用C++编写模拟时钟程序

void CTest13_4Doc::m_TickAdd(){this->m_sec ++;if(this->m_sec == 60){this->m_min ++;this->m_sec = 0;}if(this->m_min == 60){this->m_hour ++;this->m_min = 0;}if(this->m_hour>= 12){this->m_hour -= 12;}}void CTest13_4Doc::M_MoveClockHands(){intpx, py;double degree;//设置秒针的终点坐标degree = this->m_sec * 6 - 90;px = cos((degree/180.0)*PI)* sLen + 250;py = sin((degree/180)*PI)* sLen + 250;this->m_secEndPoint.x = px;this->m_secEndPoint.y= py;//设置分针的终点坐标degree = this->m_min * 6 - 90;px = cos((degree/180.0)*PI) * mLen + 250;py = sin((degree/180)*PI) * mLen + 250;this->m_minEndPoint.x = px;this->m_minEndPoint.y = py;//设置时针的终点坐标degree = this->m_hour * 30 - 90;px = cos((degree/180.0)*PI) * hLen + 250;py = sin((degree/180.0)*PI) * hLen + 250;this->m_hourEndPoint.x = px;this->m_hourEndPoint.y = py;}BOOL CTest13_4Doc::OnNewDocument(){if (!CDocument::OnNewDocument())return FALSE;// TODO: add reinitialization code herethis->m_Rect = CRect(100,100,400,400);this->m_org = this->m_Rect.CenterPoint();this->m_centerRect = CRect(m_Rect.TopLeft().x+140, m_Rect.TopLeft().y+140,m_Rect.BottomRight().x-140, m_Rect.BottomRight().y-140);CTime time = CTime::GetCurrentTime();this->m_hour = time.GetHour();this->m_min = time.GetMinute();this->m_sec = time.GetSecond();//设置时钟指针的终点位置// this->M_MoveClockHands();//设置指针的长度hLen = 80;mLen = 100;sLen = 120;// (SDI documents will reuse this document)return TRUE;}void CTest13_4View::OnDraw(CDC* pDC){CTest13_4Doc* pDoc = GetDocument();ASSERT_VALID(pDoc);SetTimer(0, 1000, NULL);CPen *oldPen, *cPen;CBrush *oldBrush, *cBrush;//画出大的圆cPen = new CPen(PS_SOLID, 3, RGB(255,132,123));cBrush = new CBrush(RGB(123,132,123));oldPen = pDC->SelectObject(cPen);oldBrush = pDC->SelectObject(cBrush);pDC->Ellipse(pDoc->m_Rect);pDC->SelectObject(oldPen);pDC->SelectObject(oldBrush);//画出中心的一个圆cBrush = new CBrush(RGB(255,132,123));pDC->SelectObject(cBrush);pDC->Ellipse(pDoc->m_centerRect);pDC->SelectObject(oldBrush);//得到矩形的另个点，画出四个分线cPen = new CPen(PS_SOLID, 2, RGB(255,222,123));oldPen = pDC->SelectObject(cPen);CPointtl = pDoc->m_Rect.TopLeft();CPointbr = pDoc->m_Rect.BottomRight();pDC->MoveTo((br.x+tl.x)/2, tl.y);pDC->LineTo((br.x+tl.x)/2, tl.y+20);pDC->MoveTo((br.x+tl.x)/2, br.y);pDC->LineTo((br.x+tl.x)/2, br.y-20);pDC->MoveTo(tl.x, (br.y+tl.y)/2);pDC->LineTo(tl.x+20, (br.y+tl.y)/2);pDC->MoveTo(br.x, (br.y+tl.y)/2);pDC->LineTo(br.x-20, (br.y+tl.y)/2);pDC->SelectObject(oldPen);//画出刻度pDC->MoveTo(326,122);pDC->LineTo(320,134);pDC->MoveTo(377,175);pDC->LineTo(365,183);////pDC->MoveTo(377,323);pDC->LineTo(365,317);pDC->MoveTo(326,378);pDC->LineTo(320,365);////pDC->MoveTo(175,377);pDC->LineTo(183,365);pDC->MoveTo(122,326);pDC->LineTo(134,320);////pDC->MoveTo(122,177);pDC->LineTo(134,183);pDC->MoveTo(177,122);pDC->LineTo(183,134);//画出三个时针、分针、秒针//hourpDC->MoveTo(pDoc->m_org);pDC->LineTo(pDoc->m_hourEndPoint);//minutinpDC->MoveTo(pDoc->m_org);pDC->LineTo(pDoc->m_minEndPoint);//secondpDC->MoveTo(pDoc->m_org);pDC->LineTo(pDoc->m_secEndPoint);// TODO: add draw code for native data here}void CTest13_4View::OnTimer(UINT nIDEvent){// TODO: Add your message handler code here and/or call default CTest13_4Doc* pDoc = GetDocument();ASSERT_VALID(pDoc);pDoc->m_TickAdd();pDoc->M_MoveClockHands();this->InvalidateRect(CRect(130,130,370,370));CView::OnTimer(nIDEvent);}void CTest13_4View::OnLButtonDblClk(UINT nFlags, CPoint point) {// TODO: Add your message handler code here and/or call default CTest13_4Doc* pDoc = GetDocument();ASSERT_VALID(pDoc);changeTimectime;if(ctime.DoModal() == IDOK){pDoc->m_hour = ctime.m_Hour;pDoc->m_min = ctime.m_Min;pDoc->m_sec = ctime.m_Sec;//改变系统时间if(ctime.m_ChangeSysTime){CTime time = CTime::GetCurrentTime();SYSTEMTIME tm;tm.wYear = time.GetYear();tm.wDay = time.GetDay();tm.wMonth =time.GetMonth();tm.wHour = ctime.m_Hour;tm.wMinute = ctime.m_Min;tm.wSecond = ctime.m_Sec;tm.wMilliseconds = 0;SetLocalTime(&tm);}pDoc->M_MoveClockHands();}CView::OnLButtonDblClk(nFlags, point);}大体上就用到了上面几个函数，用到的变量自己看着加吧！。

用C语言写的一个PIC16F877的时闹钟程序单片机用16F877，主时钟用20MHz，用32768作定时时间。

可以实现2路定闹，每一路都可分别设置和开关，采用4x4键盘，16x2的字符型LCD显示。

连线在程序开头有说明。

程序的功能：（1）上电后LCD背光打开，并显示倒计时5秒，然后时钟开始工作。

（2）用模式键（*）切换模式，如显示时间、日期、闹钟1、闹钟2等，并且可以用上、下键控制加1、减1或是闹钟的On、Off。

（3）原程序有16个键，包括0~9数字键，可以直接输入要设置的时间值，但后来将数字键取消了，你仍然可以通过修改程序的部分注释恢复此功能。

（4）闹钟有2路，时间到后闹2分钟，可按任意键取消本次闹钟。

闹钟响时有2种音调，是用PIC的PWM实现的。

（5）按任意键可打开背光，1分钟后自动关闭背光。

（6）RA0~RA3为按键扫描输入，应接下拉电阻。

主程序// FileName: Main.c// MCU: Microchip PIC16F877// Tool: CCS-C compiler// Author: KingEDA, MSN:kingeda@, skype:kingeda, E-mail:kingeda@// Website: // Description:// A timer program// Ver 0.1: 2003-03-31, all clock function with date display, 2 way alarm.// Ver 0.2: 2003-05-05, (1) Alarm default is on,modify alarm1 time to 7:00:00,// and alarm2 to 13:30:00.// (2) Backlight will be enabled when alarming.// (3) Automatic adjust day(28,30,31).// (4) Automatic move cursor to next location when set item.// PIN Connection:// RC0~1 : 32768Hz crystal// RC2 : Buzzer// RC3 : LCD Back Light,drive a PNP BJT// RD0~RD7 : to LCD DB0~DB7// RA0~RA3 : keypad col in// RC4~RC7 : keypad line out// 7 8 9 #// 4 5 6 ↑// 1 2 3 ↓// 0 ←→*// RE0 : LCD RS// RE1 : LCD RW// RE2 : LCD E#include "my16f877.h"#device ICD=true//#fuses HS,NOWDT,NOPROTECT,PUT,BROWNOUT #use delay(clock = 24000000)//#use fast_io(C)#use fast_io(E)#define lcd_busy (lcd_read_addr()&0x80) == 0x80#define time_start_addr 0x80+0x04#define time_hourh_addr time_start_addr#define time_hourl_addr time_start_addr+1#define time_minuteh_addr time_start_addr+3#define time_minutel_addr time_start_addr+4#define time_secondh_addr time_start_addr+6#define time_secondl_addr time_start_addr+7#define key_0 0x11#define key_1 0x21#define key_2 0x22#define key_3 0x24#define key_4 0x41#define key_5 0x42#define key_6 0x44#define key_7 0x81#define key_8 0x82#define key_9 0x84#define key_left 0x12#define key_right 0x14#define key_up 0x48#define key_down 0x28#define key_mode 0x18#define key_cancel 0x88char StrPower1[] = " * Power on * ";char StrSetTime[] = " * Adjust time* ";char StrSetDate[] = " * Adjust date* ";char StrAlarm1[] = " * Set alarm 1* ";char StrAlarm2[] = " * Set alarm 2* ";unsigned char PORTC_MAP;#bit BackLightEn = PORTC_MAP.3unsigned char BackLightTimer;int1 led;#bit lcd_rs = PORTE.0#bit lcd_rw = PORTE.1#bit lcd_e = PORTE.2#byte lcd_bus = PORTD#byte lcd_dir = TRISD#define PWM_on 0x0c#define PWM_off 0x00#define PWM_period 200#define PWM_DC 100unsigned char lcd_addr;unsigned char KeyLine;unsigned char KeyOld;unsigned char KeyNew;struct mTime {unsigned char hourh; // hour,0~23unsigned char hourl;unsigned char minuteh; // minute,0~59unsigned char minutel;unsigned char secondh; // second,0~59unsigned char secondl;};struct mTime CurrentTime = {1,2,0,0,0,0};struct mTime AlarmTime1 = {0,7,0,0,0,0}; // 07:00:00 struct mTime AlarmTime2 = {1,3,3,0,0,0}; // 13:30:00 unsigned char AlarmStatus;#bit Alarm1Enable = AlarmStatus.0#bit Alarm2Enable = AlarmStatus.1#bit Alarm1Alarm = AlarmStatus.2#bit Alarm2Alarm = AlarmStatus.3unsigned char Alarm1Cnt; // alarm1 second count unsigned char Alarm2Cnt;unsigned char CurrentMode;#define mode_time 0#define mode_set_time 1#define mode_set_date 2#define mode_set_alarm1 3#define mode_set_alarm2 4unsigned char adjust_item;struct mDate {unsigned char year1; //unsigned char year2;unsigned char year3;unsigned char year4;unsigned char monthh;unsigned char monthl;unsigned char dayh;unsigned char dayl;};struct mDate CurrentDate = {2,0,0,3,0,1,0,1}; unsigned char *pStr;// ------------------------------------------------------- unsigned char lcd_read_addr(){unsigned char ch;lcd_dir = 0xff; // read from lcdlcd_rs = 0;lcd_rw = 1; // instlcd_e = 1;#asmnopnopnop#endasmch = lcd_bus;lcd_e = 0;lcd_dir = 0x00; // set write to lcdreturn ch;}// ------------------------------------------------------- unsigned char lcd_write_data(unsigned char ch) {while (lcd_busy){ restart_wdt(); }lcd_rs = 1; // datalcd_rw = 0; // writelcd_bus = ch; // write outlcd_e = 1;#asmnopnopnop#endasmlcd_e = 0;return 'Y';}// ------------------------------------------------------- unsigned char lcd_write_inst(unsigned char ch) {while (lcd_busy){ restart_wdt(); }lcd_rs = 0; // instlcd_rw = 0; // writelcd_bus = ch;lcd_e = 1;#asmnopnopnop#endasmlcd_e = 0;return 'Y';}// ------------------------------------------------------- unsigned char lcd_read_data(){unsigned char ch;while (lcd_busy){ restart_wdt(); }lcd_dir = 0xff; // read from lcdlcd_rs = 1; // datalcd_rw = 1; // readlcd_e = 1;#asmnopnopnop#endasmch = lcd_bus; // read inlcd_e = 0;lcd_dir = 0x00; // set write to lcdreturn ch;}// ------------------------------------------------------- void lcd_init(){unsigned char Tempch;lcd_addr = 0;delay_ms(100);Tempch = 0x38; // 1-line mode,5x8 dotslcd_write_inst(Tempch); // Function setTempch = 0x0f; // lcd on,cursor on,blink onlcd_write_inst(Tempch); // Display on/offTempch = 0x06; // Increment mode,Entire shift offlcd_write_inst(Tempch);Tempch = 0x01; // clear displaylcd_write_inst(Tempch);delay_ms(3);}// -------------------------------------------------------//#int_timer1//void timer1_interrupt(void)#int_ccp2void ccp2_interrupt(void){//TMR1H = 0x80;if (CurrentTime.secondl==9){CurrentTime.secondl=0;if (CurrentTime.secondh==5){CurrentTime.secondh=0;if (CurrentTime.minutel==9){CurrentTime.minutel=0;if (CurrentTime.minuteh==5){CurrentTime.minuteh=0;if (CurrentTime.hourl==9){CurrentTime.hourl=0;CurrentTime.hourh++;}else if((CurrentTime.hourl==3) && (CurrentTime.hourh==2)){CurrentTime.hourl=0;CurrentTime.hourh=0;if ((((CurrentDate.dayl == 8) || (CurrentDate.dayl == 9)) && (CurrentDate.dayh == 2) && (CurrentDate.monthl == 2) && (CurrentDate.monthh == 0)) ||((CurrentDate.dayl == 0) && (CurrentDate.dayh == 3) && ((((CurrentDate.monthl == 4) || (CurrentDate.monthl == 6)|| (CurrentDate.monthl == 9)) && (CurrentDate.monthh == 0)) || ((CurrentDate.monthl == 1) && (CurrentDate.monthh == 1)))) ||((CurrentDate.dayl == 1) && (CurrentDate.dayh == 3))){CurrentDate.dayl=1;CurrentDate.dayh=0;if ((CurrentDate.monthl == 2) && (CurrentDate.monthh == 1)){CurrentDate.monthl = 1;CurrentDate.monthh = 0;if (CurrentDate.year4 == 9){CurrentDate.year4 = 0;if (CurrentDate.year3 == 9){CurrentDate.year3 = 0;if (CurrentDate.year2 == 9){CurrentDate.year2 = 0;CurrentDate.year1++;}elseCurrentDate.year2++;}elseCurrentDate.year3++;}elseCurrentDate.year4++;}else if(CurrentDate.monthl == 9){CurrentDate.monthl = 0;CurrentDate.monthh++;}elseCurrentDate.monthl++;}else if(CurrentDate.dayl == 9){CurrentDate.dayl=0;CurrentDate.dayh++;}elseCurrentDate.dayl++;}elseCurrentTime.hourl++;}elseCurrentTime.minuteh++;}elseCurrentTime.minutel++;}elseCurrentTime.secondh++;}elseCurrentTime.secondl++;if ((Alarm1Alarm == false) & (Alarm2Alarm == false)){led = 0;CCP1CON = PWM_off;}else{if (led == 1){led = 0;PR2 = PWM_period; // set pwm periodCCPR1L = PWM_DC; // set pwm duty cycle//CCP1CON = PWM_on;}else{led = 1;PR2 = PWM_period/2; // set pwm periodCCPR1L = PWM_DC/2; // set pwm duty cycle//CCP1CON = PWM_off;}}Alarm1Cnt++;Alarm2Cnt++;if (BackLightEn == 0)if (((BackLightTimer++)>=60) & (Alarm1Alarm == false) & (Alarm1Alarm == false))BackLightEn = 1; // disable backlight PORTC = PORTC_MAP;//TMR1IF = 0;//PIR1 = PIR2 = 0x00;CCP2IF = 0;}// ------------------------------------------------------- unsigned char get_key(void){unsigned char key_in,tmp;TRISC = 0x03;KeyLine = 0xf0;PORTC = KeyLine | PORTC_MAP;#asmnopnopnop#endasmif ((PORTA & 0x0f) != 0){tmp = 0x10;for (KeyLine = tmp;KeyLine!=0;KeyLine = tmp){PORTC = KeyLine | PORTC_MAP;tmp = KeyLine <<1;#asmnopnopnop#endasmkey_in = PORTA & 0x0f;if (key_in != 0){return (key_in | KeyLine);}}return 0;}elsereturn 0;}// -------------------------------------------------------void set_mode(void){if (CurrentMode == mode_set_alarm2)CurrentMode = mode_time;else{CurrentMode++;adjust_item = 0;}lcd_write_inst(0x01); // clear LCD displaylcd_write_inst(time_start_addr); // set LCD line1 if (CurrentMode == mode_set_time){lcd_write_data(CurrentTime.hourh + '0');lcd_write_data(CurrentTime.hourl + '0');lcd_write_data(':');lcd_write_data(CurrentTime.minuteh + '0');lcd_write_data(CurrentTime.minutel + '0');lcd_write_data(':');lcd_write_data(CurrentTime.secondh + '0');lcd_write_data(CurrentTime.secondl + '0');pStr = StrSetTime;}else if(CurrentMode == mode_set_date){lcd_write_data(CurrentDate.year1 + '0');lcd_write_data(CurrentDate.year2 + '0');lcd_write_data(CurrentDate.year3 + '0');lcd_write_data(CurrentDate.year4 + '0');lcd_write_data('/');lcd_write_data(CurrentDate.monthh + '0');lcd_write_data(CurrentDate.monthl + '0');lcd_write_data('/');lcd_write_data(CurrentDate.dayh + '0');lcd_write_data(CurrentDate.dayl + '0');pStr = StrSetDate;}else if(CurrentMode == mode_set_alarm1){lcd_write_data(AlarmTime1.hourh + '0');lcd_write_data(AlarmTime1.hourl + '0');lcd_write_data(':');lcd_write_data(AlarmTime1.minuteh + '0');lcd_write_data(AlarmTime1.minutel + '0');lcd_write_data(':');lcd_write_data(AlarmTime1.secondh + '0');lcd_write_data(AlarmTime1.secondl + '0');lcd_write_data(' ');lcd_write_data('O');if (Alarm1Enable){lcd_write_data('n');}else{lcd_write_data('f');lcd_write_data('f');}pStr = StrAlarm1;Alarm1Cnt =0;}else if(CurrentMode == mode_set_alarm2) {lcd_write_data(AlarmTime2.hourh + '0');lcd_write_data(AlarmTime2.hourl + '0');lcd_write_data(':');lcd_write_data(AlarmTime2.minuteh + '0');lcd_write_data(AlarmTime2.minutel + '0');lcd_write_data(':');lcd_write_data(AlarmTime2.secondh + '0');lcd_write_data(AlarmTime2.secondl + '0');lcd_write_data(' ');lcd_write_data('O');if (Alarm2Enable){lcd_write_data('n');}else{lcd_write_data('f');lcd_write_data('f');}pStr = StrAlarm2;Alarm2Cnt = 0;}lcd_write_inst(0xc0); // set LCD line2 if (CurrentMode != mode_time){for (;*pStr!=0;pStr++){ // write hint messagelcd_write_data(*pStr);}lcd_write_inst(0x0f); // LCD cursor onlcd_write_inst(time_start_addr); // move cursor to start }else // time mode,write date to second line{lcd_write_inst(0x0c); // LCD sursor off/* lcd_write_inst(0xc0 + 3); // set date start address lcd_write_data(CurrentDate.year1 + '0');lcd_write_data(CurrentDate.year2 + '0');lcd_write_data(CurrentDate.year3 + '0');lcd_write_data(CurrentDate.year4 + '0');lcd_write_data('/');lcd_write_data(CurrentDate.monthh + '0');lcd_write_data(CurrentDate.monthl + '0');lcd_write_data('/');lcd_write_data(CurrentDate.dayh + '0');lcd_write_data(CurrentDate.dayl + '0');*/ }if (CurrentMode == mode_set_time){lcd_write_inst(time_start_addr); // move cursor to start }else if (CurrentMode == mode_set_date){lcd_write_inst(time_start_addr); // move cursor to start }else if (CurrentMode == mode_set_alarm1){lcd_write_inst(time_secondl_addr+3);adjust_item = 6;}else if (CurrentMode == mode_set_alarm2){lcd_write_inst(time_secondl_addr+3);adjust_item = 6;}else{lcd_write_inst(0x0c); // LCD cursor off}}// ------------------------------------------------------- void set_date(void){if (adjust_item == 0) // adjust year{if ((KeyNew >=0) & (KeyNew <= 9)){CurrentDate.year1 = KeyNew;lcd_write_data(CurrentDate.year1 + '0');//lcd_write_inst(time_start_addr);adjust_item ++;}else if (KeyNew == key_left){adjust_item = 7;lcd_write_inst(time_start_addr + 9);}else if(KeyNew == key_right){adjust_item ++;lcd_write_inst(time_start_addr + 1);}}else if(adjust_item == 1){if ((KeyNew >=0) & (KeyNew <= 9)){CurrentDate.year2 = KeyNew;lcd_write_data(CurrentDate.year2 + '0');//lcd_write_inst(time_start_addr + 1);adjust_item ++;}else if (KeyNew == key_left){adjust_item --;lcd_write_inst(time_start_addr + 0);}else if(KeyNew == key_right){adjust_item ++;lcd_write_inst(time_start_addr + 2);}}else if(adjust_item == 2){if ((KeyNew >=0) & (KeyNew <= 9)){CurrentDate.year3 = KeyNew;lcd_write_data(CurrentDate.year3 + '0');//lcd_write_inst(time_start_addr + 2);adjust_item ++;}else if (KeyNew == key_left){adjust_item --;lcd_write_inst(time_start_addr + 1);}else if(KeyNew == key_right){adjust_item ++;lcd_write_inst(time_start_addr + 3);}}else if(adjust_item == 3){if ((KeyNew >=0) & (KeyNew <= 9)){CurrentDate.year4 = KeyNew;lcd_write_data(CurrentDate.year4 + '0');//lcd_write_inst(time_start_addr + 3);adjust_item ++;lcd_write_inst(time_start_addr + 5);}else if (KeyNew == key_left){adjust_item --;lcd_write_inst(time_start_addr + 2);}else if(KeyNew == key_right){adjust_item ++;lcd_write_inst(time_start_addr + 5);}}else if(adjust_item == 4)if (((CurrentDate.monthl>2) & (KeyNew == 0)) | ((CurrentDate.monthl == 0) & (KeyNew == 1))| (((CurrentDate.monthl == 1) | (CurrentDate.monthl == 2)) & (KeyNew <2))) {CurrentDate.monthh = KeyNew;lcd_write_data(CurrentDate.monthh + '0');//lcd_write_inst(time_start_addr + 5);adjust_item ++;}else if (KeyNew == key_left){adjust_item --;lcd_write_inst(time_start_addr + 3);}else if (KeyNew == key_right){adjust_item ++;lcd_write_inst(time_start_addr + 6);}}else if(adjust_item == 5){if (((CurrentDate.monthh == 3) & (KeyNew <2)) | ((CurrentDate.monthh != 3) & (KeyNew >=0) & (KeyNew <=9))){CurrentDate.monthl = KeyNew;lcd_write_data(CurrentDate.monthl + '0');//lcd_write_inst(time_start_addr + 6);adjust_item ++;lcd_write_inst(time_start_addr + 8);}else if (KeyNew == key_left){adjust_item --;lcd_write_inst(time_start_addr + 5);}else if (KeyNew == key_right){adjust_item ++;lcd_write_inst(time_start_addr + 8);}}else if(adjust_item == 6)if (((CurrentDate.dayl>1) & ((KeyNew == 1) | (KeyNew == 2))) | ((CurrentDate.dayl == 0) & (KeyNew >0) & (KeyNew<4))| ((CurrentDate.dayl == 1) & (KeyNew <4))){CurrentDate.dayh = KeyNew;lcd_write_data(CurrentDate.dayh + '0');//lcd_write_inst(time_start_addr + 8);adjust_item ++;}else if (KeyNew == key_left){adjust_item --;lcd_write_inst(time_start_addr + 6);}else if (KeyNew == key_right){adjust_item ++;lcd_write_inst(time_start_addr + 9);}}else if(adjust_item == 7){if (((CurrentDate.dayh == 3) & (KeyNew <2)) | ((CurrentDate.dayh != 3) & (KeyNew >=0) & (KeyNew <=9))){CurrentDate.dayl = KeyNew;lcd_write_data(CurrentDate.dayl + '0');//lcd_write_inst(time_start_addr + 9);adjust_item ++;lcd_write_inst(time_start_addr + 0);}else if (KeyNew == key_left){adjust_item --;lcd_write_inst(time_start_addr + 8);}else if (KeyNew == key_right){adjust_item = 0;lcd_write_inst(time_start_addr + 0);}}}// -------------------------------------------------------void set_time(void){if (adjust_item == 0) // set hourh{if (((CurrentTime.hourl <4) & (KeyNew < 3)) | ((CurrentTime.hourl >3) & (KeyNew <2))){CurrentTime.hourh = KeyNew;lcd_write_data(CurrentTime.hourh + '0'); // refresh hourh//lcd_write_inst(0x10); // move cursor backadjust_item ++;}else if(KeyNew == key_left){adjust_item = 5;lcd_write_inst(time_secondl_addr);}else if(KeyNew == key_right){adjust_item ++;lcd_write_inst(time_hourl_addr);}}else if (adjust_item == 1) // set hourl{if (((CurrentTime.hourh == 2) & (KeyNew < 4)) | ((CurrentTime.hourh < 2) & (KeyNew <=9))){CurrentTime.hourl = KeyNew;lcd_write_data(CurrentTime.hourl + '0'); // refresh hourl//lcd_write_inst(0x10); // move cursor backadjust_item ++;lcd_write_inst(time_minuteh_addr);}else if(KeyNew == key_left){adjust_item --;lcd_write_inst(time_hourh_addr);}else if(KeyNew == key_right){adjust_item ++;lcd_write_inst(time_minuteh_addr);}}else if (adjust_item == 2) // set minuteh{if (KeyNew <6){CurrentTime.minuteh = KeyNew;lcd_write_data(CurrentTime.minuteh + '0');//lcd_write_inst(0x10); // move cursor backadjust_item ++;}else if(KeyNew == key_left){adjust_item --;lcd_write_inst(time_hourl_addr);}else if(KeyNew == key_right){adjust_item ++;lcd_write_inst(time_minutel_addr);}}else if (adjust_item == 3) // set minutel{if ((KeyNew >=0) & (KeyNew <=9)){CurrentTime.minutel = KeyNew;lcd_write_data(CurrentTime.minutel + '0');//lcd_write_inst(0x10); // move cursor backadjust_item ++;lcd_write_inst(time_secondh_addr);}else if(KeyNew == key_left){adjust_item --;lcd_write_inst(time_minuteh_addr);}else if(KeyNew == key_right){adjust_item ++;lcd_write_inst(time_secondh_addr);}}else if (adjust_item == 4) // set secondh{if (KeyNew <6){CurrentTime.secondh = KeyNew;lcd_write_data(CurrentTime.secondh + '0');//lcd_write_inst(0x10); // move cursor backadjust_item ++;}else if(KeyNew == key_left){adjust_item --;&nb, sp; lcd_write_inst(time_minutel_addr);}else if(KeyNew == key_right){adjust_item ++;lcd_write_inst(time_secondl_addr);}}else if (adjust_item == 5) // set secondl{if ((KeyNew >=0) & (KeyNew <=9)){CurrentTime.secondl = KeyNew;lcd_write_data(CurrentTime.secondl + '0');//lcd_write_inst(0x10); // move cursor backadjust_item = 0;lcd_write_inst(time_hourh_addr);}else if(KeyNew == key_left){adjust_item --;lcd_write_inst(time_secondh_addr);}else if(KeyNew == key_right){adjust_item = 0;lcd_write_inst(time_hourh_addr);}}}// -------------------------------------------------------void set_alarm1(void){if (adjust_item == 0) // set hourh{if (((AlarmTime1.hourl <4) & (KeyNew < 3)) | ((AlarmTime1.hourl >3) & (KeyNew <2))){AlarmTime1.hourh = KeyNew;lcd_write_data(AlarmTime1.hourh + '0'); // refresh hourh//lcd_write_inst(0x10); // move cursor backadjust_item ++;}else if(KeyNew == key_left){adjust_item = 6;lcd_write_inst(time_secondl_addr + 3);}else if(KeyNew == key_right){adjust_item ++;lcd_write_inst(time_hourl_addr);}}else if (adjust_item == 1) // set hourl{if (((AlarmTime1.hourh == 2) & (KeyNew < 4)) | ((AlarmTime1.hourh < 2) & (KeyNew <=9))){AlarmTime1.hourl = KeyNew;lcd_write_data(AlarmTime1.hourl + '0'); // refresh hourl//lcd_write_inst(0x10); // move cursor backadjust_item ++;lcd_write_inst(time_minuteh_addr);}else if(KeyNew == key_left){adjust_item --;lcd_write_inst(time_hourh_addr);}else if(KeyNew == key_right){adjust_item ++;lcd_write_inst(time_minuteh_addr);}}else if (adjust_item == 2) // set minuteh{if (KeyNew <6){AlarmTime1.minuteh = KeyNew;lcd_write_data(AlarmTime1.minuteh + '0');//lcd_write_inst(0x10); // move cursor backadjust_item ++;}else if(KeyNew == key_left){adjust_item --;lcd_write_inst(time_hourl_addr);}else if(KeyNew == key_right){adjust_item ++;lcd_write_inst(time_minutel_addr);}}else if (adjust_item == 3) // set minutel{if ((KeyNew >=0) & (KeyNew <=9)){AlarmTime1.minutel = KeyNew;lcd_write_data(AlarmTime1.minutel + '0');//lcd_write_inst(0x10); // move cursor backadjust_item ++;lcd_write_inst(time_secondh_addr);}else if(KeyNew == key_left){adjust_item --;lcd_write_inst(time_minuteh_addr);}else if(KeyNew == key_right){adjust_item ++;lcd_write_inst(time_secondh_addr);}}else if (adjust_item == 4) // set secondh{if (KeyNew <6){AlarmTime1.secondh = KeyNew;lcd_write_data(AlarmTime1.secondh + '0');//lcd_write_inst(0x10); // move cursor backadjust_item ++;}else if(KeyNew == key_left){adjust_item --;lcd_write_inst(time_minutel_addr);}else if(KeyNew == key_right){adjust_item ++;lcd_write_inst(time_secondl_addr);}}else if (adjust_item == 5) // set secondl{if ((KeyNew >=0) & (KeyNew <=9)){AlarmTime1.secondl = KeyNew;lcd_write_data(AlarmTime1.secondl + '0');//lcd_write_inst(0x10); // move cursor backadjust_item ++;lcd_write_inst(time_secondl_addr+3);}else if(KeyNew == key_left){adjust_item --;lcd_write_inst(time_secondh_addr);}else if(KeyNew == key_right){adjust_item ++;lcd_write_inst(time_secondl_addr+3);}}else if (adjust_item == 6) // set on/off{if ((KeyNew == key_up) | (KeyNew == key_down)){if (Alarm1Enable){Alarm1Enable =false; // disable alarm1lcd_write_data('f');lcd_write_data('f');}else{Alarm1Enable =true; // enable alarm1lcd_write_data('n');lcd_write_data(' ');}//lcd_write_inst(time_secondl_addr+3);adjust_item = 0;lcd_write_inst(time_hourh_addr);Alarm1Cnt = 0;}else if(KeyNew == key_left){adjust_item --;lcd_write_inst(time_secondl_addr);}else if(KeyNew == key_right){adjust_item = 0;lcd_write_inst(time_hourh_addr);}}}// -------------------------------------------------------void set_alarm2(void){if (adjust_item == 0) // set hourh{if (((AlarmTime2.hourl <4) & (KeyNew < 3)) | ((AlarmTime2.hourl >3) & (KeyNew <2))){AlarmTime2.hourh = KeyNew;lcd_write_data(AlarmTime2.hourh + '0'); // refresh hourh//lcd_write_inst(0x10); // move cursor backadjust_item ++;}else if(KeyNew == key_left){adjust_item = 6;lcd_write_inst(time_secondl_addr+3);}else if(KeyNew == key_right){adjust_item ++;lcd_write_inst(time_hourl_addr);}}else if (adjust_item == 1) // set hourl{if (((AlarmTime2.hourh == 2) & (KeyNew < 4)) | ((AlarmTime2.hourh < 2) & (KeyNew <=9))){AlarmTime2.hourl = KeyNew;lcd_write_data(AlarmTime2.hourl + '0'); // refresh hourl//lcd_write_inst(0x10); // move cursor backadjust_item ++;lcd_write_inst(time_minuteh_addr);}else if(KeyNew == key_left){adjust_item --;lcd_write_inst(time_hourh_addr);}else if(KeyNew == key_right){adjust_item ++;lcd_write_inst(time_minuteh_addr);}}else if (adjust_item == 2) // set minuteh{if (KeyNew <6){AlarmTime2.minuteh = KeyNew;lcd_write_data(AlarmTime2.minuteh + '0');//lcd_write_inst(0x10); // move cursor backadjust_item ++;}else if(KeyNew == key_left){adjust_item --;lcd_write_inst(time_hourl_addr);}else if(KeyNew == key_right){adjust_item ++;lcd_write_inst(time_minutel_addr);}}else if (adjust_item == 3) // set minutel{if ((KeyNew >=0) & (KeyNew <=9)){AlarmTime2.minutel = KeyNew;lcd_write_data(AlarmTime2.minutel + '0');//lcd_write_inst(0x10); // move cursor backadjust_item ++;lcd_write_inst(time_secondh_addr);}else if(KeyNew == key_left){adjust_item --;lcd_write_inst(time_minuteh_addr);}else if(KeyNew == key_right){adjust_item ++;lcd_write_inst(time_secondh_addr);}}else if (adjust_item == 4) // set secondh{if (KeyNew <6){AlarmTime2.secondh = KeyNew;lcd_write_data(AlarmTime2.secondh + '0');//lcd_write_inst(0x10); // move cursor backadjust_item ++;}else if(KeyNew == key_left){adjust_item --;lcd_write_inst(time_minutel_addr);}else if(KeyNew == key_right){adjust_item ++;lcd_write_inst(time_secondl_addr);}}else if (adjust_item == 5) // set secondl{if ((KeyNew >=0) & (KeyNew <=9)){AlarmTime2.secondl = KeyNew;lcd_write_data(AlarmTime2.secondl + '0');//lcd_write_inst(0x10); // move cursor backadjust_item ++;lcd_write_inst(time_secondl_addr+3);}else if(KeyNew == key_left){adjust_item --;lcd_write_inst(time_secondh_addr);}else if(KeyNew == key_right){adjust_item ++;lcd_write_inst(time_secondl_addr+3);}}else if (adjust_item == 6) // set on/off{if ((KeyNew == key_up) | (KeyNew == key_down)){if (Alarm2Enable){Alarm2Enable =false; // disable alarm2lcd_write_data('f');lcd_write_data('f');}else{Alarm2Enable =true; // enable alarm2lcd_write_data('n');lcd_write_data(' ');}//lcd_write_inst(time_secondl_addr+3);adjust_item = 0;lcd_write_inst(time_hourh_addr);Alarm2Cnt = 0;}else if(KeyNew == key_left){adjust_item --;lcd_write_inst(time_secondl_addr);}else if(KeyNew == key_right){adjust_item = 0;lcd_write_inst(time_hourh_addr);}}}// -------------------------------------------------------void main(void){unsigned char cnt;TRISC = 0x03; // PORTC.3 drive led,low activePORTC_MAP = 0x00;led = 0;BackLightEn = 0;BackLightTimer = 0;PORTC = PORTC_MAP;TRISA = 0xff; // low half byte as keyscan inTRISE = 0x00;ADCON0 = 0x00;ADCON1 = 0x06; // all digital I/Oslcd_init();INTCON = 0x00;lcd_write_inst(0x80); // set lcd ddram addressfor (pStr = StrPower1;*pStr!=0;pStr++){lcd_write_data(*pStr);}lcd_write_inst(0x0c); // LCD cursor offPIR1 = PIR2 = 0x00;T1CON = 0x0f; // T1CON: -- T1CKPS1 T1CPS0 T1OSCEN /T1SYNC TMR1CS TMR1ONTMR1H = 0x80;TMR1L = 0x00;。

1模拟时钟程序分析模拟时钟程序是tc图形模式编程的典型程序，主要用画圆、画线函数实现，程序流程图如图1：图1 时钟程序流程图代码如下：#include<graphics.h>#include<math.h>#include<dos.h>#define PI 3.1416void init_screen(int x0,int y0,int r0);void sec();main(){int x0=320,y0=240,r0=150; /* x0,y0 圆心坐标点*/init_screen(x0,y0,r0);sec();closegraph(); /* 关闭图形模式*/}void init_screen(int x0,int y0,int r0){int i,x,y,graphdriver,graphmode;char s[10];float alpha,a0=PI/2;graphdriver=DETECT;initgraph(&graphdriver,&graphmode,"");setbkcolor(3);setcolor(2);circle(x0,y0,r0); /* 内圆*/circle(x0,y0,r0+30); /* 外圆*/setfillstyle(SOLID_FILL,10);/*设置填充模式和颜色*/floodfill(x0-r0-10,y0,2); /*填充一个有界区域*//* 填写时钟数字 */for(i=1;i<=12;i++){alpha=a0-30*i*PI/180;x=x0+cos(alpha)*r0-16;y=y0-sin(alpha)*r0;setcolor(4);settextstyle(0,0,2);/*为图形输出设置当前的文本属性settextstyle设置fornt 为字体：DEFAULT_FONT，TRIPLEX_FONT，SMALL_FONT，SANSSERIF_FONT，GOTHIC_FONT，也可以用0 ~ 4代替。

模拟时钟行走课程设计总体要求采用模块儿化程序设计；鼓励可视化编程；源程序中有足够的注释；学生可自行增加新功能模块儿；必须上机调试通过；注重算法运用，优化存储效率与运算效率；需提交源程序及相关文件；目录1 课程任务书2 系统设计3 模块设计3.1 总体结构3.2 流程图3.3 使用的主要函数4 调试及测试1、调试过程中的问题2、调试结果5 设计总结6 心得体会及致谢7 答辩记录8 教师意见一、课程设计任务书在屏幕上显示一个活动时钟；能模拟机械钟表行走；准确地利用数字显示日期和时间；按任意键时程序退出。

二、系统设计总体结构：在绘图窗口中先画出表盘后获取系统的时间，利用得到的系统时间计算表针的位置，并将时间在屏幕上输出。

每隔一秒读取一次时间，直到键盘有输入为止。

流程图开始初始化绘画窗口画表盘否获取系统时间结束使用的主要函数：setlinestyle 设置画线setcolor 设置颜色line（int x1,int y1,int x2,int y2）画直线circle（int x,int y,int r）画圆outtextxy（int x,int y,char *textstring）在指定位置输出字符initgraph(int x, int y); 初始化绘图窗口setwritemode( ); 设置绘图模式kbhit() 检查是否有键盘输入GetLocalTime(&ti); 获取当前时间sleep() 程序暂停若干时间三、模块设计主要模块功能、源代码及注释：1.计算表针的位置并画出表针void Drawzhizhen(int hour, int minute, int second){double a_hour, a_min, a_sec; // 时、分、秒针的弧度值int x_hour, y_hour, x_min, y_min, x_sec, y_sec; // 时、分、秒针的位置a_sec = second * 2 * PI / 60; // 计算时、分、秒针的弧度值a_min = minute * 2 * PI / 60 + a_sec / 60;a_hour= hour * 2 * PI / 12 + a_min / 12;x_sec = int(120 * sin(a_sec)); y_sec = int(120 * cos(a_sec)); ///计算时、分、秒针的位置x_min = int(100 * sin(a_min)); y_min = int(100 * cos(a_min));x_hour= int(70 * sin(a_hour)); y_hour= int(70 * cos(a_hour));setlinestyle(PS_SOLID, NULL, 10); // 画时针setcolor(BLUE);line(300 + x_hour, 240 - y_hour, 300, 240 );setlinestyle(PS_SOLID, NULL, 5);// 画分针setcolor(GREEN);line(300 + x_min, 240 - y_min, 300, 240 );setlinestyle(PS_SOLID, NULL, 2); // 画秒针setcolor(WHITE);line(300 + x_sec, 240 - y_sec, 300, 240 );}2.画表盘void Drawbiaopan(){int i,l,x1,x2,y1,y2;setbkcolor(1);circle(300,240,180);circle(300,240,185);for(i=0;i<60;i++) /*划钟点上的短线*/ {if(i%5==0)l=15;elsel=5;x1=180*sin(i*6*PI/180)+300;y1=180*cos(i*6*PI/180)+240;x2=(180-l)*sin(i*6*PI/180)+300;y2=(180-l)*cos(i*6*PI/180)+240;line(x1,y1,x2,y2);}outtextxy(300,80,"12") ;outtextxy(300,390,"6");outtextxy(140,230,"9");outtextxy(460,230,"3");outtextxy(380,100,"1");outtextxy(220,100,"11");outtextxy(430,160,"2");outtextxy(430,310,"4");outtextxy(380,370,"5");outtextxy(220,370,"7");outtextxy(160,160,"10");outtextxy(160,310,"8");}3.将获取的整数型时间变量转换成字符型void ch1(int a,int x) //将年转换成字符型并输出{char b,c,d,e;b=(char)(a/1000+48);c=(char)((a%1000)/100+48);d=(char)((a%100)/10+48);e=(char)(a%10+48);outtextxy(x,10,b);outtextxy(x+10,10,c);outtextxy(x+20,10,d);outtextxy(x+30,10,e);}void ch2(int a,int x) //其他时间转换成字符型并输出{char b,c;b=(char)(a/10+48);c=(char)(a%10+48);outtextxy(x,10,b);outtextxy(x+10,10,c);}主函数:void main(){initgraph(640, 480); // 初始化绘图窗口Drawbiaopan(); // 绘制表盘setwritemode(R2_XORPEN); // 设置绘图模式SYSTEMTIME ti; // 定义ti保存当前时间while(!kbhit()) // 按任意键退出钟表程序{GetLocalTime(&ti); // 获取当前时间ch1(ti.wYear,10);outtextxy(50,10,"年"); //输出时间ch2(ti.wMonth,65);outtextxy(85,10,"月");ch2(ti.wDay,100);outtextxy(120,10,"日");ch2(ti.wHour,135);outtextxy(155,10,":");ch2(ti.wMinute,165);outtextxy(185,10,":");ch2(ti.wSecond,195);Drawzhizhen(ti.wHour, ti.wMinute, ti.wSecond); // 画表针Sleep(1000); // 延时1 秒Drawzhizhen(ti.wHour, ti.wMinute, ti.wSecond); // 画表针}closegraph(); // 关闭绘图窗口}四调试及测试使用vc企业版进行反复调试五设计总结调试过程出现的问题:1.Vc++6.0中没有“graphics.h”，安装turboc.2.0中的函数库EasyX后出现权限问题。

vc编写一个模拟时钟的程序（VC write an analog clock program）I'm sorry, my program is too big, 4M, because there are other functionsNo way. Towel section proceduresVoid CFill_areaView:: myShowColok (CDC, *pDC){M_time=CTime:: GetCurrentTime ();PDC->FillRect (&CRect (0,0, rect.Width (), rect.Height ()), &CBrush (RGB (100100100));CBrush brush (RGB (150150150));CBrush *oldbrush=pDC->SelectObject (&brush);CPen pen (PS_SOLID, 3, RGB (0,0,0));CPen *oldpen=pDC->SelectObject (&pen);PDC->Ellipse (rect.Width (), /2- (rect.Height ()), /2, rect.Height () (/2-10 ()), /2- (rect.Height ()), /2, rect.Width (), /2+ (rect.Height ()), /2, rect.Height () (&CRect (), /2+ (rect.Height ()), /2-10 (/2-10) /2) /2-10 ());PDC->Ellipse (&CRect (rect.Width ()), /2-3, rect.Height (), /2-3, rect.Width (), /2+3, rect.Height () /2+3);CPen PEN2 (PS_SOLID, 7, RGB (0,0,0));PDC->SelectObject (&pen2);PDC->MoveTo (rect.Width (), /2, rect.Height (), /2-16* (rect.Height (), /2-10) /20);PDC->LineTo (rect.Width (), /2-15* (rect.Height ()), /20, rect.Height (), /2-6* (rect.Height ()) /2-10) /20 (/2-10);PDC->LineTo (rect.Width (), /2-15* (rect.Height ()), /20, rect.Height (), /2+12* (rect.Height ()) /2-10) /20 (/2-10);PDC->LineTo (rect.Width (), /2+15* (rect.Height ()), /20, rect.Height (), /2+12* (rect.Height ()) /2-10) /20 (/2-10);PDC->LineTo (rect.Width (), /2+15* (rect.Height ()), /20, rect.Height (), /2-6* (rect.Height ()) /2-10) /20 (/2-10);PDC->LineTo (rect.Width (), /2, rect.Height (), /2-16* (rect.Height (), /2-10) /20);PDC->MoveTo (rect.Width (), /2-15* (rect.Height ()), /20+25, rect.Height (), /2+12* (rect.Height ()) /2-10) /20 (/2-10);PDC->LineTo (rect.Width (), /2-15* (rect.Height ()), /20+25, rect.Height (), /2+12* (rect.Height ()) /2-10) /20+30 (/2-10);PDC->LineTo (rect.Width (), /2-15* (rect.Height ()), /20+25+40, rect.Height (), /2+12* (rect.Height ()) /2-10) /20+30 (/2-10);PDC->LineTo (rect.Width (), /2-15* (rect.Height ()), /20+25+40, rect.Height (), /2+12* (rect.Height ()) /2-10) /20 (/2-10);PDC->MoveTo (rect.Width (), /2+15* (rect.Height ()), /20-25, rect.Height (), /2+12* (rect.Height ()) /2-10) /20 (/2-10);PDC->LineTo (rect.Width (), /2+15* (rect.Height ()), /20-25, rect.Height (), /2+12* (rect.Height ()) /2-10) /20+30 (/2-10);PDC->LineTo (rect.Width (), /2+15* (rect.Height ()), /20-25-40, rect.Height (), /2+12* (rect.Height ()) /2-10) /20+30 (/2-10);PDC->LineTo (rect.Width (), /2+15* (rect.Height ()), /20-25-40, rect.Height (), /2+12* (rect.Height ()) /2-10) /20 (/2-10);CPen pen1 (PS_SOLID, 1, RGB (0,0,0));PDC->SelectObject (&pen1);Double alpha=0;MyPoint, P1, P2, p3;P1=m_pointColok[0], p2=m_pointColok[4], p3=m_pointColok[5];For (int i=0; i<=60; i++){Alpha=i*6*pi/180;P1.x=m_pointColok[0].x*cos (alpha) -m_pointColok[0].y*sin (alpha);P1.y=m_pointColok[0].x*sin (alpha) +m_pointColok[0].y*cos (alpha);PDC->MoveTo (ChangePoint (P1).X, ChangePoint (P1).Y);P2.x=m_pointColok[4].x*cos (alpha) -m_pointColok[4].y*sin (alpha);P2.y=m_pointColok[4].x*sin (alpha) +m_pointColok[4].y*cos (alpha);P3.x=m_pointColok[5].x*cos (alpha) -m_pointColok[5].y*sin (alpha);P3.y=m_pointColok[5].x*sin (alpha) +m_pointColok[5].y*cos (alpha);If (i%5==0)PDC->LineTo (ChangePoint (P2).X, ChangePoint (P2).Y);ElsePDC->LineTo (ChangePoint (P3).X, ChangePoint (P3).Y);PDC->SetBkMode (TRANSPARENT);CFont font;Font.CreateFont (16,12,0,0, FW_NORMAL),假，假，假，ansi_charset，out_default_precis，clip_default_precis，default_quality，default_pitch | ff_swiss，“Arial”）；CFont * oldfont = PDC -> SelectObject（与字体）；/ /改变字体PDC -> SetTextColor（RGB（255205100））；PDC -> TextOut（矩形。

目录摘要： (1)1.C#语言简介 (2)2.实现目标 (2)3.主要方法 (3)4.实验过程中的难点 (3)5.实验过程 (4)6.总结 (6)附录（源程序）： (7)用C#实现时钟模拟用C#实现时钟模拟摘要：我们日常生活中有各种各样的时钟。

随着计算机的普及和计算机科学的飞速发展人们开始越来越多的利用计算机解决实际问题,开发一个易于查看的时钟有较大的现实意义。

VisualStudiio 2008是面向Windows Vista、Office 2007、Web 2.0的下一代开发工具，其强大的兼容性以及高速处理能力帮助程序人员轻松应对研究、测试、开发过程中的各种问题。

对于Web，ASP NET AJAX 及其他新技术使开发人员能够迅速创建更高效、交互式更强和更个性化的新一代Web 体验。

本文基于VisualStudiio 2008采用C#语言，应用GDI+应用程序编程借口（API）实现时钟模拟。

关键词：C#开发时钟模拟GDI+ VisualStudio20081.C#语言简介C#是一种安全的、稳定的、简单的、优雅的，由C和C++衍生出来的面向对象的编程语言。

它在继承C和C++强大功能的同时去掉了一些它们的复杂特性（例如没有宏以及不允许多重继承）。

C#综合了VB简单的可视化操作和C++的高运行效率，以其强大的操作能力、优雅的语法风格、创新的语言特性和便捷的面向组件编程的支持成为.NET开发的首选语言。

C#旨在设计成为一种“简单、现代、通用”，以及面向对象的程序设计语言，此种语言的实现，应提供对于以下软件工程要素的支持：强类型检查、数组维度检查、未初始化的变量引用检测、自动垃圾收集（Garbage Collection，指一种自动内存释放技术）。

软件必须做到强大、持久，并具有较强的编程生产力。

此种语言为在分布式环境中的开发提供适用的组件开发应用。

为使程序员容易迁移到这种语言，源代码的可移植性十分重要，尤其是对于那些已熟悉C和C++的程序员而言。

使用C#模拟时钟表的一种简单制作方法PointF center=new PointF(s_pinlen+3,s_pinlen+3);//中心点位置SolidBrush sb=new SolidBrush(Color.Black);//时钟圆心的刷子除上述变量声明外,时钟表功能编写子方法,方法名为:AngleToPos和myClock,方法AngleToPos是根据角度和百分比计算出一个点的坐标函数,代码如下:PointF AngleToPos(int angle,float percent){PointF pos=new PointF();double radian=angle*Math.PI/180;pos.Y=center.Y-s_pinlen*percent*(float)Math.Sin(radian);pos.X=center.X+s_pinlen*percent*(float)Math.Cos(radian);return pos;}方法myClock主要是绘制时钟表的中心位置、秒针、分针及时针的结束位置。

代码如下: Pen pDisk=new Pen(Color.Orange,3);//时钟背景的笔Pen pScale=new Pen(Color.Coral);//刻度的笔Graphics myGraphics=pictureBox1.CreateGraphics();myGraphics.Clear(Color.White);Pen myPen=new Pen(Color.Black,2);Point CPoint=new Point(s_pinlen,s_pinlen);Point SPoint=new Point((int)(CPoint.X+(Math.Sin(6*s*Math.PI/180))* s_pinlen),(int)(CPoint.Y-(Math.Cos(6*s*Math.PI/180))*s_pinlen));Point MPoint=new Point((int)(CPoint.X+(Math.Sin(6*m*Math.PI/180))* m_pinlen),(int)(CPoint.Y-(Math.Cos(6*m*Math.PI/180))*m_pinlen));Point HPoint=new Point((int)(CPoint.X+(Math.Sin(((30*h)+(m/2))*Ma th.PI/180))*h_pinlen),(int)(CPoint.Y-(Math.Cos(((30*h)+(m/2))*Mat h.PI/180))*h_pinlen));myGraphics.FillEllipse(sb,center.X-8,center.Y-7,14,14);myGraphics.DrawLine(myPen,CPoint,SPoint);myPen=new Pen(Color.Blue,4);。

数字时钟C程序及仿真-CAL-FENGHAI-(2020YEAR-YICAI)_JINGBIAN**************************************/#include <>unsigned char code SEG7[12]={0xC0,0xF9,0xA4,0xB0,0x99,0x92,0x82,0xF8,0x80,0x90,0xbf,0xff,};unsigned short int tcount;//sbit set=P1^0;//sbit up=P1^1;//sbit down=P1^2;unsigned charDisSecondL,DisSecondH,DisMinutL,DisMinutH,DisHourL,DisHourH;//结构体变量struct time{unsigned char second;unsigned char minute;unsigned char hour;}time1;//延时子程序void delay(k)unsigned int k;{unsigned char j;while((k--)!=0)for(j=0;j<125;j++);}//时钟调整子程序TimeUpDown(n,x,y)unsigned char n,x,y;{if(up==0){delay(50); //消除抖动if(up==0){n++;if(n==x)//上限越界显示为0n=0;while(up==0);}}if(down==0){delay(50);if(down==0){if(n==0)//下限越界显示为最大可显示n=y;elsen--;while(down==0);}}return n;//返回调整后的值} *///显示子程序void display(DisSecondL,DisSecondH,DisMinutL,DisMinutH,DisHourL,DisHourH) {// 日日日日日日// 1 2 3 4 5 6// hH hL mH mL sH sL// 01 02 04 08 10 20P2=0x00;P0=SEG7[DisSecondL]; //显示秒钟的个位P2=0x20;delay(3);P2=0x00;P0=SEG7[DisSecondH]; //显示秒钟的十位P2=0x10;delay(3);P2=0x00;P0=SEG7[DisMinutL]; //显示分钟的个位P2=0x08;delay(3);P2=0x00;P0=SEG7[DisMinutH]; //显示分钟的十位P2=0x04;delay(3);P2=0x00;P0=SEG7[DisHourL]; //显示小时的个位P2=0x02;delay(3);P2=0x00;if(DisHourH==0){;}else{P0=SEG7[DisHourH]; //显示小时的十位P2=0x01;delay(3);}}void main(){//unsigned char Flag;=40;=03;=05;TMOD=0x01;TH0=(65536-50000)/256;TL0=(65536-50000)%256;EA=1;ET0=1;TR0=1;while(1){display(DisSecondL,DisSecondH,DisMinutL,DisMinutH,DisHourL,DisHourH);if(set == 0) //设置标志位 Flag{delay(50);if(set == 0){TR0 = 0;Flag++;if(Flag > 3) //0:显示时间,1:小时调整，2:分钟调整，3:秒调整Flag = 0;}while(set == 0);}switch(Flag){case 0:TR0=1;display%10,10,%10,10,%10,10);break;case 1: //时钟小时调整TR0=0;=TimeUpDown,24,23);display(10,10,10,10,%10,10);break;case 2: //时钟分钟调整=TimeUpDown,60,59);display(10,10,%10,10,10,10);break;case 3: //时钟秒调整=TimeUpDown,60,59);display%10,10,10,10,10,10);break;//default:// break;}}}void t0(void) interrupt 1{TH0=(65536-50000)/256; TL0=(65536-50000)%256; tcount++;if(tcount==20){tcount=0;++;}if >=60){=0;++;}if >=60){=0;++;}if>=12){=1;}DisSecondL=%10;DisSecondH=10;DisMinutL=%10;DisMinutH=10;DisHourL=%10;DisHourH=10;}。

《单片机技术》课程设计说明书数字电子钟系、部：电气与信息工程学院学生姓名：指导教师：职称专业：班级：完成时间：2013-06-07摘要电子钟在生活中应用非常广泛，而一种简单方便的数字电子钟则更能受到人们的欢迎。

所以设计一个简易数字电子钟很有必要。

本电子钟采用ATMEL公司的AT89S52单片机为核心，使用12MHz 晶振与单片机AT89S52 相连接,通过软件编程的方法实现以24小时为一个周期，同时8位7段LED数码管(两个四位一体数码管)显示小时、分钟和秒的要求,并在计时过程中具有定时功能，当时间到达提前定好的时间进行蜂鸣报时。

该电子钟设有四个按键KEY1、KEY2、KEY3、KEY4和KEU5键,进行相应的操作就可实现校时、定时、复位功能。

具有时间显示、整点报时、校正等功能。

走时准确、显示直观、运行稳定等优点。

具有极高的推广应用价值。

关键词电子钟；AT89S52；硬件设计；软件设计ABSTRACTClock is widely used in life, and a simple digital clock is more welcomed by people. So to design a simple digital electronic clock is necessary.The system use a single chip AT89S52 of ATMEL’s as its core to control The crystal oscillator clock,using of E-12MHZ is connected with the microcontroller AT89S52, through the software programming method to achieve a 24-hour cycle, and eight 7-segment LED digital tube (two four in one digital tube) displays hours, minutes and seconds requirements, and in the time course of a timing function, when the time arrived ahead of scheduled time to buzz a good timekeeping. The clock has four buttons KEY1, KEY2, KEY3,KEY4 and KEY5 key, and make the appropriate action can be achieved when the school, timing, reset. With a time display, alarm clock settings, timer function, corrective action. Accurate travel time, display and intuitive, precision, stability, and so on. With a high application value.Key words Electronic clock;；AT89S52；Hardware Design；Software Design目录1设计课题任务、功能要求说明及方案介绍 (1)1.1设计课题任务 (1)1.2功能要求说明 (1)1.3设计总体方案介绍及原理说明 (1)2设计课题硬件系统的设计 (2)2.1设计课题硬件系统各模块功能简要介绍 (2)2.2设计课题电路原理图、PCB图、元器件布局图 (2)2.3设计课题元器件清单 (5)3设计课题软件系统的设计 (6)3.1设计课题使用单片机资源的情况 (6)3.2设计课题软件系统各模块功能简要介绍 (6)3.3设计课题软件系统程序流程框图 (6)3.4设计课题软件系统程序清单 (10)4设计结论、仿真结果、误差分析、教学建议 (21)4.1设计课题的设计结论及使用说明 (21)4.2设计课题的仿真结果 (21)4.3设计课题的误差分析 (22)4.4设计体会 (22)4.5教学建议 (22)结束语 (23)参考文献 (24)致谢 (25)附录 (26)1 设计课题任务、功能要求说明及方案介绍1.1 设计课题任务设计一个具有特定功能的电子钟。

要用C 语言编写一个闹钟程序，你需要按照以下步骤进行：
包含必要的头文件：首先，你需要包含<time.h> 和<unistd.h> 两个头文件。

这两个头文件将为你提供时间和睡眠函数，这些函数是实现闹钟功能所必需的。

输入闹钟时间：接下来，你需要让用户输入闹钟的触发时间。

你可以使用scanf() 函数来获取用户输入。

计算睡眠时间：接下来，你需要计算出当前时间和闹钟触发时间之间的时间差，并使用睡眠函数等待该时间差。

你可以使用time() 函数获取当前时间，并使用difftime() 函数计算时间差。

你还可以使用sleep() 函数来等待相应的时间。

播放提醒声音：最后，你需要在闹钟触发时向用户播放一个提醒声音。

你可以使用system() 函数来执行一个系统命令，播放提醒声音。

示例代码如下：
#include <time.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <stdio.h>
int main() {
// 输入闹钟时间
int hour, minute;
printf("请输入闹钟时间（小时。

一·功能1、计时功能，数码管显示数值从00:00:00--23:59：59循环替换，且周期时间与实际时间吻合。

2、定时闹钟功能，按下“定时”键后，可以设定所需要的任意时间，定时完成后，当到达设定时间后，蜂鸣器发声。

3、调整时间功能，根据此项功能可将时钟调至正确的时间。

4、查看定时功能，当设定完成后可以查看上次定时的时间，且能在此基础上进行重新定时。

二·按键说明设定键：按一次开始设定时间，并将设定过程显示在数码管上。

若未按此键，则其他按键无效。

设定过程中，再按一次此键，定时结束，数码管显示返回时钟。

当第一次按下设定键时，显示值为00:00：00，在此基础上调节定时时间。

第一次设定完成后，以后再按设定键，显示初值则为上次定时的时间。

确定键：在定时过程中按下此键，则保留当前设定的时间为定时时间。

若定时过程未按此键，定时无效。

向上键:按下此键，使得当前设定值在现有数值上加一，当加至满位时，当前值变为零。

向下键：按下此键，使得当前设定值在现有数值上减一，当减至零时，当前值变为满位减一。

向左键：按下此键，使得设定值移向左边一位，若已经在最左边，则移至最右边。

向右键：按下此键，使得设定值移向右边一位，若已经在最右边，则移至最左边。

三·具体操作演示（一）·定时及查看定时演示1.仿真开始。

如图：2、按键如图:3、按下设定键，开始设定时间，如图:4、如图所示，当前设定时位。

按向上键，使数值加一。

5、按下向右键，设定位移至分位。

6、按下向下键，使数字减一。

7、按确定键，确定当前设定的时间。

再按设定键，退出定时，开始时钟显示。

8、设定完成后按设定键，显示前次设定值，可在此基础上重新设定，也可直接再按设定键推出。

9、当时钟运行到设定时间时，蜂鸣器发声。

（二）·调整时间演示1、计时开始。

2、按照定时的方法开始设定时间，使其显示20:10:09。

3、调整到正确时间后，按下确定键不放，同时再按一下设定键，将目前设定值送入时钟，使其开始从设定值计时。

案例五模拟时钟应用程序以实例为背景学习基于MFC的WINDOWS应用程序设计，编写一个模拟时钟程序，此程序在屏幕左边有一个指针式钟面，右方有两个矩形框，上面以数字方式显示日期和时间，该时间应与指针显示的时间一致，下方的矩形框作为秒表。

用菜单选项或按钮设置时间和秒表。

时间不必与机器系统时间相同，可任意设置。

模拟时钟示意图1 编程要求（1）为该程序设计一个美观大方的图标。

（2）程序界面设计合理，色彩得体大方，显示正确。

（3）时针、分针和秒针形象美观，即使各指针重合也可辨认。

（4）各指针运动规律正确。

为便于演示，时钟速度应比实际时间快20倍，即1小时相当于3分钟。

（5）数字式时钟的时间显示与指针式时钟显示一致。

（6）按下设置时间按钮或菜单项可弹出一对话框，用于设置当前的时间和日期。

（7）按下秒表控制按钮后，秒表显示窗中显示从0开始的时间，单位为百分之一秒。

再次按下秒表控制按钮后计时停止，该窗口显示累计时间。

2 问题分析本题主要涉及到的知识点有：时钟指针运动算法、屏幕重绘方法、定时器消息、鼠标消息、菜单命令、对话框、画笔/画刷、显示文字等。

指针运动算法和屏幕重绘方法是本程序主要难点所在。

不论何种指针，每次转动均以π/30弧度（一秒的角度）为基本单位，且都以表盘中心为转动圆心。

计算指针端点（x, y）的公式如下：x =圆心x坐标+ 指针长度* cos (指针方向角)y =圆心y坐标+ 指针长度* sin (指针方向角)注意，指针长度是指自圆心至指针一个端点的长度（是整个指针的一部分），由于指针可能跨越圆心，因此一个指针需要计算两个端点。

三个指针的运动是相关联的，秒针转一圈引起分针运动一格，分针转一圈引起时针运动一格，因此应该使用一个定时器消息来处理指针的运动。

若用三个定时器消息分别处理时针、分针和秒针的运动，就会使问题复杂化且不易实现三个指针联动的正确规律。

采用一个定时器消息可以很容易实现指针联动算法。

由于屏幕的重绘速度很快（50 ms一次），如果采用全屏删除式重绘则闪烁十分明显，显示效果不佳。