Unit 3 Computers (Grammar & Reading)

1. 阅读教材39-40页。

2. 形容词的比较级是怎么构成的？请举两个例子。

------------------------------------------------------3.形容词的最高级是怎么构成的？也请举两个例子。

2、出示学习目标：3、探究点一：Look at the following sentencesMy book is cheaper than yours.But my book is more interesting than yours.Work out the rule :We ofte add er to short adjectives and use more with long adjectives.. We often use than after the comparative of adjectives.探究点二：Look at the following sentencesThe red laptop is the smallest among the three.But it is the most expensive.Work out the rule :We often add est to short adjectives and use most with long adjectives. We usually use the in front of the superlative of adjectives.探究点三：1.hot__________ ____________2. good___________ ___________3. brave____________ _________4. large_________ ______________5. much__________ ___________6. difficult__________ ____________7. little________ __________ 8. early __________ __________9. important ___________ ____________ 10. far _________ _________11. tidy _________ ___________ 12. thin ___________ __________二、用所给单词的适当形式填空。

The comparative and superlative of adjectives 形容词的比较级和最高级1. 形容词比较级、最高级的构成(1) 单音节以及部分双音节词：Rules adj. comparative superlative一般在词尾加-er 或-est tall taller tallest以字母e结尾的单词加-r 或-st nice一个元音加一个辅音：双写辅音字母，再加-er/-est以“一个辅音字母+y”结尾的：y变i,再加-er/-est early（2）大部分双音节词：在形容词前加more/most（3）不规则：good better bestmany/much more mostbad/ill worse worstlittle less leastold older/elder oldest/eldestfar farther/further farthest/furthest2. 形容词比较级的句子结构以及注意事项：(1) 基本结构：形容词比较级+ thanTom is taller than Ken. Tom is faster than Ken.(2) Tom is 11 centimeters taller than Ken.Tom is a little taller than Ken.常与形容词比较级连用的表示比较的程度的副词有：much, far, a lot, a little, a bit, even(3) Tom is older than Ken.Tom’s book is older than Ken’s.在比较级中，只有同类事物才能进行比较。

(4) More and more people know the fact.(越来越多)Computers are becoming lighter and lighter.(越来越轻)形容词比较级用and连接，表示“越来越…”(5) The more…, the more… 越…,越…The more meat you eat, the fatter you will be.The more books you read, the more intelligent you will be.3. 形容词最高级的句子结构：形容词最高级+ of/in …:Peter is the tallest of all the boys. Peter is the tallest in his class.形容词比较级练习一、写出下列形容词的比较级和最高级。

★思维导图★语法：形容词（副词）比较级和最高级一般来说，中文意思是“……的”的词是形容词，而中文意思是“……地”的词是副词。

形容词和副词的比较级和最高级是小升初考试的重点之一。

一. 形容词:1. 概述: 形容词是用以修饰名词或某些代词,表示人或事物的性质,特征或状态的. eg: This is a small noon.多个形容词作定语一般遵循下面的规则:限(冠词, 物主代词, 指示代词, 数词等) 观(描述)形(大小, 形状等)龄(年龄, 新旧等)色(色彩)国(国籍, 出处等)二. 副词: 表示行为特征或性状的词叫副词, 副词主要用来修饰动词, 形容词,副词或其他结构.副词的基本特征①副词是表示行为或状态特征的词，在句子中属于修饰性词类。

②大多数副词是用形容词加后缀－ly构成的。

Eg: quickly slowly bravely以-y结尾的形容词，现将y改成i，再加-ly。

Eg: happy-----happilyangry-----angrily有些副词没有特殊词尾。

Eg: late, often, here, quite, never, very③有些副词与形容词形式相同。

Eg: late, early, high, long, fast④只有可以分成比较级的副词才能有比较级和最高级形式，eg: fast ,easily等。

像only, really, here, there则不可能有比较级，因为它们是不可分级的。

一、形容词、副词比较级和最高级的意义英语中的形容词和副词，在句子里表示“比较……”、“最……”时，要用特别的形式，即：比较级和最高级。

原来的形式称为原级。

如：long longer longest原级比较级最高级1．The black pen is very long. 黑色的钢笔很长。

2．The blue pen is longer than the black one. 蓝色的钢笔比黑色的长。

PeriodFour Grammar—ThePresentPerfectPassiveVoice感知以下课文原句，完成方框下的小题1．Over time I have been changed quite a lot.2．First as a PC (personal computer) and then as a laptop，I have been used in offices and homes since the 1970s.3．Over time my memory has developed so much that，like an elephant，I never forget anything I have been told!4．Since the 1970s many new applications have been found for me.5．I have also been put into robots and used to make mobile phones as well as help with medical operations.1．以上几句中所使用的时态和语态是现在完成时的被动语态。

2．现在完成时的被动语态的构成为：have/hasbeen＋过去分词。

现在完成时的被动语态表示到现在为止某事已经被完成或被做。

这种语法项目既要表示现在已经完成又要表示被动的含义，因此很多同学在具体运用当中容易顾此失彼，难以把握。

运用现在完成时的被动语态时应掌握以下几个问题：1．构成现在完成时的被动语态的构成为：have/hasbeen＋过去分词。

2．各种句式肯定式主语＋have/hasbeendone...否定式主语＋have/hasnotbeendone...一般疑问式Have/Has＋主语＋beendone...？特殊疑问式特殊疑问词＋have/has＋主语＋beendone...？3.使用的场合(1)表示一个被动的动作发生在说话之前，强调对现在造成的影响或结果。

unit3 各部分知识点学习Reading一、词汇讲解1. In the 1940s, the first computers were bigger than cars.在20世纪40年代，第一批电脑比小汽车还要大。

in the 1940s意思是“在20世纪40年代”，它还可以表示为in the 1940’s。

同样的，“在19世纪70年代”可以写为in the 1870s。

2. You may be unaware of them. 你可能没有察觉到他们。

unaware，形容词，“没意识到；未察觉”的意思，常用的搭配有be unaware of sth.。

unaware 是由词缀un-和aware构成。

aware，形容词，“察觉到；发觉”的意思。

e.g. At that moment, many people were unaware of the coming of the earthquake.在那时，很多人都没有意识到地震即将到来。

3. In addition, computer can do important jobs like operating railways and flying planes and spaceships.此外，电脑能做重要的工作，例如：控制铁路和操纵飞机和飞船。

（1）in addition意思是“除……之外（还）”，用于句首时，其后常用逗号与句子分隔。

e.g. In addition, students can use computers in the library.此外，学生能在图书馆使用电脑。

（2）like，介词，意思是“例如、比方”，常用于举例。

e.g. I love doing sports like playing basketball and football.我喜欢做运动，如打篮球和足球。

4. What will happen to us if computer can do all our jobs?如果计算机能做所有我们的工作，什么事会发生在我们身上呢？happen to sb./sth.意思是“遭到；遇到”。

Section Ⅳ Grammar课时跟踪训练(3－4)基础夯实Ⅰ.用所给词的适当形式填空1．More than 100 famous films ______________________(show) in the city since July.2．Since your work ____________________________(finish), you can have a rest now.3．How many cars ______________________(make) in the factory since 1990?4．Three new schools ____________________(open) in our city in the past five years.5．It's the first time that the old computer __________________(check) since I bought it.6．Great changes ____________(take) place in my hometown and you can see that a lot of factories ________________(set) up.7．—We want to sit at the table near the window.—I'm sorry, but it ________________(take) already.8．It's said that the bridge __________________(close) for repairs for months.答案1．have been shown 2.has been finished3．have been made 4.have been opened5．has been checked 6.have taken；have been set7．has been taken 8.has been closedⅡ.单句改错1．Can you give me some advice on what to deal with the difficulty?________2．He has been ill for a long time, as a result of, his heart is slightly damaged.________3．You may not agree, but personal she is a very good girl.________4．The Great Wall is such well known a tourist attraction that millions of people pour in every year.________5．Don't be too hard on your daughter. In all，she is only a child.________6．With time went by, the weather got colder.________7．It won't be long before we will know the result of the experiment.________8．In the way, I'm glad you made that mistake, for it will serve as a warning to you.________答案1．what→how或deal→do2．去掉of3．personal→personally4．such→so5．In→After6．With→As或went→going7．去掉will8．the→aⅢ.根据提示词补全句子1．不要让椅子挡路，小孩子会绊倒的。

《形容词比较级最高级的用法》教案The teaching content：Unit 3 Grammar: Use comparative superlative adjectiveThe teaching goals:Knowledge and skills:1、To master the structure of the comparative and superlative adjectives2、Remember to use comparative and superlative adjectives irregular change: good well many much bad badly little farEmotional attitude values: Through independent learning and cooperative learning, improve the students' interest in learning English grammar, and obtain some learning achievement Teaching focus:1、To master the structure of the comparative and superlative adjectives2、 Be able to use comparative and superlative adjectivesto compare thingsTeaching difficulties :1、 Be able to use comparative and superlative adjectives to compare things2、Be able to skillfully use in daily communication thecomparative and superlative adjectivesTeaching tools :Recorder The projectorTeaching process:Step1 、Warming upGreeting: Good morningHow are you today?Who's on duty today ?Is everyone here today ?Step2、Lead–in1、Three students called to the front of the classroom, and introduce them to the studentsT: Zhang Jing is tall.Shanshan is taller than zhangjingXiaoke is taller than ShanshanXiaoke is the tallest of the threeT: Zhang Jing is shorter .Shanshan is shorter than zhangjingXiaoke is t shorter than ShanshanXiaoke is the shortest of the three2、T ：The teacher takes out three apples, and introduce to the students.The red apple is bigThe green apple is bigger than the red oneThe yellow apple is bigger than the green oneThe yellow apple is the biggest of the three apples1、Students read aloud, understand the sentence meaningStep3、Cooperation inquiry1、Watch the change of the following words by reading the sentencestall－taller－the tallestshort－shorter－the shortestbig－bigger－the biggest2、Projection to show the change of the five groups of adjectives. Students to observe and work out the rule in groupsa. cold —colder —coldest tall —taller —tallesthigh —higher —highest long —longer —longestb. nice —nicer —nicest late —later —latestfine —finer —finest wide —wider l —widestc. big —bigger —biggest hot —hotter —hottestwet — wetter —wettest thin —thinner —thinnestd. easy — easier — easiest early — earlier —earliest funny — funnier — funniest happy — happier —happieste. interesting－ more interesting－ the most interestingimportant － more important－ the most importantcareful － more careful－ the most carefulpopular－ more popular－ the most popular3、After discussing.Students inductive The change of the comparative and superlative of adjectives(projection) Adjectives Comparative forms superlative formsA single syllable adjectives 大多数单音节+er +est以-e结尾 +r +st一个元音+一个辅音双写辅音字母，再+er 双写辅音字母，再+est以-y或-ly结尾去掉y,再+ier 去掉y,再+iest Many syllables adjectives 含三个或三个以上音节 More+ adjectives Most+ adjectivesThe comparative and the superlative forms of some adjectives are irregular.Adjectives Comparative forms superlative formsgood(well) better The bestMany(much) more mostBad(badly) worse worstfar farther farthestfurther furthestlittle less leastStep4、Display and inspiration.1、Students Imitate the practice With the people and things around in pairsZhang Jing is tall.Shanshan is taller than zhang jingXiaoke is taller than ShanshanXiaoke is the tallest of the three2、Complete the conversation below on page40 with the comparative of the adjectives from the box3、Complete the conversation on page41 and discuss the answerStep4、Summary :Key tip：The use of the comparative degree：(Projection display)Formula(口诀)Adjectives, level 3（形容词，有三级）The original level, comparative and superlative.（原级，比较级，最高级）A single is the original level.（单独一个用原级）Both comparative（两者要用比较级）There are (than) the comparison.（有than要用比较级）Three or more than three is the highest（三者或三者以上最高级）Much (a little . even. Far .a lot )modify comparative （Much (a little . even. Far .a lot 修饰比较级) Before you put the highest（最高级前要有the）As the as clip original level(as…as夹原级)Step5、 consolidate practices（一）、单项选择（Individual choice）1. I feel tired, so I want to go to bed ____ tonight.A. earlyB. earlierC. lateD. later2. The food of our country is ___ than that of western countries.A. rather good thanB. much better thanC. more better than D so good as3. The ice in the lake is as ____ as it was before.A. thinB. thinnerC. thinnest D .the thinnest4. Lucy’s pen is ___ nicer than yours.A. tooB. moreC. quiteD. a little5..—How are you today? —Much ____.A. goodB. wellC. betterD. the best6.. Tom’s card is newer than ____.A. ourB. herC. mineD. his7.___ is more beautiful than roses.A. No other flowerB. No another flowerC. Not other flowerD. Not all flowers（二）、Fill in the blanks with the proper words 1．He is 3 times as _____(old) as me.2．I’m too tired to go any _________.(far)3. Tom is the _______(heavy) of the three.4. Russia is _______(large) than any other country in the world.5. His computer is the _______________(expensive) of all.6. You are pretty ___________(beautiful).7. The book is ____________(useful) than that one.8.You have _______(short) and ______(curly) hair than Susan.9.You’re _______(bad) at sports than me.10.It’s the third _______ (long) river in China.（三）Complete the following sentences1. I have a big bag. He has a small bag.(合并)My bag is _____ than ______.2. You are funny. He’s funny, too. (合并)You are ______ funny _____ him.3. Tom is thinner than Sam.(同义句)=Sam is ______ than Tom.=Sam isn’t as ______ as Tom.4. He is outgoing. I am outgoing ,too. (合并)He is _____outgoing _____ I.5. They’re tall. You’re tall， Too. But I’m taller than anyone else.(合并)I’m _____ ______ of all.Step6、Check the answersMultimedia display the answers on the screen.Students Check the answers.Discuss the wrong answers ancorrect .Teachers to evaluate students' practice feedback.The keys:(一）、1.B 2.B 3.A 4.D 5.C 6.C 7.A(二）1.old 2.farther 3.heaviest rger5. Most expensive6. Beautiful7.more useful 8.shorter,curlier9.worse 10.longest(三）1.bigger,his 2. as……as 3.fatter,fat4.as……as5.the tallestStep7、Summary教学反思：本节课是一节语法课，为了把枯燥乏味的语法教学讲的生动有趣，充分调动学生学习语法的积极性。