It‘s in DNA

Unit 10 It is in the DNATEACHER: Good morning. Today we’ll talk about an important topic in biology--DNA and DNA testing. Can anybody tell us what DNA stands for?STUDENT 1: deoxyribonucleic acid...TEACHER: Right. It’s the molecule that carries genetic information in all living cells. Now first, we’ll look at what DNA is and when it was discovered. Then, we’ll look at DNA testing and several applications, or uses of testing. This is an exciting topic for biologists because the more we learn about DNA, the more we see how science may change our lives--from healthcare to our relationships. OK, what does DNA look like?STUDENT 1: It looks like two strings, kind of wrapping around each other.TEACHER: Yes, exactly. There’s a simple drawing of one in your book. As you can see, a molecule of DNA consists of two strands of chemical compounds arranged in a twisted pattern. Inside the human cell are chromosomes. The DNA is organized in twenty-three pairs of chromosomes in the cell. Genes are arranged on the chromosomes and these carry fundamental genetic information like hair color, eye color, or characteristics that aren’t as visible, such as intelligence, and a lot more.Scientists have been studying DNA for a long time. First, in 1860, Gregor Mendel made two important discoveries: tiny particles he called genes, and, that genes carry information from cell to cell. Now this was really the beginning. Then, in 1953, J. D. Watson and Francis Crick discovered and described the DNA structure. Their work was so important that they received the Nobel Prize in 1962. For the first time, scientists could understand exactly how DNA tells the cells what to do. This generated more DNA research, and by the end of the twentieth century, scientists made other important discoveries. Probably the most important work was the Human Genome Project. The goal of the Human Genome Project was to complete the first reading of the human genome, the complete set of human DNA. Uh, this was a huge job, but after ten long years in June, 2000, the head of the Project announced that they had identified the complete set of human genes. Uh, this was a huge deal. Most people saw this as the beginning of a whole new era in DNA research. Scientists could read all of the genetic messages in the human body! This is, of course, a very brief history of the study of DNA.All right, let’s consider DNA testing. One important use of DNA testing is testing identity, which is also called DNA fingerprinting. Here’s how a DNA fingerprint is done. Scientists take a small sample of someone’s hair or skin, which contain DNA. Next, they treat the sample with chemicals and make a film, like a small photograph. On this film there is a visible pattern of black bars. This pattern of black bars is unique for each person. So, a DNA sample from your hair identifies you, it’s, it’s like your fingerprint; it identifies you and you only. I see a question. Miguel? STUDENT 2: Does the DNA from hair or skin or blood all look the same?TEACHER: No, not exactly. The DNA from your hair will look like hair DNA but it will be uniquely your DNA pattern. It’s sort of like all noses look like noses, right? But your nose looks like your nose only.Now I want to look at two applications, or uses, of DNA testing. First, how it can be used by doctors, and second, how it can be used by the police. Within health-care, one important use is to identify potential for health problems. Researchers have found some genes linked to specific diseases. For example, Huntington’s disease is linked to a defect in chromosome 4, andAlzheimer’s disease is linked to a defect in chromosome 19. A genetic link means that doctors know that if someone has defects in these genes, they’re more likely to get these health problems; their potential is increased. Notice, I didn’t say “Researchers have found that some gene defects cause specific diseases.” There is simply a link.After doctors perform DNA testing, they can then decide the best way to use the information. For example, they may give medication to a patient to prevent a disease from ever starting. Genetic testing can also be used to decide which medicine to give someone. This is called targeted medicine. To me, this is very exciting and promising. There are tiny differences in DNA from person to person. These differences can affect which patients will be helped by a drug, and who may be harmed by it. This is, uh, a tremendous advantage. It saves lives and money.Now, let’s look at how DNA testing is used by police. The police can use DNA fingerprints to identify and trace criminals. All they need is a small amount, or trace, of blood or hair from the crime scene. If the DNA samples from the crime scene and the suspect match, the results, at least in the United States, can be used as evidence in court. So, DNA testing can be used to help put someone in prison. In much the same way, DNA testing can be used to help innocent people in prison. People in prison can now try to use DNA testing for crimes that happened, say, ten years ago. If their DNA fingerprint doesn’t match the DNA fingerprint from the crime scene, this can help them get a new trial and perhaps get them out of prison.As you can see, there are benefits to DNA testing. However, there are also some concerns that this type of information might be used against us in the future.Now let’s consider how DNA testing could be used against you. What if a company you wanted to work for asked you to take a DNA test? And what if your DNA test showed that you had a gene defect linked to a certain type of cancer? Would the company decide not to hire you? People also worry about health insurance. They’re afraid they might not be able to get health insurance if their DNA test shows they’re at a higher risk for certain diseases. As a result, in the United States, some laws have been passed to protect the privacy of medical records. Now DNA testing has other possibilities that we won’t discuss today. But in any case, many people think about the negative uses of testing--the fear that it will be used against people or to create “perfect” babies. Others think about police being able to trace criminals and possible advances in healthcare. But, another way to think about it is that it tells us more about who we are, and that’s the goal of biology--to understand nature.I guess I’ll stop there for today. In the next class, I want to talk in more depth about uses of DNA testing by doctors. OK, we’ll start there next time. That’s, uh, that’s all for today.。

keeping innovation in our dna关于创新的句子1. The key to success in today's fast-paced world is keeping innovation in our DNA.2. Innovation is the lifeblood of progress, and we must nurture it in all aspects of our organization.3. Our company's mantra is keeping innovation in our DNA, as it drives our growth and adaptability.4. Creativity and out-of-the-box thinking are embedded in our DNA, allowing us to stay ahead of the competition.5. We constantly seek ways to improve and innovate, as it is ingrained in our DNA.6. Embracing a culture of innovation is essential to our organization's long-term success.7. Our commitment to keeping innovation in our DNA ensures that we never settle for the status quo.8. We encourage our employees to think innovatively and challenge conventional wisdom.9. Innovation is not just a buzzword for us; it is a way of life ingrained in our DNA.10. Our DNA is wired for innovation, enabling us to find unique solutions to complex problems.11. We foster an environment that is conducive to innovation,encouraging our team to take risks and explore new ideas.12. Our company's DNA is characterized by a relentless pursuit of innovation and excellence.13. Keeping innovation in our DNA allows us to continuously adapt and thrive in a rapidly changing marketplace.14. Innovation is in our DNA, driving us to constantly push boundaries and explore uncharted territory.15. We believe that a commitment to innovation is essential in remaining relevant in today's dynamic business landscape.16. We encourage a mindset of innovation, empowering our employees to think outside the box and challenge the status quo.17. We are proud to have innovation embedded in our DNA, allowing us to stay ahead of industry trends.18. Our organization's success is fueled by our ability to embrace change and keep innovation at the core of our DNA.19. Our DNA is characterized by a constant drive to innovate, allowing us to disrupt established markets and create new opportunities.20. Keeping innovation in our DNA is not just a business strategy; it is part of our identity and purpose.。

有关人类基因组计划的小故事英文回答：I remember when I first learned about the Human Genome Project in school. It was such a fascinating topic that I couldn't help but dive deeper into it. The Human Genome Project was an international research effort to determine the complete sequence of the human genome, which is the set of genetic information in our DNA. This project aimed to identify and map all the genes in the human genome and understand their functions.One of the most exciting things about the Human Genome Project was the potential it held for personalized medicine. By understanding the genetic makeup of individuals, doctors could tailor treatments to each person's unique genetic profile. For example, if someone had a geneticpredisposition to a certain disease, doctors couldintervene early to prevent it from developing.I also remember learning about how the Human Genome Project has led to significant advancements in genetics and biotechnology. Scientists have been able to identify genes associated with various diseases, develop new diagnostic tools, and even create genetically modified organisms for research purposes.Overall, the Human Genome Project has had a profound impact on the field of genetics and medicine. It has opened up new possibilities for understanding and treating genetic diseases, as well as improving our overall health and well-being.中文回答：我记得当我第一次在学校学习人类基因组计划时，那是一个如此迷人的话题，我忍不住深入研究。

分子生物学名词解释分子生物学名词解释1. 基因（顺反子）（gene(cistron)）：指能产生一条肽链的DNA 片段。

包括编码区和其上下游区域（引导区和尾部），以及在编码片段间（外显子）的割裂序列（内含子）。

2. DNA聚合酶（DNA polymerase）：合成子代DNA链（在DNA模板的指导下）的酶。

任何独特的酶可在修复或复制（或两者都有）中发挥作用。

3. RNA聚合酶（RNA polymerase）：使用DNA作为模板合成RNA的酶（正式应为DNA依赖性RNA聚合酶）。

4. 反转录酶（reverse transcriptase）：以单链RNA为模板合成双链DNA的酶。

5. A deoxyribonuclease(DNAase)is an enzyme that attacks bonds in DNA. It may cut onlyone strand or both strand.DNA酶：攻击DNA之间化学键的酶。

（第二句自译：它可能仅仅切断单链或双链。

）6. RNA酶（ribonucleases(RNAase)）：底物为RNA的酶，它可对双链或单链RNA特异性作用，它可为核酸内切酶或核酸外切酶。

7. 核酸外切酶（exonuclease）：每次可从核酸链一头切割一个核苷酸的酶，可能特异性切割DNA或者RNA的5‘或者3’端。

8. 核酸内切酶（endonuclease）：切割核酸链内的化学键。

可特异性地切割RNA或者单链或双链DNA。

9. A hotspot is a site in the genome at which the frequencyof mutation (or recombination)is very much increased, usually by at least an order of magnitude relative to neighboring sites.热点：突变或重组频率显著增加的位点。

Unit 10 It's in the DNATEACHER: Good morning. Today we'll talk about an important topic in biology-DNA and DNA testing. Can anybody tell us what DNA stands for?STUDENT 1: de-oxyribonucleic acid....TEACHER: Right. It's the molecule that carries genetic information in all living cells. Now first, we'll look at what DNA is and when it was discovered. Then, we’ll look at DNA testing and several applications, or uses of testing. This is an exciting topic for biologists because the more we learn about DNA, the more we see how science may change our lives-from healthcare to our relationships. OK, what does DNA look like?STUDENT 1: It looks like two strings, kind of wrapping around each other.TEACHER: Yes, exactly. There's a simple drawing of one in your book. As you can see, a molecule of DNA consists of two strands of chemical compounds arranged in a twisted pattern. Inside the human cell are chromosomes. The DNA is organized in twenty-three pairs of chromosomes in the ceil Genes are arranged on the chromosomes and these carry jUnd4menutl genetic information like hair color, eye color, or characteristics that aren't ad visable, such as intelligence. and a lot more. Scientists have been studying DNA for a long time. First, in 1860, Gregor Mendel made two important discoveries: tiny particles he called genes, and, that genes carry information from cell 10 cell. Now this was really the beginning. Then, in 1953, J. D. Watson and Francis Crick discovered and described the DNA structure. Their work was so important that they received the Nobel Prize in 1962. For the first time, scientists could understand exactly how DNA tells the cells what 10 do. This generated more DNA research, and by the end of the twentieth century, scientists made other important discoveries. Probably the most important work was the Human Genome Project. The goal of the Human Genome Project was to complete the first reading of the human genome, the complete set of human DNA. Uh, this was a huge job, but after ten long years in June,2000, the head of the Project announced that they had identified the complete set of human genes. Uh, this was a huge deal. Most people saw this as the beginning of a whole new era in DNA research. Scientists could read all of the genetic messages in the human body! This is, of course, a very brief history of the study of DNA. All right, let's consider DNA testing. One important use of DNA testing is testing identity, which is also called DNA t1ngerprinting. Here's how a DNA fingerprint is done. Scientists take a small sample of someone's hair or skin, which contain DNA. Next, they treat the sample with chemicals and make a film, like a small photograph. On this film there is a visible pattern of black bars. This pattern of black bars is unique for each person. So, a DNA sample from your hair identifies you, it's, it's like your fingerprint; it identifies you and you only. I see a question. Miguel?STUDENT 2: Does the DNA from hair or skin or blood all look the same?TEACHER: No, not exactly. The DNA from your hair will look like hair DNA but it will be uniquely your DNA pattern. It's sort of like all noses look like noses, right? Bur your nose looks like your nose only. Now I want to look at two applictltjDns, or uses, of DNA testing. First, how it can be used by doctors, and second, how it can be used by the police. Within health care, one important use is to identify potential for health problems. Researchers have found some genes linked to specific diseases. For example. Huntington’s disease is linked to a defect in chromosome 4, and Alzheimer's diseases linked to a defect in chromosome 19. A genetic link means that doctors know that if someone has defects in these genes. they’re more likely to get these health problems;their potential is increased. Notice, I didn’t say "Researchers have found that some gene defects cause specific diseases." There is simply a link. After doctors perform DNA testing, they can then decide the best way 10 use the information. For example, they may give medication to a patient to prevent a disease from ever starting. Genetic testing can also be used to decide which medicine to give someone. This is called targeted medicine. To me, this is very exciting and promising. There are tiny differences in DNA from person to person. These differences can affect which patients will be helped by a drug, and who may be harmed by it. This is, uh, a tremendous advantage. [t saves lives and money. NOW, let's look at how DNA testing is used by police. The police can use DNA fingerprints to identify and frau criminals. All they need is a small amount, or trace, of blood or hair from the crime scene. if the DNA samples from the crime scene and the suspect match, the results, at least in the United States, can be used as evidence in court. So, DNA testing can be used 10 help put someone in prison. In much the same way, DNA testing can be used 10 help innocent people in prison. People in prison can now try to use DNA testing for crimes that happened, say, ten years ago. If their DNA fingerprint doesn’t match the DNA fingerprint from the crime scene, this can help them get a new trial and perhaps get them out of prison. As you can see, there are benefits to DNA testing. However, there are also some concerns that this type of information might be used against us in the future. Now let's consider how DNA testing could be used against you. What if a company you wanted to work for asked you to take a DNA test? And what if your DNA test showed that you had a gene defect linked to a certain type of cancer? Would the company decide not to hire you? People also worry about health insurance. They’re afraid they might not be able to get health insurance if their DNA test shows they're at a higher risk for certain diseases. As a result, in the United States, some laws have been passed to protect the privacy of medical records. Now DNA testing has other possibilities that we won’t discuss today. But in any case, many people think about the negative uses of testing-the fear that it will be used against people or to create "perfect" babies. Others think about police being able to trace criminals and possible advances in healthcare. But, another way 10 think about it is that it tells us more about who we are, and that's the goal of biology-to understand nature.[ guess ['II stop there for Toady. [n the next class, I want to talk in more depth about uses of DNA testing by doctors. OK, we'll start there next time. That's, uh, that's all for today.。

拥有红色基因英文作文I've got the red gene, you know. It's in my blood, in my DNA. It's the kind of gene that makes me fiery, passionate, and full of energy. When I walk into a room, people can feel the heat coming off me. It's like I'm always on fire, burning with intensity and drive.This red gene of mine, it's what gives me that competitive edge. I don't just want to win, I need to win. Whether it's in sports, in business, or in life, I always have to come out on top. Failure is not an option for me.I'll do whatever it takes to succeed, even if it means taking risks and pushing myself to the limit.But it's not just about being aggressive and assertive. This red gene also makes me incredibly passionate about the things I believe in. When I care about something, I throw myself into it wholeheartedly. I can't just sit on the sidelines and watch things happen – I have to be in the thick of it, fighting for what I believe is right.Sometimes, though, this red gene of mine can get meinto trouble. I can be impulsive, quick-tempered, and stubborn. I don't always think before I act, and I can be a bit of a hothead when things don't go my way. But hey,that's just part of who I am. I'd rather be passionate and hot-blooded than cold and indifferent.At the end of the day, having the red gene is both a blessing and a curse. It gives me the drive and determination to go after what I want, but it also means I have to be careful not to let my emotions get the better of me. But you know what? I wouldn't trade it for anything.It's what makes me who I am, and I wouldn't have it any other way.。

FOR some people in this world, the glass always seems to be half-full. For others it is half-empty. But how someone comes to have a sunny disposition1 in the first place is an interesting question.It has been known for a long time that optimists2 see the world selectively, mentally processing positive things while ignoring negative ones, and that this outlook helps determine their health and well-being3. In recent years, it has also become clear that carriers of a particular version of a particular gene4 are at higher risk than others of depression and attempted suicide when they face traumatic events. The gene in question lies in a region of the genome that promotes the activity of a second gene, which encodes a protein called the serotonin transporter. Serotonin is a messenger molecule5 that carries signals between nerve cells, and it is known to modulate6 many aspects of human behaviour, although the details are complex and controversial. The transporter protein recycles serotonin back into the cell that produced it, making it available for reuse, but also reducing the amount in the junctions7 between cells and thus, it is presumed, the strength of the signal.It has looked increasingly likely, therefore, that genes8 -- particularly those connected with serotonin -- have a role to play in shaping a person's outlook. So Elaine Fox and her colleagues at the University of Essex, in Britain, wondered whether genes play a part in the selective attention to positive or negative material, with consequent effects on outlook.To find out, they took samples of DNA9 from about 100 people and then subjected these people to what is known as the dot-probe paradigm10 test to see how they reacted to different stimuli11. In this test participants are briefly12 shown photographs that may be positive, negative or neutral in tone. They then have to press a keypad to indicate when a dot has appeared on the screen. It has been found by experience that the more distracting an image is, the longer a person takes to respond when the dot appears. That allowed Dr Fox and her team to discover how distracting particular people found particular images.In a paper just published in the Proceedings13 of the Royal Society B they report that, sure enough, gene-related variation caused a bias14 in attention towards positive and negative material. Some people had two "long" versions of the promoter gene (one inherited from each parent), a combination that reduces the amount of serotonin in the junctions between nerve cells. These individuals were biased15 towards positive images and away from negative ones. By contrast, those who had either a long and a short version of the gene, or two short versions (and thus, presumably, more serotonin in the junctions), did not have such protective biases16. In other words, the optimists really did see the world differently.Rose-tinted spectacles may be good for one's health, as these results fit in with wider ideas about how a tendency to look on the bright side of life is part of being resilient to stress. Those with short variants17 of this gene are expected to have anincreased susceptibility to mood disorders18 following such stress. It is not all good news, though, for optimists. Because these results suggest that a person's attitude to life is inherited, they serve as a stark19 warning to all buoyant optimists that tryingto cheer the rest of the world up with nothing more than a smile and an effortlessly sunny disposition is doomed20 to failure.词汇表：1 dispositionn.性情，性格；意向，倾向；排列，部署参考例句：He has made a good disposition of his property.他已对财产作了妥善处理。

人为什么会做梦的用英语写的小作文加中文版全文共6篇示例，供读者参考篇1English Version:Why Do People Dream?Have you ever wondered why we dream? Dreams are like little movies that play in our heads when we're sleeping. Some dreams are fun and exciting, while others can be strange or even scary. But why do we have dreams in the first place? Let me tell you what I think!I believe dreams happen because our brains are still working hard even when we're asleep. You see, during the day, our brains are super busy processing all the things we see, hear, and do. But at night, when we're resting, our brains don't just shut off completely. Instead, they keep working, sorting through all the information and experiences we had that day.It's kind of like when you clean your room. You might tidy up your toys, clothes, and books, putting everything in its proper place. But sometimes, you might find some things that don'tseem to belong anywhere, like an old candy wrapper or a stray sock. Your brain does something similar when you're asleep – it tries to organize and make sense of all the thoughts, feelings, and memories from the day, but sometimes it comes across things that don't quite fit.That's where dreams come in! Dreams are like little stories that our brains make up to help us process and understand the things that don't make sense or seem out of place. It's our brain's way of sorting through the clutter and trying to make everything fit together nicely.But why are dreams sometimes so weird and crazy? Well, that's because our brains are just making things up as they go along! They take bits and pieces of our memories and experiences and mix them together in all sorts of wacky ways. That's why you might dream about flying elephants or talking toasters – your brain is just having a little fun and being creative!Some people also think that dreams might help us practice and prepare for things that could happen in the future. For example, if you have a dream about taking a test at school, it might be your brain's way of getting you ready for an actual test you have coming up. Or if you dream about playing in a big soccer game, it could be your brain's way of helping you imaginewhat that would be like so you're not as nervous if it happens in real life.Dreams can also reflect our feelings and emotions. If you're feeling worried or stressed about something, you might have a dream related to that. Or if you're really excited about an upcoming event, like a birthday party or a family vacation, your dreams might be filled with happy, exciting themes.So the next time you have a really wacky dream, don't worry – it's just your amazing brain doing its job and having a little fun while you sleep! Dreams are a fascinating part of being human, and they remind us that even when we're resting, our brains never truly take a break.Chinese Translation:为什么人会做梦?你有没有想过为什么我们会做梦呢?梦就像是在我们睡觉时在脑海里播放的小电影。

黑龙江省龙东十校2024-2025学年高二上学期开学考试英语试题一、阅读理解We are currently seeking a qualified and experienced individual to join our team as a marketing manager. As a key leadership position within our organization, the marketing manager will play a crucial role in driving the department’s success and contributing to our overall business objectives.Qualifications:*Bachelor’s degree in business administration, management or related fields.*Proven experience in a marketing role, with a track record of successfully leading teams and achieving results.*Strong communication, interpersonal and problem-solving skills.*Proficiency in relevant software apps.Responsibilities:*Overseeing daily operations of the department, including staff management, budgeting and goal setting.*Developing and implementing strategies to meet departmental targets and enhance efficiency.*Cooperating with cross-functional teams to ensure seamless coordination and communication.*Providing leadership and guidance to team members to develop a positive work culture and professional growth.If you are a motivated and enthusiastic leader with a passion for driving organizational success, we invite you to apply for the position. Join us in shaping the future of our department and making a lasting impact on our company.To apply, please submit your resume and a cover letter detailing your relevant experience and why you are the ideal candidate for this role. We look forward to welcoming a dedicated and ************************************************************.1．What is a must to apply for the position?A．A master’s degree.B．A strong body.C．The related work experience.D．The ability to develop software.2．What does the marketing manager have to do?A．Communicate with consumers regularly.B．Assist the leaders to develop annual plans.C．Achieve the overall goal of the industry.D．Help co-workers develop their business. 3．How can you get in touch with the interviewer?A．By filling out a form.B．By sending an email.C．By writing a letter.D．By making a phone call.Over the weekend, a Pennsylvania man risked his life to save his neighbors from a burning home, as captured in dramatic video footage.Oscar Rivera was playing with his children in his backyard on April 14 when he heard a loud boom (响声). Rushing to the front yard, he saw that the house across the street was engulfed in flames, with his neighbors trapped inside.According to WFMZ-TV, Rivera didn’t hesitate. He climbed up the three-story building, which was already covered in flames. On a narrow ledge (窗台) at the burning home, a woman was trying to pull a man out of an attic window as smoke poured out. The man was calling for help.Rivera and a neighbor quickly grabbed a ladder and rushed to assist. “I just started jumping, jumping and jumping,” Rivera told WFMZ-TV. He managed to reach the top floor and pulled the man from the window, who had yelled, “Help me. I can’t walk.”Eyewitness Janeen Huth, who recorded the rescue, praised Rivera for risking his life while his young children watched from the door. “Come on! Come on!” Huth can be heard shouting in the video, as other onlookers and firefighters worked to assist. “Rivera is a true hero,” she told The Morning Call. Rivera managed to get the victim onto the ledge, and firefighters then took over, bringing the man to safety.The rescued man sustained critical burns and was taken to the hospital, according to WFMZ-TV. The fire damaged six homes and led to the evacuation (疏散) of 20 people. The cause of the fire is currently under investigation. “I hope he’s okay,” Rivera said about the man he saved.4．What does the text describe?A．An investigation into a fire.B．A man’s heroic rescue.C．A fire department’s response.D．A fire that destroyed several homes. 5．What made Rivera rush to the front yard?A．Hearing a loud boom.B．Seeing the flame.C．Hearing a call for help.D．Being informed about the fire.6．What did Rivera do in the rescue?A．He provided first aid.B．He helped guide firefighters.C．He called emergency services.D．He pulled the man out.7．How did Janeen Huth react to Rivera’s action?A．She was indifferent.B．She admired his bravery.C．She criticized him for risking his life.D．She thought he should wait for firefighters.The immune (免疫的) system has special defense and attack strategies reserved for viruses (病毒). These involve tagging the viruses with antibodies and killing cells infected (使感染) by the virus. A global health crisis can bring the world to its knees, highlighting the huge impact a virus can have. This tiny organism, invisible under a normal microscope, can wreak havoc on worldwide.There are more viruses on Earth than stars in the universe, so why haven’t we always been maintaining social distance? Primarily because not all viruses can infect us, and for those that do, the body handles them quite well. To put it simply, viruses are extremely small parasites that infect all sorts of life, from the smallest bacteria to the largest mammals; they are considered parasites because they can’t survive by themselves. Viruses infect health y host cells and use their cellular “tools” to make more copies of themselves.Viruses are everywhere—in the air we breathe, the water we drink, and the land on which we walk. Yet, even after being bombarded with viruses, our body still manages to stay strong. This is because of our immune system and its clever strategies to fight back against viral attacks! Fortunately, with our modern healthcare advancements, we have extra help to fight viruses. These include vaccines, antiviral drugs, and other health technologies to keep us going in this never-ending war.As time goes by and our bodies encounter more viruses, we develop better immunological memory. This is the body’s way of remembering past infections, making it better prepared for future ones.8．Which can replace the underlined phrase “wreak havoc on” in paragraph 1?A．Depend heavily on.B．Have a bad effect on.C．Take the side effect off.D．Cut the whole power off.9．Why do we always fail to maintain social distance despite lots of viruses?A．Not all viruses infect humans.B．Not all viruses are small.C．Viruses need host cells.D．Viruses infect all life forms.10．What is one of the strategies our body uses to fight viral attacks?A．Reducing the number of viruses in the environment.B．Avoiding contacting with infected individuals.C．Taking advantage of the immune system.D．Increasing exposure to viruses.11．What can be the best title for the text?A．What is the definition of unusual viruses?B．How to know well the immune system?C．How does our body fight viruses?D．How to break down the viruses?A major tech company has expanded options for keeping personal information from online searches. The company stated earlier this week that it would allow people to request the removal of more types of content, such as personal contact information like phone numbers, email addresses, and physical addresses, from search results. The new policy also permits the removal of other information that may pose a risk for identity theft, such as confidential (机密的) login accounts.In a statement, the company said that open access to information is vital. “But so is empowering (授权) people with the tools they need to protect themselves and keep their sensitive, personally identifiable information private,” the statement continued. “Privacy and online safety go hand in hand. And when you’re using the Internet, it’s important to have control over how your sensitive, personally identifiable information can be found.”Previously, the company had allowed people to request the removal of highly personalcontent that could cause direct harm. This included information such as bank account or credit card numbers that could be used for fraud (欺诈).“However, as information increasingly appears in unexpected places and is used in new ways, policies need to evolve,” the company said. Having personal contact information openly available online can also pose a threat, and the company reported receiving requests to remove such content as well. It states that when it receives such requests, it will review all the content on the web page to avoid limiting the availability of useful information or content on public record on government or other official websites. “It’s important to remember that removing content from our search results won’t remove it from the Internet, which is why you may wish to contact the hosting site directly, if you’re comfortable doing so,” the company advised.12．What can we learn from the company’s statement?A．Keeping online private information safe is a must.B．Improving the net environment for citizens is a dream.C．The exposure of public information causes a discussion.D．Making a balanced approach to online safety is a fashion.13．Why does the company review web page content before removing personal information?A．To obey data privacy laws.B．To take down the entire website.C．To increase online personal information.D．To avoid removing useful or publicinformation.14．What is the main idea of the text?A．Personal information can be removed from online searches.B．Tech companies can find more images and information.C．Privacy risks arise from publishing private information.D．Tech companies know what you’ve done over the years.15．What is the text likely to be?A．A research paper on online privacy.B．A new approach to using a search engine.C．An advertisement for a data privacy service.D．A news report about privacy protection.Do you know what carpet cleaning is and how it works? This article will discuss it with you.Carpet cleaning is a service to remove the dirt, stains and other things from carpets and make them clean. People hire different carpet cleaning services to make their carpets look cleaner, more appealing and away from harmful infections. According to experts, people must clean their carpets once or twice a year. 16 .According to carpet manufacturers, hot water extraction is one of the most professional and recommended ways of cleaning carpets. 17Dry cleaning is also used for cleaning the carpets but this is far easier than wet cleaning.18 However, it is still used for cleaning the carpets which are not that dirty.Vacuum (真空) cleaning is mostly used in offices and houses by people themselves. People use a vacuum cleaner to clean the carpets and it is an effective method.19 Therefore, carpet cleaning must be done minimum 1-2 times a year to prevent yourself from infections, allergies, and so on. Another benefit is that it saves you a lot of money. If you don’t clean them on a regular basis, you have to purchase them.You have understood a lot about carpet cleaning. 20 Do not regard this as a trivial (琐碎的) matter. It concerns the health of you and your family.A．It is time for you to take action.B．Prepare yourself before you begin.C．It is not that better than wet cleaning.D．Dirty carpets damage your health a lot.E．Dry cleaning is more effective than wet cleaning.F．Now, the question is what methods are used to clean them.G．It can remove the dirt and other things deep from the carpets.二、完形填空My husband and I had been married for ten years when I got Stevens-Johnson syndrome (综合征). With painful blisters (水疱) all over my body, I, who had been independent, rapidly became 21 .My husband, Scott, was occupied taking care of kids and cooking dinners. He also became my personal caretaker, applying the 22 to all of my blisters because my hands couldn’t dothe job. I was 23 at total reliance on someone other than myself. At one point, I mentally and physically hit 24 , thinking I was a weak person. And that 25 me.I recovered from my illness, but I couldn’t recover from the negative 26 . This loss of27 affected the rest of my recovery. Fortunately, things 28 . Recently Scott and I went ona long bike ride. At one point with sharp pain 29 in my tired legs, I couldn’t go any further. Seeing me 30 , Scott stopped in front of me, saying, “Stay close behind me.” Scott was 31 me along. My legs quit burning 32 as my cycling became easier, and I was able to catch my breath.I now 33 that love between us is powerful. True love is forged (锻造) by the fire of late nights with sick family and days of 34 to make ends meet. I also believe that during these 35 times, love has the power to make us become stronger. 21．A．worthless B．helpless C．fearless D．homeless 22．A．medicine B．disease C．mission D．strategy 23．A．shocked B．amused C．embarrassed D．puzzled 24．A．goal B．bottom C．future D．desire 25．A．taught B．forgave C．inspired D．troubled 26．A．thought B．plan C．comment D．aspect 27．A．direction B．confidence C．dream D．success 28．A．took over B．showed off C．turned around D．stood out 29．A．extending B．reducing C．escaping D．disappearing 30．A．relieve B．complain C．leave D．struggle 31．A．walking B．sending C．pulling D．bringing 32．A．frequently B．initially C．strangely D．quickly 33．A．hope B．argue C．permit D．believe 34．A．trying B．daring C．choosing D．promising 35．A．common B．difficult C．pleasant D．primary三、语法填空阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

外研版七年级英语上册期末综合素质评价限时: 120分钟满分: 120分第一部分听力(共四大题，满分20 分)I. 短对话理解(共5 小题；每小题1 分，满分5 分)( )1. What is the boy going to wear on the first school day?A. B. C.( )2. What does Lily always do?A. B. C.( )3. What’s the boy going to do this weekend?A. Go to the zoo.B. Have a picnic.C. Go hiking. ( )4. When will they meet?A. At 6:45.B. At 7:00.C. At 7:15.( )5. When will they talk about tomorrow’s plan?A. Before dinner.B. During dinner.C. After dinner.II. 长对话理解(共5 小题；每小题1 分，满分5 分)听下面一段对话，回答第6、7 题。

( )6. What’s the name of the girl in the photo?A. Alice.B. Gina.C. Mary.( )7. Who are these two boys?A. They’re Gina’s brothers.B. They’re Gina’s cousins.C. They’re Alice’s brothers.听下面一段对话，回答第8 至10 题。

( )8. What are the two speakers talking about?A. Chinese paper-cutting.B. Flowers.C. Chinese history. ( )9. What is it made of?A. Animals.B. Red paper.C. Pictures.( )10. Where are they put?A. In the box.B. In the sky.C. On the windows. III. 短文理解(共5 小题；每小题1 分，满分5 分)( )11. What festival are Li Fang’s family celebrating in the photo?A. Christmas.B. The Spring Festival.C. The Lantern Festival.( )12. Where are Li Fang’s family having dinner?A. At home.B. In a hotel.C. In a restaurant. ( )13. What is Li Fang’s cousin Li Yi doing in the photo?A. Eating jiaozi.B. Eating fish.C. Drinking cola. ( )14. Where is Li Fang in the photo?A. Next to her parents.B. On her grandparents’ right.C. In front of her parents.( )15. Who is taking the photo?A. Li Fang.B. Li Fang’s father.C. Li Yi’s father. IV. 信息转换(共5 小题；每小题1 分，满分5 分)第二部分语言知识运用(共三大题，满分30 分)V. 单项选择(共10 小题；每小题1 分，满分10 分)( )21. If you want to be a good basketball player, you need a lot of _______.A. practiceB. friendsC. playersD. play ( )22. Do you know which of the toy rabbits on the desk is _______?A. sheB. heC. hersD. herself ( )23. Most plants cannot grow _____ sunshine. Most animals also need sunshine.A. withinB. withoutC. inD. under( )24. —Lingling and I _______ going to have a picnic at the weekend. Would you like to join us?—I’d love to.A. amB. isC. areD. be( )25. —The weather in Harbin in winter is really cold.—Yes. So we’d better _______ more clothes to keep _______ warm.A. to put on; usB. put on; ourselvesC. put; usD. wear; yourself( )26. —It’s very hot here. Would you mind me _______ the window?—Of course not. Go ahead.A. openingB. to openC. openD. opened ( )27. —Believe it or not! There are some special theaters for people who can’t see with eyes.—_______. I wonder how they enjoy films.A. It’s not a good ideaB. Sorry to hear thatC. That’s amazingD. I agree with you( )28. My parents and I sometimes think _______. I like talk shows, but they think they are boring.A. easilyB. quicklyC. earlyD. differently ( )29. —There are too many chores today. What should I do?—There’s no need for you _______. I’ll help you later.A. worryB. worryingC. to worryD. worried ( )30. — My parents and I will go to Shanghai on vacation next week.—_______A. I’m not sure.B. Have a good time.C. Lucky me!D. Good idea!VI. 完形填空(共10 小题；每小题1 分，满分10 分)Peng Jingxuan, a Chinese student, has studied music in France for years. When she 31 playing the guzheng on the streets of France in 2018, she did notthink that the traditional instrument (传统乐器) would 32 her life.Peng began to study the guzheng when she was 7 years old.In 2017, she went to France to study music. She was 33 to find that very few people in France knew about the guzheng.“I wanted to make 34 people know this instrument,” Peng said.She began to do 35 performances (表演). Peng Jingxuan played the guzheng near the Eiffel Tower in Paris, France. As a(n) 36 music performer, she shared traditional music with French people. The more Peng played on the streets, the greater pride (自豪) she felt in 37 Chinese music and culture.To make this traditional Chinese instrument better known to people in France, Peng 38 chose traditional guzheng pieces and some pop songs 39 strong Chinese influences (影响).“To get more people to know about it, understand it, and love it... is the biggest 40 of Chinese artists playing the traditional musical instrument,” she said. And she is willing to work hard on it.( )31. A. began B. failed C. finished D. stopped ( )32. A. keep B. decide C. save D. change ( )33. A. happy B. surprised C. afraid D. excited ( )34. A. few B. fewer C. more D. most ( )35. A. class B. family C. street D. school ( )36. A. Chinese B. French C. British D. American ( )37. A. teaching B. sharing C. playing D. making ( )38. A. suddenly B. carelessly C. badly D. carefully ( )39. A. in B. with C. at D. without ( )40. A. fact B. end C. wish D. question VII. 根据对话情景，在空白处填上一个适当的句子，使对话意思连贯完整(共5 小题；每小题2 分，满分10 分)A: Hi! This is Tony. May I speak to Li Lei?B: 41. __________________________________________________________.A: Are you busy these days?B: Yes, I’m busy preparing for the Dragon Boat Festival.A: The Dragon Boat Festival? 42. ______________________________________? B: Sure. It’s one of our Chinese festivals. On this day, we often eat zongzi—a special food and have dragon boat races.A: That sounds very interesting. 43. ______________________________________ ? B: It’s a triangle. Of course, zongzi has other shapes in China.A: It must be very delicious. 44. _______________________________________? B: They’re very wonderful and we all like to watch the races.A: 45. __________________________________________________________.B: You’re welcome.第三部分阅读(共两节，满分40 分)VIII. 阅读理解(共20 小题；每小题2 分，满分40 分)第一节阅读下列短文，从每小题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。

关于基因的英语作文In the realm of biology, genetics stands as a cornerstone of understanding the intricate blueprint of life. It is a science that delves into the study of genes, hereditary traits, and the variations of organisms. The essence of genetics lies in its ability to unravel the mysteries of inheritance and evolution, offering insights into the very fabric of existence.Genes, the fundamental units of heredity, are composed of DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) and are responsible for passingtraits from one generation to the next. They are the building blocks of life, dictating the physical characteristics, behaviors, and even predispositions to certain diseases. The discovery of the DNA double helix structure by Watson and Crick in 1953 was a monumental leap forward in the field of genetics, providing a physical model for understanding genetic inheritance.Advancements in genetic research have led to groundbreaking applications such as genetic engineering and gene therapy. Genetic engineering allows for the manipulation of an organism's genes to achieve desired traits, which has revolutionized agriculture, medicine, and biotechnology. Gene therapy, on the other hand, holds the promise of treating genetic disorders by replacing or repairing faulty genes, offering hope to millions of individuals suffering from hereditary diseases.However, the power of genetics also comes with ethical considerations. The potential for genetic discrimination, where individuals may be judged based on their genetic makeup, is a growing concern. Additionally, the concept of designer babies, where parents select specific traits for their offspring, raises questions about the moral implications of such choices.In conclusion, genetics is a field of immense potential and complexity. It has the power to transform our understandingof life and improve the quality of living for many. Yet, it also requires a responsible and ethical approach to ensurethat its benefits are harnessed for the greater good of humanity. As we continue to explore the depths of genetic science, it is crucial to balance innovation with caution, ensuring that our pursuit of knowledge does not outpace our ability to navigate its consequences.。

Quant-iT ™ 1X dsDNA HS Assay KitCatalog No. Q33232Product informationThe Quant-iT ™ 1X dsDNA HS (High Sensitivity) Assay Kit makes DNA quantitation easy and accurate. The kit includes a ready-to-use assay buffer and DNA standards. To perform the assay, dilute your sample (any volume from 1–20 μL is acceptable) into the 1X working solution provided, then read the concentration using a fluorescence plate reader. The assay is highly selective for double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) over RNA (Figure 4, page 6) and is accurate for initial sampleconcentrations from 10 pg/μL to 100 ng/μL, providing a core detection range of 0.2 ng to 100 ng of DNA in the assay tube. The assay is performed at room temperature, and the signal is stable for 3 hours when the samples are protected from light. Common contaminants such as salts, free nucleotides, solvents, detergents, or protein are well tolerated in the assay (Table 2, page 7).In addition to the Quant-iT ™ 1X dsDNA HS Assay Kit described here, we also offer the Quant-iT ™ 1X dsDNA BR (Broad Range) Assay Kit (Cat. No. Q33267). The Quant-iT ™ 1X dsDNA BR Assay Kit is designed for assaying samples containing 4–2000 ng of DNA. The Qubit ™ dsDNA HS Assay – Lambda standard (Cat. No. Q33233) can be used to create the standard dilution series for the Quant-iT ™ dsDNA HS assay.If you would like to use this kit with the Qubit ™ Fluorometer, we have included instructions under "Perform the Quant-iT ™ 1X dsDNA HS Assay on a Qubit ™ Fluorometer" (page 4).Table 1.Contents and storagePub. No. MAN0017526Rev. C.0Critical assay parametersAssay temperatureThe Quant-iT ™ 1X dsDNA HS Assay delivers optimal performance when all solutions are at room temperature (18–28˚C). Temperature fluctuations can influence the accuracy of the assay (Figure 5, page 6).To minimize temperature fluctuations, insert all assay tubes into the fluorescence microplate reader only for as much time as it takes for the instrument to measure the fluorescence. Do not hold the assay tubes in your hand before reading because this warms the solution and results in a different reading.Incubation timeTo allow the Quant-iT ™ 1X dsDNA HS Assay to reach optimal fluorescence, incubate the tubes for 2 minutes after mixing the sample or the standard with the working solution. After this incubation period, the fluorescence signal is stable for 3 hours at room temperature when samples are protected from light.Photostability of Quant-iT ™reagentsThe Quant-iT ™ reagents exhibit high photostability, showing <0.3% drop in fluorescence after 9 readings and <2.5% drop in fluorescence after 40 readings.Handling and disposalNo data are currently available that address the mutagenicity or toxicity of theQuant-iT ™ 1X dsDNA HS Reagent (the dye in Component A). This reagent is known to bind nucleic acids. Treat the Quant-iT ™ 1X dsDNA HS working solution with the same safety precautions as all other potential mutagens and dispose of the dye in accordance with local regulations.Figure 1. Excitation and emission maxima for the Quant-iT ™1X dsDNA HS reagent when bound to dsDNA.Perform the Quant-iT™ dsDNA HS Assay on a fluorescence microplate readerThis protocol describes the use of the Quant-iT™ 1X dsDNA HS Assay Kit with afluorescence microplate reader that is equipped with either a monochrometer orexcitation and emission filters appropriate for fluorescein or Alexa Fluor™ 488 dye(Figure 1, page 2). Some contaminating substances may interfere with the assay; formore information, see "Contaminants tolerated by the Quant-iT™ 1X dsDNA HS Assay"(page 7). For an overview of this procedure, see Figure 2.Figure 2. The Quant-iT™ dsDNA High-Sensitivity assay.Assay procedure IMPORTANT! For best results, ensure that all materials and reagents are at roomtemperature.1.1 Add 10 μL of each Quant-iT™ 1X dsDNA HS Standard to separate wells. Duplicates ortriplicates of the standards are recommended.1.2 Add 1–20 µL of each unknown DNA sample to separate wells. Duplicates or triplicatesof the unknown samples are recommended.1.3 Load 200 μL of the Quant-iT™ 1X dsDNA working solution into each microplate well.This can be done readily using a multichannel pipettor.If possible, mix your 96-well plate using a plate mixer or using the plate reader for1.4about 3–10 seconds. Following mixing, allow the plate to incubate at room temperaturefor 2 minutes..Measure the fluorescence using a microplate reader (excitation/emission maxima are1.5502/523 nm; see Figure 1, page 2). Standard fluorescein wavelengths (excitation/emission at ~480/530 nm) are appropriate for this dye. The fluorescence signal is stablefor 3 hours at room temperature when protected from light.Use a standard curve to determine the DNA amounts. For the dsDNA standards, plot1.6amount vs. fluorescence, and fit a straight line to the data points.Note: Many curve fitting programs will calculate the y-intercept. However, for bestresults, manually set the y-intercept as the RFU value obtained from the 0 ng/μLdsDNA standard.Data analysis considerations –standard curves and extendedranges The fluorescence of the Quant-iT™ 1X dsDNA HS reagent bound to dsDNA is extremelylinear from 0–100 ng. For best results at the low end of the standard curve, the lineshould be forced through the background point (or through zero, if backgroundhas been subtracted). When 10 μL volumes of the standards are used, the lowestDNA-containing standard represents 5 ng of DNA; nevertheless, highly accuratedeterminations of DNA down to 0.2 ng are attained using the standard curve asdescribed above.To assess the reliability of the assay in the low range, use smaller volumes of thestandards; for example, 2 μL volumes for a standard curve ranging from 0–20 ng.Alternatively, dilute the standards in buffer for an even tighter range. Duringdevelopment of the Quant-iT™ 1X dsDNA HS assay, we were able to detect 0.05 ng ofλ DNA under ideal experimental circumstances (using calibrated pipettors, octuplicatedeterminations, the best microplate readers, and Z-factor1 analysis). Your results mayvary.If desired, the utility of the Quant-iT™ 1X dsDNA HS assay can be extended beyond100 ng, up to 200 ng. For standards in this range, use 20 μL volumes of the providedstandards. Note that the standard curve may not be linear in the range 160–200 ng, andhigh levels of RNA may now interfere slightly with the results.Perform the Quant-iT™ dsDNA HS Assay on a Qubit™ FluorometerThe Quant-iT™ 1X dsDNA Assay Kit can be adapted for use with the Qubit™Fluorometer. The protocol below is abbreviated from the Qubit™ Fluorometer userguide, which is available at /qubit. Although a step-by-step protocoland critical assay parameters are given here, more detail is available in the Qubit™Fluorometer user guide and you are encouraged to familiarize yourself with thismanual before you begin your assay. See Figure 3 for an overview of the procedure.Figure 3. Overview for using the Quant-iT™ 1X dsDNA HS assay in the Qubit™ fluorometer.Assay procedure IMPORTANT! For best results, ensure that all materials and reagents are at roomtemperature.2.1 Set up the required number of 0.5-mL tubes for standards and samples. The Quant-iT™1X dsDNA HS Assay requires 2 standards.Note: Use only thin-wall, clear, 0.5-mL PCR tubes. Acceptable tubes include Qubit™assay tubes (Cat. No. Q32856).2.2 Label the tube lids.Note: Do not label the side of the tube as this could interfere with the sample read. Labelthe lid of each standard tube correctly. Calibration of the Qubit™ Fluorometer requiresthe standards to be inserted into the instrument in the right order.2.3 Add 10 µL of the 0 ng/μL and the 10 ng/μL Quant-iT™ 1X dsDNA HS Standard to theappropriate tube2.4 Add 1–20 µL of each user sample to the appropriate tube.2.5 Add the Quant-iT™ 1X dsDNA HS Working Solution to each tube such that the finalvolume is 200 µL.Note: The final volume in each tube must be 200 µL. Each standard tube requires 190 µLof Quant-iT™ working solution, and each sample tube requires anywhere from180–199 µL.2.6 Mix each sample vigorously by vortexing for 3–5 seconds.2.7 Allow all tubes to incubate at room temperature for 2 minutes, then proceed to read thestandards and samples. Follow the procedure appropriate for your instrument:• Qubit™ Flex Fluorometer• Qubit™ 4 Fluorometer• Qubit™ 3 FluorometerNote: If you are using the Qubit™ 3 Fluorometer, download the 1X dsDNA algorithmand assay button from /qubit, then install it onto your Qubit™Fluorometer.AppendixSelectivity of the Quant-iT™ 1XdsDNA HS AssayFigure 4. DNA selectivity and sensitivity of the Quant-iT™ 1X dsDNA HS Assay (Cat. No. Q33232). Triplicate10-μL samples of λ DNA, E. coli rRNA, or a 1:1 mixture of DNA and RNA were assayed with the Quant-iT™1X dsDNA HS Assay. Fluorescence was measured at 502/532 nm and plotted versus the concentration ofthe RNA or DNA sample alone, or versus the mass of the DNA component in the 1:1 mixture. The variation(CV) of replicate DNA determinations was ≤2%. The inset is an expanded view of the low range of the assayshowing the extreme sensitivity of the assay for DNA. Background fluorescence has not been subtracted.Effect of temperature on theQuant-iT™ 1X dsDNA HSAssayFigure 5. Plot of fluorescence vs. temperature for the Quant-iT™ 1X dsDNA HS Assay. The Quant-iT™assays are designed to be performed at room temperature, as temperature fluctuations can influence theaccuracy of the assay.Contaminants tolerated by the Quant-iT ™ 1X dsDNA HSAssayNote: While the contaminant tolerances of the Quant-iT ™ 1X dsDNA HS assay and theQuant-iT ™ dsDNA HS assay are largely similar, they are not identical.Reference1. J Biomol Screen 4, 67–73 (1999).Table 2. Effect of contaminants in the Quant-iT ™1X dsDNA HS Assay*/support | /askaquestion Limited Product WarrantyLife Technologies Corporation and/or its affiliate(s) warrant their products as set forth in the Life Technologies’ General Terms and Conditions of Sale found on Life Technologies’ website at /us/en/home/global/terms-and-conditions.html . If you have any questions, please contact Life Technologies at /support .Life Technologies Corporation | 29851 Willow Creek Road | Eugene, OR 97402 USAFor descriptions of symbols on product labels or prodoct documents, go to /symbols-definition .The information in this guide is subject to change without notice.DISCLAIMER: TO THE EXTENT ALLOWED BY LAW, LIFE TECHNOLOGIES AND/OR ITS AFFILIATE(S) WILL NOT BE LIABLE FOR SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL,INDIRECT, PUNITIVE, MULTIPLE OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES IN CONNECTION WITH OR ARISING FROM THIS DOCUMENT, INCLUDING YOUR USE OF IT.Important Licensing Information: These products may be covered by one or more Limited Use Label Licenses. By use of these products, you accept the terms and conditions of all applicable Limited Use Label Licenses.Revision history:Pub. No. MAN0017526©2021 Thermo Fisher Scientific Inc. All rights reserved. All trademarks are the property of Thermo Fisher Scientific and its subsidiaries unless otherwise specified .Ordering informationCat. No. Product name Unit size Q33232Quant-iT™ 1X dsDNA HS Assay Kit.................................................................... 1 kitRelated products Q33267 Quant-iT™ 1X dsDNA BR Assay Kit.................................................................... 1 kit Q33120 Quant-iT™ dsDNA Assay Kit, High Sensitivity............................................................ 1 kit Q33130 Quant-iT™ dsDNA Assay Kit, Broad Range.............................................................. 1 kit Q10213 Quant-iT™ RNA Assay Kit, Broad Range................................................................ 1 kit Q33140 Quant-iT™ RNA Assay Kit, 1000 assays ................................................................ 1 kit Q32882 Quant-iT™ microRNA Assay Kit, 1000 assays............................................................ 1 kit Q33210 Quant-iT™ Protein Assay Kit, 1000 assays .............................................................. 1 kit O11492 Quant-iT™ OliGreen™ ssDNA Assay Kit ................................................................ 1 kit Q33233 Qubit™ 1X dsDNA Assay- Lambda Standard ............................................................ 1 kit Q33238 Qubit™ 4 Fluorometer with WiFi....................................................................... 1 each Q33327 Qubit™ Flex Fluorometer ............................................................................ 1 each Q33252 Qubit™ Flex Assay Tube Strips .................................................................. 125 tube strips M33089 Microplates for fluorescence-based assays, 96-well (black-walled, clear bottom) ................................ 10 plates。

dna测试英语作文DNA Testing。

DNA testing, also known as genetic testing, has become increasingly popular in recent years. It is a scientific method used to determine an individual's genetic makeup and can provide valuable information about a person's ancestry, health risks, and even paternity. With the advancement of technology, DNA testing has become more accessible and affordable, allowing more people to explore their genetic heritage and gain insights into their own biology.One of the main reasons why DNA testing has gained popularity is its ability to trace a person's ancestry. Many people are curious about their roots and want to learn more about their family history. DNA testing can provide a breakdown of a person's ethnic makeup, revealing the different regions and populations that their ancestors came from. This information can be fascinating and can help individuals connect with their heritage and understandtheir cultural background better.In addition to ancestry testing, DNA testing can also provide valuable information about an individual's health risks. Certain genetic variations can increase the likelihood of developing certain diseases or conditions. By analyzing a person's DNA, scientists can identify these variations and provide individuals with insights into their potential health risks. This information can be crucial in preventive healthcare, as it allows individuals to take necessary precautions and make lifestyle choices that can reduce their risk of developing certain diseases.Furthermore, DNA testing can be used to determine paternity. In cases where there is doubt about the biological father of a child, a DNA test can provide conclusive evidence. This can have significant legal and emotional implications, as it can resolve disputes, establish legal rights and responsibilities, and provide closure for all parties involved. DNA testing has revolutionized the field of paternity testing, providing accurate and reliable results with a high degree ofcertainty.However, it is important to consider the ethical implications of DNA testing. While it can provideindividuals with valuable information, it also raises concerns about privacy and the potential misuse of genetic data. DNA testing companies often store and analyze genetic information, raising questions about the security and confidentiality of this data. There is also the risk of genetic discrimination, where individuals may face discrimination based on their genetic predispositions or health risks. It is crucial for policymakers and society as a whole to address these ethical concerns and ensure that appropriate regulations are in place to protectindividuals' privacy and prevent genetic discrimination.In conclusion, DNA testing has become a popular and accessible method for individuals to explore their genetic heritage and gain insights into their biology. It can provide information about a person's ancestry, health risks, and even paternity. However, it is essential to considerthe ethical implications and ensure that appropriateregulations are in place to protect individuals' privacy and prevent genetic discrimination. DNA testing has undoubtedly revolutionized our understanding of genetics and has the potential to continue playing a significant role in various fields, including healthcare, genealogy, and forensic science.。

基因工程英语介绍Gene engineering, also known as genetic engineering or genetic modification, is the manipulation or modification of an organism's genes using biotechnology techniques. It involves adding, removing, or altering specific genes in an organism's DNA to create desirable traits, improve its performance, or produce useful products.Gene engineering has numerous applications in various fields. In agriculture, it is used to develop genetically modified crops that have improved resistance to pests, diseases, and environmental conditions, leading to increased yield and reduced reliance on chemical pesticides and herbicides. Genetically modified crops can also be engineered to have enhanced nutritional content, such as increased vitamin or mineral levels.In the field of medicine, gene engineering plays a crucial role in the development of therapeutic drugs and treatments. Researchers can modify the genetic material of cells to produce proteins or enzymes that can be used to treat specific diseases, such as diabetes, cancer, or genetic disorders. Gene engineering also allows for the production of pharmaceuticals through the use of genetically modified microorganisms, such as bacteria or yeast, to produce proteins or other molecules on a large scale.Another application of gene engineering is in bioremediation, where genetically modified organisms are used to remove or neutralize pollutants in the environment. These organisms can be engineered to have enhanced capabilities in breaking down or metabolizing toxic compounds, helping to clean up contaminatedsites.While gene engineering holds great potential for addressing various challenges and improving the quality of life, it also raises ethical and safety concerns. Critics argue that manipulating the genetic makeup of organisms can have unintended consequences on ecosystems, human health, and natural biodiversity. Therefore, strict regulations and ethical guidelines are in place to ensure responsible and safe practices in gene engineering research and application.In conclusion, gene engineering is a powerful tool that allows scientists to manipulate and modify an organism's genes. It has wide-ranging applications in agriculture, medicine, and environmental remediation. However, careful consideration of ethical and safety issues is essential to harnessing the benefits of gene engineering while minimizing potential risks.。

dna发现历程英文作文The discovery of DNA was a groundbreaking moment in the history of science. It opened up a whole new world of possibilities and revolutionized our understanding of genetics and heredity.Scientists had been studying cells and their components for years, but it wasn't until the 1950s that they finally unraveled the mystery of DNA. This discovery was the result of years of research and experimentation, and it changed the way we think about life and the natural world.The discovery of DNA also had a huge impact on thefield of medicine. It allowed scientists to better understand the genetic basis of diseases and develop new treatments and therapies. This has led to significant advancements in the treatment of genetic disorders and has improved the overall quality of healthcare.The study of DNA has also had a major impact on thefield of forensics. DNA evidence has become an essential tool in solving crimes and identifying suspects. It has revolutionized the way we investigate and prosecutecriminal cases, and has helped to bring many perpetrators to justice.In addition to its practical applications, the discovery of DNA has also had a profound impact on our understanding of evolution and the natural world. It has provided us with a wealth of information about the history of life on Earth and the relationships between different species.Overall, the discovery of DNA has had a profound andfar-reaching impact on science, medicine, and our understanding of the natural world. It has opened up new possibilities and has revolutionized the way we think about life and genetics.。