Practice Test 1-10 听力原文

标准听力（一）——标准听力（十）听力原文及答案解析文本文件标准听力（五）听力原文及答案解析Part III Listening Comprehension Section A11. W: Excuse me, I?d like to place an advertisementfor a used car in this Sunday edition of yourpaper.M: Ok, but you have to run your advertisement all week.We can?t quote rates for just Sunday.Q: What are the speakers talking about? 【听前预测】选项均为动名词短语表明，本题可能考查对话话题。

选项中重复出现的advertisement，newspaper表明，对话可能与报纸上的广告有关。

【解析】选[B]。

对话中女士提到她想place an advertisement （发布一则广告），接着男士提到…run your advertisement all week（…广告要刊登一周），由此可知，对话与发布广告有关，故答案为[B]。

12. W: I really need to get in touch with Professor Nelson.I?ve got a chemistry problem I can?t solve. Butthere?re al ways students in his office.M: I?m attending an evening course given by Professor Nelson. Why don?t you give me yourquestion and let me ask him instead?Q: What will the man most probably do? 【听前预测】选项中的Help the woman，Solve the problem以及重复出现的Ask the professor等表明，对话与男士帮助女士解决问题有关，并涉及向教授请教，男士的话为听音重点。

雅思c10t1听力原题In the IELTS listening test, candidates are required to listen to a range of recordings and answer questions based on the information they hear. One common problem that test-takers face is the challenge of understanding different accents. This can be particularly difficult for non-native English speakers who may not be accustomed to hearing a variety of English accents. One perspective on thisissue is that it is a fair test of a candidate's listening skills. In the real world, people encounter different accents all the time, so being able to understand and interpret them is an important skill. By including recordings with different accents in the test, IELTS is ensuring that candidates are being assessed on their ability to listen to and comprehend English as it is spoken in different parts of the world. However, from the perspective of non-native English speakers, this can be a significant challenge. Accents from regions such as Australia, the United States, and the United Kingdom can vary greatly, and even native English speakers may struggle to understand certain accents. For non-native speakers, who may have learned English from a specific accent, such as British English, it can be particularly challenging to adapt to and understand different accents in a testing environment. Another perspective to consider is thepotential impact of accent diversity on a candidate's overall test score. If a candidate struggles to understand a particular accent in the listening test, it could significantly affect their performance and ultimately their final score.This raises questions about the fairness of the test and whether it is truly assessing a candidate's English language proficiency, or if it isdisproportionately penalizing them for their lack of exposure to diverse English accents. Additionally, the issue of accent diversity in the IELTS listening test raises questions about the broader implications for language learning and teaching. Should English language learners be encouraged to familiarize themselves with a variety of accents, or should there be a greater emphasis on understanding and communicating in a neutral, standardized form of English? This is a complex issue with implications for language education and the way English is taught and learned around the world. In conclusion, the challenge of understanding different accents in the IELTS listening test is a significant issue that affects many test-takers,particularly non-native English speakers. While some may argue that it is a fair assessment of a candidate's listening skills, others may raise concerns about the potential impact on test scores and the broader implications for language learning and teaching. It is important for IELTS to consider these perspectives and continue to strive for a test that accurately and fairly assesses a candidate's English language proficiency.。

实训1. 听力原文Short Conversations11.W: Did you watch the 7 o’clock program on channel 2 yesterday evening? I was about to watch it when someone came to see me.M: Yeah! It reported some major breakthrough in cancer research. People over 40 would find the program worth watching.Q: What do we learn from the conversation about the TV program?12.W: I won a first prize in the National Writing Contest and I got t his camera as an award. M: It’s a good camera! You can take it when you travel. I had no idea you were a marvelous writer.Q: What do we learn from the conversation?13.M: I wish I hadn’t thrown away that reading list!W: I though you might regret it. Tha t’s why I picked it up from the waste paper basket and left it on the desk.Q: What do we learn from the conversation?14.W: Are you still teaching at the junior high school?M: Not since June. My brother and I opened a restaurant as soon as he got out of the army.Q: What do we learn about the man from the conversation?15.M: Hi, Susan! Have you finished reading the book Professor Johnson recommended?W: Oh, I haven’t read it through the way I read a novel. I just read a few chapters which interested me.Q: What does the woman mean?16.M: Jane missed the class again, didn’t she? I wonder why?W: Well, I knew she had been absent all week. So I called her this morning to see if she was sick. It turned out that her husband was badly injured in a car accident.Q: What does the woman say about Jane?17.W: I’m sure the Smiths’ new house is somewhere on the street, but I don’t know exactly where itis.M: But I’m told it’s two blocks from their old home.Q: What do we learn from the conversation?18.W: I’ve been waiting here almost half an hour! How come it took you so long?M: Sorry, honey! I had to drive two blocks before I spotted a place to park the car.Q: What do we learn from the conversation?Long ConversationsConversation OneW: Gosh! Have you seen this, Richard?M: Seeing what?W: In the paper, it says there’s a man going round pretending he’s from the electricity board. He’s been calling at people’s homes, saying he’s come to check that all their appliances are safe. Then he gets around them to make him a cup of tea, and while they are out of the room, he steals their money, handbag, whatever and makes off with it.M: But you know Jane, it’s partly their own fault. You should never let anyone like that in unless you are expecting them.W: It’s all very well to say that, but someone comes to the door and says electricity or gas, and you automatically think they are ok, especially if they flash a card to you.M: Does this man have an I. D. then?W: Yes, that’s just it! It seems he used to work for the electricity board at one time. According to the paper, the police are warning people, especially pensioners not to admit anyone unless they have an appointment. It’s a bit sad. One old lady told them she’d just been to the post office to draw her pension when he called. She said he must have followed her home. He stole the whole lot.M: But what does he look like? Surely they must have a description.W: Oh, yes, they have. Let’s see. In his thirties, tall, bushy dark hair, slight northern accen t. Sounds a bit like you actually.Questions 19 to 22 are based on the conversation you have just heard.19. What does the woman want the man to read in the newspaper?20. How did the man mentioned in the newspaper try to win further trust from the victims?21. What is the warning from the police?22. What does the woman speaker tell us about the old lady?Conversation TwoM: Miss Jones, could you tell me more about your first job with hotel marketing concepts?W: Yes, certainly. I was a marketing consultant, responsible for marketing ten UK hotels. They were all luxury hotels in the leisure sector, all of a very high standard.M: Which markets were you responsible for?W: For Europe and Japan.M: I see from your resume that you speak Japanese. Have you ever been to Japan?W: Yes, I have. I spent a month in Japan in 2006. I met all the key people in the tourist industry, the big tour operators and tourist organizations. As I speak Japanese, I had a very big advantage. M: Yes, of course. Have you had any contact with Japan in your present job?W: Yes, I’ve had a lo t. The truth is I have become very popular with the Japanese, both for holidays and for business conferences. In fact, the market for all types of luxury holidays for the Japanese has increased a lot recently.M: Really? I’m interested to hear more about t hat, but first, tell me, have you ever traveled on a luxury train? The Orient Express, for example.W: No I haven’t, but I have traveled on a Glacier Express to Switzerland and I traveled across China by train about 8 years ago. I love train travel. That’s why I’m very interested in this job. Questions 23 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.23. What did the woman do in her first job?24. What gave the woman an advantage during her business trip in Japan?25. Why is the woman applying for the new job?实训2. 听力原文Short Conversations11.M: Today’s a bad day for me. I fell off a step and twisted my ankle.W: Don’t worry. Usually ankle injuries heal quickly if you stop regular activities for a while.Q: What does the woman suggest the man do?12.W: May I see your ticket, please? I think you are sitting in my seat.M: Oh, you’re right. My seat is in the balcony. I’m terribly sorry.Q: Where does the conversation most probably take place?13.W: Did you hear Jay Smith died in his sleep last night?M: Yes, it’s very sad. Please let everybody know that whoever wants to may attend the funeral. Q: What are the speakers talking about?14.M: Have you taken Professor Young’s exam before? I’m kind of nervous.W: Yes. Just concentrate on the impo rtant ideas she’s talked about in the class, and ignore the details.Q: How does the woman suggest the man prepare for Professor Young’s exam?15.W: I’m so sorry, sir. And you’ll let me pay to have your jacket cleaned, won’t you?M: That’s all right. It could happen to anyone. And I’m sure that coffee doesn’t leave lasting marks on clothing.Q: What can we infer from the conversation?16.W: Have you seen the movie “the departed”? The plot is so complicated that I really got lost.M: Yeah. I felt the same. But after I saw it a second time, I could put all the pieces together.Q: How did the two speakers find the movie?17.M: I’m really surprised you got an A on the test. You didn’t seem to have done a lot of reading. W: Now you know why I never missed a lecture.Q: What contributes to the woman’s high score?18.W: Have you heard about the new digital television system? It lets people get about five hundred channels.M: Yeah, but I doubt they’ll have anything different from what we watch now.Q: What does the man mean?Long ConversationConversation OneW: Bob, do you know who I saw the other day? Old Jake, looking terribly depressed. Did he get pensioned off at last?M: Yes. They made him retire after 50 years at sea. He is pretty upset about it, but what can you do? He really is past it.W: He is all alone, isn’t he?M: Yes, his wife has been dead for years. They had one daughter, Doris. But she went off to town as soon as she left school. And he hasn’t heard from her since. I hear she is making good money as a model.W: Maybe someone could get in touch with her. Get her to come back for a while to help?M: I don’t suppose she come. She never got on with her father. He is bit of a tough character and she is rather selfish. Oh, I expect old Jake will get by. He is healthy at least, comes into a clinic for a check regularly.W: Are you his doctor?M: No, my partner doctor Johnson is.W: That bad-tempered old thing?M: Oh, he isn’t really bad-tempered. He just looks it. He is an excellent doctor, taught me a lot, and he has a very nice family. His wife invites me over there to supper every week. Very pleasant. W: Yes. I teach their daughter Pen at school. She is a bit careless and lazy about her school work, but a bright little thing and very popular with her age group.Questions 19 to 22 are based on the conversation you’ve just heard.19. Why does old Jake look terribly depressed?20. What do we learn about Jake’s wife?21. What does the man say about Jake’s daughter?22. What does the man say about Jake’s doctor?Conversation TwoW: Hello, Mr. Summerfield. How are you today?M: Very well. Thank you, Ms. Green.W: What can I do for you?M: Well, unfortunately, there is a problem with the order we received from you yesterday. It seems we’ve not received the right quantity of manuals to support the telephone system.W: Oh, dear, that’s bad news. I’m very sorry to hear that, and you don’t know how many packs are without manuals?M: No, becaus e we haven’t opened every pack. But in several of those that have been opened there are none, no manuals.W: I’m very sorry about this inconvenience, Mr. Summerfield. We’ll send out the manuals this afternoon by express mail entirely at our cost, and the manuals should arrive tomorrow or the day after at the latest.M: All of them, right?W: Yes. It maybe that some have them already, but we cannot be sure. So the best thing is to send out the manual for every pack.M: Yes. Yes, I see. That would be great.W: Please accept our apologies for this mix-up. I assure you we will do everything possible to find out why the mistake happened.M: Right. Thanks for your swift action.W: Not at all. Thank you and goodbye for now. Do call if there is anything else.M: All right. Thank you. Goodbye, Ms. Green.W: Goodbye.Questions 23 to 25 are based on the conversation you’ve just heard.23. What problems are the speakers discussing?24. What does the woman promise to do?25. What does the man think of the solution?实训3. 听力原文Short Conversations11.W: There were more than a hundred people at Kate’s birthday party. How come she’s got so many friends?M: It’s really no surprise. You know she was popular even when she was a childQ: What does the man imply about Kate?12.M: They say there’ll be a snowstorm tonight, and the cold weather will last quite a few days.W: Oh! We’re so lucky! We’ll be getting away for a while, and having a holiday in Florida. But let’s call right now to confirm our flight.Q: What do we learn about the two speakers?13.W: Tony was awarded a medal for rescuing several families from the forest fire.M: I really admire his courage.Q: What do we learn about Tony from the conversation?14.M: My washing machine is more than fifteen years old and it has worked just fine until last night.W: You’ll never be able to get parts for it, even from Japan. So it might be time to invest a more recent model.Q: What does the woman suggest the man do?15.W: I heard about your promotion, you must be thrilled.M: Not really. The new office is huge, but the work load has doubled.Q: What do we learn about the man from the conversation?16.W: I can’t decide what to do about the party tomorrow.M: You don’t have to go if you don’t want to, but I’ll be glad to give you a ride if you do.Q: What do we learn from the conversation?17.M: Now if you have any questions about the contract, I’ll be happy to answer them.W: Nothing comes to mind right now, but I’d like to go over all the articles of the contract once more before signing it.Q: What are the speakers doing right now?18.M: We are out of paper for the printer. Can you please order some?W: I completed the order form online yesterday and it will be here by noon. I’ll let you know when it comes in.Q: What did the woman do?Long ConversationsConversation 1W: What sort of hours do you work, Steve?M: Well, I have to work very long hours, about 11 hours a day.W: What time do you start?M: I work 9 to 3, then I start again at 5:30 and work until 11, six days a week. So I have to work very unsocial hours.W: And do you have to work at the weekend?M: Oh, yes, that’s our busiest time. I get Wednesdays off.W: What are the things you have to do and the things you don’t have to do?M: Uh, I don’t have to do t he washing-up, so that’s good. I have to wear white, and I have to keep everything in the kitchen totally clean.W: What’s hard about the job?M: You are standing up all the time. When we are busy, people get angry and shout, but that’s normal.W: How did you learn the profession?M: Well, I did a two-year course at college. In the first year we had to learn the basics, and then we had to take exams.W: Was it easy to find a job?M: I wrote to about six hotels and one of them gave me my first job, so I didn’t have to wait too long.W: And what’s the secret of being good at your job?M: Attention to detail. You have to love it. You have to show passion for it.W: And what are your plans for the future?M: I want to have my own place when the time is right.Questions 19 to 22 are based on the conversation you have just heard.19. What does the man say about his job?20. What does the man think is the hardest part of his job?21. Where did the man get his first job after graduation?22. What does the man say is important to being good at his job?Conversation 2W: Now you’ve seen this table of figures about the pocket money children in Britain get?M: Yes. I thought it was quite interesting, but I don’t quite understand the column entitled Change. Can you explain what it means?W: Well, I think it means the change from the year before. I am not a mathematician, but I assume the rise from 70p to 90p is a rise of 25 %.M: Oh yes, I see. And the inflation rate is there for comparison.W: Yes. Why do you think the rise in pocket money is often higher than inflation?M: I am sorry I’ve no idea. Perhaps parents in Britain are too generous.W: Perhaps they are. But it looks as if children were not better off in 2001 than they were in 2002. That’s strange, isn’t it? An d they seem to have been better off in 2003 than they are now. I wonder why that is.M: Yes, I don’t understand that at all.W: Anyway, if you had children, how much pocket money would you give them?M: I don’t know. I think I’ll probably give them 2 pound s a week.W: Would you? And what would you expect them to do with it?M: Well, out of that, they have to buy some small personal things, but I wouldn’t expect them to save to buy their own socks, for example.W: Yes, by the way, do most children in your country get pocket money?M: Yeah, they do.Questions 23 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.23. What is the table of figures about?24. What do we learn from the conversation about British children’s pocket money?25. Supposing the man had children, what would he expect them to do with their pocket money?。

剑桥雅思10听力原文官方版剑桥雅思10听力原文test 1Section 1(1) You will hear a woman and a man talking about the work of library. First, you have some time to look at the questions 1-5.You will see that there's an example that has been done for you. On this occasion only, the conversation relating to this will be played first.Hello, I'm Mrs. Phillips, the head librarian; you are the new library assistant, aren't you?Yes, I'm Robert Hawscow, but please call me Bob.The woman introduces herself as the head librarian Mrs. Phillips, so the name Mrs. Phillips is been written in. Now, we should begin. You should answer the questions as you listen, because you will not hear the recording the second time.Listen carefully and answer questions 1-5.Hello, I'm Mrs. Phillips, the head librarian; you are the new library assistant, aren't you?Yes, I'm Robert Hawscow, but please call me Bob.All right, Bob. Let me take a few minutes to explain how the library works and what your dutieswill be.First, the library opens at 8:30 in the morning; so naturally, we expect you to be here and ready to work by then. Of course.And you can go home at 4:30 when the library closes. Now let me explain where everything's kept.It looks like here on the ground floor is where the reference books are.Yes, that's right. Upon the second floor is where the adultcollection is, both fiction and non-fiction.And the children's books are there too, aren't they? I thought I saw them in the room by thestairway.No, those are magazines and newspapers for adults.Children's books are up one more flight on the third floor, we'll take a look at them later.Let me show you how we organize our work. Do you see that brown book cart over there?The one at the door?Yes, that one, those books have been shacked in and need to go back on the shelves.Okay, so the brown book cart has books to re-shelve, what about the black cart by the desk?Those books have torn pages or damaged covers; they're all books that need to be repaired.Okay, I know how to do a lot of that and I'm very good at mending torn pages and covers.That's great, because we really need help with that.And the white cart over the corner, what are those books for?Those were old books that we've taken off the shelves to make room for new ones.We sell them as used books to raise money for the library.So, they are all ready to sell.Yes, that's right. So, now you know what to do with the books in the carts.Let's talk about out activity schedule.(2) Now listen and answer the questions 6-10.I understand this library has a number of interesting activities every week.Yes, our activities are quite popular; the most popular one isStory Time for the children.Do a lot of children show up for that?Yes, a good many. It takes place in children's room on Thursday mornings at 11:00.Isn't there a family movie night too?Yes, but it's not at night anymore.We used to have family movies on Fridays when the library opened until nine.But now, we have a different activity at that time.So we have to switch family movies to the weekend, Saturday afternoon.How much do you charge for the movies?They are all free. The movie always starts at 2:30 in the reference room.But you don't have to worry about that since you don't work on weekends.And what takes place on Friday evenings?We've just started our weekly lecture series.We have a different speaker every week and the lectures cover all different kinds of topics.That sounds like something I'll be interested in attending.Good, because we'll need your help with that.You' l be working Friday evenings and one of your duties would be to set up the meeting roomon first floor for the lecture.What time will you need that done?Let's say by 6:15, the lecture starts at 6:30 and the room needs to be ready well ahead oftime. A lot of people arrive early.Maybe I should have the room ready by 6:00.That wouldn't be a bad idea. Okay, why don't I take you upstairs and show you the rest of the collection. Section 2(1) You will hear a radio interview by Lakeside Resort.First you have some time to look at questions 11-15.As you listen to the first part of the talk, answerquestions 11-15.Good afternoon, and welcome to Today Show. Thewarm months are with us and many of you are getting ready to plan vacation trips.To help you with that, we have a special guest today, Robert Samson, director of the Golden Lake Resort. Robert, I understand Golden Lake is a popular place for families to spend their vacations.Yes, families enjoy spending time at Golden Lake.Many come back year after year. We have a spectacular location and fanatic activities for bothchildren and adults. Could you describe for us some of the activities available at Golden Lake?We have a lot of water activities of course, Central ride on the lake.We have a pleasant sandy beach for swimming.We also have canoes and sail boats available and many of our guests enjoy boating on thelake.I image water skiing would be popular among your guests.Actually, we don't promote water skiing in the resort area.It can be dangerous for swimmers and for the canoers too.We do have a great location for fishing though and you often see guests fishing from our dock or from the canoes. That sounds very relaxing. What about activities on land? Do you have facilities for tennis?We had tennis in the past, but the courts failed up to repair since we found that most of our guests weren't interested in the game.We closed the court down, so that's no longer our option.And actually, because of location in the woods, we don't have another good area for a golf course.But I'd like to let your listeners to know, there would be adding a new activity this year.We've made an arrangement for a local stable, so now we are going to have horse-back riding available for ourguests.We've created several riding trails around the lake.That sounds lovely. Now, what about rainy days? What can your guests do when the weather's bad?We have a games room and a crafts room. When the weather's rainy, some of our very talented staff members offer art sand crafts classes for all ages.What fun! Do you offer any other classes or activities?(2) Now listen, and answer questions 16-20.We have a weekly schedule of evening activities, which anyone can attend if they choose.Every Sunday we show a film or something suitable for the whole family.Monday is my favorite night because that's dessert night.Our cook prepares variety of desserts and we get to taste them all.Umm...I'd like to be there for that.Yes, it's great. We get more serious toward the middle of the week, our discussion night on Tuesday.Discussion night?Yes, we discuss different current events depending on what's happening that week of news.And on Wednesday, we have lectures. We invite differentexperts to talk about local history on nature topics.This is actually one of our popular evening activities. We found that our guests are really interested in learning about the local areas.It sounds quite interesting.Yes, we have some excellent speakers. Thursday night is totally different, cause that when we play games.That's especially fun for the children. Children love Fridays too, because that's talent show night.Everyone gets in on that (staff, guests, everyone) .It looks like you have a lot of fun at Golden Lake Resort.We do. And we end every week with big fun, with a dance on Saturday night.Now, I understand a little more why Golden Lake is such a popular place for family vacations.With such a variety of activities, there's something for every member of family there.There is. And I hopeyour listeners will consider spending their next vacation with us.That is the end of section 2. You now have half a minute to check your answers.Section 3(1) You will hear two students talking about the classassignment about wild bird rescue adrehabilitation.First, you have some time to look at the questions21-25.As you listen to the first part of the conversation, answer questions 21-25.Okay, let's go over the requirements and see what we have left to do.Let's see. We have to give the professor a written summaryfor the information we've given on ourtopic wild bird rescue and rehabilitation.The other written thing we have to turn in is thecase study of rehabilitation of one bird. We have information on that already.Right. All we have to do is to write it up. What about charts and graphs. Do we need to enclose something like that?I don't think so. They are rarely relevant, but we do have to turn in a list of resources we used.Actually, what about videos? I heard some of the other students were doing that.Well, I guess that must be optional, because I don't see it on the requirements list.Okay, we should start planning our class presentation since that counts for half the grade.We've looked at lots of sources and information, but I think our best source was the interviews we did with the wildlife rehabilitators.Agreed. That and the journal articles. I think we have enough information from those two sources for the presentation.Anyhow, the books we looked at weren't all that helpful.I wonder if we should try to bring in some live birds for the presentation.That would be too difficult, don't you think? But we have lots of photos of rehabilitated birds.We can show those.(2) Now, listen and answer questions 26-30.Right. Okay, I think we should start by talking about how to rescue a bird.Probably first we should help people understand which birds need rescuing.Yeah, that's really important because a lot of times peoplesee a baby bird that's all alone orthey find a bird sitting on the ground and they think it needs to be rescued.And usually, those are just baby birds learning to fly.So we should emphasize that people should only attempt to rescue a bird that's clearly injured.For certain kinds of birds, the rescuer needs to wear protective gloves because some of those birds have sharp claws and can tear your shirt or worse injure your faceor some other part of your body.Yes, that's an important point. Okay, next, let's tell people to put the injured bird in a box, a box with good air circulation.We should let them know that cages are necessary and a bag, especially a plastic one, could hurt the bird more. Another thing we need to say is that the best way to help the bird stay calm is not by patting it or talking to it, but by leaving it completely alone.Then people should take the bird to the Bird Rescue Center as soon as possible.Right. And we should also point out that when they're driving the bird to the Rescue Center, it's better not to play music on the radio or talk loudly.Because those things just stress the bird.Yes, it's better just to speak quietly while you have the bird in the car.Okay, we're got that part covered. Next, we should talk about what happens at the RescueCenter.That is the end of section 3. You now have half a minute to check your answers.Section 4(1) You'll hear a lecture about Great Barrier Reef. Firstyou have some time to look at the questions 31-33. Now listencarefully and answer questions 31-33.Despite of its name, the Great Barrier Reef isn't just one large coral reef.Rather, it's a system of coral reef that stretches along the east coast of Australia, covering an areaof around 300,000 square kilometers.The Great Barrier Reef is composed of approximately 3000 individual reefs which range insize from one hectare to more than 10,000 hectareseach.In addition, around 600 islands are scattered throughout the area, particularly at the northern and southern ends. The reefs themselves are composed of over 400 different kinds of coral, the largest variety of coral found anywhere in the world.(2) Now, listen carefully and answer questions 34-40.Thousands of species of sea animals live in and around the reefs.All together, approximately 1500 species of fish inhabit the reef area, including a number ofdifferent kinds ofsharks.One of the more interesting mollusks to be found in the reefs is the giant clam.These huge shelf fish can live for more than a hundred years and can weigh as much as 200 kilos.Sea mammals are bound in the area, which serves as a breeding ground for certain types of whales, many of which are endangered.Over two hundred species of sea and shore birds fees, roost on nest among the reefs and islands.Many types of reptiles can also be found living around and near the reefs.Salt water crocodiles, for example, inhabit the marshes along coast or the area.Amphibians include at least 7 species of fogs inhabit in the islands and reefs.Unfortunately, this wondrous area of the world is threatened by climate change.Rising sea temperatures have led to an effect called "coral bleaching", that is large numbers of corals dying off, especially in the shallower area of the reef.The Great Barrier Reef Marine Park Authority is attempting to find effective ways to deal with this issue that threatens the reef.One proposed solution involves shading the reef in certain areas to help keep thesurrounding water temperatures down.That is the end of section 4. You now have half a minute to check your answers.test 2Section 1(1) Global bicycle tours. May I help you?Yes, thank you. I'd like to sign up for a bicycle tour.Which tour will you be interested in? We have the River Valley tour coming up in June and the mountain tour in July.The river valley tour was in June. I thought it was on May.It actually takes place the first week of June.Oh, I see. Well, I can still do that. The river valley tour is the one I want.Splendid, Just let me take your information. May I have your name please?Karla Schmidt. That's Karla with "K", not "C", K-A-R-L-A.Thank you, Miss Schmidt. Address?Do you need a street address? Or can I give you my post office box?The post office box is fine.It's P.O.Box, 257, Manchester.Thank you. Okay, next, uld you bring in your own bicycle? Or do you want to rent one from us?I'll bring my own.Excellent. Now, we provide all the meals. So we need to know if you have any diet (dietary)restrictions.I don't think so. What do you mean?I mean if there's any food you can't eat? Some people have food allergy (allergies) orvegetarian or have t avoid dairy products. Things like that.Oh, I see. Yes, I'm a vegetarian and never eat meat.(2) All right. I'll make a note of that. Now the total cost of the tour is $750.That much?The price includes everything: food, hotel, transportation. Everything.Everything?Yes, everything. The only other thing is you have (want) to tip the tour guide. We usuallyrecommend 5% the total tour cost.A five percent tip. I guess that's reasonable.In order to reserve your space on the tour. I'll need a 30% deposit.Do you need that right away?We generally ask for the deposit at least 4 weeks before the tour begins.The River Valley tour begins, let me see, 6 weeks from now, so you need to pay the deposit in 2 weeks.I think I can do that. I nder if you could tell me something how will luggage be transported. Do we carry it on our bicycles?No, you leave that to us. We have a van that carries your luggage from hotel to hotel each day. So you don't have to rry about it.Great. I have a luggage track for my bike. But I guess I n't have to bring that.No, you n't. But there are a few items we recommend that you bring. We can't control the weather, so you should bring a raincoat or a rain gear.Yes, that's a good idea. And I should have my own spare tire too, shouldn't I?Actually, you don't need that. As our guide always carries some and of course, you n't need maps either, since our guide has the route all planned.What about a water bottle? I'll need that, n't I?Yes, you should definitely have a water bottle. A camera uld be a good idea too, since the tour goes through some very scenic areas.I have a guide book of that area. I nder if I should bring it along.We don't recommend guide books. It uld just be extra way and the tour guide knows a great deal about that area. Yes, I see. Is there anything else I need to know?I think we've covered the important points. I'll send you a tour brochure and you can call again if you have any questions.Thank you very much.Section 2(1) Thank you all for coming to see the new renovations to the Half Health Club.I know you be pleased as I am to see the wonderful results of a month of hard work to improve the club and bring in the best facilities ever.We'll beginning here with the swimming pool.You'll notice the new color of the adult pool, a lovely cool green.Now we'll go over here and look at the children's pool.It's the same green, but as you see, with brightly colored sea creatures painted everywhere.Both of the pools needed painting, not only for maintenance, but I think the new color greatlyimproves the atmosphere this part of the club.Next, let's take a look at the locker rooms. Don't worry, there's no one using them just now.Doesn't it feel roomy in here? We've expanded both the men's and women's locker rooms.So now they'll be much more comfortable to use.There are bigger lockers, a good deal of more room of dressing area and more places to store extra towels and equipments.Be careful when as you walk through here. The floor's just been polished and may be slippery.Let's go up to the exercise room next. Here, you'll notice a new floor. Walk on it. Doesn't it feel comfortable?It's a special material, soft the out floor and ideal surfaces for jogging exercising.They have to move all the exercising equipment out while they are working on the floor. But don't worry; it would be brought back in before the end of today.Let's step outside now and look at the tennis courts.We haven't done a great deal here except the equipment.We'll place all the nets in the balls run machine.Otherwise, everything is the same as it was before.Let's walk down this hallway, and here we are the club store, its new location.We thought here by the entrance was a better place for it than was used to be by the swimming pool.But it still has (all) the same items for sale, sports equipment and clothes in the club colors.(2) We are excited about the upcoming activities and events take place on newly renovated club.Now that the pools are ready for used again, swimming lessons will begin tomorrow for both adults and children. If you haven't signed up yet, you can stop by the officebefore you leave today and put your name on the list.If you're a tennis player, you'll be interested to hear about the tennis competition coming upon Wednesday. Players from different clubs all have the region more be participating. If you like to watch the event, tickets are available in the office.Also, I want to be sure you all know you are invited to our club party coming up next weekend.We celebrate the completion of the renovation work and we have a lot to celebrate the entire renovation project was finished in just nine months.That's 3 months less than the twelve months we originally planned on.We're proud of that and proud of weakening the budget too. Because we have such great results with this project. We are all ready planning the next one. We already have two indoor pools and next year weplan to install an outdoor pool right next to thetennis courts.Details of this plan will be made available to all club members soon. All right, I think we've covered just about everything. Any other questions?Section 3(1) Welcome to the City Museum of Art. I'm Doctor Shirley Johnson, the director of the museum internship programme (program).Today, I'll be giving you an oral orientation to themuseum. And our museum administrator's internship programm. Will we get a chance to tour the museum today?Yes, we'll start right now with the tour of the building. We'll skip the basement.Most of that part of the building is devoted to our conservation, which won't be part of your internship.Let's begin here on the ground floor with the museum offices.I guess this is where we'll be spending most of our time, helping with the office work.You'll spend some time working in here, so you can learn what the administrative duties involve.But you also get a chance to experience all aspects of museum work. This room in here is the museum tours office.I'm interested in that. I really like to help about the tours.That's great. Because you all have a chance to lead some tours. And maybe even to develop a tour of your own too.Let's go up to the second floor now.This is the board room in here, isn't it? Will we get to go to board meetings?Only members of the board of directors attend those. Now, back here behind the galleries are the classrooms.You are all welcome to attend any class you want and no charge.But we won't be teaching any, will we?No, the staff of the education department is responsible for that. Let's move up to the third floor now. And the research department.Each of you will spend some time working in here.Great. I'd like to help with the research.We are working on some very interesting research project right now.Also, as extension of your research work, you'll probably contribute to some of the museum's brochures.I'm looking forward to that. I like writing about art. Another thing I've been hoping to be able to do is to meet some artists.You are in luck then. We've planned a reception for the first day of your internship. And youhave the chance to meet several local artists then.(2) Could you give us a little background of the museum? I mean, when was it built and some information about the collections and things like that?Of course. The main part of the museum was built in 1895, with a combination of public and private funds.The new wing was built 60 years later, with the donation from the reign back family.That part of the museum was built for the modern art collection, wasn't it?Yes, it was. In the main part of the museum, we have a gallery devoted to works by localartists, our sculpture collection and a small collection of classical European art.You mentioned classes earlier. What kinds of the classesdoesthe museum offer?In our adult education program, we offer a series of art history classes. And for children, we have a program of arts and crafts workshops.You can get a brochure from the office. That will give you more information.I saw a lot of chairs set up in the main hall. What are those for?Those are there for tonight's musical performance. We offer a weekly concert series during the fall and winter. And of course, all of you are welcome to attend. Now, if there are no more questions, let's step into my office and I'll show you your schedules.Section 4(1)The tomato is a popular vegetable, which figures and cuisines in many countries around theworld. It is particularly prominent in Italian cooking.But it was unknown in Europe until Spanish explorers brought it back from the Americas.The tomato was originated in the highlands of Peru. From there it eventually found its way toMexico, where it was cultivated by the Aztecs.The Aztec tomato wasn't the large, red vegetable we know today; rather, it was small andyellow.When the small round fruit arrived in Italy, it was named"golden apple", for its bright yellowcolour.You'll notice that I just called it a fruit. That's because a tomato is botanically a fruit, evenalmost everyone calls it a vegetable.The actual wordtomato comes from the Aztec name for thevegetable meaning "plant thing".The tomato was arrived in Europe in the 1500s, and quickly became a popular food in Spainand Italy.In the late 1600s, the Italians began publishing recipes that used tomatoes.The British, however, had a different attitude toward the vegetable.It was grown as an ornamental plant in Britain in the 1600s, but it wasn't eaten, because itwas thought to be poisonous.It wasn't until the 1700s that tomatoes became part of the daily diet in Britain.(2) In the United States, tomatoes were also used as ornamental plants rather than as foods for along time.This attitude began to change in the 1800s. In 1806 a gardener's calendar mentioned thattomatoes could be used to improve the flavour of soups and other foods.Thomas Jefferson did much to enhance the tomato's reputation as a food.He first served tomatoes to visitors at his home in Virginia in 1809.Then in 1820, a man named Robert Gibbon Johnson decided it was time to discard onceinfluence all the idea that tomatoes were poisonous.To prove his point, he ate one kilo of ripe tomatoes in public.2000 people gathered to watch this feat, which took place on the steps of courthouse in Salem,Massachusetts. Amazing enough, Johnson survived this stunt. The popularity of the tomato as a food begangrowing rapidly. Soon people all around the country were eating tomatoes. By the 1830s, the Americannewspapers and magazines were publishing thousandsof tomato recipes.However, all those recipes involved using tomatoes in some cooked form.Tomato salads and sandwiches were still not unknown.It wasn't until a century later in 1930s that they became popular for people to eat rawtomatoes.Test 4Section 1Woman: This is the Clear Point Telephone Company customer service office. My name is Ms.Johns. How may I help you?Man: Yes, I'm moving in the lateral arrange to have a phone line installed.Woman: This is the Clear Point Telephone Company customer service office. My name is Ms.Johns. How may I help you?Man: Yes, I'm moving in the lateral arrange to have a phone line installed.Woman: Of course. Let me get some information from you first. May I have your name please?Man: It's Kramer. Harold Kramer.Woman: And would you spell your last name for me please?Man: K-R-A-M-E-R.Woman: M-E-R.Got it. Okay, could I have the address where you'd like to have the telephoneconnected?Man: That would be Number 58 Fulton Avenue, apartment 12.Woman: Is that a business or a residence?Man: A residence. It's my new home address.Woman: Then the type of phone service you want isresidential, not business?Man: Yes, yes. It's for my home.Woman: All right, fine. Now let me get your employment information. Who is your current employer?Man: I work at Wrights ville Medical Group.Woman: Then your occupation is doctor?Man: No, I work for the doctors. I'm the office manager.Woman: Okay, and could I have your work phone number?Man: It's 6375559014.Woman: 9014. Great. Just one more thing, I need to know how long you've been at your current job.Man: I've been working at for quite a while long. Let me see, 8? No, 9. That's right, 9 years.Woman: Okay, good. Yovue' been there long enough. So I don't need to ask about any otherwork history. Now, in addition to our basi c phone service, we have several special services available.Man: Could you explain them to me?Woman: Most customers opt for unlimited long-distance service. It really saves your money ifyou make a lot of long-distance calls. Man: That sounds like a good idea.Woman: Then I'll put you down for long-distance service. Another popular service is voicemail. Voice mail takes all your messages ele ctronically and only takes one simple phone call to retrieve them.Man: Umm. Voice mail. No I don't think so. I have an answering machine to take my messages.It's old but it still works fine. Woman: We also provide Internet service if you're interested in that.Man: I am. Please put me down in Internet as well as phone。

TKT Practice Test Module 1For questions 1 to 5 match the examples with the grammatical terms listed A-F. There is one extra option which you do not need to use.1 my, your, our A subject pronouns2 that, which, who B possessive adjectives3 we, you, she C prepositions of movement4 during, after, until D relative pronouns5 through, along, towards E prepositions of timeF interrogative pronounsFor questions 6-10, choose the best option to complete each statement about the uses of grammatical structures.Mark the correct letter (A, B or C) on your answer sheet.6 We use superlative forms of adjectives toA describe equal things or peopleB show the differences between groups of things or peopleC compare things or people to a whole group they are part of7 we can use will to expressA obligation in the futureB decisions about the futureC fixed plans8 We use the passive toA say what happens to the subject of the sentenceB show that the verb is not importantC focus on the object of the verb9 We use tag questions toA show surpriseB check that something is trueC express obligation10 We use conjunctionsA link words or sentencesB make topic sentencesC make adjectives strongerFor questions 11-16, match the examples of words with the lexical categories listed A-G.Mark the correct letter (A-G) on your answer sheet. There is one extra option which you do not need.11 trees, flowers, grass A idioms12 two, too; blue, blew; pair. Pear B suffixes13 down in the mouth, green fingers, a pain in the neck C synonyms14 take off, give in, get out D lexical sets15 calmly, nationality, childhood E prefixes16 lucky, fortunate; sad, miserable; awful, terrible F homophonesG phrasal verbsFor questions 17-24, look at the following questions about phonology and the possible answers. Choose the correct option A, B or C. Mark the correct letter (A, B or C) on your answer sheet.17 Which is the phonemic script for weekend?A /wi:kend/B /wIkend/C /ji:kend/18 Which option shows the correct word stress for telephone?A telephoneB TELephoneC telePHONE19 What is a phoneme?A The smallest sound.B The smallest sound that has meaning.C A symbol representing a sound.20 What meaning does the main stress on John give to this sentence?I gave the book to John.A I was the person who gave John the bookB I only gave a book to John, nothing else.C John was the person I gave the book to.21 Which of the following ends with a consonant?A bananaB CarrotC potato22 What is a contraction?A A shortened form of a word.B Two words made into one.C The first letters of several words.23 Which of these words is stressed on the first syllable?A re*stricted.B *paragraphC substi*tution24 In which of these words is the first letter a voiced sound?A tableB forgetC darkFor questions 25-30, match the example language with the functions listed A-G.Mark the correct letter (A-G) on your answer sheet. There is one extra option which you do not need to use.For questions 31-35, match the speaker’s words with the speaking sub skills that he is talking about listed A-F. Mark the correct letter (A-F) on your answer sheet. There is one extra option which you do not need to use.A connecting your ideasB interactingC pronouncing accuratelyD using language accuratelyE speaking fluentlyF using language appropriatelySpeaker’s words31 Sometimes I hesitate a lot or speak extremely slowly.32 I always try to make eye contact with people when I speak to them.33 You often need to use polite language when you meet people in formal situations.34 I was so tired that I made lots of mistakes in my grammar.35It’s quite difficult to speak with the right accent, so they often don’t understand me.For questions 36-40, match the descriptions with the reading and writing sub skills listed A-F.Mark the correct letter (A-F) on your answer sheet. There is one extra option which you do not need to use.A extensive readingB handwritingC scanningD editingE skimmingF planningDescriptions36 You read things really quickly – just to find out specific information.37 Before you write long texts, like essays, you work out which order to present your ideas in.38 You go through some parts of long texts slowly and carefully and through others quickly.39 You need to learn to shape your letters correctly.40You often need to read what you’ve written and change it to make it e asier to understand.For questions 41-45, match the descriptions of the learners’ preferred ways of learning with the learning styles listed A-C Mark the correct letter (A-C) in your answer sheet. You need to use some options more than once.Learning stylesA Conformists: these learners prefer to learn about language rather than communicate. They like depending on the teacher.B Concrete learners: they enjoy the social aspects of learning and learning from experience.C Reflective learners: they prefer to have the opportunity to think carefully about their answers before giving them.The learner likes:41 doing role plays and writing to real people.42 having quiet time to analyze problems.43 working through a grammar book with guidance.44 going to the center of town to chat with tourists.45 having time to edit his work before giving it to the teacher.For questions 46-50, match the teacher’s decisions with the considerations about learning listed A-C.Mark the correct letter (A-C) on your answer sheet.Considerations about learning:A the role of errorsB motivationC learning styleTeacher’s decisions46 The teacher decides not to correct the learners during a fluency activity.47 The teacher decides to sing a song with the class who are disappointed with their test results.48 The teacher decides to let one learner work by himself as he works better that way.49 The teacher decides to read the class a story they all really like.50 The teacher encourages learners to ask for clarification wh en they don’t understand one another.For questions 51-55, choose the best option to complete each statement about language learning.Mark the correct letter (A, B or C) on your answer sheet.51 Interlanguage isA a language only learners use.B a language like English.C a language just used by children.52 L1 learners process languageA after they fully realize what it means.B until they can use it correctly and appropriately.C because they try to avoid making mistakes.53 When L2 learners overgeneralise new language theyA need to be corrected quickly.B are experimenting with language.C are not paying attention to grammar.54 Developmental errorsA cannot be avoided.B block the language learning process.C help learners understand correct grammar.55 Both L1 and L2 learnersA make errors due to interference.B focus frequently on the form of language,C pick up language from their surroundings.For questions 56-63, match the course book activities with the terms listed A-I.Mark the correct letter (A-I) on your answer sheet. There is one extra option you do not need to use.TermsA information gapB free writingC brainstormingD role playE jumbled textF multiple-choiceG form fillingH prioritizingI wh- comprehension questions.Course book activities.565758606162For questions 64-69, look at the following descriptions of assessment activities and three possible terms for each one. Choose the correct option A, B or C. Mark the correct letter (A, B or C) on your answer sheet.64 The learners listen to two classmates carrying out a role play and then give them feedback on their performance.A a subjective testB teacher assessmentC peer assessment65 The teacher monitors two learners in her class carrying out a role play. She takes notes on the their performance.A a placement testB informal assessmentC a diagnostic test66 At the end of term the learners look at their written work, select some of it and put it in a folders for the teacher to grade.A formative assessmentB a progress testC a portfolio67 The learners do a gap fill exercise for which there is only one answer for each gap.A an achievement testB an objective testC continuous assessment68 The learners answer questions guiding them to assess and grade their own compositions.A an oral testB formal assessmentC self-assessment69 The learners do a test to see how good they are at English in general.A a written testB a cloze testC a proficiency test.For questions 70-74, match the teacher’s words with the purpose of the presentation activities listed A-F.Mark the correct letter (A-F) on your answer sheet. There is one extra option which you do not need to use.Purpose of the presentationA setting the contextB concept checkingC explaining meaningD Focusing on pronunciationE using aids to convey meaning.F DrillingTeacher’s words70 can you give me another word with the same meaning?71 Listen, the stress is on the fourth syllable ‘accommoDAtion’72 We use it to clean our teeth.73Today we’re going to talk about inventions.74Look, here’s a picture of one.For questions 75-80, match the classroom activities with their main teaching purpose listed A-G.Mark the correct letter (A-G) on your answer sheet. There is one extra option which you do not need to use.75 Helping learners to use dictionaries A giving controlled practice76 Class discussion B developing understanding of coherence and cohesion77 Lead in C developing listening skills78 V ocabulary quiz D giving fluency practice79 Jumbled paragraphs E introducing the topic of a lesson80 Substitution drills F developing learner autonomyG revising。

Candidate Number Candidate Name ______________________________________________International English Language Testing System ListeningPractice test40 minutesTime 40 minutesInstructions to candidatesDo not open this question paper until you are told to do so.Write your name and candidate number in the spaces at the top of this page.Listen to the instructions for each part of the paper carefully.Answer all the questions.While you are listening, write your answers on the question paper.You will have 10 minutes at the end of the test to copy your answers onto the separate answer sheet. Use a pencil.At the end of the test, hand in this question paper.Information for candidatesThere are four parts to the test.You will hear each part once only.There are 40 questions.Each question carries one mark.For each part of the test, there will be time for you to look through the questions and time for you to check your answers.Section 1 Questions 1–10Questions 1–5Complete the notes below.Write no more than two words and/or a number for each answer.Questions 6–10Complete the table below.Write no more than one word and/or a number for each answer. Transport Cash fare Card fare Bus 6 $ …………… $1.50 Train (peak) $10 $10Train (off-peak)– before 5pm or after 7 …………… pm) $108 $ ……………9 …………… ferry $4.50 $3.55 Tourist ferry (10 ……………) $35 – Tourist ferry (whole day) $65 –Section 2 Questions 11–20Questions 11–14Which counsellor should you see?Write the correct letter, A, B or C, next to questions 11–14.A Louise BagshawB Tony DenbyC Naomi Flynn11 if it is your first time seeing a counsellor12 if you are unable to see a counsellor during normal office hours13 if you do not have an appointment14 if your concerns are related to anxietyQuestions 15–20Complete the table below.Write no more than two words for each answer.Workshop Content Target groupAdjusting what you need to succeedacademically15 ………………… studentsGetting Organised use time effectively, find 16………………… between studyand leisureall studentsCommunicating talking with staff, communicatingacross cultures all students, especially 17 …………………Anxiety 18 …………………, breathingtechniques, meditation, etc.students about to sit exams19 ………………… staying on track for long periods 20 ………………… studentsonlySection 3 Questions 21–30Questions 21–30Complete the notes below.Write no more than three words for each answer.Novel: 21 …………………Protagonists: Mary Lennox; Colin CravenTime period: Early in 22 …………………Plot: Mary → UK – meets Colin who thinks he’ll never be able to23 ………………… . They become friends.Point of view: “Omniscient” – narrator knows all about characters’ feelings, opinions and 24 …………………Audience: Good for children – story simple to followSymbols (physical items that represent 25 …………………):•the robin redbreast•26 …………………•the portrait of Mistress CravenMotifs (patterns in the story):•the Garden of Eden•secrecy – metaphorical and literal transition from 27 …………………Themes: Connections between•28 ………………… and outlook•29 ………………… and well-being• individuals and the need for 30 …………………Section 4 Questions 31–40Questions 31–35Complete the table below.Write one word only for each answer.Time PerspectivesTime Zone Outlook Features & ConsequencesPast Positive Remember good times, e.g. birthdays.Keep family records, photo albums, etc.31Focus on disappointments, failures, bad decisions.……………..Present Hedonistic Live for 32 …………….. ; seek sensation; avoid pain.Fatalistic Life is governed by 33 …………….. , religious beliefs,social conditions. Life’s path can’t be changed.Future 34Prefer work to play. Don’t give in to temptation.……………..Fatalistic Have a strong belief in life after death and importance of35 …………….. in life.Questions 36–40Choose the correct letter, A, B or C.36 We are all present hedonistsA at schoolB at birthC while eating and drinking37 American boys drop out of school at a higher rate than girls becauseA they need to be in control of the way they learnB they play video games instead of doing school workC they are not as intelligent as girls38 Present-orientated childrenA do not realise present actions can have negative future effectsB are unable to learn lessons from past mistakesC know what could happen if they do something bad, but do it anyway39 If Americans had an extra day per week, they would spend itA working harderB building relationshipsC sharing family meals40 Understanding how people think about time can help usA become more virtuousB work together betterC identify careless or ambitious peopleTranscriptNarrator:Test 1You will hear a number of different recordings and you will have to answer questions on what you hear. There will be time for you to read the instructions and questions and you will have a chance to check your work. All the recordings will be played once only. The test is in 4 sections. At the end of the test you will be given 10 minutes to transfer your answers to an answer sheet. Now turn to section 1.Section 1You will hear a conversation between a clerk at the enquiries desk of a transport company and a man who is asking for travel information. First you have some time to look at questions 1 to 5.[20 seconds]You will see that there is an example that has been done for you. On this occasion only the conversation relating to this will be played first.Woman: Good morning, Travel Link. How can I help you?Man: Good morning. I live in Bayswater and I’d like to get to Harbour City tomorrow before 11am.Woman: Well, to get to Bayswater …Man: No, no. I live in Bayswater – my destination is Harbour City.Woman: Sorry. Right; so that’s Bayswater to Harbour City. Are you planning to travel by bus or train?Narrator:The man wants to go to Harbour City, so Harbour City has been written in the space. Now we shall begin. You should answer the questions as you listen because you will not hear the recording a second time. Listen carefully and answer questions 1 to 5.Woman: Good morning, Travel Link. How can I help you?Man: Good morning. I live in Bayswater and I’d like to get to Harbour City tomorrow before 11am.Woman: Well, to get to Bayswater …Man: No, no. I live in Bayswater – my destination is Harbour City.Woman: Sorry. Right; so that’s Bayswater to Harbour City. Are you planning to travel by bus or train?Man: I don’t mind really, whichever option is faster, I suppose.Woman: Well, if you catch a railway express, that’ll get you there in underan hour … Let’s see – yes, if you can make the 9.30am express, I’drecommend you do that.Man: Great. Which station does that leave from?Woman: Helendale is the nearest train station to you.Man: Did you say Helensvale?woman: No, Helendale – that’s H-E-L-E-N-D-A-L-EMan: What’s the best way to get to the Helendale station then?Woman: Well, hang on a minute while I look into that … Now, it seems to me that you have two options. Option one would be to take the 706 bus from theBayswater Shopping Centre to Central Street. When you get there, youtransfer to another bus which will take you to the station. Or, the secondoption, if you don’t mind walking a couple of kilometres, is to go directlyto Central Street and get straight on the bus going to the train station. Man: Okay. Which bus is that?Woman: The 792 will take you to the station.Man: I guess the walk will be good for me so that might be the better option.What time do I catch the 792?Woman: There are two buses that should get you to the station on time: one just before nine o’clock and one just after. But look, at that time of themorning it might be better to take the earlier one just in case there’s atraffic jam or something. The 8.55 is probably safer than the 9.05. Man: Yeah, I don’t want to the miss the train, so I’ll be sure to get on the five- to-nine bus.Narrator:Before you hear the rest of the conversation, you have some time to look at questions 6 to 10.[20 seconds]Now listen and answer questions 6 to 10.Man: By the way, how much will I have to pay in fares?Woman: Well, you can get a ticket on the bus for $1.80 cash and you’ll need $10 each way for the train. Wait, do you have a Travel Link Card?Man: No, but I can get one before tomorrow.Woman: Okay, well that’ll make it considerably cheaper then. The bus will cost $1.50 each way, and the train will be – the train to Harbour City will …still cost $10.00 because you’ll be travelling during peak hours in themorning, so no savings there, I’m afraid. However, if you could comeback at an off-peak time …Man: What does that mean?Woman: Well, if you could start your return journey before 5pm or later than half past 7 in the evening …Man: Actually, I wasn’t planning on coming back till at least 8 o’clock anyway. Woman: In that case, you can make quite a saving if you use your Travel Link Card. You did say you were planning to purchase one, didn’t you? Man: Yes, I’ll pick one up later today.Woman: Good – that would mean that your return train journey would only cost you $7.15 with your card.Man: Thank you.Woman: Is there anything else I can help you with?Man: Actually, there is. Do you know if I can use the Travel Link Card on ferries?Woman: If you’re thinking of the Harbour City ferries that go back and forth between the north and south bank, those are the commuter ferries, thenyes. A one-way trip costs $4.50 but with your card you’d make a 20%saving and only pay $3.55.Man: So, $3.55 for the commuter ferry …What about the tour boats?Woman: You mean the tourist ferries that go upriver on sightseeing tours? No – they only take cash or credit card. They’re not part of the Travel LinkCompany.Man: Oh, I see. I don’t suppose you know the cost of a tour?Woman: In actual fact, I do, because I took a friend on the trip upriver just last week. We decided on the afternoon tour and that was $35 each but Iunderstand that you can do the whole day for $65.Man: Thank you. You’ve been a great help.Woman: My pleasure. Enjoy your day out.Narrator:That is the end of section 1. You now have half a minute to check your answers.[30 seconds]Now turn to section 2.Narrator: Section 2You will hear a guidance counsellor talking to a group of students. First you have some time to look at questions 11 to 14.[20 seconds]Listen carefully and answer questions 11 to 14.Speaker:Hello everyone. I’m the counselling administrator here at St. Ive’s College and I’ve been asked to come and talk to you about our counselling team and the services that we offer.We have three professional counsellors here at St. Ives: Louise Bagshaw, Tony Denby and Naomi Flynn. They each hold daily one-on-one sessions with students, but which counsellor you see will depend on a number of factors.If you’ve never used a counsellor before, then you should make an appointment with Naomi Flynn. Naomi specialises in seeing new students and offers a preliminary session where she will talk to you about what you can expect from counselling, followed by some simple questions about what you would like to discuss. This can be really helpful for students who are feeling a bit worried about the counselling process. Naomi is also the best option for students who can only see a counsellor outside office hours. She is not in on Mondays, but starts early on Wednesday mornings and works late on Thursday evenings, so you can see her before your first class or after your last class on those days.Louise staffs our drop-in centre throughout the day. If you need to see someone without a prior appointment then she is the one to visit. Please note that if you use this service then Louise will either see you herself, or place you with the next available counsellor. If you want to be sure to see the same counsellor on each visit, then we strongly recommend you make an appointment ahead of time. You can do this at reception during office hours or by using our online booking form.Tony is our newest addition to the counselling team. He is our only male counsellor and he has an extensive background in stress management and relaxation techniques. We encourage anyone who is trying to deal with anxiety to see him. Tonywill introduce you to a full range of techniques to help you cope with this problem such as body awareness, time management and positive reinforcement.Narrator:Before you hear the rest of the talk, you have some time to look at questions 15 to 20. [20 seconds]Now listen and answer questions 15 to 20.Speaker:Each semester the counselling team runs a number of small group workshops. These last for two hours and are free to all enrolled students.Our first workshop is called Adjusting. We’ve found that tertiary education can come as a big shock for some people. After the structured learning environment of school, it is easy to feel lost. In this workshop, we will introduce you to what is necessary for academic success. As you might expect, we’re targeting first-year students with this offering.Getting organised follows on from the first workshop. Here, we’re going to help you break the habit of putting things off, get the most out of your time and discover the right balance between academic and recreational activities. With Getting organised, we’re catering to a broader crowd, which includes all undergraduates and postgraduates.Next up is a workshop called Communicating. The way people interact here may be quite different to what you’re used to, especially if you’ve come from abroad. We’ll cover an area that many foreign students struggle with – how to talk with teachers and other staff. We’ll cover all aspects of multicultural communication. International students tend to get a lot out of this class, so we particularly encourage you to come along, but I must say that sometimes students from a local background find it helpful too. So, everyone is welcome!The Anxiety workshop is held later on in the year and deals with something you will all be familiar with – the nerves and anxiety that come when exams are approaching. Many students go through their entire academic careers suffering like this, but you don’t have to. Come to this workshop and we’ll teach you all about relaxation and how tobreathe properly, as well as meditation and other strategies to remain calm. We’ve tailored this workshop to anyone who is going to sit exams.Finally, we have the Motivation workshop. The big topic here is how to stay on target and motivated during long-term research projects. This workshop is strictly for research students, as less-advanced students already have several workshops catering to their needs.Well, that’s it, thanks for your time. If you have any questions or want more information about our services, do come and see us at the Counselling Service.Narrator:That is the end of section 2. You now have half a minute to check your answers.[30 seconds]Now turn to section 3.Narrator: Section 3You will hear a conversation between a tutor and two students who are preparing for an English literature test. First you have some time to look at questions 21 to 24.[20 seconds]Listen carefully and answer questions 21 to 24Tutor: Hello Lorna, Ian. Glad you could make it. You’re the only two who put your names down for this literature tutorial so let’s get started, shall we? Iwant to run over some aspects of the novel, The Secret Garden, with youbefore the test next week. Be sure to take some notes and ask questionsif you need to.Ian: Hey Lorna, have you got a spare pen?Lorna: Sure, here you are.Tutor: Okay, so, the story follows two key characters – you should refer to them as protagonists – who go by the names of Mary Lennox and ColinCraven. The story is set shortly after the turn of the twentieth century, andthe narrative tracks the development of the protagonists as they learn toovercome their own personal troubles together.Lorna: That’s quite a common storyline, isn’t it?Tutor: Yes, you’re right, Lorna. So, what can you tell me about the character of Mary?Lorna: Well, in the beginning she is an angry, rude child who is orphaned after a cholera outbreak and forced to leave India and move to the UnitedKingdom to her uncle’s house in Yorkshire.Tutor: That’s right – and there she meets Colin who spends his days in an isolated room, believing himself to be permanently crippled with no hopeof ever gaining the ability to walk. The two strike up a friendship andgradually learn – by encouraging each other – that they can both becomehealthy, happy and fulfilled in life.Ian: Will we need to remember a lot of these details for the exam?Tutor: Just the basic outline. Examiners don’t want to read a plot summary – they know what the book is about. Focus on narrative techniques instead,such as point of view.Lorna: What’s that mean?Tutor: It’s all about how we see the story. This story, for example, is written from the perspective of what is called an “omniscient narrator”. Omniscientmeans all-knowing. So, as readers we get to see how all the charactersfeel about things, what they like and don’t like, and what their motivationsare in the story.Narrator:Before you hear the rest of the conversation, you have some time to look at questions 25 to 30.[20 seconds]Now listen and answer questions 25 to 30.Ian: Won’t it be hard to write a technical analysis? After all, it’s a kids’ book. Tutor: Well, it was initially pitched at adults you know, but over the years it has become seen as a more youth-orientated work. And you’re right in asense – the simple vocabulary and absence of foreshadowing make thestory very easy to follow and ideally suited for children. But that doesn’tmean there isn’t much to analyse. Look at the symbolism, for instance. Lorna: Symbols are things, right? Material things – like objects – that stand for abstract ideas.Tutor: Absolutely, yes. And the author uses many of them. There’s the robin redbreast, for example, which symbolises the wise and gentle nature thatMary will soon adopt – note that the robin is described as “not at all likethe birds in India”. Roses are used as well – as a personal symbol forMistress Craven – you’ll see they’re always mentioned alongside hername. And Mistress Craven’s portrait can also be interpreted as a symbolof her spirit.Ian: Are symbols just another name for motifs?Tutor: No, motifs are a bit different. They don’t have as direct a connection with something the way that a symbol does. Motifs are simply recurringelements of the story that support the mood.Lorna: Are there any in this novel?Tutor: Yes, two very important ones. The Garden of Eden is a motif. It comes upa few times in connection with the garden of the story. And then you’vegot the role that secrets play in the story. In the beginning, everything issteeped in secrecy, and slowly the characters share their secrets and inthe process move from darkness to lightness, metaphorically, but also inthe case of Colin, quite literally. His room in the beginning has thecurtains drawn, and he appears at the end in the brightness of thegarden.Ian: Anything else we need to know about?Tutor: Yes. Nearly all novels explore universal concepts that everyone has experienced – things like love, family, loneliness, friendship. These arecalled themes. The Secret Garden has a few themes that all centre on theidea of connections. The novel explores, for example, the way that healthcan determine and be determined by our outlook on life. As Colin’s healthimproves, so too do his perceptions of his strength and possibility. Theauthor also examines the link between our environment and our physicaland emotional prosperity. The dark, cramped rooms of the manor housestifle the development of our protagonists; the garden and naturalenvironments allow them to blossom, just as the flowers do. Finally, thisbook looks at connections between individuals, namely Mary and Colin.This necessity of human companionship is the novel’s most significanttheme – because none of their development as individuals would haveoccurred without their knowing each other. Well, that about sums it up, Ithink.Lorna: That’s a great help, thanks.Ian: Yes, thanks very much.Narrator:That is the end of section 3. You now have half a minute to check your answers.[30 seconds]Now turn to section 4.Narrator: Section 4You will hear a talk on the topic of time perspectives. First you have some time to look at questions 31 to 40.[20 seconds]Listen carefully and answer questions 31 to 40.Speaker:Today, I’m going to be talking about time. Specifically I’ll be looking at how people think about time, and how these time perspectives structure our lives. According to social psychologists, there are six ways of thinking about time, which are called personal time zones.The first two are based in the past. Past positive thinkers spend most of their time in a state of nostalgia, fondly remembering moments such as birthdays, marriages and important achievements in their life. These are the kinds of people who keep family records, books and photo albums. People living in the past negative time zone are also absorbed by earlier times, but they focus on all the bad things – regrets, failures, poor decisions. They spend a lot of time thinking about how life could have been.Then, we have people who live in the present. Present hedonists are driven by pleasure and immediate sensation. Their life motto is to have a good time and avoid pain. Present fatalists live in the moment too, but they believe this moment is the product of circumstances entirely beyond their control; it’s their fate. Whether it’s poverty, religion or society itself, something stops these people from believing they can play a role in changing their outcomes in life. Life simply “is” and that’s that.Looking at the future time zone, we can see that people classified as future active are the planners and go-getters. They work rather than play and resist temptation. Decisions are made based on potential consequences, not on the experience itself. A second future-orientated perspective, future fatalistic, is driven by the certainty of life after deathand some kind of a judgement day when they will be assessed on how virtuously they have lived and what success they have had in their lives.Okay, let’s move on. You might ask “how do these time zones affect our lives?” Well, let’s start at the beginning. Everyone is brought into this world as a present hedonist. No exceptions. Our initial needs and demands – to be warm, secure, fed and watered – all stem from the present moment. But things change when we enter formal education – we’re taught to stop existing in the moment and to begin thinking about future outcomes.But, did you know that every nine seconds a child in the USA drops out of school? For boys, the rate is much higher than for girls. We could easily say “Ah, well, boys just aren’t as bright as girls” but the evidence doesn’t support this. A recent study states that boys in America, by the age of twenty one, have spent 10,000 hours playing video games. The research suggests that they’ll never fit in the traditional classroom because these boys require a situation where they have the ability to manage their own learning environment.Now, let’s look at the way we do prevention education. All prevention education is aimed at a future time zone. We say “don’t smoke or you’ll get cancer”, “get good grades or you won’t get a good job”. But with present-orientated kids that just doesn’t work. Although they understand the potentially negative consequences of their actions, they persist with the behaviour because they’re not living for the future; they’re in the moment right now. We can’t use logic and it’s no use reminding them of potential fall-out from their decisions or previous errors of judgment – we’ve got to get in their minds just as they’re about to make a choice.Time perspectives make a big difference in how we value and use our time. When Americans are asked how busy they are, the vast majority report being busier than ever before. They admit to sacrificing their relationships, personal time and a good night’s sleep for their success. Twenty years ago, 60% of Americans had sit-down dinners with their families, and now only 20% do. But when they’re asked what they would do with an eight-day week, they say “Oh that’d be great”. They would spend that time labouring away to achieve more. They’re constantly trying to get ahead, to get toward a future point of happiness.So, it’s really important to be aware of how other people think about time. We tend to think: “Oh, that person’s really irresponsible” or “That guy’s power hungry” but often what we’re looking at is not fundamental differences of personality, but really just different ways of thinking about time. Seeing these conflicts as differences in time perspective, rather than distinctions of character, can facilitate more effective cooperation between people and get the most out of each person’s individual strengths.Narrator:That is the end of section 4. You now have half a minute to check your answers.[30 seconds]That is the end of the listening test. You now have 10 minutes to transfer your answers to the listening answer sheet.。

Test 1听力原文SECTION A MINI-LECTUREHow Practice Can Damage Your EnglishGood morning, everyone. Today, I am going to talk about the negative role of practice in English learning.If you ask “How can I learn to speak English better?”, many people will tell you “Practice, practice, practice”. “Speak and write in English whenever you can”—they will say. All English classes are full of activities which involve speaking and writing which are supposed to help you with your English.We agree that practice can be very useful. It’s even necessary to learn English well. So what’s the problem? The problem is that for many learners, “speaking” or “writing” means “making a lot of mistakes”. Some people make a mistake in every sentence! If you don’t make many mistakes, then you can speak or write in English and it can only help. [1]But if you make many mistakes, then every time you write or speak, you reinforce your mistakes. As you write or speak, you repeat your mistakes constantly and your incorrect habits become stronger.Imagine this situation: You are writing an e-mail message in English. Your English is not perfect and you want to write the message quickly. You write incorrectly: “I want speak English.” When you write a sentence, you also read it. So the incorrect sentence goes into your head. The next time you write a message, you will be more likely to write “I want finish” or “I want be happy”. Why? Because “I want speak English” is fresh in your head—you’ve just used it! And when you write “I want do something” the second time, you’ve got a “bad habit”, or a reinforced mistake.Now do you see our point? You write—you make mistakes—those mistakes become your habit, they become your way of writing in English. [2]So, the more you write, the worse your English becomes. We have said that you need practice to learn English. We have also said that when you practice, you reinforce your mistakes.Michal suggests a simple solution to this paradox: Never make mistakes! According to what he says, it is close to the truth that you have never written an incorrect English sentence. You knew many grammatical structures and you used only those that you knew. Your sentences were similar to sentences which you knew to be correct. You followed good examples, so all your sentences were good. In the beginning, you could write only very simple sentences, but all the simple sentences were correct. [3]Then as you advanced, you added more and more complicated structures, and again all your sentences were correct. Because of this approach, you were never reinforcing bad habits. You never had any bad habits! From the beginning, you copied only correct sentences. With every sentence that you wrote, you reinforced your good habits.[4]On the other side, if you make many mistakes, speaking and writing is not the way to eliminate them! On the contrary, it reinforces them, as we have shown earlier.You have to realize that speaking does not improve your grammar or your vocabulary. It’s really very simple. Can you learn a new word from yourself? If you don’t know how to say “Good bye” in English, can you invent it by yourself? No, you can’t. You can only learn it by reading or listening to English. So what you should do if you can’t help but make mistakes in your Englishsentences? If you make mistakes, that means you don’t know how to say things in English. You need to learn how to say them. You won’t learn that by speaking or writing. [5]You must read and listen to correct English sentences. You can speak and write later—when you can already build correct English sentences and want to improve your fluency. Perhaps you can benefit from corrections if you get a few corrections per week. But when there are many mistakes, you become unable to concentrate on them. If a teacher returns your composition with 20 corrected mistakes, how many of these corrections can you keep in your mind? Besides, your teacher is not always there. What if you’re writing an e-mail message on your own or talking to someone else? Other people usually ignore your mistakes, and even your teacher does not point out all of them.[6]The conclusion would be that fighting your mistakes is not easy, so it’s better to avoid making mistakes altogether.First, try to be more careful by using the rules of error-free speaking. If you still make a lot of mistakes, or if you find that the rules are killing your motivation, you probably shouldn’t open your mouth just now. Instead, try to get more input by reading and listening in English. True, but believe us—you can learn English with almost no mistakes. How? [7]You can fill your brain with correct sentences and imitate them. You can simply follow good examples.Moreover, sometimes you can say or write something which you think is wrong. You can do it if you want to learn how to say something in English. [8]For example, if you are talking to a native speaker, you can do this: First, say “I’m not sure how to say this in English, but...” and then say your sentence which is probably wrong. And the other person can tell you how to say it in English correctly. From that you learn the correct way to say the sentence.[9]Notice that this technique is only safe if you know that you are saying something which may be wrong, or you are sure that the other person will correct you if you make a mistake. And [10]you use it only occasionally.In summary, it should be noted that practice can also serve as a negative factor in English learning. Hope all of you can find the solution to it from today’s lecture.SECTION B INTERVIEWM: It’s been nearly many years since Madonna first made headlines for trying to adopt a small child from the African nation of Malawi. And she’s since become a voice for the more than 1 million children or orphans in that country and now she’s behind the film on that subject. And tonight, we have Madonna here on our show. Welcome, Madonna.W: Thanks.M: Well... We watched your film I Am Because We Are last night... and it’s amazing. Why have you felt the commitment to help those children?W: [1]Something about their situation connected to me, and in a way I was going on my own journey and connecting to these children and wanting to in a way heal myself whilst helping them.M: And hearing about their suffering? Something opened to you?W: Yeah. [1]I grew up as a motherless child. I had a roof over my head and I had food and I had a school to go to. And I still thought that my world was going to collapse on me, so how could itbe for these children who, most of them, having lost both of their parents, having no roof over their head, no food to eat, how horrifying and frightening it must be for them!M: You know, I wonder how this revelation came to you, you know, this is going to be a thing, for you. [2]This is not how people see you.W: I think having children and having a family force you to think about people besides yourself, I mean you don’t really have a choice, I think I just got to a point in my life. I thought I have so much, and it’s a great tragedy if I don’t use what I have to make the world a better place. I know that sounds silly, or cheesy, or like a cliché, whatever... but it’s the truth. If I was challenging people to open up their minds and their hearts, then I had to be willing to stand at the front of the line. And... and I appreciate and understand how people could be cynical, that’s fine, I accept that.M: Why do you appreciate that people can be cynical?W: [3]Because I think we live in a society, that, where people are naturally suspicious of acts of altruism or generosity.M: Or maybe they might be suspicious because they might think, well, you know, Madonna changes all the time. Is this simply another fad, a trend, or just a new; is this something that is really core to Madonna.W: My re-inventions are part of my evolution and my growth as a person. They’re aspects of it that are full of lesson. They are aspects of it that are real. I don’t see how anybody who really understands how complicated it is to adopt a child could say that someone toasts to do that as a fad. It’s just too difficult... it’s too traumatic.M: It’s been hard then to adopt David.W: We have not even been granted the full adoption. It’s supposed to be happening in the next month. So for the last 18 months I have been a foster parent. [4]I have been visited every 6 weeks by social workers who come into the house and make sure that you are being a good parent, and David’s health is thriving, and asking you all kinds of invasive questions, and you have to put up with it and endure it and you know, I have been fingerprinted about 20 times, and[4]undergone psychological evaluations and I think everybody who goes through adoption hasto do this. I am not alone and, but you know, I’d do it again.M: You would?W: Yeah.M: Why?W: Because David is amazing, because he’s brought so much joy to our lives and more than about him. And so, it was worthy. I think most people will suffer for the things they love.M: And now at this point in your life, it seems you’re opening, to some part of you, it’s softening, something that is looking for wisdom, usefulness.W: Well, thank God.M: Em... what do you mean by that?W: Well, thank God I am searching for wisdom and usefulness. Em, one hopes that one gets to that point in their lives sooner or later.M: Do you wish that you could just be anonymous?W: No, no...M: No?W: I mean, yeah, I have moments of it, but I don’t wanna wish that I am not me, I don’t wish I were someone else.M: What is it that you want to feel about your life?W: [5]That my soul reached its true potential. And that I did everything that I was put on this Earth to do...M: Well, thank you, Madonna.SECTION C NEWS BROADCASTNEWS ITEM 1Stock markets in Europe and the United States have fallen sharply in response to further signs that the debt crisis in Greece is intensifying and could spread to other countries. Share prices in New York, London, Frankfurt and Paris fell by more than 2% after a major international credit rating agency Standard & Poor’s downgraded Greek debt to a level known informally as junk.[6]Standard & Poor’s downgraded its assessment of Greek bonds to the so-called junk status because of the growing danger that the bond holders will not be paid back in full. [7]Many big investment funds have rules that forbid them from holding junk bonds, says the move is likely to trigger a further round of selling. Share markets have taken fright, fearing that if Greece does default on its debts, it would hit many European banks which hold Greek bonds and could trigger a wider financial crisis. Already pressure is mounting on Portugal which has also seen its credit rating downgraded today, although it remains above junk status.NEWS ITEM 2Officials in the Philippines say at least a hundred people have died in floods and landslides in the north triggered by a week of heavy rain. This follows two storms in the past two weeks which have already left about 300 people dead. Reports said that even some evacuation centers had been flooded.[9]Officials say that 30 cities were hit by the landslide through the night where residents had taken to the rooftops of their houses for refuge. The northern Philippines have been pounded by heavy rain following the second typhoon in just over a week to hit the nation. Typhoon Parma has lingered in the north of the country turning into a tropical depression. It follows Typhoon Ketsana which killed more than 300 people when it hit on September 26.NEWS ITEM 3[10]The Supreme Court has upheld lethal injection as a method of execution. Justices rule 7 to 2 this morning rejecting a constitutional challenge brought by a case in Kentucky. [10]At issue was whether the most common method of capital punishment used by 35 states can cause excruciating pain for death row inmates, violating the constitution’s ban on cruel and unusual punishment. The ruling will likely allow states to resume executions which had been on hold pending the Supreme Court decision. Virginia’s governor has already lifted his state’s moratorium on executions.Test 2听力原文SECTION A MINI-LECTUREFive Main Literary Movements in American HistoryGood morning, everyone. Today’s lecture is the very first of a series of lectures on the main literary movements in United States history. In this class, we are going to cover five different movements in literature and discuss the origins and common beliefs of each movement. In this, our first class, I’d like to take some time to give you an overview of these five movements as a starting point. I’ll go over the period of time each movement covers, the place in the US where it got its start, the key figures in each movement, and the core beliefs of each.We won’t have time in the course to cover all literary movements, so we’re going to be focusing on the general time period of the 19th and 20th centuries. More specifically, this course will cover most of the important literary movements from 1830 to around 1940.The first literary movement we’ll be looking at in detail is called Transcendentalism. The reason we choose this as our starting point is that writers of this movement or period are the first to show a clear difference from British writers and British cultural tradition and heritage. Before this time, American writers and British writers shared similar views of the world and saw the world through the same lens. We sometimes refer to Transcendentalism as American Transcendentalism to differentiate it from an earlier philosophical movement in Europe. [1]American Transcendentalism was born in New England, the north-eastern part of the United States around the 1830s. [2]Writers in this movement believed, in very general terms, that nature, God, and the individual human were united, were the same, and that individuals did not need organized religion. American Transcendentalists also extolled individualism and encouraged individuals to be reliant on themselves and their development as human beings. Transcendentalists very often were active in social movements. Arguably the most important figure of this movement was Ralph Waldo Emerson, whose book called Nature, published in 1836, remains one of the movements most read works.The second movement we’re going to talk about is Romanticism, though it is more a series of movements in art, music and literature which lasted about 50 years and spread from Britain and Germany to other parts of the world. Basically, romanticism is centered on strong emotions and imagination rather than rational thought, [3]and there is an emphasis in American Romanticism to focus on the supernatural and on human psychology. Many works in this genre tell stories full of strong emotion, unexplained phenomenon, and unusual occurrences. [4]One of the most well known writers considered to be a Romantic writer is Edgar Allen Poe, who is known for his stories filled with mystery and who wrote many works we might now call psychological thrillers or horror stories. Poe thought that the human mind and imagination are factors in how we define reality.Our next movement is Realism, a movement which started in France in the mid 19th century before spreading to other areas, including the United States in the 1870s. This movement was, in many ways, a reaction to Romanticism in that it rejected strange and, indeed, romantic tales and aimed to show society and humanity as it was in real life. Realists focused on events that were ordinary, usual and typical rather than extraordinary or exotic. [5]Many writers of this movement were also involved with social change, and writing about real conditions of real people was seen asone way to educate the general public for the need for change. [6]One of this movement’s most easily recognizable names is Mark Twain, whose most famous stories were about everyday life in the American south, that is, the south eastern states of the US, and who worked throughout his life on a variety of social issues including ending slavery and giving workers more rights.Naturalism is an offshoot of Realism, and also had its roots in France. Both movements focused on the reality of everyday ordinary life, but Naturalism focused on how the outside world, that is, [7]a person’s environment, influences and, perhaps, determines that person’s behavior. Naturalism generally believes that a person has a destiny or fate, and that person can do little to change that destiny or fate. Many writers in this movement focused on problems in society, like poverty. [8]One of the movement’s most famous writers, Jack London, wrote books which compared animal behavior to human behavior, showing that human behavior is not all that different from animal behavior in extreme circumstances.The next movement we are going to look at is Modernism, which, of course, stretches beyond literature into music and art. The movement itself started in Europe in the late 19th century, as with many of the other movements, spread to America shortly after. The tumultuous period ending in World War I and World War II were seen by many as proof that the modern world was horrific and chaotic, and the end of World War II was seen as the start of a new era of humanity, either for good or for bad. Modernism reflects these thoughts, and writers in the Modernist era were looking, generally, to look beyond the old, the traditional, and were trying to find meaning in a new world.[9]If we have to choose one word to describe this movement, we would probably choose the word “progress”. Modernists were concerned with finding out what doesn’t work in the world and replacing it with what does. [10]One major figure of the American branch of Modernism was Ezra Pound, who, among other things, revolutionized poetry.OK. In today’s lecture, we’ve had a brief look at the origins and common beliefs of the five different movements in American literature. In our next lecture, we will discuss each movement in detail.SECTION B INTERVIEWW: Today I’d like to welcome Edward Fox, a seasoned real-estate agent, who is going to talk to us about buying a house. Hello, Edward, good to see you.M: Hello.W: Now Edward, I think for most people buying a house is a major life event, and probably the single most expensive item they are ever likely to buy. What precautions do they have to take before a real purchase? Can you give some suggestions?M: You are right in saying buying a house costs a lot. But as to me, the most important thing to consider before buying any property is the location.W: Location?M: Right. Because it is where you plan to spend a large part of your life. Or, indeed, the rest of your life in some circumstances. [1]Therefore, consider the type of life you enjoy leading. If you area very sociable person who enjoys nightclubs and discos, you may consider something close toa city. Anyway, a city is convenient for all types of nightlife.W: Then, for those who like to seek a quiet life, do you recommend a house in the countryside? M: Well, countryside is a tranquil place. [1]However, do remember that proximity to the place of work also counts. [2]Indeed, we spend most of our life at work, and you don’t want to have to spend two or more hours every day traveling to work, do you?W: Absolutely.M: Therefore, transport is of the utmost importance. [2]City suburbs, however, are often conveniently located for commuting to work, or for shopping, without being in the heart of a busy city.W: But houses in the suburbs are far more expensive than those in cities.M: [3]They seem to be, but actually houses located in cities can often exceed the price of suburban houses, so check out the prices. You may be surprised.W: Really? So we should consider our place of work and personality in choosing the location. Is that so?M: I’m afraid you have to take family into consideration as well. You may prefer a house that is away from a busy street or main road. And of course, remember that children have to attend school. If you have children, or you plan to have children, location is a very important factor.And of course, [1]remember that a family influences the size of the property.W: Oh, I see. How many types of houses can we choose?M: There are various types of houses. The first is called detached houses, which stand alone, and are not joined by another building. Then there are semi-detached houses, which are the most common. This is because they are, in fact, two houses joined together, and therefore take up less space. And there are town houses, too, which are many houses joined together to form a long row. But I don’t think that town houses are less expensive than semi-detached houses. They rarely are. [3]This is because they are usually built in cities where the price of the property is very expensive.W: Then what about old houses? They must be cheaper than new ones.M: Maybe they are. But if the house is too old, you may be faced with expensive repairs and renovation bills. [4]So have a house thoroughly checked by a professional surveyor before you decide to buy.W: I agree. It’s economical to buy old houses only when they are in good condition. By the way, a lot of property has a garden attached to it. Do you think it’s a good choice?M: It’s true that a lot of property has a garden. If you enjoy gardening, that’s fine. But if you don’t enjoy gardening then you may prefer a small garden, as opposed to a big one. But even if you do enjoy gardening it is important to remember that gardens take up a lot of your time. So keeping a garden in good order may be very difficult if you work long hours.W: You are quite right. Any other suggestions?M: [5]One final thing is the general feel of the place. Does it have a good atmosphere? And most important of all, would YOU feel comfortable living there?W: Edward, I never knew I had to consider so many things while buying a house. Thank you very much for talking with us.M: My pleasure.SECTION C NEWS BROADCASTNEWS ITEM 1Twenty-five miners are now known to have died and four are missing in an accident at a West Virginia coal mine. [6]The worst mine disaster in the US since 1984 was caused by an underground explosion at Upper Big Branch, about 30 miles south of Charleston. It happened at about 3 p.m. in a chamber 330m below ground, mine owner Massey Energy Company said. [7]The rescue operation has been suspended because rising methane gas levels have heightened the risk of another blast. The operation will resume as soon as conditions allow, Massey Energy said. There are plans to drill holes from the surface to monitor gas levels and attempt to ventilate the mine chamber. A mine safety official said rescue teams had reached one of the mine’s airtight chambers stocked with food, water and oxygen but found no-one there. US President Barack Obama offered his “deepest condolences” to the families and friends of those who had died.NEWS ITEM 2A landmark law which makes education a fundamental right for children has come into effect in India. It is now legally enforceable for every child to demand free and elementary education between the ages of 6 and 14 years. [8]Indian Prime Minister Manmohan Singh said enough funds would be made available to ensure that children had access to education. An estimated eight million children aged between 6 and 14 do not currently attend school in India. Mr. Singh said that the government was committed “to ensuring that all children irrespective of gender and social category have access to education”. Recalling his own childhood, [8]Mr. Singh, a qualified economist, said: “I read under the dim light of a kerosene lamp. I am what I am totally because of education.” Mr. Singh added, “So I want that the light of education should reach to all.”NEWS ITEM 3Light exercise during pregnancy may improve the future health of a child by controlling weight in the womb, New Zealand and US researchers say. Overweight or obese mums are more likely to have larger babies which could be at higher risk of health problems later in life. [9]A study of 84 first-time mothers found exercise was associated with slightly lighter babies. UK guidelines recommend regular light exercise for pregnant women. The rising weight of the UK population over the years has led to a rise in the number of overweight mothers. There is increasing evidence that the future metabolism of a child may be influenced by its environment in the womb, [10]and that babies who are relatively heavy for their length may be more likely to be obese in future years. Official guidance in the UK tells doctors to encourage women not to overeat during pregnancy, and to, wherever possible, take light exercise on a regular basis.Test 3听力原文SECTION A MINI-LECTUREAdvice for Students: How to Talk to ProfessorsGood afternoon. Today I’d like to give you advice on how to talk to professors. A while back, I recommended that students get to know their professors. I realize, though, that many students are intimidated or put off by their professors. This is especially so when students need something—a favor, special help with an assignment, or a second chance on a test.It doesn’t need to be that way. [1]Professors are people, just like everyone else, and if you approach your professors with the same basic respect and decency you offer everyone else you interact with, you’ll probably find that they react with the same.There are, though, a few things that you should keep in mind when you talk to your professors, especially if you’re going to ask for a particular favor:[2]The first thing you should remember to do is: call them by the right title. A “Doctor” is someone with a PhD; not all professors have a PhD. “Professor” is usually appropriate, unless you’ve been told otherwise. I prefer to be called by my first name, and I make that point clearly on the first day of class; if your professor hasn’t said anything about this, you’re better off not using their first name. If you’re totally unsure, a “Mr.” or “Ms.” is usually fine. Do not use “Mrs.” unless the professor herself uses it.Secondly, no matter under what situations, tell the truth. After the first couple of semesters of teaching, your average professor has much heard it all. It’s a sad fact, but true nonetheless, that we grow jaded and take all students’ excuses with a grain of salt. If a professor thinks he or she is being played, they’re not going to respond very well to whatever request you have to make, [3]so you might as well be honest. If you feel you absolutely must lie, at least make it a huge flaming whopper of a lie, so the professor can get a good laugh when they share it at the next faculty meeting.Thirdly, be prepared to do the work. If you’ve missed an assignment or a test or are falling behind in your reading, [4]and you are seeking help to get caught up or a special dispensation to make up the assignment, you’d better be prepared to do the work—and generally under more difficult circumstances. I get the impression that a lot of students imagine I might just say “don’t worry about it, I’ll give you the points anyway”, which, of course, is not going to happen.[5]Fourthly, be clear and concise. Unless you’re paying a “social call”, get to the point quickly: tell your professor what you need or want and be done with it. Don’t spend 30 minutes explaining your childhood and family arrangements and how hard it is getting a job with a few felony convictions on your record and blah blah blah for a 10-point assignment. Simply say “Professor, I missed an assignment, can I make it up? Can I do something else?”Lastly, remember to pay social calls. Your professor is probably required by school policy to be in his or her office and available to students for a set number of hours per week. On top of that, most professors like talking to students—it’s part of the reason we took the job. Pay your professor a visit or two, just to talk. Tell him or her about the work you’re interested in or about problems you’re having. [6]Build relationships with your professors—at the very least, they’ll remember you when you call up three years later asking for a reference letter.。

剑桥雅思听力原文－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－－T e x t 1 Section 1Man: Hello,this is Land Transport information at toronto Airport.Woman: Oh,good morning,I’m flying to toronto Airportnext week, and I need to get to a town called um,Milton.Cpould you tell me how I canget there?Man: Milton,did you say? Let me see. I think that’s about 150 miles south-west of here .In fact it’s 147 miles to be exact, so it’ll take you at least –say ,three to four hours by road.the Greyhound.Woman:Oh, that doesn’t sound too bad.especially if it*ll take me straight to the hotel.Man:But you do need to reserve a seat.Woman:OK. Is it possible to make a booking right now? Through you?Man:Sure.Man: OK.I just have to fill this form out for you. So what date do you want to book this for? Woman:The 16th of Octobler –oh,no,sorry.that’s my departure date. I arrive on the 17th, so book it for then,please.Man: So, That’s the Toronto Airport Shuttle to Milton.And this is for just one person or…? Woman: yes, just me, please.Man:Right. And you said your excepted time of arrival was 11:30? So if I book your Shuttle for after 12:00-let’s say, 12:30 that should give you plenty of time to, you know, collect your baggage maybe grab a coffee?Woman:Yeah, that sounds fine, as long as we land on time!Man: Well,we’ll take you flight details so you don’t need to warry too much about that. Now. what about the fare? What sort of ticket do you want? One way or…？Woman:Yes,that’ll be fine, provided I can book the return trip once I’m there.Man:No problem – just allow a couple of days in advanced to make sure you get a seat. And what’s you name, please?Woman:Janet, Janet Thomson.Man:Is that Thompson spelt with a “p”?.in the We’ve upgraded all these Spanish sites, and improved them considerably from their original three-star ratingWe believe our holidays offer superb facilities for the whole family. Parents who want their children to be fully occupied for all or part of the day can take advantage of our children’s activities. These are organised by our well-qualified and enthusiastic staff. Each day kicks off a sports match, perhaps football, or volleyball, followed by an hour of drama for everyone. This may include singing or dancing, mime or other activities. In the afternoon, there’s a different art activity for each day of the week including a poster competition or model making. What’s m ore, our sites are truly child-friendly, and, with this in mind, we operate a no-noise rule in theevenings. Children’s evening activities usually finish at 9:30, or occasionally 10, and from 10:30 holiday-makers are expected to be quiet in the areas where there are tents.We want nothing to go wrong on a PS Camping holiday, but if it does, we also want all customers to be insured. If you haven’t organised an annual insurance policy of your own you’ll need to take out the low-cost cover we offer and we require that you arrange this when you take your holiday reservation.There are many advantages to choosing PS Camping, and to recommending it to others. As a regular customer. You’ll be kept informed of special offers. And your friends can benefit from ten per cent off their holiday, or book a luxury tent for the price of a standard one. In return, we’ll send you a thank-you present, which you can choose from a list of high-quality items.When it comes to our tents, these are equipped to the highest standard. We really do think ofin Philip:Yes, I did. On the positive side, exposure to such diversity helps encourage creativity which is generally an asset to a company. But unfortunately individual difference are also the rootof conflict between staff and they can lead to difficulties for management, which can sometimes be serious.**********************************************Tutor:Thanks,philip. So now I guess the two main things to remember here are to identify individual talent and then to utilize it. So Janice, you were looking at identifying different talents in workers Do you think this is easy for managers to do?Janice:Well,currently teamwork is in fashion in the workplace and in my opinion the importance of the individual is generally neglected. What managers should be targeting is those employees who can take the lead in a situation and are not afraid to accept the idea of responsibility.Tutor:That’s true. Janice but unfortunately many managers think the entire notion of encouraging individuality amongst their staff is far too hard.Janice:Yes. That may be true but I think one of the most important tasks of managers is to consider the needs of the individual on one hand and group co-operation and conformity on the other. It requires creative thinking on the part of management to avoid tension.Tutor:So Janice, what kind of people do you think companies should be looking for?Janice Well, it has to start from the very beginning when companies are looking for new employees. When the personal department is choosing between applicants they need to look for someone who’s broken the mould and can think for themselves. Instead, people making these decisions often ues a range of psychological tests to see if a person is a problem solver, or will do as they’re told. I’m not convinced these qualities are actually the most important.This is the first seninar in preparation for our archaeological fieldwork in Namibia, we are fantastically luck to have received partial research funding for this trip from our Institute, so I shall expect 200% attention and participation from you all. First in this seminar, I’m going to give a brief introduction to contemporary research on rock art, and in the seco nd part I’m going to give you some do’s and don’ts for our fieldwork trip in April – so please listen very carefully.I’m first going to focus on the interpretation of rock art in Namibia, we are very fortunate to be going to an area where you can find some of the most important sites in the entire world. And I hope to show you how easy it is foe everyone to make mistakes in looking at cultures which are different from our pwn – the first and most important lesson we have to learn.In Namibia there are both paintings and engraving –that’s where the surface of the rock is cut out. Many of the engravings show footprints of animals and most scholars used to think that the purpose of these was simple and obvious. This r ock art was like a school book with picture to teach children about tracks whick belonged to which animal – giraffe, lion and so on.But there were some mysteries. First, when you look at a typical Namibian painting or engraving, you see the tracks are repeated, there are dozens of tracks for t he same animal. You’d expect just one clear illustration if the reason – the aim – was to teach tracking.Now there were two more problem, why are some of the engraving of animals very accurate as you’d expect – all clearly identifiable- and others quite unrealisticAnd another mystery – some of these unrealistic animals – that*s in the engravings – seem to be half human. Some, for example, have got human faces, Many reaearchers now think that theseAnd lastly please don’t even move rocks or branches to take photographs – you should leave the site intace –I’m sure I can rely on you to do that..Well,That’s about all I want to say before today’s first discussion, but if you have any question please ask them now –and don’t forget you’ll find some fascinating information aboutworld-wide sites on the Internet. Right, first question then?Text 2Section 1Woman: Hello… motor insurance department …Man: Oh hello… I’d like to ask about insurance for my car.Woman: Yes, of course. I’ll just take a few details. What’s your name?Man: Patrick Jones.Woman: And your addrss?Man: It’s 27 Bank Road.Woman: 27 Bank Road. Is that in Greendale?Man: Yes.Woman: And what’s your daytime phone number?Man: My work number is 730453.Woman: And could ask what your occupation is?Man: Dentist.Woman: OK… now a few details about your car… What size is the engine?Man: It’s a Hewton Sable.Woman: Social use (murmuring). Will you be using it to travel to work？Man: Yes… sometimes.Woman: …Anything else?Man: No. that’s it…Woman: And finally… when would you like to start the insurance？Man: I’ll need it from the 31st of January.Woman: Right… Mr Jones… I’m getting a couple of quotes coming up on the computer now… and the best bet looks like being with a company called Red Flag. Man: Yeah.Woman: And that comes out at ＄540 per year…Man: Well … that seems OK… it’s quite a bit lower than I’ve been paying up to now…Woman: Great… so would you like me to go ahead with that?Man: Sure… why not?Woman: How would you like to pay?Section 2Thank you for calling the Tourist Line. There are many different ways of getting round the city and we’d like to suggest some you may not have thought of.How about a city trip by boat? Thare are four main stopping points – from west to east: atop A Green Banks, stop B City Bridge, stop C Roman Landing and atop D Newtown.You can find the main booking office at stop A.The first boat leaves at 8 a.m. and the last one at 6:30 p.m. There are also many attractions youInterviewer: Now my first question is about the choice of location for the centre. Why Christchurch? Was it because of the climate?Doctor: Well, actually New Zealand is the second closest country to Antarctica and Christchurch isoften used on Antarctic expeditions.Interviewer: Right. So it’s because of where we are… coupled with our historical role. So tell us – what is the main purpose of the centre?Doctor: Well…we have two complementary roles. One is as a scientific base for expeditions and research and the other is as an information centre.Interviewer: Tell ue something about the role as a scientific base.Doctor: We’re able to provide information about what scientists should take with them to the South Pole – for example, the centre contains a clothing warehouse where expeditions are supplied with suitable clothing for the extreme conditions.Interviewer: I suppose you need a bit more than your normal winter coat!Doctor: yes, exactly and then there’s also the specialist library and mapping services. Interviewer: Right. And which countries are actually located at the centre?Doctor: Well…the centre houses research programmes for New Zealand, for The United States as well as for Italy…there*re even a US post office at the American airforce base here. Interviewer: Really?And what does the v isitor’s centre offer?Doctor: Well, since very few people will ever experience the Antarctic first hand, the visitors* centre aims to recreate the atmosphere of Antarctica. There’s a mock camp site where you canDoctor: Well, as far back as the 19th century, when eleven nations organised an international event.Interviewer: When was that exactly?Doctor: In 1870. And it was called the Polar Research Metting. And then, Not long after that, they organised something called the First International Polar Year.Interviewer: And that took place when exactly?Doctor: Over two years from 1882 to 1883. But it wasn’t until the 1950s that the idea of an international treaty was proposed. And in 1959 the Treaty was actually signed. Interviewer: What do you see as the main achievements of the treaty?Doctor: Well, firstly it means that the continent is reserved for peaceful use.Interviewer: That’s Article a, isn’t it?Doctor: Yes…Interviewer: That’s impor tant since the territory belongs to everyone.DOCTOR: yes but not as important as Article 5, which prohibits any nuclear explosions or waste disposal.Interviewer: Which is marvellous. Well, I’m afraid we’re going to have to stop there because I’m afraid w e’ve run out of time. Thanks for coming along today and telling us all about the centre and its work.Section 4My topic is handedness – whether in different sports it is better to be left – or right-sided or whether a more balanced approach is more succes sful .I’m left-handed myself and I actually–STUDENT：Oh，good morning ,Is this…er… room number 26?AGENT：Yes，that's rightSTUDENT：So ls this the Student Job Centre?AGENT：It certainly is．How can I help you?STUDENT：Well，actually I’m looking for a job -a part-time Job, Do you haveanything available at the moment?AGENT：Ah．Yes… Are you a registered student?I`m afraid this service isonly available to full-time studentsSTUDENT：Yes… I am I'm doing a degree in Business Studies．Here's mystudent cardAGENT：Which year are you in?STUDENT：Well… I've been at uni for four years but I'm in the Third Yearbecause I took last year off.AGENT：Right… well，let's just have a look at what positions are available at The moment There's a Job working at the reception desk at the SportsCentre，for three evenings a week that's Wednesdays ,Thursdays andFridays.STUDENT：That sounds 1ike fun but unfortunately I have evening lectures- sothat's not possible ,I’m afraid Is th ere anything during the day? AGENT：OK．That's no good then .Um .What about cleaning ? There's aposition for a cleaner at the Child Care Centre.thing.STUDENT：Well．I speak some JapaneseAGENT：Right I’ll make a note of that Now- let's see what else is availableWhat do you think of administrative work? There is a position for anOffice Assistant at the English Language CentreSTUDENT：That sounds interesting.AGENT：It's for 3 days a week—Monday , Friday and Saturday mornings．Interested?STUDENT：Mmm, I was hoping to have Saturdays free . But I need the work so… can you tell me what the job Involves?AGENT：Yes, sure. It says here that you'll be required to deal with studentenquiries and answer the phone.STUDENT：I’m su re I can handle all that without a problemAGENT：Great Well，would you like me to arrange an interview for you ? Say,Friday morning，around ten?STUDENT：Could we make it a bit later ? Unfortunately , I've got something to doat ten、Would that be OK?AGENT：Not a problem , How about eleven thirty ? Hope it works out for youAnitaSTUDENT：Me too . And thanks for all your help.However , you will need to be extremely fityou’re interested in coming with us . You have plenty of time to get into shape．You will be sleeping in tents so you must have quite a bit of equipment with you but you will be helpedby local assistants .Your bedding and so forth will be carded by them . We ask that you only walk with a small rucksack with needs for the day .I don’t think I've really said enough about the mar vell ous area you’ll be walking in . Let's havea look at some of the sights you’11 be seeing Apart from these spectacular snow-covered peaks and valleys, there are marvellous historic villages．The area has been famous for centuries for making beautiful carpets , although recently there has been a trend to moveinto weaving blankets and wood carving The people are extremely friendly and welcoming . We deliberately keep the parties small in size to minimize disruption to people and landscape .I hope that there are still some people interested . I will be distributing leaflets at the end where you call find out more information，but just for the moment I’ll outline the itinerary, the main highpoints of the holiday．Obviously , you’ll start by flying out to Kishba ，the capital city , on Day One．After a couple of days to acclimatize yourself , you’ll start the trek on Day Three walking through the enormous Katiba Forest which will take the whole of the day．Day Four takes us higher up，going through the foothills past a number of villages and visiting a school for the disabled in Sohan . Then you have a rest day ,that's Day Five ,before going to the spectacular Kumi Temple with twelfth-century carvings ,set in a small forest bya lake and that's Day Six，the highlight for many．We stay near there for Day Seven because then comes the hardest day ,walking through very mountainous country ,but culminating in a swim in the Parteh Falls , This is the highest waterfall in the region . Day Nine is much easier,whole kilometres down in the water．It stays at this depth for about 10days and is carried around by the currents which operate in the oceanat this level . During this time it's possible for it to cover quite largedistances but the average is fifty kilometresSTUDENT 2：So what is it actually recording ?SIMON：Well at this stage nothing．but as it rises to the surface it collects allsorts of data，most importantly variations in salinity ,that's salt levelsand the changes In temperature，a bit like underwater weather balloons”then when it gets back to the surface all the data it's collected isbeamed up to the satellite . After about five hours on the surface thefloat automatically sinks , beginning the whole process again STUDENT 1：What happens to the data?SIMON：Well the information Is transferred direct to onshore meteorological stations．．．like our one in Hobart．．．and within four hours thefindings can be on computers and they can be mapped and analysed．STUDENT 2：You say you're building models of the world's ocean systems buthow're they going to be used，and more importantly , when? SIMON：Some of the data has already helped in completing projects . Forexample，our understanding of the underlying causes of El Niňoevents is being confirmed by float data Another way we’re using floatdata is to help us to understand the mechanics of climate change，likeSECTION 4Good morning everyone . Today's lecture forms part of the Hospitality and Tourism module Last week 1 looked at the economy end of the hotel business；this week I'm going to discuss The luxury end of the market . Let's consider the following scenario. . .You wake up in the middle of the night in a strange hotel miles away from home , disoriented most probably from jet lag，when even the most expensive surroundings can seem empty and dispiriting . You have paid a great deal of money to stay in this first—class hotel with its contemporary technology ,but according to recent research carried out by an international travel and public relations company , all is not well . The research suggests that even the mostopulent，luxurious hotels seem to have underestimated the most basic needs of their customers-be they travelling for work or pleasure：the need to feel at home in surroundings which are both familiar and inviting .Do these findings , however apply only to hotels situated in particular areas ? Is it possible that the external environment can affect a guest's well-being ? The company's research covered a whole range of different hotel types , both independent hotels and those which are part of large chains . They investigated chic so-called boutique hotels in the heart of downtown business districts，stately mansions located in the depths of beautiful countryside ,and plush hotels built at the edge of tropical beaches surrounded by palm trees and idyllic blue ocean And the research concluded that what was outside the hotel building simply didn't matter．This is a fascinating revelation and those of you hoping to move into careers in the travel andPopular. . .Test 4SECTION 4OFFICER：Yes ,what can I do for you?SUTDENT：My friend Is in homestay … and she really enjoys it… so I'd like tojoin a family as wellOFFICER：Okay ,so let me get some details What's your name?SUTDENT：My name is Keiko YuichiniOFFICER：Could you spell your family name for me? SUTDENT：It's … Yuichini that's Y_U—l—C—H—I—N．I_ OFFICER：And your first name?SUTDENT：It's Keiko．K．E-I—K—O感谢阅读，欢迎大家下载使用！。

Listening Practice 1(Band 4)Section A1. A) She is bored with the work. B) She has nothing to do.C) She is willing to do nothing. D) She feels good at dealing with paperwork.2. A) Tom needs to be punished. B) Tom should value time.C) Tom needs more time. D) Tom doesn’t need to work so hard.3. A) His car ran out of gasoline. B) He may not help her.C) He will take her to the station. D) His car can’t be loaded with the luggage.4. A) Give up the business. B) Raise the bid price.C) Lower the price. D) Stick to the original decision.5. A) He will shop online. B) He can always buy the right size online.C) He is encouraged to shop in the stores. D) The improper ones may be bought online.6. A) Cheating is helpful. B) The examination is not difficult.C) The man will fail in the examination. D) The man should prepare for his study well.7. A) Catch the bus. B) Take a trip. C) Walk to the office. D) Do exercise.8. A) They will leave for another restaurant. B) He will pay for the meal.C) He is not satisfied with the dishes. D) The woman will be treated as a guest. Questions 9 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.9. A) The salesman didn’t recognize her. B) She got her money lost.C) She bought a defective skirt. D) She took the skirt with the wrong size.10. A) Refuse to admit the mistake. B) Return the money to the woman.C) Promise to change for another one. D) Send a sewer to do the repairs.11. A) Ideal. B) Inadequate. C) Creative. D) Reluctant. Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.12. A) Being free to make all choices. B) Revolting against the strict parents.C) Being creative in writing. D) Being fierce with the fellow children.13. A) They are strict with her study. B) They quarrel with her.C) They force her to do something. D) They give her more freedom.14. A) His parents asked him to do so. B) He was bored with the teaching job.C) He wanted to make big money. D) He wanted to meet new challenge.15. A) Write more magazine articles. B) Make a group of friends.C) Take a trip. D) Teach in Africa.Section BPassage One16. A) Today’s parents are less strict with their children.B) Today’s parents are seldom involved in their children’s affairs.C) Today’s parents concern more about their children.D) There is a decline in Today’s parents’ monitoring of the children.17. A) A big decline in parenting. B) The failure of parent s’ control.C) The influence of youth culture. D) A lack of education at school.18. A) They are making more problem behaviors.B) They are more reliant on their parents.C) They are becoming more stressful.D) They are becoming more rebellious against their parents.Passage Two19. A) How animals are described in children’s books.B) How popular the books of animal stories are.C) What the change of animals’ image is in books.D) Why the animals are displayed with human characters.20. A) Animals have the character, like love and loyalty but being realistic.B) Animals are described as having the negative attributes as greed.C) Animals interact with fellows as humans do.D) Animals are described as what they are really like.21. A) Because contemporary children’s authors do the same.B) Because animals in stories will take the concept to the children.C) Because animals do the same teaching as the parents.D) Because children are easily educated in talking animals stories.Passage Three22. A) Making sounds. B) Behaviors ready to fight.C) Looking for foods. D) Greeting gestures.23. A) Through their ears. B) Through the skin of the feet and trunk.C) Through the vibration of the air. D) Through their eyes.24. A) To threaten the other animals. B) To be the warning signs.C) To show the food source. D) To indicate the territorial marks.25. A) Humans can know the others well.B) Humans can find the living place of the animals.C) Humans can improve their communication.D) Humans can get on well with the animals.Section CWriting a term paper, research paper or essay for a college class is a kind of academic writing. Academic writing among 26________________ is a way to create new knowledge.A professor 27_____________ students to write a paper. The students examine an issue, review what is already known, 28_______________ what they have learned and come to some conclusions.This means that each student-writer must 29____________ information and also take a position. The student might support an idea, question it or even 30 ______________ it. Or the writer could show how the subject may be understood better or in a different way than it has been. And the student must support the position with 31______________.Cultural differences may 32_________________ when international students try to write this way. Writing teachers say students in many countries have learned to write beautiful 33________________ something without ever stating the main idea. American college students are expected to state their main idea at the beginning of the paper. In other cultures, paragraphs may be organized to build toward the main idea, which is 34 _________________ at the end. But in the United States, the main idea of each paragraph should be in the first sentence. Another difference is about 35_______________. Other cultures may use lots of descriptive words. But American English values short, strong sentences.Graduate tutor Lars Soderlund says non-native English speakers generally have some trouble with English grammar. He says their sentences may be too long. Or they incorrectly use articles such as “a”, “an” and “the”.。

Practice Test OneScript and Answer KeySection ADirections: In this section, you will hear three news reports. At the end of each news report, you will hear two or three questions. Both the news report and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D).News Report OneMany people traveled to Las Vegas, Nevada last week for the 50th Consumer Electronics Show, or CES. The show is said to have the largest collection of new electronic devices in the world.The 2017 show had many examples of “smart home” devices. “Smart home” technology is designed to make life easier for people by letting computers control many things inside our homes.Jeremy Warren is with smart home service provider Vivint.“When someone comes to your front door and rings the doorbell, the light can turn on immediately. I get a notification when I’m halfway around the world that someone came, and I can start talking to the person who’s at my front door, and I can say, ‘Oh, here let me let you in.’ I can unlock the door for them very easily.”Another use of smart home technology is being able to watch what is taking place in your home—whether you are just around the corner or halfway around the world.A concern for many homeowners is the possibility that someone else might find a way to attack these smart home devices. An official from Vivint said his company is sure that only owners of the home can gain use of information on the devices.Many of these devices at the Consumer Electronics Show were available before. But now they communicate better and can learn repeat behavior and habits.Questions 1 and 2 are based on the news report you have just heard.1. What is NOT true about the 50th Consumer Electronics Show?2. What is the concern for some homeowners when they use smart devices?Key1. D2. CNews Report TwoBritain’s decision to leave the European Union prompted Prime Minister David Cameron to resign and markets to fall around the world. Final results in Thursday’s historic referendum gave the “Leave” campaign 52 percent, while “Remain” took 48 percent. Voter turnout was reported high across Britain, even with heavy rain falling in many areas. The outcomeshocked many within Britain and across the world since recent opinion polls showed a growing lead for “Remain.”UK Independent Party Leader Nigel Farage was the most vocal voice in the anti-EU movement. He said the “Leave” win was “our independence day.” He called the results“a victory for real people, a victory for ordinary people, a victory for decent people.”The close vote showed how deeply divided Britons are on issues of immigration and sovereignty that became the focus of the “Leave” campaign. Prime Minister Cameron addressed that divide outside the official residence at 10 Downing Street Friday morning.Questions 3 and 4 are based on the news report you have just heard.3. Which of the following is the consequence of Britain’s decision to leave the European Union?4. Which is NOT the comment of the UK Independent Party Leader?Key3. A4. DNews Report ThreeThe International Football Association’s ethics committee banned its president, Sepp Blatter, from the organization for eight years on Monday. The association is known as FIFA. Also getting an eight-year ban was Michel Platini, the head of the European soccer federation, UEFA.The ruling came because of a $2 million payment from FIFA to Platini in 2011. The two men called it salary for advising the president. But according to the Associated Press news service, Platini had no such contract with FIFA at the time. Blatter was already serving a provisional ban over the scandal earlier this year when 14 FIFA officials were arrested on corruption charges.The payment is also being investigated by authorities in Switzerland.The organization will elect a new president in February. For many years, it was anticipated that Platini would take over for Blatter. That is not likely after the news of his eight-year ban. Also, Platini is not on the list of candidates for the upcoming election.Blatter promised to fight the ban in the Court of Arbitration for Sport. He denied doing anything wrong by authorizing payments to Platini, calling the lack of a contract an administrative error.Questions 5 to 7 are based on the news report you have just heard.5. What was the FIFA ruling about?6. What was the reason of ruling?7. What was Blatter’s response to the ruling?Key5. A6. B7. CSection BDirections: In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation, you will hear four questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D).Conversation OneM: Well, Cathy, now that we have seen the three apartments, which one do you like best? W: I don’t know, John. I know one thing. I don’t like the one on the 66th Street.M: Neither did I. Let’s cross that one off. That leaves the 75th Street one and the 82nd Street one.W: The one on the 82nd Street has a better view, and a very cheerful kitchen.M: Yes, and I like the carpeting in the hall. It was very clean. But there was no good place to put a desk.W: That’s true. You could always just put it in a corner of the living room, but then you wouldn’t have any secrecy, and the bedroom was too small.M: Yes, you are right.W: If the desk is put in the living room, it is a constant reminder of unfinished work. What about the 75th Street apartment? It has a dining area. We could eat in the kitchen, and put the desk in the dining area. It is more private there.M: Yes, that sounds OK. Only, what I did not like about that place is the west window. It gets quite hot in the late afternoon with the sun beating down on the window.W: Didn’t you notice the air conditioner?M: No. Was there one?W: Yes. And we could improve on the curtains, too.M: Yes, I think the apartment is best for our needs. There is good parking, and there is a semi-private area for our desk.W: OK. Let’s take that one.Questions 8 to 11 are based on the conversation you have just heard.8. Why did they cross off the apartment on the 66th Street?9. Which of the following is NOT true about the apartment on the 82nd Street?10. What’s wrong with the west window?11. Which consideration is crucial in their choice of an apartment?Key8. D 9. B 10. C 11. AConversation TwoW: Hi, John.M: Oh, hi, Laura. What are you doing here?W: Uh, I’m usually here on weekends. It’s my dad’s shop. So, you are looking for a bike? M: Yeah. Now the weather is warming up. I thought I’d get some exercise instead of taking the bus all the time.W: Well, you came to the right place. Do you know what you’d like?M: Well, I don’t want a racer or a touring bike or anything. Mostly I’ll just be using it to get me back and forth from work.W: How far is that?M: About four miles.W: Are there a lot of hills on the way?M: Some I guess. But, um, maybe I should just tell you in front that I’ve got a hundred and fifty dollars. Can I get anything decent for that?W: Well, you are not going to get anything top of the line. But we do have a few used ones in the back that are in good condition.M: That sounds good.W: And you’re right. For that kind of riding you’re going to be doing, the most important thing is comfort. You want to make sure it’s the right height for you. Follow me and I’ll show you what we’ve got.Questions 12 to 15 are based on the conversation you have just heard.12. Why is Laura at the bicycle shop?13. Why does John want to buy a bicycle?14. What does Laura suggest that John buy?15. What does Laura say is the most important about a bike?Key12. A 13. C 14. C 15. DSection CDirections: In this section, you will hear three passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D).Passage OneIn American high schools, most students take English, science, math and history. These are basic courses and each course is as useful as the others. In English class, the students study grammar and read famous literature. In science class, they study biology, chemistry or physics. History is more interesting to some students because they learn important events and places in USA. Students take other courses, too. These are called electives. Some of them are music, home economics and computer science. Students don’t have to take all of these courses. Some study music because they feel it is more enjoyable. Some study computer science because they think it is more practical. In each class, teachers give students exams. Some exams are more difficult than others, but a good student can always do well.Questions 16 to 18 are based on the passage you have just heard.16. What are the basic courses in American high schools?17. Which of the following is true?18. Why do some students choose to study computer science?Key16. B 17. C 18. APassage TwoIt has been found that less than one shopper in five makes a complete shopping list before going to the store. The reason for this is that seven out of ten of today’s purchases are decided in the store, where the shoppers tend toward impulse buying. Buying groceries on impulse has risen for the past 40 years, and, this rise has coincided with the growth of self-service shopping. However, in grocery stores where clerks wait on customers there is much less impulse buying. It is hard for people to buy on impulse if they have to address a clerk.Psychologists have joined forces with merchandising experts. It is their job to persuade people to buy products which they may not need or even want until they see them attractively presented. It was discovered by the psychologists that shoppers want help in their purchases. Having so many choices confuses them, they prefer the package that attracts them. Therefore, it is now more usual for food packers to pay attention to their package design. Attraction depends heavily on the position of the product on the shelf, however. Thus, persuading the shopper to buy is easier if the product is located at eye-level.Questions 19 to 21 are based on the passage you have just heard.19. Which can be the best title for this passage?20. Which of the following is true according to the passage?21. Why is there less impulse shopping in grocery stores where customers are served?Key19. A 20. D 21. DPassage ThreeWe use both words and gestures to express our feelings, but the problem is that these words and gestures can be understood in different ways.It is true that a smile means the same thing in any language. So does laughter or crying. There are also a number of striking similarities in the way different animals show the same feelings. Dogs, tigers and humans, for example, often show their teeth when they are angry. This is probably because they are born with those behavior patterns.Fear is another emotion that is shown in much the same way all over the world. In Chinese and in English literature, a phrase like “he went pale and began to tremble” suggests that man is either very afr aid or he has just got a very big shock. However, “he opened his eyes wide” is used to suggest anger in Chinese whereas in English it might mean surprise. In Chinese “surprise” can be described in a phrase like “they stretched out their tongues!”Sticking out your tongue in English is an insulting gesture or expresses strong dislikes. Even in the same culture, people differ in ability to understand and express feelings. Experiments in America have shown that women are usually better than men at recognizing fear, anger, loveand happiness on people’s faces. Other studies show that older people usually find it easier to recognize or understand body language than younger people do.Questions 22 to 25 are based on the passage you have just heard.22. Why do people’s facial expressions often cause misunderstandings?23. Which group of people have better ability in recognizing facial expressions?24. What can we conclude from this passage?25. What may be the best title for this passage?Key22. C 23. B 24. D 25. A。