短暂性动词与延续性动词的转换

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短暂性动词与延续性动词的转换

1. borrow keep have kept

2. get to know know have known

3. catch a cold have a cold have had a cold

4. buy have have had

5. die be dead have been dead

6. open be open have been open

7. close be closed have been closed

8. get married be married have been

married

9. fall ill be ill have been ill

10. fall asleep be asleep have been

asleep

11. leave sp. Be away from sp. Have been away

from sp.

12. return be back have been back

13. go to bed be in bed have been in bed

14. come to the island be on the island have been on

the island

15. go to sp./come to sp. Be in sp. Have been in

sp.

16. come here be here have been here 学习好资料 欢迎下载

17. go there be there have been there

18. go out be out have been out

19. get up be up have been up

20. start/ begin be on have been on

21. finish/ end be over have been over

22. become be have been

23. join be a member of have been a

member of

Be in have been in

rrive→be here begin(start)→be on

die →be dead come back→be back

leave →be away (from) fall ill(sick, asleep)→be

ill(sick, asleep)

get up→be up go out →be out

finish →be over put on →wear 或be on

open →be open join →be in或 be a member

of…

close →be closed go to school→be a student

borrow →keep buy/get →have

catch(a cold)→ have(a cold) get to know →know

begin to study→study come to work→work

move to → live in finish/end → be over 学习好资料 欢迎下载

come to → be in sit down → be seated

marry → be married dress → be dressed等

短暂性动词和延续性动词

可以从字面上理解，持续的动作就是延续动词，反之就是瞬间动词（短暂动词），这个有这种感觉还是很好理解的，你看看下面的浅谈吧

延续性动词:

live,run,stay,clean,play,hold,watch,teach,read,study,teach,eat,drink,write,dance, sing,smoke

瞬间性动词:

open,stop,like,love,die,win,close,shot,begin,start

enter,finish

1、终止性动词：表示不能延续的动作，即动作发生后立即结束。如：begin,arrive,borrow,buy,break,close,come,fall,dic,finish,go,leave,lend,mary,reach,receive,open,sell,start,stop等。

终止性动词的肯定式是不能持续的，所以不能和表示一段时间的状语连用，而终止性的否定式就可以和表一段时间的状语连用，因为否定本身就是可以延续的。

如：have a cold是持续性动词，表示“状态”，可与表延续性的时间状语连用，不定冠词不能省略。

I′ve had a cold since my arrival（到达 n.）.

I didn′t go to school because I had had a bad cold for days. 学习好资料 欢迎下载

catch a cold是短暂性动作，表“动态”：它不能和延续性时间状语连用，不定冠词“a”可有可无，catch可用take,get代替。

Put on your coat,or you′ll catch/take/get a cold.

Take care not to get cold.

但是，若cold前有形容词修饰时，则不定冠词不能省。

如：Brown has taken a slight cold.

注意下列句子：

I have caught a cold for over a week.(×)

I have had a cold for over a week.( )

2、延续性动词：表示可以延续一段时间的动作或状态。如：be,drink,fly,eat,keep,lie,live,rain等。

延续性动词常不能和表示一个短暂具体的时间状语连用；这类动词如用于进行时态，则可以和表示一个短暂具体的时刻连用。

He worked at eight yesterday afternoon.(×)

He was working at eight yesterday afternoon.( )

3、代替终止性动词的方法

a)用延续性动词代替终止性动词

1、用have代替buy

My brother has had(不能用has bought) this bike for almost four

years.

2、用keep或have代替borrow

I have kept(不能用have borrowed) the book for quite a few days. 学习好资料 欢迎下载

3、用be替代become

How long has your sister been a teacher?

4、用have a cold代替catch a cold

Tom has had a cold since the day before yesterday.

5、用wear代替put on

b)用“be＋形容词”代终止性动词

1、be＋married代marry 2、be＋ill代fall (get) ill

3、be＋dead代die 4、be＋asleep代fall (get) asleep

5、be＋awake代wake/wake up 6、be＋gone代lose,die,sell,leave

7、be＋open代open 8、be closed代close/shut

9、be＋missing(gone,lost)代lose

c)用“be＋副词”代终止性动词

1“be＋on”代start,begin

2“be＋up”代get up

3“be＋back(to)”代return to,come back to,go back to

4“be here (there)”代come(arrive,reach,get) here或go

(arrive,reach,get) there等等

d)用“be＋介词短语”代终止性动词

1.“be in/at +地点”代替go to /come to

2.用be in the army 代替join the army

3.“be in/at +地点”代替move to

巩固练习：（同义转换，每空一词） 学习好资料 欢迎下载

１.Li Lei joined the Party three years ago.

Li Lei the Party three years ago.

Li Lei the Party three years.

three years Li Lei joined the Party.

Three years Li Lei joined the Party.