四六级、雅思英语写作替换高级词汇汇总

★形容词：1. 贫穷的：poor = needy = impoverished = poverty-stricken2. 富裕的：rich = wealthy = affluent = well-to-do = well-off3. 优秀的：excellent = eminent = top = outstanding4. 积极的，好的：good = conducive = beneficial=advantageous5. 消极的，不良的：bad = detrimental= baneful =undesirable6. 明显的：obvious = apparent = evident =manifest7. 健康的: healthy = robust = sound = wholesome8. 惊人的：surprising = amazing = extraordinary = miraculous9. 美丽的：beautiful = attractive = gorgeous = eye-catching10. 有活力的：energetic = dynamic = vigorous =animated11. 流行的：popular = prevailing = prevalent= pervasive1.Everywhere 普遍的Widespread、Prevalent、Overflow、Rampant2.Good 好的Beneficial、Advantageous3.Harmful 有害的Inhumane、Detrimental、Baneful4.Rich 富有的Wealthy、Affluent5.Poor 贫穷的Impoverished7.Serious 严重的Severe8.Obvious 明显的Manifest、Apparent、Evident 9.cheap 便宜的Economical、Inexpensive★动词：1. 提高，加强：improve = enhance= promote = strengthen = optimize2. 引起：cause = trigger = endanger3. 解决：solve =resolve =address = tackle =cope with = deal with4. 拆除：destroy = tear down = knock down = eradicate5. 培养: develop = cultivate = foster = nurture6. 激发，鼓励：encourage = motivate = stimulate = spur7. 认为：think = assert= hold = claim = argue8. 完成：complete = fulfill = accomplish= achieve9. 保留：keep = preserve = retain = hold10. 有害于：destroy = impair = undermine = jeopardize11. 减轻: ease = alleviate = relieve = lighten1.Improve 提高：Promote、Advance、Enhance2.change 改变：Transform3.Emphasize 强调：Highlight、Stress、Address(这是个9星级用法)4.Develop培养：Agriculture、Cultivate、Nurture5.Break 破坏：Impair、Undermine这两个词指的是抽象意义上的破坏Jeopardize、Devastate6.Keep 保存Preserve、Conserve 保护资源7.deal With解决Tackle、Address（这也是高难度用法，很牛）、Resolve 8.need 需要Require、necessitate、call for★名词：1. 影响：influence= impact2. 危险：danger = perils =hazard3. 污染：pollution = contamination4. 人类：human beings= mankind = human race5. 老人：old people= the old = the elderly = the aged = senior citizens6. 幸福：happiness = cheerfulness = well-being7. 老师：teachers = instructors = educators = lecturers8. 教育：education = schooling = family parenting = upbringing9. 青少年：young people = youngsters = youths = adolescents10. 优点：advantage = merits = superiority = virtue11. 责任：responsibility = obligation = duty = liability12. 能力：ability = capacity = power = skill13. 职业：job = career = employment = profession14. 娱乐：enjoyment = pastimes = recreation= entertainment15. 孩子：children = offspring = descendant= kid1.Forefather 祖先Ancestor、Predecessor2.Difference不同Gap（简单但是牛）、Distinction3.Crime 犯罪Delinquency、Criminal Act4.Environment 环境Circumstance、Atmosphere、Surrounding、Ambience5.Pollution 污染Contamination6.Human 人类The human race Humanity Humankind7.Danger 危险Peril、Hazard8.In modern society 在当今社会In contemporary society In present-day society In this day and age★短语：1. 充满了：be filled with = be awash with = be inundate with = be saturated with2. 努力：struggle for = aspire after = strive for = spare no efforts for3. 从事：embark on = take up = set about = go in for4. 在当代: in contemporarysociety = in present-day society= in this day and age5. 大量的: a host of = a multitude of = a vast number of = a vast amount of★插入语1.indeed的确，2.surely无疑，3.however然而，4.obviously显然，5.frankly 坦率地说，6.naturally自然，7.luckily (或happily)for sb.算某人幸运，8.fortunately/luckily幸好，9.honestly真的， 10.briefly简单地说, 11.strange to say说也奇怪， 12.needless to say不用说，13.most impor tant of all最为重要是， 13.worse still更糟糕的是， 14.in a few words(或in sum，in short)简而言之， 15.in other words换句话说，16.in a sense在某种意义上， 17.in general一般说来， 18.in my view在我看来， 19.in conclusion总之， 20.in summary概括地说， 21.in fact事实上， 22.in the first place首先，23.in addition此外，24.of course当然， 25.to my knowledge 据我所知， 26.for instance(或example)例如， 27.as a matter of fact事实上, 28.strictly speaking严格地说， 29.generally speaking一般地说，30.judging from…根据……判断31.to be sure无疑， 32.to sum up概括地说， 33.to tell the truth老实说, 34.I am sure我可以肯定地说，35.I believe我相信， 36.I wonder我不知道， 37.that is也就是说，38.it seems 看来是，39.as I see it照我看来， 40.what is important (serious)重要(严重)的是 1解决: Solve, deal with, cope with, handle, resolve, address, tackle2损害：Damage, hurt, injure, harm, impair, undermine, jeopardize3给与：Give, offer, render, impart, provide, supply, afford4培养：：Develop, cultivate, foster5优势：Advantage, merit, virtue, benefit, upside, strength6 缺陷：Disadvantage, demerit, drawback, downside, weakness7 使迷惑：Puzzle, bewilder, perplex, baffle8 重要的：Key, crucial, critical, important, significant, vital, substantial, indispensable, imperative9 认为：Think, believe, insist, maintain, assert, conclude, deem, hold, argue, be convinced, be firmly convinced, be fully convinced10 保护：Protect, conserve, preserve11确保：Assure, ensure, guarantee, pledge12 有害的：Bad, baneful evil, harmful, detrimental13 要求：Request, demand, needs, requisition14 消除：Eliminate, clear, remove, clear up, take away, smooth away15 导致：Lead to, bring about, result in, cause, spark off, conduce to, procure, induce, generate16 因此：So, therefore, thus, hence, consequently, as a consequence, accordingly, asa result, because of this, as a result of this17 增长至：Grow to，rise to，increase to，go up to，climb to，ascend to，jump to，shoot to18降低至：Dip to，fall to，decline to，decrease to，drop to，go down to，reduce to，slump to，descend to，sink to，slide to19保持稳定：Level out，do not change，remain stable，remain still，remain steady，be stable，maintain the same level，remain unchanged，be still，remain the same level，stay constant，keep at the same level，level off，stabilize，keep its stability，even out20 急剧地：Dramatically，drastically，sharply，hugely，enormously，steeply，substantially，considerably，significantly，markedly，surprisingly，strikingly，radically，remarkably，vastly，noticeably21平稳地：Steadily，smoothly，slightly，slowly，marginally，gradually，moderately，mildly22 宣称：Allege, assert, declare, claim23 发生：Happen, occur, take place24 原因：Reason, factor, cause25 发展：Development, advance, progress26 有益的：Useful, helpful, beneficial, profitable, rewarding，advantageous27 影响：Influence, impact, effect28明显的：Clear, obvious, evident, self-evident, manifest, apparent, crystal-clear 29占：Comprise, take up, account for, constitute, consist of, make up, occupy, hold, compose30与…相比：Compared with，compared to，in comparison with，in comparison to，by comparison with，by comparison to31对比而言：By contrast，in contrast，on the other hand，on the contrary=，conversely32展示：Show, reveal, illustrate, demonstrate, depict, present, represent, describe 33 大约：Approximately，almost，about，around，nearly，roughly34波动：Fluctuate，go ups and downs，display a fluctuation，demonstrate a fluctuation35事实上：Practically，in practice，essentially，in essence，in reality，in effect，in fact，as a matter of fact，it is a fact that36换言之：Namely，that is to say，in other words，to put it like this，to put it differently，to put it from another way，to put it from another angle.1.individuals,characters, folks替换people ,persons2: positive, favorable, rosy (美好的)，promising (有希望的)，perfect, pleasurable , excellent, outstanding, superior替换good3:dreadful, unfavorable, poor, adverse, ill (有害的)替换bad 如果bad做表语，可以有be less impressive替换Eg.An army of college students indulge themselves in playing games, enjoying romance with girls/boys or killing time passively in their dorms. When it approaches to graduation ,as a result, they find their academic records are less impressive.4.(an army of, an ocean of, a sea of, a multitude of ,a host of, many, if not most)替换many.注：用many, if not most 一定要小心，many后一定要有词。

80组雅思写作高级替换词汇一、表示原因1. a reason for + 名词/动名词 = the cause of + 名词/动名词2. because of = due to / owing to3. as a result = consequently / therefore / thus / hence4. owing to the fact that = because5. in view of = considering6. result in = lead to7. contributes to = give rise to8. bring about = generate二、表示好处1. lead to positive outcomes = have positive impacts / effects2. advantageous = beneficial / favorable3. enhance = improve / strengthen4. contribute to = be conducive to5. facilitate = make it easier6. promote = boost / advance7. play a crucial role = be of great significance / importance8. enable = allow / permit三、表示坏处1. drawbacks = disadvantages / downsides2. detrimental = harmful / destructive / adverse3. result in negative consequences = have negative impacts / effects4. bring about = generate / cause5. hinder = impede / obstruct6. pose a threat to = be a danger to7. undermine = weaken / erode8. give rise to = lead to / cause四、表示重要性1. of great significance = of paramount importance / crucial2. play a vital role = be essential / crucial3. be of prime importance = be of utmost importance4. be critical = be indispensable / vital5. be essential = be necessary6. have a profound impact on = greatly influence7. have far-reaching implications = have extensive effects / consequences8. be fundamental to = be crucial to五、表示变化1. undergo changes = experience alterations / modifications2. evolve = develop / progress3. transform = change / convert / shift4. shift = change / alter5. adapt to = adjust to / accommodate to6. fluctuate = vary / change7. grow = increase / expand8. decline = decrease / reduce六、表示观点1. argue that = claim / suggest / contend that2. maintain that = assert / affirm that3. advocate = support / promote / recommend4. emphasize = highlight / stress5. assert = affirm / insist6. posit that = propose / suggest7. put forward the viewpoint that = express the opinion that8. take the stance that = hold the position that七、表示重要性1. be vital = be crucial / essential2. be of paramount importance = be extremely significant / important3. be imperative = be necessary / essential4. be critical = be essential / vital5. be of great significance = be of great importance / significance6. be instrumental in = be crucial to / play a key role in7. play a pivotal role = be central / key / crucial8. be fundamental = be basic / essential八、表示结论1. in conclusion = in a nutshell / in summary / to sum up2. therefore = thus / hence / consequently3. as a result = consequently / accordingly4. ultimately = finally / in the end5. in light of this = considering this / based on this6. overall = all in all / on the whole7. in a word = in brief / in short8. to put it simply = in simple terms。

99个雅思写作高级替换词1.人们People n.Individuals = persons =the public= citizens= one= inhabitants2.认为Think v.Hold= maintain=believe= contend=deem= argue=3.社会Society n.The real world= the community= the public4.名人Famous person n.Celebrity= luminary= legendary figure5.著名的Famous adj.Noted= eminent= prominent= preeminent= distinguished=celebrated= acclaimed 6.专家Specialist n.Expert=master=virtuoso(专才vs.generalist 通才)7.领域Field n.Sphere=discipline(学科)=domain=province(范围)8.技能Skill n.Expertise(专业知识)=prowess(能力)9.品质、特性Quality n.Feature= trait= attribute= characteristic10.信任Have belief in v.Have faith/ trust in11.真实的Real adj.Actual= nonfictional= factual; tangible= concrete= palpable Broad-minded12.心胸宽阔的adj.Tolerant13.思想狭隘的Narrow-minded adj.Insular= conservative14.明智的Wise adj.Prudent= sensible= judicious15.有道理的Reasonable adj.Justified= warranted= legitimate16.没有道理的Unreasonable adj.Unjustified= unwarranted= groundless17.自信Self-confidence n.Morale18.熟悉...Be familiar with19.Beacquainted/conversant with20.竞争Competition n. Rivalry= contest21.合作Cooperate n.Collaborate= take concerted action相关的名词：cooperation=collaboration=combined effort= teamwork= partnership 22.责任Responsibility n. Obligation23.娱乐Relaxation n.Recreation= enjoyment= pleasure= leisure24.实现、完成Achieve v.Attain= accomplish=fulfill one's ambition/duties/criteria25.梦想成真One's dream comes true.Attains one's goal=finds one's niche in life26.失败Failuren.Frustration= setback=nonfulfillment27.成功Success n.Fulfillment= accomplishment=triumph= victory相关动词：succeed (in), fulfill,accomplish28.环境Environment n.Setting=milieu= background =Protect environment29.保护环境v.Be environmentally friendly= be co-friendly30.破坏生态平衡Break the ecological balance v.Disrupt/ upset the ecological balance31.Situation 情况n.Scenario= setting32.Phenomenon 现象n.Occurrence= event= happening= fact33.Factor因素n.Element= consideration= concern= situation34.Depend on 取决于v.Hinge on= ride= rely on= rest on35.Different 不同的adj.Various= opposing= diverse相关名词=difference= disparity= discrepancy= variation=variety= diversity=differentiation=36.Different kinds of 不同种类的adj.A variety of= a broad range of= a wide array of= a diversity of37.好处，优势AdvantageBenefit= boon= blessing= reward= upside= merit38.劣势Disadvantage n.Detriment= bane= curse=drawback= downside= demerit39.好的Good adj.Beneficial= advantageous= rewarding= helpful= useful40.坏的Bad adj.Detrimental= disadvantageous= baneful=harmful,negative41.苦难的Difficult adj.Challenging= daunting=formidable=forbidding42.困难Difficulty n.Hindrance= obstacle= barrier= stumbling block43......的缺乏Lack of n.Absence of = dearth of= deficiency in= shortage of= shortfall of= scarcity of ...44.许多的Many adj...可数名词复数...;A great number of= a host of= a multitude of= an abundance of= a wealth of= a myriad of…不可数名词...a great number of=a large amount of45.越来越More and moreincreasingly= growingly46.增多Growv.Mount= escalate= increase= be on the rise47.令人担忧的WorrisomeAlarming= daunting48.影响Influence n.Impact= sway49.造成不良结果Lead to bad results v.Be counterproductive= render a disservice (帮倒忙)50.危险Danger n.Hazard(危害)=jeopardy(危害)，threat相关形容词形式：dangerous=hazardous=perilous= threatening相关动词：endanger=imperil=threaten=jeopardize51.到如此程度Reach such extent v.Reach such proportions52.非常Very adv.Immenselv= remarkablv= considerablv= dramaticallv= noticeably53.普遍的Common adj.Prevalent= popular=ubiquitous=universal54.重要的Important adj.Essential=crucial= critical= significant= vital= indispensable55.明显的Obvious adj.Perceptible= discernible= appreciable=marked= pronounced= noticeable56.紧急的Urgent adj.Pressing57.理解Understanding n. Appreciation(理解)=awareness= insight (into)58.巨大的Big adj.Enormous=vast= immense= massive= colossal59.小的，轻微的Small adj.Minute(微小的)= slight=minor=trivial60.促进Contribute to v.Be instrumental in/ be conducive to =facilitate/ promote61.阻碍Hold back v.Hamper= impede= hinder62.高Improve v.Enhance= boost= promote= heighten63.破坏Destroy v.Undermine= damage64.必要条件Necessary condition n.Prerequisite(for)= precondition (of)65.困难费力的Effort-taking adj.Arduous= strenuous= laborious66.复杂的ComplicatedComplex= involved= intricate67.充满活力的EnergeticVigorous= dynamic=vibrant68.培养cultivate v.Nurture= develop= foster= hone69.强调Emphasize v.Accentuate= lay stress on= lay emphasis on70.重视Pay attention to71.努力做Try one's best to do v.Endeavor to do= strive to do=strive for sth=spare no effort to do 72.充满Be full of v.Be replete with= be inundated with= be saturated with73.免于Be free from v.Be exempt form=be immune from74.开拓视Expand one's horizon v.Enlarge one's vision = Expand one's outlook75.处理Deal with v.Tackle= address= cope with76.某事必做Sth.must be done.Sth is obligatory/ mandatory/ compulsory/ imperative77.对...的解决方案Solution to ... Cure/ remedy/ therapy for ...78....的方式Way of ...n.Approach to ...= strategy for... avenue of...79.常见做法Usual way n. Common practice80.选择Choice n.Option= alternative81.严格的StrictStringent= rigorous= severe82.控制Control v.Check= curb83.有效地Effective adj.Efficacious= potent相关名词effectiveness=efficacy= potency84.使用Use v.Utilize= make use of= employ= put into service85.有用的Useful adj.Productive= constructive86.可获得的，可得到的Obtainable adj.Available87.目前的Present adj.Current=existing= topical88.有趣的InterestingIntriguing=stimulating= appealing89.质量差的Low-quality90.最佳的Best adj.Optimum91.错误的Wrong adj.Inaccurate= erroneous=fallaciou92.加强Strengthen v.Fortify=reinforce93.削弱Weaken v.Undermine= erode94.使恶化Worsen v.Exacerbate=aggravate95.恶化(环境、事物自己)Deteriorate v.96.传播Spread v.Publicize= disseminate= diffuse= propagate97.刚起步Begin v.Be in embryo= be in one's infancy98.迅速增长Grow rapidlyGrow exponentially= soar99.测量Measure v.Assess= gauge= determine。

四、六级写作高分同义替换词300组(一)1-100组：音标+详解success, is the heart of the created.成功，是内心的造就。

1.古代的：ancient - archaic - antique - immemorial - antediluvianancient [ˈeɪnʃənt] adj.古代的;古老的;很老的archaic [ɑːˈkeɪɪk] adj.古旧的;陈旧的;古代的;古体的;早已过时的;早期的 antique [ænˈtiːk] adj.古董的;古老的immemorial [ˌɪməˈmɔːriəl] adj.古老的;远古的;无法追忆的antediluvian [ˌæntidɪˈluːviən] adj.古老的;早已过时的;十分老式的2.怀疑的: doubtful - skeptical - suspicious - sceptical - distrustfuldoubtful [ˈdaʊtfl] adj.可疑的;怀疑;拿不定主意;不确定;未必;难说skeptical [ˈskeptɪkl] adj.持怀疑态度的;怀疑的;心存疑惑的;将信将疑的 suspicious [səˈspɪʃəs] adj.可疑的;怀疑的;不信任的;感觉可疑的sceptical [ˈskeptɪkl] adj.怀疑的distrustful [dɪsˈtrʌstfl] adj.不信任的;怀疑的3.沮丧的: sad - depressed - gloomy - frustrated - dejected - bluesad [sæd] adj.悲哀的,伤心的,难过的;可悲的,令人难过的;令人遗憾的depressed [dɪˈprest] depress的过去分词和过去式adj.抑郁的;沮丧的;意志消沉的;患抑郁症的;萧条的 gloomy [ˈɡluːmi] adj.黑暗的;阴暗的;忧郁的;沮丧的;无望的;悲观的frustrated [frʌˈstreɪtɪd] frustrate的过去分词和过去式adj.沮丧的;沮丧;失意的;懊丧;懊恼;无效的dejected [dɪˈdʒektɪd] adj.沮丧的;情绪低落的;垂头丧气的blue [bluː] adj.蓝色的;天蓝色的;发青的;忧郁的;悲伤的4.无聊的: boring - dull - tiresome - tedious - humdrum - stuffyboring [ˈbɔːrɪŋ] bore的现在分词adj.没趣的;令人厌倦(或厌烦)的dull [dʌl] adj.迟钝的;无聊的;枯燥无味的;不鲜明的;不清晰的;隐约的tiresome [ˈtaɪəsəm] adj.讨厌的;烦人的;令人厌烦的tedious [ˈtiːdiəs] adj.乏味的;冗长的;啰唆的;令人厌烦的humdrum [ˈhʌmdrʌm] adj.单调的;乏味的stuffy [ˈstʌfi] adj.闷热的;通风不畅的;一本正经的;古板的;无聊的5.困难的: difficult - demanding - laborious - stiff - painfuldifficult [ˈdɪfɪkəlt] adj.困难的;费力的;难做的;难解的;问题很多的demanding [dɪˈmɑːndɪŋ] demand的现在分词adj.要求高的;苛求的;费力的;要求极严的;难满足的 laborious [ləˈbɔːriəs] adj.费力的;辛苦的stiff [stɪf] adj.不易弯曲(或活动)的;硬的;挺的;僵硬的;一动就疼的;稠 难搅动的;困难的;不友好的;高昂的;烈性的painful [ˈpeɪnfl] adj.痛苦的;令人疼痛的;不愉快的;困难的;艰难的6.不好的: bad - undesirable - negative - adverse - wrong - seriousbad [bæd] adj.令人不快的;问题成堆的;坏的;质量差的;不合格的;有病的 undesirable [ˌʌndɪˈzaɪərəbl] adj.不受欢迎的;不想要的;不得人心的negative [ˈneɡətɪv] adj.消极的;负面的;否定的;坏的;有害的;缺乏热情的 adverse [ˈædvɜːs] adj.不利的;有害的;反面的wrong [rɒŋ] adj.错误的;不对的;不正确的;不正常;不合适的;不道德serious [ˈsɪəriəs] adj.不好的;严重的;有危险的7.大的: big - vast - massive - enormous - heavy - macrobig [bɪɡ] adj.大的;巨大的;年龄较大的;严重的;庞大的;热衷于…vast [vɑːst] adj.巨大的;辽阔的;庞大的;大量的massive [ˈmæsɪv] adj.大量的,巨大的,大规模的;大而重的;宽广的enormous [ɪˈnɔːməs] adj.巨大的;庞大的;极大的heavy [ˈhevi] adj.重的;沉的;大而结实的;不精致的macro [ˈmækrəʊ] adj.巨大的；极厚的；特别突出的；大量使用的8.唯一: only - solely - unique - merely - solitary - soleonly [ˈəʊnli] adv.只有;只;仅;只不过;仅…而已;仅此而已;愈加;不料adj.唯一的;仅有的;最好的;最适当的solely [ˈsəʊlli] adv.唯一地;仅;只;唯;单独地unique [juˈniːk] adj.唯一的;独一无二的;独特的;罕见的;独具的,特有的 merely [ˈmɪəli] adv.仅仅;只不过solitary [ˈsɒlətri] adj.孤独的;孤单的;独自的;单个的;唯一的solely [ˈsəʊlli] adv.唯一地;仅;只;唯;单独地9.普遍的: common - commonplace - universal - general - rife - globalcommon [ˈkɒmən] adj.常见的;通常的;普遍的;共有的;共享的;共同的;普通 commonplace [ˈkɒmənpleɪs] adj.平凡的;普通的;普遍的universal [ˌjuːnɪˈvɜːsl] adj.普遍的;全体的;全世界的;共同的;广泛适用 general [ˈdʒenrəl] adj.全体的;普遍的;总的;正常的;一般的;常规的rife [raɪf] adj.流行的，盛行的;普遍的，常见的;充满的，充斥的global [ˈɡləʊbl] adj.全球的;全世界的;整体的;全面的;总括的10.不同的: different - various - unlike - unequal - diverse - apartdifferent [ˈdɪfrənt] adj.不同的;有区别的;分别的;各别的;各种的;别致 various [ˈveəriəs] adj.各种各样的,不同的;许多的;各个的,各别的unlike [ˌʌnˈlaɪk] adj.不同的,相异的;不等同的;不是……特有的unequal [ʌnˈiːkwəl] adj.不平等的;不公平的;不相等的,不同的;不胜任的 diverse [daɪˈvɜːs] adj.多种多样的;不同的;相异的;形形色色的apart [əˈpɑːt] adj.(与众)不同的11.许多的: many - numerous - a host of - much - full - fiftymany [ˈmeni] adj.许多的,大量的numerous [ˈnjuːmərəs] adj.很多的;众多的;许多的a host of [ə həʊst ɒv] 许多;很多much [mʌtʃ] adj.许多的;大量的;很大程度的full [fʊl] adj.满的;充满的;大量的;(有)许多的;丰富的fifty [ˈfɪfti] adj.许多的12.有益的: helpful - favorable - beneficial - profitable - usefulhelpful [ˈhelpfl] adj.有用的;有益的;有帮助的;愿意帮忙的favorable [ˈfeɪvərəbl] adj.有利的;赞许的;顺利的;令人愉快的;讨人喜欢 beneficial [ˌbenɪˈfɪʃl] adj.有益的;有利的;有裨益的;有用的profitable [ˈprɒfɪtəbl] adj.有利可图的;赢利的;有益的;有好处的useful [ˈjuːsfl] adj.有用的;有益的;实用的;有帮助的;好的;合格的13.著名的: famous - famed - notable - eminent - renowned- illustriousfamous [ˈfeɪməs] adj.著名的;出名的famed [feɪmd] adj.著名的notable [ˈnəʊtəbl] adj.值得注意的;显著的;重要的eminent [ˈemɪnənt] adj.(尤指在某专业中)卓越的,著名的;非凡的;杰出的 renowned [rɪˈnaʊnd] adj.著名的;闻名的;有名的;受尊敬的illustrious [ɪˈlʌstriəs] adj.显赫的;杰出的;著名的;卓越的14.合理的: reasonable - sound - rational - sensible - moderatereasonable [ˈriːznəbl] adj.公平的;合理的;有理由的;明智的;可以接受的 sound [saʊnd] adj.明智的,合理的;正确的;可靠的;透彻的;完备的,全面的 rational [ˈræʃnəl] adj.合理的;理性的;明智的;理智的;清醒的sensible [ˈsensəbl] adj.明智的,理智的;合理的;知道的,意识到的moderate [ˈmɒdərət] adj.适度的;温和的;不偏激的;适中的;合理的15.勇敢的: brave - courageous - bold - fearless - valiant - intrepidbrave [breɪv] adj.勇敢的;无畏的;需要勇气的;表现勇敢的;新颖的;崭新的 courageous [kəˈreɪdʒəs] adj.勇敢的;无畏的bold [bəʊld] adj.大胆的;大胆自信的;敢于冒险的;明显的;粗体的;黑体的 fearless [ˈfɪələs] adj.不怕的;无畏的;大胆的valiant [ˈvæliənt] adj.勇敢的;英勇的;果敢的;坚定的intrepid [ɪnˈtrepɪd] adj.勇敢的;无畏的16.贷款：loans - mortgage - credit - lend - borrowingloans [ləʊnz] loan的第三人称单数和复数n.贷款;借款;借出;贷给;被借出mortgage [ˈmɔːɡɪdʒ] n.抵押贷款;按揭贷款;按揭credit [ˈkredɪt] n.信用;学分;贷款;赊购;赊欠借款;信誉;结余;存款金lend [lend] n.(短期)贷款borrowing [ˈbɒrəʊɪŋ] borrow的现在分词n.借款;贷款;借贷;借用的言语(或思想等)17.反馈: feedback - opinion - couple back - respondfeedback [ˈfiːdbæk] n.反馈;反馈的意见(或信息)opinion [əˈpɪnjən] n.意见;想法;看法;观点,信仰couple back 电容反馈respond [rɪˈspɒnd] v.回应;响应;作出反应;作出正确反应;有改进18.选举: referendum - election - voting - elect - returnreferendum [ˌrefəˈrendəm] n.公民投票;全民公决;全民投票election [ɪˈlekʃn] n.选举;当选;推选(尤指从政)voting [ˈvəʊtɪŋ] vote的现在分词n.投票;选举;表决elect [elect] v.选举;推选;选择,决定(做某事)return [rɪˈtɜːn] v.回,返回;重起;复归;(选民)选出(或重新选出)…为议员19.麻烦: nuisance - headache - trouble - palaver - hasslenuisance [ˈnjuːsns] n.讨厌的人(或东西);麻烦事;妨害行为headache [ˈhedeɪk] n.头痛;令人头痛的人(或事物);麻烦trouble [ˈtrʌbl] n.麻烦;困难;问题;忧虑;苦恼;疾病palaver [pəˈlɑːvə] n.麻烦;琐事;忙乱;空话;废话hassle [ˈhæsl] n.困难;麻烦;分歧;争论;烦恼20.收入: revenue - income - salary - receipts - earning - proceedrevenue [ˈrevənjuː] n.收入;收益;财政收入;税收收入income [ˈɪnkʌm] n.收入;收益;所得salary [ˈsæləri] n.薪水;薪金(尤指按月发放的)receipts [rɪˈsiːts] receipt的复数n.收据;收条;接收;收到;收到的款项,收入earning [ˈɜːnɪŋ] earn的现在分词n.收入;所赚的钱proceed [prəˈsiːd] n.(从事某种活动等的)收入;卖得金额;收益21.关闭: shut - close - paralyse - seal - shut down - shut offshut [ʃʌt] v.关闭;关上;合上;(使)停止营业,关门close [kləʊz ] v.关;关闭;合上;(使)关门,关闭paralyse [ˈpærəlaɪz] vt.使瘫痪;使麻痹;使不能正常工作seal [siːl] vt.密封(容器);封上(信封);封盖…的表面;确定;关闭shut down （使)(工厂、公司等)关闭,歇业,停业shut off 关闭;关上;使停止运转;（通常因沮丧而）躲开他人，不见人22.想象: visualize - imagine - suppose - thinkvisualize [ˈvɪʒuəlaɪz] vt.可视化;想象;设想;使形象化;构思imagine [ɪˈmædʒɪn] v.想象;设想;误以为;胡乱猜想;猜测;料想suppose [səˈpəʊz] v.认为,推断,料想;假定;假设;设想think [θɪŋk] v.认为;以为;想;思考;思索;思想;琢磨;猜想;料想;只想;打23.会议: conference - meeting - convention - congress - assemblyconference [ˈkɒnfərəns] n.会议;研讨会;讨论会;商讨会;体育协会meeting [ˈmiːtɪŋ] meet的现在分词n.会议;集会;与会者;会面;集合;运动会convention [kənˈvenʃn] n.习俗;常规;惯例;大会,集会;公约,协定congress [ˈkɒŋɡres] n.国会;代表大会;议会;国民大会assembly [əˈsembli] n.装配;集会;议会;会议;(全校师生的)晨会,朝会24.引用: cite - excerpt - quote - citationcite [saɪt] v.提及;举出;列举;引用;引述;援引excerpt [ˈeksɜːpt] vt.摘录;摘要;引用;节要quote [kwəʊt] v.引用;报价;引述;举例说明;开价;出价citation [saɪˈteɪʃn] n.引语;引文;引述;表彰;表扬;(被)引用,引证25.限制: limit - restrict - constrict - confine - constraintlimit [ˈlɪmɪt] vt.限制;限定;限量;减量restrict [rɪˈstrɪkt] vt.限制;限定;束缚;妨碍;阻碍;约束constrict [kənˈstrɪkt] v.收缩;限制;约束;抑制;紧缩,缩窄;限定 confine [kənˈfaɪn] vt.限制;限定;监禁;禁闭;使离不开constraint [kənˈstreɪnt] n.限制;限定;约束;严管26.可用的: usable - available - applicable - workableusable [ˈjuːzəbl] adj.能用的;可用的;适用的available [əˈveɪləbl] adj.可获得的;可购得的;可找到的;有空的 applicable [əˈplɪkəbl] adj.可应用的;适用;合适workable [ˈwɜːkəbl] adj.可行的;行得通的;可开采的;可开发的27.毒品: drugs - narcotics - burning rope - hard drug - intoxicantdrugs [drʌɡz] drug的第三人称单数和复数n.毒品;药;药物narcotics [nɑːˈkɒtɪks] narcotic的复数n.致幻毒品;麻醉品;镇静剂;麻醉药burning rope [bɜːnɪŋ rəʊp] n.毒品hard drug n.硬性毒品(常用成瘾)intoxicant [ɪnˈtɒksɪkənt] n.麻醉剂;毒品;酒类饮料28.足够的: sufficient - adequate - ample - plentysufficient [səˈfɪʃnt] adj.足够的;充足的;充足的,充分的adequate [ˈædɪkwət] adj.充足的;足够的;合格的;合乎需要的ample [ˈæmpl] adj.充足的;足够的;丰裕的;硕大的plenty [ˈplenti] adj.足够的;很多的29.缺乏: deficient - lack - insufficiency - absence - scarcitydeficient [dɪˈfɪʃnt] n.有缺点(或缺陷)的人(或物)lack [læk] n.缺乏;匮乏;短缺insufficiency [ˌɪnsəˈfɪʃənsi] n.不足,不充分,缺乏absence [ˈæbsəns] n.缺席;不在;不存在;缺乏scarcity [ˈskeəsəti] n.稀缺;缺乏;不足;稀少30.缺点: drawback - weakness - shortcoming - defect - flaw - fault drawback [ˈdrɔːbæk] n.缺点;不利条件weakness [ˈwiːknəs] n.弱点;软弱;疲软;虚弱;衰弱;懦弱;缺点shortcoming [ˈʃɔːtkʌmɪŋ] n.缺点;短处defect [ˈdiːfekt ] n.缺点;缺陷;毛病flaw [flɔː] n.缺陷;瑕疵;缺点;错误;裂痕;裂隙;(性格上的)弱点 fault [fɔːlt] n.过错;故障;过失;责任;弱点;缺点;缺陷31.促进: stimulate - promote - boost - advance - encourage - assiststimulate [ˈstɪmjuleɪt] vt.促进;激发;激励;刺激;使兴奋promote [prəˈməʊt] vt.促进;推动;促销;推销;提升;晋升boost [buːst] vt.促进;使增长;使兴旺;偷窃advance [ədˈvɑːns] v.前进,行进;发展,进步;促进;推动;预付;提出encourage [ɪnˈkʌrɪdʒ] vt.支持;鼓励;激励;鼓动;劝告;怂恿;促进;助长;刺 assist [əˈsɪst] v.帮助;协助;援助;促进32.萧条的: depressed - desolate - slack - dull - sluggish - flatdepressed [dɪˈprest] depress的过去分词和过去式adj.抑郁的;沮丧的;意志消沉的;不景气的;萧条的desolate [ˈdesələt ] adj.无人居住的;荒凉的;不幸的slack [slæk] adj.不紧的;松弛的;萧条的;冷清的;清淡的;懈怠的dull [dʌl] adj.迟钝的;无聊的;阴沉的;隐隐约约的;萧条的sluggish [ˈslʌɡɪʃ] adj.行动迟缓的;不好动的，懒怠的;缓慢的,迟缓的flat [ flæt] adj.平的;水平的;枯燥的;平淡的;色彩单调的;不景气的33.非法的: illegal - unlawful - illicit - shady - illegal - improperillegal [ɪˈliːɡl] adj.不合法的;非法的;违法的unlawful [ʌnˈlɔːfl] adj.不合法的;非法的;违法的illicit [ɪˈlɪsɪt] adj.非法的;违法的;不正当的shady [ˈʃeɪdi] adj.背阴的;阴凉的;成荫的;可疑的;多阴的;鬼祟的;非法的 funny [ˈfʌni] adj.不合法的;非法的;违法的improper [ɪmˈprɒpə] adj.不诚实的;不正当的;不道德的;错误的;不正确的34.阻止: prevent - hinder - refrain - deter - arrest - impede - haltprevent [prɪˈvent] vt.防止;阻止;阻碍;阻挠hinder [ˈhɪndə] vt.阻碍;妨碍;阻挡refrain [rɪˈfreɪn] vt.抑制;避免;克制;节制deter [dɪˈtɜː] v.制止;阻止;威慑;使不敢arrest [əˈrest] v.逮捕;拘留;阻止;中止;吸引(注意);心跳停止impede [ɪmˈpiːd] vt.妨碍;阻碍;阻止halt [hɔːlt] v.停止行进,停止,终止;使停止前进,使停止,使终止;蹒跚35.忧虑: distress - anxiety - gloom - agitation - grief - disquietdistress [dɪˈstres] n.忧虑;悲伤;痛苦;贫困;窘迫;困苦anxiety [æŋˈzaɪəti] n.焦虑;忧虑;担心;害怕;渴望gloom [ɡluːm] n.忧郁;愁闷;无望;幽暗;黑暗;昏暗agitation [ˌædʒɪˈteɪʃn] n.煽动;鼓动;骚动;焦虑不安;忧虑;烦乱grief [ɡriːf] n.悲伤;悲痛;伤心;伤心事;担心;忧虑disquiet [dɪsˈkwaɪət] n.不安;忧虑;烦恼36.充足的: abundant - ample - plentiful - generous - plentiful - enoughabundant [əˈbʌndənt] adj.大量的;充裕的;丰盛的ample [ˈæmpl] adj.充足的;足够的;丰裕的;丰满的;硕大的plentiful [ˈplentɪfl] adj.大量的;众多的;充足的;丰富的generous [ˈdʒenərəs] adj.慷慨的;大方的;丰富的;充足的;仁慈的plentiful [ˈplentɪfl] adj.大量的;众多的;充足的;丰富的enough [ɪˈnʌf] adj.充足的37.有活力的: energetic - dynamic - animated - alive - springyenergetic [ˌenəˈdʒetɪk] adj.精力充沛的;充满活力的;需要能量的;积极的dynamic [daɪˈnæmɪk] adj.动态的;动力的;充满活力的;发展变化的;力的 animated [ˈænɪmeɪtɪd] animate的过去分词和过去式adj.有生气的;栩栩如生的;活跃的;兴致勃勃的alive [əˈlaɪv] adj.活着的;活着;在世;情绪饱满;有生气;有活力;充满springy [ˈsprɪŋi] adj.有弹性(或弹力)的;矫健的;有活力的38.优秀的: good - excellent - outstanding - extraordinary - remarkablegood [ɡʊd] adj.好的;优质的;符合标准的;可接受的;令人愉快的;令人满意 excellent [ˈeksələnt] adj.杰出的;极好的;非凡的;好极了,妙极了outstanding [aʊtˈstændɪŋ] outstand的现在分词adj.优秀的;杰出的;出色的;突出的;明显的 extraordinary [ɪkˈstrɔːdnri] adj.异乎寻常的;非凡的,卓越的;特别的remarkable [rɪˈmɑːkəbl] adj.非凡的;显著的;引人注目的;奇异的39.非常: very - exceedingly - extremely - considerably - greatlyvery [ˈveri] adv.非常;很;十分;极;十足;完全同样exceedingly [ɪkˈsiːdɪŋli] adv.非常;极其;特别extremely [ɪkˈstriːmli] adv.极其;极端;非常considerably [kənˈsɪdərəbli] adv.非常;很;相当多地greatly [ˈɡreɪtli] adj.非常;很;大大地40.广泛地: widely - generally - extensively - universally - roundlywidely [ˈwaɪdli] adv.普遍地;广泛地;范围广地;很大程度上;大大地generally [ˈdʒenrəli] adv.通常地;通常;普遍地;广泛地;概括地;大概extensively [ɪksˈtɛnsɪvli] adv.广大地;广泛地universally [ˌjuːnɪˈvɜːsəli] adv.全体地;一致地;共同地;到处;随时随地roundly [ˈraʊndli] adv.有力地;广泛地41.信心: faith - confidence - assertiveness - vocation - belieffaith [feɪθ] n.信仰;信心;信任;相信;宗教信仰confidence [ˈkɒnfɪdəns] n.信心;信任;信赖;自信心;把握;肯定assertiveness [əˈsɜːtɪvnəs] n.自信;魄力vocation [vəʊˈkeɪʃn] n.职业;工作;生活方式;信心;使命感;圣召;神召belief [bɪˈliːf] n.相信;信心;看法;信念;信仰;宗教信仰42.斥责: reprimand - rebuke - criticize - denounce - censure - revilereprimand [ˈreprɪmɑːnd] v.申斥;训斥;斥责rebuke [rɪˈbjuːk] vi.指责;批评criticize [ˈkrɪtɪsaɪz] v.批评;批判;挑剔;指责;评论;评价denounce [dɪˈnaʊns] vt.谴责;指责;斥责;告发censure [ˈsenʃə] vt.责难;(公开地)严厉斥责,谴责revile [rɪˈvaɪl] vt.辱骂;斥责43.病毒: virus - inframicrobevirus [ˈvaɪrəs] n.滤过性病毒;病毒性疾病;病毒inframicrobe [ˈɪnfrəmikrəʊb] n.病毒;滤过性病毒44.药方: prescript - prescription - recipeprescript [prɪˈskrɪpt] n.规定;处方prescription [prɪˈskrɪpʃn] n.规定;处方,药方;验光单;开处方recipe [ˈresəpi] n.配方;食谱;秘诀;方法;烹饪法;诀窍45.治疗: cure - treatment - remedy - therapy - healingcure [kjʊə] n.治疗;疗法;药;药物;疗程;措施;对策treatment [ˈtriːtmənt] n.治疗;疗法;诊治;对待;待遇;处理;讨论;论述 remedy [ˈremədi] n.救济;治疗;处理方法;补偿;疗法;药品therapy [ˈθerəpi] n.治疗;疗法healing [ˈhiːlɪŋ] heal的现在分词n.康复;治疗;(情感创伤的)愈合46.获得: gain - acquire - win - obtain - derive - attain - pollgain [ɡeɪn] v.获得;赢得;博得;取得;增加;增添acquire [əˈkwaɪə] vt.(通过努力、能力、行为表现)获得;购得;得到win [wɪn] v.赢;获胜;赢得,夺取,获得obtain [əbˈteɪn] v.获得;赢得;存在;流行;沿袭derive [dɪˈraɪv] v.得到;获得;取得;(使)起源;(使)产生attain [əˈteɪn] vt.得到;(通常经过努力)获得;达到poll [pəʊl] v.获得(票数);对…进行民意调查57.推荐: recommend - recommendation - suggest - nominate - sellrecommend [ˌrekəˈmend] v.推荐;举荐;介绍;劝告;建议recommendation [ˌrekəmenˈdeɪʃn] n.正式建议;提议;推荐;介绍;推荐信suggest [səˈdʒest] v.建议;提议;推荐;举荐;使想到;使认为;表明;暗示 nominate [ˈnɒmɪneɪt] v.提名;推荐;任命;指定,指派;挑选,;命名sell [sel] v.卖;出售;出让;转让;销售得…;售价是…;促销;推荐58.有趣的: intriguing - interesting - amusing - funny - divertingintriguing [ɪnˈtriːɡɪŋ] intrigue的现在分词adj.有趣的;引人入胜的;神秘的interesting [ˈɪntrəstɪŋ] interest的现在分词adj.有趣的;有吸引力的amusing [əˈmjuːzɪŋ] amuse的现在分词adj.有趣的;好笑的;逗人笑的;有乐趣的funny [ˈfʌni] adj.有趣的,滑稽的,好笑的;奇怪的,奇特的,不寻常的,反常 diverting [daɪˈvɜːtɪŋ] adj.娱乐的;消遣性的;有趣的59.推理: infer - imply - reasoning - thought - speculateinfer [ɪnˈfɜː] v.推断;推论;推理;暗示;意指imply [ɪmˈplaɪ] v.意味着;暗示;表明;含有…的意思;暗指reasoning [ˈriːznɪŋ ] reason的现在分词v.推理;推论;推断;思考;理解thought [θɔːt] think的过去分词和过去式v.认为;以为;想;思考;思索;思想;琢磨speculate [ˈspekjuleɪt] v.推测;猜测;推断;投机;做投机买卖60.富裕的: rich - wealthy - affluent - comfortable - ample - mintedrich [rɪtʃ] adj.富有的;富饶的;肥沃的;强烈的wealthy [ˈwelθi] adj.富有的;富裕的;富人;有钱人;富饶的affluent [ˈæfluənt] adj.富裕的comfortable [ˈkʌmftəbl] adj.使人舒服的;舒适的;愉快放松的;舒服的; 自信而无忧虑的;自在的;富裕的;相当大的 ample [ˈæmpl] adj.充足的;足够的;丰裕的;硕大的minted [ˈmɪntɪd] mint的过去分词和过去式adj.铸造的;新生产(或发明等)的;薄荷味的;富有的;富裕61.完全地: totally - completely - absolutely - entirely - utterlytotally [ˈtəʊtəli] adv.完全地;完全;全部地;整个地completely [kəmˈpliːtli] adv.彻底地;完全地;完整地absolutely [ˈæbsəluːtli] adv.(强调真实)绝对地,完全地;极其;当然entirely [ɪnˈtaɪəli] adv.完全;全部地;完整地utterly [ˈʌtəli] adv.完全地;全然;彻底地62.立即: immediately - directly - instantly - promptly - soonimmediately [ɪˈmiːdiətli] adv.立即;马上;即刻;接近;紧接;附近;紧接地 directly [dəˈrektli] adv.直接地;径直地;坦率地;正;正好地;恰好;立即instantly [ˈɪnstəntli] adv.立刻;立即;马上promptly [ˈprɒmptli] adv.迅速;立即;马上;及时地;准时地soon [suːn] adv.很快,马上,不久;早,快;宁可,宁愿63.尤其: especially - specially - notably - particularlyespecially [ɪˈspeʃəli] adv.尤其地;尤其;特别;格外;专门;特地;十分;非常 specially [ˈspeʃəli] adv.专门地;特意;格外;特别;尤其notably [ˈnəʊtəbli] adv.尤其是;特别;尤其;极大程度上;非常particularly [pəˈtɪkjələli] adj.尤其;特别64.提前: before - prior to - previously - in advancebefore [bɪˈfɔː] prep.之前;在…以前;在…面前(或前面);在前面;当面conj.在…以前;到…为止;到…之前;以免;不然adv.以前;过去;已经prior [ˈpraɪə] adj.先前的,较早的,在前的;优先的,占先的;较重要的previously [ˈpriːviəsli] adv.先前;(一段时间)以前in advance [ɪn ədˈvɑːns] 提前;事先,预先65.几乎不: hardly - barely - scarcelyhardly [ˈhɑːdli] adv.几乎不;几乎没有;刚刚;才barely [ˈbeəli] adv.仅仅;几乎没有;几乎不;刚刚;勉强可能;刚好;刚才scarcely [ˈskeəsli] adv.勉强;刚;几乎不;简直不;刚一…就;根本不可能66.草稿: draft - manuscript - rough draftdraft [drɑːft] n.草稿;草案;草图;汇票manuscript [ˈmænjuskrɪpt] n.手稿;原稿;手写本,手抄本rough draft [rʌf drɑːft] 粗略的草稿67.传记: biography - autobiography - memoirbiography [baɪˈɒɡrəfi] n.传记;传记作品autobiography [ˌɔːtəbaɪˈɒɡrəfi] n.自传;自传体写作memoir [ˈmemwɑː] n.(尤指名人的)回忆录;自传;传说;地方志;大事记68.营养: nutrition - sustenance - nourishment - pabulumnutrition [njuˈtrɪʃn] n.营养;滋养;营养的补给sustenance [ˈsʌstənəns] n.维持;食物;营养;养料;保持nourishment [ˈnʌrɪʃmənt] n.营养;营养品pabulum n.食物,营养;精神食粮69.繁荣的: prosperous - flourishing - boom - thriving - buoyantprosperous [ˈprɒspərəs] adj.繁荣的;成功的;兴旺的flourishing [ˈflʌrɪʃɪŋ] adj.繁荣的;蒸蒸日上的;繁茂的boom [buːm] adj.繁荣的,发展中的thriving [ˈθraɪvɪŋ] thrive的现在分词adj.欣欣向荣,繁华的,兴旺的buoyant [ˈbɔɪənt] adj.看涨的;保持高价的;繁荣的;乐观的;漂浮的70.最初的: initial - primaryinitial [ɪˈnɪʃl] adj.最初的;开始的;第一的primary [ˈpraɪməri] adj.初级的;主要的;最重要的;基本的;最初的;最早的71.合并: amalgamate - merge - combine - conflate - incorporateamalgamate [əˈmælɡəmeɪt] v.(使)合并;联合;使混合merge [mɜːdʒ] v.合并;融入;(使)结合;并入;相融;渐渐消失在某物中combine [kəmˈbaɪn ] v.(使)结合;联合;混合;兼有;兼备;使融合(或并存) conflate [kənˈfleɪt] vt.合并;合成;混合incorporate [ɪnˈkɔːpəreɪt] vt.合并;包含;将…包括在内;吸收;使并入;注72.精确: precision - accuracy - exactitude - nicety - exactnessprecision [prɪˈsɪʒn] n.精确;准确;细致accuracy [ˈækjərəsi] n.精确(程度);准确(性)exactitude [ɪɡˈzæktɪtjuːd] n.精确;准确性;精确性;严密性nicety [ˈnaɪsəti] n.精确;准确;细节;细微的差别;严密;仔细exactness [ɪɡˈzæktnəs] n.精确;正确73.毕业论文: thesis - dissertation - graduation dissertationthesis [ˈθiːsɪs] n.论文;毕业论文;学位论文;命题;论题dissertation [ˌdɪsəˈteɪʃn] n.论文;学位论文;专题论文graduation dissertation [ɡrædʒuˈeɪʃn ˌdɪsəˈteɪʃn] 毕业论文;毕业设计74.导师: supervisor - tutor - advisor - mentor - instructorsupervisor [ˈsuːpəvaɪzə] n.监督人;指导者;主管人tutor [ˈtjuːtə] n.家庭教师;私人教师;导师;指导教师advisor [ədˈvaɪzə] n.顾问;提供意见者mentor [ˈmentɔː] n.导师;顾问instructor [ɪnˈstrʌktə] n.教练;导师;(大学)讲师75.课程: curriculum - course - lesson - programme - subjectcurriculum [kəˈrɪkjələm] n.课程;(学校等的)全部课程course [kɔːs] n.课程;讲座;过程,进程,经过;航线;方针lesson [ˈlesn] n.课程;课;教训;经验;一节课;一课时;教学单元programme [ˈprəʊɡræm] n.程序;计划;方案;节目;活动安排;节目单;课程 subject [ˈsʌbdʒɪkt] n.主题;题目;话题;题材;问题;学科;科目;课程76.趋势: trend - tendency - drift - current - tide - inclinationtrend [trend] n.趋势;趋向;倾向;动态;动向tendency [ˈtendənsi] n.趋势;倾向;趋向;偏好;性情;(政党内的)极端派别drift [drɪft] n.流动;趋势;逐渐变化current [ˈkʌrənt] n.电流;(海洋或江河的)水流;气流;思潮;潮流;趋向tide [taɪd] n.潮;潮汐;潮水;潮流;趋势;动向inclination [ˌɪnklɪˈneɪʃn] n.倾向;意愿;趋向;趋势;倾斜度;向下的轻微动77.矛盾/冲突: conflict - paradox - contradiction - controversyconflict [ˈkɒnflɪkt] n.争执;争论;(军事)冲突;战斗;抵触;矛盾;不一致 paradox [ˈpærədɒks] n.矛盾的人(或事物、情况);似非而是的隽语;悖论 contradiction [ˌkɒntrəˈdɪkʃn] n.矛盾;不一致;对立;反驳;驳斥controversy [ˈkɒntrəvɜːsi] n.争议;(公开的)争论,辩论,论战78.差别/差异: difference - distinction - divergence - disparity - clashdifference [ˈdɪfrəns] n.差别;差异;不同(之处);差;差额;意见分歧;不和 distinction [dɪˈstɪŋkʃn] n.差别;区别;对比;优秀;杰出;卓越;特质;特点;divergence [daɪˈvɜːdʒəns] n.发散;(意见、态度等的)分歧,差异disparity [dɪˈspærəti] n.差距;(因不公正对待引起的)不同,不等,差异, clash [klæʃ] n.冲突;(两群人之间的)打斗;打架;争论;辩论;争执;差别79.费用: fee - payment - cost - spending - expense - rate - termsfee [fiː] n.费用;专业服务费;咨询费;报酬payment [ˈpeɪmənt] n.付款;支付;收款;款额,款项;报答;报偿cost [kɒst] n.费用;花费;价钱;成本;努力,代价,损失;诉讼费用spending [ˈspendɪŋ] n.(政府或其他机构的)开支,支出,花销expense [ɪkˈspens] n.费用;价钱;花钱的东西;开销;开支;花费rate [reɪt] n.速度;进度;比率;率;价格;费用;房地产税terms [tɜːmz] term的第三人称单数和复数n.条件,条款;(交易的)条件;价钱;费用;表达方式;措辞;说法80.契约/协议: agreement - contract - pact - treaty - accord - dealagreement [əˈɡriːmənt] n.协定;协议;契约;(意见或看法)一致;应允;同意 contract [ˈkɒntrækt] n.合同;合约;契约;(雇用杀人的)协议pact [pækt] n.契约;协议;条约;公约treaty [ˈtriːti] n.条约;(国家之间的)协定accord [əˈkɔːd] n.协议;条约deal [diːl] n.(尤指商业或政治方面的)协议;大量;很多;交易;待遇81.恶化: deteriorate - exacerbate - worsen - festerdeteriorate [dɪˈtɪəriəreɪt] vi.变坏;恶化;退化exacerbate [ɪɡˈzæsəbeɪt] vt.加剧;使恶化;使加重worsen [ˈwɜːsn] v.(使)变得更坏,变得更糟,恶化fester [ˈfestə] vi.溃烂;化脓;更加苦恼;愈益恶化82.进步: advance - progress - stride - ascent - progressiveadvance [ədˈvɑːns] n.前进,行进;进步;进展progress [ˈprəʊɡres] n.进步;进展;进程;前进;行进progressive [straɪd] n.大步;一步(的距离);步态;步伐;进展;进步;发展 ascent [əˈsent] n.上升;升高;登高;上坡;上坡路;前进;提高;进步progressive [prəˈɡresɪv] n.进步人士;开明人士;改革派83.恢复: resume - recovery - renew - restore - reinstate - recuperateresume [rɪˈzjuːm ] v.重新开始;(中断后)继续;恢复席位/地位/职位recovery [rɪˈkʌvəri] n.恢复;痊愈;改善;回升;复苏;取回;收回renew [rɪˈnjuː] vt.更新;重申;重新开始;中止后继续;重复强调restore [rɪˈstɔː] vt.恢复;修复;使复原;使复位;使复职;整修;重新采用;归 reinstate [ˌriːɪnˈsteɪt] vt.使恢复原职;使重返岗位;使恢复原状recuperate [rɪˈkuːpəreɪt] v.康复;恢复;恢复健康;收回;挽回(损失)84.成就: accomplishment - achievement - attainment - success - achieveaccomplishment [əˈkʌmplɪʃmənt] n.成就;成绩;才艺;技艺;专长;完成achievement [əˈtʃiːvmənt] n.成就;成绩;功绩;达到;完成attainment [əˈteɪnmənt] n.成就;获得;达到;造诣success [səkˈses] n.成功;胜利;发财;成名;成功的人(或事物)achieve [əˈtʃiːv] v.实现;完成;(凭长期努力)达到;成功85.失业: unemployment - layoffs - be out of workunemployment [ˌʌnɪmˈplɔɪmənt] n.失业;失业人数;无业;没有工作layoffs [ˈleɪˈɒfs] layoff的复数n.解雇,裁员,下岗;休养;疗养;养伤be out of work 失业;工作的人已经失业86.人才: talent - a person of ability - beautifulability [əˈbɪləti] n.能力;才能;本领;才智talent [ˈtælənt] n.才能;人才;天赋;天才;天资a person of ability 人才87.职位: position - post - status - capacity - appointment - jobposition [pəˈzɪʃn] n.位置;地方;处境;观点;地位;职位;名次post [pəʊst] n.邮递,邮寄;邮班;职位status [ˈsteɪtəs] n.地位;状态;身份;职位;高级职位;社会上层地位capacity [kəˈpæsəti] n.容量;容积;容纳能力;职位;职责;容积,功率appointment [əˈpɔɪntmənt] n.约会;任命;预约;委任;约定;职务;职位job [dʒɒb] n.工作;职业;职位;任务;事情;责任;职责88.创新: innovation - creativity - blaze new trailsinnovation [ˌɪnəˈveɪʃn] n.创造;创新;改革;新思想;新方法creativity [ˌkriːeɪˈtɪvəti] n.创造力;创造性blaze new trails [bleɪz njuː treɪlz] 创新89.顾问: consultant - adviser - counsellor - mentor - handlerconsultant [kənˈsʌltənt] n.顾问;高级顾问医师;会诊医师adviser [ədˈvaɪzə] n.顾问;提供意见者counsellor [ˈkaʊnsələ] n.参赞;律师;顾问;辅导顾问;夏令营负责人mentor [ˈmentɔː] n.导师;顾问handler [ˈhændlə] n.驯兽员;驯犬员;搬运工;操作者;组织者;顾问90.下降: decline - drop - fall - descend - go down - fell offdecline [dɪˈklaɪn] v.减少;下降;衰弱;衰退;谢绝;婉言拒绝drop [drɒp] v.落下,掉下,使落下;(故意)降下fall [fɔːl] v.落下;跌倒;下垂;堕落;失势descend [dɪˈsend] v.下来;下去;下降;下斜;下倾;降临;来临go down （价格、水平或数量)下降,下跌;趴下;被打败;(太阳)落下fell off 下降;(从马上)掉下来;扫兴颓丧;离开91.吸引力: attraction - appeal - fascination - charm - lure - pullattraction [əˈtrækʃn] n.吸引力;吸引;向往的地方;有吸引力的事appeal [əˈpiːl] n.上诉;申诉;吸引力;感染力;魅力;呼吁,吁请,恳求;启发 fascination [ˌfæsɪˈneɪʃn] n.魅力;极大的吸引力;入迷;着迷charm [tʃɑːm] n.魅力;魔力;吸引力;迷人的特征;吸引人的特性;妩媚lure [lʊə] n.吸引力;诱惑力;魅力;鱼饵;诱饵pull [pʊl] n.拉;拽;扯;力;引力;磁力;吸引力;诱惑;影响92.选择: choice - option - alternative - preference - selectionchoice [tʃɔɪs] n.选择;挑选;抉择;选择权;选择的可能性;入选者option [ˈɒpʃn] n.选项;选择;选择权;可选择的事物;选择的自由;选修课alternative [ɔːlˈtɜːnətɪv] n.可供选择的事物preference [ˈprefrəns] n.偏爱;爱好;喜爱;偏爱的事物;最喜爱的东西selection [sɪˈlekʃn] n.选择;挑选;选拔;被挑选的人(或物);入选者93.情绪: feeling - mood - emotion - sentiments - vigor - spiritfeeling [ˈfiːlɪŋ] feel的现在分词n.感觉;感触;想法;看法;信念;态度;意见;情感;激动mood [muːd] n.情绪;心情;气氛;坏心境;坏脾气;氛围emotion [ɪˈməʊʃn] n.强烈的感情;激情;情感;情绪sentiments [ˈsɛntɪmənts] sentiment的复数n.(基于情感的)观点,看法;情绪;伤感,柔情,哀 spirit [ˈspɪrɪt] n.精神;心灵;情绪;心境;(某种类型的)人;勇气;忠心;心态;本质;真实意义;灵魂;仙子;烈酒;工业酒精94.承诺: promise - commitment - pledge - engagementpromise [ˈprɒmɪs] n.诺言;许诺;承诺;获得成功的迹象;吉兆;迹象commitment [kəˈmɪtmənt] n.承诺;许诺;允诺承担;保证;献身,奉献,投入 pledge [pledʒ] n.誓言;保证;抵押;诺言;誓约;质钱;抵押品engagement [ɪnˈɡeɪdʒmənt] n.订婚;订婚期间;约定,约会,预约;战斗;交战95.性格: character - nature - personality - temperament - dispositioncharacter [ˈkærəktə] n.性格;品质;特点;特征;勇气;毅力;与众不同之处 nature [ˈneɪtʃə] n.自然界;大自然;自然;自然方式;天性;本性;性格;种类 personality [ˌpɜːsəˈnæləti] n.性格;个性;人格;魅力;气质;气度;名人temperament [ˈtemprəmənt] n.性情;气质;性格;禀性;易冲动;暴躁disposition [ˌdɪspəˈzɪʃn] n.性情;性格;倾向;布置;意向;排列;安排96.学期: semester - term - school term - term-timesemester [sɪˈmestə] n.学期term [tɜːm] n.学期;术语;期限;任期;期school term [skuːl tɜːm] 学期term-time [ˈtɜːm taɪm] n.学期(与假期相对而言)97.策略: strategy - tactics - policy - manoeuvre - ploy - finessestrategy [ˈstrætədʒi] n.策略;计策;行动计划;策划;规划;部署tactics [ˈtæktɪks] tactic的复数n.战术;策略;手段;招数;兵法policy [ˈpɒləsi] n.政策;方针;原则;为人之道;保险单manoeuvre [məˈnuːvə] n.策略;花招;伎俩;细致巧妙的移动;机动动作;手段 ploy [plɔɪ] n.计谋;策略;手法;花招finesse [fɪˈnes] n.手腕;策略;手段98.阻止: prevent - stop - arrest - hinder - impede - halt - inhibitprevent [prɪˈvent] vt.防止;阻止;阻碍;阻挠stop [stɒp] v.停止;(使)停下;(使)结束;阻止arrest [əˈrest] v.逮捕;拘留;阻止;中止;吸引(注意);心跳停止hinder [ˈhɪndə] vt.阻碍;妨碍;阻挡impede [ɪmˈpiːd] vt.妨碍;阻碍;阻止halt [hɔːlt] v.停止行进,停止,终止;使停止前进,使停止,使终止;蹒跚inhibit [ɪnˈhɪbɪt] vt.阻止;阻碍;抑制;使拘束;使尴尬99.抗议: protest - object - remonstrate - expostulateprotest [ˈprəʊtest ] v.(公开)反对;抗议;坚决地表示;申辩object [ˈɒbdʒɪkt ] v.反对;不同意;不赞成;提出…作为反对的理由;抗辩说 remonstrate [ˈremənstreɪt] v.抗议;抱怨;埋怨expostulate [ɪkˈspɒstʃuleɪt] v.争辩;抗议;争论;争执100.严重的: severe - serious - grave - critical - major - acutesevere [sɪˈvɪə] adj.严峻的;严厉的;十分严重的serious [ˈsɪəriəs] adj.不好的;严重的;有危险的grave [ɡreɪv ] adj.严重的;重大的;严峻的;深切的;严肃的;庄严的critical [ˈkrɪtɪkl] adj.批评的;关键的;批判性的;挑剔的;极重要的;至关 紧要的;严重的;不稳定的;可能有危险的major [ˈmeɪdʒə] adj.主要的;大的;重要的;严重;大调的;主修的(课程）acute [əˈkjuːt] adj.严重的;(疾病)急性的;灵敏的;敏锐的;锐角的。

下面这些词汇以后就要在写作的时候少出现了,其替换方案仅供参考,旨在激发大家的灵感,希望诸位今后能够稍加注意,尽可能多的体现用词的多样性以及准确性;在此感谢P r e s i d e n t L u o以及同学们提供的写作素材1. very：pretty, much, quite, greatly, highly, extremely2. important：vital, critical, essential, influential, meaningful, prominent, significant3. more and more:an increasing number of, increasingly, on a rise4. think:believe, argue, maintain, hold the view that5. like:enjoy, be fond of, be in favor of, prefer6. first/second/third:第一： To start/begin with, on one hand, initially第二： Furthermore, in addition, besides, on the other hand, moreover, next 第三： Last but not least; then, thus, hence, consequently7. many/some:most, few, more than, less than, no more than, no less than, the majority of, the minority of, an overwhelming number of8. and/but:not only…but also, as well as, however, nevertheless, otherwise, whereas, on the contrary, conversely9. in my opinion:personally, as far as I am concerned, as to me, from my angle, from my point of view, from my perspective, from my way of thinking10. Every coin has two sides. / How time flies.a two-edged sword 双刃剑Happiness takes no account of time. 欢乐不觉时光过1. 越来越：be increasingly +adj.,be on the rise,a growing number2. 人们认为：it is generally/widely believed/held/agreed that3. 许多问题：a host/ number of problem4. 引起人们注意：claim call/attract general/public/world attention to sth.5. 意识到：there is a growing awareness知道/realization of/that,awaken sb. To the fact/danger6. 适应的形势/变化：adapt/adjust/accommodate使适应oneself to new environment/ change7. 接触各种思想/经历：be exposed to new ideas/experiences/problems8. 接触社会：come into frequent/close contact with the world/society9. 获得成功：achieve/accomplish success10. 提出观点/建议：advance/put forward/come up with the arguments/ideas/suggestions11. 作出努力：make tremendous极大的/persistent持久固的/sustained持续不变的effort to do sth.,take great pains to dowith work/study12. 影响学习：interfere with studies/work13. 产生影响：have/exert a profound刻的influence on life/personality,have a dramatic/ undesirable令人不快的 effect on14. 较好地驾驭生活：be a better pilot of one’s life15. 剥夺机会/权力：deprive oneself of the chance/right/opportunity16. 取代：substitute替代 for/take the place of the old way17. 采取措施：take effective steps/measures to18. 控制我们的环境：take/gain increasing control over our own environment19. 躲避危险/挑战：shy躲避/run away from the dangers/challenge20. 满足要求：meet/satisfy/accommodate the demand of21. 补偿损失：compensate for / make up for the loss/damage22. 解释某现象：account for / explain the phenomenon23. 对……很好的了解：have a better undrstanding/appreciation of,have a new perspective观点 on,provide/gain an insight into24. 把某因素考虑进去：take sth. into accountconsideration,give much thought to25. 品位人生/自由青春：savor the life/freedom/youth26. 培养对……的信心：develop/foster one’s interest/confidence in27. 经历变化/困难/艰险：undergo/experience great changes/hardships/experience28. 表现出自信心等：project one’s confidence/feeling/image29. 生活充满不公正的地方：life is full of minor irritation/injustice30. 追求学习/职业：pursue one’s academic理论的interest/professional career31. 学习知识/技术：pursue/acquire knowledge/technology/skill32. 被看作学习的……榜样：be held up as a good example33. 交流经验/知识：share experience/ideas/problems/knowledge34. 发挥/起到重要作用：play an important/active/greatrole/part35. 逃学/缺课：skip school/a class/a meeting/a lecture36. 知识/经验丰富：rich in knowledge/experience37. 确立/追求目标：set/pursue a goal/higher standard38. 到达目标：achieve/accomplish/stain the goal/aim/object39. 克服困难：overcome obstacles/difficulty40. 面临危险/困难：be confronted/faced with/in the face of danger/difficulty41. 阻碍了成功：stand in the way of success,be an obstacle障碍/barrier to success/ growth42. 阻碍了发展：hamper/impede/stunt the development of43. 持传统的看法：hold conventional wisdom44. 发表看法：voice/express one’s opinion45. 持相反/合理的观点：take the opposite/fresh view46. 揭穿某种一贯的说法：shatter the myth of47. 求得帮助：enlist one’s support/help48. 缩小差别：bridge/narrow/fell the gap/gulfbetween city and country49. 把成功/错误归咎于：attribute/own the success/failure to50. 对……重要：be indispensable/important/vital to经典的替换词：,characters, folks代替people ,persons2 : positive, favorable, rosy美好的,promising有希望的,perfect, pleasurable , excellent, outstanding代替good3:dreadful, unfavorable, poor, adverse有害的代替bad如果bad做表语,可以有be less impressive代替4.an army of, an ocean of, a sea of, a multitude of ,many, if not most 代替many.注：用many, if not most 一定要小心,many后一定要有词;Eg. Many individuals, if not most, harbor the idea that….同理用most, if not all ,代替most.5: a slice of, quite a few , several代替some6: harbor the idea that, take the attitude that; hold the view that, it is widely shared that,it is universally acknowledged that替think因为是书面语,所以要加that 7:affair ,business ,matter 代替thing8: shared 代 commonhuge fruits 代替get much benefit10:for my part ,from my own perspective 代替in my opinion11:Increasingly,growing 代替more and more 注意没有growingly这种形式;所以当修饰名词时用increasing/growing.修饰形容词,副词用increasingly.if anything, 或little or nothing代替hardly13..benefitial rewarding代替helpful; be beneficial of,client,consumer,purchaser, 代替customer,extremely 代替very16. hardly unnecessary, hardly inevitable ... 代替 necessary, inevitable appeals to sb, sth exerts a tremendous fascination on sb 代替sb take interest inone's attention代替attract one's attention.,demension,sphere代aspectindicative of ,be suggestive of ,be fearful of代 indicate, suggest ,fear rise to, lead to, result in, trigger 代替cause.22. There are several reasons behind sth 代替..reasons for sth代替want.attention into 代替pay attention toin mind that 代替remember26. enjoy, possess 代替have注意process是过程的意思27. interaction代替communicationon sth代替 be against , disagree with sthname only a few, as an example代替 for example30. next to/virtually impossible,代替nearly impossible通用特点1, offer a sense of job satisfaction and security提供就业安全与保障2, lay a solid professional working experience打下坚实的专业工作经验3, reduce / cut down expenditure减少开支4, increase job opportunities增加就业机会5, meet personalized meets满足个性化需求6, promote talent introduction and exchange促进人才的引进与交流7, keep skills fresh and up-to-date保持技术更新8, better / promote / enhance / further human resource development促进人力发展9, lay a solid foundation for为….打下坚实基础10, pave the way for the future / development为未来发展铺平道路11, foster a sense of competition and cooperation培养竞争与合作意识12, cultivate the spirit of teamwork培养团队合作精神13, widen one’s knowledge扩展知识14, enrich one’s social and life experience丰富社会经验以及个人阅历15, enlarge one’s view / broaden one’s horizon拓宽视野16, realize the value of life认识到生命的价值所在17, speed up technical innovation加速科技更新18, release people from hard work从繁重的工作中解脱出来19, improve education conditions改善教育环境20, simulate one’s imaginati on and interest in sth.即发想象力与兴趣帮助联想的理由1, team-work spirit团队合作精神2, cooperation and competition 合作与竞争3, working experience工作经验4, interpersonal skills人际关系5, communication skills沟通能力6, a broader view更为辽阔的视野7, courage to overcome difficulties克服困难的勇气8, the sense of independence独立能力9, put theory into practice将理论付诸实践10, get to know the society了解社会11, meet new friends结识新的朋友12, develop one’s potential开发潜能13, gain confidence获得自信14, ambition野心15, ease one’s burden减轻负担16, idea观念17, characteristics个性弊端1, be a serious setback for the career development职业生涯当中的严重阻碍2, be lack of a sense of job security缺乏工作保障3, distract sb from doing sth从…中分心4, impose/put a heavy strain on施与….沉重负担5, be a root of all evil万恶之源6, contaminate environment污染环境7, be harmful to our physical and mental health危害身心健康8, be detached from从…中分离9, make… in disorder/ chaos 使….陷入混乱10, break the ecological balance 打破生态平衡11, suffer heavy losses 遭受严重损失12, undermine local culture 削弱地方文化13, go astray 误入歧途14, be incompatible with the present work 于现有工作相斥15, be very orthodox in one’s behavior 合乎传统行为16, restrain sb from doing 阻止…做….17, endanger social stability and safety 危害社会稳定与安全18, be the invasion of privacy 侵犯隐私19, be exaggerated and cheating 夸大、欺骗20, arouse resistance in the public 呼吁公众抵制…解决措施1, strengthen the regulation and monitoring 加强监控与监督2, give sb a comprehensive person-to-person service 给予人性化服务3, enhance the government intrusion 增强宏观调控4, place severe restrictions on 严格限制5, promote legislative regulations 宣传法律法规6, set down/ lay down effective laws/ regulations 制定法律法规7, increase the involvement of …and… 促进…和….的参与8, impose heavier penalty on 给予严惩9, work out a framework of development 规划发展蓝图10, arouse people’s awareness of 唤起公众的…意识11, increase interaction between government and the public 增进政府与公众之间的互动12, establish and perfect the social security system 建立并完善社会保障体系13, give special care to 给予特殊关怀14, optimize social resources allocation 优化资源配置15, take proper guidance and support 采取适当的引导与支持。

英语四六级写作高级词汇替换★形容词：1. 贫穷的：poor = needy = impoverished = poverty-stricken2. 富裕的：rich = wealthy = affluent = well-to-do = well-off3. 优秀的：excellent = eminent = top = outstanding4. 积极的，好的：good = conducive = beneficial=advantageous5. 消极的，不良的：bad = detrimental= baneful =undesirable6. 明显的：obvious = apparent = evident =manifest7. 健康的: healthy = robust = sound = wholesome8. 惊人的：surprising = amazing = extraordinary = miraculous9. 美丽的：beautiful = attractive = gorgeous = eye-catching10. 有活力的：energetic = dynamic = vigorous =animated11. 流行的：popular = prevailing = prevalent= pervasive1.Everywhere 普遍的Widespread、Prevalent、Overflow、Rampant2.Good 好的Beneficial、Advantageous3.Harmful 有害的Inhumane、Detrimental、Baneful4.Rich 富有的Wealthy、Affluent5.Poor 贫穷的Impoverished7.Serious 严重的Severe8.Obvious 明显的Manifest、Apparent、Evident9.cheap 便宜的Economical、Inexpensive★动词：1. 提高，加强：improve = enhance= promote = strengthen = optimize2. 引起：cause = trigger = endanger3. 解决：solve =resolve =address = tackle =cope with = deal with4. 拆除：destroy = tear down = knock down = eradicate5. 培养: develop = cultivate = foster = nurture6. 激发，鼓励：encourage = motivate = stimulate = spur7. 认为：think = assert= hold = claim = argue8. 完成：complete = fulfill = accomplish= achieve9. 保留：keep = preserve = retain = hold10. 有害于：destroy = impair = undermine = jeopardize11. 减轻: ease = alleviate = relieve = lighten1.Improve 提高：Promote、Advance、Enhance2.change 改变：Transform3.Emphasize 强调：Highlight、Stress、Address(这是个9星级用法)4.Develop培养：Agriculture、Cultivate、Nurture5.Break 破坏：Impair、Undermine这两个词指的是抽象意义上的破坏Jeopardize、Devastate6.Keep 保存Preserve、Conserve 保护资源7.deal With解决Tackle、Address（这也是高难度用法，很牛）、Resolve8.need 需要Require、necessitate、call for（这也是个很高级的用法，奥巴马就用这个）★名词：1. 影响：influence= impact2. 危险：danger = perils =hazard3. 污染：pollution = contamination4. 人类：human beings= mankind = human race5. 老人：old people= the old = the elderly = the aged = senior citizens6. 幸福：happiness = cheerfulness = well-being7. 老师：teachers = instructors = educators = lecturers8. 教育：education = schooling = family parenting = upbringing9. 青少年：young people = youngsters = youths = adolescents10. 优点：advantage = merits = superiority = virtue11. 责任：responsibility = obligation = duty = liability12. 能力：ability = capacity = power = skill13. 职业：job = career = employment = profession14. 娱乐：enjoyment = pastimes = recreation= entertainment15. 孩子：children = offspring = descendant= kid1.Forefather 祖先Ancestor、Predecessor2.Difference不同Gap（简单但是牛）、Distinction3.Crime 犯罪Delinquency、Criminal Act4.Environment 环境Circumstance、Atmosphere、Surrounding、Ambience5.Pollution 污染Contamination6.Human 人类The human race Humanity Humankind7.Danger 危险Peril、Hazard8.In modern society 在当今社会In contemporary society In present-day society In this day and age★短语：1. 充满了：be filled with = be awash with = be inundate with = be saturated with2. 努力：struggle for = aspire after = strive for = spare no efforts for3. 从事：embark on = take up = set about = go in for4. 在当代: in contemporarysociety = in present-day society= in this day and age5. 大量的: a host of = a multitude of = a vast number of = a vast amount of插入语★1.indeed的确， 2.surely无疑， 3.however然而，4.obviously显然， 5.frankly坦率地说， 6.naturally自然，7.luckily (或happily)for sb.算某人幸运，8.fortunately/luckily幸好，9.honestly真的，10.briefly简单地说,11.strange to say说也奇怪，12.needless to say不用说，13.most impor tant of all最为重要是，13.worse still更糟糕的是，14.in a few words(或in sum，in short)简而言之，15.in other words换句话说，16.in a sense在某种意义上，17.in general一般说来，18.in my view在我看来，19.in conclusion总之，20.in summary概括地说，21.in fact事实上，22.in the first place首先，23.in addition此外，24.of course当然，25.to my knowledge据我所知，26.for instance(或example)例如，27.as a matter of fact 事实上,28.strictly speaking严格地说，29.generally speaking一般地说，30.judging from…根据……判断,31.to be sure无疑，32.to sum up概括地说，33.to tell the truth 老实说,34.I am sure我可以肯定地说，35.I believe我相信，36.I wonder我不知道，37.that is也就是说，38.it seems看来是，39.as I see it照我看来，40.what is important (serious)重要(严重)的是1解决: Solve, deal with, cope with, handle, resolve, address, tackle2损害：Damage, hurt, injure, harm, impair, undermine, jeopardize3给与：Give, offer, render, impart, provide, supply, afford4培养：：Develop, cultivate, foster5优势：Advantage, merit, virtue, benefit, upside, strength6 缺陷：Disadvantage, demerit, drawback, downside, weakness7 使迷惑：Puzzle, bewilder, perplex, baffle8 重要的：Key, crucial, critical, important, significant, vital, substantial, indispensable, imperative9 认为：Think, believe, insist, maintain, assert, conclude, deem, hold,argue, be convinced, be firmly convinced, be fully convinced10 保护：Protect, conserve, preserve11确保：Assure, ensure, guarantee, pledge12 有害的：Bad, baneful evil, harmful, detrimental13 要求：Request, demand, needs, requisition14 消除：Eliminate, clear, remove, clear up, take away, smooth away15 导致：Lead to, bring about, result in, cause, spark off, conduce to, procure, induce, generate16 因此：So, therefore, thus, hence, consequently, as a consequence, accordingly, as a result, because of this, as a result of this17 增长至：Grow to，rise to，increase to，go up to，climb to，ascend to，jump to，shoot to18降低至：Dip to，fall to，decline to，decrease to，drop to，go down to，reduce to，slump to，descend to，sink to，slide to19保持稳定：Level out，do not change，remain stable，remain still，remain steady，be stable，maintain the same level，remain unchanged，be still，remain the same level，stay constant，keep at the same level，level off，stabilize，keep its stability，even out20 急剧地：Dramatically，drastically，sharply，hugely，enormously，steeply，substantially，considerably，significantly，markedly，surprisingly，strikingly，radically，remarkably，vastly，noticeably21平稳地：Steadily，smoothly，slightly，slowly，marginally，gradually，moderately，mildly22 宣称：Allege, assert, declare, claim23 发生：Happen, occur, take place24 原因：Reason, factor, cause25 发展：Development, advance, progress26 有益的：Useful, helpful, beneficial, profitable, rewarding，advantageous27 影响：Influence, impact, effect28明显的：Clear, obvious, evident, self-evident, manifest, apparent, crystal-clear29占：Comprise, take up, account for, constitute, consist of, make up, occupy, hold, compose30与…相比：Compared with，compared to，in comparison with，in comparison to，by comparison with，by comparison to31对比而言：By contrast，in contrast，on the other hand，on the contrary=，conversely32展示：Show, reveal, illustrate, demonstrate, depict, present, represent, describe33 大约：Approximately，almost，about，around，nearly，roughly 34波动：Fluctuate，go ups and downs，display a fluctuation，demonstrate a fluctuation35事实上：Practically，in practice，essentially，in essence，in reality，in effect，in fact，as a matter of fact，it is a fact that36换言之：Namely，that is to say，in other words，to put it like this，to put it differently，to put it from another way，to put it from another angle.1.individuals,characters, folks替换people ,persons2: positive, favorable, rosy (美好的)，promising (有希望的)，perfect, pleasurable , excellent, outstanding, superior替换good3:dreadful, unfavorable, poor, adverse, ill (有害的)替换bad 如果bad 做表语，可以有be less impressive替换Eg.An army of college students indulge themselves in playing games, enjoying romance with girls/boys or killing time passively in their dorms. When it approaches to graduation ,as a result, they find their academic records are less impressive.4.(an army of, an ocean of, a sea of, a multitude of ,a host of, many, if not most)替换many.注：用many, if not most 一定要小心，many后一定要有词。

雅思写作同义替换汇总引言本文将总结一些常用的同义替换词汇，以帮助雅思考生在写作过程中提升表达能力，并避免重复使用相同的词语。

1. 题目: Title- 替换词汇：Heading, Caption, Heading title- 替换词汇：Widespread, Universal, General3. 有利的: Beneficial- 替换词汇：Advantageous, Favorable, Positive4. 不利的: Detrimental- 替换词汇：Harmful, Negative, Adverse5. 许多: Many- 替换词汇：Numerous, A multitude of, A host of6. 重要的: Important- 替换词汇：Significant, Crucial, Vital7. 增长: Increase- 替换词汇：Rise, Grow, Expand8. 减少: Decrease- 替换词汇：Decline, Reduce, Diminish9. 影响: Impact- 替换词汇：Influence, Effect, Consequence10. 解决: Solve- 替换词汇：Resolve, Address, Tackle11. 增加: Add- 替换词汇：Include, Incorporate, Append12. 减小: Reduce- 替换词汇：Minimize, Diminish, Lessen结论通过使用这些同义替换词汇，雅思考生可以丰富自己的表达方式，增强写作的可读性和地道性。

在写作过程中，建议考生尽量避免过多使用相同的词语，而是灵活运用同义替换来传达不同的意思和观点。

以上就是本文对雅思写作同义替换的汇总，希望对雅思考生有所帮助。

.增补(Addition)in addition另外, furthermor e此外, again, also, besides, moreover此外, similarly, finally最后2.比较(Comparison)in the same way, likewise同样地, similarly, equally, in comparison比较起来, just as同样地3.对照(Contrast)whereas然而, in contrast与此相反, on the other hand, instead同样, however然而, nevertheless然而, unlike, even though即使, on the contrary, while4.因果(Cause and effect)because, because of, for, since, due to, owing to, thanks to, as a result(of), accordingly, hence, so, thus5.强调(Emphasis)certainly, above all, indeed, of course, surely, actually, as a matter of fact, chiefly, especially, primarily, in particular, undoubtedly, absolutely, most imprtant6.让步(Concession)although, though, after all, in spite of, nevertheless, still, provided, while it is true....7.例证(Exemplification)for example, for instance, that is, namely, such as, in other words, in this case, by way of illustration.8.总结(Conclusion)to sum up, to conclude, in a word, in short, in brief, all in all, in all, to put it in a nutshell, in summary9.推断(Inference)therefore, as a result(of), consequently, accordingly, so, otherwise10.时间和空间(Time and space)afterward, after, first, later, then, soon, outside, near, beyound, above, below, on the right(left), in the middle, opposite, in front of1)、启A proverb says...... At present.......As the proverb says.... Currently.....Generally speaking, .... Now,....In general, ..... On the Whole....It is clear that.... Recently.....It is often said that.... Without doubt, .......2)、承First(of all), ...... Moreover, .........Firstly, ............ No one can deny that....In the first place, ......... Obviously.....To begin with, ......... Of course, .........Also, ....... Similarly,.........At the same time...... Therefore, we should realize that.....Certainly...... There is no doubt that.......In addition,..... What`s more, ..........In fact........ It can be easily proved that...Meanwhile......3)、转But... Still, ......But the problem is not so simple...There is a certain amount of truth in this, but we still have a problem with regard to.......However,....... To our surprise,..........Nevertheless, ........ Unfortunately.......On the other hand, .......Yet difference will be found and that is why I feel that........Others may find this to be true, but I do not. I think.....4)、合Above all, In brief, ........Accordingly, ..... In conclusion, ........All in all, .......In other words, it is hard to escape the conclusion that........As a consequence, ......... In short, .........As I have shown/said/stated/.... In sum, ........In summary, ....... As has been noted, ....Obviously, ......... By so doing, .....On the whole, ..... Consequently, ........Presumably, ....... Eventually, .........To conclude, ...... Finally, ........To sum up, ..... In a word, ......To summarize, ......在英语作文中必备的替换精髓词汇（全面提高你四，六级托福，雅思作文水平）个人日记2008-02-24 20:17 阅读333 评论1 字号：大大中中小小最近读英语，可能大多数人或许会和我有同感，写英语作文时用来用去就那几个单词，没有深度，更没有创新。

替换：替换：1.Improve 提高：提高：Promote 、Advance 、Enhance2.change 改变：改变：Transform3.Emphasize 强调：强调：Highlight 、Stress 、Address(这是个9星级用法)4.Develop 培养：培养：Agriculture 、Cultivate 、Nurture5.Break 破坏：破坏：Impair 、Undermine 这两个词指的是抽象意义上的破坏这两个词指的是抽象意义上的破坏Jeopardize 、Devastate 这两个词用了就牛X 了6.Keep 保存保存Preserve 、Conserve 保护资源用的就是这个词，不要用protect ，protect 这个词用在保护具体的东西。

的东西。

7.deal With 解决解决Tackle 、Address （这也是高难度用法，很牛）、Resolve8.need 需要需要Require 、necessitate 、call for （这也是个很高级的用法，奥巴马就用这个）（这也是个很高级的用法，奥巴马就用这个）形容词替换：形容词替换：1.Everywhere 普遍的普遍的Widespread 、Prevalent 、Overflow 、Rampant2.Good 好的好的Beneficial 、Advantageous3.Harmful 有害的有害的Inhumane 、Detrimental 、Baneful4.Rich 富有的富有的Wealthy 、Affluent5.Poor 贫穷的贫穷的Impoverished7.Serious 严重的严重的Severe8.Obvious 明显的明显的Manifest 、Apparent 、Evident9.cheap 便宜的便宜的Economical 、Inexpensive名词替换：名词替换：1.Forefather 祖先祖先Ancestor 、Predecessor2.Difference 不同不同Gap （简单但是牛）、Distinction3.Crime 犯罪犯罪Delinquency 、Criminal Act4.Environment 环境环境Circumstance 、Atmosphere 、Surrounding 、Ambience5.Pollution 污染污染Contamination6.Human 人类人类The human raceHumanityHumankind7.Danger 危险危险Peril、Hazard8.In modern society 在当今社会在当今社会In contemporary societyIn present-day societyIn this day and age（这是最牛的说法）（这是最牛的说法）subjective 主观的objective 客观的客观的positive 肯定的否定的肯定的negative 否定的悲观的optimistic 乐观的pessimistic 悲观的片面的、偏见的 biased 有偏见的partial 片面的、偏见的公平的、无偏见的impartial 公平的、无偏见的适当的、中肯的 puzzling 困惑的relevant 适当的、中肯的愤怒的apprecial 欣赏的indignant 愤怒的担忧的apprehensive 担忧的supportive 支持的支持的1．表示原因．表示原因1）There are three reasons for this ．2）The reasons for this are as follows ．3）The reason for this is obvious ．4）The reason for this is not far to seek ．5）The reason for this is that ．．．6）We have good reason to believe that ．．．1例如：例如：There are three reasons for the changes that have taken place in our life ．Firstly ，people’s living standard has been greatly improved ．Secondly ，most people are well paid ， and they can afford what they need or like ．Last but not least ，more and more people prefer to enjoy modern life ．注：如考生写第一个句子没有把握，可将其改写成两个句子。

大学英语六级作文中常用词汇的高级替换（26例）写作部分在四六级考试中非常重要，在作文中运用高级词汇也是能够加分的一点。

下文列出一些作文中常用词汇的高级替换方式，大家可以学习并且运用到自己的作文中。

1.支持(support)advocate【例】We advocate solving international dispute by negotiation, instead of appealing to arms.我们主张通过协商解决国际争端，而不主张诉诸武力。

argue for 【例】Do directors see new risks that argue for a different approach?董事们有没有看到可能支持不同做法的新风险？be in favour of【例】The majority voted in favour of the proposal.多数人投票赞成这项提案。

2.反对(object)argue against【例】Three considerations argue against increasing fee.三种理由反对增加费用。

be opposed to【例】Mr Clarke has shown himself to be resolutely opposed to compromise.克拉克先生已表示自己坚决反对妥协。

frown on【例】He would frown on such a proposal.他不会赞成这样的建议。

/be unhappy / pulla long face3.许多(many)/ the overwhelming majority of studentsnumerous【例】Numerous factories have sprung up in this once desolate area.过去这一带满目苍凉，现在却有了无数的工厂。

1. “好”：good替换为：fine，OK，nice，great，excellent，wonderful，terrific，fabulous，fantastic，splendid，extraordinary，outstanding，incredible，amazing2. “大”：big替换为：tremendous [trɪ'mendəs]，titanic [taɪ'tænɪk]，gigantic [dʒaɪ'gæntɪk]，vast，huge，large，grand [grænd]，great，giant，immense [ɪ'mens]，colossal [kə'lɒs(ə)l] building 3. “很、非常”：very替换为：I am terribly sorry．实在抱歉。

The movie was pretty good．那部电影非常精彩。

He was most kind to me．他对我非常亲切。

We were greatly shocked at the news．听到这个消息我们大为震惊。

This story is highly significant．这个故事很有意义。

I badly want to change my job．我很想换个工作。

The boss felt quite pleased with my work．老板对我的工作很满意。

We were extremely excited at the news．听到这个消息我们极其兴奋。

The performance was simply marvelous．演出十分精彩。

What I said is perfectly clear．我说得十分清楚。

I felt totally exhausted by the time I got home．我到家时累到了极点。

（一）高级词汇替换1.individuals,characters, folks替换people ,persons2.positive, favorable, rosy, promising, perfect, pleasurable, excellent, outstanding, superior替换good3.dreadful, unfavorable, poor, adverse, be less impressive替换bad4.an army of, an ocean of, a sea of, a multitude of ,a host of, many, if not most替换many. (注：用many, if not most 一定要小心，many后一定要有词)5.a slice of, quiet a few , several替换some6.harbor the idea that, take the attitude that,hold the view that, it is widely shared that,it is universally acknowledged that替换think7.affair ,business ,matter替换thing8.shared替换common9.reap huge fruits替换get many benefits10.for my part ,from my own perspective替换in my opinion11.Increasing(ly),growing替换more and more (注意没有growingly这种形式。

所以当修饰名词时用increasing/growing.修饰形容词，副词用increasingly)12.little if anything, 或little or nothing替换hardly13.beneficial, rewarding替换helpful,14.shopper,client,consumer,purchaser, 替换customer15.exceedingly,extremely, intensely替换very16. hardly necessary, hardly inevitable ... 替换unnecessary, avoidablemore and more →an increasing number ofnowadays →in contemporary society，for example → a good illustration of this，play an important role →occupy a significant position,I think → from my viewpoint,Like → tend to , be inclined to，...is the most important →...is the first priority（二）句型模板1、~~~ the + ~ est + 名词+ (that) + 主词+ have ever + seen( known/heard/had/read, etc)~~~ the most + 形容词+ 名词+ (that) + 主词+ have ever + seen( known/heard/had/read, etc)2、Nothing is + ~~~ er than to + V Nothing is + more + 形容词+ than to + V3、~~~ cannot emphasize the importance of ~~~ too much.（再怎么强调...的重要性也不为过。

4级、6级、雅思英语写作替换高级词汇-CAL-FENGHAI.-(YICAI)-Company One11. important =crucial(extremelyimportant),significant(amount or effect large enough to be important)mon=universal, ubiquitous(if something is ubiquitous, it seems to be everywhere)3.abundant=ample(enough and usually extra), plentiful(enough for people's needs and wants)4.stick=adhere, cling(hold on something tightly)5.neglect=ignore.(difference: neglect means someone has not paid enough attention to something; ignore means no attention.)6.near=adjacent(twothings next to each other), adjoin(the same as adjacent)7.pursue=woo(man woos woman, old-fashioned), seek(if you seek sth, you try to obtain it. FORMAL)8.accurate=precise(precise is exact and accurate in all details), exact(correct in every detail)9.vague=obscure(unknown or known by only a few people)10.top=peak, summitpetitor=rival, opponent(especially in sports and politics)12.blame=condemn(if you condemn something, you say it is very bad and unacceptable)13.opinon=perspective, standpoint(means looking at an event or situation in a particular way)14.fame=prestige(describe those who are admired), reputation15.build=erect(you can erect something as buildings, FORMAL), establish16.insult=humiliate(do something or say something which makes people feel ashamed or stupid)plain=grumble (complain something in a bad-tempered way)18.primary=radical (very important and great in degree), fundamental19.relieve=alleviate(alleviate means you make pain or sufferings less intense or severe)20.force=coerces into(coerce means you make someone do something s/he does not want to),compel21.enlarge=magnify(magnify means make something larger than it really is)plex=intricate(if something is intricate, it often has many small parts and details)23. Lonely=solitary (if someone is solitary, there is no one near him/her24.small=minuscule(very small), minute,25.praise=extol(stronger than praise), compliment(polite and political)26.hard-working=assiduous(someone who is assiduous works hard or does things very thoroughly27.difficult=arduous(if something is arduous, it is difficult and tiring, and involves a lot of efforts)28.poor(soil)=barren, infertile(used to describe the soil is so poor that plants cannot be planted on it)29.fragile=brittle, vulnerable(someone who is vulnerable is easily hurt emotionally or physically)30.show=demonstrate (to demonstrate a fact means tp make it clear to people.)31.big=massive(large in size, quantity, or extent), colossal(use this word, you emphasize something’s large), tremendous(INFORMAL)32.avoid=shun(if someone shuns something, s/he deliberately avoid that something or keep away from it.)33.fair=impartial(someone who is impartial is able to give a fair opinion or decision on something.)34.attack=assault(physically attack someone), assail (attack violently35.dislike=abhor(abhor means you hate something to a extreme extent for moral reasons), loathe(dislike very much)!36.ruin=devastate (it means damage something very badly, or utterly destroy it.)39.always=invariably(the same as always, but better than always)40.forever=perpetual(a perpetual state never changes), immutable(something immutable will never change or be changed)41.surprise=startle(it means surprise you slightly), astound(surprise you to a large degree),astonish(the same as astound)42.enthusiasm=zeal (a great enthusiasm), fervency (sincere and enthusiasm)43.quiet=tranquil(calm and peaceful), serene(calm and quiet)!44.expensive=exorbitant(it means too expensive that it should be)45.luxurious=lavish(impressive and very expensive), sumptuous(grand and very expensive46.boring=tedious(if you describe something tedious, you mean it is boring and frustrating)47.respect=esteem(if you esteem someone, you respect and admire him/her. FORMAL)48.worry=fret(if you fret about something, you worry about it)49.cold=chilly(unpleasantly cold), icy(extremely cold)50.hot=boiling(very hot)51.dangerous=perilous(very dangerous, hazardous(dangerous, especially to people's safety and health)52.nowadays=currently53.only=unique(the only one of its kind), distinctive;54.stop=cease(if something ceases, it stops happening or existing)55.part=component(the components of something are the parts that it is made of)( h56.result=consequence(the results or effects of something)57.obvious=apparent, manifest58.basedon=derived fromcan see or notice them very easily)60.quite=fairly61.pathetic=lamentable(very uncomfortable and disappointing)62.field=domain(a particular field of thought, activities or interest)63.appear=emerge(come into existence)64.whole=entire(the whole of something)865.wet=moist(slightly wet), damp(slightly wet), humid(very damp and hot)66.wrong=erroneous(incorrect or partly correct)67.difficult=formidable68.change=convert(change into another form)69.typical=quintessential(this word means represent a typical example of something)70.careful=cautious(very careful in order to avoid danger), prudent(careful and sensible)71.ability=capacity, capability(the same as ability)72.strange=eccentric(if some one is eccentric, s/he behaves in a strange way, or his/her opinion is different from most people)73.rich=affluent(if you are affluent, you have a lot of money)e= utilize (the same as use)75.dubious=skeptical(if you are skeptical about something, you have doubts on it.)76.satisfy=gratify (if you are gratified by something, it gives you pleasure andsatisfaction)77.short=fleeting, ephemeral(if something is ephemeral, it lasts a short time)78.scholarship=fellowship79.angry=enraged(extremely angry)80.smelly=malodorous(used to describe an unpleasant smell)81.ugly=hideous(if something is hideous, it is very ugly or unattractive)82.attractive=appealing(pleasing and attractive), absorbing(something absorbing canattract you a great deal)83.diverse=miscellaneous(a miscellaneous groups consists of many different kinds of things)84.disorder=disarray, chaos85.crazily=frantically(used to describe someone who behaves in a wild anduncontrolled way)86.rapid=meteoric(ATTENTION: meteoric is only used to describe someone achieves successquickly)87.ordinary=mundane(very ordinary and not at interesting or unusual)88.despite=notwithstanding(FORMAL)89.best=optimal(used to describe the best level something can achieve)/90.sharp=acute(severe and intense)91.unbelievable=inconceivable(if you deem something inconceivable, you think it very unlike to happen)92.puzzle=perplex(something perplex someone means it confuses and worries him/her because he/she does not understand it)93.method=avenue(away of getting something done)94.famous=distinguished(used to describe people who are successful in their career)95.ancient=archaic(extremely old and extremely old-fashioned)96.decorate=embellish(embellish means make something look more attractive via decorating it with something else)/97.possible=feasible(if something is feasible, it can be done, made or achieved)98.so=consequently, accordingly99.rare=infrequent (does n’t happen often100.greedy=rapacious(greedy and selfish)11。