2023届上海市徐汇区高三上学期第一次模拟考试英语试题学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________一、用单词的适当形式完成短文Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.What is Prosopagnosia?Imagine living in a world where everyone looks vaguely familiar, but you never know for certain exactly who anyone is. Your old classmates, your coworkers, your friends, and even your family members can appear ____1____ first glance to be friendly strangers who seem to know you. That’s ____2____ life is like for people with prosopagnosia, or face blindness.Prosopagnosia is a neurological (神经性的) disorder that causes someone to have trouble recognizing people they know, or distinguishing between different people’s faces.____3____ difficulties in face recognition were noted over a hundred years ago, understanding of prosopagnosia is still unfolding. The condition has received a significant share of the public’s attention after American author Jean Gilbert penned down her struggles with prosopagnosia in her book, The Picasso Mirror. ____4____, such as well-known British anthropologist Dr Jane Goodall and Hollywood actor Brad Pitt, have also revealed that they have face blindness.A study from Harvard and University College London found that prosopagnosia may affect up to 2% of the population, ____5____ (mean) there may be millions of face-blind people. For many people just realising that their difficulties are the result of a recognised neurological condition and that they are “not alone” ____6____ (make) a huge difference.For typical observers face recognition is based on the whole face, but for prosopagnostics is it the opposite — they are more focused on ____7____ (isolate) features. They often have to rely on clues other than someone’s facial features, such as hairstyle, clothing, or voice, ____8____ (identify) the people they know. It ____9____ be very disturbing for the person who has face blindness, as they do not know how to relate with people. This would hold especially true if the person isn’t aware that they might have prosopagnosia. They could become socially withdrawn, _____10_____ could lead todepression, panic attacks, social isolation or social anxiety.二、选用适当的单词或短语补全短文Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.The magic numbers This is the age of the data scientist.Employers of all kinds prize people with the skills to obtain and analyze enormous amounts of information, to spot patterns in the data and to turn them into useful ____11____. But some of the most valuable figures in business need neither a(n) ____12____ team nor knowledge of Python. They are simple to remember and useful in every organization: Zero: Doing nothing can be the most valuable thing a manager can do, as the story of Atwood’s duck ____13____. It was well known that the higher-ups had to make a change to everything that was done. The ____14____ was that subconsciously they felt that if they didn’t, they weren’t adding value. The artist working on the queen animations for Battle Chess was aware of this ____15____, and came up with an innovative solution. He did the animations for the queen the way that he felt would be best, with one addition: he gave the queen a pet duck. Eventually, it came time for the higher-ups to review the animation set for the queen. Sure enough, they asked the programmer to do only one thing: ____16____ the bird.One: This is the number of bosses people should have. In reality, matrix (矩阵) structures and team-based ____17____ mean that team members report to multiple leaders. This can have benefits, but ____18____ is not one of them. The Gallup poll showed that those who work in a matrix are less likely to know what is expected of them, and more likely to spend their day in endless internal meetings. While the intention of the matrix is to benefit teams, it may ____19____ projects and muddy the overall process.Three: Good marketing follows certain universal truths. In a paper published in 2013, two academics tested whether there was a perfect number of claims that marketers should make for their products and services in _____20_____ messages. They found that makingthree claims was best: any fewer and consumers felt they lacked enough information to make their minds up about a product; any more and they became confused. The “rule of three” is useful in many other settings, too, from points in presentations to pricing options for customers.三、完形填空Are you a digital hoarder?Most people are familiar with hoarding (囤积) and the psychological issues associated with it. Hoarding leads to messy homes and difficulty ____21____ with items that you don’t use and don’t even need. But hoarding can also occur in the digital world.Digital hoarding, also known as e-hoarding, is too much acquisition and ____22____ to delete electronic material no longer valuable to the user. Most computer users save digital files to some extent, and that’s expected. With digital hoarding, however, the act of saving the files becomes an uncontrollable ____23____. Digital hoarders may collect emails, photos, articles, podcasts, or any type of computer files they believe they may want to revisit in the future, and ultimately, in most cases, they ____24____ get to actually use it or listen to it or read it.Digital hoarding also occurs when someone is too ____25____ to the data even to consider getting rid of it. This can include chats and photos of an old partner, ____26____ sent by a long-lost friend, or even screenshots collected several years ago.Researchers have ____27____ digital hoarders into 4 different types, according to their characteristics. “Collectors” are organized, ____28____ and in control of their data. “Accidental hoarders”, also called “____29____ or disorganized hoarders”, don’t intentionally save unnecessary data. They just don’t know how to organize it. “The hoarders by instruction” keep data on behalf of their company (even when they could delete much of it). Finally, “anxious hoarders” have strong emotional ____30____ to their data — and are worried about deleting it.The problem has only gotten worse since we have more ____31____ to digital storage than ever. In addition, cloud storage makes it incredibly easy to purchase more storage as needed. With ____32____ cloud space, it’s logical when network users don’t think twice about saving files.However, studies found that digital hoarders experience increased levels of stress and now researchers are observing that the negative consequences of digital hoarding may be similar to those of ____33____ hoarding. ____34____, it’s important to set time aside to have a good clear-out, in the same way we do in the physical world. By organizing and____35____ useless files in a regular way, people with this problem can ease some of their distress and clear their own mind as well.21．A．stocking B．binding C．living D．parting 22．A．reluctance B．eagerness C．perspective D．fantasy 23．A．obstacle B．boost C．urge D．stream 24．A．substantially B．frequently C．autonomously D．rarely 25．A．transmitted B．closed C．attached D．assigned 26．A．flowers B．texts C．gifts D．letters 27．A．regulated B．categorized C．integrated D．stimulated 28．A．rigid B．generous C．patriotic D．systematic 29．A．disengaged B．enthusiastic C．reliable D．discriminated 30．A．appeals B．conflicts C．issues D．ties 31．A．access B．concern C．desire D．excuse 32．A．multiple B．secure C．limitless D．meaningless 33．A．massive B．regular C．casual D．physical 34．A．Instead B．However C．Otherwise D．Therefore 35．A．making use of B．taking care of C．getting rid of D．getting used to四、阅读理解Jacob hated finishing things almost as much as he loved starting them. As a result, he had gotten into a million hobbies and activities, but he never stuck with any of them long enough to get any good.He begged his mother for months for a guitar so that he could play Black Eyed Peas songs to Angie, a girl he liked, but after he finally got one for Christmas, he found out that guitars don’t play themselves. He took a few lessons, but the strings hurt his fingers and he didn’t like holding the pick, so now the five-hundred dollar guitar lives under his bed.After reading an ad in the back of one of his comic books, Jacob decided that he wanteda Wonder-Sweeper 5000 metal detector, so that he could find buried treasure. So he mowed lawns all summer and shoveled driveways all winter. He didn’t spend his money on ice-cream like his younger brother, Alex. By the time spring came he had saved $200, and he purchased the Wonder-Sweeper 5000 metal detector. He beeped it around the park for a while, be he soon found out that no one had ever left any treasure in his neighborhood. He buried the metal detector in his closest.Given Jacob’s history with hobbies, it was no surprise that Jacob’s father was reluctant to buy him a magician’s kit for his birthday. Jacob was insistent. “Dad, this time I’ll stick with it for real. I promise!” Jacob begged. Jacob’s father sighed. But he was reminded of his own youth long ago, when he quit football and started boxing practice before hardly getting his equipment dirty. So when Jacob’s birthday came around, Jacob was both surprised and pleased to find the magician’s kit that he had desired so badly. Jacob opened up the box and unwrapped the many parts in the kit. He took the many fake coins, trick cards, and rope pieces of varying length on the kitchen table and imagined pulling rabbits out of his hat and turning them into pigeons with a mysterious puff of smoke.As Jacob continued pulling plastic thumbs, foam balls, and giant playing cards out of the magic kit, a commercial on the TV caught his attention.“Hey kids! Have you ever wanted to go to space? Experience what it’s like to be an astronaut? Do you want to explore the universe? Well, now you can.” As the commercial continued playing, Jacob walked away from the magic kit on the kitchen table and stared at the TV screen longingly. “For only $195 you can go to space camp and live life like an astronaut for a whole weekend. Enroll now for a once in a life time experience.” Jacob’s cry rang throughout the house as he yelled, “MOM!” He now knew what his true purpose in life was.36．Why did Jacob stop playing the guitar?A．It hurt his fingers.B．He’d rather play drums.C．It was too expensive.D．He became interested in comic books. 37．Jacob’s father decided to buy him the magician’s kit because ________.A．Jacob was insistent on having it B．Jacob’s birthday was coming C．Jacob quit many expensive activities D．Jacob reminded his father of himself 38．Which of the following is Jacob most likely to do next based on the end of the story? A．Become a great magician.B．Learn to play guitar well.C．Detect an incredible hidden treasure.D．Raise money to go to space camp. 39．What can be learned about Jacob according to the passage?A．He was persistent in pursuing his dreams.B．He never stuck with anything for long. C．He has always wanted to be a magician.D．He finally found his true purpose in life.40．Which of the following can be learned from the passage?A．Mount Yasur is a light tower on the Pacific Ocean.B．The history of volcano surfing dates back centuries.C．Bungee jumping grew out of land diving.D．Land diving came to Vanuatu from another country.41．The underlined word captivating is closest in meaning to ________.A．distressing B．charming C．disappointing D．relieving 42．Which of the following could be the best title of this passage?A．Untouched Beauty: V ANUA TU B．V olcano Adventure: V ANUA TU C．Extreme Destination: V ANUATU D．Preserved Culture: V ANUA TUA rich burial was unearthed by archaeologists at La Almoloya, southeastern Spain that is the cradle of the El Argar civilization, which lived in the region during the Bronze Age.La Almoloya was a primary center of politics and wealth in the El Argar territory, and although the discovery was made in 2014, experts are now taking a closer look at the sociological and political context of the unearthed treasure.The remains of a woman, along with a man who may have been her husband, were discovered in the forested hills of the area. Radiocarbon dating suggests the burial happened around 1700 BC．The pair were found with 30 objects containing precious metals andsemi-precious stones, including the silver diadem (王冠), which encircled the skull (颅骨) of the woman.Experts believe that the man in the grave was probably a warrior; wear and tear on his bones indicate he spent a lot of time on horseback, and his skull had deep scars from a facial injury, while gold plugs through his earlobes indicated he was someone of distinction.The woman, named the “Princess of La Almoloya”, was buried a short time after the man, with vast quantities of jewellery: bracelets, earlobe plugs and rings, to name a few. The grave goods of the woman were worth tens of thousands of dollars in today’s money.“We have two ways of interpreting this,” says archaeologist Roberto Risch of the Autonomous University of Barcelona. “Either you say, it’s just the wife of the king; or yousay, no, she’s a political personality by herself.”Risch is a co-author of a study that was recently published about the important findings, that noted the building under which the grave was found was of equal importance—a building specifically dedicated to governing purposes in Western Europe. A wide hall was excavated (挖掘), with high ceilings, a raised platform, and a capacity for more than 50 people to sit on benches that lined the walls. “It’s a building where people could be sitting listening to each other, or to someone explaining something,” says Risch, “There is no evidence of food and no clear-cut religious artefacts, so it doesn’t look like a home or a temple.”The discovery at La Almoloya shed new light on the politics and gender relations in one of the first urban societies of the West. Previous findings have revealed that women were considered adults at a much younger age than boys were. Excavated grave goods have highlighted that girls as young as six were buried with knives and tools, but boys would be in their teens by the time they would be buried alongside such objects.Additionally, the graves of some women from EI Argar were reopened generations later to bury other men and women, an unusual practice that experts believe would have been a very high honor. “What exactly their political power was, we don’t know,” Risch adds. “But this burial at La Almoloya questions the role of women in [Bronze Age] politics... it questions a lot of conventional wisdom.”43．The woman discovered at La Almoloya ________.A．proved to be a princess during the Bronze AgeB．was buried long after her husband’s deathC．lived in an ancient society called El ArgarD．was holding a silver diadem when unearthed44．The man in the grave was believed to be a warrior mainly because ________.A．he had gold plugs through his earlobes B．he was buried next to the woman C．he was buried with knives and tools D．he had injuries and scars on his bones 45．According to Risch, the ancient building seemed to ________.A．have been used for political meetings B．have served some religious purposes C．be the first temple built in Western Europe D．be specially dedicated to food trading 46．What can be inferred from the discovery at La Almoloya?A．Women were buried with more riches than men in the Bronze Age.B．The role of women in Bronze Age politics had been overestimated.C．Women may have been powerful rulers in the El Argar civilization.D．Women were considered adults at a much younger age than boys.五、六选四Quiet QuittingWhile not a new concept, the term “quiet quitting” has recently gained popularity on social media.What is quiet quitting?Quiet quitting doesn’t mean an employee has left their job, but rather has limited their tasks to avoid working longer hours. ____47____ They stick to what is in their job description and when they go home, they leave work behind them and focus on non-work duties and activities.____48____ It may also mean they are ready to change positions or may be currently looking for another job.Why are employees quiet quitting?Quiet quitting may be a popular term, but this practice isn’t new. Workers have quietly quit their jobs for years to look for something new, whether it was because of poor pay, unmanageable workload, burnout or lack of growth opportunities.Working from home has also changed the dynamics of the workplace because employees and managers are communicating in different ways through online meetings. These interactions may feel more formal than the chat sessions that happen in an office. Limited meetings can cause a disconnect between employees and management. ____49____How can businesses help employees?The biggest way to prevent disengagement is to improve the employee experience. Talk to employees, gather their feedback and discuss what can be done to make them feel appreciated. Make sure workloads are realistic and that there are appropriate boundaries to maintain a work-life balance. It’s important to check in with employees to make sure these boundaries are clear and help establish an open and honest relationship.Further, managers should clearly outline paths of career progression to each employee. ____50____ A recent report revealed that more than half of employees surveyed would accept 10% less pay in exchange for a “more interesting career path or more opportunities tolearn new skills”.A．Supporters argue that quiet quitting is a way to safeguard your mental health.B．They set clear boundaries to improve work-life balance.C．Regular support and praise that make employees feel valued and connected can get lost. D．Managers must learn how to have conversations to help employees reduce disengagement and burnout.E．However, quiet quitting could be a sign that an employee is not happy in their position. F．Employees are more likely to be engaged when they have specific targets.六、概要写作51．Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.Why Don’t We Use the Math We Learn in School?How much of the math you’ve learned in school is used in everyday life? For the majority of people, the answer is surprisingly little. Clearly, some people learn math very well and apply it in everyday problem-solving settings. The question is why most people don’t, in spite of spending many years practicing it.The first explanation blames the failure of education. One of the major barriers to using a skill in real life is automaticity. We tend to find the least-effort solution to our problem. If struggling through a math problem is hard for you, you’ll find a different way to solve it that doesn’t rely on math. The familiar model for teaching mathematics revolves around teachers telling students certain rules, applying those rules to examples and students then practicing problems similar to the examples seen in class. By teaching in this way, a lot of the work and deep thought that went into the creation of these mathematical rules is lost. In that sense, people were never taught math thoroughly enough to use it automatically in real life.The second explanation is a little different. It argues that people may develop competence in math classes, but they struggle to translate real-life problems into a format where they can use their mathematics knowledge. This seems most apparent in the case of applying algebra (代数). Students struggle with algebra, but they particularly struggle with word problems. Yet, the equivalent real-life problems are typically much harder than word problems. From this perspective, what people struggle with is not doing math, butrecognizing where and how to apply math to real problems.Educational researchers now emphasize the importance of transfer and deep understanding. They believe we need to give students more training in noticing and converting everyday situations into the math problems they know how to solve. By using real-life math applications, students can make connections between math and everyday life.___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ______七、汉译英（整句）52．这位诗人偏爱乡间那悠闲的生活节奏。
