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托福听力的备考策略及解题技巧托福听力的备考策略及解题技巧新托福听力是一般是两个部分，每个部分由一段对话和两个讲座，每个部分需要听的录音大约是20分钟，答题时间是10分钟，这样每个部分需要30分钟。
如果遇到加试，加试的一个部分也是由一段对话和两个讲座组成，需要30分钟。
在新托福听力备考中，考生对于新托福听力考试如何备考感到格外茫然。
觉得托福听力语速过快或是掌握不了细节，就算听完了整个段子，但是想要让其回述具体内容，却不知从何说起。
那么我们究竟对听力如何备考呢，下面小编先介绍下新托福听力考试如何备考的策略。
(一)Basic Comprehension Questions 对材料的基本理解1.Gist-Content (内容主旨题，理解讲座或对话的主旨大意)2.Gist-Purpose (目的主旨题，考察对话目的)3.Detail (细节题，听懂并记住讲座或对话中明晰的细节或事实)(二)Pragmatic Understanding Questions 情景理解题1.Understanding the Function of What Is Said (句子功能题，测试是否理解某一句话的功能)2.Understanding the Speaker's Attitude (说话人态度题，考查是否能听出说话人的态度或观点)(三)Connecting Information Questions ----- 整合信息题1.Understanding Organization (组织结构题，识别整个听力材料的结构和听力材料中两个部分之间的关系)2.Connecting Content (连接内容题，考查对材料中各观点之间的关系的理解能力，有时需要根据所听内容来推测)3.Making Inferences (推论题，根据已听到的内容得出结论)对于听力基础较弱的同学，尤其要抓住的就是类--基本理解题。
我们把其中的前两种题型Gist Content(内容主旨题)以及Gist Purpose(目的主旨题)统称为Gist Questions(主旨题)。
lecture的意思用法大全lecture有演讲,训斥，教训的意思。
那你们想知道lecture的用法吗?今日我给大家带来了lecture的用法,盼望能够关心到大家，一起来学习吧。
lecture的意思n. 演讲,训斥，教训vi. 作演讲vt. 给…作演讲,教训(通常是长篇大论的)变形：过去式: lectured; 现在分词：lecturing; 过去分词：lectured;lecture用法lecture可以用作名词lecture主要指教育性或学术性“演讲”,引申可指“冗长的训斥或责备”。
lecture是可数名词,其后接介词on或about ,意为“关于…的演讲”“就…做演讲”“因…训斥或责备某人”。
lecture作“讲演,讲课”解时,是不及物动词。
说“讲授某课程”时常与介词on连用,说“在某地讲演”时常与介词at〔in〕连用。
lecture用作名词的用法例句She ran over her notes before giving the lecture.她讲课前把讲稿匆忙看了一遍。
His lecture covered various aspects of language.他的讲课涉及到语言诸方面的问题。
They could not follow the lecture.他们听不懂这次演讲。
lecture可以用作动词lecture作“讲演,讲课”解时,是不及物动词。
说“讲授某课程”时常与介词on连用,说“在某地讲演”时常与介词at〔in〕连用。
lecture也可用作及物动词,意思是“向…讲演,给…讲课”,接名词或代词作宾语。
lecture还可作“责怪”“教训”“训斥”解,用作及物动词,接名词或代词作宾语。
“因…而受到训斥”可说lecture sb for n./v -ing。
lecture用作动词的用法例句It was a shame for me to be lectured in front of the whole class.当着整个班级的面被训斥了一顿，真让我感到羞辱。
托福听力tpo44lecture1、2、3、4原文+题目+答案+译文Lecture1 (2)原文 (2)题目 (4)答案 (6)译文 (6)Lecture2 (7)原文 (8)题目 (10)答案 (12)译文 (12)Lecture3 (14)原文 (14)题目 (16)答案 (19)译文 (19)Lecture4 (20)原文 (21)题目 (23)答案 (25)译文 (25)Lecture1原文NARRATOR:Listen to part of a lecture in a materials science class.MALE PROFESSOR st time we finished going over some of the fundamental concepts of nanotechnology—the multidisciplinary science of manipulating—or controlling—extremely small units of matter,on the scale of molecules or even atoms.So,I want to talk about how nanotechnology is being used today,and,just to give you an idea,we'll look at one particular application.A team of materials scientists in Massachusetts has been working on a new,ultrathin coating,a nanocoating that might be applied to objects like bathroom mirrors,car windows,and eyeglasses to prevent fogging.And the coating has the potential to be a permanent solution,unlike the kinds of anti-fogging,spray-on liquids that are on the market today...Now,fogging often occurs when a cold surface comes into contact with warm,moist air,such as when a glass shower door or mirror fogs up during a warm shower.…Now,what's actually happening is,uh,what the fog is,is thousands of tiny spherical water droplets condensing on the surface of the glass.Light hits the water droplets and is scattered in random directions,causing the fogging effect.Now,the kind of spray-on treatments I mentioned,well,they wear off.What happens is they cause the tiny water droplets to flatten when they condense on the surface of the shower door,or bathroom mirror,or whatever object it is that it's been applied to.Because the droplets are flattened,when light hits them,the light doesn't scatter. But as I said,those kinds of treatments don't last very long.The new coating has two important components.One:negatively charged silicananoparticles—these are basically tiny particles of glass.And two:a positively charged polymer—which,you already know,a polymer is a chemical compound. These're layered over each other…the polymer,then the silica nanoparticles,the polymer,then the silica nanoparticles,you see.They're layered in such a way that the silica nanoparticles don't pack together tightly.In other words,the structure has pores,or holes,little tiny pockets,throughout it.The coating prevents fog from developing because it loves water.It attracts the water droplets—sucking them into the tiny pores.And that alters the shape of the droplets; the droplets are forced to flatten and to join together into a single sheet of water, rather than remaining as single droplets—each of which is a sphere that scatters light in different directions.OK,so instead of being scattered,the light passes through the thin sheet of water.So there's no fogging effect.The ultrathin coating can be made more durable by heating it—and of course the object it's applied to—to an extremely hot temperature—500degrees Celsius.What that does is burn the polymer away and fuse the silica nanoparticles together—while maintaining the structure of pores.But that's possible only on materials that can withstand high heat.Glass,yes.Plastics, no.But they're working on solving that problem;trying to come up with a way to coat plastics and other materials durably and effectively.Interestingly,it was a plant—the lotus plant—that inspired this work,I guess you could say inspired it in an indirect sort of way.The leaves of this plant are what we call“superhydrophobic.”Lotus leaves,being superhydrophobic,don’t attract water—they repel it—in a big way.When raindrops fall on lotus leaves,they remain spherical.They roll right off.So for a long time the Massachusetts scientists tried to create a coating that acted like these lotus leaves—a coating that was superhydrophobic.But then they began to think about the opposite extreme.Uh,could they accomplish their goal by making acoating that,instead of repelling water,actually attracted water?Well,they seem to have gotten quite far with this approach.It’s really strong work with a range of interesting consumer applications.It's not costly to manufacture the coating.Some car makers are interested in applying it to their windshields.Looks like we'll probably see it on the markets in everyday products in the next few years.题目1.What is the main purpose of the lecture?A.To provide an example of a practical use of nanotechnology.B.To show the origins of the field of nanotechnology.C.To give a brief outline of the main concepts of nanotechnology.D.To explain the growing interest in nanotechnology research.2.How does the professor organize the information he presents to the class?A.He describes the inspiration behind the nanocoating,then how the coating works.B.He describes how the nanocoating is currently marketed,then the inspiration behind it.C.He explains how fogging occurs,then the basic concepts of nanotechnology.D.He explains how fogging occurs,then how the nanocoating prevents it.3.According to the professor,how does the new nanocoating work?A.By forcing light to bounce off a glass-coated polymer.B.By forcing water droplets to roll off an ultrathin surface.C.By causing water droplets to merge into a single sheet of water.D.By causing light to scatter randomly in many directions.4.According to the information in the lecture,why does the new nanocoating not last as long on plastic as it does on glass?A.Plastic cannot withstand extremely high temperatures.B.The internal structure of plastic repels a positively charged polymer.C.The coating solution scatters when it comes into contact with plastic.D.Plastic surfaces scratch more easily than glass surfaces do.5.What inspired the team of scientists in developing the new coating?A.A problem the team frequently encountered in everyday life.B.The ineffectiveness of spray solutions in flattening water droplets.C.The leaves of a plant that the team had been investigating.D.Interactions observed between silica nanoparticles and polymers.6.What is the professor's opinion about the approach inventors took to the development of the new nanocoating?A.He thinks other inventors should use a similar approach.B.He is impressed by the flexibility of their approach.C.He is surprised the research process took so long.D.He thinks they should have spent more time testing a superhydrophobic coating.答案A D C A C B译文旁白：请听一段材料科学的讲座。
lecture的意思
"Lecture" 是一个名词，指的是一个口头演讲或教学活动，通常由一个专家或教师向一群学生或听众传授知识或信息。
Lecture 通常在学术环境中进行，如大学、学院或研究机构，也可以在其他场合比如会议、研讨会或商业培训中进行。
Lecture 的特点是由演讲者单向传递知识，学生或听众通常以被动接收的方式参与。
演讲者可能会使用幻灯片、视听材料或其他辅助工具来帮助讲解和理解。
Lecture 的目的是教育、启发和传授新的信息，通常会涉及特定学科的概念、理论、研究成果、案例分析等。
Lecture 的长度可以根据不同的情况而有所变化，从几分钟到几个小时不等。
有些大型课程可能由多个 lecture 组成，形成一个完整的课程或学期。
在一些教育环境中，lecture 可能会与小组讨论、实验室实践或作业相结合，以加深学生对所学内容的理解和应用能力。
Lecture 是一种常见的教学方法，有助于学生学习和思考。
然而，一些人认为 lecture 的效果有限，容易导致学生的被动接受和消极参与。
因此，在现代教育中，许多教育者也在探索和采用更具互动性和参与性的教学方法，如讨论、小组合作、案例研究等，以提高学生的学习效果和动力。
lecture 是一种教学活动，通过口头演讲向学生或听众传授知识和
信息。
它是传统的教学方法之一，可以在学术环境和其他场合中使用，旨在教育、启发和传达新的思想和理念。
