Oracle ZFS存储中文白皮书--硬件部分

Oracle ZFS Storage Appliance is flexible multiprotocol enterprise storage that delivers high performance, unmatched efficiency, and superior manageability for many types of workloads. For Oracle Database business intelligence/data warehousing (BIDW) workloads, Oracle ZFS Storage Appliance provides compelling performance and availability benefits. In addition, unique Oracle hardware and software co-engineering delivers performance, manageability, and efficiency advantages unavailable from other third-party systems. Using Oracle storage with Oracle Database directly empowers database administrators (DBAs) to efficiently manage and optimize the entire stack. Furthermore, by being co-engineered with Oracle Public Cloud, Oracle ZFS Storage Appliance offers a built-in cloud gateway for on-demand access to seamlessly take advantage of cloud capacity and economics.The Correct Tools for the JobOracle Exadata is the ultimate platform for Oracle Database from a performance and availability perspective. However, if you have consolidated workloads, heterogeneous vendors to support, flexible performance or availability requirements, or stringent cost constraints, an alternate solution is sometimes required. Oracle ZFS StorageAppliance, next-generation engineered storage, is just that solution due to its unique coengineering with Oracle software. This solution delivers special integrations that simplify management, reduce risk, and drive operational efficiencies.Like Oracle Exadata, Oracle ZFS Storage Appliance supports Oracle Database’s Hybrid Columnar Compression, a feature available only with Oracle Database 11g Release 2 and higher releases, when it is used exclusively in conjunction with Oracle storage systems. With multiple compression levels suitable for query and archival workload profiles, Hybrid Columnar Compression significantly enhances storage capacity utilization efficiency in many read-intensive Oracle Database data warehousing workloads. Because Hybrid Columnar Compression moves compressed data from the host to the storage, it actually uses bandwidth more efficiently and can result in higher throughput performance. In fact, customers accelerate critical BIDW queries an average of 8x. Additionally, Hybrid Columnar Compression can be used in conjunction with the Automatic Data Optimization feature of Oracle Database 12c to dynamically manage compression and storage tiering. This pairing helps you efficiently optimize partitioning for data footprint efficiency and query response performance O R A C L E O F F E R S P R O V E NS O L U T I O N S F O R O R A C L E D A T A B A S E P R I M A R Y S T O R A G E U S I N G T H EO R A C L E Z F S S T O R A G E A P P L I A N C EF O R B I D W W O R K L O A D S.C O N N E C T W I T H U S /oracle /oracle /oracle F O R M O R E I N F O R M A T I O N Contact: 1.800.ORACLE1 without manual intervention. This feature can be further enhanced by movingnoncritical data to the cloud and taking advantage of on-demand capacities in thecloud. For more information, please see the “Automatic Data Optimization with OracleDatabase 12c ” white paper.Superior BIDW PerformanceBIDW storage workloads are generally characterized by large-block-size high-throughput reads in response to query commands. From a performance perspective,the key requirement is high bandwidth throughput as opposed to high transactionalfrequency (that is, MB/sec is a priority over IOPS). Oracle ZFS Storage Appliancecombines a scalable storage operating system, high-throughput system design, andintelligent caching to deliver superior performance for just this type of workload. Plus,with all-flash and hybrid flash/disk configurations available, Oracle ZFS StorageAppliance delivers high performance at a lower cost —enabling betterprice/performance compared to competitive systems. For large and growing BIDWworkloads, this price/performance advantage is critical. For further information, pleasesee the “Realizing the Superior Value and Performance of Oracle ZFS StorageAppliance ” white paper. High Availability and Data ProtectionAside from performance, high availability is required in many BIDW environments sothat queries can continue to be served in the event of component failures. Oracle ZFSStorage Appliance offers high availability through dual-controller configurations withcontroller failover mechanism, drive failure redundancy, and network redundancyfeatures. Furthermore, the ZFS file system performs end-to-end checksumming andself-healing to ensure data integrity and prevent silent data corruption. Please see the“Architectural Overview of the Oracle ZFS Storage Appliance ” white paper for furtherdetails. Additionally, when the Data Guard feature of Oracle Database, EnterpriseEdition, is used in conjunction with Oracle ZFS Storage Appliance, a fullysynchronous, duplicate instance of the database can be maintained on a redundantsystem. This offers you the ultimate in-system or site-level outage protection with farless performance impact than traditional storage-based synchronous replicationsolutions. Oracle has documented best practices for tuning Oracle ZFS StorageAppliance for optimal performance and for availability by ensuring that database hostsdo not time out and applications continue running with zero data loss and minimaldisruption time.One of the compelling features of Oracle ZFS Storage Appliance is the ability to tunesettings for optimal performance and efficiency in different workloads. While diskmirroring is available for high transactional performance, single-parity RAID can beemployed in many throughput-oriented BIDW workloads for performance and spaceefficiency benefits. Also, share settings, including ZFS Intent Log (ZIL) behavior andblock sizes, can be tuned for different workloads, and for different conditions. Forexample, a share that contains a data warehouse compressed by Hybrid ColumnarCompression might optimally use a different record size than a share that contains anuncompressed data warehouse, and yet another record size would be used for othershares that are transactional in nature. Thus, unlike most storage systems from otherH Y B R I D C O L U M N A R C O M P R E S S I O N , U N I Q U E L Y A V A I L A B L E W I T H T H E C O M B I N A T I O N O F O R A C L E D A T A B A S E A N D O R A C L E S T O R A G E , C A N P R O V I D E U P T O 50XC O M P R E S S I O N I ND A T AW A R E H O U S I N G E N V I R O N M E N T S. Oracle ZFS Storage Appliance offers compelling benefits in an Oracle Database primary storage environment: • High availability • High performance in both transactional and BIDW workloads • Reduced management complexity costs at a lower upfront cost • Unprecedented integration with Oracle Database, such as Oracle Intelligent Storage Protocol and Hybrid Columnar Compression • Proven best practices used in Oracle I T’s own data centersC O N N E C T W I T H U S /oracle/oracle/oracle F O R M O R E I N F O R M A T I O N Contact: 1.800.ORACLE1vendors, Oracle ZFS Storage Appliance can be optimally tuned for a variety of distinctOracle Database workloads. To eliminate the tuning and guesswork required tooptimize these share parameters, Oracle ZFS Storage Appliance has exclusivecoengineering with Oracle Database 12c to dynamically automate this as abackground process. This unique technology feature of Oracle ZFS StorageAppliance, Oracle Intelligent Storage Protocol, can reduce administrative steps to tunedatabase storage by up to 65 percent. Oracle Intelligent Storage Protocol sends hintsfrom Oracle 12c and higher databases to Oracle ZFS Storage Appliance to optimizecritical storage resources without manual intervention, and it can actually prioritize I/Oto further improve performance by reducing resource contention. This can enableconsolidation of diverse database workloads on a single appliance by managing andoptimizing based on the specific incoming database I/O. See the “Oracle IntelligentStorage Protocol ” data sheet for more information. These database-awaretechnologies such as Hybrid Columnar Compression and Oracle Intelligent StorageProtocol result in much faster Oracle Database BIDW workload performance.Simplified ManagementOracle ZFS Storage Appliance also offers integration with Oracle Enterprise ManagerCloud Control. In addition to having its own Oracle Enterprise Manager plug-inavailable for single-pane-of-glass visibility of multiple appliances, Oracle ZFS StorageAppliance provides Snap Clone (a feature of Oracle Cloud Management Pack forOracle Database) integration with Oracle Enterprise Manager 12c and above toprovide database-as-a-service (DBaaS) capabilities. This is useful because it allowsadministrators to make space-efficient thin copies of entire data warehouses throughthe Oracle Enterprise Manager interface. When they use snap cloning, the copyoperation can occur much faster and occupy far less storage capacity than other copyoptions supported by most storage vendors. Snap Clone can be used in conjunctionwith the DBaaS schema provisioning functionality for rapid, low-storage provisioning ofdata marts for targeted analytical purposes.Further information on DBaaS and Oracle ZFS Storage Appliance integration usage isavailable in the “Delivering Database as a Service (DBaaS) using Oracle EnterpriseManager 12c ” white paper. Unique with Oracle ZFS Storage Appliance, thisfunctionality also can be paired with Hybrid Columnar Compression to deliver a highlycompact primary data warehouse footprint along with near-zero-initial-size data martsextracted from that small primary data warehouse. Such a setup can result insignificant savings in terms of storage footprint as well as enhanced performanceduring provisioning.In addition to integration with Oracle Enterprise Manager, it’s also important to havegranular insight into the storage itself in order to accurately tune and troubleshoot.Oracle ZFS Storage Appliance uniquely offers detailed drill-down, even to thepluggable database level, as a result of its co-engineering with the database. Theextended statistics available with the unique Oracle Intelligent Storage Protocoltechnology allows DBAs and storage administrators to resolve problems quicker withvisibility and correlations such as the help of AWR-like statistics made available on theappliance. Better visibility into the database-storage interaction replaces guessworkwith knowledge and confidence.C O N N E C T W I T H U S /oracle /oracle/oracle F O R M O R E I N F O R M A T I O N Contact: 1.800.ORACLE1 Oracle ZFS Storage Appliance offers multiprotocol support for Oracle Database. WhenOracle ZFS Storage Appliance is used in conjunction with Oracle Database 11g andhigher releases, the preferred protocol is Oracle’s Direct NFS Client —a high-performance NFS client feature built into Oracle Database. Direct NFS Client avoidsinefficiencies inherent in many OS kernel NFS implementations and achieves FC-likeperformance but with the simplified high availability and the infrastructure andmanagement cost characteristics of an enterprise Ethernet environment. For moreabout Direct NFS Client, please see the “Oracle Database 11g Direct NFS Client ”white pape.While Direct NFS Client is typically implemented over a 10 Gb Ethernet network, 40Gb InfiniBand is a connectivity option on Oracle ZFS Storage Appliance, making IPoIBwith Direct NFS Client a high-performance connectivity option. In addition, blockprotocols including iSCSI and FC are fully supported and widely used in cases whencustomers have a management preference for LUNs.Integration with Secondary Oracle Database StorageWorkloadsOne of the main benefits of using Oracle ZFS Storage Appliance for BIDW and otherprimary storage use cases is seamless integration with other Oracle Database storageworkloads. With built- in low-footprint snapshot and cloning data services, the primarydatabase can be quickly “copied” with little space and minimal overhead requirementsto meet development, test, or QA storage needs. Also, with built-in remote replicationplus best practices for Oracle Recovery Manager (Oracle RMAN) and Data Guard,Oracle ZFS Storage Appliance offers a number of options for both disaster recoveryand for backups integrated with development and test use cases that are fullycompatible with the primary database on Oracle ZFS Storage Appliance. Bestpractices for Oracle ZFS Storage Appliance are available for all of the followingsecondary workloads:» Backup using Oracle Database and Oracle RMAN» Disaster recovery using Data Guard» Provisioning development and test workloads from production, backup, or DRdatabases, including via the Snap Management Utility for Oracle Database featureof Oracle ZFS Storage Appliance (see the data sheet for more information)» Database consolidationConclusionAs engineered storage, Oracle ZFS Storage Appliance provides unique integrationswith Oracle Database to streamline management, provide superior efficiency, andaccelerate BIDW workloads in ways that are unobtainable by other vendors.Furthermore, Oracle ZFS Storage Appliance’s unique combination of a scalablestorage operating system, high-throughput system design, intelligent caching andflexible flash/disk/cloud configurations delivers the performance and availabilitycharacteristics needed for demanding mixed workload and BIDW environments.Oracle ZFS Storage Appliance is deployed by companies worldwide and proven inOracle’s own data centers, where Ora cle ZFS Storage Appliance is used for a varietyof database storage workloads. See the white paper, “Oracle ZFS Storage ApplianceC O N N E C T W I T H U S /oracle /oracle/oracle F O R M O R E I N F O R M A T I O N Contact: 1.800.ORACLE1 and Oracle IT: Use Cases and Benefits ” for more information.With compelling performance, unique Oracle co-engineering, attractive upfront pricing,and reduced operational costs due to simplified management, Oracle ZFS StorageAppliance is the ideal fit for your Oracle Database BIDW storage requirements.。

<Insert Picture Here>更灵活，更易用-----Oracle ZFS St 更灵活 更易用 O l Storage 统一存储介绍存储需求持续大幅度成长P PBFile Based: 79.3% CAGRSource: IDCBlock based: 31% CAGR2存储需求持续大幅度成长Greater Demand For Storage Capacity And Performance2009 New Digital Data2020 New Digital Data44X Growth800 Exabytes 35,000 Exabytes•© 2010 Oracle Corporation – Proprietary and Confidential3定义存储效率(Storage Efficiency) ( g y)• 使用最低成本来进行数字数据的存放 保护及管理 使用最低成本来进行数字数据的存放、保护及管理 • 可降低数据中心的电力 散热及空间成本 可降低数据中心的电力、散热及空间成本4存储已经成为数据中心 最大的成本提高存储效率数据中心最迫切的需求• 数据存储的效率必须提高• 根据调查用户将其一份资料重复存放超过15份 • 政府法规对数据保留需求持续上升• 数据重复删除及数据压缩是关键需求• 有50%的IDC响应目前有使用数据重复删除的需求• 电力、散热及机架空间效率是不可缺少的评估要点 • 存储集中化是客户IT计划里面排名前10名的重点项目5Oracle ZFS Storage 统一存储系统重新定义统一存储系统(Unified Storage)• 同时提供文件(File)及数据块(block)服务 ( ) ( )• 只要买一套硬件，一个价格，一次提供10种数据通讯服务• 内置先进的数据服务• 集群(Clustering),远程数据复制(Replication), 快照( Snapshot),数 据复制(Cone),数据重复删除(Deduplication),数据压缩 (Compression),自动精简配置(thin provisioning),闪存(Flash), (Compression) 自动精简配置(thin provisioning) 闪存(Flash) 在 线实时分析功能( Analytics),病毒扫描(Virus scan)• 可选择不同的主机接口(interconnect)• 可同一台机器安装以太网接口(Ethernet), 光纤 (Fibre channel)及 Infiniband• 可选择的应用程序• Oracle Solaris或Linux, Windows, virtualization•66Oracle ZFS Storage g全新第二代统一存储系统•标准功能 •内含所有主流通讯协议 •7120 •7320 •内含先进的数据服务功能 •入门型l • • 入门型l •7420 •单控制器机型 支持操作系统及应用程序 •单控制器机型 •Oracle Solaris • Oracle Enterprise Linux •高扩充能力机型 •支持集群功能 •Oracle VM • VMware • Windows •Oracle数据库、 Oracle Middleware及Oracle应用程序等 支持超过50种以上的商业应用程序 •7720 • 新的产品特点 •高密度存储机型 •密度及容量:可集中化存储容量最大可达1PB •支持集群功能 •闪存容量倍增: 最大可达4TB读取闪存及432GB写入闪存 •更多的运算能力: 每个控制器最大可达32个核,效能比前一代提升50%•77完整的存储功能下列功能皆包含在ZFS Storage上-不需额外付费购买 Storage上 不需额外付费购买数据通讯协义• Fibre Channel • iSCSI • Infiniband over IP/RDMA • iSER • SRP • NFS v3 and v4 • CIFS • HTTPNew! • WebDAV数据服务数据管理• FTP • ZFS NDMP v4• Browser and CLI Interface • Single, Double & Triple Parity RAID (RAIDZ, Z2, Z3) • Management Dashboard • Mi Mirroring & Triple Mirroring i T i l Mi i • Hardware/component view • Hybrid Storage Pool • Role-based Access Control • End-to-End Data Integrity • Remote Replication • Phone Home • Snapshots and Clones • Event and Threshold based • Quota(s) Alerting • In-line Dedup • Dtrace Analytics • Compression • Scripting • Thin Provisioning • Antivirus via ICAP Protocol • Workflow Automation • Online Data Migration New!Advanced Networking • • Clustering g •DFS Standalone New! Namespace •Source Aware Routing•Oracle Internal and Confidential8内置先进的存储技术提供更高的使用效率进一步让存储系统更有效率 • 内置重复数据删除技术(in-line, Deduplication) • 降低整体数据存放的存储空间 • 内置数据压缩(Compression) • 整合重复数据删除技术让空间使用更加有效率 • 内置存储自动精简配置(Thin-provisioning) • 能够有效的满足客户端容量需求并优化存储系统的空间使用率 • 内置混合存储池架构(Hybrid Storage Pools, HSPs) • 整合内存,闪存及大容量硬盘科技降低电力及机架空间的需求 • 内置多样先进的数据保护功能(D 内置多样先进的数据保护功能(Data P Protection capabilities) i bili i ) • 快照+数据远程复制,允许3块数据盘故障的RAID-Z3等先进数据 保护功能9Oracle先进的重复数据删除技术让使用存储 空间上更有效率• 实时重复数据删除:当数据产生时就进行重复数据删除操作 实时重复数据删除 当数据产生时就进行重复数据删除操作• 当友商存储系统使用重复数据删除操作时，必须是采用列表(Schedule)方式并于背景模 式(POST)下运作,会大幅降低存储效能 • Sun ZFS存储系统因为有强大的运算处理器及内存可以实时进行重复数据删除功能• Oracle重复数据删除使用256-bit的检查更严谨• ZFS存储系统的重复数据技术采用256位同位检查(256-bit checksum)比起竞争友商的 重复数据技术只采用16位同位检查(16 bit 重复数据技术只采用16位同位检查(16-bit checksum)更加严谨• Oracle重复数据删除可以于更大的文件系统上运作• ZFS存储系统的数据重复删除技术可以在单一576TB的文件系统上运作，比竞争友商的 存储系统的数据重复删除技术只能在单一16TB的文件系统上运作更有效率• Oracle采用数据块(Block-level)进行重复数据比对• 数据块比文件的重复数据删除技术对于虚拟主机的使用环境上更有效率10内置ZFS数据压缩功能驱动更高的效率及效能• 内置ZFS压缩功能• 减少整体磁盘使用空间• 客户实际使用各种不同非结构化数据的应用程序验证,确实可以大幅度减少整体磁盘使用空间 • 一般情况下有2倍压缩率 (或50%空间减少)• 减少整体数据量,提高有效输出带宽(Throughput)• 不仅是节省存储空间,还提升了存储系统效能 • 数据压缩功能启动时可以让数据快速读写,减少存取(I/O)频率• 可以与数据重复删除功能一起使用有加倍的效果• 提供无与伦比的硬件处理能力11•玛拉基.麦凯布 玛拉基 麦凯布 •(Malachi McCabe) •经理 Signature Styles • 信息管理部门 •Signature Styles Signature “我们看到于ZFS统一存储系统可以对公司内的非结构化数据提供多达 我们看到于ZFS统 存储系统可以对公司内的非结构化数据提供多达 73%的数据压缩比例”12ZFS混合存储池于存储集中化的环境下提供效能且帮助客户省钱• ZFS混合存储池可以智能判断数据使用状况及自动 在内存,闪存及磁盘之间迁移 • 不断优化存储系统性能和效率–优化 $/GB/s及 $/IOP 效能 • 管理单一混合存储池是非常简单的•内存 •(DRAM) •写入用 闪存(ZIL)•读取闪存 (L2ARC)“我最感兴趣的是，混合存储池提供不亚于内存等级 的速度（或称接近内存等级的效能)来存取Oracle 能 数据库内的数据。

存储技术白皮书目录第1章网络存储主要技术 (8)1.1概述 (8)1.2 DAS：直接附加存储 (8)1.3 SAN：存储区域网络 (9)1.3.1什么是SAN？ (10)1.3.2 SAN的误区 (10)1.3.3 SAN的组成 (10)1.3.4 FC SAN的问题 (11)1.3.5 IP SAN (12)1.4 NAS：网络附加存储 (14)1.5 SAN和NAS (15)第2章主要协议和相关技术 (16)2.1 SCSI (16)2.2 FC（光纤通道） (17)2.3 iSCSI (19)2.4 iSCSI与光纤通道的比较 (20)第3章文件系统相关知识 (22)3.1什么是文件系统 (22)3.2主流文件系统和特点 (23)3.3 NFS和CIFS网络文件系统工作原理和特点 (27)3.4存储系统与文件系统的关系 (28)第4章RAID技术 (29)4.1 RAID概述 (29)4.2 RAID级别 (29)4.2.1 RAID0 (30)4.2.2 RAID1 (31)4.2.3 RAID2 (32)4.2.4 RAID3 (32)4.2.5 RAID4 (33)4.2.6 RAID5 (33)4.2.7 RAID6 (34)4.2.8 RAID10 (35)4.2.9 RAID01 (36)4.2.10 JBOD (37)4.3不同RAID级别对比 (38)第5章主机系统高可用技术 (41)5.1概述 (41)5.1.1双机热备份方式 (43)5.1.2双机互备份方式 (49)5.1.3群集并发存取方式 (51)5.2工作模式 (53)5.2.1双机热备份方式 (53)5.2.2双机互备方式 (54)5.2.3群集并发存取方式 (54)5.3适用场合 (54)5.4对存储系统的要求 (55)第6章数据一致性 (58)6.1数据一致性概述 (58)6.2 Cache引起的数据一致性问题 (58)6.3时间不同步引起的数据一致性问题 (60)6.4文件共享中的数据一致性问题 (60)第7章数据复制与容灾 (61)7.1灾难恢复/业务连续性 (61)7.2数据备份系统 (65)7.2.1数据备份 (66)7.2.2数据复制 (68)7.3数据一致性 (71)7.4总结 (73)第8章备份技术 (73)8.1什么是备份 (73)8.2备份与拷贝、归档的区别 (74)8.3常规备份的实现方式 (74)8.4 LAN Free和Serverless备份 (76)8.5主流备份软件和介质 (77)8.6备份技术新趋势 (83)9.1 HBA卡介绍 (86)9.1.1 FC HBA相关知识： (86)9.1.2主要HBA卡厂商 (87)9.1.3 iSCSI HBA相关知识： (87)9.1.4 iSCSI HBA和TOE网卡主要厂商 (88)9.2 FC连接设备介绍 (88)9.2.1 FC HUB相关知识： (88)9.2.2 FC Switch相关知识： (89)9.2.3 FC Director相关知识： (89)9.2.4 iSCSI-FC存储路由器 (89)9.2.5 FC Switch和FC Director主要厂商 (90)第10章信息生命周期 (90)10.1什么是信息生命周期 (90)10.2信息生命周期的实现 (91)10.3实现ILM的技术保障和面临的挑战 (92)10.4信息生命周期管理现状 (92)10.5法规遵从与信息生命周期管理 (93)10.6与信息生命周期相关的存储技术 (93)10.6.1固定内容管理： (93)10.6.2 WORM： (94)10.7怎样看待信息生命周期管理 (94)11.1 SMI－S (95)11.2 CDP（持续数据保护） (96)11.3虚拟存储 (96)11.4网格计算 (97)11.5高性能计算 (97)11.6负载均衡 (98)第12章常见主机及操作系统 (99)12.1主机架构及操作系统概述 (99)12.1.1主机架构 (99)12.1.2操作系统 (99)12.1.3操作系统比较 (100)12.2常见主机厂商及常见产品介绍 (100)12.2.1 IBM： (100)12.2.2 SUN： (101)12.2.3 Fujitsu: (102)12.2.4 HP: (103)12.3操作系统应用特点 (105)第13章常见数据库及应用系统 (105)13.1数据库厂商介绍 (105)13.1.1 Oracle (106)13.1.2 DB2 (111)13.1.3 Sybase (114)13.1.4 MS SQL Server (116)第1章网络存储主要技术1.1 概述存储系统是整个IT系统的基石，是IT技术赖以存在和发挥效能的基础平台。

Oracle 技术白皮书通过Oracle Database 12c 存储优化提升性能并降低成本对于许多组织，每年购买新存储硬件的情况没有减慢的迹象。

用户和部门对更多信息和数据的需要似乎永不满足，因此很多IT 组织被迫不断添加更多的存储。

法规要求也正在改变保留数据的方式和理由，因为组织需要更长时间存储更多的信息。

然而，存储开支持续不断的这种方法与现实中的预算限制相冲突，更不用说数据增长对响应时间和应用程序性能的影响了。

研究证实了这一事实。

在最近对Oracle 用户组成员进行的一项调查中，近40% 的调查对象表示，降低成本是实施分层存储的主要原因。

但是，即使有了合适的存储和压缩功能，决定应将数据存储于何处以及何时将其从某层迁移到另一层仍是一个重大的难题。

这便是为何有远见的IT 组织采用高级战略来通过创新型数据库技术管理数据增长，通过创新型数据库技术，可自动执行压缩和存储分层，同时提高数据库性能。

Oracle Database 12c 提供了一组丰富的功能和数据库选件，它们可优化数据库存储以降低持续增加存储这一需求，它们还可以一起工作来帮助您实施信息生命周期管理(ILM) 解决方案，以满足不断增加的数据存储需求和新的数据保留和保护法规要求。

本白皮书详细介绍了用于针对Oracle 负载优化数据库存储以及可用于实施Oracle 数据库ILM 解决方案的主要特性。

ORACLE DATABASE 12C 存储优化技术数据库存储优化对几乎每个组织而言都是一项关键的工作。

简单地增加更多磁盘存储这种传统方法越来越难以自圆其说，成本不再是唯一的问题。

借助Oracle Database 12c 的存储优化，IT 部门可以使用一组独特的技术来管理数据增长的影响，这些技术一起使用，可提供信息生命周期管理的有效方法。

数据分区分区技术支持分层存储，从而可将数据保存在最经济高效的存储中，以提高资源利用率。

⏹Oracle Partitioning 选件使用 Oracle Partitioning 选件，可以将大型数据库表和索引细分成更小的对象，从而在更细的粒度级别对它们进行管理以提高数据访问性能。

Oracle ZFS Storage ZS7-2 Getting Started GuideE93300-04November 2022Contents1 Oracle ZFS Storage ZS7-2controller2 Two power cords3 Slide rail kit4 Cable management arm5 One 6-meter Ethernet cable (black)6 Three 2.5-meter Ethernet cables (black, yellow, green)7 Up to eight (mid-rangemodel) or up to sixteen (high-end model) 3-meter or 6-meter active optical SAS cables (blue). Length andquantity per customer request,and sold separately.Front Panel Components1 RFID tag2 System status LED: Locator (white)3 System status LED: Service Action Required (amber)4 System status LED:Power/OK (green)5 Power button6 Fan service action required (amber)7 Power Supply (PS) service action required (amber)8 Over-temperature warning (amber)9 Service Processor (SP) OK (green)10 Do Not Service indicator 11 System disk 012 System disk 113 Filler panel 14 Filler panel 15 Filler panel 16 Filler panel 17 Filler panel 18 Filler panel 19 Filler panel 20 Filler panel21 Filler panel22 Filler panelBack Panel Components1 Power Supply Unit (PSU) 12 PSU 1 status indicators (topto bottom):•Attention (amber)•Power/OK (green)3 PSU 04 PSU 0 status indicators (topto bottom):•Attention (amber)•Power/OK (green)5 Fifth PCIe option (slot 1)6 External SAS-3 HBA (slot2)7 Slot 3:•High-end model: ExternalSAS-3 HBA•Mid-range model: Fillerpanel8 First PCIe option (slot 4)9 Third PCIe option (slot 5)10 Cluster interface card (slot 6)11 Serial management (SERMGT) RJ-45 serial port12 Service Processor (SP)NET MGT port13 Network (NET)100/1000BASE-T RJ-45 Gigabit Ethernet (GbE) port: NET 014 USB 3.0 port15 System status LEDs:•Locate (white) - left•Attention (amber) - right,top•Power/OK (green) - right,bottom16 Fourth PCIe option (slot 7)17 Second PCIe option (slot8)18 Slot 9:•High-end model: External SAS-3 HBA•Mid-range model: Filler panel19 External SAS-3 HBA (slot 10)20 Internal SAS-3 HBA (slot 11)Install the HardwareFor detailed information, see the Oracle ZFS Storage Appliance Installation Guide available from https:///en/storage.Connect System CablesFor detailed information, see the Oracle ZFS Storage Appliance Installation Guide available from https:///en/storage. If you have clustered controllers, connect the cables to both controllers. Do not connect power cables to the controllers or disk shelves until instructed to do so in "Power On and Configure the System." The following illustration shows an Oracle ZFS Storage ZS7-2 high-end model.Connect Clustered ControllersIf you have clustered controllers, connect the two controllers together. For detailed information, see the Oracle ZFS Storage Appliance Cabling Guide available from https:///en/storage.Connect Disk ShelvesThe following illustration shows clustered controllers connected to an Oracle Storage Drive Enclosure DE3-24P (left panel), and connected to four Oracle Storage Drive Enclosure DE3-24x disk shelves (right panel). For additional configuration options, see Oracle ZFS Storage Appliance Cabling Guide available from https:///en/storage. Do not connect power cables to disk shelves or controllers until instructed to do so in "Power On and Configure the System."The following procedure connects an AOC cable to the controller and to an Oracle Storage Drive Enclosure DE3-24P disk shelf. For additional information, see Oracle ZFS Storage Appliance Cabling Guide available from https:///en/ storage.1.Facing the controller HBA, position the cable's release tab to the right (left panel)for the controller end, and to the top for the disk shelf end (#1 in right panel).2.Insert the cable connectors into the appropriate ports, aligning the cable connectorlatches (#2 in right panel) with the port latch receiver holes (#3 in right panel).Ensure the latches engage with the receiver holes.Power On and Configure the SystemRequired information: Network host name and port of your serial connection, or network management port DHCP-assigned address. Connect disk shelf power cables, power on disk shelves, connect controller power cables, power on controllers, and configure the system as described in the Oracle ZFS Storage Appliance Installation Guide available from https:///en/storage.Perform Initial ConfigurationFor detailed information, see the Oracle ZFS Storage Appliance Installation Guide available from https:///en/storage, including properly configuring management interfaces and updating controller software.Product Documentation LibraryDocumentation for this product is available in the storage section of the Oracle Help Center, located at https:///en/storage.Access to Oracle SupportOracle customers that have purchased support have access to electronic support through My Oracle Support. For information, visit /pls/topic/ lookup?ctx=acc&id=info or visit /pls/topic/lookup?ctx=acc&id=trs if you are hearing impaired.FeedbackProvide feedback on this document at /goto/docfeedback.Oracle ZFS Storage ZS7-2 Getting Started GuideE93300-04Copyright © 2018, 2022, Oracle and/or its affiliates.This software and related documentation are provided under a license agreement containing restrictions on use and disclosure and are protected by intellectual property laws. Except as expressly permitted in your license agreement or allowed by law, you may not use, copy, reproduce, translate, broadcast, modify, license, transmit, distribute, exhibit, perform, publish, or display any part, in any form, or by any means. Reverse engineering, disassembly, or decompilation of this software, unless required by law for interoperability, is prohibited.The information contained herein is subject to change without notice and is not warranted to be error-free. 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difficult by the significant failure rate of backup and recovery. According to industry reports one out of every seven backups and one out of every six recoveries fail. Without reliable data protection and processes, mission-critical data is at risk.Oracle ZFS Storage ZS3-BA is a tested, validated, and supported backup appliance specifically tuned for Oracle engineered systems' backup and recovery. It comes pre-racked,The Upgrade Advantage Program (UAP) is a trade-in program that offers up-front trade-in discounts on new Oracle systems for the trade-in of older Oracle/Sun and Competitors' eligible systems. Oracle also provides free return shipping and free state-of-the-art recycling of the old system including the disposal of hazardous waste.For more information about UAP go to:/us/products/servers-storage/upgrade-advantage-program/index.htmlContact UsFor more information about Oracle ZFS Storage ZS3-BA, visit or call +1.800.ORACLE1 to speak to an Oracle representative.Copyright © 2014, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. This document is provided for information purposes only, and the contents hereof are subject to change without notice. This document is not warranted to be error-free, nor subject to any other warranties or conditions, whether expressed orally or implied in law, including implied warrantiesand conditions of merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose. We specifically disclaim any liability with respect to this document, and no contractual obligations are formedeither directly or indirectly by this document. This document may not be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, for any purpose, withoutour prior written permission.Oracle and Java are registered trademarks of Oracle and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners.Intel and Intel Xeon are trademarks or registered trademarks of Intel Corporation. All SPARC trademarks are used under license and are trademarks or registered trademarks ofSPARC International, Inc. AMD, Opteron, the AMD logo, and the AMD Opteron logo are trademarks or registered trademarks of Advanced Micro Devices. UNIX is a registeredtrademark of The Open Group. 0113。

硬件白皮书NTFS文件系统规范关键字：Windows NT NTFS 文件系统NTFS作为Microsoft Windows NT®操作系统的标配文件系统克服了FAT/FAT32文件系统的大量缺点；同时又随着Microsoft Windows 2000®、Microsoft Windows XP操作系统的推广得到越来越广泛的应用。

和FAT/FAT32文件系统相比，NTFS文件系统主要有以下优点。

2GB）•支持大容量存储单元（最大支持46•内建数据压缩支持•支持事务日志文件•加强数据安全目录目录 (1)基本数据类型 (3)MFT文件记录 (3)更新序列号 (3)虚拟簇号 (4)逻辑簇号 (4)数据流描述 (4)文件属性记录 (6)属性记录头 (6)STANDARD_INFORMATION (0x10 常驻属性len=0x30,0x48) (8)ATTRIBUTE_LIST (0x20 len > 26) (9)FILE_NAME (0x30 常驻属性len = 68~578)) (10)VOLUME_VERSION (0x40 NT) (11)OBJECT_ID (0x40 2K) (11)SECRUITY_DESCRIPTOR (0x50 ) (11)VOLUME_NAME (0x60) (12)VOLUME_INFORMA TION (0x70 len = 0x0c ) (12)DA TA (0x80) (12)INDEX_ROOT (0x90) (13)索引块头(16 bytes) (13)索引项（目录项） (14)INDEX_ALLOCATION (0xA0大目录使用) (14)IA索引块(INDEX_ALLOCATION指向的外部索引区) (14)BITMAP （0xB0 MFT文件或外部索引块使用） (15)SYMBOL_LINK (0xC0 NT) (15)REPARSE_POINT (0xC0 2K) (15)EA_INFORMATION (0xD0 ) (15)EA (0xE0 ) (16)PROPERTY_SET (0xF0 NT) (16)LOGGED_UNTILITY_STREAM (0x100 2K) (16)系统文件 (16)$MFT (17)未命名数据流格式 (18)$MFTMirr (18)未命名数据流格式 (18)$LogFile (18)$V olume (18)未命名数据流格式 (19)$AttrDef (19)未命名数据流格式 (19)整理规则 (19)$AttrDef Flags (19). (Root Directory) (20)$MountMgrDatabase 数据流 (20)$Bitmap (20)$Boot (20)引导扇区与BPB (21)$BadClus (22)$Secure (22)$SDS 数据流 (22)$SDH Index (23)$SII Index (23)$UpCase (23)未命名数据流格式 (24)$Extend (24)$ObjId (24)$ObjId:$O (24)$Quota (25)$Quota:$O (25)$Quota:$Q (25)$Quota flags (26)$Reparse (26)$Reparse:$R (26)$UsnJrnl (27)$UsnJrnl:$J (27)$UsnJrnl reason flags (27)$UsnJrnl source info flags (29)$UsnJrnl:$Max (29)NTFS卷初始化 (29)分区结尾与备份主引导扇区 (29)目录结构 (30)基本数据类型MFT文件记录文件记录是$MFT文件的基本组成部分，卷中的所有文件都由至少一个文件记录来描述，对于使用多个文件记录的文件，其第一个文件记录叫基本文件记录，其余的叫做扩展文件记录。

Oracle 白皮书2011 年 10 月Oracle 数据库机引言Oracle 数据库机是集硬件和软件于一体的新系统。

它简化了高可用性数据库解决方案的部署、维护和支持，为客户节省了时间和金钱。

它使用全球应用最广的新一代数据库 Oracle Database 11g 以及 Oracle Real Applications Clusters (Oracle RAC) 来构建，为客户提供了在一个机箱内集成了软件、服务器、存储与网络的系统，为各种自行开发和打包的 OLTP 及数据仓储负载提供高可用性。

Oracle 数据库机还为客户提供独特的“按需购买”软件许可功能，客户无需升级硬件即可从 2 个处理器内核无缝扩展到 24 个处理器内核。

它以 4 机架 (RU) 服务器系统形式推出，由 2 个服务器节点和 12TB 原始存储容量组成，运行 Oracle Linux 和 Oracle Database 11g 第 2 版。

其中所有的软硬件组件均由 Oracle 提供，因此客户可以得益于简化的单一供应商支持。

Oracle 数据库机采用集成设计、可协同工作的硬件和软件组件，是集成在一个机箱内的高可用性数据库解决方案。

它具有以下特点：●简单●可靠●经济实惠对于注重简单性以及在部署高度可用的数据库解决方案时力求避免复杂性、成本和风险的客户而言，Oracle 数据库机是理想之选。

现在，客户无需掌握专业技能或 HA 专业知识，就可以利用高可用性 (HA) 数据库解决方案。

部署高度可用的数据库系统面临的挑战运行于数据库服务器集群上的高可用性数据库系统实施起来非常复杂，往往需要专门的系统管理、数据库管理和存储管理技能。

但是，许多 IT 组织并不具备这些技能。

他们认为，如果不掌握必要的专业知识就实施这些解决方案，其带来的风险甚至会超过预期收益。

相反，大型 IT 组织可能具备这些技能，但往往用来实施最为任务关键的高可用性应用程序，而忽视了不太重要的数据库应用程序。

Oracle 数据库方案白皮书使用 Oracle Database 降低 IT成本目录引言 (1)硬件成本降至原来的1/5 (2)性能提高10 倍 (5)存储成本降至原来的1/10 (7)最高可用性 (10)最大程度提高安全性 (13)DBA 和开发人员工作效率翻番 (14)简化软件组合 (17)用四分之一的时间即可实现商业价值 (18)总结 (20)引言随着业务运营变得更为复杂，对IT 变更的需求也相应增加，同时还必须减轻相关风险。

这就要求如今的IT 专业人员管理更多信息，将这些信息及时提供给用户，并且不断提高服务质量。

在当今的经济形势下，IT 还被赋予了减少预算、从现有投资中获取更大价值的任务。

Oracle Database 11g 第 2 版是获奖的Oracle Database 11g 的第二个版本，是IT 专业人员成功提供更高质量信息、更高效利用IT 预算以及降低数据中心变更风险的基础。

通过将Oracle Database 11g 第2 版部署为数据管理基础，组织可以充分利用这个全球领先数据库的强大功能实现以下目标：•服务器成本降至原来的1/5，•存储需求降至原来的1/10，•任务关键系统性能提高10 倍，•DBA 和开发人员工作效率翻番，•消除数据中心的空闲冗余，以及•简化整体IT 软件组合。

本白皮书介绍Oracle Database 11g 第 2 版的主要功能，这些功能可以帮助IT 专业人员以前所未有的高服务质量和低成本成功提供更多信息。

硬件成本降至原来的1/5“我们的平台由大型机转移到Oracle Real Application Clusters 后，每年可以节省500 多万美元。

”Eugene Park，平台服务高级总监PG&E通过整合降低硬件成本为了满足各种业务需求，大部分数据中心所使用的硬件和软件随着时间的推移都已变得杂乱无章。

数据中心通常由不同的服务器和存储孤岛组成，还包括将所有内容集成在一起的复杂软件组合。

ORACLE数据库高级安全功能白皮书ORACLE ADVANCED SECURITY具备加密和数据编辑特性，实现隐私与合规性加密特性∙对数据库列或整个表空间中的应用程序数据加密∙内置加密密钥生命周期管理，配有辅助的密钥轮换∙行业标准算法，包括AES（128、192 和256 位密钥）∙Intel® AES-NI 和Oracle SPARC T系列提供硬件加速∙Oracle Exadata 集成，与Oracle RMAN、ASM、RAC、Advanced Compression、Active Data Guard 和GoldenGate 等数据库技术直接集成编辑特性∙动态编辑，限制应用程序中敏感信息的暴露∙声明式编辑策略，在数据库中集中管理∙多类编辑转换，适用于不同的应用场景∙使用Oracle Enterprise Manager 进行策略管理，与Oracle SQL Developer 直接集成客户收益∙在当前和原有应用程序中保持透明且一致的数据安全性∙高速实现∙易于部署和管理∙完全支持Oracle Multitenant 选件Oracle Database 12c 中包含的Oracle Advanced Security 提供业界领先的加密和数据编辑功能，对于保护敏感应用程序数据至关重要。

透明数据加密和数据编辑有助于防止未经授权的用户访问应用程序层、操作系统、备份介质和数据库导出中的敏感信息。

Oracle Advanced Security 完全支持Oracle Multitenant 选件，并与Oracle 工程化系统相集成，从而实现无与伦比的性能。

Oracle Advanced Security 概述保护数据需要使用一种纵深防御的方法，其中包括预防、检测和管理控制。

Oracle Advanced Security 预防控制可帮助满足众多的法规要求、防止数据泄露以及保护隐私相关信息。