英专综合教程2第⼆版unit9word教案Section One Pre-reading Activities (2)I. Audiovisual supplement (2)II. Cultural information (2)Section Two Global Reading (4)I Text analysis (4)II Structural analysis (4)Section Three Detailed Reading (5)Text I (5)Section Four Consolidation Activities (15)I . Vocabulary Analysis (15)II Grammar Exercises (18)III. Translation exercises (20)IV Exercises for integrated skills (21)V Oral activities (21)VI Writing Practice (22)VII Listening Exercises (24)Section Five Further Enhancement (26)I. Text II (26)II. Memorable Quotes (29)Section One Pre-reading ActivitiesI. Audiovisual supplementWatch the video and answer the following questions.1. What happened to Chris?2. Do you have the experience that you struggled so hard to achieve something, and at last you made it?（插⼊视频）Answers to the Questions:1. It was the last day of Chris‘ internship at a prestigious stock brokerage firm. At last he got the job as a broker. This could change his life. So after meeting the managers, Chris got his happiness.2. Open.Script:Chris:Mr. Frohm, good to see you.Mr. Frohm: Nice shirt.Chris:Thank you, sir.Jay:Chris.Chris:Hey, Jay.Mr. Frohm: Chris, sit down, please.Chris:I thought I‘d wear a shirt today. You know, being the last day and all.Mr. Frohm: Well, thank you. Thank you. We appreciate that. But ... wear one tomorrow though, okay? Because tomorrow‘s going to be your first day. If you‘d like to work here as abroker. Would you like that, Chris?Chris:Yes, sir.Mr. Frohm: Good. We couldn‘t be happier. So welcome. Was it as easy as it looked?Chris:No, sir. No, sir, it wasn‘t.Mr. Frohm: Good luck, Chris.Chris:Thank you. Thank you.Mr. Frohm: Oh, Chris. I almost forgot.Chris:Thank you.Voiceover: This part of my life ... this little part ... is called ―Happiness.‖II. Cultural information1. QuoteHappiness lies not in the mere possession of money; it lies in the joy of achievement, in the thrill of creative effort.— Franklin Roosevelt（适当插⼊图⽚Franklin Roosevelt）2. The Pursuit of HappinessThe Pursuit of Happiness is a 2006 American biographical film directed by Gabriele Muccino about the on-and-off-homeless salesman-turned stockbroker Chris Gardner. The screenplay by Steven Conrad is based on the best-selling memoir of the same name written by Chris Gardner with Quincy Troupe. The film was released on December 15, 2006, by Columbia Pictures.Chris Gardner is a bright and talented, but marginally employed salesman. Struggling to make ends meet, Gardner finds himself and his five-year-old son evicted from their San Francisco apartment with nowhere to go. When Gardner lands an internship at a prestigious stock brokerage firm, he and his son endure many hardships, including living in shelters, in pursuit of his dream of a better life for the two of them.（插⼊图⽚The Pursuit of Happiness）Section Two Global ReadingI Text analysis1.What‘s the author‘s answer to the question ―What is happiness‖?According to the author, happiness lies in the idea of becoming, in the meaningful pursuit of what is life-engaging and life-revealing.2.What‘s the author‘s purpose of writing?To attempt a definition of happiness by setting some extremes to the idea and then working in toward the middle.II Structural analysisSection Three Detailed ReadingText IWhat Is Happiness?John Ciardi(abridged)1The right to pursue happiness is issued to Americans with their birth certificates, but no one seems quite sure which way it runs. It may be we are issued a hunting license but offered no game.1Jonathan Swift seemed to think so when he attacked the idea of happiness as “the possession of being well-deceived,” the felicity of being “a fool among knaves.” For Swift saw society as Vanity Fair, the land of false goals.2It is, of course, un-American to think in terms of fools and knaves.2 We do, however, seem to be dedicated to the idea of buying our way to happiness. We shall all have made it to Heaven when we possess enough.33And at the same time the forces of American commercialism are hugely dedicated to making us deliberately unhappy. Advertising is one of our major industries, and advertising exists not to satisfy desires but to create them — and to create them faster than any man’s budget can satisfy them. For that matter, our whole economy is based on a dedicated insatiability. We are taught that to possess is to be happy, and then we are made to want.We are even told it is our duty to want. It was only a few years ago, to cite a single example, that car dealers across the country were flying banners that read "You Auto Buy Now."They were calling upon Americans, as an act approaching patriotism, to buy at once, with money they did not have, automobiles they did not really need, and which they would be required to grow tired of by the time the next year’s models were released.4Or look at any of the women’s magazines. There, as Bernard DeVoto once pointed out, advertising begins as poetry in the front pages and ends as pharmacopoeia and therapy in the back pages. The poetry of the front matter is the dream of perfect beauty. This is the baby skin that must be hers. These, the flawless teeth. This, the perfumed breath she must exhale. This, the sixteen-year-old figure she must display at forty, at fifty, at sixty, and forever.5Once past the vaguely uplifting fiction and feature articles, the reader finds the other face of the dream in the back matter. This is the harness into which Mother must strap herself in order to display that perfect figure. These, the chin straps she must sleep in. This is the salve that restores all, this is her laxative, these are the tablets that melt away fat, these are the hormones of perpetual youth, these are the stockings that hide varicose veins.6Obviously no half-sane person can be completely persuaded4 either by such poetry or by such pharmacopoeia and orthopedics. Yet someone is obviously trying to buy the dream as offered and spending billions every year in the attempt. Clearly the happiness-market is not running out of customers, but what are they trying to buy?7The idea "happiness," to be sure, will not sit still for easy definitions: the best one can do is to try to set some extremes to the idea and then work in toward the middle.5 To thinkof happiness as acquisitive and competitive will do to set the materialistic extreme.6To think of it as the idea one senses in, say, a holy man of India will do to set the spiritual extreme. That holy man’s ideal of happiness is in needing nothing from outside himself. In wanting nothing, he lacks nothing. He sits immobile, rapt in contemplation, free even of his own body.7Or nearly free of it. If devout admirers bring him food, he eats it; if not, he starves indifferently. Why be concerned? What is physical is an illusion to him.Contemplation is his joy and he achieves it through a fantastically demanding discipline, the accomplishment of which is itself a joy within him.88But, perhaps because I am Western, I doubt such catatonic happiness, as I doubt the dreams of the happiness-market. What is certain is that his way of happiness would be torture to almost any Western man. Yet these extremes will still serve to frame the area within which all of us must find some sort of balance. Thoreau —a creature of both Eastern and Western thought — had his own firm sense of that balance. His aim was to save on the low levels in order to spend on the high.99Possession for its own sake or in competition with the rest of the neighborhood would have been Thoreau’s idea of the low levels. The active discipline of heightening one’s perception of what is enduring in nature would have been his idea of the high.10 What he saved from the low was time and effort he could spend on the high. Thoreau certainly disapproved of starvation, but he would put into feeding himself only as much effort as would keep him functioning for more important efforts.10Happiness is never more than partial.11There are no pure states of mankind.Whatever else happiness may be, it is neither in having nor in being, but in becoming.12 What the Founding Fathers declared for us as an inherent right, we should do well to remember, was not happiness but the pursuit of happiness. What they might have underlined, could they have foreseen the happiness-market, is the cardinal fact that happiness is in the pursuit itself, in the meaningful pursuit of what is life-engaging and life-revealing,13 which is to say, in the idea of becoming.A nation is not measured by what it possesses or wants to possess, but by what it wants to become.Paragraphs 1-2Questions1. What does the author mean when he says ―The right to pursue happiness is issued to Americans with their birth certificates‖? (Paragraph 1)Here the author alludes to the well-known statement in the Declaration of Independence of the United States of America:―We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty, and the pursuit of Happiness.‖ The sentence means that everyone is born with the right to pursue happiness.2. What do the quoted expressions from Swift mean? (Paragraph 1)Both expressions ―the possession of being well deceived‖ and ―a fool among knaves‖ are used by Swift to describe a conception of happiness, i.e., a state of being deceived. The word ―possession‖ here means ―a state of being completely under the influence of an idea or emotion‖and in this particular expression ―the state of being deceived.‖―A fool among knaves‖ refers to a person who is easily deceived without realizing it.3. Why does the author say, ―It is, of course, un-American to think in terms of fools and knaves‖? (Paragraph 2)Because most Americans take it for granted that pursuing happiness, or buying their way to it is in accordance with American national character.Words and Expressions1. pursue vt. try to achieve somethinge.g. He urges all sides in the conflict to pursue peace.We are working together to pursue a common goal.Derivation:pursuit n.Collocation:in the pursuit ofe.g. She showed steadiness and courage in the pursuit of her aims.2. issue vt. to provide sb. with the things they need for a particular actione.g. The police in Britain are not usually issued with guns.Visitors are issued with identity cards to wear inside the factory.Collocation:issue sth. (to sb.) 将某物发给、供给或分配给某⼈使⽤e.g. The office will be issuing permits on Tuesday and Thursday mornings.Derivation:issue n.Sentences1. It may be we are issued a hunting license but offered no game. (Paragraph 1)Explanation: It may be we are given the right of pursuing happiness but we don‘t know where it is, because maybe there is no happiness as such at all. Note ―game‖ originally refers to a wild animal or bird hunted for sport. Here it is a metaphor for what is being pursued, i.e. happiness. It is roughly equi valent to ―false goals‖ at the end of this paragraph.Paraphrase:It may be that you have received the license for hunting but you don‘t have the chance to hunt.Translation: 它可能就像：授予了你打猎的许可证却不给你提供打猎的机会。
