北京小升初英语考点详解第一讲

小升初考前冲刺英语课程阅读理解语法知识︵三︶语法知识︵一︶语法知识︵二︶目录完型填空语法知识︵四︶第一讲语法知识名词、冠词、数词、代词一、名词（一）可数名词可数名词有单、复数两种形式。

单数用原形，复数形式通常是在单数形式后加“-s”构成1.规则变化❶一般单词，词尾加-s❷词尾为s，sh，ch，x，词尾加-es❸词尾为f，fe，变f，fe为v 加-es，少数词在词尾加-s❹词尾为y，辅音字母+y 结尾的词，变y 为i加-es❺元音字母+y 结尾的词，在词尾加-s❻词尾为o.一般情况，有生命的词尾加-es，无生命的加s.。

口诀：英雄和黑人在火山上种土豆和西红柿。

2.不规则变化❶变内部元音字母如man-men foot-feet mouse-mice tooth-teeth❷词尾加en,如child-children ox-oxen❸由man，woman 和另外一个名词构成的词组，两部分都变复数，如man writer-men writers（常考点）（二）不可数名词需要计量时，要用量词，变复数时，通常把量词变为复数，后面的不可数名词用原形。

结构：数词或冠词+量词(s)+of+不可数名词。

例如：a bottle of milk→two bottles of milk冠词修饰名词，分为定冠词和不定冠词。

（一）定冠词the的用法1.特指某（些）人或某（些）事物The book on the desk is an English dictionary.2.指说话人和听话人都熟悉的人或事物Open the door, please3.上文提到过的人或事物Yesterday John’s father bought him a new bike. The bike cost him 200 Yuan.4.表示世界上独一无二的事物The sun is bigger than the moon.5.用在序数词和形容词最高级之前Shanghai is the biggest city in China.6.用在某些形容词之前，表示某一些人或事物The nurse is kind to the sick.7.用在姓氏复数之前，表示“某某一家人”，“某某夫妇”The Browns have been in China for over two years. 8.用在某些专用名词之前和某些习惯用语中the Great Wall in the morning in the open air（二）不定冠词a/an的用法（常考点）1.单词：看单词的首字母，大部分情况，元音字母在单词中发元音，只有u；大部分辅音字母发辅音，有时辅音字母不发音，需要注意。

小升初英语总复习[北京版]1. 语法知识复英语语法是英语研究的基础，学生需要熟练掌握各种语法规则和句型结构。

在这部分内容中，我们将回顾以下几个重要的语法知识点：- 名词：单数和复数形式、所有格等。

- 代词：人称代词、物主代词、反身代词等。

- 动词：时态、语态、不规则动词等。

- 形容词和副词：比较级和最高级形式等。

- 介词：介词短语的用法和意义。

- 句子结构：肯定句、否定句、疑问句等。

2. 词汇积累和拓展词汇是英语研究中的重要组成部分，拥有丰富的词汇量将使学生更加流利地进行交流。

在本部分内容中，我们将介绍一些常用的词汇，并通过例句来帮助学生理解和记忆。

- 常用动词和动作词汇。

- 常见名词和物品词汇。

- 形容词和描述词汇。

- 副词和程度词汇。

- 日常生活和环境词汇。

3. 阅读理解和写作练阅读理解和写作是英语研究中培养学生综合运用语言能力的重要环节。

在这一部分内容中，我们将提供一些适合小升初学生的阅读文章，并配以问题和写作练，帮助学生提高阅读理解和写作能力。

- 短篇阅读理解练：理解文章主旨、提取关键信息等。

- 长篇阅读理解练：理解文章结构、推测词义等。

- 写作练：根据所给提示写一篇短文、根据图片进行描述等。

4. 听力训练和口语练听力和口语是英语研究中培养学生听说能力的重要环节。

在这一部分内容中，我们将提供一些适合小升初学生的听力材料，并配以听力理解和口语练，帮助学生提高听力和口语水平。

- 听力材料：包括录音和听力材料文本。

- 听力理解练：根据所听内容回答问题、提取关键信息等。

- 口语练：根据所听内容进行对话、描述等。

5. 知识点梳理和总结在研究过程中，我们将对每个知识点进行梳理和总结，帮助学生更好地理解和记忆所学的英语知识。

同时，我们也会提供一些研究技巧和方法，让学生更有效地进行研究和复。

6. 研究资料和参考书目为了帮助学生更好地进行英语研究和复，我们将提供一些研究资料和参考书目，包括教材、练册、参考书等。

目录小升初英语专题一名词 (2)2.人种复数规则 (2)课堂同步练习 (3)一．写出下列名词复数的形式 (3)二．单项选择 (3)三．填入所给名词的正确形式 (4)小学英语动词变形表 (4)动词专项练习题 (12)一、按要求写单词 (12)二、选词填空 (13)三、单项选择 (13)四、用动词的正确时态填空 (14)六、圈出下列句子中的错误之处，并在题后横线上改正 (14)小升初英语分班测试知识总结 (15)1. 你的性别，年龄。

(23)2. 你的爱好。

(23)3. 你喜欢哪些学科。

/你为何喜欢这些学科? (23)4. 你父母的职业。

等等。

(23)1.A 2. B 3. B 4. C 5. D (23)二按要求写出相应的单词(5%) (23)三. 选择填充(10%) (24)四.情景匹配。

(10%) (24)五.用括号内所给单词的正确形式填充。

(10%) (24)六按要求写句子(10%) (24)七.下面的句子都有一处错误，请在错误处划线，并在横线上改正。

(5%) (24)八.根据上下文完成下列对话。

(10%) (24)九.阅读理解。

(10%) (24)十.完形填充。

(10%) (24)十一.写作。

(10%) (24)小升初英语专题一名词一、部分不规则的名词复数1.口诀：中日警察好友来聚会，鹿、羊、鱼、牛齐齐把家回。

解释：Chinese, Japanese ,police，people， deer, sheep, fish，cattle 但除人民币的元、角、分外，美元、英镑、法郎等都有复数形式。

如：a dollar, two dollars; a meter, two meters。

2.人种复数规则在英语名词复数中，表示（某）国人的名词复数有些加S,有些又不加，学生常常会出错。

这里有一条顺口溜就能帮助学生解决这一问题。

它是：“中日瑞不变，英法都要变，其他国人加S。

如Chinese--Chinese, Japanese--Japanese,Swiss--Swiss Englishman--Englishmen, American--Americans German--Germans.3.极少数单词，其复数形式没有任何规律。

第一讲：名词一、【考点解读】名词是人类认识事物所使用的基本词汇，是用来表示人、事物、地方、现象或抽象概念的名称的词。

在句中可以作主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语、称呼语等。

小升初的考点主要集中在名词的分类判断和名词的修饰成分上面。

二、【知识讲解】知识点1——名词的分类和可数名词的单复数一、名词的种类名词是用来表示人名、地名、事物名称及其抽象概念的词类。

名词普通名词可数名词具体名词 抽象名词 不可数名词例:book, student 例：colour, message 具体名词 抽象名词例：rice, sugar 例：work, advicethief-thieves chief-chiefs以字母o结尾的名词大部分加s 一般读/z/ zoo-zooskangaroo-kangaroosphoto--photospiano--pianoshero—heroesmango—mangoestomato—tomatoes,potato—potatoes,Negro—Negroes（黑人）zero-zeros/es不规则变化的名词tooth—teeth foot—feet goose---geeseman—men woman—women mouse—micechild—children ox—oxen（公牛）单复数形式相同sheep—sheep deer—deer ,fish一fish（指鱼的条数时）fish—fishes（指鱼的种类时)只以复数形式出现scissors（剪刀）trousers（长裤）shorts（短裤）jeans（牛仔裤）compasses（圆规或指南针）scales（天平）sunglasses（太阳镜）surroundings（环境）savings（储蓄）writings（作品）people cattle police以s结尾，但永远表示单数形式的单词可数：maths physics clothes means 例： a means(一种方式）不可数：news 例：a piece of news复合名词变复数以man或woman为前缀的复合名词变复数，前后两个名词都变复数，例: man servant → men servants, woman doctor→ women doctors.但以其他名词前缀的复合名词只需要变后面的名词为复数。

第一讲英文字母二、书写注意事项1、字母要按一定的笔划顺序书写，每个字母稍向右倾斜（约为5°），斜度要一致。

2、大写字母都占上面两格。

小写字母b，d，h，k，l占上面两格。

3、字母的笔顺一笔完成的字母：大写：C G J L O S V W Z 小写：a b c d e g h k l m n o q r s u v w y z两笔完成的字母：大写：B D K M P Q R T U X Y 小写：f i j p t x三笔完成的字母：大写：A E F H I N 小写：无三、相关拓展1、元音字母：辅音字母：2、能单独充当单词的字母：3、写出含有相同音素（元音发音相同）的字母：4、与单词同音的字母：Bb-- Cc-- Ii-- Oo-- Pp--Qq-- Rr-- Tt-- Uu-- Yy--5、使用最多的字母是e,使用最少的字母是z。

6、与字母有关的常见缩略词HB CDBBC NBAVOA SOSUN US/USAUK PRCUFO CCTVS M L PHK ID RMBPLA CCP IOCWTO WHO IRCVIP CIA FBIa.m. p.m. km m cm mmAD BC IQ PC UNESCO学有所用一、判断下面各组字母是否含有相同的读音（用T或F表示）。

A K ( ) R I ( ) G J ( ) p g t ( ) c d e ( )B V ( ) F M( ) Q O ( ) S T( ) M H ( )L F ( ) Q W( ) X Y ( )Aa, Hh ( ) Cc, Dd( ) Gg, Aa( ) Bb, Hh( ) Ee, Ff( )二、找出与所给字母含有相同元音音素的选项。

1、e A.f B.h C.a D.c2、b A.f B.a C.h D.g3、h A.b B.a C.f D.g4、a A.c B.j C.f D.b5、f A.Helen B.a C.Grace D.c三、找出一个字母元音部分与其他三个不同的一项，写在前面的括号中。

课程内容考点点拨： 1. 掌握词汇用法、重点短语句型；2. 掌握基本语法点的运用。

(一)重点动词短语、句型1. They are talking their teacher now.A. ofB. withC. onD. at2. ---Would you like ? ---Some bread , please.A. to eatB. to drinkC. something to eatD. something to drink3. We must the old.A. loot atB. look forC. look afterD. look like4. Does Bobby want home?A. goB. goesC. to goD. going5. Mother .A. enjoy watching TVB. works hereC. like itD. interested it6. Some of us like very much.A. swimmingB. swimC. runningD. play games7. What about ?A. eat some applesB. to play a gameC. having a restD. yours famil8. Some boys of Class One enjoy music.A. listen toB. listens toC. listening toD. listened to9. Stop basketball. It ’s time for class.A. playB. to playC. playingD. plays10. I usually my holiday in my hometown.A. spendB. takeC. playD. cost11. It ’s fine today, so we decide a picnic in the park.A. to haveB. hadC. havingD. have12. When the teacher came into the classroom, she found some students loudly.A. talkedB. talkingC. to talk13. Helping others can make usvery happy.A. to feelB. feelingC. feel14. He has a quick breakfast at 6:30, and then he school at about 6:50.考点解析1A. goesB. wentC. leaves for16. – How long does it you to get to school?-- About 20 minutes.A. takesB. takeC. took17. Let’s and play basketball in the playground.A. goB. to goC. going18. Here’s my little cat. Please it while I’m not at home.A. look afterB. look upC. look for19. On Sunday morning I helped my mother the cooking.A. doB. didC. does20. The doctor often tells him ____ more exercise.A. to takeB. takingC. takenD. take21. I'm very glad _____ you.A. seeB. to seeC. seeingD. to seeing22. _______ your new sweater _________ me, please.A. Show, toB. Give, forC. Have, forD. Shows, to23. Thanks ______ your present.A. ofB. fromC. forD. to24. --- Where is my pencil? --- I can't ______ it.A. look atB. findC. look for25. Do you have enough time ____ __ reading the book?A. finishB. to finishC. finishingD. finished(二)时态1. --- Is this dog yours?-- No, mine there behind the door.A. is sleepingB. sleptC. sleeps2. - What did you do last night?-- I did my homework and _____ TV.A. watchB. watchedC. will watchD. am watching3. The Whites _____ many places of interest since they came to China.A. have visitedB. will visitC. visitedD. visit4. _______ it often _________ in winter?A. Do; snowB. Does; snowsC. Do; snowsD. Does; snow5. A: What ___________ you ___________ do today, Nancy?B: I'm going to see a movie with my family.A. do; going toB. are; going toC. do; toD. are; want6. They __________ there just now.A. wereB. areC. wasD. is7. Li Hong _____ TV for two hours every evening.A. watchB. watchesC. watched8. Ben and I _______ some flowers last week.A. plantB. plantedC. plantingD. plants9. - What ______ he do? - He _______ pears on the farm.A. does, pickB. did, picksC. does, pickedD. did, picked10. I ______ a kite and _____ it on the wall yesterday.A. maked; putedB. made; putC. made; puted11. ----- Where are your parents ?----- They ________ in the supermarket.A. shopB. go shoppingC. are shopping12. ---Where is your father?-- He ____ ____ Shanghai. He ’ll be back in five days.A. goes toB. has been toC. has gone toD. went to13. She with his friends at this time yesterday.A. watched TVB. watched TVC. watchingD. was watching一( ) 1. It's hot _____ summer in Beijing.A. byB. onC. atD. in( ) 2. I met Kate on _____ way home yesterday.A. myB. meC. hisD. him( ) 3. Bruce, look at your dirty shoes. You'd better _____ them right now.A. washedB. washingC. washD. to wash( ) 4. - Can you sing the song in English?-- No, I ____.A. may notB. mustn'tC. needn'tD. can't( ) 5. The doctor often tells him ____ more exercise.A. to takeB. takingC. takenD. take( ) 6. - What did you do last night?-- I did my homework and _____ TV .A. watchB. watchedC. will watchD. am watching( ) 7. The Whites _____ many places of interest since they came to China.A. have visitedB. will visitC. visitedD. visit( ) 8. I'm hungry. Please bring me some ______.A. kitesB. desksC. boxes C. cakes( ) 9. Most of the children enjoy ______ computer games.A. playB. playingC. played C. to play( ) 10. This is Miss Gao. She _____ your new teacher.A. beB. amC. isD. are二1. Eric is a kind boy. He likes to help______ classmates.A. herB. hisC. itsD. your2. I watched the Super Brain______March28th.A.inB.atC. onD. to3. Jennifer often______ some housework after school.A. didB. doesC. will doD. is doing4. Carla asked us ______the magic club yesterday.巩固练习A. joinB. joinC. to joinD. joining5. The two brothers are really different. One is quiet, ______is active.A. otherB. othersC. anotherD. the other6.--Excuse me, _______ you show me around the college?--Sorry, I’m new here.A. canB. mayC. mustD. need7. Tim runs as ______ as his brother.A. fastB. fasterC. fastestD. the fastest8. I called you last night, but you______ a meeting at that time.A. have hadB. will haveC. are havingD. were having9. I felt hungry when I got home, ______I made myself a sandwich.A.soB. orC. butD. for10.-----Li Na, the great tennis player.A. HowB. WhoC. WhatD. Where11.--Where is Tina? Ms.White is looking for her.--She ______ the playground.A. went toB. goes toC. will go toD. has gone to12. If you ______ , you will fail in the exam.A. work hardB. will work hardC. don’t work hardD. won’t hard13.--Do you know ______ the graduation photo?--Next Thursday.A. when we tookB. when did we takeC. when we will takeD. when will we take三( ) 1. Here are some flowers _______ our best wishes.A. toB. withC. forD. of( ) 2. -- Where is _______?-- September the tenth.A. Teacher's DayB. The Teacher' DayC. The Teacher's DayD. Teacher's Day ( ) 3. This is Susan King. We usually call her ______.A. Miss SusanB. Mrs SusanC. Miss KingD. Mr Susan( ) 4. -- ________ are you going there?-- On foot.A. WhereB. WhyC. HowD. What( ) 5. What are you going to do _______ this afternoon?A. inB. onC. /D. at( ) 6. I'm going to _______ Uncle Wang ________ Tuesday.A. look at; /B. see; /C. see; onD. watch; on( ) 7. She can't ride a bike. She ______ school on foot.A. must get toB. has to get toC. has to go to( ) 8. Granny Li often ______ the children stories.A. speaksB. talksC. tellsD. says( ) 9. The shop is about ______ away from here.A. two hundred metersB. two hundreds metersC. two hundred meterD. two hundreds meter( ) 10. -- I'm sorry. I can't help you with your English.-- Thank you _______.A. very muchB. all the timeC. at allD. of course一. 单项填空1. Mr. Wang is _________ excellent teacher. Everybody loves him.A. aB. anC. theD. /2. My cousin gave _______ a cute teddy bear for my birthday.A. IB. myC. meD. mine3. ---It ’s a nice day, _______? ---Yes, it is.A. isn ’t itB. is itC. has itD. hasn ’t it4. People like hamsters _________ they are nice and interesting.A. soB. andC. butD. because5. --- _____ should I get my mom for Mother ’s Day?---Why don ’t you get her a scarf.?A. WhoB. WhatC. WhenD. How6. –Alison, how long have you been skating?- I have been skating ________ nine o ’clock.A. forB. atC. sinceD. from7. Tom did __________ in math this year than last year.A. goodB. wellC. bestD. better8. --- I didn ’t go to the Disneyland in Hong Kong last year.--- Me, ______A. neitherB. eitherC. alsoD. too9. This dictionary was very cheap and it only ____ me twelve dollars.A. spentB. usedC. paidD. cost10. –Would you mind _______ your bike? –No, not at all.A. movingB. to moveC. moveD. moved11. He ________ down the street when the accident happened.A. walksB. walkedC. was walkingD. is walking12. Sorry, I don ’t have enough time ________ with you today.A. playB. to playC. playingD. played13. –Where is John?–He ___to the library. He ’ll come back soon.A. has goneB. has beenC. wentD. was going14. -- _____ you please wash the dishes?–Ok, I ’ll do them in a minute.A. MayB. MustC. CouldD. Should15. Excuse me, Sir, Can you tell me __________?A. how we got to the zooB. how can we get to the zoo综合练习1C. how did we get to the zooD. how we can get to the zoo阅读词汇学习与记忆：1. die [daɪ]2. enter ['entə]3. save [seɪv]4. return [rɪ'tɜːn]5. luck [lʌk] lucky luckily （—ly 构词法）6. be able to7. suddenly ['sʌd(ə)nlɪ]8. disease [dɪ'ziːz]9. weak [wiːk]10. hopeless ['həʊplɪs] (-less 构词法)11. give up12. laugh at13. follow ['fɒləʊ]14. probably ['prɒbəblɪ]15. mind [maɪnd]16. fail [feɪl]17. discover [dɪ'skʌvə]18. notice ['nəʊtɪs]19. imagine [ɪ'mædʒɪn]20. believe [bɪ'liːv]21. regard as [ri'ɡɑ:d]22. reason ['riːz(ə)n]23. kill [kɪl]24. alone [ə'ləʊn]二. 完型填空When I was in my first year of middle school, my father died. And my mother was ill just after I entered high school. I had to ___1____ going to school because my mother had to money to pay my school bills. We began to work in people’s gardens to save up money for me to back to school. ____2_____, I returned to school. Unluckily, my mother died the next year. And my ___3___went dark. I asked my headmaster if I could work for the ___4___ this summer vacation, so I could pay my bills. He was a nice man and let me work in the school garden during the ____5_____. I had not been able to study well because of my mother’s death. At the end of my second year, I ____6______ most of my exams and the teacher told me I had to repeat the year. After another summer working in the school garden, I went ____7___ to lessons again,. But suddenly I fell ill. Because of my disease I was weak and couldn’t work at school. I was hopeless. My headmaster told me not to give up. And my teachers and classmates ____8_____ me a lot. Now, I’m feeling better and will finish my third year. My life is still not ____9___. A few students laugh at my poor clothes. They also call me “farmer”because I work in the school garden. But I ____10____ hard days will always be followed by sunshine.1. A. stop B. start C. keep D. finish2. A. Especially B. Probably C. Finally D. Usually3. A. mind B. world C. heart D. family4. A. school B. zoo C. park D. museum5. A. afternoon B. year C. weekends D. holidays6. A. passed B. took C. failed D. had7. A. along B. back C. down D. up8. A. helped B. gave C. worried D. taught9. A. terrible B. hard C. easy D. difficult10. A. discover B. imagine C. notice D. believe三.阅读理解(A)Happy Days ClubFor Young People From 12 –18 years14 Barrett Road 5 minutes from town centreGames-music-dancing and lots moreEvery Friday 7:30 pm –10:30pmParker’s Sweet Shop29 Milton StreetTry our famous chocolate. Eggs and sugar hears Just $1 a week Prices lower than in other shopsOpen Monday-Saturday 9am-5amInternational LibraryOver 100 Foreign newspapers and magazines, Books, CDs and videosMagazine Monday- Saturday 9:30am-6:00pmPainting CompetitionFor young people 8-16 years oldPaint a picture of an animal. Send it to: 12 High Street New England House, Museum StreetEntrance Free Young ArtistBefore 14 September And win a bicycle!1. What does Parker’s Sweet Shop sell?A. BooksB. ChocolateC. PicturesD. CDs2. What time does Happy Days Club open?A. 9:00 amB. 9:30 amC. 7:30 pmD. 10:30 pm3. What should you paint if you want to take part in the painting competition?A. An eggB. A girlC.A bicycleD. An animal(B)In Canada you can find dogs, horses, etc., in almost every family. These are their pets. People love these pets and regard them as their good friends. Before they keep them at their houses, they take them to animal hospital to give them injection (注射) so that they won’t catch disease (疾病). They have special animal food stores, though they can get animal food in almost every store. Some people spend around two hundred Canadian dollars a month on animal food. When you visit people’s homes, they would be very glad to show you their pets and they are very proud of them. You will also find almost every family has a bird feeder in their garden. All kinds of birds are welcomed to come and have a good meal. They are free to come and go and nobody is allowed to kill any animals in Canada. They have a law against killing wild animals. If you killed an animal, you would be punished (惩罚). Senior (old) people in Canada have many reasons to like animals. One of them might be their family lie is not as close as ours. When children grow up, they leave their parents and start their own career (事业), then the seniorswill feel lonely. And pets can solve this problem. They can be good friends and never leave them alone.1. The passage mainly tells us people in Canada ________________.A. like to keep pets at homeB. spend a lot of money on petsC. think killing pets is against the lawD. enjoy showing pets to their friends2. People give pets injection to make them not __________________.A. run awayB. hurt peopleC. get illD. eat much3. The underlined word “feeder”refers to ___________________.A. something to keep the birdsB. a person who feeds the birdsC. something to put food in for birdsD. a person who sells bird food4. Old people like to keep pets because ____________.A. pets cost less moneyB. pets are quiet and cleanC. pets are easy to take care ofD. pets can make good companies用所给动词的适当形式填空。

小升初考点：一．形容词性物主代词名词性口诀：我的留头全都变其他“ｓ”加后面已有“ｓ”更简单，别人都变我不变。

形容词性物主代词必须和名词连用，名词性物主代词单独使用。

二．冠词：ａ，an，the三．时间介词in，on，at长时间用in具体到日用on具体到时间点用at四．过去进行时标志词：过去的时间点＋过去时间构成：was / were＋doing五．并列句and 并列关系：和、同时、并且but 转折关系：但是so 因果关系：所以or 条件关系、选择关系：否则、要不然、或者六．be good at 擅长 后面加名词、动名词、人称代词宾格be interested in 对……感兴趣I am interested in the book.reading the book. him.七．被动语态 be ＋ done八．四朵金花1.spend （花掉）人＋spend ＋ 时间 ＋on sth金钱 in doing sth（in 可省略） 2.pay （支付） ：人＋pay 钱数 for sth3.cost （耗费） ：物 ＋ cost ＋人＋钱数4.take （花费） ：It takes ＋时间 ＋ to do sth九．两者 ： both 两个都either 二者之一neither 二者都不十．宾语从句：时代照应，语序正常，事实真理永不变。

I know Millia.I know that Millia is lovely.十一．特殊疑问词How many 多少＋可数名词How much 多少＋不可数名词How soon 多久之后（回答in＋一段时间）How long 多长（时间长度）How far 多远十二．最高级标志词in构成the ＋最高级one of the ＋最高级in 范围最……之一十三．。

第1讲可数名词一、定义名词是表示人或事物名称的词。

它既可以表示具体的东西，也可以是表示抽象的东西。

二、分类1. 名词可以根据意义分为普通名词和专有名词如：john is a studentstudent是普通名词，john是专有名词普通名词前可以用不定冠词a/an, 定冠词the 或不加冠词，专有名词前一般不加冠词，专有名词的首字母要大写。

2. 普通名词又可以分为个体名词、集体名词、物质名词和抽象名词，其中个体名词与集体名词是可数名词，物质名词和抽象名称是不可数名词。

3. 专有名词专有名词是表示人名、地名、团体、机构、组织等的专有名词，多为独一无二的事物。

三、名词的数1、名词分为可数名词和不可数名词。

可数名词——可以数的名词不可数名词——数不清（没有复数）drink milk tea water orange juice coke coffee porridgefood rice bread meat fish fruit cake dumplings2、可数名词与不定冠词a(an)连用有数数形式，不可数名词不能与不定冠词a(an)连用，没有复数形式many+可数名词复数much/a little+不可数名词some, any , a lot of (lots of) 两者都可以修饰。

3、可数名词可以直接用数词来修饰不可数名词数词+量词+of + 名词对可数名词的数量提问用how many对不可数名词的数量提问用how much4、不可数名词的量有以下两种表示方法：1）some, much ,a little ,a lot of ,a bit of , plenty of 用等表示多少。

注意既可以与可数名词复数，又可以与不可数名词连用的有：plenty of ,some ,a lot of ,lotsof ,most of 等。

如there is much water in the bottle .瓶中有很多水。

目录Lesson One (2)第一讲：代词 (2)第二讲：Be动词 (4)第三讲：名词 (5)第四讲：There be 句型与have, has的用法 (8)第五讲：介词 (11)第六讲：数词 (14)Lesson Two (17)第一讲：一般现在时 (17)第二讲：现在进行时 (20)第三讲：一般将来时 (23)第四讲：一般过去时 (26)第五讲：句型专项归类 (28)第六讲：形容词和副词的比较级 (32)复习资料 (35)Lesson One【知识理解】第一讲：代词人称代词和物主代词一、概念人称代词是指直接指代人或者事物的代词。

在英语有三种人称代词即：第一人称（我；我们），第二人称（你；你们），第三人称（他、她、它；他们、她们、它们）。

根据人称代词在句中所充当的成分可以分为主格人称代词、宾格人称代词。

另外，人称代词有单复数之分，特别是第二人称单复数写法都是一致的。

I’m a student.She teaches me English.His pen is black and mine is blue.区分：1、人称代词主格和宾格的区别：主格通常位于句中第一个动词之前（有时候位于than 之后），宾格一般位于动词或介词之后。

2、物主代词形容词性与名词性的区别：形容词性用时后面一般要带上名词，名词性则单独使用，后面不带名词。

指示代词this（这个）, that（那个）, these（这些）, those（那些）练一练一、用所给词的适当形式填空1. That is not _________ kite. That kite is very small, but _________ is very big. ( I )2. The dress is _________. Give it to _________. ( she )3. Is this _________ watch? (you) No, it’s not _________ . ( I )4. ________is my brother. _______ name is Jack. Look! Those stamps are ________. ( he )5. _________ dresses are red. (we) What color are _________? ( you )6. Here are many dolls, which one is _________ ? ( she )7.I can find my toy, but where’s _________? ( you )8. Show _________ your kite, OK? (they)9. I have a beautiful cat. _________name is Mimi. These cakes are _____. ( it )10. Are these _______ tickets? No, _______ are not _______. ________ aren’t here. ( they )第二讲：Be动词例句：I am a student.You are my best friend. He is my brother.She is my mother.You and I are good friends. We are family. They are friends. The book is mine. The books are mine.口诀：我用am，你用are，is连着他，她，它；单数名词用is，复数名词全用are。

第一讲经典阅读ChocolateMost people like chocolate.They drink it,and eat it as candy or as an ingredient of puddings and cakes. It is a custom in many Western countries for men to give their wives or girlfriends boxes of chocolates as presents.At Easter time,parents give their children large chocolate eggs.Europeans first tasted chocolate in 1519 when the Spaniards invaded Mexico.It was then part of the Aztec Empire.The emperor Montezuma welcomed the Spanish general,Cortez,with a chocolate drink.He called the d rink “chocolate”which means warm liquid.Chocolate comes form the cocoa bean which grows on the cacao tree.Cortez and his men took some of these beans back to Spain with them and it was not long before the drink become popular throughout Europe.The manufacture of chocolate from the cocoa bean is a long process. The beans are dried,then roasted. After rosting the beans are cracked,and the shells are blowm away leaving the centre of the beans,which is 53﹪cocoa butter.It is from this that chocolate is made,and about 25% of every bar of every bar of chocolate is this cocoa butter.Other ingredients are sugar and sometimes vanilla or milk.Word Bankbabean n.豆子，豆类butter n.奶油，黄油custom n.习惯，习俗liquid n.液体cake n.蛋糕popular adj.流行的present n.礼品，礼物emperor n.皇帝taste v.尝ingredients n.配料，成分take v.拿，拿起invade v.侵入，侵略europe n.欧洲manufacture v.制造process n.过程，工序pudding n布丁ESERCISES一、从A,B,C中选择下列问题的答案。

小升初考前精讲英语课程目录CONTENTS 01名词与现在进行时020304冠词与一般现在时代词与一般将来时数介连词与一般过去时05形容词与现在完成时060708情态动词与非谓语动词动词时态与句子种类被动语态与复合句第一讲名词与现在进行时知识点1:名词(一)可数名词：可数名词有单、复数两种形式。

单数用原形，复数通常在单数形式后加“-s”。

特征构成法例词一般单词词尾加-s desk—desks gate—gates 词尾为s，sh，ch，x词尾加-esclass—classes dish—disheswatch—watches box—boxes 词尾为f，fe变f，fe为v加-es knife—knives wolf—wolves少数词在词尾加-s roof—roofs chief—chiefs 词尾为y辅音字母+y结尾的词，变y为i加-escountry—countries family—familiesfactory—factories baby—babies元音字母+y结尾的词，在词尾加-sboy—boys day—dayskey—keys toy—toys词尾为o词尾加-s photo—photos piano—pianos少数词在词尾加-es。

口诀：英雄和黑人在火山上种土豆和西红柿hero—heroes negro—negroesvolcano—volcanoes tomato—tomatoespotato—potatoes 规则变化知识点1:名词不规则变化构成规则例词变内部元音字母man—men woman—women foot—feettooth—teeth goose—geese mouse—mice词尾加-en child—children ox—oxen单复数形式相同sheep—sheep fish—fish deer—deerChinese—Chinese Japanese—Japanese(中日不变，英法变，其他加s)合成名词：主体词改复数形式new comer—new comersgirl student—girl studentspasser by—passers by由man，woman和另外一个名词构成的词组，两部分都变复数man writer—men writerswoman teacher—women teachersgentleman farmer—gentlemen farmers知识点1:名词使用名词单、复数应注意的问题：注意事项❶有些名词通常只有复数形式。

北京市小升初英语知识点及句型汇总一、词类：动词、名词和形容词不太容易区分，如不能一眼看出，可用如下方法：先用“一（量词）”（如：一个、一张等）和这个词连起来说，如说得通，一般认为是名词；说不通再用“很”去判断，就是把“很”和为个词连起来说，说得通一般就是形容词；都说不通就是动词。

（目前我们学过的，以后可能不同）（另外一些很明显的，如人称代词、数词、情态动词等一下就可以知道）1、动词:是指各种动词总称，其中包括行为动词、be动词、情态动词。

（1）行为动词：表示某一动作或行为。

如：sweep、live等。

我们已学过它们的四种形式：原形、+s/es、+ed、+ing，具体判断方法如下：读句子→读该单词→认识该单词→理解意思→看有无be动词A.有:动词就加ing；B.没有：a.看情态动词:有，动词就用原形；b.看有无表示过去的时间状语:有，动词就加ed；c.看主语:是第三人称单数动词就加s或es；C.若是be going to动词就用原形（2）be动词：Am、Is--was Are--were口诀：我用am,你用are,is用在他她它，所有复数全用are。

我们现在学过的be动词大致分两类：A.is、am、are为一类，一般用于一般现在时、现在进行时和一般将来时中。

B.was和were为另一类，一般用于一般过去时。

判断步骤：看有无表示过去的时间状语,有，再看人称。

第一、三人称单数，就用was。

第二人称单数和所有复数，就用were。

没有，再看人称。

第一人称单数，就用am；第三人称单数，就用is；第二人称单数和所有复数就用are。

（3）情态动词：情态动词也是一类特殊的动词，平时我们不把它说成是动词。

情态动词可以和行为动词同时出现在同一个句子中。

我们现在学过的情态动词有：can、must、should、would、may。

接触最多的是can。

情态动词后动词总是用原形。

（不受其他任何条件影响）2、名词：表示某一事物，有具体的和抽象的之分。

英语的学习一、学习的方向二、学习的关键如果你只做你力所能及的事情，你就没办法进步。

So I think, for a learner, the learning habits are the most important, which determine the effect of your study.语法知识体系介词连词冠词a/an,theWow!Three black pigs are eating grass quickly in the forest because they are really hungry.词的分类分类名称缩写意义知识点实词名词n. 事物的名称。

可数不可数，单复数，所有格动词v. 动作或状态。

分类，时态，被动语态，非谓语动词形容词adj. 表示事物的性质或状态。

原级，比较级，最高级副词adv. 修饰动词或形容词，表示程度原级，比较级，最高级代词pron. 指代上边提到过的词。

人称、物主、反身、不定代词数词num. 表示数量和顺序。

基数词和序数词虚词介词prep. 表示时间、空间等逻辑关系。

时间、方位介词连词conj. 连接句子或短语的词。

并列连词和从属连词冠词art. 表泛指或特指。

定冠词和不定冠词感叹词int. 表示语气。

实词是可以做句子成分的，虚词表示逻辑关系。

一、名词1、英语名词可分专有名词和普通名词两大类：1专有名词中实词的第一个字母要如：Beijing, Tom, English,the People’s Republic of China (中华人民共和国) 人名：T om ，P eter ，M r Yang地名：E urope ，N ew York ，P eople ’s S quare 节日、月份、星期：C hristmas ，F ebruary ，S aturday 注意：有些单词字母的大小写不同，词义也不一样。

如： Rose 罗斯（姓名）——rose 玫瑰花 China 中国——china 陶瓷或中国（不特指） 2、普通名词是许多人或事物的共有名称。