牛津英语8B知识点梳理

8B知识重点Unit 1Welcome to the unit P.6--71.在过去的10年里(现完标志)over /in/ during the past/ last 10 years在过去in /during the past(一般过去时标志)2.不同时期的交通工具transport at different times3.现在和过去past and present现在at present = now4.将A改变成B c hange A into B改变很多change(动词) a lot这些年这镇变化大吗？(change n.变化可数)Has Sunshine Town changed a lot over the years? 在香港，有了很多的变化。

There have been many changes in Hong Kong.=Many changes have taken place in HK.时代改变了。

Times have changed.5.(1)过去常常…(现在不这样) used to do /be你过去对我友好。

You used to be kind to me.过去有…，不是吗？There used to be…, didn’t there?(2)A被用来做某事 A be used to do/ for doing(3) 某人习惯与做某事sb be/get used to doing 6.等下一辆车要很长时间。

It took a long time to wait for the next bus.7.方便快捷easy and fast环城go around the cityReading P.8-118.非常了解sth know sth very well你有多了解A？How well do you know A?9.我一出生就住在这儿。

I’ve lived here since I was born.从那时起我们就住在这片区域。

上海牛津英语8B知识点总结Contents目录Key points主要知识点Additional points拓展知识点Unit 1 1. 词汇与短语2. 一般将来时（1）一般将来时（2）Unit 1 复习与巩固1. 听力2. 词汇与语法3. 阅读4. 写作Unit 2 1. 词汇与短语2. 数量（a lot of, a few,a little,toomuch,too many)可数，不可数名词量的修饰Unit 2 复习与巩固1. 听力2. 词汇与语法3. 阅读4. 写作Unit 3 1. 词汇与短语2. 情态动词can,must ,may3. 宾语从句(1)宾语从句(1)Unit 3 复习与巩固1. 听力2. 词汇与语法3. 阅读4.写作Unit 4 1. 词汇与短语2. 情态动词should,ought to3. 宾语从句(2)宾语从句(2)Unit 4 复习与巩固1听力2.词汇与语法3.阅读4写作Unit 5 1词汇与短语2.代词3.时间状语从句时间状语从句专项Unit 5 复习与巩固1. 听力2. 词汇与语法3. 阅读4. 写作Unit 6 1.词汇与短语2.定冠词the3.连词and,but,so 不定冠词a/an 定冠词the零冠词Unit 6 复习与巩固1. 听力2. 词汇与语法3. 阅读4. 写作Unit 7 1词汇与短语2.who和whose3.名词性物主代词3.one和ones.形容词性、名词性物主代词Unit 7 复习与巩固1. 听力2. 词汇与语法3. 阅读4. 写作动词的各种时态1.一般现在时2.现在进行时3.一般过去时4.过去进行时5.一般将来时时态之间的比较与区别1.一般过去时2.现在完成时3.过去完成时现在完成时与一般过去时的区别；现在完成时与过去完成时的区别状语从句补充1.条件状语从句if,though2.原因状语从句Because,for,since3.结果状语从句So(such)....that4.目的状语从句So that单项选择强化训练全面巩固本学期所学基础知识点首字母强化训练启发思维体会技巧阅读理解强化训练掌握策略熟能生巧。

8B Unit 1一掌握下面的短语和句型：(Comic strip and Welcome to the unit)1.an hour ago 一个小时前（用于一般过去时）2.(1) not… any more 不再(2) want to do sth 想要干某事(3) play with 和……一起玩，玩弄3.time (1) “时代”，常用复数。

The times are different.时代不同了。

(2)“时间”，不可数名词。

短语和句型：(1) at that time 在那时；at times = from time to time有时；all the time 一直；at the same time 同时；at a time 一次；in time 及时；on time 按时；in no time 立刻，很快；once upon a time 从前(2)It’s time (for sb.) to do sth. 是（某人）做某事的时间了。

(Reading, Vocabulary)1.in fact 事实上2.marry 结婚，娶，嫁（1）marry sb. ＝be/get married to与……结婚（2）be /get married 结婚3.move to 搬到……4.change a lot 变化很大5.in the past 在过去6.Chinese medicine shop 中药店7.turn into （使）变成8.play cards 打牌，打扑克9.play Chinese chess 下棋10.once 从前11.take off （飞机等）起飞land （飞机等）着陆12.It is … to do sth. 做某事是……。

（不定式作主语）13.lonely （情感上）孤独的，寂寞的。

可作表语和定语。

alone （处境上）单独的（地），独立的（地）。

可作表语和状语。

牛津初中英语8B unit1—unit8 知识点归纳8B Unit1【考点精讲】一、核心词汇1．past n．[考点点拨] past作名词，意为“过去”，其还可作介词和形容词，可用于如下情况：in the past （n．）在过去；half past(prep.)five 5点半；in the past(adj.)three years在过去的3年里。

如：When he walks past our desks, he always knocks ourbooks and pens off the desks.当他走过我们课桌的时候，他总是把我们的书本和钢笔从课桌上碰掉下来。

The boy finished his homework with the help of his father in the past.这个男孩过去是在他父亲的帮助下完成作业的。

2．present n．[考点点拨]present作名词，意为“现在，目前”。

At present＝at the moment＝right now目前；其还可作形容词，your present job你目前的工作；present用作名词，还可表示“礼物”，a birthday present -份生日礼物。

如：He is washing his clothes at present.现在他正在洗衣服。

3．northern adj。

[考点点拨] 方位词：north-northern; west-western; south-southern; east-eastern。

如：in the north of China ＝in the northern part of China在中国北部East China华东；North China华北The northern part of the city used to be sparsely populated, but has now become a cultural centre. 城北过去人口稀少，但现在成了文化中心。

.牛津<8B>词组、句型语法总结Unit 1 treesI. Phrases动词词组：1. be interested in2. be known as3. be in danger4. breathe pure, cool air5. municate with sb6. keepsb alive and healthy7. know a lot about sth8. protectsb/sth from sth9. protect by sth/doing sth10. read through sth11. releasesth into sth12. taste nasty13. thanksb for sth/doing sth14. warnsb/sth <not> to do sth名词词组：1. average age2. living things3. one another其他词组：as well asII. Sentence Patterns1.What good be sth?2.I suppose that+从句3.Sbbe doing sth these days.Grammer现在进行时1.表示现阶段正在进行着的动作但不一定是说话时正在进行.常和at present〔目前〕、this week〔本周〕、these days〔这几天〕,all the time<一直>等时间状语连用. What lesson are you studying this week？你们本周学哪一课了？〔说话时并不在学〕2.现在进行时有时可用来表示一个在最近按计划或安排要进行的动作即是说可以用来代替将来时,但此时,一般要与表示将来的时间状语连用,而且仅限于少量动词.如：e〔来〕、go〔去〕、leave〔离开〕、arrive〔到达〕、start〔开始〕、return〔返回〕、sleep〔睡觉〕Are you going to Tianjin tomorrow？你明天去##吗？How many of you are ing to the party next week？你们有多少人下周要来参加晚会？.Unit 2WaterI. Phrases动词词组：1. pour into the sink2. sound impatient/puzzled3. add A to B4. carrysb to some place5. clean up6. dropsth into some place7. enjoy the view8. finish with sth9. pumpsth into some place10. speed down the mountain11. run into the Huangpu River12. turn it off13. travel a long way名词词组：1. a water treatment works2. a sewage plant3. a thorough cleaning4. the Yangtze RiverII. Sentence Patterns1.It is + adj + for sb + to do2.It is time <for sb> to do sth3.until/till 直到not … until 直到…才4.What do you mean by sth/doing sth?Grammar：amountsA lot of/lots of/plenty of+可数名词a large amount of +不可数名词a little ,much ,a few ,many,a number of 和the number of 之间的区别Unit 3 ElectricityI. Phrases动词词组：1. be careful with sth2. be connected to sth3. buysth in packets4. changesth into sth5. flow through a wire6. getsbsth = get sth for sb7. lookadj<eg.foolish>8. make electricity9. refer to sth10. scratch one’s head11. think of名词词组：1. a light bulb2. a power station3. a packet of4. heat/movement/light/sound energy5. thin wires介词词组：1. in a way = partly2. on one’s faceII. Sentence Patterns1.Can sb do sth?May sb do sth?Sb must <not> do sth.--Must sb do sth?--Yes, sb must./ No, sb needn’t.2.Sb believe/know/think/tell/wonder/ask + 宾语从句3.If it doesn’t rain tomorrow, We will go for a piic.He wonders if/whether it will rain tomorrow.Grammar:Modal verbs:can/could之间的区别,must/need ,may提问的回答,should,ought to疑问句与否定回答,may be /maybe之间的区别Unit 4 NewspapersI. Phrases动词词组：1. agree to do/ with sb/ on sth2. arrange to do sth3. attend a/the meeting4. be at the meeting5. be responsible for sth6. conclude the meeting7. elect sb to be + 称谓/职位/官衔8. have different ideas9. hold a meeting10. make a list of11. make a decision about sth12. ought <not> to do13. pay for sth14. publish a newspaper15. take charge of = be in charge of16. take notes17. talk over sth18. vote for sb名词词组：1. a pile of2. chief editor介词词组：in one week’s time其他词组：1. soon after2. not any more = no moreII. Sentence Patterns1.--Ought sb to do sth?--Yes, sb ought to do sth./No, sb oughtn’t to do sth2. Sbsuggest that sb <should> do sth.Sbsuggest doing sth.Grammer宾语从句时态；主现从随意、主过从过去,真理永不变语序：陈述语序宾语从句语序特殊情况1.What’s wrong?/What’s the matter?/What’s your trouble?2.Which is the way to…?3.Who引导的特殊疑问句且who做主语,变为宾语从句时,其语序不变.引导词：that ,if、whether,特殊疑问词人称：一随主,二随宾,：第三人称不更新宾从否定前移与缩写宾从反意疑问句代词:it,each/everyUnit 5 magazine articlesI. Phrases动词词组：1. <not> belong to sb2. be happy to do sth3. describesth to sb4. fall down5. go to sleep6. go off7. have a conversation with sb8. hearsb do sth9. keep balance10. keepsth out <eg. keep the smoke out>11. look/watch out12. leadsb to some place13. make sure14.obey the rules15. pull at sb16. save one’s life17. smell smoke18. seem like19. sound like + noun.20. take care of21. taste horrible22. try the phone23. walk into some place名词词组：1. reception desk2. the location of the fire exit3. moments/seconds later介词词组：1. in one’s own words2. against the rules3. during the fire其他词组：as soon asII. Sentence Patterns1.Can I have my key, please?2.It was dead.3.主句+ as soon as/when/before/after + 从句<时态：主将从现>4.Although + 从句,主句5.主句+ because /as/since/now that + 从句Sb/sth + be + so + adj + that + 从句<比较：enough … to do …；too … to do …>6.主句+ so that + 从句7.Safety first!8.Help oneself. Teach oneself. Make oneself at home. Enjoy oneself. Grammar：1. 结果状语从句<1>so…that, such…that, so that 引导.<2>so…that语such...that可以互换.结构：such a/an<形容词>+ 单数名词+that从句such〔+形容词〕+复数可数名词+that从句such〔+形容词〕+不可数名词+that从句so+形容词/副词+that从句so+形容词〔+a/an>+名词+that从句注：So+形容词+a/an+单数可数名词=such +a/an+形容词+单数可数名词<3>如果名词前由many, much, little, few等词修饰时,只能用so, 不用such..2. 比较状语从句1.由as…<形容词副词原级>as, 比较级+ than…等连词引导."比较级+and+比较级〞译为"越来越……〞1. The earth is getting warmer and warmer.地球变得越来越暖和.2."the+比较级…,the+比较级…〞译为"越……就越……〞1. The busier he is, the happier he feels.他越忙就越高兴.3."the+比较级+ of the two〞译为"两个中比较……的〞.1. This watch is the cheaper of the two.这支手表是两个中比较便宜的.3. 目的状语从句〔1〕通常由so that, in order that引导.〔2〕so that既可引导目的状语从句,又可引导结果状语从句.目的状语从句里往往带有情态动词can, could,等.从意思上看,目的状语从句往往表示的目的很明确.<3>so that, in order that可以转换成so as to和in order to简单句.4. 让步状语从句〔1〕由although, though等连词引导.〔2〕although<though>…but…不能用在同一个句子中5 .用too…to…/ so… that改写句子用enough…to/so…that改写句子Unit 6 travelI. Phrases动词词组：1. be excellent insth2. be covered with sth3. be an hour away from4. be similar to5. sth be familiar to sb = sb be familiar with sth6. be famous for/ be known as7. enablesb to do sth8. further one’s studies9. go abroad10. go for a holiday11. remindsb of sth12. spread one’s wings13.try doing sth/ to do sth14. used to do sth/be used to doing sth/be used to do sth名词词组：1. French Film Festivals2. language schools3. mountain regions4. rows of5. scenic areas6. tree-lined streets7. the influence of sb/sth8. the world’s top designer names9. the Atlantic Ocean10. the capital of France11. The Channel Tunnel介词词组：1. all over the world = throughout the world2. from … to3. in addition = besides/what’s more4. in some ways5. in art and culture其他词组：1. the same + noun + as2. such as + nounII. Sentence Patterns1.Now that + 从句,主句2.It is + adj + to do sth3.Why not do sth? = Why don’t you do sth? = What about doing sth?Grammar:连词就近原则：not only...but also..., or, either...or..., neither...nor... ,there be …,not…but…就远原则:as well as,together withBoth+不可数and+不可数谓语用复数Unit 7 poemsI. Phrases动词词组：1. be cross2. be scared3. be pleased with sth4. be puzzled by5. chat with sb6. sb be bored with sth/sth be boring to sb7. feel like doing sth8. findsth interesting9. go to sleep/bed10. have a shower11. pay attention <to>12. putsb in detention13. sit in a chair介词词组：1. on one’s own2. on the building siteII. Sentence Patterns1.--Whose friend is sb?--Sb is one’s/mine/yours/his/hers/theirs.2. There is sb doing sth3. I would like to do sthGrammar:疑问代词whose"谁的〞对名词性物主代词和形容词性物主代词提问Who’s=who is 对某人提问One、ones,One代替前面已经出现过的单数可数名词,以避免重复Ones一般指代前面已经出现过的复数可数名词It/one都可指代前面提到的名词,但it代替的是前面提到的那件特指的事物,而one所指代的是前面提到的同类事物,但不是同一件.。

牛津初中英语8B unit1—unit8 知识点归纳8B Unit1【考点精讲】一、核心词汇1．past n．[考点点拨] past作名词，意为“过去〞，其还可作介词和形容词，可用于如下情况：in the past 〔n．〕在过去；half past(prep.)five 5点半；in the past(adj.)three years在过去的3年里。

如：When he walks past our desks, he always knocks ourbooks and pens off the desks.当他走过我们课桌的时候，他总是把我们的书本和钢笔从课桌上碰掉下来。

The boy finished his homework with the help of his fatherin the past.这个男孩过去是在他父亲的帮助下完成作业的。

2．present n．[考点点拨]present作名词，意为“现在，目前〞。

At present＝at the moment＝right now目前；其还可作形容词，your present job你目前的工作；present用作名词，还可表示“礼物〞，a birthday present -份生日礼物。

如：He iswashing his clothes at present.现在他正在洗衣服。

3．northern adj。

[考点点拨] 方位词：north-northern; west-western; south-southern; east-eastern。

如：in the north of China ＝in the northern part of China在中国北部East China华东；North China华北The northern part of the city used to be sparselypopulated, but has now bee a cultural centre.城北过去人口稀少，但现在成了文化中心。

⽜津英语8B_unit3知识点语法汇总（超级精华）.doc(⽜津初中英语总复习) 8B Unit 3⼀.【精选词汇】 ㈠重点短语 1. I have no idea.＝I’ve no idea.＝I don’t know.我不知道。

(p40) 2. turn on the TV →turn on/off打开/关闭…，turn up/down调⼤/调低；都是“动词＋副词”。

3. change the channel换台→on Channel…在…台，e.g. on CCTV-5→拓展：theEnglish Channel英吉利海峡 4. different uses of computers计算机的不同⽤途： draw and design, play computer games, search for information, send andreceive e-mails收发电⼦邮件, do word processing进⾏⽂字处理, write computerprograms编写计算机程序 (p41) 5. travel around the world in eight hours⼋⼩时环游地球，educational CD-ROM教育软件 (p42) 6. come out (书等)出版，发⾏，发表，不能⽤于被动语态，可以转化为bepublished。

〈知识链接〉When will her new novel come out?＝When will her new novel bepublished? 〈⽤法拓展〉⑴(太阳、⽉亮或星星)出现；露出，e.g. The rained stopped and〈⽤法拓展〉the sun came out. ⑵(花朵)开放；(草)出芽，e.g. In March flowers and grass come out. 7. learn English and geography at the same time同时学英语和地理→at the sametime同时 〈知识链接〉learn and play at the same time边学边玩 8. the main character主⾓→play the main character of…＝play the lead roleof… 〈知识链接〉play the role…扮演…，the best actor最佳男主⾓，the bestactress最佳⼥主⾓ 9. have/get itchy feet渴望旅⾏，e.g. She has gone to Australia－she has alwayshad itchy feet. 10. help you learn English by testing your knowledge of English grammar andvocabulary (p43) 〈知识链接〉〈知识链接〉⑴by介词，通过某种⽅法、⼿段，后接名词或动词-ing。

牛津初中英语8B unit1—unit8 知识点归纳8B Unit1【考点精讲】一、核心词汇1．past n．[考点点拨]past作名词，意为“过去”，其还可作介词和形容词，可用于如下情况：in the past（n．）在过去；half past(prep.)five 5点半；in the past(adj.)three years在过去的3年里。

如：When he walks past our desks, he always knocks ourbooks and pens off the desks.当他走过我们课桌的时候，他总是把我们的书本和钢笔从课桌上碰掉下来。

The boy finished his homework with the help of his father in the past.这个男孩过去是在他父亲的帮助下完成作业的。

2．present n．[考点点拨]present作名词，意为“现在，目前”。

At present＝at the moment＝right now 目前；其还可作形容词，your present job你目前的工作；present用作名词，还可表示“礼物”，a birthday present -份生日礼物。

如：He is washing his clothes at present.现在他正在洗衣服。

3．northern adj。

[考点点拨] 方位词：north-northern; west-western; south-southern; east-eastern。

如：in the north of China ＝ in the northern part of China在中国北部East China华东；North China华北The northern part of the city used to be sparsely populated, but has now bee a cultural centre.城北过去人口稀少，但现在成了文化中心。

牛津英语8B Unit 4知识点一、重点单词1.read n. 读物read er n. 读者read v. (read-read-read)2.cooking n.烹饪，烹调cook v. 煮n. 厨师cook er n. 厨具3.Germany n. 德国German n. 德国人adj. 德国的4.knowledge n. 知识【U】know---know ledgeKnowledge is power. 知识就是力量。

5.spare adj. 空闲的；多余的in one’s spare time=in one’s free time 在某人的空余时间6.French adj. 法国的France n. 法国French man n. 法国人（Frenchmen）7.ugly adj.丑陋的(uglier-ugliest)反义词：beautiful/good-looking/pretty an ugly man8.touch vt. 感动，触动，触摸n. keep in touch with… 与……保持联系9.against prep.(hitting something) 紧靠，碰，撞;反对against the law 做违法的事10. tie v.(hold things together with ropes) 捆，绑tie—tie d-- t ying tie sth to…11. stomach n. 腹部；胃stomach s have a stomachache 胃痛12. until 直到…为止till not…until…. 直到…才….13. tiny adj. (very small) 极小的tiny---tinier--- tiniest14. continue v. （keep doing something ）继续continue doing sth / continue to do sth15. either 也（否定句句末）either 两者之中任一个的；两者之中任一个，16. manage (finish what you have tried to do) 设法完成，管理manage r经理manage to do sth.设法完成做某事17. lift vt.举起，抬高，提高n. 电梯go up and down by lift \in a lift 乘电梯上下楼18. unable 不能的，不会的反ablebe unable / able to do 没\有能力做某事19. review n. 评论v.复习(go over)20. return vt. (give sth back to …) 归还返回return=come/go back21. publish vt.出版publish es publish ed22. refuse vt.拒绝；回绝(say that you will not do sth.) refuse sth./ refuse to do sth.23. success n.成功（U）Failure is the mother of success.(失败乃成功之母) n. 成功的人或事（可数）success ful adj.successful ly adv.succeed v.成功succeed in (doing) sth.24. sales n.销售量on sale在出售for sale供出售25. Canad ian adj. 加拿大（人）的Canada26. hidden adj.隐藏的hide-hid-hiddenhidden danger hidden trouble隐患27. confidence n. 信心with confidence 满怀信心地confident adj.自信的confidently adv.28. experience n.经验(U) 经历(C)an unusual experience一次非凡的经历a meaningful experience一次有意义的经历29. advice n.(U) 建议，忠告，劝告give advice / a piece of advice / give sb. some advice on ….advise v. 建议，劝告advise sb. (not) to do sth.30. classical adj. 古典的classical music 古典音乐/ classical art 古典艺术the four great classical Chinese novels中国四大古典名著二、重点短语1. a good read 一本好读物2. touch sb. 感动某人3. read novels and plays 阅读小说和戏剧4. wake me up 叫醒某人5. eel something on my leg感觉腿上有东西6. look down向下看7. make them fall over 使他们摔倒8. shout at sb朝某人大叫9. try to pull one hand free试着挣脱一只手10. begin doing / to do sth . 开始做某事11. manage to break the ropes 设法弄断绳子12. lift my left hand into the air 把我的左手举到空中13. a huge army of tiny people 一大群小人14. come straight towards me 向我直冲过来15. run away from them 逃脱他们run/ get away from 从….. 逃走16.keep doing something 不间断地做某事17. find himself unable to move 发现他自己不能动弹18. stand on one's shoulder 站在某人的肩膀上19. communicate with sb 和某人交流20. hold things together with ropes用绳子把东西捆在一起21. talk to him about the book 和他讲这本书22. in such a short time 在如此短的时间里23. hand in 上交24. renew the books 续借这些书25. a great success 一个巨大的成功26. translate the story into 70 languages 把这个故事翻译成70种语言27. at a time 一次28. renew them online 在网上续借他们29. the main character in the book 书中的主人公30. find them really interesting 发现它们真的很有趣31.give me a lot of confidence 给我很多自信32.I’m not as shy as I used to be. 我不再像以前那样害羞了。

牛津初中英语8Ｂuniｔ1—unｉｔ8知识点归纳8B Unit1【考点精讲】一、核心词汇1.paｓt n、［考点点拨］pasｔ作名词,意为“过去",其还可作介词与形容词,可用于如下情况:in ｔｈｅpａｓｔ(n。

)在过去;ｈａlｆpast(ｐrｅｐ.)five 5点半;in the paｓt(ａdj。

)ｔhｒee yearｓ在过去得３年里、如:Wｈｅn he wａlks pastｏur dｅsks, hｅalways knｏｃｋs ourbｏｏkｓａｎd penｓoff tｈe dｅsks。

当她走过我们课桌得时候,她总就是把我们得书本与钢笔从课桌上碰掉下来。

Thｅboy finiｓｈed ｈis ｈomework ｗith thｅｈelp of his father in the ｐast.这个男孩过去就是在她父亲得帮助下完成作业得。

2.pｒeseｎt n。

［考点点拨]ｐｒｅｓｅｎｔ作名词,意为“现在,目前”。

At ｐrｅsent＝ａt tｈe momeｎｔ=rｉgｈt ｎｏw目前;其还可作形容词,your present job您目前得工作;prｅsent用作名词,还可表示“礼物",ａｂｉｒthdａy presｅnt —份生日礼物。

如:Hｅｉs wasｈing hiｓｃlｏtｈeｓaｔpｒesｅnt.现在她正在洗衣服。

3.norｔheｒn adj。

［考点点拨] 方位词:ｎorｔh—ｎorｔｈｅrｎ; west—wｅｓｔｅｒn; south－souｔｈeｒn;ｅasｔ-eａsｔern、如:ｉn thｅnｏｒth of Ｃhina = ｉn tｈe noｒtｈern part of Ｃhｉna在中国北部East Cｈina华东;NortｈＣhina华北The northeｒn partｏf theｃｉｔy used to bｅspａｒselｙｐｏpulaｔｅｄ, bｕt has now beｅa cultural ｃentre.城北过去人口稀少,但现在成了文化中心。

8BU81、dig diggingdig-dug-dug2、serious adj.认真的；严肃的比较级：more serious 最高级：most seriousadv.seriouslybe serious about sth. 对某事是认真的My father is serious about his work. 我的父亲对工作很认真。

Don’t laugh,boy. This is serious. 小伙子，别笑。

这很严肃。

serious 严重的The boy has a serious disease. 这个女孩得了严重的疾病。

3、reduce v.减少反：increasereduce指在数量、数目上的减少reduce to 减少到reduce by 减少了We can reduce his speech to threee sentences.我们可以把他的发言减少到三句话。

As a result,costs will be reduced by as much as 90%.因此，成本将会降低90%。

4、pollution [U] 污染air pollution 空气污染water pollution 水污染noise pollution 噪音污染light pollution 光污染5、by + n./pron./doing 通过某种方式6、turn on 打开turn off 关闭turn up 音量调高turn down 音量调低7、when 当......的时候主将从现8、cause 导致；造成cause sb. sth. = cause sth. to sb.He caused his parents much trouble. = He caused much trouble to his parents.他给父母带来很多烦恼。

9、wise 明智的adv.wiselyShe has the air of a wise woman. 她有才女气质。

牛津初中英语8B unit1—unit8 知识点归纳8B Unit1【考点精讲】一、核心词汇1．past n．[考点点拨］past作名词，意为“过去"，其还可作介词和形容词，可用于如下情况:in the past(n．）在过去；half past(prep.）five 5点半；in the past(adj.）three years在过去的3年里。

如:When he walks past our desks，he always knocks ourbooks and pens off the desks.当他走过我们课桌的时候，他总是把我们的书本和钢笔从课桌上碰掉下来。

The boy finished his homework with the help of his father in the past。

这个男孩过去是在他父亲的帮助下完成作业的。

2．present n．［考点点拨］present作名词，意为“现在,目前”.At present＝at the moment＝right now目前；其还可作形容词，your present job你目前的工作；present用作名词，还可表示“礼物”，a birthday present —份生日礼物。

如:He is washing his clothes at present.现在他正在洗衣服。

3．northern adj.[考点点拨］方位词：north-northern; west-western；south-southern; east—eastern.如：in the north of China ＝in the northern part of China在中国北部East China华东；North China华北The northern part of the city used to be sparsely populated, but has now become a cultural centre。

牛津初中英语8B unit1—unit8 知识点归纳8B Unit1【考点精讲】一、核心词汇1．past n．［考点点拨] past作名词,意为“过去",其还可作介词和形容词，可用于如下情况：in the past （n．）在过去；half past（prep.）five 5点半；in the past（adj。

）three years在过去的3年里。

如：When he walks past our desks，he always knocks ourbooks and pens off the desks。

当他走过我们课桌的时候，他总是把我们的书本和钢笔从课桌上碰掉下来。

The boy finished his homework with the help of his father in the past。

这个男孩过去是在他父亲的帮助下完成作业的。

2．present n．[考点点拨]present作名词，意为“现在，目前”。

At present＝at the moment＝right now目前；其还可作形容词，your present job你目前的工作；present用作名词,还可表示“礼物”，a birthday present -份生日礼物。

如:He is washing his clothes at present。

现在他正在洗衣服。

3．northern adj。

［考点点拨] 方位词:north-northern；west—western; south—southern; east-eastern.如:in the north of China ＝in the northern part of China在中国北部East China华东；North China华北The northern part of the city used to be sparsely populated, but has now become a cultural centre。

牛津初中英语8B unit1—unit8 知识点归纳8B Unit1【考点精讲】一、核心词汇1．past n．[考点点拨]past作名词，意为“过去”，其还可作介词和形容词，可用于如下情况：in the past（n．）在过去；half past(prep.)five 5点半；in the past(adj.)three years在过去的3年里。

如：When he walks past our desks, he always knocks ourbooks and pens off the desks.当他走过我们课桌的时候，他总是把我们的书本和钢笔从课桌上碰掉下来。

The boy finished his homework with the help of his father in the past.这个男孩过去是在他父亲的帮助下完成作业的。

2．present n．[考点点拨]present作名词，意为“现在，目前”。

At present＝at the moment＝right now 目前；其还可作形容词，your present job你目前的工作；present用作名词，还可表示“礼物”，a birthday present -份生日礼物。

如：He is washing his clothes at present.现在他正在洗衣服。

3．northern adj。

[考点点拨] 方位词：north-northern; west-western; south-southern; east-eastern。

如：in the north of China ＝ in the northern part of China在中国北部East China华东；North China华北The northern part of the city used to be sparsely populated, but has now become a cultural centre.城北过去人口稀少，但现在成了文化中心。

8B知识重点Unit 1Welcome to the unit P.6--71.在过去的10年里(现完标志)over /in/ during the past/ last 10 years在过去in /during the past(一般过去时标志)2.不同时期的交通工具transport at different times3.现在和过去past and present现在at present = now4.将A改变成B change A into B改变很多change(动词) a lot这些年这镇变化大吗？(change n.变化可数)Has Sunshine Town changed a lot over the years? 在香港，有了很多的变化。

There have been many changes in Hong Kong. =Many changes have taken place in HK.时代改变了。

Times have changed.5.(1)过去常常…(现在不这样) used to do /be你过去对我友好。

You used to be kind to me.过去有…，不是吗？There used to be…, didn’t there?(2)A被用来做某事 A be used to do/ for doing(3) 某人习惯与做某事sb be/get used to doing 6.等下一辆车要很长时间。

It took a long time to wait for the next bus. 7.方便快捷easy and fast环城go around the cityReading P.8-118.非常了解sth know sth very well你有多了解A？How well do you know A?9.我一出生就住在这儿。

I’ve lived here since I was born.从那时起我们就住在这片区域。