MAX6324FUT23中文资料
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max232引脚图及RS232引脚定义2009-08-23 15:25max232是一种把电脑的串行口rs232信号电平(-10 ,+10v)转换为单片机所用到的TTL信号点平(0 ,+5)的芯片,这个芯片的价格比较贵大约要6元,下面我来介绍一下max232引脚图以及max232和电脑串口的连接电路,RS232引脚定义。
看下面的图。
《max232引脚图》《max232电路》《RS232引脚定义》引脚定义符号1 载波检测DCD2 接收数据RXD3 发送数据TXD4 数据终端准备好DTR5 信号地SG6 数据准备好DSR7 请求发送RTS8 清除发送CTS9 振铃提示RI希望上面的资料对你有用。
交流接触器原理2009-09-20 17:41交流接触器广泛用作电力的开断和控制电路。
交流接触器利用主接点来开闭电路,用辅助接点来执行控制指令。
主接点一般只有常开接点,而辅助接点常有两对具有常开和常闭功能的接点,小型的接触器也经常作为中间继电器配合主电路使用。
交流接触器的接点,由银钨合金制成,具有良好的导电性和耐高温烧蚀性。
交流接触器的动作动力来源于交流电磁铁,电磁铁由两个“山”字形的幼硅钢片叠成,其中一个固定,在上面套上线圈,工作电压有多种供选择。
为了使磁力稳定,铁芯的吸合面,加上短路环。
交流接触器在失电后,依靠弹簧复位。
另一半是活动铁芯,构造和固定铁芯一样,用以带动主接点和辅助接点的开短。
20安培以上的接触器加有灭弧罩,利用断开电路时产生的电磁力,快速拉断电弧,以保护接点。
交流接触器制作为一个整体,外形和性能也在不断提高,但是功能始终不变。
无论技术的发展到什么程度,普通的交流接触器还是有其重要的地位。
交流接触器工作原理是什么?交流接触器广泛用作电力的开断和控制电路。
交流接触器利用主接点来开闭电路,用辅助接点来执行控制指令。
主接点一般只有常开接点,而辅助接点常有两对具有常开和常闭功能的接点,小型的接触器也经常作为中间继电器配合主电路使用。
User ManualIPC-6234U, 20-slot Rackmount IndustrialChassis4U, 20槽上架式工业机箱4U, 20槽上架式工業機箱Copyright/版权声明/版權聲明The documentation and the software included with this product are copyrighted 2018 by Advantech Co., Ltd. All rights are reserved. Advantech Co., Ltd. reserves the right to improve the products described in this manual at any time without notice. No part of this manual may be reproduced, copied, translated, or transmitted in any form or by any means without the prior written permission of Advantech Co., Ltd. The infor-mation provided in this manual is intended to be accurate and reliable. However, Advantech Co., Ltd. assumes no responsibility for its use, nor for any infringements of the rights of third parties that may result from its use.随附本产品发行的文件为研华公司2018年版权所有,并保留相关权利。
针对本手册中相关产品的说明,研华公司保留随时变更的权利,恕不另行通知。
本科毕业论文(设计)论文(设计)题目:可编程电磁加热系统设计学院:专业:班级:学号:学生姓名:指导教师:2011 年 05 月20日贵州大学本科毕业论文(设计)诚信责任书本人郑重声明:本人所呈交的毕业论文(设计),是在导师的指导下独立进行研究所完成。
毕业论文(设计)中凡引用他人已经发表或未发表的成果、数据、观点等,均已明确注明出处。
特此声明。
论文(设计)作者签名:日期:摘要 (III)ABSTRACT ................................................................................................ I V 前言 (1)第一章电磁加热设计的意义及任务 (2)1.1电磁加热的意义 (2)1.2设计任务 (2)第二章电磁加热的工作原理 (3)2.1电磁加热电控部分工作原理 (3)2.2电磁加热的加热原理 (3)第三章主要电路组成及分析 (4)3.1MCU电路 (5)3.1.1 复位电路 (5)3.1.2 晶振电路 (5)3.2串行接口电路 (6)3.3LC振荡电路 (7)3.4同步及振荡电路 (9)3.5IGBT高压保护电路 (10)3.6PWM脉宽调控电路 (10)3.7IGBT驱动电路 (11)3.8浪涌保护电路 (12)3.9电流检测电路 (12)3.10电压检测电路 (13)3.11电源供电电路 (14)3.12蜂鸣器报警电路 (14)3.13IGBT温度检测电路 (15)3.14风扇驱动电路 (15)第四章主要元器件的介绍 (17)4.1IGBT (17)4.1.1 定义: (17)4.1.2防静电: (17)4.1.3测量方法: (18)4.2MCU (18)4.2.1性能特点 (18)4.2.2 引脚介绍 (20)4.3MAX232 (21)第五章系统的软件设计 (23)第六章系统的制作、焊接与调试 (25)6.1系统的制作 (25)6.2系统的焊接 (25)6.3系统的调试 (25)设计总结 (27)参考文献 (28)致谢 (29)附录 (30)附录一系统的程序清单 .............................................. 错误!未定义书签。
________________General DescriptionThe MAX3222/MAX3232/MAX3237/MAX3241 trans-ceivers have a proprietary low-dropout transmitter out-put stage enabling true RS-232 performance from a 3.0V to 5.5V supply with a dual charge pump. The devices require only four small 0.1µF external charge-pump capacitors. The MAX3222, MAX3232, and MAX3241 are guaranteed to run at data rates of 120kbps while maintaining RS-232 output levels. The MAX3237 is guaranteed to run at data rates of 250kbps in the normal operating mode and 1Mbps in the MegaBaud™ operating mode, while maintaining RS-232output levels.The MAX3222/MAX3232 have 2 receivers and 2 drivers. The MAX3222 features a 1µA shutdown mode that reduces power consumption and extends battery life in portable systems. Its receivers remain active in shutdown mode, allowing external devices such as modems to be monitored using only 1µA supply cur-rent. The MAX3222 and MAX3232 are pin, package,and functionally compatible with the industry-standard MAX242 and MAX232, respectively.The MAX3241 is a complete serial port (3 drivers/5 receivers) designed for notebook and subnotebook computers. The MAX3237 (5 drivers/3 receivers) is ideal for fast modem applications. Both these devices feature a shutdown mode in which all receivers can remain active while using only 1µA supply current. Receivers R1(MAX3237/MAX3241) and R2 (MAX3241) have extra out-puts in addition to their standard outputs. These extra outputs are always active, allowing external devices such as a modem to be monitored without forward bias-ing the protection diodes in circuitry that may have V CC completely removed.The MAX3222, MAX3237, and MAX3241 are available in space-saving TSSOP and SSOP packages.________________________ApplicationsNotebook, Subnotebook, and Palmtop Computers High-Speed ModemsHand-Held Equipment Peripherals Printers3.0V to 5.5V , Low-Power , up to 1Mbps, T rue RS-232Transceivers Using Four 0.1µF External CapacitorsMegaBaud and UCSP are trademarks of Maxim Integrated Products, Inc.Typical Operating Circuits appear at end of data sheet.MAX3222/MAX3232/ MAX3237/MAX3241捷多邦,您值得信赖的PCB打样专家!3.0V to 5.5V , Low-Power , up to 1Mbps, T rue RS-232Transceivers Using Four 0.1µF External CapacitorsABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGSELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS(V CC = +3.0V to +5.5V, C1–C4 = 0.1µF (Note 2), T A = T MIN to T MAX , unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at T A = +25°C.)Stresses beyond those listed under “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the operational sections of the specifications is not implied. Exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability.Note 1:V+ and V- can have a maximum magnitude of 7V, but their absolute difference cannot exceed 13V.V CC ...........................................................................-0.3V to +6V V+ (Note 1)...............................................................-0.3V to +7V V- (Note 1)................................................................+0.3V to -7V V+ + V- (Note 1)...................................................................+13V Input VoltagesT_IN, SHDN , EN ...................................................-0.3V to +6V MBAUD...................................................-0.3V to (V CC + 0.3V)R_IN.................................................................................±25V Output VoltagesT_OUT...........................................................................±13.2V R_OUT....................................................-0.3V to (V CC + 0.3V)Short-Circuit DurationT_OUT....................................................................ContinuousContinuous Power Dissipation (T A = +70°C)16-Pin TSSOP (derate 6.7mW/°C above +70°C).............533mW 16-Pin Narrow SO (derate 8.70mW/°C above +70°C)....696mW 16-Pin Wide SO (derate 9.52mW/°C above +70°C)........762mW 16-Pin Plastic DIP (derate 10.53mW/°C above +70°C)...842mW 18-Pin SO (derate 9.52mW/°C above +70°C)..............762mW 18-Pin Plastic DIP (derate 11.11mW/°C above +70°C)..889mW 20-Pin SSOP (derate 7.00mW/°C above +70°C).........559mW 20-Pin TSSOP (derate 8.0mW/°C above +70°C).............640mW 28-Pin TSSOP (derate 8.7mW/°C above +70°C).............696mW 28-Pin SSOP (derate 9.52mW/°C above +70°C).........762mW 28-Pin SO (derate 12.50mW/°C above +70°C).....................1W Operating Temperature RangesMAX32_ _C_ _.....................................................0°C to +70°C MAX32_ _E_ _ .................................................-40°C to +85°C Storage Temperature Range.............................-65°C to +150°C Lead Temperature (soldering, 10s).................................+300°CMAX3222/MAX3232/MAX3237/MAX32413.0V to 5.5V , Low-Power , up to 1Mbps, T rue RS-232Transceivers Using Four 0.1µF External CapacitorsTIMING CHARACTERISTICS—MAX3222/MAX3232/MAX3241(V CC = +3.0V to +5.5V, C1–C4 = 0.1µF (Note 2), T A = T MIN to T MAX , unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at T A = +25°C.)ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued)(V CC = +3.0V to +5.5V, C1–C4 = 0.1µF (Note 2), T A = T MIN to T MAX , unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at T A = +25°C.)MAX3222/MAX3232/MAX3237/MAX32413.0V to 5.5V , Low-Power , up to 1Mbps, T rue RS-232Transceivers Using Four 0.1µF External Capacitors__________________________________________Typical Operating Characteristics(V CC = +3.3V, 235kbps data rate, 0.1µF capacitors, all transmitters loaded with 3k Ω, T A = +25°C, unless otherwise noted.)-6-5-4-3-2-101234560MAX3222/MAX3232TRANSMITTER OUTPUT VOLTAGEvs. LOAD CAPACITANCELOAD CAPACITANCE (pF)T R A N S M I T T E R O U T P U T V O L T A G E (V )20003000100040005000246810121416182022150MAX3222/MAX3232SLEW RATEvs. LOAD CAPACITANCELOAD CAPACITANCE (pF)S L E W R A T E (V /µs )20003000100040005000510152025303540MAX3222/MAX3232SUPPLY CURRENT vs. LOAD CAPACITANCEWHEN TRANSMITTING DATALOAD CAPACITANCE (pF)S U P P L Y C U R R E N T (m A )20003000100040005000TIMING CHARACTERISTICS—MAX3237(V CC = +3.0V to +5.5V, C1–C4 = 0.1µF (Note 2), T A = T MIN to T MAX , unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at T A = +25°C.)Note 2:MAX3222/MAX3232/MAX3241: C1–C4 = 0.1µF tested at 3.3V ±10%; C1 = 0.047µF, C2–C4 = 0.33µF tested at 5.0V ±10%.MAX3237: C1–C4 = 0.1µF tested at 3.3V ±5%; C1–C4 = 0.22µF tested at 3.3V ±10%; C1 = 0.047µF, C2–C4 = 0.33µF tested at 5.0V ±10%.Note 3:Transmitter input hysteresis is typically 250mV.MAX3222/MAX3232/MAX3237/MAX32413.0V to 5.5V , Low-Power , up to 1Mbps, T rue RS-232Transceivers Using Four 0.1µF External Capacitors-7.5-5.0-2.502.55.07.50MAX3241TRANSMITTER OUTPUT VOLTAGEvs. LOAD CAPACITANCELOAD CAPACITANCE (pF)T R A N S M I T T E R O U T P U T V O L T A G E (V )2000300010004000500046810121416182022240MAX3241SLEW RATEvs. LOAD CAPACITANCELOAD CAPACITANCE (pF)S L E W R A T E (V /µs )20003000100040005000510152025303545400MAX3241SUPPLY CURRENT vs. LOADCAPACITANCE WHEN TRANSMITTING DATALOAD CAPACITANCE (pF)S U P P L Y C U R R E N T (m A )20003000100040005000-7.5-5.0-2.502.55.07.50MAX3237TRANSMITTER OUTPUT VOLTAGE vs. LOAD CAPACITANCE (MBAUD = GND)LOAD CAPACITANCE (pF)T R A N S M I T T E R O U T P U T V O L T A G E (V )200030001000400050000102030504060700MAX3237SLEW RATE vs. LOAD CAPACITANCE(MBAUD = V CC )LOAD CAPACITANCE (pF)S L E W R A T E (V /µs )500100015002000-7.5-5.0-2.502.55.07.50MAX3237TRANSMITTER OUTPUT VOLTAGE vs. LOAD CAPACITANCE (MBAUD = V CC )LOAD CAPACITANCE (pF)T R A N S M I T T E R O U T P U T V O L T A G E (V )5001000150020001020304050600MAX3237SUPPLY CURRENT vs.LOAD CAPACITANCE (MBAUD = GND)LOAD CAPACITANCE (pF)S U P P L Y C U R R E N T(m A )200030001000400050000246810120MAX3237SLEW RATE vs. LOAD CAPACITANCE(MBAUD = GND)LOAD CAPACITANCE (pF)S L E W R A T E (V /µs )2000300010004000500010302040506070MAX3237SKEW vs. LOAD CAPACITANCE(t PLH - t PHL )LOAD CAPACITANCE (pF)1000150050020002500_____________________________Typical Operating Characteristics (continued)(V CC = +3.3V, 235kbps data rate, 0.1µF capacitors, all transmitters loaded with 3k Ω, T A = +25°C, unless otherwise noted.)MAX3222/MAX3232/MAX3237/MAX32413.0V to 5.5V , Low-Power , up to 1Mbps, T rue RS-232Transceivers Using Four 0.1µF External Capacitors______________________________________________________________Pin DescriptionMAX3222/MAX3232/MAX3237/MAX32413.0V to 5.5V , Low-Power , up to 1Mbps, T rue RS-232Transceivers Using Four 0.1µF External Capacitors_______________Detailed DescriptionDual Charge-Pump Voltage ConverterThe MAX3222/MAX3232/MAX3237/MAX3241’s internal power supply consists of a regulated dual charge pump that provides output voltages of +5.5V (doubling charge pump) and -5.5V (inverting charge pump), regardless of the input voltage (V CC ) over the 3.0V to 5.5V range. The charge pumps operate in a discontinuous mode; if the output voltages are less than 5.5V, the charge pumps are enabled, and if the output voltages exceed 5.5V, the charge pumps are disabled. Each charge pump requires a flying capacitor (C1, C2) and a reservoir capacitor (C3, C4) to generate the V+ and V- supplies.RS-232 TransmittersThe transmitters are inverting level translators that con-vert CMOS-logic levels to 5.0V EIA/TIA-232 levels.The MAX3222/MAX3232/MAX3241 transmitters guaran-tee a 120kbps data rate with worst-case loads of 3k Ωin parallel with 1000pF, providing compatibility with PC-to-PC communication software (such as LapLink™).Typically, these three devices can operate at data rates of 235kbps. Transmitters can be paralleled to drive multi-ple receivers or mice.The MAX3222/MAX3237/MAX3241’s output stage is turned off (high impedance) when the device is in shut-down mode. When the power is off, the MAX3222/MAX3232/MAX3237/MAX3241 permit the outputs to be driven up to ±12V.The transmitter inputs do not have pullup resistors.Connect unused inputs to GND or V CC .MAX3237 MegaBaud OperationIn normal operating mode (MBAUD = GND ), the MAX3237 transmitters guarantee a 250kbps data rate with worst-case loads of 3k Ωin parallel with 1000pF.This provides compatibility with PC-to-PC communica-tion software, such as Laplink.For higher speed serial communications, the MAX3237features MegaBaud operation. In MegaBaud operating mode (MBAUD = V CC ), the MAX3237 transmitters guar-antee a 1Mbps data rate with worst-case loads of 3k Ωin parallel with 250pF for 3.0V < V CC < 4.5V. For 5V ±10%operation, the MAX3237 transmitters guarantee a 1Mbps data rate into worst-case loads of 3k Ωin parallel with 1000pF.Figure 1. Slew-Rate Test CircuitsLapLink is a trademark of Traveling Software, Inc.MAX3222/MAX3232/MAX3237/MAX32413.0V to 5.5V , Low-Power , up to 1Mbps, T rue RS-232Transceivers Using Four 0.1µF External CapacitorsRS-232 ReceiversThe receivers convert RS-232 signals to CMOS-logic out-put levels. The MAX3222/MAX3237/MAX3241 receivers have inverting three-state outputs. In shutdown, the receivers can be active or inactive (Table 1).The complementary outputs on the MAX3237 (R1OUTB)and the MAX3241 (R1OUTB, R2OUTB) are always active,regardless of the state of EN or SHDN . This allows for Ring Indicator applications without forward biasing other devices connected to the receiver outputs. This is ideal for systems where V CC is set to 0V in shutdown to accommodate peripherals, such as UARTs (Figure 2).MAX3222/MAX3237/MAX3241Shutdown ModeSupply current falls to less than 1µA in shutdown mode (SHDN = low). When shut down, the device’s charge pumps are turned off, V+ is pulled down to V CC , V- is pulled to ground, and the transmitter outputs are dis-abled (high impedance). The time required to exit shut-down is typically 100µs, as shown in Figure 3. Connect SHDN to V CC if the shutdown mode is not used. SHDN has no effect on R_OUT or R_OUTB.MAX3222/MAX3237/MAX3241Enable ControlThe inverting receiver outputs (R_OUT) are put into a high-impedance state when EN is high. The complemen-tary outputs R1OUTB and R2OUTB are always active,regardless of the state of EN and SHDN (Table 1). EN has no effect on T_OUT.__________Applications InformationCapacitor SelectionThe capacitor type used for C1–C4 is not critical for proper operation; polarized or nonpolarized capacitors can be used. The charge pump requires 0.1µF capaci-tors for 3.3V operation. For other supply voltages, refer to Table 2 for required capacitor values. Do not use values lower than those listed in Table 2. Increasing the capaci-tor values (e.g., by a factor of 2) reduces ripple on the transmitter outputs and slightly reduces power consump-tion. C2, C3, and C4 can be increased without changing C1’s value. However, do not increase C1 without also increasing the values of C2, C3, and C4, to maintain the proper ratios (C1 to the other capacitors).When using the minimum required capacitor values,make sure the capacitor value does not degrade exces-sively with temperature. If in doubt, use capacitors with a higher nominal value. The capacitor’s equivalent series resistance (ESR), which usually rises at low tempera-tures, influences the amount of ripple on V+ and V-.Figure 2. Detection of RS-232 Activity when the UART and Interface are Shut Down; Comparison of MAX3237/MAX3241(b) with Previous Transceivers (a).MAX3222/MAX3232/MAX3237/MAX32413.0V to 5.5V , Low-Power , up to 1Mbps, T rue RS-232Transceivers Using Four 0.1µF External CapacitorsPower-Supply DecouplingIn most circumstances, a 0.1µF bypass capacitor is adequate. In applications that are sensitive to power-supply noise, decouple V CC to ground with a capacitor of the same value as charge-pump capacitor C1. Connect bypass capacitors as close to the IC as possible.Operation Down to 2.7VTransmitter outputs will meet EIA/TIA-562 levels of ±3.7V with supply voltages as low as 2.7V.Transmitter Outputs whenExiting ShutdownFigure 3 shows two transmitter outputs when exiting shutdown mode. As they become active, the two trans-mitter outputs are shown going to opposite RS-232 lev-els (one transmitter input is high, the other is low).Each transmitter is loaded with 3k Ωin parallel with 2500pF. The transmitter outputs display no ringing or undesirable transients as they come out of shutdown.Note that the transmitters are enabled only when the magnitude of V- exceeds approximately 3V.Mouse DriveabilityThe MAX3241 has been specifically designed to power serial mice while operating from low-voltage power sup-plies. It has been tested with leading mouse brands from manufacturers such as Microsoft and Logitech. The MAX3241 successfully drove all serial mice tested and met their respective current and voltage requirements.Figure 4a shows the transmitter output voltages under increasing load current at 3.0V. Figure 4b shows a typical mouse connection using the MAX3241.CC = 3.3V C1–C4 = 0.1µF50µs/divFigure 3. Transmitter Outputs when Exiting Shutdown or Powering UpMAX3222/MAX3232/MAX3237/MAX32413.0V to 5.5V , Low-Power , up to 1Mbps, T rue RS-232Transceivers Using Four 0.1µF External CapacitorsFigure 4b. Mouse Driver Test CircuitFigure 4a. MAX3241 Transmitter Output Voltage vs. Load Current per TransmitterMAX3222/MAX3232/MAX3237/MAX32413.0V to 5.5V, Low-Power, up to 1Mbps, T rue RS-232Transceivers Using Four 0.1µF External CapacitorsHigh Data RatesThe MAX3222/MAX3232/MAX3241 maintain the RS-232±5.0V minimum transmitter output voltage even at highdata rates. Figure 5 shows a transmitter loopback testcircuit. Figure 6 shows a loopback test result at120kbps, and Figure 7 shows the same test at 235kbps.For Figure 6, all transmitters were driven simultaneouslyat 120kbps into RS-232 loads in parallel with 1000pF.For Figure 7, a single transmitter was driven at 235kbps,and all transmitters were loaded with an RS-232 receiverin parallel with 1000pF.The MAX3237 maintains the RS-232 ±5.0V minimumtransmitter output voltage at data rates up to 1Mbps.Figure 8 shows a loopback test result at 1Mbps withMBAUD = V CC. For Figure 8, all transmitters wereloaded with an RS-232 receiver in parallel with 250pF.CC = 3.3V5µs/divFigure 5. Loopback Test CircuitFigure 6. MAX3241 Loopback Test Result at 120kbpsCC = 3.3V2µs/divFigure 7. MAX3241 Loopback Test Result at 235kbps0V +5V 0V -5V +5V 0VT_INT_OUT = R_IN5kR_OUT150pF200ns/divCC = 3.3VFigure 8. MAX3237 Loopback Test Result at 1000kbps(MBAUD = V CC)MAX3222/MAX3232/MAX3237/MAX32413.0V to 5.5V , Low-Power , up to 1Mbps, T rue RS-232Transceivers Using Four 0.1µF External Capacitors__________________________________________________Typical Operating CircuitsInterconnection with 3V and 5V LogicThe MAX3222/MAX3232/MAX3237/MAX3241 can directly interface with various 5V logic families, includ-ing ACT and HCT CMOS. See Table 3 for more informa-tion on possible combinations of interconnections.Table 3. Logic-Family Compatibility with Various Supply VoltagesMAX3222/MAX3232/MAX3237/MAX3241MAX3222/MAX3232/MAX3237/MAX3241 3.0V to 5.5V, Low-Power, up to 1Mbps, T rue RS-232Transceivers Using Four 0.1µF External Capacitors_____________________________________Typical Operating Circuits (continued)MAX3222/MAX3232/MAX3237/MAX32413.0V to 5.5V, Low-Power, up to 1Mbps, T rue RS-232 Transceivers Using Four 0.1µF External Capacitors_____________________________________________Pin Configurations (continued)3.0V to 5.5V , Low-Power , up to 1Mbps, T rue RS-232Transceivers Using Four 0.1µF External Capacitors______3V-Powered EIA/TIA-232 and EIA/TIA-562 Transceivers from MaximOrdering Information (continued)*Dice are tested at T A = +25°C, DC parameters only.+Denotes lead-free package.MAX3222/MAX3232/MAX3237/MAX32413.0V to 5.5V , Low-Power , up to 1Mbps, T rue RS-232Transceivers Using Four 0.1µF External Capacitors___________________Chip Topography___________________Chip InformationT1INT2IN 0.127"(3.225mm)0.087"(2.209mm)R2OUTR2IN T2OUTV CCV+C1+SHDNENC1- C2+C2-V-MAX3222TRANSISTOR COUNT: 339SUBSTRATE CONNECTED TO GNDMAX3222/MAX3232/MAX3237/MAX32413.0V to 5.5V , Low-Power , up to 1Mbps, T rue RS-232Transceivers Using Four 0.1µF External CapacitorsPackage Information(The package drawing(s) in this data sheet may not reflect the most current specifications. For the latest package outline information,go to /packages .)Revision HistoryPages changed at Rev 7: 1, 15, 16, 17MAX3222/MAX3232/MAX3237/MAX3241Maxim Integrated 160 Rio Robles, San Jose, CA 95134 USA 1-408-601-1000Maxim cannot assume responsibility for use of any circuitry other than circuitry entirely embodied in a Maxim product. No circuit patent licenses are implied. Maxim reserves the right to change the circuitry and specifications without notice at any time. The parametric values (min and max limits) shown in the Electrical Characteristics table are guaranteed. Other parametric values quoted in this data sheet are provided for guidance.©2007 Maxim IntegratedThe Maxim logo and Maxim Integrated are trademarks of Maxim Integrated Products, Inc.。
General DescriptionThe MAX6323/MAX6324 microprocessor (µP) supervi-sory circuits monitor power supplies and µP activity in digital systems. A watchdog timer looks for activity out-side an expected window of operation. Six laser-trimmed reset thresholds are available with ±2.5%accuracy from +2.32V to +4.63V. Valid RESET output is guaranteed down to V CC = +1.2V.The RESET output is either push-pull (MAX6323) or open-drain (MAX6324). RESET is asserted low when V CC falls below the reset threshold, or when the manual reset input (MR ) is asserted low. RESET remains assert-ed for at least 100ms after V CC rises above the reset threshold and MR is deasserted.The watchdog pulse output (WDPO ) utilizes an open-drain configuration. It can be triggered either by a fast timeout fault (watchdog input pulses are too close to each other) or a slow timeout fault (no watchdog input pulse is observed within the timeout period). The watchdog timeout is measured from the last falling edge of watchdog input (WDI) with a minimum pulse width of 300ns. WDPO is asserted for 1ms when a fault is observed. Eight laser-trimmed timeout periods are available.The MAX6323/MAX6324 are offered in a 6-pin SOT23package and operate over the extended temperature range (-40°C to +125°C).ApplicationsAutomotive Industrial MedicalEmbedded Control SystemsFeatures♦Min/Max (Windowed) Watchdog, 8 Factory-Trimmed Timing Options♦Pulsed Open-Drain, Active-Low Watchdog Output ♦Power-On Reset♦Precision Monitoring of +2.5V, +3.0V, +3.3V,and +5.0V Power Supplies ♦Open-Drain or Push-Pull RESET Outputs ♦Low-Power Operation (23µA typ)♦Debounced Manual Reset Input ♦Guaranteed Reset Valid to V CC = +1.2VMAX6323/MAX6324µP Supervisory Circuits with Windowed (Min/Max) Watchdog and Manual Reset________________________________________________________________Maxim Integrated Products119-1838; Rev 4; 12/05Pin ConfigurationOrdering InformationTypical Operating Circuit appears at end of data sheet.*See Figure 1 for operation.For pricing, delivery, and ordering information,please contact Maxim/Dallas Direct!at 1-888-629-4642, or visit Maxim’s website at .Watchdog TimeoutM A X 6323/M A X 6324µP Supervisory Circuits with Windowed (Min/Max) Watchdog and Manual Reset 2_______________________________________________________________________________________ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGSELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS(V CC = full range, T A = -40°C to +125°C, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at V CC = 3V, T A = +25°C.) (Note 1)Stresses beyond those listed under “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the operational sections of the specifications is not implied. Exposure to absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability.Terminal Voltage (with respect to GND)V CC ..................................................................-0.3V to +6.0V MR , RESET (MAX6323), WDI.............-0.3V to (V CC + +0.3V)WDPO , RESET (MAX6324)..............................-0.3V to +6.0V Input Current, V CC , WDI, MR ..............................................20mA Output Current, RESET , WDPO ..........................................20mA Rate of Rise, V CC ............................................................100V/µsContinuous Power Dissipation (T A = +70°C)6-Pin SOT23 (derate 8.7mW/°C above +70°C)..........696mW Operating Temperature Range .........................-40°C to +125°C Junction Temperature......................................................+150°C Storage Temperature Range.............................-65°C to +150°C Lead Temperature (soldering, 10s).................................+300°CMAX6323/MAX6324µP Supervisory Circuits with Windowed (Min/Max) Watchdog and Manual Reset_______________________________________________________________________________________3ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued)(V CC = full range, T A = -40°C to +125°C, unless otherwise noted. Typical values are at V CC = 3V, T A = +25°C.) (Note 1)Note 1:Devices are tested at T A = +25°C and guaranteed by design for T A = T MIN to T MAX , as specified.Note 2:WDPO will pulse low if a falling edge is detected on WDI before this timeout period expires.Note 3:To avoid a potential fake fault, the first WDI pulse after the rising edge of RESET or WDPO will not create a fast watchdogtimeout fault.Note 4:WDPO will pulse low if no falling edge is detected on WDI after this timeout period expires.M A X 6323/M A X 6324µP Supervisory Circuits with Windowed (Min/Max) Watchdog and Manual Reset 4_______________________________________________________________________________________0303540252015105-4020-20406080TEMPERATURE (°C)SUPPLY CURRENT vs. TEMPERATURES U P P L Y C U R R E N T (µA )030205-4020-20406080TEMPERATURE (°C)P O W E R -D O W N R E S E T D E L A Y (µs )POWER-DOWN RESET DELAYvs. TEMPERATURE2515100.99850.99900.99951.00001.0005-4020-20406080M A X 6323/24-04TEMPERATURE (°C)R E S E T T H R E S H O L DNORMALIZED RESET THRESHOLDvs. TEMPERATURE0.99800.9941.0041.0061.008-4020-20406080M A X 6323/24-05TEMPERATURE (°C)P O W E R -U P R E S E T T I M E O U TNORMALIZED POWER-UP RESET TIMEOUTvs. TEMPERATURE1.0021.0000.9980.9960.9921.0041.0021.0000.9981.0061.008-4020-20406080M A X 6323/24-06TEMPERATURE (°C)NORMALIZED WATCHDOG TIMEOUT PERIOD (FAST) vs. TEMPERATUREN O R M A L I Z E D W A T C H D O G T I M E O U T P E R I O D (F A S T ) 0.9960.9940.9951.0001.0010.9990.9970.9980.9961.0021.003-4020-20406080M A X 6323/24-07TEMPERATURE (°C)NORMALIZED WATCHDOG TIMEOUT PERIOD (SLOW) vs. TEMPERATUREN O R M A L I Z E D W A T C H D O G T I M E O U T P E R I O D (S L O W )0.9921.0041.0021.0001.0061.008-4020-20406080M A X 6323/24-08TEMPERATURE (°C)N O R M A L I Z E D W A T C H D O G O U T P U T P U L S E W I D T H (µs )NORMALIZED WATCHDOG OUTPUT PULSE WIDTH vs. TEMPERATURE0.9980.9960.994400011001000MAXIMUM TRANSIENT DURATION vs. RESET THRESHOLD OVERDRIVE10050150200250300350RESET COMPARATOR OVERDRIVE (mV)M A X I M U M T R A N S I E N T D U R A T I O N (µs )10Typical Operating Characteristics(V CC = full range, T A = +25°C, unless otherwise noted.)401201008060140160-40200-20406080M A X 6323/24-03TEMPERATURE (°C)M R T O R E S E T D E L A Y (n s ) MR TO RESET DELAY vs. TEMPERATURE200MAX6323/MAX6324µP Supervisory Circuits with Windowed (Min/Max) Watchdog and Manual Reset_______________________________________________________________________________________5500µs/divMAX6323/24-10WDI 2V/div 2V/divWDPO FAST WATCHDOG TIMEOUT PERIODMAX6323AUT235ms/divWDI 2V/div2V/divWDPO SLOW WATCHDOG TIMEOUT PERIODMAX6323AUT23Typical Operating Characteristics (continued)(V CC = full range, T A = +25°C, unless otherwise noted.)Pin DescriptionM A X 6323/M A X 6324µP Supervisory Circuits with Windowed (Min/Max) Watchdog and Manual Reset 6_______________________________________________________________________________________Detailed DescriptionThe MAX6323/MAX6324 µP supervisory circuits main-tain system integrity by alerting the µP to fault condi-tions. In addition to a standard V CC monitor (for power-on reset, brownout detect, and power-down reset), the devices include a sophisticated watchdog timer that detects when the processor is running out-side an expected window of operation for a specific application. The watchdog signals a fault when the input pulses arrive too early (faster than the selected t WD1timeout period) or too late (slower than the select-ed t WD2timeout period) (Figure 1). Incorrect timing can lead to poor or dangerous system performance in tight-ly controlled operating environments. Incorrect timing could be the result of improper µP clocking or code execution errors. If a timing error occurs, the MAX6323/MAX6324 issue a watchdog pulse output,independent from the reset output, indicating that sys-tem maintenance may be required.Watchdog FunctionA pulse on the watchdog output WDPO can be trig-gered by a fast fault or a slow fault. If the watchdog input (WDI) has two falling edges too close to eachother (faster than t WD1) (Figure 2) or falling edges that are too far apart (slower than t WD2) (Figure 3), WDPO is pulsed low. Normal watchdog operation is displayed in Figure 4 (WDPO is not asserted). The internal watch-dog timer is cleared when a WDI falling edge is detect-ed within the valid watchdog window or when the device’s RESET or WDPO outputs are deasserted. All WDI input pulses are ignored while either RESET or WDPO is asserted. Figure 1 identifies the input timing regions where WDPO fault outputs will be observed with respect to t WD1and t WD2. After RESET or WDPO deasserts, the first WDI falling edge is ignored for the fast fault condition (Figure 2).Upon detecting a watchdog fault, the WDPO output will pulse low for 1ms. WDPO is an open-drain output.Connect a pullup resistor on WDPO to any supply up to +6V.V CC ResetThe MAX6323/MAX6324 also include a standard V CC reset monitor to ensure that the µP is started in a known state and to prevent code execution errors during power-up, power-down, or brownout conditions.RESET is asserted whenever the V CC supply voltageFigure 1. Detailed Watchdog Input Timing RelationshipMAX6323/MAX6324µP Supervisory Circuits with Windowed (Min/Max) Watchdog and Manual ResetFigure 3. Slow Fault TimingM A X 6323/M A X 6324falls below the preset threshold or when the manual reset input (MR)is asserted. The RESET output remains asserted for at least 100ms after V CC has risen above the reset threshold and MR is deasserted (Figure 5).For noisy environments, bybass V CC with a 500pF (min)capacitor to ensure correct operation.The MAX6323 has a push-pull output stage, and the MAX6324 utilizes an open-drain output. Connect a pull-up resistor on the RESET output of the MAX6324 to any supply up to +6V. Select a resistor value large enough to register a logic low (see Electrical Characteristics )and small enough to register a logic high while supply-ing all input leakage currents and leakage paths con-nected to the RESET line. A 10k Ωpullup is sufficient in most applications.Manual Reset InputMany µP-based products require manual reset capabil-ity to allow an operator or external logic circuitry to initi-ate a reset. The manual reset input (MR ) can connect directly to a switch without an external pullup resistor or debouncing network. MR is internally pulled up to V CC and, therefore, can be left unconnected if unused. MR is designed to reject fast, negative-going transients (typically 100ns pulses), and it must be held low for a minimum of 1µs to assert the reset output (Figure 5). A 0.1µF capacitor from MR to ground provides additional noise immunity. After MR transitions from low to high,reset will remain asserted for the duration of the reset timeout period, at least 100ms.Applications InformationNegative-Going V CC TransientsThe MAX6323/MAX6324 are relatively immune to short-duration negative-going V CC transients (glitches),which usually do not require the entire system to shut down. Typically, 200ns large-amplitude pulses (from ground to V CC ) on the supply will not cause a reset.Lower amplitude pulses result in greater immunity.Typically, a V CC transient that falls 100mV below the reset threshold and lasts less than 20µs will not trigger a reset (see Typical Operating Characteristics ). An optional 0.1µF bypass capacitor mounted close to V CC provides additional transient immunity.Ensuring a Valid Reset OutputDown to V CC = 0When V CC falls below +1.2V, the MAX6323 RESET out-put no longer sinks current; it becomes an open circuit.Therefore, high-impedance CMOS logic inputs con-nected to RESET can drift to undetermined voltages.This does not present a problem in most applications,since most µPs and other circuitry are inoperative with V CC below +1.2V. However, in applications where RESET must be valid down to 0, adding a pulldown resistor to RESET causes any stray leakage currents to flow to ground, holding RESET low (Figure 6). R1’s value is not critical; 100k Ωis large enough not to load RESET and small enough to pull RESET to ground. This scheme does not work with the open-drain output of the MAX6324.µP Supervisory Circuits with Windowed (Min/Max) Watchdog and Manual Reset 8_______________________________________________________________________________________Interfacing to µPs with Bidirectional Reset PinsSince the RESET output on the MAX6324 is open-drain,this device easily interfaces with µPs that have bidirec-tional reset pins, such as the Motorola 68HC11.Connecting the µP supervisor’s RESET output directly to the microcontroller’s (µC’s) RESET pin with a single pullup resistor allows either device to assert reset (Figure 7).MAX6324 Open-Drain RESET Output Allows Use with Multiple SuppliesG enerally, the pullup resistor connected to the MAX6324 will connect to the supply voltage that is being monitored at the IC’s V CC pin. However, some systems may use the open-drain output to level-shift from the monitored supply to reset circuitry powered by some other supply (Figure 8). Keep in mind that as the MAX6324’s V CC decreases below +1.2V, so does the IC’s ability to sink current at RESET.Also, with any pull-up resistor, RESET will be pulled high as V CC decays toward 0. The voltage where this occurs depends on the pullup resistor value and the voltage to which it is connected.Watchdog Software ConsiderationsTo help the watchdog timer monitor software execution more closely, set and reset the watchdog input at dif-ferent points in the program, rather than “pulsing” the watchdog input high-low-high or low-high-low. Thistechnique avoids a “stuck” loop in which the watchdog time would continue to be reset within the loop, keeping the watchdog from timing out.Figure 9 shows an example of a flow diagram where the I/O driving the watchdog input is set high at the beginning of the program, set low at the beginning of every subroutine or loop, then set high again when the program returns to the beginning. If the program should “hang” in any subroutine, the problem would be quickly corrected, since the I/O is continually set low and the watchdog time is allowed to time out, causing a reset or interrupt to be issued.WDPO to MR LoopbackAn error detected by the watchdog often indicates that a problem has occurred in the µP code execution. This could be a stalled instruction or a loop from which the processor cannot free itself. If the µP will still respond to a nonmaskable input (NMI), the processor can be redi-rected to the proper code sequence by connecting the WDPO output to an NMI input. Internal RAM data should not be lost, but it may have been contaminated by the same error that caused the watchdog to time out.If the processor will not recognize NMI inputs, or if the internal data is considered potentially corrupted when a watchdog error occurs, the processor should be restarted with a reset function. To obtain proper reset timing characteristics, the WDPO output should be con-nected to the MR input, and the RESET output shouldMAX6323/MAX6324µP Supervisory Circuits with Windowed (Min/Max) Watchdog and Manual Reset_______________________________________________________________________________________9Figure 6. RESET Valid to V CC = Ground CircuitFigure 7. Interfacing to µPs with Bidirectional Reset PinsM A X 6323/M A X 6324drive the µP RESET input (Figure 10). The short 1ms WDPO pulse output will assert the manual reset input and force the RESET output to assert for the full reset timeout period (100ms min). All internal RAM data is lost during the reset period, but the processor is guar-anteed to begin in the proper operating state.µP Supervisory Circuits with Windowed (Min/Max) Watchdog and Manual Reset 10______________________________________________________________________________________Figure 9. Watchdog Flow DiagramFigure 8. MAX6324 Open-Drain RESET Output Allows Use with Multiple SuppliesReset Threshold Range(-40°C to +125°C)Standard VersionsMAX6323/MAX6324µP Supervisory Circuits with Windowed (Min/Max) Watchdog and Manual Reset______________________________________________________________________________________11Figure 10. WDPO to MR Loopback CircuitTypical Operating CircuitM A X 6323/M A X 6324µP Supervisory Circuits with Windowed (Min/Max) Watchdog and Manual Reset M axim cannot assume responsibility for use of any circuitry other than circuitry entirely embodied in a M axim product. No circuit patent licenses are implied. Maxim reserves the right to change the circuitry and specifications without notice at any time.12____________________Maxim Integrated Products, 120 San Gabriel Drive, Sunnyvale, CA 94086 408-737-7600©2005 Maxim Integrated ProductsPrinted USAis a registered trademark of Maxim Integrated Products, Inc.Package Information(The package drawing(s) in this data sheet may not reflect the most current specifications. For the latest package outline information,go to /packages .)。