Removed_英语中代词的用法
- 格式:pdf
- 大小:170.05 KB
- 文档页数:6
little 则表示数量虽然少但毕竟还有,强调“有”,含有肯定意义。
如:He knew few of them. He sold only a few of the papers. 他只卖出了几份报纸。
He knew little about it. There is still a little left.
4. all, every, each的用法。从强调重点上看:all强调整体,every 强调总体中的所有成员(与all很接近),each则强调逐个逐个地;从用法上看:all和each既可单独使用,也可后接名词,还可后接of短语;而every 后必须接名词,既不能单独使用也不能后接of 短语;从含义上看,each 指两者或两者以上的“每个”,every指三者或三者以上“每个”,因此指两者时只能用each。
如:All was destroyed in the big fire.Each of us has a book.
All are present.= Everyone is present..
注意:1)在表示“每个”、“全体”意思时,every的意思与all很接近。但一般情况下every和单数名词搭配,all和复数名词搭配。
例:Every child enjoys Christmas.All children enjoy Christmas.
2)each也是“每一个”的意思,但与every不同,each用于指两个或两个以上的人或物,着重于个别概念。
例:Two men came into the room.Each carried an umbrella.
Each/Every book on this desk is worth reading.
5. other, the other, another, others的用法。指单数时,若泛指用another,若特指用the other;指复数时,若泛指用other(后接复数名词)或others(其后不接名词),若特指用the other (后接复数名词)或the others(其后不接名词)。
如:Show me some others. Show me another.
We should think of others. Where are the other students?
注:another后一般要单数可数名词,若其后的名词有数词或few 修饰,则也可接复数名词。
如:I've got another five minutes. 我还有5分钟。
6. no one, nobody, none 的用法。no one 与nobody 用法相似,均只用于指人不用于指物,且其后不能接of短语,用作主语时谓语用单数;而none 既可用于指人也可用于指物,其后通常接of短语,用作主语时,若指不可数名词,谓语只能用单数,若指复数名词,则谓语可用单数(较正式)也可用复数(用于非正式文体)。
如:No one [Nobody] has read it. None of this milk can be used.
None of the films is [are] worth seeing.
7. 复合不定代词的用法。复合不定代词主要包括something, somebody, someone, anything, anybody, anyone, nothing, nobody, no one, everything, everybody, everyone 等,它们在句中可用作主语、宾语或表语,但不能用作定语。其中something, someone 等和anything, anyone 等的区别与some 和any 的区别一样,前者一般用于肯定句,后者一般用于否定句、疑问句或条件句。使用时应请注意以下几点:
(1) 受定语修饰时,定语应置于其后。
如:Tell us something interesting. There was nobody tired.
(2) 指人的复合不定代词若用作主语,其谓语动词一般用单数,相应的人称代词和物主代
词也用单数he, him, his (不一定指男性)。但在非正式文体中常用复数代词they, them, their。如:If anybody [anyone] comes, ask him [them] to wait. 要是有人来,让他等着。(3) anyone, everyone 等只能指人,不能指物,且其后一般不接of 短语。若是指物或后接
of 短语,可用any one, every one (即分开写)。
8.one, that和it
one表示泛指,that和it 表示特指。that与所指名词为同类,但不是同一个,而it 与所指名词为同一个。
one泛指任何人,可以在形容词和that,this等词后代替刚提过的可数名词,其
所有格形式为one’s,反身代词为oneself,复数形式为ones。
1)泛指“人”,如:
One should be strict with oneself.人应该严格要求自己。
2)表示“一个人或物”,如:
Chinese is one of the most useful languages in the world.汉语是世界上最有用的语言之一。
3)代替上文己出现过的可数名词,如
I’ve lost my pen. I want to buy a new one.我的钢笔丢了,我想买一枝新的。4)the one和the ones表示特定的人或物,如:
No film is as good as the one I saw last week.我上周看的电影最好。
Students who do well in examinations are the ones who ask questions in class.考试成绩好的都是上课爱提问的学生。
5)One前可以有形容词修饰,这时它需带冠词或受形容词性的物主代词修饰,如:
I have two balls. The old one is on the floor. The new one is in my hand.我有两
个球,旧的在地板上,新的在我手里。
He bought a new pen yesterday. His old one is broken.昨天他买了一支新钢笔,他那支旧的坏了。
6)one可用this,that,any,some,each,the,next,every,which等修饰,如:
Here are two umbrellas,which one is yours?This one or that one?这儿有两把伞,哪一个是你的?这个还是那个?
7)one或ones带后置定语时,前面要加定冠词,如:
Is this the one you want?这是你想要的那个吗?
8)one和it的区别,如:one和ones是泛指,表示同类中的任何一个或几个,it是特指,指代上文出现过的某一物。如:This book is a good one. May I borrow it?这是一本好书,我可以借它吗?
比较I can't find my hat. I think I must buy one.(不定)
我找不到我的帽子了。我想我该去买一顶。