2007年考研英语阅读解翻译与解析

[C] indeed 真正地，实际上 [D] moreover 而且
【答案】 B
【考点】 逻辑搭配
【难度系数】 0.763
【解析】 从选项给出的内容可以判断这里填入的词表示逻辑关系。文章第一段讨论独立领导者们拥有共同的治国理
念，而本段探讨的是他们在宗教问题方面存在的分歧。显然这是一种转折关系，故答案为 B。
A。
12.[A] Since 自……以来 [B] If 如果
[C] Unless 除非
Hale Waihona Puke [D] While 虽然【答案】 D
【考点】 逻辑搭配
【难度系数】 0.6
【解析】 前文谈到领导人在宗教上有分歧，接着谈到罗马天主教曾经是国教。空所在的句子则应该是谈到不同领导
人对宗教的看法，表示两种观点之间的对比关系，只有 D 合适，故答案为 D。
[D] rejected 拒绝
【答案】 A
【考点】 词汇搭配
【难度系数】 0.418
【解析】 空所在的语意为：许多独立国家的领导者 典型的政府理念，……，以及把个体的信仰作为社会的基础。
显然典型政府、职业、和自由贸易等都是对这一理念的具体说明，应该是这些领导人共同持有的。能表现一个群体
拥有共同想法的动词只有 A，故答案为 A。
[C] granted 授予，同意 [D] funded 为……提供资金
【答案】 A
【考点】 词义辨析
【难度系数】 0.239
【解析】空所在的语境是：罗马天主教在独立以前是国教，也是被西班牙王国政府所 的宗教。显然这里填入的词应
该是许可之类的，A 和 C 均有此义，C 强调申请之后被批准，显然宗教不适合用这个词，而容许更适合，故答案为

2007英语阅读真题翻译Text 1If you were to examine the birth certificates of every soccer player in 2006’s World Cup tournament, you would most likely find a noteworthy quirk: elite soccer players are more likely to have been born in the earlier months of the year than in the later months. If you then examined the European national youth teams that feed the World Cup and professional ranks, you would find this strange phenomenon to be even more pronounced.21. The birthday phenomenon found among soccer players is mentioned to[A] stress the importance of professional training.[B] spotlight the soccer superstars in the World Cup.[C] introduce the topic of what makes expert performance.（C）[D] explain why some soccer teams play better than others.题目类型：主旨题一个小故事：喂喂喂，大家看看我有新发现，很多天才球星，都是出生在上半年，基本没有出生在下半年的，世界杯的全明星球员也是如此！是什么导致这种现象的发生呢？A.B.D并非主旨；相信大家看完这个小故事应该可以理解，文中通过出生在上半年，引起读者的好奇，啥导致上半年的人这么牛呢？C选项为正确选项What might account for this strange phenomenon? Here are a few guesses: a) certain astrological signs confer superior soccer skills; b) winter-born babies tend to have higher oxygen capacity, which increases soccer stamina; c) soccer-mad parents are more likely to conceive children in springtime, at the annual peak of soccer mania; d) none of the above.22. The word “mania” (Line 4, Paragraph 2) most probably means[A] fun.[B] craze.[C] hysteria.（B）[D] excitement.题目类型：主旨题小故事：好我们给大家四点原因：第一：星座关系，因为双鱼座的星象和宇宙辐射赋予了这些双鱼座孩子们的天赋；第二：冬天出生的孩子们，他们的肺活量大，跑的比别人远（突然想起来杰伦的听妈妈的话）；第三：痴迷于足球的母亲一般在春天，也就是足球每年巅峰的时候，才会怀孕；第四：以上都不是哇塞这题是不是太弱了，闭着眼都看出来了，每年疯狂巅峰；狂热巅峰的时候，才怀孕。

2007年全国硕士研究生入学考试英语试题文章翻译Section I Use of English到1830 年,前西班牙和葡萄牙的殖民地变成了独立的国家。

大约2000万居民满怀信心地展望未来。

出生于旧的社会政体和伊比利亚殖民主义的危机之中，许多独立的国家领导人共享的信念包括成立民选政府、人尽其材、商业和贸易自由、拥有私有财产的权利，并且相信个人是社会的基础。

人们普遍认为新的国家应该是主权国家以及独立的国家，国家足够强大有经济实力能存活下去并且有一套共同的法律所控制。

然而，在宗教自由和教会地位的问题上，领导人之间的观点就不那么一致了。

罗马天主教一直是国教，并且是西班牙国王允许的唯一宗教。

大部分领导人要求维持天主教作为新国家的正式宗教，而另一些人却要设法结束其他信仰被排斥的局面。

保护教会成了保守势力的战斗口号。

早期的独立领导人的理想通常是平等主义，把一切事物看作是平等的。

玻利瓦尔曾接受过海地的援助并且作为回报承诺在他解放的地区废除农奴制。

到1854 年，除了西班牙残存的殖民地以外，农奴制已经被废除。

先前做出的结束印第安人进贡和停止向混合血统人征税的承诺变得越来越难以实施，因为这些国家仍然需要这些政策产生的财政收入。

因为害怕大多数人民还没准备好自治和民主，这些平等主义观点经常被缓和了。

Section II Reading ComprehensionPart AText 1如果你查一下2006 年世界杯足球赛参赛队员的出生证明，你会发现一个令人注目的奇怪现象：杰出的足球队员大多出生于一年的前几个月而不是后几个月。

如果你再仔细观察一下为世界杯和著名职业球队培养队员的欧洲国家青年队，你会发现这一现象更加突出。

是什么原因导致了这种奇怪现象的发生呢？人们有如下猜测：a) 某些星座的人被赐予优秀的足球才能；b)冬天出生的孩子吸氧能力更强，踢足球的耐力好；c)热衷于足球的夫妇更可能在春季怀孕，因为此时是足球热的高潮；d)以上观点都不对。

2007年全国硕士研究生入学考试英语试题Directions：Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A，B，C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1.(10 points)By 1830 the former Spanish and Portuguese colonies had become independent nations. The roughly 20 million 1 of these nations looked 2 to the future. Born in the crisis of the old regime and Iberian Colonialism, many of the leaders of independence 3 the ideas of representative government, careers 4 to talent, freedom of commerce and trade, the 5 to private property, and a belief in the individual as the basis of society. 6 there was a belief that the new nations should be sovereign and independent states, large enough to be economically viable and integrated by a 7 set of 1aws.On the issue of 8 of religion and the position of the Church, 9 there was less agreement 10 the leadership. Roman Catholicism had been the state religion and the only one 11 by the Spanish crown. 12 most leaders sought to maintain Catholicism 13 the official religion of the new states, some sought to end the 14 of other faiths. The defense of the Church became a rallying 15 for the conservative forces.The ideals of the early leaders of independence were often egalitarian, valuing equality of everything. Bolivar had received aid from Haiti and had 16 in return to abolish slavery in the areas he liberated. By 1854 slavery had been abolished everywhere except Spain’s 17 colonies. Early promises to end Indian tribute and taxes on people of mixed origin c ame much 18 because the new nations still needed the revenue such policies 19 .Egalitarian sentiments were often tempered by fears that the mass of the population was 20 self-rule and democracy. 1．［A］natives ［B］inhabitants［C］peoples ［D］individuals2．［A］confusedly［B］cheerfully ［C］worriedly［D］hopefully3．［A］shared［B］forgot［C］attained［D］rejected4．［A］related［B］close［C］open［D］devoted5．［A］access［B］succession［C］right［D］return6．［A］Presumably［B］Incidentally［C］Obviously ［D］Generally7．［A］unique［B］common［C］particular［D］typical8．［A］freedom［B］origin［C］impact［D］reform9．［A］therefore［B］however［C］indeed［D］moreover10．［A］with［B］about ［C］among［D］by11．［A］allowed［B］preached［C］granted［D］funded12．［A］Since［B］If［C］Unless［D］While13．［A］as［B］for［C］under［D］against14．［A］spread［B］interference［C］exclusion［D］influence15．［A］support［B］cry［C］plea［D］wish16．［A］urged［B］intended［C］expected［D］promised17．［A］controlling［B］former［C］remaining［D］original18．［A］slower［B］faster［C］easier［D］tougher19．［A］created［B］produced［C］contributed［D］preferred20．［A］puzzled by［B］hostile to ［C］pessimistic about［D］unprepared forSection II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections：Read the following four texts．Answer the questions below each text by choosing A,B,C or D．Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1．(40 points)T ext 1If you were to examine the birth certificates of every soccer player in 2006’s World Cup tournament．you would most likely fend a noteworthy quirk：elite soccer players are more likely to have been born in the earlier months of the year than in the later months．If you then examined the European national youth teams that feed the World Cup and professional ranks，you would find this strange phenomenon to be even more pronounced．What might account for this strange phenomenon? Here are a few guesses：a)certain astrological signs confer superior soccer skills；b)winter-born babies tend to have higher oxygen capacity, which increases soccer stamina；c) soccer-mad parents are more likely to conceive children in springtime，at the annual peak of soccer mania；d)none of the above．Anders Ericsson，a 58-year-old psychology professor at Florida State University, says he believes strongly in “none of the above．”Ericsson grew up in Sweden，and studied nuclear engineering until he realized he would have more opportunity to conduct his own research if he switched to psychology．His first experiment，nearly 30 years ago，involved memory：training a person to hear and then repeat a random series of numbers．“W ith the first subject，after about 20 hours of training，his digit span had risen from 7 to 20，” Ericsson recalls．“He kept improving，and after about 200 hours of training he had risen to over 80 numbers．”This success，coupled with later research showing that memory itself is not genetically determined，led Ericsson to conclude that the act of memorizing is more of a cognitive exercise than an intuitive one．In other words，whatever inborn differences two people may exhibit in their abilities to memorize，those differences are swamped by how well each person “encodes”the information．And the best way to learn how to encode information meaningfully, Ericsson determined，was a process known as deliberate practice．Deliberate practice entails more than simply repeating a task．Rather, it involves sexing specific goals，obtaining immediate feedback and concentrating as much on technique as on outcome．Ericsson and his colleagues have thus taken to studying expert performers in a wide range of pursuits，including soccer．They gather all the data they can，not just performance statistics and biographical details but also the results of their own laboratory experiments、^rim high achievers．Their work makes a rather startling assertion：the trait we commonly call talent is highly overrated．Or，put another way, expert performers—whether in memory or surgery, ballet or computer programming—are nearly always made，not born．21．The birthday phenomenon found among soccer players is mentioned to____.A. stress the importance of professional training．B. spotlight the soccer superstars in the World Cup．C. introduce the topic of what makes expert performance．D. explain why some soccer teams play better than others．22．The word “mania”(Line 4：Paragraph 2) most probably means____.A. funB. crazeC. hysteriaD. excitement23．According to Ericsson，good memory____.A. depends on meaningful processing of information．B. results from intuitive rather than cognitive exercises．C. is determined by genetic rather than psychological factors．D. requires immediate feedback and a high degree of concentration．24．Ericsson and his colleagues believe that____.A. talent is a dominating factor for professional success．B. biographical data provide the key to excellent performance．C. the role of talent tends to be overlooked．D. high achievers owe their Success mostly to nurture．25．Which of the following proverbs is closest to the message the text tries to convey?A. “Faith will move mountains．”B. “One reaps what one sows．”C. “Practice makes perf ect．”D. “Like father，like son．”T ext 2For the past several years，the Sunday newspaper supplement Parade has featured a column called “Ask Marilyn．”People are invited to query Marilyn VOS Savant．Who at age 10 had tested at a mental level of someone about 23 years old；that gave her an IQ of 228-the highest score ever recorded．IQ tests ask you to complete verbal and visual analogies，to envision paper after it has been folded and cut，and to deduce numerical sequences．among other similar tasks．So it is a bit confusing when V os Savant fields such queries from the average Joe(whose IQ is 100) as，What’s the difference between love and fondness? Or what is the nature of luck and coincidence? It’s not obvious how the capacity to visualize objects and to figure out numerical patterns suits one to answer questions that have eluded some of the best poets and philosophers．Clearly, intelligence encompasses more that a score on a test. Just what does it mean to be smart? How much of intelligence can be specified，and how much can we learn about it from neurology, genetics, computer science and other fields?The defining term of intelligence in humans still seems to be the IQ score，even though IQ tests are not given as often as they used to be．The test comes primarily in two forms：the Stanford Binet Intelligence Scale and the Wechsler Intelligence Scales (both come in adult and children’s version)．Generally costing several hundred dollars．they are usually given only by psychologists，although variations of them populate bookstores and the Wide Web．Superhigh scores 1ike V os Savant’s are no longer possible，because scoring is now based on a statistical population distribution among age peers，rather than simply dividing the mental age by the chronological age and multiplying by 100．Other standardized tests，such as the Scholastic Assessment Test (SA T)and the Graduate Record Exam(GRE)，capture the main aspects of IQ tests．Such standardized tests may not assess all the important elements necessary to succeed in school and in life．argues Robert J．Sternberg．In his article “How Intelligent Is Intelligence Testing?”，Sternberg notes that traditional tests best assess analytical and verbal skills but fail to measure creativity and practical knowledge，components also critical to problem solving and life success．Moreover, IQ tests do not necessarily predict so well once populations or situations change．Research has found that IQ predicted leadership skills when the tests were given underlow stress conditions，but under high stress conditions，IQ was negatively correlated with leadership—that is, it predicted the opposite．Anyone who has toiled through SA T will testify that test taking skill also matters，whether it’s knowing when to guess or what questions to skip．26．Which of the following may be required in an intelligence test?A. Answering philosophical questions．B. Folding or cutting paper into different shapes．C. Telling the differences between certain concepts．D. Choosing words or graphs similar to the given ones．27．What can be inferred about intelligence testing from Paragraph 3?A. People no longer use IQ scores as an indicator of intelligence．B. More versions of IQ tests are now available on the Internet．C. The test contents and formats for adults and children may be different．D. Scientists have defined the important elements of human intelligence．28．People nowadays can no longer achieve IQ scores as high as Vos Savant’s because____.A. the scores are obtained through different computational procedures．B. creativity rather than analytical skills is emphasized now．C. V os Savant’s case is an extreme one that will not repeat．D. the defining characteristic of IQ tests has changed．29．We can conclude from the last paragraph that____.A. test scores may not be reliable indicator s of one’s ability．B. IQ scores and SA T results are highly correlated．C. testing involves a lot of guesswork．D. traditional tests are out of date．30．What is the author’s attitude towards IQ tests?A. SupportiveB. SkepticalC. ImpartialD. BiasedT ext 3During the past generation，the American middle．class family that once could count on hard work and fair play to keep itself financially secure has been transformed by economic risk and new realities．Now a pink slip，a bad diagnosis，or a disappearing spouse can reduce a family from solidly middle class to newly poor in a few months．In just one generation，millions of mothers have gone to work，transforming basic family economics．Scholars，policymakers，and critics of all stripes have debated the social implications Of these changes．but few have looked at the side effect：family risk has risen as well．Today’s families have budgeted to the limits of their new two．paycheck status．As a result，they have lost the parachute they once had in times of financial setback-a back．up earner(usually Morn)who could go into the workforce if the primary earner got laid off or fell sick．This “added worker effect” could support the safety net offered by unemployment insurance or disability insurance to help families weather。

2007年Text 1If you were to examine the birth certificates of every soccer player in 2006’s World Cup tournament, you would most likely find a noteworthy quirk: elite soccer players are more likely to have been born in the earlier months of the year than in the later months. If you then examined the European national youth teams that feed the World Cup and professional ranks, you would find this strange phenomenon to be even more pronounced.如果你打算调查一下2006年世界杯锦标赛上所有足球运动员的出生证明，那么你很有可能发现一个值得注意的怪现象：优秀足球运动员更可能出生于每年的前几个月而不是后几个月。

如果你再调查一下那些为世界杯和各大职业联赛提供球员的欧洲国家青年队，你会发现这一奇怪的现象更为明显。

What might account for this strange phenomenon? Here are a few guesses: a) certain astrological signs confer superior soccer skills; b) winter-born babies tend to have higher oxygen capacity, which increases soccer stamina; c) soccer-mad parents are more likely to conceive children in springtime, at the annual peak of soccer mania;d) none of the above.什么可以解释这一奇怪的现象呢？下面是一些猜测：a）某种星象学的征兆使人具备更高的足球技能；b）冬季出生的婴儿往往有较高的血氧含量，这增加了踢足球所需要的耐力；c）热爱足球的父母更可能在春季（每年足球狂热的鼎盛时期）怀孕；d）以上各项都不对。

2007考研英语真题答案2007年的考研英语真题是考研英语备考中非常重要的一部分，它可以帮助考生了解考试难度和考点。

为了帮助大家更好地应对2007年的考研英语真题，以下将对该年的真题进行详细解析。

第一部分：阅读理解第一篇:原题：Text 1To make farms sustainable， Weis faces tougher problems. Current scales， which are determined by the number of livestock each operation has， are supposed to limit the amount of manure a farmer needs to handle.A better approach， says Weis， would limit the number of livestock permitted in watersheds， the area of land that drains to a particular body of water， preventing the overloading of a region by livestock waste.Question 1： The author mentions the desired outcome of setting scales in paragraph 3 to argue thatOptions：A. scale setting has failed to address a significant problemB. scales have made farms more sustainableC. scale setting can lead to excessive waste productionD. scales often limit the number of animals on a farm答案解析：本题属于信息提取题，答案位于第一段的第二句话：A better approach， says Weis， would limit the number of livestock permitted in watersheds， the area of land that drains to a particular body of water， preventing the overloading of a region by livestock waste.选项C与原文一致，表达了限制比例的方法能够防止过度的废弃物产生，因此答案选C。

2007年全国硕士研究生入学考试英语试题文章翻译Section I Use of English到1830 年,前西班牙和葡萄牙的殖民地变成了独立的国家。

大约2000万居民满怀信心地展望未来。

出生于旧的社会政体和伊比利亚殖民主义的危机之中，许多独立的国家领导人共享的信念包括成立民选政府、人尽其材、商业和贸易自由、拥有私有财产的权利，并且相信个人是社会的基础。

人们普遍认为新的国家应该是主权国家以及独立的国家，国家足够强大有经济实力能存活下去并且有一套共同的法律所控制。

然而，在宗教自由和教会地位的问题上，领导人之间的观点就不那么一致了。

罗马天主教一直是国教，并且是西班牙国王允许的唯一宗教。

大部分领导人要求维持天主教作为新国家的正式宗教，而另一些人却要设法结束其他信仰被排斥的局面。

保护教会成了保守势力的战斗口号。

早期的独立领导人的理想通常是平等主义，把一切事物看作是平等的。

玻利瓦尔曾接受过海地的援助并且作为回报承诺在他解放的地区废除农奴制。

到1854 年，除了西班牙残存的殖民地以外，农奴制已经被废除。

先前做出的结束印第安人进贡和停止向混合血统人征税的承诺变得越来越难以实施，因为这些国家仍然需要这些政策产生的财政收入。

因为害怕大多数人民还没准备好自治和民主，这些平等主义观点经常被缓和了。

Section II Reading ComprehensionPart AText 1如果你查一下2006 年世界杯足球赛参赛队员的出生证明，你会发现一个令人注目的奇怪现象：杰出的足球队员大多出生于一年的前几个月而不是后几个月。

如果你再仔细观察一下为世界杯和著名职业球队培养队员的欧洲国家青年队，你会发现这一现象更加突出。

是什么原因导致了这种奇怪现象的发生呢？人们有如下猜测：a) 某些星座的人被赐予优秀的足球才能；b)冬天出生的孩子吸氧能力更强，踢足球的耐力好； c)热衷于足球的夫妇更可能在春季怀孕，因为此时是足球热的高潮；d)以上观点都不对。

Unlocking the Depths of the 2007 Postgraduate Entrance Exam English (Part 1) Reading Comprehension Text 3The year 2007 marked a significant milestone for the Postgraduate Entrance Exam, as it witnessed the emergence of a challenging and thought-provoking Reading Comprehension Text 3. This text, with its profound insights and intricate language, presents a unique opportunity for candidates to demonstrate their comprehension andanalytical skills. In this article, we delve into the depths of this text, unpacking its key ideas, vocabulary, and sentence structure, while also offering insights into effective strategies for approaching such challenging reading materials.The text opens with a captivating introduction that immediately sets the tone for the entire passage. The author introduces the topic of "happiness" and its relationship to material wealth, posing a question that is both intriguing and thought-provoking: "Can money buy happiness?" This question, which has perplexed philosophers and economists for centuries, serves as the backdrop forthe entire text, guiding readers through a journey of exploration and discovery.The vocabulary used in the text is both diverse and precise, reflecting the author's mastery of the English language. Key words and phrases such as "subjective well-being," "hedonic treadmill," and "materialistic values" are introduced seamlessly into the narrative, enriching the reader's understanding of the concepts being discussed. These words, while not commonplace, are explained contextually, making them accessible to even those without a background in psychology or economics.The sentence structure throughout the text is complex yet well-constructed, reflecting the author's skill in crafting coherent and engaging prose. Long sentences, packed with information and ideas, are offset by shorter, punchier ones, creating a rhythm that keeps the reader engaged. This variety in sentence length and structure not only adds to the readability of the text but also helps to emphasize key points and ideas.The main idea of the text is that happiness is a subjective experience that cannot be fully captured ormeasured by material wealth. The author argues that while money can certainly improve one's living conditions and provide access to certain pleasures, it cannot guarantee happiness in the long run. Instead, the author suggeststhat true happiness comes from within, from a sense of purpose and fulfillment that is unrelated to material possessions.To support this argument, the author cites various studies and examples from different cultures and time periods. One particularly interesting study compares the happiness levels of lottery winners and paralyzed accident victims, revealing that while the former experienced a temporary surge in happiness due to their windfall, their levels of happiness eventually returned to pre-win levels. Conversely, the latter, despite their tragic circumstances, reported higher levels of happiness over time as they found meaning and purpose in their lives.The text concludes with a call for a shift in focus from material wealth to more intangible aspects of life such as relationships, health, and personal growth. The author argues that by prioritizing these aspects,individuals are more likely to experience true and lasting happiness.Approaching such a challenging reading comprehension text requires a strategic approach. First and foremost, candidates need to familiarize themselves with the key vocabulary and phrases used in the text. This will help them to better understand the ideas and arguments being presented. Secondly, they should focus on understanding the overall structure and flow of the text, identifying key sentences and paragraphs that summarize main ideas or support the author's arguments. Finally, they should practice extracting information from the text quickly and accurately, honing their scanning and skimming skills to identify relevant information efficiently.In conclusion, the 2007 Postgraduate Entrance Exam Reading Comprehension Text 3 is a rich and rewarding text that offers much to learn and ponder. By delving into its depths and mastering its contents, candidates can not only improve their reading comprehension skills but also gain a deeper understanding of the complex relationship between happiness and material wealth. With the right strategiesand approach, this challenging text can become a valuable tool for personal growth and intellectual development.**解锁2007年考研英语（一）阅读理解Text 3的深层次**2007年对于考研来说是一个重要的里程碑，这一年见证了考研英语阅读理解Text 3的出现，该篇文本富有挑战性且引人深思，为考生提供了展示自己理解和分析能力的独特机会。

2007英语考研真题翻译2007年英语考研真题翻译In recent years, many stories about international adoptions have appeared in the media. These stories often portray international adoption as a positive and heartwarming experience, highlighting the joy of bringing a child from a different culture into a loving home. However, there is another side to this practice that is often overlooked - the challenges faced by both the adoptive parents and the adopted children.One of the main challenges in international adoption is the issue of cultural and racial identity. When a child is adopted from another country, they are often separated from their birth culture and heritage. This can result in a sense of loss and confusion for the child, as they struggle to find their place in their new environment. Similarly, the adoptive parents may also face difficulties in helping their child navigate their dual cultural identities.Language barriers can also pose a problem in international adoptions. Many adopted children do not speak the language of their adoptive country, and may have limited access to their birth language as well. This can impede their ability to communicate and integrate into their new community. Adoptive parents must be prepared to provide language support and resources to help their child develop fluency in both languages.Another challenge in international adoption is the potential for medical or psychological issues. Some adopted children may have experienced neglect or trauma in their birth countries, which can result in long-term health or emotional problems. It is important for adoptive parents to beaware of this possibility and to seek appropriate medical and psychological support for their child.Additionally, the process of international adoption itself can be complex and time-consuming. It often involves extensive paperwork, background checks, and legal procedures. Adoptive parents must be prepared for the financial and logistical challenges that come with navigating the adoption process, which can vary greatly depending on the countries involved.Despite these challenges, international adoption can also be a rewarding and life-changing experience for both the adoptive parents and the adopted children. It provides an opportunity for children to find a loving and stable home, and for parents to fulfill their dreams of parenthood. However, it is crucial for prospective adoptive parents to educate themselves about the potential challenges and responsibilities involved in international adoption.In conclusion, international adoption is a complex and multifaceted process that brings together children from different cultures and countries with adoptive parents. While it can be a positive and transformative experience, it is important to acknowledge and address the challenges faced by both the adoptive parents and the adopted children. By providing support, resources, and understanding, we can ensure that international adoption is a successful and enriching journey for all involved parties.请注意，以上正文已经按照给定的题目“2007英语考研真题翻译”进行撰写。

7。

[A] unique ［B］common ［C］particular [D］typical8。

［A] freedom ［B] origin ［C］impact ［D] reform9.[A］therefore ［B] however ［C] indeed ［D］moreover10。

［A] with [B] about ［C] among ［D］by11.［A] allowed ［B] preached ［C］granted ［D] funded12。

[A］Since ［B］If ［C］Unless [D] While13。

[A］as ［B] for [C］under ［D] against14。

［A］spread [B］interference ［C] exclusion [D］influence15.[A］support [B］cry ［C］plea ［D］wish16.［A] urged ［B］intended [C］expected ［D］promised17.［A] controlling [B］former [C] remaining ［D] original18。

[A］slower ［B］faster ［C] easier ［D］tougher19.［A］created ［B] produced ［C] contributed ［D］preferred20.[A］puzzled by ［B] hostile to [C］pessimistic about [D］unprepared forSection II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts。

Answer the questions below each text by choosing ［A]，[B］, ［C］, or [D］。

(46)Traditionally,legal learning has been viewed in such institutions as the special preserve of lawyers,rather than a necessary part of the intellectual equipment of an educated person.【句子详解】主干：legal learning has been viewed as the special preserve of lawyers其他：traditionally 副词做时间状语；in such institutions 介词短语作地点状语，rather than...并列连词，与前面the special preserve of lawyers 并列【参考翻译1】传统上来说，法律知识一直被加拿大这样的大学视为律师独有的学习内容，而并非是受教育者知识储备的必要组成部分。

——顺译为被动【参考翻译2】传统上来说，加拿大这样的大学一直将法律知识视为律师独有的学习内容，而并非是受教育者知识储【重点词汇】①learning n.知识；学问②institution n.学校；机构；制度③preserve v.专属内容④intellectual a.知识的【语法难度】难度指数：☆考查的语法点较简单，主干可简单处理为：主谓宾。

be viewed as 可看作是符合谓语。

【翻译要点】1.institution 、preserve 一词多义2.被动可转移为主动（体现翻译技巧）(47)On the other,it links these concepts to everyday realities in a manner which is parallel to the links journalists forge on a daily basis as they cover and comment on the news.【句子详解】主干：it links these concepts to everyday realities其他：on the other是连接词；in a manner...是介词短语作方式状语；which...on the news是限制性定语从句。

2007年Text 3原文：During the past generation, the American middle-class family that once could count on hard work and fair play to keep itself financially secure has been transformed by economic risk and new realties. Now a pink slip, a bad diagnosis, or a disappearing spouse can reduce a family from solidly middle class to newly poor in a few months.翻译：在上一代人中，原本依靠努力工作和公平竞争就能保持经济状况稳定的美国中产阶级家庭因经济风险和新的现实状况而发生了变化。

现在，一张解雇通知书，一个恶性诊断结果，或者配偶的离去，都可以使一个稳固的中产阶级家庭在几个月内成为新的贫困户。

原文：In just one generation, millions of mothers have gone to work, transforming basic family economics. Scholars, policymakers, and critics of all stripes have debated the social implications of these changes, but few have looked at the side effect: family risk has risen as well. Today’s families have budgeted to the limits of theirs new two-paycheck status. As a result, they have lost the parachute they once had in times of financial setback—a back-up earner (usually Mom) who could go into the workforce if the primary earner got laid off or fell sick. This “added-worker effect”could support the safety net offered by unemployment insurance or disability insurance to help families weather bad times. But today, a disruption to family fortunes can no longer be made up with extra income from an otherwise-stay-at-home partner.翻译：仅仅大约一代人的时间里，数百万母亲出去工作，从而改变了基本的家庭经济结构。

第四篇不雨则已，一雨倾盆。就在老板和董事会最终挑选出其最严重的清算帐目和顺从问题、改善其无效的公司管理之际，一个新问题预示着有为他们——尤其是在美国——赢得那种令人不愉快的头条新闻的危险，这些头条新闻不可避免地给这些领导者带来管理方面的附属品——信息的不安全性。迄今为止，信息保护工作一直被留给临时的、低层次的信息技术人员承担，并且只被看成是信息资源丰富产业所关切的一个问题，比如银行业、电信业以及航空旅行产业，如今，信息保护成为各类商业老板的议事日程中需要优先考虑的问题。今年，好几次消费者和员工信息的重大泄密事件使得管理人员匆忙检查其复杂的信息系统和商业程序，以便寻找可能的弱点——这些泄密事件发生在像时代华纳、美国国防部承包人科学应用国际公司以及加州大学伯克利分校这样的不同机构。“信息正在成为一种需要像保护其他财产一样而保护的财产，”斯坦福大学商学院的海姆?门德尔森说。“保护消费者信息的能力是市场价值的关键因素，这是董事会应该为了股东的利益而承担的责任”。纽约哥伦比亚商学院的埃尼?诺姆暗示，实际上，正如存在公认的会计原则观念一样，现在可能是采取公认的安全措施的时候了。“为安全、备份以及恢复确定适当的投资标准是一个管理问题，不是技术问题，”他说。其神秘在于，对于所有老板来说，这可能是一个意外。当然，对于最怀疑的管理人员来说，显而易见的应该是，诚信（最珍贵的经济财产）被轻易破坏，而要恢复诚信却代价高昂，此外，很少有什么比一个公司听任敏感的个人信息落入不妥当人之手更可能破坏诚信的了。这类事情的现状可能受到缺乏有关信息泄露的法律处罚（在美国，不是在欧洲）的激励，尽管没有证据证明泄露为合法。直到加利福尼亚最近通过了一项法律，美国的公司才不必告知任何人信息何时பைடு நூலகம்露的，甚至包括受害者的信息。这种情况可能迅速改变：如今，许多被提议的信息保护立法正在华盛顿特区讨论。同时，6月17日有关偷窃大约4000万信用卡账户信息这种事件的披露使得一天前美国商务委员会的一个重要决定黯然失色，该决定提请全美国注意，如果公司没有提供适当的信息安全保护措施，那么管理人员就会采取行动。第三篇过去十几年里，美国那些曾经可以依靠辛勤劳动和公平条件维持其收入稳定的中产阶层家庭被经济风险和新现实改变了。如今，一份解雇通知书、一个不利的诊断结果或者一个配偶去世都可能在几个月之内将一个家庭从稳定的中产阶层家庭降格成一个新贫困家庭。就在十几年内，数百万母亲出去工作，改变了根本的家庭经济状况。学者、决策者以及各类批评人士对这些变化的社会意义争论不休，但是，很少有人关注这些变化的副作用——家庭的风险也增加了。如今的家庭根据其新的双收入限度安排开支。因此，它们失去了它们在经济萧条时期曾经有过的缓解举措——一个后备挣钱者（通常是妈妈），如果家庭的主要挣钱者失业了或者病倒了，她可以出去工作。这种“额外工人效应”可以维护失业保险或残疾保险提供的安全网，以便帮助家庭渡过难关。但现在，家庭财产的损失再也不可能通过呆在家里的其他伴侣的额外收入弥补了。在同一时期，家庭被要求在其退休收入中承担更多风险。钢铁厂的工人、航空公司的职员以及汽车产业的员工成为数百万不得不担心利率、股市波动以及可能比其退休收入存在时间更长的严酷现实的家庭。在去年的大多数时间里，布什总统一直致力于将社会保险体制转变成一种储蓄存款账户模式——要求退休人员将其大多数或所有保障报酬用来交换依靠投资回报所得的报酬。对于更年轻的家庭来说，前景并不是更乐观。卫生保健和家庭承担的份额的绝对成本都上涨了——最近实施的健康储蓄计划正在从立法机关扩展到沃尔玛的员工，其可减免税高得多，并且给家庭未来的卫生保健带来许多新投资风险。甚至人口统计状况也对中产阶层家庭不利，因为有一个体弱、年迈的父（母）亲——以及由此而产生的所有物资和经济援助——的可能性就在十几年内增长了8倍。从中产阶层家庭的角度来看，大多数情况是可以理解的，这根本不像一种发挥更多支付能力的机会，而是像一种将经济风险大规模转向那些已经负担过重的家庭的令人恐惧的加速。经济副作用已经开始，政治副作用可能也将开始。第二篇过去几年，《星期日报》的增刊《检阅》开设了一个名叫“询问玛丽琳”的专栏。人们被邀请去询问玛丽琳?沃斯?萨文特——她在10岁时测试的智力水平达到别人23岁时的水平，这使得她的智商高达228（是有记录的最高水平）。智商测试要求你完成口头和视觉分析，要求你在纸张被折叠、剪切后想象它的形状，要求你推论数字的顺序，以及其他类似的项目。所以，当沃斯?萨文特面对普通人（其智商为100）提出的像“热爱与喜爱之间的区别是什么？”或者“运气与巧合的特征是什么？”这样的问题时，她感到有点困惑。设想物体、判断数字模式的能力如何使一个人能够回答难倒了一些最杰出的诗人和哲学家的问题，这一点并不明显。很明显，智力包含的不只是一次测试所得的分数。而聪明意味着什么？可以明确显示多少智力？我们能够从神经学、遗传学、计算机科学以及其他领域了解多少智力？人类有关智力的定义性术语似乎仍然是智商分数，即使人们并不像以前那样经常进行智商测试。智商测试主要表现为两种形式：斯坦福—比奈智力量表和威斯勒智力量表（两种都有成人和儿童测试类型）。由于这些测试一般要花费几百美元，所以通常只有心理学家才进行这些测试，尽管这些测试的变种在书店和环球网上流行。得到像沃斯?萨文特这样的超高分数再也不可能了，因为现在的分数依据的是相同年龄者的统计学群体分布状况，而不是简单地通过实足年龄乘以100来划分智能年龄。其他标准测试，比如学术能力检测以及研究生入学考试，包含了智商测试的主要方面。罗博特?J?斯顿伯格认为，这样的标准测试不可能评估在学校和生活中取得成功所需的所有重要因素。在其名为“智力测试如何明智？”这篇文章中，斯顿伯格指出，传统的测试最恰当地评估了分析能力和语言表达能力，但没有测量创造性和实际知识，这些也是解决问题、在生活中取得成功的关键因素。而且，一旦人口或环境发生变化，智商测试就不一定预测得那么准确。研究发现，如果在低压力状况下进行智商测试，那么这种测试就可以预测领导才能，但是，在高压力状况下，智商测试所得的结果与领导才能的关系是否定的，也就是说，它预测的结果是相反的。任何经历过学术能力检测的人都会认为，应试能力也很重要，无论是知道何时应该进行推测还是知道应该忽略什么问题。第一篇如果你打算检查2006年世界杯锦标赛上所有足球运动员的出生证明，那么你最可能发现一种引人注意的巧合：优秀足球运动员更可能出生于每年的前几个月而不是后几个月。如果你检查进入世界杯和职业比赛的欧洲国家青年队的话，那么你会发现这种奇怪的现象甚至更明显。什么可以解释这种奇怪的现象呢？下面是一些猜测：a）某种占星术征兆使人具备更高的足球技能；b）冬季出生的婴儿往往具有更高的供氧能力，这提高了踢足球的耐力；c）热爱足球的父母更可能在春季（每年足球狂热的鼎盛时期）怀孕；d）以上各项都不是。安德斯?埃里克森是佛罗里达州立大学的一位58岁的心理学教授，他说，他坚信“以上各项都不是”这一点。埃里克森在瑞典长大，他一直在研究核工程，直到他认识到，如果他转向心理学领域，他会有更多机会从事自己的研究。他的首次试验是在大约30年以前进行的，与记忆有关——训练一个人先听一组任意挑选的数字，然后复述这些数字。“在接受大约20个小时的训练后，第一个试验对象（复述）的数字组合从7个上升到20个，”埃里克森回忆说。“该试验对象不断进步，在接受大约200个小时的训练后，他复述的数字已经达到80多个。”这次成功，连同后来证明“记忆本身不是遗传决定的”研究，使得埃里克森得出结论——记忆过程是一种认知练习，不是一种本能练习。换句话说，无论两个人在记忆力方面可能有什么样的天生差异，这些差异都会被每个人如何恰当地“解读”所记的信息所掩盖。埃里克森确信，了解如何有目的地解读信息的最佳方法就是一个为人所知的有意练习过程。有意练习需要的不只是简单地重复一个任务。相反，它涉及到确定明确的目标、获得即时反馈以及注重方法与结果。因此，埃里克森和他的同事开始研究广泛领域的成就优秀者，包括足球。他们收集了能够收集的所有资料，不只是表现方面的统计数据和传记详细资料，还包括他们自己对取得很高成就的人员进行的实验室实验结果。他们的研究得出了一个非常令人惊奇的结论——我们通常称为才能的特征被高估了。或者，换句话说，成就优秀者（无论是在记忆还是手术方面，在芭蕾还是计算机编程方面）几乎总是培养的，不是天生的。

2007年考研英语真题（含答案解析）2007年全国硕⼠研究⽣⼊学统⼀考试英语试题Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark [A], [B], [C] or [D] on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)By 1830 the former Spanish and Portuguese colonies had become independent nations. The roughly 20 million 1 of these nations looked 2 to the future. Born in the crisis of the old regime and Iberian Colonialism, many of the leaders of independence 3 the ideals of representative government, careers 4 to talent, freedom of commerce and trade, the 5 to private property, and a belief in the individual as the basis of society. 6 there was a belief that the new nations should be sovereign and independent states, large enough to be economically viable and integrated by a 7 set of laws.On the issue of 8 of religion and the position of the church, 9, there was less agreement 10 the leadership. Roman Catholicism had been the state religion and the only one 11 by the Spanish crown. 12 most leaders sought to maintain Catholicism13 the official religion of the new states, some sought to end the14 of other faiths. The defense of the Church became a rallying15 for the conservative forces.The ideals of the early leaders of independence were often egalitarian, valuing equality of everything. Bolivar had received aidfrom Haiti and had 16 in return to abolish slavery in the areas he liberated. By 1854 slavery had been abolished everywhere except Spain’s 17 colonies. Early promises to end Indian tribute and taxes on people of mixed origin came much 18 because the new nations still needed the revenue such policies 19. Egalitarian sentiments were often tempered by fears that the mass of the population was 20 self-rule and democracy.1. [A] natives[B] inhabitants[C] peoples[D] individuals2. [A] confusedly[B] cheerfully[C] worriedly[D] hopefully3. [A] shared[B] forgot[C] attained[D] rejected4. [A] related[B] succession[C] right[D] return6. [A] Presumably[B] Incidentally[C] Obviously[D] Generally7. [A] unique[B] common[C] particular[D] typical8. [A] freedom[B] origin[C] impact[D] reform9. [A] therefore[B] however[C] indeed[D] moreover10. [A] with[B] about[C] among[D] by11. [A] allowed[B] preached[C] granted[D] funded12. [A] Since[B] If[C] Unless[D] While14. [A] spread[B] interference[C] exclusion[D] influence15. [A] support[B] cry[C] plea[D] wish16. [A] urged[B] intended[C] expected[D] promised17. [A] controlling[B] former[C] remaining[D] original18. [A] slower[B] faster[C] easier[D] tougher19. [A] created[B] produced[C] contributed[D] preferred20. [A] puzzled by[B] hostile to[C] pessimistic about[D] unprepared forSection II Reading Comprehension Part ADirections:If you were to examine the birth certificates of every soccer player in 2006’s World Cup tournament, you would most likely find a noteworthy quirk: elite soccer players are more likely to have been born in the earlier months of the year than in the later months. If you then examined the European national youth teams that feed the World Cup and professional ranks, you would find this strange phenomenon to be even more pronounced.What might account for this strange phenomenon? Here are a few guesses: a) certain astrological signs confer superior soccer skills;b) winter-born babies tend to have higher oxygen capacity, which increases soccer stamina; c) soccer-mad parents are more likely to conceive children in springtime, at the annual peak of soccer mania; d) none of the above.Anders Ericsson, a 58-year-old psychology professor at Florida State University, says he believes strongly in “none of the above.” Ericsson grew up in Sweden, and studied nuclear engineering until he realized he would have more opportunity to conduct his own research if he switched to psychology. His first experiment, nearly 30 years ago, involved memory: training a person to hear and then repeat a random series of numbers. “With the first subject, after about 20 hours of training, his digit span had risen from 7 to 20,” Ericsson recalls. “He kept improving, and after about 200 hours of training he had risen to over 80 numbers.”This success, coupled with later research showing that memory itself is not genetically determined, led Ericsson to conclude that the act of memorizing is more of a cognitive exercise than an intuitive one. In other words, whatever inborn differences two people may exhibit in their abilities to memorize, those differences are swamped by how well each person “encodes” the information. And the best way to learn how to encode information meaningfully, Ericsson determined, was a process known as deliberate practice. Deliberate practice entails more than simply repeating a task. Rather, it involves setting specific goals, obtaining immediate feedback and concentrating as much on technique as on outcome.Ericsson and his colleagues have thus taken to studying expert performers in a wide range of pursuits, including soccer. They gather all the data they can, not just performance statistics and biographical details but also the results of their own laboratory experiments with high achievers. Their work makes a rather startling assertion: the trait we commonly call talent is highly overrated. Or, put another way, expert performers –whether in memory or surgery, ballet or computer programming –are nearly always made, not born.21. The birthday phenomenon found among soccer players is mentioned to[A] stress the importance of professional training.[B] spotlight the soccer superstars in the World Cup.[C] introduce the topic of what makes expert performance.[D] explain why some soccer teams play better than others.22. The word “mania” (Line 4, Paragraph 2) most probably means[A] fun.[B] craze.[C] hysteria.[D] excitement.23. According to Ericsson, good memory[A] depends on meaningful processing of information.[B] results from intuitive rather than cognitive exercises.[C] is determined by genetic rather than psychological factors.[D] requires immediate feedback and a high degree of concentration.24. Ericsson and his colleagues believe that[A] talent is a dominating factor for professional success.[D] high achievers owe their success mostly to nurture.25. Which of the following proverbs is closest to the message the texttries to convey?[A] “Faith will move mountains.”[B] “One reaps what one sows.”[C] “Practice makes perfect.”[D] “Like father, like son.”Text 2For the past several years, the Sunday newspaper supplement Parade has featured a column called “Ask Marilyn.” People are invited to query Marilyn vos Savant, who at age 10 had tested at a mental level of someone about 23 years old; that gave her an IQ of 228 – the highest score ever recorded. IQ tests ask you to complete verbal and visual analogies, to envision paper after it has been folded and cut, and to deduce numerical sequences, among other similar tasks. So it is a bit confusing when vos Savant fields such queries from the average Joe (whose IQ is 100) as,What’s the difference between love and fondness? Or what is the nature of luck and coincidence? It’s not obvious how the capacity to visualize objects and to figure out numerical patterns suits one to answer questions that have eluded some of the best poets and philosophers.Clearly, intelligence encompasses more than a score on a test. Just what does it mean to be smart? How much of intelligence can be specified, and how much can we learn about it from neurology, genetics, computer science and other fields?The defining term of intelligence in humans still seems to be the IQ score, even though IQ tests are not given as often as they used to be. The test comes primarily in two forms: the Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale and the Wechsler Intelligence Scales (both come in adult and children’s version). Generally costing several hundred dollars, they are usually given only by psychologists, although variations of them populate bookstores and the World Wide Web. Superhigh scores like vos Savant’s are no longer possible, because scoring is now based on a statistical population distribution among age peers, rather than simply dividing the mental age by the chronological age and multiplying by 100. Other standardized tests, such as the Scholastic Assessment Test (SAT) and the Graduate Record Exam (GRE), capture the main aspects of IQ tests.Such standardized tests may not assess all the important elements necessary to succeed in school and in life, argues Robert J. Sternberg. In his article “How Intelligent Is Intelligence Testing?”, Sternberg notes that traditional test best assess analytical and verbal skills but fail to measure creativity and practical knowledge, components also critical to problem solving and life success. Moreover, IQ tests do not necessarily predict so well once populations or situations change. Research has found that IQ predicted leadership skills when the tests were given under low-stress conditions, but under high-stress conditions, IQ was negatively correlated with leadership – that is, it predicted the opposite. Anyone who has toiled through SAT will testify that test-taking skill also matters, whether it’s knowing when to guess or what questions to skip.26. Which of the following may be required in an intelligence test?[A] Answering philosophical questions.[B] Folding or cutting paper into different shapes.[C] Telling the differences between certain concepts.[D] Choosing words or graphs similar to the given ones.27. What can be inferred about intelligence testing from Paragraph 3?[A] People no longer use IQ scores as an indicator of intelligence.[B] More versions of IQ tests are now available on the Internet.[C] The test contents and formats for adults and children may beintelligence.28. People nowadays can no longer achieve IQ scores as high as vos Savant’s because[A] the scores are obtained through different computationalprocedures.[B] creativity rather than analytical skills is emphasized now.[C] vos Savant’s case is an extreme one that will not repeat.[D] the defining characteristic of IQ tests has changed.29. We can conclude from the last paragraph that[A] test scores may not be reliable indicators of one’s ability.[B] IQ scores and SAT results are highly correlated.[C] testing involves a lot of guesswork.[D] traditional test are out of date.30. What is the author’s attitude towards IQ tests?[A] Supportive.[B] Skeptical.[C] Impartial.[D] Biased.Text 3During the past generation, the American middle-class family that once could count on hard work and fair play to keep itself financially secure had been transformed by economic risk and new realities. Now a pink slip, a bad diagnosis, or a disappearing spouse can reduce a family from solidly middle class to newly poor in a few months.In just one generation, millions of mothers have gone to work, transforming basic family economics. Scholars, policymakers, and critics of all stripes have debated the social implications of these changes, but few have looked at the side effect: family risk has risen as well. Today’s families have budgeted to the limits of their new two-paycheck status. As a result, they have lost the parachute they once had in times of financial setback – a back-up earner (usually Mom) who could go into the workforce if the primary earner got laid off or fellsick. This “added-worker effect” could support the safety net offered by unemployment insurance or disability insurance to help families weather bad times. But today, a disruption to family fortunes can no longer be made up with extra income from an otherwise-stay-at-home partner.During the same period, families have been asked to absorb much more risk in their retirement income. Steelworkers, airline employees, and now those in the auto industry are joining millions of families who must worry about interest rates, stock market fluctuation, and the harsh reality that they may outlive their retirement money. For much of the past year, President Bush campaigned to move Social Security to a saving-account model, with retirees trading much or all of their guaranteed payments for payments depending on investment returns. For younger families, the picture is not any better. Both the absolute cost of healthcare and the share of it borne by families have risen – and newly fashionable health-savings plans are spreading from legislative halls to Wal-Mart workers, with much higher deductibles and a large new dose of investment risk for families’future healthcare. Even demographics are working against the middle class family, as the odds of having a weak elderly parent –and all the attendant need for physical and financial assistance – have jumped eightfold in just one generation.From the middle-class family perspective, much of this, understandably, looks far less like an opportunity to exercise more[A] the safety net they used to enjoy has disappeared.[B] their chances of being laid off have greatly increased.[C] they are more vulnerable to changes in family economics.[D] they are deprived of unemployment or disability insurance.32. As a result of President Bush’s reform, retired people may have[A] a higher sense of security.[B] less secured payments.[C] less chance to invest.[D] a guaranteed future.33. According to the author, health-savings plans will[A] help reduce the cost of healthcare.[B] popularize among the middle class.[C] compensate for the reduced pensions.[D] increase the families’ investment risk.34. It can be inferred from the last paragraph that[A] financial risks tend to outweigh political risks.[B] the middle class may face greater political challenges.[C] financial problems may bring about political problems.[D] financial responsibility is an indicator of political status.35. Which of the following is the best title for this text?[A] The Middle Class on the Alert[B] The Middle Class on the Cliff[C] The Middle Class in Conflict[D] The Middle Class in RuinsText 4It never rains but it pours. Just as bosses and boards have finally sorted out their worst accounting and compliance troubles, and improved their feeble corporation governance, a new problem threatens to earn them – especially in America – the sort of nasty headlines that inevitably lead to heads rolling in the executive suite: data insecurity. Left, until now, to odd, low-level IT staff to put right, and seen as a concern only of data-rich industries such as banking, telecoms and air travel, information protection is now high on the boss’s agenda in businesses of every variety.Several massive leakages of customer and employee data this year –from organizations as diverse as Time Warner, the American defense contractor Science Applications International Corp and even the University of California, Berkeley – have left managers hurriedly peering into their intricate IT systems and business processes in search of potential vulnerabilities.“Data is becoming an asset which needs to be guarded as much as any other asset,” says Haim Mendelson of Stanford University’s business school. “The ability to guard customer data is the key to market value, which the board is responsible for on behalf of shareholders.” Indeed, just as there is the concept of Generally Accepted Accounting Principles (GAAP), perhaps it is time for GASP, Generally Accepted Security Practices, suggested Eli Noam of New York’s Columbia Business School.The mystery is that this should come as a surprise to any boss. Surely it should be obvious to the dimmest executive that trust, that most valuable of economic assets, is easily destroyed and hugely expensive to restore – and that few things are more likely to destroy trust than a company letting sensitive personal data get into the wrong hands.The current state of affairs may have been encouraged – though not justified – by the lack of legal penalty (in America, but not Europe) for data leakage. Until California recently passed a law, American firms did not have to tell anyone, even the victim, when data went astray. That may change fast: lots of proposed data-security legislation is now doing the rounds in Washington, D.C. Meanwhile, the theft of information about some 40 million credit-card accounts in America, disclosed on June 17th, overshadowed a hugely important decision a day earlier by America’s Federal Trade Commission (FTC) that puts corporate America on notice that regulators will act if firms fail to provide adequate data security.36. The statement “It never rains but it pours” is used to introduce[A] the fierce business competition.[B] the feeble boss-board relations.[C] the threat from news reports.[D] the severity of data leakage.37. According to Paragraph 2, some organizations check their systems tofind out[A] whether there is any weak point.[B] what sort of data has been stolen.[C] who is responsible for the leakage.[D] how the potential spies can be located.38. In bringing up the concept of GASP the author is making the pointthat[A] shareholders’ interests should be properly attended to.[B] information protection should be given due attention.[C] businesses should enhance their level of accounting security.[D] the market value of customer data should be emphasized.39. According to Paragraph 4, what puzzles the author is that some bossesfail to[A] see the link between trust and data protection.[B] perceive the sensitivity of personal data.[C] realize the high cost of data restoration.[D] appreciate the economic value of trust.40. It can be inferred from Paragraph 5 that[A] data leakage is more severe in Europe.[B] FTC’s decision is essential to data security.[C] California takes the lead in security legislation.Directions:You are going to read a list of headings and a text about what parents are supposed to do to guide their children into adulthood. Choose a heading from the list A—G that best fits the meaning of each numbered part of the text (41-45). The first and last paragraphs of the text are not numbered. There are two extra headings that you do not need to use. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)A. Set a Good Example for Your KidsB. Build Your Kids’ Work SkillsC. Place Time Limits on Leisure ActivitiesD. Talk about the Future on a Regular BasisE. Help Kids Develop Coping StrategiesF. Help Your Kids Figure Out Who They AreG. Build Your Kids’ Sense of ResponsibilityHow Can a Parent Help?Mothers and fathers can do a lot to ensure a safe landing in early adulthood for their kids. Even if a job’s starting salary seems too small to satisfy an emerging adult’s need for rapid content, the transition from school to work can be less of a setback if the start-up adult is ready for the move. Here are a few measures, drawn from my book Ready or Not, Here Life Comes, that parents can take to prevent what I call “work-life unreadiness.”⼤41家/doc/d12d9666935f804d2b160b4e767f5acfa0c7836f.htmlYou can start this process when they are 11 or 12. Periodically reviewtheir emerging strengths and weaknesses with them and work together on any shortcomings, like difficulty in communicating well or collaborating. Also, identify the kinds of interests they keep coming back to, as these offer clues to the careers that will fit them best.⼤42家/doc/d12d9666935f804d2b160b4e767f5acfa0c7836f.htmlKids need a range of authentic role models – as opposed to members of their clique, pop stars and vaunted athletes. Have regular dinner-table discussions about people the family knows and how they got where they are. Discuss the joys and downsides of your own career and encourage your kids to form some ideas about their own future. When asked what they want to do, they should be discouraged from saying “I have no idea.” They can change their minds 200 times, but having only a foggy view of the future is of little good.⼤43家/doc/d12d9666935f804d2b160b4e767f5acfa0c7836f.htmlTeachers are responsible for teaching kids how to learn; parents should be responsible for teaching them how to work. Assign responsibilities around the house and make sure homework deadlines are met. Encourage teenagers to take a part-time job. Kids need plenty of practice delaying gratification and deploying effective organizational skills, such as managing time and setting priorities.⼤44家/doc/d12d9666935f804d2b160b4e767f5acfa0c7836f.htmlPlaying video games encourages immediate content. And hours of watching TV shows with canned laughter only teaches kids to process information in a passive way. At the same time, listening through earphones to the same monotonous beats for long stretches encourages kids to stay inside their bubble instead of pursuing other endeavors. All these activities can prevent the growth of important communication and thinking skills and make it difficult for kids to develop the kind of sustained concentration they will need for most jobs.⼤45家/doc/d12d9666935f804d2b160b4e767f5acfa0c7836f.htmlThey should know how to deal with setbacks, stresses and feelings of inadequacy. They should also learn how to solve problems and resolve conflicts, ways to brainstorm and think critically. Discussions at home can help kids practice doingnot to come across as disappointed in their child. They should exhibit strong interest and respect for whatever currently interests their fledging adult (as naive or ill conceived as it may seem) while becoming a partner in exploring options for the future. Most of all, these new adults must feel that they are respected and supported by a family that appreciates them.Part CDirections:Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET 2. (10 points)The study of law has been recognized for centuries as a basic intellectual discipline in European universities. However, only in recent years has it become a feature of undergraduate programs in Canadian universities. (46) Traditionally, legal learning has been viewed in such institutions as the special preserve of lawyers, rather than a necessary part of the intellectual equipment of an educated person. Happily, the older and more continental view of legal education is establishing itself in a number of Canadian universities and some have even begun to offer undergraduate degrees in law.If the study of law is beginning to establish itself as part and parcel of a general education, its aims and methods should appeal directly to journalism educators. Law is a discipline which encourages responsible judgment. On the one hand, it provides opportunities to analyze such ideas as justice, democracy and freedom. (47) On the other, it links these concepts to everyday realities in a manner which is parallel to the links journalists forge on a daily basis as they cover and comment on the news. For example, notions of evidence and fact, of basic rights and public interest are at work in the process of journalistic judgment and production just as in courts of law. Sharpening judgment by absorbing and reflecting on law is a desirable component of a journalist’s intellectual preparation for his or her career.(48) But the idea that the journalist must understand the law more profoundly than an ordinary citizen rests on an understanding of the established conventions and special responsibilities of the news media. Politics or, more broadly, the functioning of the state, is a major subject for journalists. The better informed they are about the way the state works, the better their reporting will be. (49) In fact, it is difficult to see how journalists who do not have a clear grasp of the basic features of the Canadian Constitution can do a competent job on political stories.Furthermore, the legal system and the events which occur within it are primary subjects for journalists. While the quality of legal journalism varies greatly, there is an undue reliance amongst many journalists on interpretations supplied to them by lawyers. (50) While comment and reaction from lawyers may enhance stories, it is preferable for journalists to rely on their own notions of significance and make their own judgments. These can only come from a well-grounded understanding of the legal system.Section III WritingPart A51. Directions:Write a letter to you university library, making suggestions for improving its service.You should write about 100 words on ANSWER SHEET 2.Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use “Li Ming”instead.Do not write the address. (10 points)Part B52. Directions:Write an essay of 160-200 words based on the following drawing. In your essay, you should1) describe the drawing briefly,2) explain its intended meaning, and then3) support your view with an example/examples.2007年考研英语真题答案Section I: Use of English (10 points)1. B2. D3. A4. C5. C6. D7. B8. A9. B 10. C11. A 12. D 13. A 14. C 15. B16. D 17. C 18. A 19. B 20. D Section II: Reading Comprehension (60 points) Part A (40 points)21. C 22. B 23. A 24. D 25. C26. D 27. C 28. A 29. A 30. B31. C 32. B 33. D 34. C 35. B36. D 37. A 38. B 39. A 40. DPart B (10 points)41. F 42. D 43. B 44. C 45. EPart C (10 points)46. 长久以来，法律知识在这类学校⾥⼀起被视为律师们专有的，⽽不是⼀个受教育者的知识素养的必要组成部分。

2007年‎考研英语阅‎读理解解析‎Text 121：The birth‎d ay pheno‎m enon‎found‎among‎socce‎r playe‎r s is menti‎o ned to “原文提到足‎球运动员的‎生日现象的‎目的是什么‎？”[A]错在“profe‎s sion‎a l train‎i ng”，原文对应是‎第一段，其中根本就‎没有涉及到‎“profe‎s sion‎a l train‎i ng”这个概念。

虽然在末句‎有这么一个‎词组“profe‎s sion‎a l ranks‎”，但根本不是‎这么个意思‎。

[B]“spotl‎i ght”世界杯上的‎足球巨星。

通过对第一‎段的理解，我们知道原‎文是通过e‎x amin‎e世界杯上‎的足球巨星‎而得出“生日”现象。

“spotl‎i ght世‎界杯上的足‎球巨星”就当然不是‎提到生日现‎象的目的了‎。

[C]“引出文章主‎题，出色表现的‎原因”，符合中心。

[D]“解释一些足‎球队比另一‎些足球队踢‎得好的原因‎”，言下之意就‎是“生日”是决定球员‎表现的原因‎。

这是明显的‎错误，一方面和常‎理矛盾，另一方面和‎中心矛盾。

22：“mania‎”的意思？在原文中的‎对应句子是‎第二段倒数‎第二句“socce‎r mad paren‎t s ……at the annua‎l peak of socce‎r mania‎” “疯狂的父母‎……在mani‎a 的足球赛‎季”，对应的应该‎是“疯狂的赛季‎”，选项中只有‎[B]crazy‎=原文中的“mad”。

23：[B]和[C]与原文矛盾‎，很容易排除‎。

从原文中找‎对应的句子‎来看，应该是在原‎文第四段“In other‎words‎,……by how well each perso‎n encod‎e s the infor‎m atio‎n”“记忆力之间‎的差异能被‎每个人如何‎输入信息s‎w ampe‎d”。

2007 Text 1①If you were to examine the birth certificates of every soccer player in 2006’s World Cup tournament, you would most likely find a noteworthy quirk: elite soccer players are more likely to have been born in the earlier months of the year than in the late months.②If you then examined the European national youth teams that feed the World Cup and professional ranks, you would find this strange phenomenon to be ever more pronounced.如果你打算在2006年世界杯锦标赛上调查所有足球运动员的出生证明，那么你很有可能发现一个引人注目的巧合：优秀足球运动员更可能出生于每年的前几个月而不是后几个月。

如果你接着调查世界杯和职业比赛的欧洲国家青年队的话，那么你会发现这一奇怪的现象甚至更明显。

③What might account for this strange phenomenon? Here are a few guesses: a) certain astrological signs confer superior soccer skills; b) winter born babies tend to have higher oxygen capacity, which increases soccer stamina; c) soccer-mad parents are more likely to conceive children in springtime, at the annual peak of soccer mania; d) none of the above.什么可以解释这一奇怪的现象呢？下面是一些猜测：a）某种占星术征兆使人具备更高的足球技能；b）冬季出生的婴儿往往具有更高的供氧能力，这增加了踢足球的持久力；c）热爱足球的父母更可能在春季（每年足球狂热的鼎盛时期）怀孕；d）以上各项都不是。

最新文件---------------- 仅供参考--------------------已改成-----------word文本 --------------------- 方便更改2007 Text 2For the past several years, the Sunday newspaper supplement Parade has featured a column called “Ask Marilyn.” People are invited to query Marilyn vos Savant, who at age 10 had tested at a mental level of someone about 23 years old; that gave her an IQ of 228 –the highest score ever recorded. IQ tests ask you to complete verbal and visual analogies, to envision paper after it has been folded and cut, and to deduce numerical sequences, among other similar tasks. So it is a bit confusing when vos Savant fields such queries from the average Joe (whose IQ is 100) as, What’s the difference between love and fondness? Or what is the nature of luck and coincidence?①It’s not obvious how the capacity to visualize objects and to figure out numerical patterns suits one to answer questions that have eluded some of the best poets and philosophers.在过去的几年，《星期日报》的增刊《漫步》开设了一个名为“询问玛丽琳”的专栏。