下载文档原格式
主谓一致的基本规则及常见例子主谓一致是指主语在人称和数上与谓语动词保持一致。
主谓一致在语法中起到重要的作用，它决定了句子的正确性和语言的表达清晰度。
本文将介绍主谓一致的基本规则，并给出常见的例子以帮助读者更好地理解和运用。
一、一般现在时中的主谓一致在一般现在时中，主语与谓语动词需要保持一致。
当主语是第三人称单数时，谓语动词要使用第三人称单数形式。
例如：1. He goes to school by bus every day.（第三人称单数主语）2. They go to school by bus every day.（非第三人称单数主语）在第一个句子中，主语"He"是第三人称单数，所以谓语动词"go"也使用了第三人称单数形式"goes"。
而在第二个句子中，主语"They"是非第三人称单数，所以谓语动词"go"保持了原始形式。
二、存在助动词的句子中的主谓一致当句子中存在助动词时，主语与助动词的词形要保持一致。
例如：1. She is reading a book.（动词“be”+现在分词）2. They are reading books.（动词“be”+现在分词）在第一个句子中，主语“She”是第三人称单数，所以助动词“is”也使用了第三人称单数形式。
而在第二个句子中，主语“They”是非第三人称单数，所以助动词“are”保持了原始形式。
三、特殊情况下的主谓一致1. 连接词“either...or...”或“neither...nor...”连接两个主语时，谓语动词要与靠近的主语保持一致。
例如：Neither John nor his friends are going to the party.（“neither...nor...”连接两个主语，谓语动词与靠近的主语"friends"保持一致）2. 当主语为复数形式，但表示整体单一概念时，谓语动词要使用单数形式。
主谓一致的几种情况及解决方法在中文语法中，主谓一致是非常重要的一项规则。
当主语是单数时，谓语动词应使用单数形式；当主语是复数时，谓语动词应使用复数形式。
然而，有时候我们可能会遇到一些特殊的情况，导致主谓之间出现不一致的问题。
本文将介绍一些常见的主谓一致情况，并提供解决方法。
情况一：连接词引起的一致问题当主语由以及（和）、或者等连接词连接时，主语的数取决于连接词后面最近的那个名词。
例如：她和她的朋友们在游泳。
解决方法：根据连接词后面的名词确定谓语动词的形式。
情况二：不定代词引起的一致问题当主语是不定代词，如everyone、somebody、nobody等时，谓语动词应使用单数形式。
例如：Everyone likes ice cream.解决方法：根据不定代词的单复数确定谓语动词的形式。
情况三：主语包含量词引起的一致问题当主语是由量词引起的复数名词短语时，谓语动词应使用复数形式。
例如：A lot of people are waiting for the bus.解决方法：根据量词后面的名词确定谓语动词的形式。
情况四：某些特殊名词的一致问题有些名词，尽管是单数形式，但在意义上表示复数，因此谓语动词应使用复数形式。
例如：The news are shocking.解决方法：根据特殊名词的意义确定谓语动词的形式。
总结：主谓一致是中文语法中一项重要的规则，遵循主谓一致原则可以使语句更加准确和流畅。
在处理主谓一致问题时，需要注意连接词、不定代词、量词以及特殊名词等的影响。
只有正确理解这些情况并采取相应的解决方法，才能确保主谓一致的准确性。
主谓一致的正确运用，不仅可以使我们的语言表达更加规范，而且可以提高我们的语言表达能力。
因此，我们在学习中文语法的过程中应该重视主谓一致这一规则，并不断加以运用和巩固。
只有在不断的实践中，我们才能真正掌握主谓一致的技巧，使我们的语言表达更加地道和优雅。
通过对主谓一致的几种情况及解决方法的介绍，相信大家对主谓一致问题有了更加清晰的认识。
主谓一致的讲解一、并列结构作主语时的主谓一致1.由and 连接主语时And 连接的两个或多个单数可数名词、不可数名词或代词作主语时根据意义或概念确定谓语用单数或复数1)并列主语表示不同的人、物或概念时谓语动词用复数Li Ming and Zhang Hua are good students.Like many others, the little tramp and the naughty boy have rushed there in search of gold.小流浪汉和调皮的小男孩也赶到那里寻找金子Both rice and wheat are grown in this area.2)并列主语表示同一个人、物或概念时，谓语动词用单数形式。
The professor and writer is speaking at the meeting.那位教授兼作家正在会上发言A journalist and authour lives on the sixth floor.一位新闻记者兼作家His lawyer and former college friend was with him on his trip to Europe.他的律师兼大学时代的朋友陪他去欧洲旅行The Premier and Foreign Minister was present at the state banquet.总理兼外长比较：the writer and the educator have visited our school.the writer and educator has visited our school.His lawyer and his former college friend were with him on his trip to Europe. 注意：指同一个人或物时，并列主语前只用一个冠词，指不同的需要分别加冠词，但两个名词具有分别的对立的意思时只需要一个冠词即可A boy and girl are playing tennis.3)并列主语前有each, every, many a , no 等修饰时谓语动词用单数Each doctor and (each) nurse working in the hospital was asked to help patients. Every man, woman and child is entitled to take part in the activity. 有权参加Every boy and (every) girl admires him for his fine sense of humour.Many a boy and (many a ) girl has made the same mistakeNo boy and no girl is there now.没有任何男孩和女孩在那里注意：many a 跟单数可数名词但是表示复数意义翻译为很多Many a student was disappointed after seeing the movie.4)并列主语为不可分的整体时，谓语动词用单数A law and rule about protecting environment has been drawn up.法规制定The knife and fork has been washed 刀叉已经被洗好War and peace is a constant theme in history战争与和平是历史永恒的主题注意;常被视为主体的结构A cup and saucer 一副杯碟A horse and cart 马车A knife and fork 一副刀叉A law and rule 法规A needle and thread 一套针线Fish and chips 炸鱼加炸薯条The stars and stripes 星条旗2.由(either)…or 或neither…nor 等连接的主语时由 either…or, neither…nor, or, not only…but(also)…连接主语时，谓语动词陈述句中就近原则Either you or Jane is to be sent to New York.要么你要么简被派往纽约Neither you nor he has finished the experiment.Neither the teacher nor the students like this piece of music. 都不喜欢这首曲子Not only the old farmer but also his family were friendly to me.Not only his friends but also he himself is looking forward to taking part in the party.3.主语由肯定否定两部分构成谓语跟肯定部分走Not you but I am to answer the questionI, not you, am to answer the question.二、单一主语的主谓一致1.名词本身自带s作主语时1）学科名词: physics 物理 mathematics/maths 数学 economics 经济学 politics政治学新闻; news体操：GymnasticsAs we know, Physics is a fundamental subject in science.物理是自然科学中的一门基础学科Mathematics is a required course for middle school students.数学是中学生的一门必修课Einstein once said ,“Politics is much more difficult than physics.”注意：当mathematics 表示运算时谓语动词用单数复数都可If my mathematics is/are right, the answer is 56.如果我的运算正确，答案就是56 The television news is at 7 o’clock in the evening every dayGymnastics is my sister’s favourite sport2)有些名词单复数同行根据是单数概念还是复数概念判断谓语 means方式方法 aircraft 飞机works 工厂 crossroads十字路口 deer 鹿 sheep 羊 fish 鱼This works was build in 1982 这座工厂是By far, three steelworks have been closed down in this cityThis means of transport has been triedAll possible means have been tried3）由两部分组成的物体名词作主语时，谓语动词用复数chopsticks筷子 compasses 圆规glasses眼镜 gloves手套Jeans牛仔裤 pants裤子scissors剪子 shoes鞋子shorts短裤 socks短袜trousers裤子My trousers are white and his clothes are black.我的裤子是白色的他的衣服是黑色的Why are your shoes so dirty?注意;如果这些词由单位词（a pair of , a suit of , a piece of , a kind of 等）修饰时，单位词的单复数决定谓语动词的单复数A pair of scissors is lying in that drawer.These kinds of glasses are popular this summer.4)表示国家、人名、书名、组织机构等的专有名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数The united States is a developed countryThe New York Times is widely read in the world.5)以-s 结尾的群岛、山脉、海峡、瀑布等专有名词谓语动词用复数The Himalayas have a magnificent variety of plants.植物种类繁多The Niagara Falls are splendid waterfalls.6)以-S结尾的名词作主语时谓语动词用复数belongings财产 clothes衣服 plasticsearnings收入 goods货物leavings剩余 savings储存All the goods are very expensive.2.集体名词作主语时1）mankind, humanity, man 作主语时，谓语一般用单数Only man knows how to cook. 只有人懂得烹饪【注】mankind 表示“人(类)”有时表示复数意义,尤其是其表语是复数时：Mankind are intelligent animals. 人是理智的动物.2）people, police, cattle, youth等作主语时，只有单数形式, 但却表示复数意义谓语动词用复数The police are investigating the riot. 正在调查暴乱事件The cattle are grazing the the field 正在牧场吃草Many cattle were killed for this. 就因为这个原因宰了不少牲畜【注】people作民族讲时有复数形式.如： There are 56 peoples in China3）family, crowd 等作主语时，根据概念确定谓语动词这类集体名词有：Army， assembly议会集会 audience band class club committee company congress议会youth crew 全体工作人员 crowd enemy family gang团伙government group herd牧群 jury population public team强调整体用单数谓语强调个体用复数谓语The family is going to move to New YorkThe family have different opinions about their going abroadThe football club committee arranges all the matchesThe football club committee have decided to dismiss him.比较：A family , a group , a class 做主语时用单数谓语Families, groups, classes 作主语时用复数谓语A group is coming to the zoo.一队人正朝着动物园走来4）baggage / luggage(行李), clothing(衣服), furniture(家具), machinery(机器), poetry(诗), scenery(风景), jewelry(珠宝), equipment(设备)等,是不可数名词,只用单数形式,不用不定冠词(当然更不能用数词)Our clothing protects us from [against] the cold. 我们的衣服可以御寒.Have you checked all your baggage? 你所有行李都托运了吗?【注】machinery, poetry, jewelry, scenery等相应的个体可数名词是 machine, poem, jewel, scene等.如：a poem / a piece of poetry(一首诗),many machines / much machinery / many pieces of machinery(许多机器).5）hair的用法hair(头发,毛发)指全部头发或毛发时,为集合名词(不可数)；指几根头发或毛发时,为个体名词(可数)：My hair has grown very long. 我的头发已长得很长了.The police found two hairs there. 警察在那儿找到了两根头发.6）fruit的用法fruit(水果)作为集合名词,它通常是不可数的：He doesn’t eat much fruit. 他不大吃水果.He is growing fruit in the country. 他在乡下种水果.但是,当要表示种类时,它可视为可数名词,即a fruit 指一种水果,fruits 指多种水果.比较：Some fruits have thick skins. 有些水果皮很厚.3.非谓语动词或从句作主语时1）非谓语动词或从句作主语时谓语动词用单数To improve agricultural land needs a lot of money.改善耕地质量需要投入大量的资金To see is to believeSwimming is a good way to keep healthHow they will solve the problem remains to be seenWhether she will come is not known2)多个非谓语动词作主语，表达一个概念谓语用单数，表达不同概念谓语用复数Going to be early and getting up early is good for your health.早睡早起一个概念Reading books and playing table tennis are my great pleasure.读书和打乒乓球Listening, speaking, reading and writing are all important.To be strict with oneself and to be kind to others are good qualities of a person三、其他情况的主谓一致1.表示距离、时间、长度、金额、质量等的复数名词作主语时常被看作是整体谓语动词用单数这类复数名词有：miles, dollars, pounds, kilograms公斤千克, kilometres公里, centimetres,厘米 millimetres毫米, seconds, hours, years等Five dollars seems a fair price 是一个公道的价格Two kilometres is not very far for the young manFive hours is a short time for such a difficult job2.如果强调数目谓语动词用复数One hundred cents make a dollarMore than twenty years have passed since they got married.3.算数中的谓语动词一般用单数形式，有时也用复数Five times eight is/are fortyFour and eight makes/make twelveSixty minus seven leaves fifty-threeForty-eight divided by six is eight4.复合不定代词作主语时谓语动词用单数Everyone something anybody nowhereEveryone in the class was surprised at the newsListen! Someone is knocking at the door.Is anyone going to tell him the news?5.each one of…, every one of …, anyone of…, one of…, 等作主语时谓语用单数Each of the girl in our class has a balloon 我们班每个女孩都有一个气球Each of the students was asked to speak for three minutes.Every one of them is familiar to me. 我对他们都很熟悉6.each , every 作形容词修饰主语时谓语动词用单数但是each 作复数主语的同位语时谓语用复数Each/Every boy in our class has a skateboard一副滑板They each have a stateboardEach/Every student has an English-Chinese dictionaryThe students each have an English-Chinese dictionary7.none of + 不可数名词谓语用单数none of,neither of, + 可数名词复数/复数代词 + 谓语动词单数复数都可either of ,None of that money in the desk is his 不可数名词None of his classmates knows the truth.= None of his classmates know the truth Neither of the statements is true = Neither of the statements are true 两种说法没有一个真实Either of the qualifications is acceptable = Either of the qualifications are acceptable8.neither 与 either 做形容词修饰单数名词时谓语动词用单数Either qualification is acceptable两种资格中的任何一种都可以接受Neither qualification is acceptable9.分数百分数+ of + 名词，some of , plenty of, a lot of, lots of, most of, the rest of, all(of), half(of) 谓语常与of 后面的名词一致分数/百分数 + of + 复数名词/ 复数代词谓语动词用复数分数/百分数 + of + 单数名词/单数代词谓语动词用单数不可数名词Two thirds of the students support the plan复数名词One tenth of them are suffering from this kind of illness.复数代词Three fourths of the surface of the earth is sea单数名词Eighty percent of the employees in the company are from Beijing百分数复数名词Thirty percent of its area is flooded each year.百分数单数名词The rest of the money belongs to youThe rest of the students speak for it.Half of the apple is rottenHalf of the apples are rotten10.more(…) than one…结构作主语时More(…)than one…+ 单数名词谓语用单数More + 复数名词 + than one 谓语用复数More than two + 复数名词谓语用复数More than one white rose has bloomed in the gardenMore white roses than one have bloomed in the gardenMore than two white roses have bloomed 两个以上的的白玫瑰开了11.a number of + 复数名词谓语用复数许多的The number of + 名词谓语动词用单数…的数量A number of trees are green in AprilA great number of tourists have been to the Great WallA large number of worker were out of work because the factory was destroyed in flood.The number of students in the computer class is limited to ten.The number of workers who were out of work was 1,000.12.there/here…引导句子时就近原则There are some chairs and a table in the roomThere is a table and some chairs in the roomHere are some gifts for youHere is a book, a pen and some paper for you.13.当主语后接修饰语时With, along with, together with, but, besides, except, like, including, in addition to, as well as, rather than, 谓语动词与前面的主语保持一致A library with five thousand books is offered to the nation as a gift被作为礼物送给了这个国家The teacher, along with her students, is going to attend the lecture 听报告A peasant, together with some soldiers, is about to help us.All but one have arrived here.除了一个人外所有人都到了No one except two students was late for class.再没有其他人上课迟到The garage, in addition to the house, was burned.She as well as the other girls is going to another supermarked.You as well as I are wrong.The father, rather than the brother, is responsible.父亲而不是兄弟们应当负责14.The+ 形容词做主语时表示一类人用复数谓语表示抽象概念用单数谓语The injured were carried away on stretchers.用担架抬走了The old are more likely to catch cold than the youngThe rich are for the decision but the poor are against it.The young are always full of vitality充满了活力The unknown is always something to be feared 未知的东西总是令人害怕The beautiful is not always the good, and the good is not always the true.美未必是善善未必是真The true is to be distinguished from the false真应与假相区别The good is what people like 人们总是喜欢美好的东西In many stories, the good are well rewarded and the bad are punished.好人有好报坏人有怀抱15.all做主语时指一切表示单数概念用单数谓语，指具体人或物用复数谓语All has been tried一切都试过了All were silent 大家都一言不发All was silent 万籁俱寂All are here now 大家都在16.由 a kind of, this kind of, many kinds of, 名词+of this kind, a type of asort of 谓语动词根据of 后面的名词来定A new type of machine is on show now. Machines of this kind are made in Wuhan欢迎您的下载，资料仅供参考！致力为企业和个人提供合同协议，策划案计划书，学习资料等等打造全网一站式需求。
主谓一致的原则主谓一致是英语语法中的基本原则之一，指的是主语和谓语在人称和数上要保持一致。
主谓一致的正确运用能够使句子表达更加准确，符合语言规范。
本文将详细介绍主谓一致的原则，并通过一些例子来加深理解。
一、基本原则在英语句子中，主语和谓语之间必须保持一致，具体包括以下几个方面：1. 人称一致：主语是第一人称（I、we）、第二人称（you）或第三人称（he、she、it、they）时，谓语动词的形式必须与之一致。
例如：- I am a student.（我是一名学生。
）- He sings beautifully.（他唱得很美。
）2. 数一致：主语是单数形式时，谓语动词的形式也要用单数；主语是复数形式时，谓语动词的形式也要用复数。
例如：- The dog barks loudly.（这只狗叫得很大声。
）- The birds are chirping.（鸟儿正在鸣叫。
）3. 特殊情况：有些特殊情况下，主谓一致的原则会有一些变化。
例如：- 不定代词：somebody, anybody, nobody, everybody等当作主语时，谓语动词形式使用第三人称单数形式。
例如：Nobody wants to go with me.（没有人想和我一起去。
）- 连接词：and连接的主语，如果表示同一个人或物时，谓语动词的形式使用第三人称单数形式；如果表示不同的人或物时，谓语动词的形式使用第三人称复数形式。
例如：Tom and Jerry is a famous cartoon.（汤姆和杰瑞是一部著名的卡通片。
）The boys and girls are playing in the park.（男孩和女孩们正在公园里玩耍。
）二、例题分析为了更好地理解主谓一致原则，以下通过一些例题来进行详细分析。
例题1：The team _____ working on the project.（be）在这个例句中，主语是"the team"，是单数形式，因此谓语动词的形式应该使用单数，填入be的单数形式"is"，句子变为："The team is working on the project."例题2：He and his friends _____ going to the concert.（be）在这个例句中，主语是"he and his friends"，表示多个人，因此谓语动词的形式应该使用复数，填入be的复数形式"are"，句子变为："He and his friends are going to the concert."例题3：One of the students _____ the exam.（fail）在这个例句中，主语是"one of the students"，表示多个学生中的一个，因此谓语动词的形式应该使用第三人称单数，填入fail的第三人称单数形式"fails"，句子变为："One of the students fails the exam."三、常见错误在使用主谓一致时，常见的错误包括以下几种：1. 混淆主谓的人称和数：主语与谓语之间的人称和数要保持一致，不可以混淆。
主谓一致如何正确搭配主语和谓语主谓一致是语法中一个重要的概念，它指的是主语和谓语在人称和数上要保持一致。
正确搭配主语和谓语可以帮助我们避免在表达时出现不清晰或者语法错误的情况。
本文将详细探讨主谓一致的正确搭配方法。
一、人称的一致性人称是主谓一致的首要要素。
一般来说，谓语动词的形式变化取决于主语的人称。
1. 第一人称单数：主语为“I”，谓语动词要用第一人称单数形式。
例如：“I am a student”（我是一个学生）。
2. 第二人称单数：主语为“You”，谓语动词用第二人称单数形式。
例如：“You are a teacher”（你是一位老师）。
3. 第三人称单数：主语为“He/She/It”，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。
例如：“He is a doctor”（他是一名医生）。
4. 第一人称复数：主语为“We”，谓语动词用第一人称复数形式。
例如：“We are students”（我们是学生）。
5. 第二人称复数：主语为“You”，谓语动词用第二人称复数形式。
例如：“You are teachers”（你们是老师）。
6. 第三人称复数：主语为“They”，谓语动词用第三人称复数形式。
例如：“They are doctors”（他们是医生）。
二、数量的一致性在某些句子中，主语和谓语的数量也需要保持一致。
1. 单数主语：主语为单数形式，谓语动词也要用单数形式。
例如：“The cat is sleeping”（这只猫正在睡觉）。
2. 复数主语：主语为复数形式，谓语动词也要用复数形式。
例如：“The cats are playing”（这些猫正在玩耍）。
三、特殊情况的处理除了基本的人称和数量一致原则，还有一些特殊情况需要注意。
1. 以“each”、“every”或者“either...or...”结构作为主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。
例如：“Each student has a book”（每个学生都有一本书）。
主谓一致的用法与例句解析主谓一致是英语语法中非常重要的一个概念，指的是主语和谓语在人称和数上要保持一致。
主谓一致的正确运用可以使句子更加准确、清晰和易于理解。
本文将介绍主谓一致的用法，并通过例句解析来帮助读者更好地理解和掌握。
一、基本规则1. 单数主语与单数谓语动词一致，复数主语与复数谓语动词一致：- The cat eats fish.（猫吃鱼。
）- The boys play football.（男孩们踢足球。
）2. 不可数名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式：- Water is essential for life.（水对生命是必不可少的。
）- This news is very shocking.（这个消息非常震惊。
）3. 用and连接的两个或多个主语，如果表示同一事物或同一人，则谓语动词用单数形式；如果表示不同事物或不同人，则谓语动词用复数形式：- Bread and butter is his favorite breakfast.（面包和黄油是他最喜欢的早餐。
）- Tom and Jack are good friends.（汤姆和杰克是好朋友。
）4. 以every, each, either, neither等为主语的句子，谓语动词用单数形式：- Every child needs love and care.（每个孩子都需要爱和关心。
）- Neither of them is available tomorrow.（他们俩明天都不可用。
）二、特殊情况1. 多个名词作主语，其中有一个是表示数量或距离的词时，谓语动词根据量词或距离词的数来决定单复数：- Five kilometers is a long way to walk.（五公里是一个很长的路程。
）- Three cups of coffee are enough for me.（对我来说，三杯咖啡就足够了。
）2. 在There be句型中，谓语动词的单复数与后面的主语一致：- There is a book on the table.（桌子上有一本书。
主谓一致与主语与谓语部分一致全面解读主谓一致是语法中一个重要的原则，即主语与谓语在人称和数上要保持一致。
主语与谓语要在人称和数上相对应，以确保句子的语法正确性。
主语是句子中的动作的执行者或者是句子主题的核心，而谓语则是句子中表达动作或状态的部分。
在主谓一致中，首先要注意的就是人称的一致性。
当主语是第一人称（我、我们）时，谓语动词也要使用第一人称形式（如使用I、We）。
当主语是第二人称（你、你们）时，谓语动词也要使用第二人称形式（如使用You、You）。
当主语是第三人称（他、她、它、他们、它们、她们）时，谓语动词也要使用第三人称形式（如使用He、She、It、They）。
接下来，我们要关注主语与谓语在数上的一致性。
当主语是单数形式时，谓语动词也要使用单数形式（如动词加“s”或者“es”）。
当主语是复数形式时，谓语动词也要使用复数形式（如动词不加“s”或“es”）。
除了在一般情况下主谓一致的原则外，还有一些特殊情况需要特别注意。
例如，当主语是由“and”连接的两个或多个名词时，谓语动词要使用复数形式。
当主语是由“either...or”或“neither...nor”连接的两个名词时，谓语动词要与靠近它的名词在数上保持一致。
当主语是由“every...”或“each...”开头的名词时，谓语动词要使用单数形式。
当主语是由“more than...”或“less than...”连接并进行比较的两个名词时，谓语动词要与比较级后面的名词在数上保持一致。
总的来说，主谓一致在英语语法中是一个非常基本的规则。
遵循这个规则能够使句子更加流畅、准确，并且避免语法错误的出现。
要注意主语与谓语在人称和数上的一致性，并特别留意那些特殊情况下的一致性规则。
主语与谓语部分一致也是我们解读句子时需要注意的一个方面。
主语与谓语部分一致要求句子中除了主语与谓语的人称和数要保持一致外，还要求这两个部分在时态、语态等方面也要保持一致。
主谓一致语法总结主谓一致指的是主语与动词在人称和数上要保持一致。
在英语语法中，当主语是单数形式时，动词要用第三人称单数形式，而当主语是复数形式时，动词要用复数形式。
这个规则适用于所有时态和语气。
以下是关于主谓一致的总结。
一、基本原则1.在简单句中，主语与动词必须一致。
例子：- The cat sleeps on the sofa.（猫在沙发上睡觉。
）- The birds are singing in the trees.（鸟儿们在树上唱歌。
）2.一般情况下，主语与动词的单复数形式一致。
例子：- My dog likes to play with balls.（我的狗喜欢玩弹球。
）- The students are studying for their exams.（学生们正在为考试而学习。
）3. 当主语为第三人称单数（he、she、it）时，动词要用第三人称单数（-s或-es结尾）。
例子：- She sings beautifully.（她唱得很好听。
）- The cat jumps over the fence.（猫跳过了围栏。
）二、特殊情况1.当主语以复数形式出现，但表示一个整体或一个团体时，动词要用单数形式。
例子：- The team is training for the championship.（团队正在为锦标赛进行训练。
）2.有些名词看上去是复数形式，但实际上是单数形式，动词应该与它们保持单数一致。
例子：- Physics is my favorite subject.（物理是我最喜欢的科目。
）- News travels fast.（新闻传播很快。
）3.复合主语中的多个名词如果表示同一事物或一个整体，动词要用单数形式；如果表示不同事物或多个个体，动词要用复数形式。
例子：- My mother and I are going shopping.（我妈妈和我去购物。
）4.在倒装句中，助动词要与主语保持一致。
句子的主谓一致和主谓不一致情况在英语语法中，句子的主谓一致（Subject-Verb Agreement）是一项非常重要的规则。
它指的是主语和谓语动词之间在人称（person）和数（number）上要一致。
换句话说，如果主语是单数，谓语动词也必须是单数形式；如果主语是复数，谓语动词则要用复数形式。
主谓一致是英语句子结构正确与否的基础，不仅是书面语表达的要求，也是口语交流中一项必须掌握的技能。
不正确的主谓一致会导致语句不通顺，影响读者或听者对句子意思的理解。
接下来，我们将详细介绍主谓一致的情况以及一些常见的错误。
一、主谓一致情况：1. 单数主语与单数谓语动词一致：例：The dog barks at the stranger.（这只狗对陌生人吠叫。
）2. 复数主语与复数谓语动词一致：例：The cats are playing in the garden.（这些猫正在花园里玩耍。
）3. 不可数名词主语与单数谓语动词一致：例：The water is clear and clean.（水很清澈干净。
）4. 主语为复数名词，但代表整体概念时，单数和复数谓语动词皆可：例1：The team is gathering for a meeting.（团队正在准备开会。
）例2：The team are discussing their plans.（团队正在讨论他们的计划。
）5. 主语为由and连接的两个名词时，根据意思来确定谓语动词的单复数形式：例1：Bread and butter is my favorite breakfast.（面包和黄油是我最喜欢的早餐。
）例2：Tom and Jerry are good friends.（汤姆和杰里是好朋友。
）二、主谓不一致情况：1. 不正确的主谓一致会导致句子构造错误，如主谓数不一致：例：The cat drinks water from the bowl.（错误：The cat drink water from the bowl.）2. 主语为复数名词时，却使用了单数形式的谓语动词：例：The flowers brings beauty to the garden.（错误：The flowers bring beauty to the garden.）3. 主语为不可数名词时，却使用了复数形式的谓语动词：例：The coffee have a strong aroma.（错误：The coffee has a strong aroma.）4. 主谓一致错误可能会导致混淆和误解的情况：例：The news was shocking.（这个消息令人震惊。
∙另：1、不定代词all, some, any等作主语时，有以下两种情况：（1）单独作主语时，视其上下文或文中的意义而定。
谓语动词可用单数或复数。
（2）后接of或直接修饰名词时，其后若是不可数名词，动词用单数，若是可数名词复数，则谓语动词用复数。
如：All the things are in the car now. Now all the food is in the basket.2.“ the number of +复数名词”作主语，谓语动词常用单数，因其意思是“….的数量”；而“a number of + 复数名词”作主语，谓语动词应用复数，因a number of 的意思是“许多，大量（≈many）”.如：At the beginning of this year,the number of students was over 1700 in the school. A number of trees were planted yesterday .∙Fill in the right word1. Two hours ____ not long enough for this test.2. One and a half apples ____ left on the table.3. One and a half days ____ all I can spare.4. There ____ two pairs of glasses on the table.5. Traffic police ____ always very busy.6. The English ____ to be with their family at Christmas. (like)7. His family ____ all very well.8. About twenty percent of the students in our class ____ girls.9. All ____ here. Let’s sta rt our meeting.10. What the children want ____ storybooks.11. This is one of the books on the subject that ___ ever been written in Chinese.12. Bread and butter ____ a daily food in the west.13. No man and no woman ____ going to such a shameful thing.14. Not only my brother but also I ____ going there.15. Mary as well as her classmates ____ learned to drive a tractor. (have)16. There ____ more than one answer to your question.17. Two thirds of the population of the city ____ immigrants.18. The students each ____ a dictionary.Ⅱ. Multiple choices19. Seventy percent of the students here ____ from the countryside.A. isB. areC. comesD. has come20. Three fourths of the homework ____ today.A. has finishedB. has been finishedC. have finishedD. have been finished21. Only one-third ____ in the school ____ been repaired.A. of the desks, hasB. desks, haveC. of the desks, haveD. desks, has22. The total number of the population in China ____ about 1100 million on April 14, 1989.A. added upB. wasC. wereD. rose23. More than 60 percent of world’s radio programmes ____ in English.A. isB. wasC. areD. be24. Those who ____ in ____ compositions, please hand them in this afternoon.A. hasn’t handed, hisB. haven’t handed, th eirC. has handed, theirD. have handed, his25. Jane is one of the best students in her class who ____ by their teacher.A. are praisedB. is praisedC. praisedD. praising26. The whole class ____ the teacher attentively.A. are listening toB. is listening toC. are listeningD. is listening27. The subject of physics ____ always interested him.A. hasB. haveC. isD. are28. The United States of America ____ one of the most developed countries in the world.A. isB. areC. wasD. were29. Her ____ to her children’s faults ____ quite extraordinary.A. blind, isB. blind, areC. blindness, isD. blindness, are30. In winter wet clothes ____ near a fire.A. often hanged upB. are often hanged upC. is often hung upD. are often hung up31. Nobody ____ to smoke in the cinema.A. allowsB. allowC. is allowedD. are allowed32. The air in big cities ____ very dirty by factories.A. are often madeB. is often madeC. have often madeD. has often made33. The rest of the magazines ____ within half an hour.A. is sold outB. are sold out C .was sold out D. were sold out34. A large number of the students in our class ____ girls.A. areB. wasC. isD. bi35. The number of students of this school ____ large.A. areB. are notC. isn’tD. aren’t36. The Chinese people ____ hard –working and brave.A. areB. isC. has beenD. are being37. “All ____ present and all _____ going on well.” Our teacher said.A. is ,isB. are, areC. are, isD. is, are38. The League secretary and monitor ____ asked to make a speech at the meeting.A. isB. wasC. areD. were39. Mary as well as her sisters ____ Chinese in China.A. are studyingB. have studiedC. studiesD. study40. He played on the _____ for two hours and when he returned he found half his goods _____ stolen.A. sand, wereB. sand, wasC. sands, wereD. sands, was41. I, who____ your teacher, will try my best to help you with your study.A. beB. amC. areD. is42. The rich _____ not always happy.A. areB. isC. hasD. have43. ____ can be done ____ been doneA. All, haveB. All that, haveC. All, hasD. All that, has44. John has two brothers, but either ____ out of work now.A. areB. is C .has D. have45. The police ____ the murderer everywhere when he suddenly appeared in a theatre.A. is searching forB. were searching forC. are searching forD. were searching46. About 40 ____ of the population of that country ____ on farms.A. percent, livesB. percent ,liveC. percents, liveD. percents, lives47. Apples of this kind ____.A. tastes goodB. tastes wellC. taste goodD. taste well48. Your trousers ____ dirty, you must have ____ washed.A is it B. are, it C. are, them D. is, them49. Where ____ rubbish, there are flies.A. there areB. there isC. isD. there has50. The Olympic Games ____ held every ____ years.A. is, fourB. are, fourC. is, fiveD. are, five51. Many a man _____ come to help us.A. HaveB. hasC. isD. are52. No one but her parents ____ it.A. knowB. knowsC. is knowingD. are knowing53. He is the only one of the students who ____ elected.A. areB. haveC. hasD. is54. Alice together with two boys, ____ for having broken the rule.A. was punishedB. punishedC. were punishedD. being punish55. The results of the examination ____ that you have all made great ____ .A. show, progressB. shows, progressC. show, progressesD. shows, progress56. Two ____ a good enough price for this book.A. yuans areB. yuan areC. dollars isD. dollar are57. Many people say 10,000 ____ a lot of money.A. dollar isB. dollars areC. dollars isD. dollar are58. No bird and no beast ____ in the lonely island.A. are seenB. is seenC. seeD. sees59. Every means ____ used to prevent the water from ____.A. are, pollutingB. get, pollutingC. is, pollutedD.is,being polluted60. The news of victories ____ spreading far and wide.A. isB. areC. have beenD. were61. Everyone here, including children and old people ____ in for sports.A. goB. goingC. to goD. goes62. The wool caught fire and was soon burnt ____ .A. ashesB. ashC. to ashesD. to ash63. Each of the ____ in the ship.A. passenger has his own roomB. passengers has their own roomC. passenger have their own roomD. passengers has his own room64. What we need ____ good textbooks.A. isB. areC. haveD. has65. What you said just now ____ the matter we are discussing.A. have something to do atB. has something to do withC. had something to do withD. has been something to do with66. I went to my ____ last Sunday and had a good time there.A. uncles’B. unclesC. uncle’sD. uncle67. A great deal of energy ____ this way.A. are wastedB. were wastedC. is wastedD. wastes68. The paper for books and newspapers ____ made of wood.A. areB. isC. hasD. have69. Here ____ a new pair of shoes for you.A. isB. areC. haveD. has70. Not only my brother but also I ____ good at painting. Both of us ____ good painters.A. are, areB. am, areC. is, isD. are, is71. Either your parents or your elder brother ____ to attend the evening tomorrow.A. isB. areC. are goingD. have72. Neither my father nor I ____ at home.A. amB. isC. areD. be73. Every boy and every girl ____ to attend the evening party.A. wishB. wishesC. is likeD. like74. It is I who ____ wrong.A. isB. amC. areD. has been75. Not only I but also Jane and Mary ____ tired of having one examination after another.A. isB. areC. amD. be76. A library with five thousand books ____ offered to the nation as a gift.A. isB. hasC. areD. have77. When and where to build the new factory ____ not decided yet.A. isB. areC. hasD. have78. More than 60 percent of world’s radio programmes ____ in English.A. isB. wasC. areD. be79. Jane is one of the best students in her class who ____ by their teacher.A. are praisedB. is praisedC. praisedD. praising80. The whole class ____ the teacher attentively.A. are listening toB. is listening toC. are listeningD. is listening81. The subject of physics ____ always interested him.A. hasB. haveC. isD. were82. All of the work ____ finished and either the teacher or the students ____ enough time now.A. is, hasB. is, haveC. was, haveD. were, had83. What I saw ____ two boys running after the thief.A. isB. wasC. areD. being84. Every one of her cousins including Lane ____ brown eyes.A. haveB. have hadC. hasD. have had85. Here ____ the papers you asked for.A. isB. wasC. wereD. are86. There ____ to be many arguments on both sides.A. seemsB. isC. seemD. are87. John, together with his family, ____ flying to London.A. isB. wereC. areD. have been88. -Some of the coins in my box ____ missing.-Why, some of the money in my desk ____ missing, too.A. is, isB. is, areC. are, isD. are, are89. Half of this money ____ to you and half of the books ____ to you, too.A. belong, belong .B. belongs, belongsC. belong, belongs.D. belongs, belong90. Two thirds of these ___ finished and two thirds of this ___ finished, too.A. are, isB. is, isC. are, areD. is, are91. After the rest of the work ____ done, the rest of the students ____ home.A. was, goneB. were, wentC. were, wentD. was, went92. Ten minutes ____ more than enough time to complete this exercise.A. areB. isC. beingD. were93. One hundred and fifty pounds ____ what you should weigh.A. areB. maybeC. should beD. is94. The old in my country ____ cared for by their children.A. may beB. isC. areD. should be95. The students who ____ finished the work ____ left.A. has, haveB. have, haveC. have, hasD. has, has96. You are the one who ____ wrong that Susan is one of those people who ____ out of their way to be helpful.A. are, goesB. are, go C .is, go D. is, goes97. Only one out of five ____ present at the meeting yesterday.A. wasB. wereC. isD. are98. Seven times twenty ____ one hundred and forty.A. makesB. makingC. havingD. were99. Nobody but you ____ going to attend the meeting.A. wantB. wereC. is D maybe100.Jenny like many girls ____ to attend the meeting.A. is lovingB. lovesC. loveD. are loving101.It ____ Tom and John who ____ here yesterday.A. were, wereB. are, wereC. was, wereD. is, are102.The team ____ chosen him ____ head.A. has, theB. has, theirC. have, hisD. have, their103.None of the four boys ____ a good swimmer.A. isB. areC. have beenD. has been104.We have sold many bikes of this kind and the rest ____ on sale today.A. isB. areC. hasD. have105.The battle was over, and the wounded ____ sent to hospital and the dead ____ buried.A. was, wasB. were, wereC. is, isD. are, are106.More than one girl ____ answered the question.A. A. isB. areC. hasD. have107.My brother and sister each ____ own ideas.A. has theirB. have hisC. have theirD. has her108.Alice, together with two boys, ____ punished for having broken the rule.A. wasB. /C. wereD. have been109.An iron and steel works, with some satellite factories, ____ to be built here.A. isB. areC. wasD. were110.It ____ Jim and his wife who gave me help when I was in trouble.A. wereB. wasC. areD. is111.All that can be done ____ been done.A. isB. areC. hasD. have112.____ boy and ____ girl has got an apple.A. The, theB. Each, eachC. A, aD. The, /113.Your friend and adviser ____ agreed to lend me some money.A. isB. areC. hasD. have114.A cart and horse ____ seen coming to us.A. isB. areC. hasD. have115.____ have been burnt during the fire.A. More than one bookB. A good number booksC. Many a bookD. A great many books116.Nobody but Mary and Tom ____ late for school that day.A. isB. areC. wereD. was117.The sick ____ has been cured and the lost ____ been found.A. has, haveB. have, hasC. has, hasD. have, have118.The class ____ big. Now the class ____ practicing swimming.A. are, areB. are, isC. is, isD. is, are119.Tree fourths of the homework ____ finished today.A. has beenB. have beenC. hasD. have120.Those who ____ handed in ____ compositions, please hand them in this afternoon.A. hasn’t, hisB. haven’t, theirC. has, theirD. have, his121.Jane is one of the best students in her class who ____ by their teacher.A. is praisedB. are praisedC. praisedD. praising122.On the wall ____ two large portraits.A. hangB. hangsC. hangedD. hanging123.I, who ____ your teacher, will try my best to help you with your study.A. amB. areC. isD. be124.John has two brothers, but either ____ out of work now.A. isB. areC. hasD. have125.The police ____ searching for the murderer everywhere when he suddenly appeared in a theatre.A. isB. areC. wasD. were126.About 40 ____ of the population of that country ____ on farms.A. percent, livesB. percent, liveC. percents, liveD. percent, lives127.____ the only animal that can speak.A. Man isB. A man isC. Men areD. The man is1.is2.is/are3.is4. are5. are6. like7. are8. are9. are 10. are 11.has 12. is 13. is 14. am 15. has 16.is 17.are 18. have1．Neither Wei Hua nor Ann ____ on the team.A．is B．are C．goes D．go2．“ I think neither this shirt nor that one ____ good”he said.A．are B．is C．were D．was3．Three years ____ a short time. Y ou have to study hard.A．is B．are C．be D．were4．Each of us ____ a nice pencil-box.A．have B．has C．are having5．Those men ____ soldiers.A．an B．is C．are6．----Where is my pen, please? ----It ____ on your desk.A．is B．be C．are D．/7．Either Jim or Sam ____ going to help the farmers with the orange harvest this afternoon. A．was B．were C．is D．are8．All the food ____ ready now. Let's have a meal.A．be B．an C．is D．are9．All ____ done now.A．have B．has C．has been D．have been10．This pair of shoes ____ for my father.A．is B．are C．buy D．get11．There ____ a desk, two beds and four chairs in the roomA．is B．are C．has D．have12．Nothing but grass and trees ____ the hill.A．covers B．cover C．covering D．is covering13．The box of rubbers ____ white.A．is B．are C．be D．were14．____ he or you to come home?A．Is B．Are C．Will D．Can15．No book and no pen ____ in the bag.A．is B．are C．has D．have16．His family ____ a large one. The whole family ____ watching TV.A．is…is B．are…are C．are…is D．is…are17．Each student and each teacher ____ to see the film.A．go B．wish C．are D．wants18．None of that money on the table ____ mine.A．is B．are C．been D．were19．The mother with two children often ____ to the town.A．go B．goes C．are going D．is going20．Ten minutes ____ enough for me.A．is B．are C．am D．be21．Neither my father nor I ____ there just now.A．were B．is C．are D．was22．I think maths ____ very interesting.A．are B．is C．sound D．seem23．The writer and teacher ____ coming now.A．is B．are C．has D．have参考答案1．A．neither…nor…连接两个并列主语时，应根据“就近一致”的原则，使谓语动词的数与nor后面的词语相一致。
