dynamic structures for non-uniform adaptive filters

Geometric ModelingGeometric modeling is a crucial aspect of computer-aided design (CAD) and computer graphics. It involves the creation of digital representations of physical objects and environments using mathematical and computational techniques. This process is used in various industries, including engineering, architecture, animation, and video game development. Geometric modeling plays a significant role in the design and visualization of complex structures, products, and virtual worlds. In this article, we will explore the importance of geometric modeling, its applications, and the challenges associated with this field. One of the primary applications of geometric modeling is in the field of engineering and product design. Engineers use geometric modeling software to create 3D models of mechanical parts, components, and assemblies. These digital representations allow engineers to visualize and analyze the behavior of the designed objects under various conditions. Geometric modeling also facilitates the simulation of the manufacturing processes, such as machining and 3D printing, enabling engineers to optimize the design for production. Furthermore, geometric modeling plays acrucial role in finite element analysis (FEA) and computational fluid dynamics (CFD), allowing engineers to evaluate the structural integrity and performance of the designed components. In the architectural and construction industry, geometric modeling is utilized for creating detailed 3D models of buildings, infrastructure, and urban environments. Architects and urban planners use geometric modeling software to develop accurate representations of their designs, enabling them to assess the spatial relationships, aesthetics, and functional aspects of the proposed structures. Geometric modeling also supports the generation of construction drawings, renderings, and virtual walkthroughs, which are essential for communicating design concepts to clients and stakeholders. Additionally, geometric modeling facilitates the integration of building information modeling (BIM), enabling the coordination and collaboration of various disciplines involved in the construction process. Moreover, geometric modeling is fundamental in the field of computer graphics and animation. Artists and animators use geometric modeling tools to create virtual characters, environments, and special effects for films, video games, and simulations. By manipulating thevertices, edges, and faces of 3D models, artists can sculpt and refine the visual appearance of their creations. Geometric modeling also involves the application of texture mapping, shading, and lighting techniques to enhance the realism and aesthetic quality of the rendered images. Furthermore, geometric modeling supports the animation of characters and objects through rigging, skinning, and keyframe interpolation, enabling artists to bring their creations to life. Despite its numerous applications and benefits, geometric modeling presents several challenges and limitations. One of the primary challenges is the complexity of representing and manipulating geometric shapes with high precision and efficiency. As the demand for more intricate and detailed models increases, geometric modeling software must continually evolve to handle larger datasets and more sophisticated operations. Additionally, ensuring the accuracy and consistency of geometric models across different software platforms and file formats remains a challenge in the industry. Interoperability issues often arise when transferring geometric data between different CAD and visualization tools, leading to data loss and compatibility issues. Another challenge in geometric modeling is the representation of freeform and organic shapes. While traditional modeling techniques are suitable for creating geometric primitives and regular structures, they may not be well-suited for capturing the complexity of natural forms and artistic designs. To address this limitation, advanced geometric modeling methods, such as NURBS (non-uniform rational B-splines) and subdivision surfaces, have been developed to enable the creation of smooth and curvilinear shapes. These techniques provide artists and designers with greater flexibility and control over the form of their creations, allowing for more expressive and organic designs. Furthermore, the optimization of geometric models for real-time rendering and interactive applications poses a significant challenge in the field of computer graphics. As the demand for immersive virtual experiences and interactive simulations grows, geometric modeling techniques must be optimized to deliverhigh-performance visuals on a variety of computing platforms. This requires the development of efficient algorithms for level-of-detail (LOD) management, mesh simplification, and real-time tessellation, allowing for the dynamic adjustment of geometric complexity based on the viewing distance and hardware capabilities. Inconclusion, geometric modeling is a fundamental and versatile discipline that plays a crucial role in various industries, including engineering, architecture, and computer graphics. Its applications range from the design and analysis of mechanical components to the creation of virtual worlds and characters for entertainment and simulation. Despite its challenges, including the representation of complex shapes and the optimization for real-time rendering, geometric modeling continues to evolve with advancements in computational techniques and software development. As technology continues to progress, the future of geometric modeling holds promise for enabling more efficient and expressive digital representations of the physical world.。

对齐颗粒度的英文一、单词1. Alignment- 英语释义：The act of arranging things in a straight line or in correct relative positions.- 用法：可作名词，例如：The alignment of the text in this document needs to be adjusted.（这个文档中的文字对齐需要调整。

） - 双语例句：The alignment of the gears is crucial for the smooth running of the machine.（齿轮的对齐对机器的平稳运转至关重要。

）2. Aligned- 英语释义：In a straight line or in correct relative positions (adjective form of alignment).- 用法：作形容词，如：The aligned columns in the table look very neat.（表格中对齐的列看起来非常整洁。

）- 双语例句：The pictures on the wall are not properly aligned.（墙上的画没有正确对齐。

）二、短语1. Fine - grained alignment- 英语释义：Alignment with a small or detailed level of granularity.- 用法：常用来描述较为细致程度的对齐情况，例如：We need to achieve a fine - grained alignment in this data analysis.（在这个数据分析中我们需要实现细粒度的对齐。

）- 双语例句：Fine - grained alignment of pixels can improve the quality of the image.（像素的细粒度对齐可以提高图像质量。

英语作文工地施工Construction sites are bustling hubs of activity where the transformation of ideas into tangible structures takes place. These dynamic environments are the backbone of urban development, responsible for shaping the landscapes that we inhabit and the infrastructure that supports our daily lives. From the initial groundbreaking to the final touches, the construction process is a symphony of precision, coordination, and relentless hard work.At the heart of every construction site lies a diverse workforce composed of skilled tradespeople each contributing their unique expertise. Architects meticulously design the blueprints, engineers analyze the structural integrity, and project managers oversee the intricate coordination of tasks. Masons lay bricks with unwavering precision, carpenters construct the framing with practiced hands, and electricians carefully weave the intricate web of wiring that will power the building. Each individual plays a crucial role in bringing the vision to life.The sheer scale and complexity of construction projects can be awe-inspiring. Towering cranes lift heavy materials with effortless grace, while excavators carve out the foundations with brute force. The cacophony of power tools, the rumble of machinery, and the rhythmic clanging of metal on metal create a symphony of progress that echoes through the site. The air is thick with the scent of fresh concrete and the dust kicked up by relentless activity.Navigating a construction site requires a heightened sense of awareness and safety protocols. Hard hats, steel-toed boots, and high-visibility vests are the uniform of the day, as workers must be vigilant against the numerous hazards present. Falling objects, uneven terrain, and heavy machinery pose constant threats, and the team must work in perfect coordination to mitigate these risks.Despite the inherent challenges, the construction industry is a testament to human ingenuity and resilience. When faced with obstacles, workers adapt and innovate, finding creative solutions to overcome them. Whether it's devising a new method for lifting a heavy load or designing a specialized tool to streamline a task, the problem-solving skills of construction professionals are truly remarkable.Beyond the physical labor, construction sites also require a deep understanding of project management and logistics. Coordinating the delivery of materials, scheduling subcontractors, and ensuringthat each phase of the project is completed on time and within budget are all crucial elements that contribute to the success of a construction endeavor.The impact of construction projects extends far beyond the immediate site. The buildings, roads, and infrastructure that emerge from these hubs of activity shape the way we live, work, and interact with our surroundings. A well-designed and constructed hospital can improve the quality of healthcare, while a sturdy bridge can facilitate the flow of commerce and transportation. The ripple effects of construction projects are felt throughout the community, and the importance of this industry cannot be overstated.Despite the challenges and risks, the construction industry remains a vital and dynamic field that attracts individuals with a strong work ethic, problem-solving skills, and a passion for creating tangible change. From the groundbreaking to the final ribbon-cutting, the construction process is a testament to the human spirit – a testament to our ability to transform ideas into reality, to overcome obstacles, and to leave an indelible mark on the world around us.。

Winkler-Pasternak 弹性地基 FGM 梁自由振动二维弹性解蒲育;滕兆春【摘要】Based on the two-dimension theory of linear elasticity,the free vibration differential equations for FGM beams resting on Winkler-Pasternak elastic foundations were derived.The material properties were supposed to change continuously along the thickness of the beam according to the power law ing the differential quadrature method (DQM),the dimensionless natural frequencies of FGM beams under four different boundary conditions were investigated.The formulations were validated by comparing the results obtained with those available in the literature for homogeneous beams on Winkler-Pasternak elastic foundations.The influences of the boundary conditions,material graded index,length-to-thickness ratio and elastic coefficients of foundations on the non-dimensional frequency parameters of FGMbeams were discussed.%基于二维线弹性理论，建立 Winkler-Pasternak 弹性地基上功能梯度（Functionally Graded Material，FGM）梁自由振动控制微分方程。

OECD STANDARD CODESFOR THE OFFICIAL TESTING OF AGRICULTURAL AND FORESTRY TRACTORSGeneral TextsOrganisation for Economic Co-operation and DevelopmentPARIS – February 2010OECD TRACTOR CODES – February 2010TABLE OF CONTENTSPage GENERAL TEXTSForeword 3Decision of the Council 6Appendix 1 to the Decision — Introduction to the Codes 10Appendix 2 to the Decision — Procedure for the Extensionof the Codes to Non-Members of the OECD 12Appendix 3 to the Decision — Method of Operation 14Appendix 4 to the Decision — Quality Control Requirements 16Appendix 5 to the Decision — List of National Designated Authoritiesand Testing Stations 17OECD TRACTOR CODES – February 2010FOREWORD1. The first Standard Code for the Official Testing of Agricultural Tractors was approved on 21 April 1959, by the Council of the OEEC (Organisation for European Economic Co-operation) which became the OECD (Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development). This Code has since been extended to cover forestry tractors and other features of performance, safety and noise.The current OECD Codes for tractor testing relate to:•the performance of tractors (Code 2)*•the strength of protective structures for standard tractors (Dynamic Test) (Code 3) •the strength of protective structures for standard tractors (Static Test ) (Code 4) •noise measurement at the driver’s position(s) (Code 5)•the strength of the front-mounted roll-over protective structureson narrow-track wheeled agricultural and forestry tractors (Code 6) •the strength of the rear-mounted roll-over protective structureson narrow-track wheeled agricultural and forestry tractors (Code 7) •the strength of protective structures on tracklaying tractors (Code 8)•t he strength of protective structures for telehandlers (Code 9)•the strength of falling object protective structures for agricultural and forestry tractors (Code 10) 2. The present document cancels and replaces the previous editions. It includes Council Decisions C(2005)1, C(2006)88, C(2006)92, C(2006)149, C(2007)2, C(2007)89, C(2007)127, C(2008)120 and C(2008)128 as implemented and constitutes its published version.3. More than 2 750 tractor models have received performance test approval since the Codes were established in 1959. Furthermore, more than 10 800 variants of tractors were tested for noise measurement at the driving position, or in most cases, for the driver’s protection in case of tractor roll-over; having satisfied the safety criteria of the Codes they have been released for trading nationally or internationally by the participating countries, notably Member States of the European Union.* The former Code 1 was repealed.OECD TRACTOR CODES – February 20104. The approval by OECD of national tractor test reports is granted in co-operation with a Co-ordinating Centre for OECD tests selected through a call for tender.5. The importance of the Codes has continued in spite of the profound restructuring which has affected the agricultural machinery industry. Governments have shown interest to deregulate industrial policies and businesses wish to introduce quality assurance methods of the ISO 9000 type. This has demonstrated the significance of the Codes: the principle "one tractor-–one description–one test" is more than a set of regulatory measures, it is a means to simplify existing international trade procedures, to establish specifications and basic performance criteria and to ensure a minimum of quality for the traded material. The Codes bring transparency thereby contributing to increase the extent of the agricultural machinery market.present,29 countries, i.e. 25 of the 30 OECD Members and 4countries which are not 6. Atmembers of the OECD adhere to the Codes, which are open to the Member States of the United Nations Organization:−As for Members, these include Iceland, Japan, the Republic of Korea, Norway, Switzerland, Turkey, the United States, and 18 of the 27 states of the European Union (Five OECD members do not participate in the Codes, i.e., Australia, Canada, Hungary, Mexico and New Zealand);−As for non-Members, these are China, India, the Russian Federation and Serbia.7. Numerous other countries use the Codes entirely or partially for national testing, call for tender or regulation concerning imports. Private businesses also use the Codes within the framework of international operations and refer to them in their marketing activities. Agricultural advisory services refer to the Codes when searching for tractor type and power most suitable for diverse agricultural operations and structures. Farm media use them for comparative tests. In a nutshell, farmers and other users of the Codes draw from them increased safety, technical reliability and market confidence. Certain tests are equally useful in the implementation of national legislation regarding environmental protection.8. Frequent discussions between the Designated Authorities at Annual Meetings ensure a progressive harmonisation of such different approaches as exist in the European Union or North America or Asia. The OECD Codes refer to ISO standards as much as possible. Compared to the ISO, the OECD applies a centralised approval method for tests, which lends them international official standing. The ISO standardises certain aspects of manufacturing, measurement and testing of tractors in a partial and piecemeal manner, without there existing an international approval mechanism which allows to authenticate tractor description or performance and, therefore, not permitting comparison.9. The OECD is not competent for direct type approval or commercialisation of tractors, even though in many countries the OECD safety testing procedures serve to either admit or reject the protective structures. These Codes offer, therefore, a clear possibility to harmonise approval procedures regarding true performance, occupational safety and environmental impacts.OECD TRACTOR CODES – February 2010 10. A particular feature of the OECD Codes is that every other year a Test Engineers’ Conference is organised at the invitation of a participating country. These meetings of national engineers in charge of testing took place at:•AFRC, 1981, in Silsoe, United Kingdom;•DLG, 1983, in Gross-Umstadt, Germany;•Cemagref, 1985, in Antony, France;•SMP, 1987, in Alnarp, Sweden;•BLT, 1989, in Wieselburg, Austria;•University of Nebraska, 1991, in Lincoln, United States;•FAT, 1993, in Tänikon, Switzerland;•IMA, CNR, 1995, in Turin, Italy;•IAM-BRAIN, 1997, in Omiya, Japan;•SZZPLS, 1999, in Prague, Czech Republic;•MTT, 2001, in Vakola, Finland;•EMA, 2003, in Madrid, Spain;•CAMTC, 2005, Beijing, and COTTEC, Luoyang, China;•TAMTEST, 2007, in Ankara and Istanbul, Turkey;•RDA, 2009, in Suwon, South Korea.These conferences permit a correct and coherent interpretation of testing procedures and prepare their updating. They facilitate the verification of test reports carried out by the Co-ordinating Centre, which liaises between the national Testing Stations and the OECD for technical matters.11. The Codes may well provide indirectly free valuable information and even test methods to countries not participating in them; however, full benefits are not separable from true participation of a country in the Codes both officially and practically. All governments willing to create a business environment conducive to openness to international trade and companies with the intent of reducing regulatory costs have a joint interest in adhering formally to the Codes. Participation also allows one to influence rule setting.No test without formal participation should be traced to or identified with OECD in view of the uncertainties attached to the particularity of national methods and interpretations and the lack of reference to a central test clearance system.12. The full text of the OECD Tractor Codes (English and French) as well as summaries of test reports approved according to Code 2 are available on line at the following address:/tad/tractorOECD TRACTOR CODES – February 2010DECISION OF THE COUNCILREVISING THE OECD STANDARD CODESFOR THE OFFICIAL TESTING OF AGRICULTURAL AND FORESTRY TRACTORSTHECOUNCIL,Having regard to Article 5 a) and c) of the Convention on the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development of 14 December 1960;Having regard to the Decision of the Council of 19 April 2000 [C(2000)59/FINAL], amended on 13 February 2001 [C(2001)5/FINAL], 17 December 2001 [C(2001)267/FINAL], 25 February 2002 [C(2002)17/FINAL], 26 February 2003 [C(2003)14/FINAL], on 22 January 2004 [C(2003)252/FINAL], on 22 September 2006 [C(2006)88], on 7 July 2006 [C(2006)92], on 29 November 2006 [C(2006)149], on 7 February 2007 [C(2007)2], on 7 June 2007 [C(2007)89], on 29 November 2007 [C(2007)127], on 23 July 2008 [C(2008)120] and on 16 October 2008 [C(2008)128].On the proposal of the Committee for Agriculture;I. DECIDES:1. The OECD Standard Codes for the Official Testing of Agricultural and Forestry Tractors (hereinafter called the “OECD Tractor Codes”) shall be operated in accordance with the provisions of this Decision, and on the basis of the Rules and Directions set out in the Codes 2 to 10) thereto:Code 2: OECD Standard Code for the Official Testing of Agricultural and Forestry TractorPerformance;Code 3:OECD Standard Code for the Official Testing of Protective Structures onAgricultural and Forestry Tractors (Dynamic Test);Code 4:OECD Standard Code for the Official Testing of Protective Structures onAgricultural and Forestry Tractors (Static Test);Code 5:OECD Standard Code for the Official Measurement of Noise at the DrivingPosition(s) of Agricultural and Forestry Tractors;Code 6:OECD Standard Code for the Official Testing of Front-mounted ProtectiveStructures on Narrow-track Wheeled Agricultural and Forestry Tractors;Code 7:OECD Standard Code for the Official Testing of Rear-mounted ProtectiveStructures on Narrow-track Wheeled Agricultural and Forestry Tractors;Code 8:OECD Standard Code for the Official Testing of Protective Structures onAgricultural and Forestry Tracklaying Tractors.OECD TRACTOR CODES – February 2010 Code 9:OECD Standard Code for the Official Testing of Protective Structures forTelehandlers (Testing of Falling-Object and Roll-Over Protective Structures fitted to self-propelled variable reach all-terrain trucks for agricultural use);Code 10: OECD Standard Code for the Official Testing of Falling Object ProtectiveStructures on Agricultural and Forestry Tractors;2. The OECD Tractor Codes shall be:a) open to all Member Countries of the Organisation as well as to other States being Membercountries of the United Nations Organization or its Specialised Agencies desiring toparticipate therein in accordance with the Procedure set out in Appendix 2 to the Decision;b) implemented by the Authorities designated for that purpose by, the governments of the Statesparticipating in the Codes (hereinafter “Participating Country”). These Authorities areresponsible to their government of the operation of the Codes.3. If a Member country does not wish to apply one or more Codes or does not recognise them for imported tractors, it shall notify the Secretary-General of its decision, who will inform the other participating countries.4. The official authorities referred to in paragraph 2(b) above are responsible for using the Codes and, as the case may be, carrying out the tests and issuing the test reports. The National Designated Authority shall certify that the OECD Codes were followed in each test and that the corresponding test report complies with their requirements. The test report shall be verified by the OECD Secretariat prior to its release.5. A participating State desiring to lodge a complaint concerning non-execution of the aforementioned obligation may bring the matter before the OECD. The complaint shall be examined by the Committee for Agriculture which shall report to the Council.6. Expenditures required for the functioning of the OECD Tractor Codes shall be defrayed from appropriations under Part II of the Budget of the Organisation. Each country participating in the Codes agrees to the payment to the OECD of an annual contribution which is the sum of the following two elements:− a basic fee of € 3 000 (Euros);−an additional fee applied to each participating country (OECD Members and non-members) calculated according to the criteria set out in the Resolution of the Council C(63)155(Final)as amended,as they may be modified from time to time.The Secretariat should report any defaulting of payment to the Advisory Group for the Codes which shall take all appropriate measures, including the review of the status of the participating country.A participating country shall fall into arrears on 1 January of the year following the year of the call for the payment of the annual contribution (basic fee and additional fee) if this contribution remain fully or partly unpaid at that date. In this first year of arrears no documentation shall be sent to the country. In the second year of arrears, test reports sent by the country shall no longer be eligible for approval. In the third year of arrears, the defaulting country shall be notified of a proposal to exclude it from Participation in theOECD TRACTOR CODES – February 2010Tractor Codes. The decision of exclusion shall be adopted by the Council, on the proposal of the Annual Meeting of the National Designated Authorities and of the Committee for Agriculture, unless the Council decides by consensus not to adopt the decision. The decision of exclusion shall be notified to the country.Settlement by the country in arrears of the debt in the first or the second year shall reverse all the measures previously taken. Settlement of the debt in the third year and reversal of all the measures previously taken shall be subject to a decision by the Annual Meeting of the National Designated Authorities based on the results of an evaluation mission at the expense of the country in arrears, in accordance with the conditions for the admission procedure for a new country provided for in Appendix II to the Decision. Participants and observers to the OECD Tractor Codes shall be notified of all developments associated with the application of this procedure.The present procedure shall apply to arrears of the contributions due for 2006 and the successive years. Arrears of contributions due for one or more years before 2006 shall be subject to a separate settlement with the Organization.Before engaging any sanction action, the Secretariat shall inform the National Designated Authorities of arrear problems.7. The following international organisations may be represented by an observer at the meetings of Representatives of National Authorities:−the European Free Trade Association (EFTA);−the European Committee for Standardization (CEN);−the European Committee of Manufacturers of Agricultural Machinery (CEMA);−the Economic Commission for Europe of the United Nations (UN/ECE);−the International Commission of Agricultural Engineering (CIGR);−the European Confederation of Agriculture (CEA);−the International Federation of Agricultural Producers (IFAP);−the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO);−the International Organization for Standardization (ISO);−the European Commission (EC).Special status applicable to European Commission (CEC)In accordance with the provisions of Article 13 of the Convention and Supplementary Protocol No. 1 to the Convention, the Commission of the European Communities takes part in the work of the Organisation actively and not as a mere observer. It has a permanent delegation headed by an ambassador who participates in the meetings of the Council of OECD. In several cases, the Commission contributes as such to the budgets for certain activities or, through grants, to the financing of them.In general, the Commission takes part in the preparation of studies and reports and of draft Acts of the Council. It may propose amendments to these texts. Not being a Member of the Organisation it does not, however, participate in decision-making, either in Committees or in the Council.8. Other international organisations involved in agricultural mechanisation may be represented by an observer at the meetings of Representatives of National Authorities, in accordance with the rules of the Organisation.OECD TRACTOR CODES – February 2010 II.INSTRUCTS the Committee for Agriculture to report to the Council, when it considers it appropriate, on the operation of the OECD Tractor Codes, and to submit to the Council, where necessary, proposals for modifying those Codes.III. The present decision replaces the Decision of the Council C(2000)59/FINAL and it amendments which are hereby repealed.IV. Appendices I, II, III, IV and V to the Decision and the Codes are as follows:OECD TRACTOR CODES – February 2010APPENDIX 1 TO THE DECISIONINTRODUCTION TO THE CODES1. There is a considerable amount of international trade of agricultural tractors. The purpose of these international Codes is to facilitate trade by enabling either an exporting or an importing country to accept with confidence the results of tests carried out in another country.2. The Standard Code for the Official Testing of Agricultural Tractors was established by the Decision of the Council of the Organisation for European Economic Co-operation (OEEC) of 21st April 1959 [C(59)76(Final)].3. This Code remained in force pursuant to the Decision of the Council of the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) of 30th September 1961 [OECD/C(61)5], and it was made public pursuant to a Resolution of the Council of 3rd May 1962.4. A revised text was established by the Decision of the Council on 25th January 1966 [C(65)137(Final)] and amended by the addition of an optional test for protective structures by the Decision of the Council of 24th January 1967 [C(66)135(Final)]. Further minor amendments were made to these two Decisions, which were repealed and replaced by the Decision of the Council of 11th February 1970 [C(70)9(Final)].5. This Decision was also repealed and replaced by the Decision of the Council of 9th October 1973 [C(73)199], amended notably by the addition of a static test for protective structures, on 29 July 1983 [C(83)83(Final)], and a restricted performance code, on 28 December 1984 [C(84)163(Final)].6. The 1973 Decision was again repealed and replaced by the Decision of the Council of 24th November 1987 [C(87)53(Final)] which introduced a Code for measuring the noise level inside the protective structure.7. The Decision of 18 July 1990 [C(90)79(Final)] introduced two Codes for the testing of structures mounted on narrow-track wheeled tractors. The Decision of 27 November 1992 [C(92)173/FINAL] introduced a Code for testing of structures mounted on tracklaying tractors.8. The 1987 Decision was repealed and replaced by the Decision of the Council of 19 April 2000 [C(2000)59/FINAL].9. Since then, it has been amended by the following Decisions:C(2001)5/FINAL dated 13 February 2001C(2001)267/FINAL dated 17 December 2001C(2002)17/FINAL dated 25 February 2002C(2003)14/FINAL dated 26 February 2003C(2003)252/FINAL dated 22 January 2004C(2005)1 dated 29 March 2005C(2006)88 dated 22 September 2006C(2006)92 dated 7 July 2007C(2006)149 dated 29 November 2006C(2007)2 dated 7 February 2007C(2007)89 dated 7 June 2007C(2007)127 dated 29 November 2007C(2008)120 dated 23 July 2008C(2008)128 dated 16 October 200810. The present Codes repeal all previous Decisions and come into force with the present Decision of the Council.11. Tests carried out under the OECD Tractor Codes are given official approval provided that the OECD Secretariat is satisfied that the test was carried out in accordance with the procedures laid down in the Code applied. In the case of tests on protective structures, in addition, there are pass/fail criteria which stipulate certain minimum performance levels for the structure tested. Other performance tests carried out under internationally recognised procedures may be reported if the procedures are available in published form and in an official language to the OECD Secretariat such that results will be clearly marked as not submitted for OECD approval.12. In order that full benefits, in terms of simplification of the work and reduction in costs, may be derived from these internationally accepted Codes, it is desirable that tests under the Codes be carried out in the tractor’s country of origin. This may not always be possible or convenient, for instance, if the producing country does not participate in the OECD Codes. In these cases, the importing country may wish to carry out the tests. For tests under Code 2, verification is made with the OECD to ensure that no other country has carried out the relevant tractor tests, hence avoiding unnecessary duplication of effort and cost.13. Stations can make whatever tests they wish, but only one OECD approval number will be issued for a given tractor or for a tractor-protective structure combination, unless modification to the tested models make it necessary to retest them within the limits specified in each Code, at that time a new OECD test report is then issued.14. Protective structures may be tested according to the dynamic method, the static method or both. Modifications will be handled in the same way as for tractors.15. Approval can be extended for modified tractors or tractor variants within the limitations of each Code. The extension may only be requested by the testing station where the original test has been carried out. Tractors which need approval by extension may give rise to the publication of a test report or an extension report, provided that reference to the originating tractor be visible in the test or extension report and that the modifications of the specifications and results, when relevant, be clearly identified. In this case, the reports will receive the same approval number, complemented by an appropriate numerical designation.16. The relevance of certain evaluation criteria not included in the OECD Tractor Codes, such as performance on agricultural soil, cannot be questioned. However, these criteria are not quantifiable enough to permit comparable tests between countries. As frequent as such tests may be in some stations they shall form no part of the OECD test reports.APPENDIX 2 TO THE DECISIONPROCEDURE FOR THE EXTENSION OF THE CODESTO NON-MEMBERS OF THE OECD1. Countries which are not Members of the OECD but which are Members of the United Nations Organization or its Specialised Agencies may submit a written application to the Secretary-General of the OECD if they wish to join the Codes.If the country intends to carry out tractor testing according to the Codes, the application shall provide detailed information that shall include in particular:a) A detailed description of any systems of tractor testing already in existence and the legalbasis upon which they rest;b) A list of tractors that have been tested in the course of the previous 5 years together with, ifpossible, copies of any test reports that may have been issued;c) Details of national production and trade of agricultural tractors, if any;d) Indications as to the availability of qualified testing staff;e) A detailed list of testing equipment available, together with technical specifications of suchequipment. This list should show the equipment available to complete each compulsory testunder at least one of the OECD Tractor Codes and also the equipment that is available tocomplete any optional tests which may, at any time, be carried out. The applicant countrymust undertake to update this list at regular intervals by providing information concerningnewly acquired testing equipment. The presentation outlined in the Quality Manual amendedto the Codes shall be followed. The list will be provided in English or French, both being theofficial languages of the Organisation.If the applicant country does not intend to carry out OECD tractor testing, a copy of the national regulations concerning domestic requirements applicable to tractors in use shall be sent to the OECD. The required information may be provided in the language of the applicant country. If this is a language other than English or French, a concise version in English or French will be attached.2. The application and documentation will be acknowledged by the OECD Secretariat which will visit the applicant country with a representative of a national Designated Authority and possibly the national Institute under contract with OECD acting as Co-ordinating Centre for the tests (hereafter called the “Co-ordinating Centre”).The purpose of the visit will be:a) to obtain information about legislative regulations concerning tractors including typeapproval, use and international trade;b) to explain the technical and administrative implications of the rules of the Codes as well astheir organisation and co-ordination on an international level;c) to ascertain that adequate technical and administrative facilities are available for the operationof the Codes if the country intends to carry out tests.The financing of the mission will be the responsibility of the applicant country.3.Upon admission to the Codes of a country intending to start testing, and in case it did not participate in the mission provided in paragraph 2 above, the Co-ordinating Centre may be invited to visit the testing station(s) in order to assist in setting up the testing site and to report drafting procedures in accordance with the Codes.4. The applicant country is authorised, before admission to the Codes, to attend the Annual Meetings of Representatives of the National Designated Authorities as an observer. The applicant country agrees that, upon admission, its representatives will attend the annual meeting. The applicant country agrees that its representatives attending the Annual Meetings will be persons directly responsible for the implementation of the Codes.5. The applicant country shall agree to accept the necessary minimum supervision by the OECD, which is essential if the Codes are to maintain their standards. If, in the course of implementation of the Codes by the applicant country, it is considered necessary, the Organisation may be required to send a person or persons responsible for Codes application in that country to a selected OECD country for a period of further instruction and/or to accept further periodical visits from engineers selected by the OECD for that purpose. The timing, duration and financing of such missions will be decided by the OECD in consultation with the Authorities of the applicant country.6. Provided the OECD is satisfied with the results of the review specified in paragraph 2, the Committee for Agriculture of the OECD will be asked to recommend that the Council should admit the applicant country to the Codes.7. Following the approval by the Council, the Secretary-General of the OECD will notify the applicant country that the application has been approved. The National Designated Authorities in all countries participating in the Codes will also be informed of the acceptance of the country concerned.APPENDIX 3 TO THE DECISIONMETHOD OF OPERATION1. The names and addresses of the national Authorities designated for operating the Codes and any changes in their designation will be circulated by the OECD to all countries participating in the Codes and to all observers.2. The operation and development of the Codes shall be reviewed at the Annual Meeting of representatives of the Designated Authorities where Participating Member and non member Countries hold office strictly in alphabetic order. This Annual Meeting shall report on its work and make such proposals as deemed necessary to the Council of the OECD, subject to prior endorsement by the Committee for Agriculture.3. The Officers of the Annual Meeting will be a Chairman, two Vice-Chairmen, who will be nominated at the end of the previous session. They shall take up their duties upon official approval of the Summary Record from the previous Annual Meeting.4. In order to ensure continuity and efficient co-operation with the Secretariat, except as otherwise provided in the Rules of Procedure of the Organisation, it is desirable that a Chairman-Designate be appointed to fill one of the offices of Vice-Chairman together with the Past-Chairman. Their terms should not exceed two years. The chairmanship should reflect the participation of various regions of the world and alternate between representatives of European Union Member States and other countries.5. The chairmanship shall be carried out in one of the two official languages of the Organisation, even if interpretation in a third language is available at the meetings.6. The co-ordination of Codes implementation on an international level shall be ensured by the OECD. However, the verification of individual test reports submitted by the participating Members as well as the related tasks may be delegated, by contract, to a national institute of a Member Country which will act as Co-ordinating Centre for the OECD Tests. The costs incurred shall be recovered under the annual contract between the OECD Secretariat and this Institute.7. An Advisory Group is made up of the Officers of the Annual Meeting, and the Co-ordinating Centre. The Advisory Group shall assist in the preparation of the next Annual Meeting and, where necessary, propose solutions to the Secretariat to deal with urgent problems which may arise out of Codes implementation. The Advisory Group is convened by the Secretariat at the request of any one of its Members or any country participating in the Codes to provide counsel in writing and invite one or more participating countries to be represented.。

2009and2010Papers:Big-4Security ConferencespvoOctober13,2010NDSS20091.Document Structure Integrity:A Robust Basis for Cross-site Scripting Defense.Y.Nadji,P.Saxena,D.Song2.An Efficient Black-box Technique for Defeating Web Application Attacks.R.Sekar3.Noncespaces:Using Randomization to Enforce Information Flow Tracking and Thwart Cross-Site Scripting Attacks.M.Van Gundy,H.Chen4.The Blind Stone Tablet:Outsourcing Durability to Untrusted Parties.P.Williams,R.Sion,D.Shasha5.Two-Party Computation Model for Privacy-Preserving Queries over Distributed Databases.S.S.M.Chow,J.-H.Lee,L.Subramanian6.SybilInfer:Detecting Sybil Nodes using Social Networks.G.Danezis,P.Mittal7.Spectrogram:A Mixture-of-Markov-Chains Model for Anomaly Detection in Web Traffic.Yingbo Song,Angelos D.Keromytis,Salvatore J.Stolfo8.Detecting Forged TCP Reset Packets.Nicholas Weaver,Robin Sommer,Vern Paxson9.Coordinated Scan Detection.Carrie Gates10.RB-Seeker:Auto-detection of Redirection Botnets.Xin Hu,Matthew Knysz,Kang G.Shin11.Scalable,Behavior-Based Malware Clustering.Ulrich Bayer,Paolo Milani Comparetti,Clemens Hlauschek,Christopher Kruegel,Engin Kirda12.K-Tracer:A System for Extracting Kernel Malware Behavior.Andrea Lanzi,Monirul I.Sharif,Wenke Lee13.RAINBOW:A Robust And Invisible Non-Blind Watermark for Network Flows.Amir Houmansadr,Negar Kiyavash,Nikita Borisov14.Traffic Morphing:An Efficient Defense Against Statistical Traffic Analysis.Charles V.Wright,Scott E.Coull,Fabian Monrose15.Recursive DNS Architectures and Vulnerability Implications.David Dagon,Manos Antonakakis,Kevin Day,Xiapu Luo,Christopher P.Lee,Wenke Lee16.Analyzing and Comparing the Protection Quality of Security Enhanced Operating Systems.Hong Chen,Ninghui Li,Ziqing Mao17.IntScope:Automatically Detecting Integer Overflow Vulnerability in X86Binary Using Symbolic Execution.Tielei Wang,Tao Wei,Zhiqiang Lin,Wei Zou18.Safe Passage for Passwords and Other Sensitive Data.Jonathan M.McCune,Adrian Perrig,Michael K.Reiter19.Conditioned-safe Ceremonies and a User Study of an Application to Web Authentication.Chris Karlof,J.Doug Tygar,David Wagner20.CSAR:A Practical and Provable Technique to Make Randomized Systems Accountable.Michael Backes,Peter Druschel,Andreas Haeberlen,Dominique UnruhOakland20091.Wirelessly Pickpocketing a Mifare Classic Card.(Best Practical Paper Award)Flavio D.Garcia,Peter van Rossum,Roel Verdult,Ronny Wichers Schreur2.Plaintext Recovery Attacks Against SSH.Martin R.Albrecht,Kenneth G.Paterson,Gaven J.Watson3.Exploiting Unix File-System Races via Algorithmic Complexity Attacks.Xiang Cai,Yuwei Gui,Rob Johnson4.Practical Mitigations for Timing-Based Side-Channel Attacks on Modern x86Processors.Bart Coppens,Ingrid Verbauwhede,Bjorn De Sutter,Koen De Bosschere5.Non-Interference for a Practical DIFC-Based Operating System.Maxwell Krohn,Eran Tromer6.Native Client:A Sandbox for Portable,Untrusted x86Native Code.(Best Paper Award)B.Yee,D.Sehr,G.Dardyk,B.Chen,R.Muth,T.Ormandy,S.Okasaka,N.Narula,N.Fullagar7.Automatic Reverse Engineering of Malware Emulators.(Best Student Paper Award)Monirul Sharif,Andrea Lanzi,Jonathon Giffin,Wenke Lee8.Prospex:Protocol Specification Extraction.Paolo Milani Comparetti,Gilbert Wondracek,Christopher Kruegel,Engin Kirda9.Quantifying Information Leaks in Outbound Web Traffic.Kevin Borders,Atul Prakash10.Automatic Discovery and Quantification of Information Leaks.Michael Backes,Boris Kopf,Andrey Rybalchenko11.CLAMP:Practical Prevention of Large-Scale Data Leaks.Bryan Parno,Jonathan M.McCune,Dan Wendlandt,David G.Andersen,Adrian Perrig12.De-anonymizing Social Networks.Arvind Narayanan,Vitaly Shmatikov13.Privacy Weaknesses in Biometric Sketches.Koen Simoens,Pim Tuyls,Bart Preneel14.The Mastermind Attack on Genomic Data.Michael T.Goodrich15.A Logic of Secure Systems and its Application to Trusted Computing.Anupam Datta,Jason Franklin,Deepak Garg,Dilsun Kaynar16.Formally Certifying the Security of Digital Signature Schemes.Santiago Zanella-Beguelin,Gilles Barthe,Benjamin Gregoire,Federico Olmedo17.An Epistemic Approach to Coercion-Resistance for Electronic Voting Protocols.Ralf Kuesters,Tomasz Truderung18.Sphinx:A Compact and Provably Secure Mix Format.George Danezis,Ian Goldberg19.DSybil:Optimal Sybil-Resistance for Recommendation Systems.Haifeng Yu,Chenwei Shi,Michael Kaminsky,Phillip B.Gibbons,Feng Xiao20.Fingerprinting Blank Paper Using Commodity Scanners.William Clarkson,Tim Weyrich,Adam Finkelstein,Nadia Heninger,Alex Halderman,Ed Felten 21.Tempest in a Teapot:Compromising Reflections Revisited.Michael Backes,Tongbo Chen,Markus Duermuth,Hendrik P.A.Lensch,Martin Welk22.Blueprint:Robust Prevention of Cross-site Scripting Attacks for Existing Browsers.Mike Ter Louw,V.N.Venkatakrishnan23.Pretty-Bad-Proxy:An Overlooked Adversary in Browsers’HTTPS Deployments.Shuo Chen,Ziqing Mao,Yi-Min Wang,Ming Zhang24.Secure Content Sniffing for Web Browsers,or How to Stop Papers from Reviewing Themselves.Adam Barth,Juan Caballero,Dawn Song25.It’s No Secret:Measuring the Security and Reliability of Authentication via’Secret’Questions.Stuart Schechter,A.J.Bernheim Brush,Serge Egelman26.Password Cracking Using Probabilistic Context-Free Grammars.Matt Weir,Sudhir Aggarwal,Bill Glodek,Breno de MedeirosUSENIX Security2009promising Electromagnetic Emanations of Wired and Wireless Keyboards.(Outstanding Student Paper)Martin Vuagnoux,Sylvain Pasini2.Peeping Tom in the Neighborhood:Keystroke Eavesdropping on Multi-User Systems.Kehuan Zhang,XiaoFeng Wang3.A Practical Congestion Attack on Tor Using Long Paths,Nathan S.Evans,Roger Dingledine,Christian Grothoff4.Baggy Bounds Checking:An Efficient and Backwards-Compatible Defense against Out-of-Bounds Errors.Periklis Akritidis,Manuel Costa,Miguel Castro,Steven Hand5.Dynamic Test Generation to Find Integer Bugs in x86Binary Linux Programs.David Molnar,Xue Cong Li,David A.Wagner6.NOZZLE:A Defense Against Heap-spraying Code Injection Attacks.Paruj Ratanaworabhan,Benjamin Livshits,Benjamin Zorn7.Detecting Spammers with SNARE:Spatio-temporal Network-level Automatic Reputation Engine.Shuang Hao,Nadeem Ahmed Syed,Nick Feamster,Alexander G.Gray,Sven Krasser8.Improving Tor using a TCP-over-DTLS Tunnel.Joel Reardon,Ian Goldberg9.Locating Prefix Hijackers using LOCK.Tongqing Qiu,Lusheng Ji,Dan Pei,Jia Wang,Jun(Jim)Xu,Hitesh Ballani10.GATEKEEPER:Mostly Static Enforcement of Security and Reliability Policies for JavaScript Code.Salvatore Guarnieri,Benjamin Livshits11.Cross-Origin JavaScript Capability Leaks:Detection,Exploitation,and Defense.Adam Barth,Joel Weinberger,Dawn Song12.Memory Safety for Low-Level Software/Hardware Interactions.John Criswell,Nicolas Geoffray,Vikram Adve13.Physical-layer Identification of RFID Devices.Boris Danev,Thomas S.Heydt-Benjamin,Srdjan CapkunCP:Secure Remote Storage for Computational RFIDs.Mastooreh Salajegheh,Shane Clark,Benjamin Ransford,Kevin Fu,Ari Juels15.Jamming-resistant Broadcast Communication without Shared Keys.Christina Popper,Mario Strasser,Srdjan Capkun16.xBook:Redesigning Privacy Control in Social Networking Platforms.Kapil Singh,Sumeer Bhola,Wenke Lee17.Nemesis:Preventing Authentication and Access Control Vulnerabilities in Web Applications.Michael Dalton,Christos Kozyrakis,Nickolai Zeldovich18.Static Enforcement of Web Application Integrity Through Strong Typing.William Robertson,Giovanni Vigna19.Vanish:Increasing Data Privacy with Self-Destructing Data.(Outstanding Student Paper)Roxana Geambasu,Tadayoshi Kohno,Amit A.Levy,Henry M.Levy20.Efficient Data Structures for Tamper-Evident Logging.Scott A.Crosby,Dan S.Wallach21.VPriv:Protecting Privacy in Location-Based Vehicular Services.Raluca Ada Popa,Hari Balakrishnan,Andrew J.Blumberg22.Effective and Efficient Malware Detection at the End Host.Clemens Kolbitsch,Paolo Milani Comparetti,Christopher Kruegel,Engin Kirda,Xiaoyong Zhou,XiaoFeng Wang 23.Protecting Confidential Data on Personal Computers with Storage Capsules.Kevin Borders,Eric Vander Weele,Billy Lau,Atul Prakash24.Return-Oriented Rootkits:Bypassing Kernel Code Integrity Protection Mechanisms.Ralf Hund,Thorsten Holz,Felix C.Freiling25.Crying Wolf:An Empirical Study of SSL Warning Effectiveness.Joshua Sunshine,Serge Egelman,Hazim Almuhimedi,Neha Atri,Lorrie Faith Cranor26.The Multi-Principal OS Construction of the Gazelle Web Browser.Helen J.Wang,Chris Grier,Alex Moshchuk,Samuel T.King,Piali Choudhury,Herman VenterACM CCS20091.Attacking cryptographic schemes based on”perturbation polynomials”.Martin Albrecht,Craig Gentry,Shai Halevi,Jonathan Katz2.Filter-resistant code injection on ARM.Yves Younan,Pieter Philippaerts,Frank Piessens,Wouter Joosen,Sven Lachmund,Thomas Walter3.False data injection attacks against state estimation in electric power grids.Yao Liu,Michael K.Reiter,Peng Ning4.EPC RFID tag security weaknesses and defenses:passport cards,enhanced drivers licenses,and beyond.Karl Koscher,Ari Juels,Vjekoslav Brajkovic,Tadayoshi Kohno5.An efficient forward private RFID protocol.Come Berbain,Olivier Billet,Jonathan Etrog,Henri Gilbert6.RFID privacy:relation between two notions,minimal condition,and efficient construction.Changshe Ma,Yingjiu Li,Robert H.Deng,Tieyan Li7.CoSP:a general framework for computational soundness proofs.Michael Backes,Dennis Hofheinz,Dominique Unruh8.Reactive noninterference.Aaron Bohannon,Benjamin C.Pierce,Vilhelm Sjoberg,Stephanie Weirich,Steve Zdancewicputational soundness for key exchange protocols with symmetric encryption.Ralf Kusters,Max Tuengerthal10.A probabilistic approach to hybrid role mining.Mario Frank,Andreas P.Streich,David A.Basin,Joachim M.Buhmann11.Efficient pseudorandom functions from the decisional linear assumption and weaker variants.Allison B.Lewko,Brent Waters12.Improving privacy and security in multi-authority attribute-based encryption.Melissa Chase,Sherman S.M.Chow13.Oblivious transfer with access control.Jan Camenisch,Maria Dubovitskaya,Gregory Neven14.NISAN:network information service for anonymization networks.Andriy Panchenko,Stefan Richter,Arne Rache15.Certificateless onion routing.Dario Catalano,Dario Fiore,Rosario Gennaro16.ShadowWalker:peer-to-peer anonymous communication using redundant structured topologies.Prateek Mittal,Nikita Borisov17.Ripley:automatically securing web2.0applications through replicated execution.K.Vikram,Abhishek Prateek,V.Benjamin Livshits18.HAIL:a high-availability and integrity layer for cloud storage.Kevin D.Bowers,Ari Juels,Alina Oprea19.Hey,you,get offof my cloud:exploring information leakage in third-party compute clouds.Thomas Ristenpart,Eran Tromer,Hovav Shacham,Stefan Savage20.Dynamic provable data possession.C.Christopher Erway,Alptekin Kupcu,Charalampos Papamanthou,Roberto Tamassia21.On cellular botnets:measuring the impact of malicious devices on a cellular network core.Patrick Traynor,Michael Lin,Machigar Ongtang,Vikhyath Rao,Trent Jaeger,Patrick Drew McDaniel,Thomas Porta 22.On lightweight mobile phone application certification.William Enck,Machigar Ongtang,Patrick Drew McDaniel23.SMILE:encounter-based trust for mobile social services.Justin Manweiler,Ryan Scudellari,Landon P.Cox24.Battle of Botcraft:fighting bots in online games with human observational proofs.Steven Gianvecchio,Zhenyu Wu,Mengjun Xie,Haining Wang25.Fides:remote anomaly-based cheat detection using client emulation.Edward C.Kaiser,Wu-chang Feng,Travis Schluessler26.Behavior based software theft detection.Xinran Wang,Yoon-chan Jhi,Sencun Zhu,Peng Liu27.The fable of the bees:incentivizing robust revocation decision making in ad hoc networks.Steffen Reidt,Mudhakar Srivatsa,Shane Balfe28.Effective implementation of the cell broadband engineTM isolation loader.Masana Murase,Kanna Shimizu,Wilfred Plouffe,Masaharu Sakamoto29.On achieving good operating points on an ROC plane using stochastic anomaly score prediction.Muhammad Qasim Ali,Hassan Khan,Ali Sajjad,Syed Ali Khayam30.On non-cooperative location privacy:a game-theoretic analysis.Julien Freudiger,Mohammad Hossein Manshaei,Jean-Pierre Hubaux,David C.Parkes31.Privacy-preserving genomic computation through program specialization.Rui Wang,XiaoFeng Wang,Zhou Li,Haixu Tang,Michael K.Reiter,Zheng Dong32.Feeling-based location privacy protection for location-based services.Toby Xu,Ying Cai33.Multi-party off-the-record messaging.Ian Goldberg,Berkant Ustaoglu,Matthew Van Gundy,Hao Chen34.The bayesian traffic analysis of mix networks.Carmela Troncoso,George Danezis35.As-awareness in Tor path selection.Matthew Edman,Paul F.Syverson36.Membership-concealing overlay networks.Eugene Y.Vasserman,Rob Jansen,James Tyra,Nicholas Hopper,Yongdae Kim37.On the difficulty of software-based attestation of embedded devices.Claude Castelluccia,Aurelien Francillon,Daniele Perito,Claudio Soriente38.Proximity-based access control for implantable medical devices.Kasper Bonne Rasmussen,Claude Castelluccia,Thomas S.Heydt-Benjamin,Srdjan Capkun39.XCS:cross channel scripting and its impact on web applications.Hristo Bojinov,Elie Bursztein,Dan Boneh40.A security-preserving compiler for distributed programs:from information-flow policies to cryptographic mechanisms.Cedric Fournet,Gurvan Le Guernic,Tamara Rezk41.Finding bugs in exceptional situations of JNI programs.Siliang Li,Gang Tan42.Secure open source collaboration:an empirical study of Linus’law.Andrew Meneely,Laurie A.Williams43.On voting machine design for verification and testability.Cynthia Sturton,Susmit Jha,Sanjit A.Seshia,David Wagner44.Secure in-VM monitoring using hardware virtualization.Monirul I.Sharif,Wenke Lee,Weidong Cui,Andrea Lanzi45.A metadata calculus for secure information sharing.Mudhakar Srivatsa,Dakshi Agrawal,Steffen Reidt46.Multiple password interference in text passwords and click-based graphical passwords.Sonia Chiasson,Alain Forget,Elizabeth Stobert,Paul C.van Oorschot,Robert Biddle47.Can they hear me now?:a security analysis of law enforcement wiretaps.Micah Sherr,Gaurav Shah,Eric Cronin,Sandy Clark,Matt Blaze48.English shellcode.Joshua Mason,Sam Small,Fabian Monrose,Greg MacManus49.Learning your identity and disease from research papers:information leaks in genome wide association study.Rui Wang,Yong Fuga Li,XiaoFeng Wang,Haixu Tang,Xiao-yong Zhou50.Countering kernel rootkits with lightweight hook protection.Zhi Wang,Xuxian Jiang,Weidong Cui,Peng Ning51.Mapping kernel objects to enable systematic integrity checking.Martim Carbone,Weidong Cui,Long Lu,Wenke Lee,Marcus Peinado,Xuxian Jiang52.Robust signatures for kernel data structures.Brendan Dolan-Gavitt,Abhinav Srivastava,Patrick Traynor,Jonathon T.Giffin53.A new cell counter based attack against tor.Zhen Ling,Junzhou Luo,Wei Yu,Xinwen Fu,Dong Xuan,Weijia Jia54.Scalable onion routing with torsk.Jon McLachlan,Andrew Tran,Nicholas Hopper,Yongdae Kim55.Anonymous credentials on a standard java card.Patrik Bichsel,Jan Camenisch,Thomas Gros,Victor Shouprge-scale malware indexing using function-call graphs.Xin Hu,Tzi-cker Chiueh,Kang G.Shin57.Dispatcher:enabling active botnet infiltration using automatic protocol reverse-engineering.Juan Caballero,Pongsin Poosankam,Christian Kreibich,Dawn Xiaodong Song58.Your botnet is my botnet:analysis of a botnet takeover.Brett Stone-Gross,Marco Cova,Lorenzo Cavallaro,Bob Gilbert,MartinSzydlowski,Richard A.Kemmerer,Christopher Kruegel,Giovanni VignaNDSS20101.Server-side Verification of Client Behavior in Online Games.Darrell Bethea,Robert Cochran and Michael Reiter2.Defeating Vanish with Low-Cost Sybil Attacks Against Large DHTs.S.Wolchok,O.S.Hofmann,N.Heninger,E.W.Felten,J.A.Halderman,C.J.Rossbach,B.Waters,E.Witchel3.Stealth DoS Attacks on Secure Channels.Amir Herzberg and Haya Shulman4.Protecting Browsers from Extension Vulnerabilities.Adam Barth,Adrienne Porter Felt,Prateek Saxena,and Aaron Boodman5.Adnostic:Privacy Preserving Targeted Advertising.Vincent Toubiana,Arvind Narayanan,Dan Boneh,Helen Nissenbaum and Solon Barocas6.FLAX:Systematic Discovery of Client-side Validation Vulnerabilities in Rich Web Applications.Prateek Saxena,Steve Hanna,Pongsin Poosankam and Dawn Song7.Effective Anomaly Detection with Scarce Training Data.William Robertson,Federico Maggi,Christopher Kruegel and Giovanni Vignarge-Scale Automatic Classification of Phishing Pages.Colin Whittaker,Brian Ryner and Marria Nazif9.A Systematic Characterization of IM Threats using Honeypots.Iasonas Polakis,Thanasis Petsas,Evangelos P.Markatos and Spiros Antonatos10.On Network-level Clusters for Spam Detection.Zhiyun Qian,Zhuoqing Mao,Yinglian Xie and Fang Yu11.Improving Spam Blacklisting Through Dynamic Thresholding and Speculative Aggregation.Sushant Sinha,Michael Bailey and Farnam Jahanian12.Botnet Judo:Fighting Spam with Itself.A.Pitsillidis,K.Levchenko,C.Kreibich,C.Kanich,G.M.Voelker,V.Paxson,N.Weaver,S.Savage13.Contractual Anonymity.Edward J.Schwartz,David Brumley and Jonathan M.McCune14.A3:An Extensible Platform for Application-Aware Anonymity.Micah Sherr,Andrew Mao,William R.Marczak,Wenchao Zhou,Boon Thau Loo,and Matt Blaze15.When Good Randomness Goes Bad:Virtual Machine Reset Vulnerabilities and Hedging Deployed Cryptography.Thomas Ristenpart and Scott Yilek16.InvisiType:Object-Oriented Security Policies.Jiwon Seo and Monica m17.A Security Evaluation of DNSSEC with NSEC3.Jason Bau and John Mitchell18.On the Safety of Enterprise Policy Deployment.Yudong Gao,Ni Pan,Xu Chen and Z.Morley Mao19.Where Do You Want to Go Today?Escalating Privileges by Pathname Manipulation.Suresh Chari,Shai Halevi and Wietse Venema20.Joe-E:A Security-Oriented Subset of Java.Adrian Mettler,David Wagner and Tyler Close21.Preventing Capability Leaks in Secure JavaScript Subsets.Matthew Finifter,Joel Weinberger and Adam Barth22.Binary Code Extraction and Interface Identification for Security Applications.Juan Caballero,Noah M.Johnson,Stephen McCamant,and Dawn Song23.Automatic Reverse Engineering of Data Structures from Binary Execution.Zhiqiang Lin,Xiangyu Zhang and Dongyan Xu24.Efficient Detection of Split Personalities in Malware.Davide Balzarotti,Marco Cova,Christoph Karlberger,Engin Kirda,Christopher Kruegel and Giovanni VignaOakland20101.Inspector Gadget:Automated Extraction of Proprietary Gadgets from Malware Binaries.Clemens Kolbitsch Thorsten Holz,Christopher Kruegel,Engin Kirda2.Synthesizing Near-Optimal Malware Specifications from Suspicious Behaviors.Matt Fredrikson,Mihai Christodorescu,Somesh Jha,Reiner Sailer,Xifeng Yan3.Identifying Dormant Functionality in Malware Programs.Paolo Milani Comparetti,Guido Salvaneschi,Clemens Kolbitsch,Engin Kirda,Christopher Kruegel,Stefano Zanero4.Reconciling Belief and Vulnerability in Information Flow.Sardaouna Hamadou,Vladimiro Sassone,Palamidessi5.Towards Static Flow-Based Declassification for Legacy and Untrusted Programs.Bruno P.S.Rocha,Sruthi Bandhakavi,Jerry I.den Hartog,William H.Winsborough,Sandro Etalle6.Non-Interference Through Secure Multi-Execution.Dominique Devriese,Frank Piessens7.Object Capabilities and Isolation of Untrusted Web Applications.Sergio Maffeis,John C.Mitchell,Ankur Taly8.TrustVisor:Efficient TCB Reduction and Attestation.Jonathan McCune,Yanlin Li,Ning Qu,Zongwei Zhou,Anupam Datta,Virgil Gligor,Adrian Perrig9.Overcoming an Untrusted Computing Base:Detecting and Removing Malicious Hardware Automatically.Matthew Hicks,Murph Finnicum,Samuel T.King,Milo M.K.Martin,Jonathan M.Smith10.Tamper Evident Microprocessors.Adam Waksman,Simha Sethumadhavan11.Side-Channel Leaks in Web Applications:a Reality Today,a Challenge Tomorrow.Shuo Chen,Rui Wang,XiaoFeng Wang Kehuan Zhang12.Investigation of Triangular Spamming:a Stealthy and Efficient Spamming Technique.Zhiyun Qian,Z.Morley Mao,Yinglian Xie,Fang Yu13.A Practical Attack to De-Anonymize Social Network Users.Gilbert Wondracek,Thorsten Holz,Engin Kirda,Christopher Kruegel14.SCiFI-A System for Secure Face Identification.(Best Paper)Margarita Osadchy,Benny Pinkas,Ayman Jarrous,Boaz Moskovich15.Round-Efficient Broadcast Authentication Protocols for Fixed Topology Classes.Haowen Chan,Adrian Perrig16.Revocation Systems with Very Small Private Keys.Allison Lewko,Amit Sahai,Brent Waters17.Authenticating Primary Users’Signals in Cognitive Radio Networks via Integrated Cryptographic and Wireless Link Signatures.Yao Liu,Peng Ning,Huaiyu Dai18.Outside the Closed World:On Using Machine Learning For Network Intrusion Detection.Robin Sommer,Vern Paxson19.All You Ever Wanted to Know about Dynamic Taint Analysis and Forward Symbolic Execution(but might have been afraid to ask).Thanassis Avgerinos,Edward Schwartz,David Brumley20.State of the Art:Automated Black-Box Web Application Vulnerability Testing.Jason Bau,Elie Bursztein,Divij Gupta,John Mitchell21.A Proof-Carrying File System.Deepak Garg,Frank Pfenning22.Scalable Parametric Verification of Secure Systems:How to Verify Ref.Monitors without Worrying about Data Structure Size.Jason Franklin,Sagar Chaki,Anupam Datta,Arvind Seshadri23.HyperSafe:A Lightweight Approach to Provide Lifetime Hypervisor Control-Flow Integrity.Zhi Wang,Xuxian Jiang24.How Good are Humans at Solving CAPTCHAs?A Large Scale Evaluation.Elie Bursztein,Steven Bethard,John C.Mitchell,Dan Jurafsky,Celine Fabry25.Bootstrapping Trust in Commodity Computers.Bryan Parno,Jonathan M.McCune,Adrian Perrig26.Chip and PIN is Broken.(Best Practical Paper)Steven J.Murdoch,Saar Drimer,Ross Anderson,Mike Bond27.Experimental Security Analysis of a Modern Automobile.K.Koscher,A.Czeskis,F.Roesner,S.Patel,T.Kohno,S.Checkoway,D.McCoy,B.Kantor,D.Anderson,H.Shacham,S.Savage 28.On the Incoherencies in Web Browser Access Control Policies.Kapil Singh,Alexander Moshchuk,Helen J.Wang,Wenke Lee29.ConScript:Specifying and Enforcing Fine-Grained Security Policies for JavaScript in the Browser.Leo Meyerovich,Benjamin Livshits30.TaintScope:A Checksum-Aware Directed Fuzzing Tool for Automatic Software Vulnerability Detection.(Best Student Paper)Tielei Wang,Tao Wei,Guofei Gu,Wei Zou31.A Symbolic Execution Framework for JavaScript.Prateek Saxena,Devdatta Akhawe,Steve Hanna,Stephen McCamant,Dawn Song,Feng MaoUSENIX Security20101.Adapting Software Fault Isolation to Contemporary CPU Architectures.David Sehr,Robert Muth,CliffBiffle,Victor Khimenko,Egor Pasko,Karl Schimpf,Bennet Yee,Brad Chen2.Making Linux Protection Mechanisms Egalitarian with UserFS.Taesoo Kim and Nickolai Zeldovich3.Capsicum:Practical Capabilities for UNIX.(Best Student Paper)Robert N.M.Watson,Jonathan Anderson,Ben Laurie,Kris Kennaway4.Structuring Protocol Implementations to Protect Sensitive Data.Petr Marchenko,Brad Karp5.PrETP:Privacy-Preserving Electronic Toll Pricing.Josep Balasch,Alfredo Rial,Carmela Troncoso,Bart Preneel,Ingrid Verbauwhede,Christophe Geuens6.An Analysis of Private Browsing Modes in Modern Browsers.Gaurav Aggarwal,Elie Bursztein,Collin Jackson,Dan Boneh7.BotGrep:Finding P2P Bots with Structured Graph Analysis.Shishir Nagaraja,Prateek Mittal,Chi-Yao Hong,Matthew Caesar,Nikita Borisov8.Fast Regular Expression Matching Using Small TCAMs for Network Intrusion Detection and Prevention Systems.Chad R.Meiners,Jignesh Patel,Eric Norige,Eric Torng,Alex X.Liu9.Searching the Searchers with SearchAudit.John P.John,Fang Yu,Yinglian Xie,Martin Abadi,Arvind Krishnamurthy10.Toward Automated Detection of Logic Vulnerabilities in Web Applications.Viktoria Felmetsger,Ludovico Cavedon,Christopher Kruegel,Giovanni Vigna11.Baaz:A System for Detecting Access Control Misconfigurations.Tathagata Das,Ranjita Bhagwan,Prasad Naldurg12.Cling:A Memory Allocator to Mitigate Dangling Pointers.Periklis Akritidis13.ZKPDL:A Language-Based System for Efficient Zero-Knowledge Proofs and Electronic Cash.Sarah Meiklejohn,C.Chris Erway,Alptekin Kupcu,Theodora Hinkle,Anna Lysyanskaya14.P4P:Practical Large-Scale Privacy-Preserving Distributed Computation Robust against Malicious Users.Yitao Duan,John Canny,Justin Zhan,15.SEPIA:Privacy-Preserving Aggregation of Multi-Domain Network Events and Statistics.Martin Burkhart,Mario Strasser,Dilip Many,Xenofontas Dimitropoulos16.Dude,Where’s That IP?Circumventing Measurement-based IP Geolocation.Phillipa Gill,Yashar Ganjali,Bernard Wong,David Lie17.Idle Port Scanning and Non-interference Analysis of Network Protocol Stacks Using Model Checking.Roya Ensafi,Jong Chun Park,Deepak Kapur,Jedidiah R.Crandall18.Building a Dynamic Reputation System for DNS.Manos Antonakakis,Roberto Perdisci,David Dagon,Wenke Lee,Nick Feamster19.Scantegrity II Municipal Election at Takoma Park:The First E2E Binding Governmental Election with Ballot Privacy.R.Carback,D.Chaum,J.Clark,J.Conway,A.Essex,P.S.Herrnson,T.Mayberry,S.Popoveniuc,R.L.Rivest,E.Shen,A.T.Sherman,P.L.Vora20.Acoustic Side-Channel Attacks on Printers.Michael Backes,Markus Durmuth,Sebastian Gerling,Manfred Pinkal,Caroline Sporleder21.Security and Privacy Vulnerabilities of In-Car Wireless Networks:A Tire Pressure Monitoring System Case Study.Ishtiaq Rouf,Rob Miller,Hossen Mustafa,Travis Taylor,Sangho Oh,Wenyuan Xu,Marco Gruteser,Wade Trappe,Ivan Seskar 22.VEX:Vetting Browser Extensions for Security Vulnerabilities.(Best Paper)Sruthi Bandhakavi,Samuel T.King,P.Madhusudan,Marianne Winslett23.Securing Script-Based Extensibility in Web Browsers.Vladan Djeric,Ashvin Goel24.AdJail:Practical Enforcement of Confidentiality and Integrity Policies on Web Advertisements.Mike Ter Louw,Karthik Thotta Ganesh,V.N.Venkatakrishnan25.Realization of RF Distance Bounding.Kasper Bonne Rasmussen,Srdjan Capkun26.The Case for Ubiquitous Transport-Level Encryption.Andrea Bittau,Michael Hamburg,Mark Handley,David Mazieres,Dan Boneh27.Automatic Generation of Remediation Procedures for Malware Infections.Roberto Paleari,Lorenzo Martignoni,Emanuele Passerini,Drew Davidson,Matt Fredrikson,Jon Giffin,Somesh Jha28.Re:CAPTCHAs-Understanding CAPTCHA-Solving Services in an Economic Context.Marti Motoyama,Kirill Levchenko,Chris Kanich,Damon McCoy,Geoffrey M.Voelker,Stefan Savage29.Chipping Away at Censorship Firewalls with User-Generated Content.Sam Burnett,Nick Feamster,Santosh Vempala30.Fighting Coercion Attacks in Key Generation using Skin Conductance.Payas Gupta,Debin GaoACM CCS20101.Security Analysis of India’s Electronic Voting Machines.Scott Wolchok,Erik Wustrow,J.Alex Halderman,Hari Prasad,Rop Gonggrijp2.Dissecting One Click Frauds.Nicolas Christin,Sally S.Yanagihara,Keisuke Kamataki3.@spam:The Underground on140Characters or Less.Chris Grier,Kurt Thomas,Vern Paxson,Michael Zhang4.HyperSentry:Enabling Stealthy In-context Measurement of Hypervisor Integrity.Ahmed M.Azab,Peng Ning,Zhi Wang,Xuxian Jiang,Xiaolan Zhang,Nathan C.Skalsky5.Trail of Bytes:Efficient Support for Forensic Analysis.Srinivas Krishnan,Kevin Z.Snow,Fabian Monrose6.Survivable Key Compromise in Software Update Systems.Justin Samuel,Nick Mathewson,Justin Cappos,Roger Dingledine7.A Methodology for Empirical Analysis of the Permission-Based Security Models and its Application to Android.David Barrera,H.Gunes Kayacik,Paul C.van Oorschot,Anil Somayaji8.Mobile Location Tracking in Metropolitan Areas:malnets and others.Nathanial Husted,Steve Myers9.On Pairing Constrained Wireless Devices Based on Secrecy of Auxiliary Channels:The Case of Acoustic Eavesdropping.Tzipora Halevi,Nitesh Saxena10.PinDr0p:Using Single-Ended Audio Features to Determine Call Provenance.Vijay A.Balasubramaniyan,Aamir Poonawalla,Mustaque Ahamad,Michael T.Hunter,Patrick Traynor11.Building Efficient Fully Collusion-Resilient Traitor Tracing and Revocation Schemes.Sanjam Garg,Abishek Kumarasubramanian,Amit Sahai,Brent Waters12.Algebraic Pseudorandom Functions with Improved Efficiency from the Augmented Cascade.Dan Boneh,Hart Montgomery,Ananth Raghunathan13.Practical Leakage-Resilient Pseudorandom Generators.Yu Yu,Francois-Xavier Standaert,Olivier Pereira,Moti Yung14.Practical Leakage-Resilient Identity-Based Encryption from Simple Assumptions.Sherman S.M.Chow,Yevgeniy Dodis,Yannis Rouselakis,Brent Waters15.Testing Metrics for Password Creation Policies by Attacking Large Sets of Revealed Passwords.Matt Weir,Sudhir Aggarwal,Michael Collins,Henry Stern16.The Security of Modern Password Expiration:An Algorithmic Framework and Empirical Analysis.Yinqian Zhang,Fabian Monrose,Michael K.Reiter17.Attacks and Design of Image Recognition CAPTCHAs.Bin Zhu,JeffYan,Chao Yang,Qiujie Li,Jiu Liu,Ning Xu,Meng Yi18.Robusta:Taming the Native Beast of the JVM.Joseph Siefers,Gang Tan,Greg Morrisett19.Retaining Sandbox Containment Despite Bugs in Privileged Memory-Safe Code.Justin Cappos,Armon Dadgar,JeffRasley,Justin Samuel,Ivan Beschastnikh,Cosmin Barsan,Arvind Krishnamurthy,Thomas Anderson20.A Control Point for Reducing Root Abuse of File-System Privileges.Glenn Wurster,Paul C.van Oorschot21.Modeling Attacks on Physical Unclonable Functions.Ulrich Ruehrmair,Frank Sehnke,Jan Soelter,Gideon Dror,Srinivas Devadas,Juergen Schmidhuber22.Dismantling SecureMemory,CryptoMemory and CryptoRF.Flavio D.Garcia,Peter van Rossum,Roel Verdult,Ronny Wichers Schreur23.Attacking and Fixing PKCS#11Security Tokens.Matteo Bortolozzo,Matteo Centenaro,Riccardo Focardi,Graham Steel24.An Empirical Study of Privacy-Violating Information Flows in JavaScript Web Applications.Dongseok Jang,Ranjit Jhala,Sorin Lerner,Hovav Shacham25.DIFC Programs by Automatic Instrumentation.William Harris,Somesh Jha,Thomas Reps26.Predictive Black-box Mitigation of Timing Channels.Aslan Askarov,Danfeng Zhang,Andrew Myers27.In Search of an Anonymous and Secure Lookup:Attacks on Structured Peer-to-peer Anonymous Communication Systems.Qiyan Wang,Prateek Mittal,Nikita Borisov28.Recruiting New Tor Relays with BRAIDS.Rob Jansen,Nicholas Hopper,Yongdae Kim29.An Improved Algorithm for Tor Circuit Scheduling.Can Tang,Ian Goldberg30.Dissent:Accountable Anonymous Group Messaging.Henry Corrigan-Gibbs,Bryan Ford31.Abstraction by Set-Membership—Verifying Security Protocols and Web Services with Databases.Sebastian Moedersheim。