1.The Voice - Thomas Hardy biography 2011

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英国文学家哈代Hardy的个人简介

2.1 Nostalgic touch for declining
rural life.
Living at the turn of the century, Hardy is often regarded as a transitional writer. In him we see the influence from both the Victorian and the modern. As some people put it, he is intellectually advanced and emotionally traditional.
The points of views
1. Nostalgic touch for declining rural life.
2. Attitude toward science and contemporary philosophy
3. His combined force of "nature" --view of Fatalism
Biography (Lifemas Hardy was born in Dorsetshire, Southwest of England, the area that later became the famous "Wessex" in many of his novels.
Thomas Hardy (1840~1928)
Procedures
• 1. A brief introduction to the biography. • 2. The points of views. • 3. Artistic features of his works. • 4. The Main points of the selected works. • 5.Relevent exercise. • Major works

英国文学-Robert-Burns-罗伯特伯恩斯作者及作品介绍

Canada
• Scottish Canadians have embraced Robert Burns as a kind of patron poet and mark his birthday with festivities.
• 'Robbie Burns Day' is celebrated from Newfoundland and Labrador to Nanaimo.
July 21, 1796
• Arduous farm work and undernourishment in his youth
• the rheumatic heart disease
风湿性心脏病
• at the age of 37
2
Writings
Poems Chiefly in the Scottish Dialect 苏格兰方言诗集
• Simon Fraser University's Centre for Scottish Studies organized a marathon reading of Burns' poetry.
• 'Gung Haggis Fat Choy' is a hybrid of Chinese New Year and Robbie Burns Day, celebrated in Vancouver since the late 1990s
during his life and after his death, dismissing his education by calling him a "heaven-taught ploughman". • Influenced later Scottish writers. Esp. Hugh MacDiarmid, who fought to dismantle what he felt had become a sentimental cult that dominated Scottish literature.

名著英译名称

名著英译名称名著英译名称《红楼梦》 A Dream of Red Mansions《⽔浒传》Outlaws of the Marsh《三国演义》The Romance of the Three Kingdoms 《西游记》Journey to the West 《儒林外史》The Scholars《聊斋志异》Strange T ales From a Lonely Studio 《西厢记》The West Chamber 《醒世恒⾔》Stories to A waken Men《喻世明⾔》Stories to Enlighten Men《警世通⾔》Stories to Warn Men《官场现形记》Exposure of the Official World《本草纲⽬》Outline of Hurb Medicine《史记》Historial Records《资治通鉴》History as a Mirror《⼭海经》The Classic of Mountains and Rivers 《论语》The Analects of Confucius 《⼤学》The Great Learning《中庸》The Doctrine of the Mean《孟⼦》The Mencius《诗经》The Book of Odes《世说新语》Essays and Criticism《封神演义》The Legend of delification《春秋》Spring and Autumn Annals《梁祝》The Butterfly Lovers《⽩蛇传》Madam White Snake《⾦瓶梅》The Golden Lotus《围城》 A Surrouded City《雷⾬》Thunderstorm《阿q正传》The True Story of Ah Q外国名著名称翻译1. The Red and The Black (by Stendhal) 红与⿊2. Jane Eyre (by Charlotte Bronte) 简爱3. How to make steel (by Nicola Ostrovsky) 钢铁是怎样炼成的4. Three Days to See (by Helen Keller) 假如给我三天光明5. Pride and Prejudice (by Jane Austen) 傲慢与偏见6. Wuthering Heights (by Emily Bronte) 呼啸⼭庄7. The Hunckback of Notre Dame (by Victor Hugo) 巴黎圣母院8. The Miserable World (by Victor Hugo) 悲惨世界9. Uncle Tom's Cabin (by H. Beecher Stowe) 汤姆叔叔的⼩屋10. The Diary of Anne Frank (by Anne Frank) 安妮⽇记11. Robinson Crusoe (by Daniel Defoe) 鲁滨逊漂流记12. Gulliver's Travels (by Jonathan Swift) 格利佛游记13. The Adventures of Alice in Wonderland (by Lewis Carrol) 艾丽斯漫游记14. Monte Cristo (by Alexandre Dumas) 基督⼭伯爵15. Gone with the Wind (by Margaret Mitchell) 飘16. Pygmalion (by Bernald Shaw) 茶花⼥17. The Case-Book of Sherlock Holmes (by Conan Doyle) 福尔摩斯探案全集18. The merchant of Venice (by Shakespeare) 威尼斯商⼈19. Celebrity biography (by Romain Rolland ) 名⼈传20. The Records about Insects (by Jean-Henri Casimir Fabre)昆⾍记21. Tales from the Arabian Nights (adapted by Michael West)天⽅夜谭22. Anderson's Fairy Tales安徒⽣童话集23. Grimm's Fairy Tales格林童话集24. Aesop's Fables 伊索寓⾔25. The Adventures of Huckleberry Fin (by Mark Twain) 哈克贝⾥芬历险记26. The Adventures of Tom Sawyer (by Mark Twain) 汤姆.索亚历险记27. The Old Man and The Sea (by Ernest Hemingway) ⽼⼈与海28. The Metamorphosis (by Franz Kafka) 变形记29. Treasure Island (by R. L. Steveson) ⾦银岛30. Oliver Twist (by Charles Dickens) 雾都孤⼉31. Sense and Sensibility (by Jane Austen) 理智与情感32. The Scarlet Letter (by Nathaniel Hawthorne) 红字33. Anna Karenina (by Leo Tolstoy) 安娜·卡列尼娜34. War and Peace (by Leo Tolstoy) 战争与和平35. Resurrection(by Leo Tolstoy) 复活36. A Tale of Two Cities (by Charles Dickens) 双城记37. The Thorn Birds (by Colleen Mccullough) 荆棘鸟38. The God Father (by Mario Puzo) 教⽗39. The Great Gatsby (by F. Scott Fitzgerald) 了不起的盖茨⽐40. Around the World in Eighty Days (by Jules Verne) 环绕世界⼋⼗天41. Hatter's Castle (by A. J. Cronin) 帽商的城堡42. The Gadfly (by E. L. Voynich) ⽜虻43. The Life of Abraham Lincoln (by Stegan Lorant) 林肯传44. The Story of Madame Curie ( by Alice Thorne) 居⾥夫⼈传45. Stories from Shakespeare (adapted by H. G. Wyatt) 莎⼠⽐亚戏剧故事集46. Les Confessions (by Rousseau) 忏悔录47. Carmen (by Merimee) 卡门48. Twenty Thousand Leagues Under the sea (by Jules Verne) 海底两万⾥49. Old Goriot (by Honoré de Balzac) ⾼⽼头50. Eugénie Grandet (by Honoré de Balzac) 欧也妮·葛朗台51. The call of the Wild (by Jack London) 野性的呼唤52. Great Expectations (by Charles Dickens) 远⼤前程53. David Copperfield (by Charles Dickens) ⼤卫·科波菲尔54. Little Woman (by Louisa May Alcott) ⼩妇⼈55. Walden (by Henry David Thoreau) ⽡尔登湖56. The short stories of Ohenry (by William Sydney Porter) 欧亨利短篇⼩说集57. Frankenstein (by Mary Shelley) 弗兰肯斯坦58. Woman in White (by Wilkie Collins) ⽩⾐⼥⼈59. Childhood/My Apprenticeship/My Universities (by Maksim Gorky)童年/在⼈间/我的⼤学60. One hundred years of solitude (by Garcia Marcos) 百年孤独61. Dead Souls (by Nikolai Vasilevich Gogol) 死魂灵62. Emma (by Jane Austen) 爱玛63. Joan of Arc (by George Bernard Shaw) 圣⼥贞德64. The Short Stories of Allan Poe（by Allan Poe）爱伦坡短篇⼩说集65. Mansfield Park (by Jane Austen) 曼斯菲尔德庄园66. Fathers and Sons (by Turgenev) ⽗与⼦67. The Sorrows of Young Werther (by Goethe) 少年维特之烦恼68. Faust (by Goethe) 浮⼠德69. Turandot (by Puccini Giacomao) 图兰朵70. If Tomorrow comes (by Sidney Sheldon) 假如明天来临71. The other side of midnight (by Sidney Sheldon) 午夜的另⼀⾯72. Rage of angels (by Sidney Sheldon) 愤怒的天使73. The Three Musketeers (by Alexandre Dumas) 三个⽕枪⼿74. Sister Carrie (by Theodore Dreiser) 嘉丽妹妹75. The story of the Bible (by Hendrik Willem van Loon) 圣经的故事76. Divine Comedy (by Dante Alighieri) 神曲77. Vanity Fair (by W. M. Thackeray) 名利场78. The American Tragedy (by Theodore Dreiser) 美国的悲剧79. The Decameron (by Giovanni Boccaccio) ⼗⽇谈80. Red Star over China (by Edgar Snow) 西⾏漫记81. Selected Readings from D. H. Lawrence 劳伦斯作品选读82. Sons and Lovers (by D. H. Lawrence) ⼉⼦和情⼈83. King Solomon's Mines (by H.Rider Haggard) 所罗门王的宝藏84. The Mill on the Floss (by George Eliot) 弗洛斯河上的磨坊85. The Prince and the Pauper (by Mark Twain) 王⼦和贫⼉86. The Scapegoat (by Daphne Du Maurier) 替罪⽺87. Far from the Madding Crowd (by Thomas Hardy) 远离尘嚣88. Frenchman's Creek (by Charles Dickens) 法国⼈的⼩港湾89. Wives and Daughters (by Elizabeth Gaskell) 妻⼦与⼥⼉90. Jaws (by Peter Benchley) ⼤⽩鲨91. The Final Diagnosis (by Arthur Hailey) 最后的诊断92. An Invisible Man (by H. G. Wells) 隐⾝⼈93. The Ragged Trousered Philanthropists (by Robert Tressell) 穿破裤⼦的慈善家94. The Rise and Fall of the Third Reich (by William L. Shirer) 第三帝国的兴亡95. Winds of War (by Herman Woul) 战争风云96. Grapes of Wrath (by J. Steinbeck) 愤怒的葡萄97. The Moneychangers (by Arthur Hailey) 钱商98. The Return to the Native (by Thomas Hardy) 还乡99. Frontiers of Science 科学的新领域100. Thirty-nine Steps (by John Buchan) 三⼗九级台阶101. Compell's Kingdom (by Hammond Innes) 坎伯尔王国102. Tom Brown's Schooldays (by Thomas Hughes) 汤姆·布朗的求学时代103. The Sign of Indra 印达拉神像。

GRE阅读题目解析：英国文学传记

GRE阅读题目解析:英国文学传记GRE考试考什么?GRE阅读是重点。

店铺为大家带来GRE阅读题目解析:英国文学传记，希望对大家GRE备考有所帮助。

GRE阅读题目解析:英国文学传记P45The editors of the essay collection Romantic biography tell us repeatedly that biography is an invention of the Romantic period in British literature (late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries), yet we are never shown that process of invention motion. Hazlitt, the most prominent example of the Romantic biographer, is almost invisible. The Romantic period was not just the period in which biography was invented---or, rather, the period in which some of its informing principles were invented, since biography could just as easily be said to have originated in the scandalous memoirs that formed part of the pre-Romantic culture of the novel. It was also the period in which biography, through its sheer ubiquity, became an object of major ideological significance within British culture.1. The passage mentions the "scandalous memoirs ” that were written prior to the Romantic period primarily in order toA. indicate an alternative account of the origins of biographyB. compare these memoirs to Romantic biographyC. explain how biography became ubiquitous in British cultureD question the ideological significance accorded to biographyE. suggest that biographies were not as popular as memoirs2. According to the passage, biography attained great significance within British culture during the Romantic periodbecause biographiesA. were associated with scandalB. were easy to read and comprehendC. were so widespread in Britain at the timeD. challenged conventional British ideologiesE. contributed to the development of the novelGRE阅读词汇精选之颜色chromatic adj.彩色的，五彩的prismy adj 色彩缤纷的drab adj.枯黄色的，无聊的emerald n.祖母绿,翡翠adj.翠绿色的livid adj.青灰色的(撞伤)，· (脸色)苍白的magenta n.adj.紫红色(的染料)pallid adj.苍白的，· 没血色的florid adj.华丽的，· (脸)红润的rubicund adj.(脸色)红润的ruddy adj.(脸色)红润的，· 红色sable n.黑貂，· adj.黑色的sallow n.柳树，· adj.病黄色的sapphire n.青玉，· 蓝宝石，· adj.天蓝色的.azure adj. 天蓝色的n.碧空buff n 浅黄色(软皮革)，· 水牛lavender n. 薰衣草adj. 淡紫色的mulberry n. 桑树，· 深紫红色cardinal n.枢机主教,鲜红色 a. 主要的,深红色的saffron a. 番红花色的,橘黄色patina n.绿锈，· 光亮的外表turquoise n.绿松石，· adj.碧绿的verdant adj.青葱的，· 翠绿的verdigris n.铜锈，· 铜绿hue n.色彩，· 色泽pastel n.彩色粉笔画，· 柔和的色彩pigment n.天然色素，· 干粉颜料tint n.色彩,浅色v. 染色于palette n.调色板alabaster a.雪白的GRE阅读词汇精选之哄,欺骗blandishments n.甘言劝诱coax v.哄诱，巧言诱哄jolly v.敦促，哄beguile v.欺骗，诱骗beguiling adj.欺骗的，迷人的cajole v.(以甜言蜜语)哄骗charlatan n.江湖郎中，骗子chicanery n.欺诈，欺骗deceit n.欺骗，欺诈delude v.欺骗，哄骗delusion n.欺骗，幻想dupe n.受骗的人，上当者duplicity n.欺骗，· 口是心非enticement n.诱骗,诱人fallacious adj.欺骗的，· 谬误的fraud n.欺诈，· 欺骗，· 骗子fraudulent adj.欺骗的，· 不诚实的greenhorn n.初学者，· 容易受骗的人gull n海鸥，· v.欺骗gullible adj.易受骗的hoax n.v.骗局，· 欺骗hoodwink v.蒙混，· 欺骗impostor n.冒充者，· 骗子imposture n.冒名· 顶替，· 欺骗inveigle v.诱骗，· 诱使mountebank n.江湖郎中，· 骗子quack n.冒充内行之人，· 庸医rig v.欺骗，· 舞弊，· 伪造trickery n.欺骗，· 诡计wheedle v.(用花言巧语)哄骗finagle v 欺骗，· 诈取bamboozle v 欺骗，· 隐瞒bullyrag v 恐吓，· 欺骗cog v/n 诈骗，· 欺骗n.齿轮的齿，· 轮牙cozen v 欺骗，· 瞒，· 骗取con v 哄骗，· 诈骗gudgeon n 诱饵，· 易受骗的人racketeer n 诈骗者，· 敲诈shammer n 骗子，· 假冒者double-cross v 欺骗，· 出卖decoy v 欺骗，· 引诱bilk v. 赖,蒙骗jockey n. 赛马的骑师v.骗,瞒bilk v. 赖,白吃,受挫折n.赖帐,诈骗,骗子gerrymander v\n 为自党利益改划选举区分,不· 公正操纵,欺骗lull n. 暂停,间歇v. 使平静,哄骗GRE阅读词汇精选之燃烧,烤barbecue n.烤肉架,烤肉baste v.倒脂油于(烤肉上,以防烤干)gridiron n.烤架，橄榄球场grill v.烤，· 烤问，· n.烤架parch v.烘烤，· 干热scorch v.烤焦，· 烧焦skewer n.(烤肉用的)串肉杆v.用杆串好broil n/v 烤，· 烧，· 争吵，· 怒骂torrefy v 焙，· 烤scathe n.v.损害，· 烧焦scorch v.烤焦，· 烧焦scorching adj.酷热的sear v.(以烈火)烧灼searing adj.灼热的singe v.(轻微地)烧焦，· 烫焦smolder v.无火焰地闷烧，· 压抑cauterize vt 烧灼,使麻木不· 仁scald v.烫，· 用沸水消毒n.烫伤scalding adj.滚烫的combustible adj.易燃的，· 易激动的combustion n.燃烧flammable adj.易燃的ignite v.发光，· 燃烧inflame v使燃烧，· 激怒(某人) inflammable adj.可燃的，· 易激怒的kindle v.着火、点燃rekindle v.重新点燃enkindle v.煽动,点燃(感情,怒气等) nonflammable adj.不· 易燃的stoke v.添加燃料，· 司炉，· 吞食furnace n.火炉,熔炉,磨练v. 在炉中烧flask n.烧瓶，· 细颈瓶beaker n.大酒杯，· 有倒口的烧杯。

英语专业考研真题集锦

2011年北外英语翻译硕士汉语百科与写作考研真题2011年北京外国语大学英语翻译硕士汉语百科与写作考研真题是根据网友提供的资料整理而来，难免不全之处，仅供参考。

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（介绍了韬略学说与思想在中国的影响和地位，但并未提及韬略思想的内涵）以论韬略为题，写一篇议论文，阐述自己对韬略的见解和认识，不少于800字。

2011年南京师大外国语言文学基础与汉语写作考研真题2011年南京师范大学外国语言文学基础与汉语写作考研真题是根据网友提供的资料整理而来，难免不全之处，仅供参考。

名词解释：1、语义特征2、述事话语3、成分分析法问题回答：1、画出语义三角并说明意义和指称的关系2、阐述韩礼德的语域理论3、简述二语习得中产生的个体差异以及在教学中的应用4、克拉什的输入假设并评价汉语写作：根深与叶茂1000字左右2011年北京语言大学英语语言文学综合考研真题2011年北京语言大学英语语言文学综合考研真题是根据网友提供的资料整理而来，难免不全之处，仅供参考。

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20*0.53.外来语翻译超市，滑雪，日历……太基础了10*14.在句子中填助词都很基础常见10*15.选择20*1 基础语法6.翻译句子，汉译日，都是简单句：10*2星期六下午去看音乐会吗？森先生明天搬家吗？7.一段日语译成汉语。

托马斯·哈代Thomas Hardy 1840-1928

Literary Themes
• His novels are set in the imaginary world of Wessex • Hardy was part of two worlds; on the one hand he had a deep emotional bond with the rural way of life which he had known as a child, but on the other he was aware of the changes which were under way, and the current social problems from the innovations in agriculture
• •
•
The Mayor of Casterbridge (1886) 卡斯特桥市长》《卡斯特桥市长》
• • 强调了命运对人冷酷无情的嘲弄，强调了命运对人冷酷无情的嘲弄，可以和古希腊悲剧相媲美。可以和古希腊悲剧相媲美。作品着力表现的是“性格即命运” 作品着力表现的是“性格即命运” 的主题。的主题。亨查尔遭受的每一次命运的打击，的打击，都可以从他性格中找到直接的起因。接的起因。亨查尔尽管为年轻时铸下的大错努力赎罪改过，下的大错努力赎罪改过，但仍无法逃脱厄运。逃脱厄运。通过迈克尔·亨查尔悲剧的一生，通过迈克尔亨查尔悲剧的一生，亨查尔悲剧的一生形象地反映了威塞克斯两个时代、形象地反映了威塞克斯两个时代、两种制度、两种制度、两种思想之间的尖锐冲突，农村宗法制社会怎样在资本主义的进攻和打击下逐步走向彻底灭亡的悲剧性过程。亡的悲剧性过程。
• His heroes and heroines are often alienated from society and rarely become readmitted into it. • He tends to emphasize the impersonal and, generally, negative powers of fate over the mainly working class people he represented in his novels.

英美文学名著100部

英美文学名著100部1. Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire - JK Rowling2. The Hobbit - J R R Tolkien3. The Bible4. The Da Vinci Code - Dan Brown5. Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban - JK Rowling6. The Official Highway Code - Department for Transport7. The Lion, The Witch and The Wardrobe - CS Lewis8. Fifty Shades of Grey - E L James9. To Kill a Mockingbird - Harper Lee10. Lord of the Rings: Return of the King - JRR Tolkein11. Pride and Prejudice - Jane Austen12. Lord of the Rings: The Two Towers - JRR Tolkein13. Jamie's 30 minute meals - Jamie Oliver14. The BFG - Roald Dahl15. Great Expectations - Charles Dickens16. The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy - Douglas Adams17. Animal Farm - George Orwell18. 1984 - George Orwell19. The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo - Stieg Larsson20. Bridget Jones's Diary - Helen Fielding21. Little Women - Louisa May Alcott22. Romeo and Juliet - William Shakespeare23. Dracula - Bram Stoker24. The Secret Garden -Frances Hodgson Burnett25. George's Marvellous Medicine - Roald Dahl26. Time Travellers Wife - Audrey Niffenegger27. The Hunger Games - Suzanne Collins28. The Catcher in the Rye - J.D Salinger29. David Copperfield - Charles Dickens30. Lovely Bones - Alice Sebold31. The Picture of Dorian Gray - Oscar Wilde32. Emma - Jane Austen33. Lord of the Flies - William Golding34. The Story of Tracy Beaker - Jacqueline Wilson35. The shining - Stephen King36. Confessions of a shopaholic - Sophie Kinsella37. Game of Thrones - George R R Martin38. Life of Pi - Yann Martel39. Memoirs of a Geisha - Arthur Golden40. Far from the Madding Crowd - Thomas Hardy41. The Magic Faraway Tree - Enid Blyton42. Silence of the Lambs - Thomas Harris43. My Sisters keeper - Jodi Picoult44. Is It Just Me? - Miranda Hart45. Mort - Terry Pratchett46. One Day - David Nicholls47. The Kite Runner - Khaled Hosseini48. Moby Dick - Herman Neville49. My Booky Wook - Russell Brand50. The Godfather - Mario Puzo51. The Perks of Being a Wallflower - Stephen Chbosky52. Wolf Hall - Hilary Mantel53. Brief history of time - Stephen Hawking54. Men are from Mars Women are from Venus - John Gray55. Kane and Abel - Jeffrey Archer56. America Psycho - Bret Easton-Ellis57. Artemis Fowl - Eoin Colfer58. Diary of Wimpy Kid - Jeff Kinney59. Gone Girl - Gillian Flynn60. The Princess Diaries - Meg Cabot61. Life and Laughing - Michael McIntyre62. Wonders of the Universe - Brian Cox63. Call The Midwife: A True Story of the East End in the 1950's - Jennifer Worth64. On The Road - Jack Kerouac65. Being Jordan - Katie Price66. Bradley Wiggins: An Autobiography - Bradley Wiggins67. Cloud Atlas - David Mitchell68. Secret diary of a call girl - Belle de Jour69. How to be a Woman - Caitlin Moran70. The Casual Vacancy - JK Rowling71. Riders - Jilly Cooper72. The Pillars of the Earth - Ken Follet73. Blood of Dragons - Robin Hobb74. David Walliams - Mr Stink75. Me Before You - Jojo Moyes76. Frank Skinner - By Frank Skinner77. World War Z - Max Brooks78. A thousand Splendid Suns - Khaled Hosseini79. 12th of Never - James Patterson80. We can remember it for you wholesale –Phillip K Dick81. The Snail and the Whale - Julia Donaldson82. Steve Jobs: The Exclusive Biography - Walter Isaacson83. Still Standing: The Savage Years - Paul O'Grady84. Bring up the Bodies - Hilary Mantel85. The Insider - Piers Morgan86. Football - Bloody Hell! - Alex Ferguson87. The Hundred-Year-Old Man who Climbed out of the Window and Disappeared - Jonas Jonasson88. A Street Cat Named Bob - James Bowen89. My Animals and Other Family - Clare Balding90. The James Bond Archives - Paul Duncan91. Entwined With You - Sylvia Day92. Running My Life - Seb Coe93. Ratburger - David Walliams94. The Snow Child - Eowyn Ivey95. Over the Moon: My Autobiography - David Essex96. Honest: My Story So Far - Tulisa Contostavlos97. Looking for Alaska - John Green98. The Autobiography of Jack the Ripper - James Carnac99. Eloise - Judy Finnigan100. The Hare with Amber Eyes: A Hidden Inheritance - Edmund de Waal。

Tess of the d'Urbervilles

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Hardy‟s novels of
character and environment
Under the Greenwood Tree, 1872 《绿荫下》 Far from the Madding Crowd, 《远离尘嚣》
Tess of the D’Urbervilles
托马斯·哈代
Thomas Hardy 1840-1928
Biography
• Was born on June 2, 1840 in Dorset, England and died on January 11, 1928 • Hardy's mother, provided for his education. • Hardy was apprenticed to an architect. He worked in an office, which specialized in restoration of churches. • In 1874 Hardy married Emma Lavinia Gifford. Who then died in 1912 • In 1914 he married his secretary, Florence Emily Dugdale.
·lazy ·ignorant ·greedy
Tess's mother
Joan Durbeyfield-Tess's hardworking mother who has a practical outlook on life. This includes being prepared to use her daughter for her own gains. ·stupid ·blind to her husband

Tess-of-the-D’Urbervilles

• Climax: Tess's new husband discovers her earlier seduction by Alec and decides to leave her, going off to Brazil and not answering her letters, and bringing Tess to despair.
Tess
• She is a good-natured girl, when her husband
Men Dominating Women
• One of the recurrent themes of the novel is the way in which men can dominate women, exerting a power over them linked primarily to their maleness.
Phase the Fifth --The Woman Pays (Chap.35)
Confession
Forgiv e
Not Forgive
Angel Clare
As his name—in French, close to “Bright Angel”—suggests, Angel is not quite of this world, but floats above it in a transcendent sphere of his own. The narrator says that Angel shines rather than burns .His moral system is readjusted as he is brought down to Earth. Ironically, it is not the angel who guides the human in this novel, but the human who instructs the angel, although at the cost of her own life.

《最蓝的眼睛》中边缘人形象分析

中文摘要托尼·莫里森是美国著名的黑人女作家，也是第一位获得诺贝尔文学奖的黑人女作家。

《最蓝的眼睛》作为莫里森的第一部作品，一经出版就赢得了广泛的关注与讨论。

该书将视角投向了处于社会边缘地带的黑人家庭，塑造了布里德洛夫一家三口不同层面的边缘化人物形象。

这些鲜明的人物形象是社会主流意识形态下边缘群体的缩影。

本文试图运用美国边缘人理论来分析小说黑人家庭中父亲乔利，母亲宝林，女儿佩克拉三者在道德，文化，及精神方面的边缘人形象，试图挖掘三种边缘人形象的成因及表现，探讨在恶劣环境下边缘人人性的发展与心理危机，总结其小说创作的艺术价值与意义。

小说描述了三个黑人家庭成员在白人主流文化下产生的不同层面的边缘人形象。

作为道德的边缘人，黑人父亲乔利从小被抛弃，年少时期道德标杆的缺失造成了他是非观念的空白。

来自白人世界的侮辱造成了他极端的自卑心理，后期黑人社会与其家庭的冷漠更是加剧了他道德意识的沦丧和善恶观念的扭曲。

在酒精的作用下，乔利完全沦为了本能和欲望的野兽。

他性侵了自己的女儿，虐待自己的妻子，最终从无能的受害者彻底沦为道德败坏的施害者。

作为文化的边缘人，黑人母亲宝林毅然决然地抛弃了自己的黑人家庭，主动切断了同黑人文化的联系并极度向往和推崇白人文化。

但是因为种族歧视，宝林却始终无法得到白人主流文化的认可。

即使宝林主动迎合白人文化标准，接受白人的审美观念，但是她的存在价值仅仅只是附属品女仆身份，最终宝林沦为了不黑不白的文化边缘人。

年仅11岁的黑人女孩佩克拉从心智正常的失语者沦为了精神边缘的疯子，走向了精神世界的边缘化。

破裂的家庭环境的忽视，学校师生的歧视及社会环境的冷漠造成了佩克拉精神的崩溃，人格的分裂。

因此她疯狂盲目地追求所谓的蓝色眼睛，最终丧失了理性思维，走向了精神层面的癫狂。

本文通过对三种边缘人类型及特征的划分，总结不同角色因种族，文化，性别对其边缘人形象形成的原因，揭示了莫里森对弱势的边缘黑人人性的挖掘，传递了莫里森对弱势边缘黑人命运的悲悯及关怀。

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Early Years as an Architect
His formal education ended at the age of 16. He then trained as an architect in Dorchester. He moved to London in 1862 and won prizes from the Royal Institute of British Architects and the Architectural Association. Hardy never truly felt at home in London and when he returned five years later to Dorset he decided to dedicate himself to writing.
THOMAS HARDY
Biography
Childhood Home
Hardy lived from 1840 to 1928. He was born in this Dorset cottage in the south west of England. It was built by his grandfather in 1800.
Childhood-Family
He was the son of a master mason and builder, Thomas Hardy senior. From his father he gained a love of music. His mother, Jemima Hardy, was wellread and educated Thomas until he went to his first school at Bockhampton at age 8.ve of learning as well as a love of the countryside.
In the end a compromise was reached. His ashes were buried in Westminster Abbey and his heart was buried with Emma.
Connecting with The Voice
The Voice Thomas Hardy
Thomas Hardy’s Later Years
Hardy married his secretary, Florence Dugdale in 1914. She later became his biographer.
Hardy died in 1928, aged 87. He had asked to be laid beside Emma in Dorset, but others wanted his body buried in Poet's Corner in Westminster Abbey.
Thomas Hardy the Novelist
Thomas Hardy was a succesful novelist in his own lifetime, although his first love was writing poetry. His first book that gained notice was Far from the Madding Crowd (1874). After its success Hardy was convinced that he could earn his living as an author. He produced a series of novels, among them The Return of Native (1878) and The Mayor of Casterbridge (1886). Tess of the D'urbervilles (1891), which deals with the aftermath of rape, came into conflict with Victorian morality. Jude the Obscure (1895) aroused even more debate and it was sold in brown paper bags so it couldn’t be seen. In 1896, disturbed by the public uproar Hardy announced that he would never write fiction again and he concentrated on writing poetry.
A description of the property is set out in Domiclium and is his oldest surviving poem. It faces west, and round the back and sides High beeches, bending, hang a veil of boughs, And sweep against the roof, Wild honeysucks Climb on the walls, and seem to sprout a wish (If we may fancy wish of trees and plants) To overtop the apple-trees hard by. Red roses, lilacs, varigated box Are there in plenty, and such hardy flowers As flourish best untrained. Adjoining these Are herbs and esculents; and farther still A field; then cottages with trees, and last The distant hills and sky. (extract from Domiclium 1860)
Reflect on the biographical background of the poem. How you think the poet is feeling as he writes the first stanza? The answer might not be simple. How much of his feelings are communicated by the sound of the verse and the arrangement of the words? Consider, for example, the way the repetition of the words ‘call to me’ extends the length of the line. What effect does the rhythm have on the tone of the stanza?
The marriage between Thomas and Emma was childless and largely unhappy. It is rumoured that he had affairs. Others have said that Emma was spoilt and demanding. Emma suffered from physical ill-health and in the latter part of their marriage her mental health was not good either. Her death was a shock to Hardy. He had not anticipated it and may well have felt guilty about the lack of care he showed when she first became ill. Emma Hardy died in November 1912, and was buried in Stinsford churchyard. Thomas was stricken with remorse, but the result was some of his best poetry, expressing his feelings for his wife of 38 years.
Thomas Hardy and Emma Gifford
Thomas Hardy was married twice - his first marriage, was to Emma Gifford. They married in 1874.
Thomas Hardy and Emma Hardy
Woman much missed, how you call to me, call to me, Saying that now you are not as you were When you had changed from the one who was all to me, But as at first, when our day was fair.