2019高考英语一轮优编选题 Unit 2 Cloning新人教版选修8

Unit 2 Cloning

一、阅读理解。

Sometimes, you just can't help it. Maybe you're watching a sad movie, or thinking

about the friend who moved away. Next thing you know, there's a lump in your throat,

your eyes are watering, and you have tears running down your cheeks.

A professor of psychology at Tilburg University, in the Netherlands,has

studied crying.According to Vingerhoets, there're three types of tears. Basal tears

are the first type. They act as a protective barrier between the eye and the rest

of the world.Next are reflex tears. They wash your eyes clean when something gets

in them. Finally, there're emotional tears. “These are released in response to

emotional states,” explains Vingerhoets.

Scientists believe crying has something to do with how humans developed and

learned to depend on each other. “Humans are very complex social creatures,” says

Lauren Bylsma, a professor from Pittsburgh University, in Pennsylvania. “It seems

that tears can make them get help and support from others.”

She says another reason why we weep is that humans have the longest

developmental period of almost any animal. It takes a long time to grow up.

Vingerhoets agrees. “I think that the reason why humans shed(流出)emotional

tears has to do with our prolonged(延长的) childhood,” he says. “That's the time

when we're still dependent on adults for love,protection and care. The major

advantage of tears is that you can target them at a specific person.”

Vingerhoets says this ability could have come in handy in prehistoric times,

when humans were living among dangerous animals. Loud crying could attract

predators(捕食者). Tears were a safer way to get attention. “In this case, it's

better to use a silent signal to ask for help,” he says. Vingerhoets and Bylsma

do frequent studies to better understand why humans cry.

1.The tears mentioned in Paragraph 1 should belong to ________.

A.basal tears B.reflex tears

C.happy tears

D.emotional tears

2.What is Vingerhoets' attitude to the effects of tears?

A.Passive.

B.Positive.

C.Doubtful.

D.Indifferent.

3.The underlined phrase of “a silent signal” probably refers to ________.

A.a written language

B.predators

C.tears

D.loud crying

4.What is the best title of the text?

A.Types of Tears

B.Precious Tears

C.Secrets of Tears

D.On Tears

参考答案： 1.D; 2.B; 3.C; 4.C

解析： 1.[推理判断题。根据第二段Finally, there're emotional tears. “These are

released in response to emotional states,” explains Vingerhoets.可推断出,第一段提到的泪水属于emotional tears。]

2.[态度判断题。根据倒数第二段可知其实文中这两位科学都认为泪水有好处,即积极看待眼泪。]

3.[词义猜测题。根据文中划线前Tears were a safer way to get attention.的叙述可知,在这种情况下(在史前时期人类大声哭泣会引来危险的动物),最好用这种“无声的信号”来寻求帮助。因此这种无声的信号就是前面所指的“眼泪”。]

4.[标题归纳题。文章从科学研究的角度对眼泪的种类、哭的原因等做了科学的分析,揭示了眼泪不为人知的秘密。故该项用作文章的标题最佳。]

二、单句语法填空

1．His efforts to raise money for his program were ___________ vain because no one showed any intention to take a cent out of their pockets.

答案：in

2．The new clothes in that shop are so beautiful that Anna cannot resist___________

(take) a close look at them, although she cannot afford them at present.

答案：taking

3．The students are forbidden, unless they have special passes, ___________ (stay)

out after 11 p．m.

答案：to stay

4．This is only an ___________ (assume) that they won’t spend too much on the

decoration of the house.

答案：assumption

5．Liu Lei insisted that he merely did what everybody would have done and strongly

objected to___________ (call) a hero.

答案：being called

6．Not having prepared well, you are bound ___________ (suffer) great losses in the

commercial trade.

答案：to suffer

7．The project ___________ (undertake) by the young engineer on his own turned out

to be very successful.

答案：undertaken

8．Why bother ___________ (go) abroad to study, when there are so many good

universities at home?

答案：going/to go

9．I wasn’t blaming anyone; I ___________ (mere) said errors like this could be

avoided.

答案：merely

10．(2018·四川自贡一诊)Greatly ___________ (strike) by the beauty of the language,

I thought how even today Shakespeare’s writing remains powerful and true.

答案：struck

三、完形填空。

My parents owned a 500-acre farm in Montana when I was young. Life there was

filled not just with fun and games but 1 as well. The lambing season was especially hard. Montana’s freezing spring weather kept my parents watching 2 mamas at

all

hours of the day and night 3 a newborn lamb.

It was during this time of new life that my favorite childhood memory took place.

One exceptionally 4 day, my mother spied a sheep trying to 5 her baby lamb

and needed our 6 . My mother calmly held the sheep’s head and 7 me to get hold

of the lamb’s protruding(伸出的) legs.

I 8 and must have had a look of panic on my face. The little things were