known as laminar flow. However, at faster speeds the water becomes more turbulent along the moving fish. This turbulence muses friction and slows the fish down.In a dolphin the skin is so flexible that it bends and yields to the waviness of the water.The waves, in effect, become tucked into the skin’s folds. This allow s the rest of the water to move smoothly by in a laminar flow. Where other animals would be slowed by turbulent water at rapid speeds, the dolphin can race through the water at record breaking speeds.Other Animals Less EfficientNot all animals move as efficiently as sharks and dolphins. Perhaps the greatest loser in locomotion efficiency is the slug. The slug, which looks like a snail without a shell, lays down a slimy trail over which it crawls. It uses so much energy producing the slimy mucus and crawling over it that a mouse traveling the same distance uses only one twelfth as much energy.Scientists say that because of the slug’s inefficient use of energy, its lifestyle must be restricted. That is, the animals are forced to confine themselves to small areas for obtaining food and finding proper living conditions. Have humans ever been faced with this kind of problem?1.According to the passage, a shark can use movement to do something except______________.［A］to find food［B］to avoid being chased by its enemies［C］to find a new place to live［D］to show its braveness2.Examples of automobiles, rockets and submarines are used to show that _______________.［A］humans are the most clever living creatures in the world［B］human inventions enable us to travel in almost any kind of environment［C］humans are very successful in inventing transportation tools［D］humans can’t move like other animals in any circumstances3.What is the key to the shark’s swift locomotion in water?［A］The skin.［B］The tail.［C］The muscle.［D］The jaw.4.According to the Duke University scientists, when does the shark stretch its collagen fibers to the greatest extent?［A］When moving its tail rapidly.［B］When finding its preys.［C］When staying without any movement.［D］When bending its body in swimming.5.Why is the area just under the shark’s collagen fibers similar to a belted radial tire?［A］Because it is also full of blood pressure.［B］Because it is also filled of air pressure.［C］Because it is also inflated by pressure.［D］Because it also can be used again and again.6.A laminar flow is formed when a fish swims________________.［A］slowly through the water［B］rapidly through the water［C］against the current［D］at the fastest speed in water7.Consuming the equal amount of energy as a slug does, a mouse can travelas long as it______________.［A］one twelfth times.［B］the same.［C］12 times.［D］1.2 times.8.A shark finds its prey by________________.9.According to the passage, _______________can be compared to the string of a bow for both of them store energy when stretched.10.When the shark detects an important food source, __________________________take place.Part III Listening Comprehension (35mins)Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked ［A］, ［B］, ［C］and ［D］, and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Section A11.[A] The man is out of shape.[B] The man doesn’t need a new racket.[C] The man also needs new tennis shoes.[D] The man spent too much on his tennis shoes.12.[A] She prefers chemistry.[B] She hasn’t got a partner yet.[C] She is too tired of chemistry.[D] She is too busy to work on her chemistry.13.[A] Customer and waitress.[B] Teacher and student.[C] Boss and secretary.[D] Lawyer and client.14.[A] He was satisfied with the service on the ship.[B] It was the first time he had been abroad.[C] He had never been on a warship.[D] He has been on the warship before.15.[A] He is confident.[B] He is worried.[C] He is bored.[D] He is angry.16. [A] The woman offered to help the man find his box.[B] The man doesn’t know where to go.[C] The woman will buy the man’s lunch for him.[D] The woman will give the man a treatment.17. [A] It’s enjoyable.[B] It’s terrific.[C] It’s too modern.[D] It’s old-fashioned.18.[A] Near the stairs.[B] On the platfomp3.[C] At the ticket office.[D] At the infomp3ation desk.Questions 19 to 21 are based on the conversation you have just heard.19.[A] In a college bookstore.[B] In a lecture hall.[C] In a library.[D] In a domp3itory.20.[A] English.[B] Biology.[C] Introduction to English Literature.[D] A required course.21. [A] He lives on the 10th floor of Butler Hall.[B] He never wants to listen to students.[C] He used to teach biology.[D] He is an excellent professor.Questions 22 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard. 22.[A] When to move.[B] Where to live the following year.[C] How much time to spend at home.[D] Whose house to visit.23. [A] Take some money to the housing office.[B] Infomp3 the director of student housing in a letter.[C] Fill out a fomp3 in the library.[D] Maintain a high grade average.24. [A] Both live on campus.[B] Both live off campus.[C] The man lives on campus; the woman lives off campus.[D] The woman lives on campus; the man lives off campus.25. [A] Grades.[B] Privacy.[C] Sports.[D] Money.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 26 to 28 are based on the passage you have just heard.26.[A] The importance of advertisement.[B] The society’s great need of advertisement.[C] The origin of advertisement.[D] The prosperity of advertisement.27. [A] The local governments.[B] Their owners families.[C] Advertisements.[D] The audience.28. [A] Advertising is personal.[B] Advertisements are convincing.[C] Advertisements are unreliable.[D] Advertisements are misleading.Passage TwoQuestions 29-32 are based on the passage you have just heard.29. [A] The games shouldn’t be held in Salt Lake City.[B] The games have met their environmental goals.[C] The games did little to protect the environment.[D] The games have caused lasting damages to the area.30. [A] Sports competition.[B] Cultural exchange.[C] Economic development.[D] Environmental protection.31. [A] Building ski jumps farther away from the city.[B] Developing better public transportation in the city.[C] Planting more trees around the fields.[D] Promoting the use of cleaner energy.Passage ThreeQuestions 32-35 are based on the passage you have just heard.32. [A] Diet.[B] Weight control.[C] Aerobic exercise.[D] Eating habits and exercise.33. [A] Nuts.[B] Sugar.[C] Vegetable oil.[D] Dairy products.34. [A] Forty or fifty minutes of exercise once a week.[B] Twenty or thirty minutes of exercise every day.[C] Fifteen or twenty minutes of exercise five days a week.[D] Thirty or forty minutes of exercise three or four days a week.35. [A] Carbohydrates.[B] Indirect fat.[C] Body fluid.[D] Fat.Section CDirections: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blanks, you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the main points in your own words. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written.Today, students who want to learn English in the US have a wide choice of courses and institutions to (36)______from. And, because the US is such a big country, they also have a huge (37) ______of locations in which to study. The US has a long (38) ______of teaching English because, (39)______its history, the country has welcomed (40) ______from all over the world, most of whom have needed to learn English. Today, the US’s English language teaching sector is well developed and its teachers are highly qualified and (41) ______American universities and colleges welcome many thousands of (42) ______students each year, who (43) ______on degree or post graduate courses.(44) ___________________________________________. These courses are called Intensive English Language Progmp3s and (45) ________________________. In addition to language tuition, Intensive English Language Progmp3s give students (46)____________________________________________.Part IV Reading comprehension (reading in depth) (25 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Questions 47 to 56 are based on the following passage.Shopping habits in the United States have changed greatly in the last quarter of the 20th century. Early in the 1900s most American towns and cities had a Main Street. Main Street was always the 47 of a town. This street was lined on the both sides with many 48 businesses. Here, shoppers walked into stores to look at all sorts of merchandise: clothing, furniture, hardware, groceries. In addition, some shops offered 49 . There shops included drugstores, restaurants, shoe repair stores, and barber or hairdressing shops. But in the 1950s, a change began to 50 place. Too many automobiles had crowded into Main Street while too few parking places were 51 to shoppers. Because the streets were crowded, merchants began to look with interest at the open spaces outside the city limits. Open space is what their car driving customers 52 . And open space is what they got when the first shopping centre was built. Shopping centers, or rather malls, 53 as a collection of small new stores away from crowded city centers. Attracted by hundreds of free parking space, customers were drawn away from 54 areas to outlying malls. And the growing 55 of shopping centers led in turn to the building of bigger and better stocked stores. By the late 1970s, many shopping malls had almost developed into small cities themselves. In addition to providing the 56 of the stop shopping, malls were transformed into landscaped parks, with benches, fountains, and outdoor entertainment.［A］designed［F］convenience［K］cosmetics［B］take［G］services［L］started［C］heart［H］fame［M］downtown［D］needed［I］various［N］available［E］though［J］popularity［O］cheapnessSection BDirections: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 57 to 61 are based on the following passage.Friendship is one of the basic bonds between human beings. While the characteristics of friendship might vary from one country to another, people from all cultures not only enjoy friends but need them.Many studies have shown that teenagers who have no friends often suffer from psychological disorders. It has been shown that teenagers, perhaps more than any other age group, need companionship and a sense of belonging. The negative consequences of loneliness have also been observed among the elderly. The death of a spouse often leaves a widow or a widower totally bereft. If, however, they are surrounded by friends and relatives and if they are able to articulate their feelings, they are more likely to recover from their grief.“No man is an island.” In other words, we are all parts of society. We all need the love, admiration, respect and moral support of other people. If we are fortunate, our friends will provide us with all of these necessary aspects of life.As most people observe, there are many levels of friendship. The degree or intensity of friendship varies depending on the personality of the individuals involved and the context of the relationships. Extroverts enjoy being surrounded by many people whereas introverts are perhaps content with fewer but more intense friendships.Everyone is not equally open with all their friends. The degree of intimacy is determined by many factors. Close friends can be formed at any stage in one s life but they are usually very rare. Not very many people have more than a few really close friends. Irrespective of the level of intimacy, all friendships are based on reciprocity, honesty and a certain amount of love and affection.57.The second paragraph implies that_____________ .［A］teenagers without friends will suffer from psychological problems［B］a widow or a widower will die very soon without companionship［C］human beings need companionship and a sense of belonging［D］both A and B58. “No man is an island”(Line 1, Para. 3) implies that ______________.［A］everyone is a part of an island ［B］man cannot be an island［C］everyone is just a part of society ［D］society is an island59. The degree of intimacy of friendship mainly depends on_____________.［A］age［B］belonging［C］personality ［D］culture60. The author thinks that close friends_____________________.［A］can be easily formed when one is young［B］cannot be long-lasting［C］are not rare for everyone［D］are rare for most people61.The word “irrespective”(Last sentence, Para. 5) means______________________.［A］not respecting ［B］dishonoring［C］regardless［D］consideringPassage TwoQuestions 62 to 66 are based on the following passage.Sixteen years ago, Eileen Doyle’s husband, an engineer, took his four children up for an early morning cup of tea, packed a small case and was never seen or heard of again. Eileen was astonished and in a state of despair. They had been a happy family and, as far as she knew, there had beennothing wrong with their marriage.Every day of the year a small group of men and women quietly pack a few belongings and without so much as a note or a good bye close the front door for the last time, leaving their debts, their worries and their confused families behind them.Last year, more than 1,200 men and nearly as many women were reported missing from home—the highest in 15 years. Many did return home within a year, but others rejected the past completely and are now living a new life somewhere under a different identity.To those left behind this form of desertion is a terrible blow to their pride and self-confidence. Even the finality of death might be preferable. At least it does not imply rejection or failure. Worse than that, people can be left with an unfinished marriage, not knowing whether they will have to wait seven years before they are free to start a fresh life.Clinical psychologist Paul Brown believes most departures of this kind to be well planned rather than impulsive. “It’s typical of the kind of personality which seems able to ignore other people’s pain and difficulties. Running away, like killing yourself, is a highly aggressive act. By creating an absence the people left behind feel guilty, upset and empty.”62.When her husband left home, Eileen Doyle_________.［A］could not forgive him for taking the children［B］had been expecting it to happen for some time［C］could not understand why［D］blamed herself for what had happened63. Most people who leave their families behind them___________.［A］do so without warning［B］do so because of their debts［C］come back immediately［D］change their names64. Some people would even prefer the death to the running away of their spouse because___________.［A］their spouse would feel no pain during the death［B］their spouse’s death w ould not blow their pride and confidence［C］a desertion would not bring a feeling of rejection or failure［D］their spouse’s death would make them feel less painful65.The man or woman left behind with an unfinished marriage usually______________.［A］admits responsibility for the situation［B］wishes the person who has left were dead［C］comes back within a year［D］will have no legal marriage life for seven years66. Paul Brown regards leaving home in such circumstances as___________________.［A］an act of despair［B］an act of selfishness［C］the result of a sudden decision［D］the result of the enormous sense of guiltPart V Cloze (15 minutes)Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D) on the right side of the paper. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Methods of studying vary; what works 67 for some students doesn’t w ork at all for others. Theonly thing you can do is experiment 68 you find a system that does work for you. But two things are sure: 69 else can do your studying for you, and unless you do find a system that works, you won’t get through college. Meanti me, there are a few rules that 70 for everybody. The hint is “don’t get 71 ”.The problem of studying, 72 enough to start with, becomes almost 73 when you are trying to do three 74 in one weekend. 75 the fastest readers have trouble 76 that. And if you are behind in written work that must be 77 , the teacher who accepts it 78 late will probably not give you good credit. Perhaps he may not accept it 79 . Getting behind in one class because you are spending so much time on another is really no 80 . Feeling pretty virtuous about the seven hours you spend on chemistry won’t81 one bit if the history teacher pops a quiz. And many freshmen do get into trouble by spending too much time on one class at the 82 of the others, either because they like one class much better or because they find it so much harder that they think, they should 83 all their time to it. 84 the reason, going the whole work for one class and neglecting the rest of them is a mistake, if you face this 85 , begin with the shortest and easiest 86 . Get them out of the way and then go to the more difficult, time consuming work.67.［A］good［B］easily［C］sufficiently［D］well68.［A］until［B］after［C］while［D］so69.［A］somebody［B］nobody［C］everybody［D］anybody70.［A］follow［B］go［C］operate［D］work71.［A］behind［B］after［C］slow［D］later72.［A］hardly［B］unpleasant［C］hard［D］heavy73.［A］improbable［B］necessary［C］impossible［D］inevitable74.［A］week’s work［B］weeks’works［C］weeks’work［D］week’s works75.［A］Even［B］Almost［C］If［D］With76.［A］to do［B］doing［C］at doing［D］with doing77.［A］turned in［B］tuned up ［C］turned out［D］given in78.［A］very［B］quite［C］such［D］too79.［A］anyway［B］either［C］at all［D］that80.［A］solution［B］method［C］answer［D］excuse81.［A］help［B］encourage［C］assist［D］improve82.［A］expense［B］pay［C］debt［D］charge83.［A］devote［B］put［C］spend［D］take84.［A］Whichever［B］Whatever［C］However［D］Wherever85.［A］attraction［B］decision［C］temptation［D］dilemma86.［A］arrangements［B］way［C］assignments［D］classPart VI Translation (5 minutes)Directions: Complete the sentences by translating into English the Chinese given in brackets. Please write your translation on Answer Sheet 2 .87.There’s a man at the reception desk who seems very angry and I think he means_______________ (想找麻烦).88.Why didn’t you tell me you could lend me the money? I___________________ (本来不必从银行借钱的).89.____________________(正是由于她太没有经验) that she does not know how to deal with the situation.90.I________________ (将在做实验) from three to five this afternoon.91.If this can’t be settled reasonably, it may be necessary to_____________ (诉诸武力).。