武汉大学硕士英语课本单词带音标

考研英语大纲词汇（带音标和例句）超全版本（字母B）（275个单词）例句基本选自《牛津英语词典》，个别出自《朗文词典》等。

370.baby ['beibi] n.婴儿；年龄最小的人；小动物 a.婴儿似的Stop crying! Don't be such a baby.371.bachelor ['bætʃələ] n.单身汉;(亦作B-)学士(学位)Many would regard him, I think, as an eligible bachelor.372.back [bæk] a.后面的 ad.向后 v.倒退；支持 n.背；后面Do you sleep on your back or your stomach?373.background ['bækɡraund] "n.背景,经历；幕后"The job would suit someone with a business background.374.backward ['bækwəd] "a.向后的,倒行的;迟钝的 ad.向后,朝反方向"She strode past him without a backward glance.375.bacon ['beikən] "n.咸猪肉,熏猪肉"Jim ate the last piece of bacon and moved the bed tray from his lap.His friends had all gone to college or were bringing home the bacon.376.bacterium [bæk'tiəriəm] n.(pl.)bacteria 细菌The spots can become infected with bacteria.377.bad [bæd] a.坏的；低劣的；不舒服的；腐败的；严重的Smoking gives you bad breath.378.badge ['bædʒ] "n.徽章,像章；标记；象征；记号"All employees have to wear name badges.379.badly ['bædli]ad.非常，严重地；坏地，差地，拙劣地The building is badly in need of repair.380.badminton ['bædmintən] n.羽毛球I know it was only the badminton club doubles competition.381.bag [bæɡ] n.袋，提包 v.把…装入袋中；猎杀；占有She ate a bag of chips.382.baggage ['bæɡidʒ] n.行李She was carrying a lot of emotional baggage.383.bait [beit] n.饵，引诱物 vt.用饵引诱；折磨，奚落The fish took the bait.384.bake [beik] "v.烤,烘,焙;烧硬,焙干"I'm baking a birthday cake for Alex.385.balance ['bæləns] "v.称,(使)平衡 n.天平;平衡,均衡;差额,余款" Tourists often disturb the delicate balance of nature on the island. 386.balcony ['bælkəni] n.阳台；(电影院等的)楼厅，楼座You can get out onto a balcony from an upstairs room.387.bald [bɔ:ld] "a.秃的,秃头的"He started going bald in his twenties.388.ball [bɔ:l] n.球(状物);(正式的)舞会vt.把…捏成球状Some animals roll themselves into a ball for protection.389.ballet "['bælei, bæ'lei]"n.芭蕾舞，芭蕾舞剧；芭蕾舞团She wants to be a ballet dancer.390.balloon [bə'lu:n] "n.气球,飞船；a.气球状的 v.乘坐气球；膨胀"A thousand balloons were released to mark the event.391.ballot ['bælət] n.(不记名)投票；投票总数；投票权 vi.投票The chairperson is chosen by secret ballot.392.ban [bæn]"v.取缔,查禁;(from)禁止 n.禁止,禁令"He was banned from the meeting.393.banana "[bə'nɑ:nə, -'næ-]" n.香蕉She picked me a bunch of bananas.394.band [bænd] "n.条,带;乐队;波段;一群,一伙 v.缚,绑扎"She's a singer with a band.Many insects are banded with black and yellow.395.bandage ['bændidʒ] n.绷带 v.用绷带扎缚Don't bandage the wound too tightly.396.bang [bæŋ] "n.砰砰的声音;猛击 v.砰地关上,猛撞,猛击"She banged on the door angrily.The baby was banging the table with his spoon.397.bank [bæŋk] "n.银行；岸,堤；vi.存入(经营)银行；信赖"My salary is paid directly into my bank.398.bankrupt ['bæŋkrʌpt] a.破产的；彻底缺乏的 vt.使破产n.破产者The company was declared bankrupt by the court.399.banner ['bænə] n.旗(帜)A huge banner over the street said “Welcome home”.400.banquet ['bæŋkwit] n.(正式的)宴会 vi.参加宴会 vt.宴情A state banquet was held in honour of the visiting president. 401.bar [bɑ:] "n.条,杆,闩;酒吧;栅,障碍(物) v.闩上,阻拦"We met at a bar called the Flamingo.402.barbecue ['bɑ:bikju:] n.烤肉；烤肉用的台架 vt.炙烤(肉等)Let's have a barbecue!403.barber ['bɑ:bə] n.理发师 vt.为…理发修整 vi.当理发师My barber Albert wouldn't have known where to stop cutting.404.bare [bεə] "a.赤裸的,空的;稀少的,仅有的 v.露出,暴露"She likes to walk around in bare feet.405.barely ['bεəli] "ad.赤裸裸地,无遮蔽地;仅仅,勉强,几乎没有"The music was barely audible.406.bargain ['bɑ:ɡin] "n.廉价货;交易,契约,合同 v.议价,成交"The car was a bargain at that price.407.bark [bɑ:k] vi.(狗等)吠，叫n.吠声，叫声；树皮The bark peels off in summer.408.barn [bɑ:n] "n.谷仓,仓库 vt.把…贮存入仓"They live in a big barn of a house.409.barrel ['bærəl] "n.桶;枪管,炮管"Oil prices fell to $9 a barrel.410.barren ['bærən] a.贫瘠的；不育的；(植物)不结果的；无用的The team will come through this barren patch and start to win again. 411.barrier ['bæriə] "n.栅栏,屏障;障碍(物) vt.把…关入栅栏"The crowd had to stand behind barriers.Show your ticket at the barrier.412.base [beis] "n.基础,底部;根据地 v.(on)把…基于"The lamp has a heavy base.413.baseball ['beisbɔ:l] n.棒球He taught New York baseball fans a good deal of inside baseball. 414.basement ['beismənt] "n.建筑物的底部,地下室,地窖"Kitchen goods are sold in the basement.415.basic ['beisik] "a.基本的,基础的"My knowledge of French is pretty basic.416.basin ['beisən] "n.盆,脸盆;内海,盆地"He washed his hands in the basin.417.basis ['beisis] "n.基础,根据"Some movies have been banned on the basis that they are too violent.418.basket "['bɑ:ski t, 'bæs-]" n.筐，篮，篓I applied for seven jobs. I don't want to put all my eggs in one basket.419.basketball "['bɑ:skitbɔ:l, 'bæs-]" n.篮球，篮球运动The games will be played on the basketball courts.420.bat [bæt]"n.球拍,球棒,短棒;蝙蝠"Who had the most at-bats last season?421.batch [bætʃ] "n.一批,一组,一群"We deliver the goods in batches.422.bath [bɑ:θ/bæθ] "n.沐浴,洗澡;浴室(池,盆) v.(给…)洗澡"I think I'll take a bath and go to bed.423.bathe [beið] "v.游泳,洗澡,浸,弄湿"Have you bathed the baby yet?424.bathroom ['bɑ:θrum] "n.浴室;盥洗室,卫生间"I have to go to the bathroom (= use the toilet).425.battery ['bætəri] n.电池(组)；(器具等的)一组，一套；炮兵连The battery is dead (= it is no longer producing electricity).426.battle ['bætl]"n.战役,战斗;斗争 v.战斗,斗争,搏斗"He was prepared to do battle with his boss over his promotion.427.bay [bei] "n.海湾,(港)湾"The east shore of the bay had no airport landing strip, no railhead, no long-distance bus terminal.428.be "[强bi:, 弱bi]" v.(就)是，等于；(存)在；到达，来到，发生Be quick!429.beach [bi:tʃ] "n.海滩,湖滩,河滩"She often spent summer days at the beach.430.beam [bi:m] "n.(横)梁,桁条;(光线的)束,柱 v.微笑"The cottage had exposed oak beams.431.bean [bi:n] "n.豆;菜豆,蚕豆"I'll have a burrito with beans and rice.432.bear [bεə] "n.熊 v.忍受,容忍;负担;结果实,生子女"I can't bear you doing that.433.beard [biəd] n.胡须He has decided to grow a beard and a mustache.434.bearing ['bεəriŋ] n.轴承；忍受；关系，影响；举止；方向Recent events had no bearing on our decision.435.beast [bi:st] "n.兽,牲畜;凶残的人,举止粗鲁的人"The math exam was a real beast.436.beat [bi:t] n.敲打;(心脏等)跳动 v.打败;(心脏等)跳动Their recent wins have proved they're still the ones to beat (= the most difficult team to beat).437.beautiful ['bju:tiful] a.美的，美丽的；出色的，完美的What a beautiful thing to say!438.beauty ['bju:ti] n.美，美丽；美人，美丽的事物She had been a beauty in her day.439.because [bi'kɔz] conj.因为，由于I did it because he told me to.440.become [bi'kʌm] vi.变成，开始变得vt.适合，同…相称The bill will become law next year.441.bed [bed] "n.床,床位；(苗)床,坛；河床，(湖、海的)底"She lay on the bed (= on top of the covers).He lay in bed (= under the covers).I'm tired—I'm going to bed.442.bee [bi:] n.蜂，蜜蜂；忙碌的人Bees were buzzing in the clover.443.beef [bi:f] n.牛肉What's his latest beef?444.beer [biə] n.啤酒Are you a beer drinker?445.before [bi'fɔ:] "prep.(指时间)在…以前,在..前面，在..之前"She's lived there since before the war.446.beforehand [bi'fɔ:hænd]"ad.预先,事先"I wish we'd known about it beforehand.447.beg [beɡ] vt.请求，乞求 vi.恳请，行乞They begged him for help.448.begin [bi'ɡin] "v.(began,begun)开始，着手"We began work on the project in May.449.beginning [bi'ɡiniŋ] n.开始，开端；起源，早期阶段We're going to Japan at the beginning of July.450.behalf [bi'hɑ:f] n.利益We collected money in behalf of the homeless.451.behave [bi'heiv] "v.举止,举动,表现;运转,开动"The doctor behaved very unprofessionally.452.behavior [bi'heivjə] "n.(behaviour)行为,举止；(机器等)运转情况"His behaviour towards her was becoming more and more aggressive.453.behind [bi'haind] prep.在...的背后，(遗留)在..后面；落后于Stay close behind me.454.being ['bi:ŋ] "n.生物，生命,存在；"The Irish Free State came into being in 1922.455.belief [bi'li:f] n.信任，相信，信念；信仰，信条I admire his passionate belief in what he is doing.456.believe [bi'li:v] vt.相信，认为 vi.相信，信任，信奉I find that hard to believe.457.bell [bel] "n.钟,铃"A peal of church bells rang out in the distance.458.belly ['beli] n.肚子，腹部；(像肚子一样)鼓起的部分，膛They crawled along on their bellies.459.belong [bi'lɔŋ] "v.(to)属于,附属,隶属;应归入(类别,范畴等)"The islands belong to Spain.Are you sure these documents belong together?460.beloved "[bi'lʌvid, -'lʌvd]" "a./n.受爱戴的,敬爱的;爱人,被心爱的人" She was beloved by all who knew her.It was a gift from her beloved.461.below [bi'ləu] prep.在…下面，在…以下 ad.在下面，向下They live on the floor below.462.belt [belt] "n.(皮)带,腰带;地带"Around his waist he wore a belt.463.bench [bentʃ] "n.长凳,条凳;(工作)台,座"His lawyer turned to address the bench.464.bend [bend] "v.(使)弯曲;屈从,屈服 n.弯曲(处),曲折处"He bent his head and kissed her.465.beneath [bi'ni:θ] "prep.在…下边,在…之下 ad.在下方"They found the body buried beneath a pile of leaves.466.beneficial "[,beni'fiʃəl]" "a.(to)有利的,有益的"A good diet is beneficial to health.467.benefit ['benifit] "n.利益,好处,恩惠 v.有益于;(from,by)受益"I've had the benefit of a good education.The company derived substantial benefit from the deal.They would benefit by reducing their labour costs.468.benign [bi'nain] "a.(病)良性的,(气候)良好的,仁慈的,和蔼的"You would never have guessed his intentions from the benign expression on his face.469.beside [bi'said] prep.在...旁边，在...附近；和...相比My painting looks childish beside yours.470.besides [bi'saidz] ad.此外；并且 prep.于…之外；除…以外We have lots of things in common besides music.471.best [best] a.最好的(good和well最高级) ad.最好地；最She was one of the best tennis players of her generation.472.bet [bet] "v.赌,打赌 n.打赌,赌注"I wouldn't bet on them winning the next election.473.betray [bi'trei] "v.背叛,出卖;暴露,流露,泄露"For years they had been betraying state secrets to Russia.474.better [betə] a.较好的 ad.更好(地) v.改良 n.较佳者We're hoping for better weather tomorrow.475.between [bi'twi:n] prep.在…之间，在(两者)之间 ad.在中间Q comes between P and R in the English alphabet.476.beverage ['bevəridʒ] n.(水，酒等之外的)饮料Studies on the consumption of various alcoholic beverages have been conducted. 477.beware [bi'wεə] "v.当心,谨防"It's a great place for swimming, but beware dangerous currents.478.bewilder [bi'wildə] "v.使迷惑,难住"She was totally bewildered by his sudden change of mood.479.beyond [bi'jɔnd] prep.在(或向)...的那边，远于；超出；Our success was far beyond what we thought possible.480.bias ['baiəs] "n./v.(使有)偏见,偏心,偏袒"Some institutions still have a strong bias against women.481.Bible n.圣经482.bibliography "[,bibli'ɔɡrəfi]" n.(有关某一专题的)书目；参考书目There is a useful bibliography at the end of each chapter.483.bicycle ['baisikl] n.(bike)自行车 vi.骑自行车He got on his bicycle and rode off.484.bid [bid] "v.祝愿;命令,吩咐;报价,投标 n.出众,投标"I bid £2 000 for the painting.485.big [biɡ] a.大的；重要的；宽宏大量的；大受欢迎的The news came as a big blow.486.bill [bil] "n.账单;招贴,广告;(人员,职称等的)表;钞票"He is facing a huge tax bill.487.billion ['biljən] "num./n.(美)十亿,(英)万亿"Worldwide sales reached 2.5 billion.488.bin [bin] n.(贮藏食物等用的)箱子Put the bottles in the recycling bin.489.bind [baind] "v.捆,绑,包括,束缚"She was bound to a chair.490.biography [bai'ɔɡrəfi] n.传记；传记文学The book gives potted biographies of all the major painters.491.biology [bai'ɔlədʒi] n.生物学She's a professor of biology at Stanford.492.bird [bə:d] n.鸟，雀；女人；嘘声The birds migrate in September.493.birth [bɑ:θ] n.出生，诞生；出身，血统；起源；出现Please state your date and place of birth.494.birthday ['bə:θdei]n.生日；(成方)纪念日She celebrated her 21st birthday with a party for family and friends. 495.biscuit ['biskit] "n.饼干,点心"We were offered a cup of tea and some biscuits.496.bit [bit] "n.一点,一些;小块,少量;片刻; [计]位,比特"I was a bit disappointed by the film.497.bite [bait] "v./n.咬,叮 n.一口"Come here! I won't bite! (= you don't need to be afraid)498.bitter ['bitə] "a.(有)苦(味)的;痛苦的,厉害的"Black coffee leaves a bitter taste in the mouth.arre [bi'zɑ:] adj.异乎寻常的，稀奇古怪的It's a pretty bizarre film.500.black [blæk] a.黑(色)的；黑暗的 n.黑(色)；黑暗；黑人She had curly black hair and hazel eyes.501.blackboard ['blækbɔ:d] n.黑板Please copy the homework from the blackboard.502.blackmail ['blækmeil]n.讹诈，敲诈，勒索；胁迫，恫吓We can’t let them practise this emotional blackmail on us.503.blade [bleid] n.刀刃，刀片；桨叶；草叶，叶片Not a blade of grass stirred.504.blame ['bleim] "v.责备;怪,把…归咎于 n.责任,过错;责备" She doesn't blame anyone for her father's death.505.blank [blæŋk] "a.空白的,空着的;失色的 n.空白;表格"She turned to a blank page in her notebook.506.blanket ['blæŋkit] n.毯子(可数)；厚厚一层(可数) vt.铺上一层It’s cold tonight—can I have another blanket?507.blast "['baiəu,blæst]"n.一阵(风);爆炸冲击波;管乐器声 v.爆炸The blast ripped through the building.A blast of hot air hit us as we stepped off the plane.508.blaze [bleiz] "n.火焰;火光;闪光,光辉 v.燃烧,冒火焰" Within minutes the whole building was blazing.509.bleak [bli:k] a.荒凉的;冷酷的;没有希望的The future looks bleak for the fishing industry.510.bleed [bli:d] "vt.使出血，榨取vi.出血,流血"She slowly bled to death.511.blend [blend] "n.混合(物) v.混和,混杂"Blend the flour with the milk to make a smooth paste.512.bless [bles] "v.祝福,保佑"God bless you!514.blind [blaind] a.盲的，瞎的；盲目的 vt.使失明 n.百叶窗She went blind at the age of ten.515.block [blɔk] "n.大块木（石）料;街区;障碍物 v.阻塞,拦阻"The houses are made of concrete blocks with tin roofs.516.blood [blʌd] n.血液，血；血统，血亲；血气He lost a lot of blood in the accident.517.bloody ['blʌdi] "a.流血的,血腥的"Don't be such a bloody fool.518.bloom [blu:m] n.花(朵);开花(期) v.开花The plant produced a single white bloom.519.blossom ['blɔsəm] n.花(簇)；花期；青春 vi.开花；展开；繁荣The trees are in blossom.520.blouse [blauz] n.女衬衣，短上衣，宽阔的罩衫The blouse shaped her very nicely, he thought.521.blow [bləu] "vi.吹，吹气，打气；吹奏；爆炸；n.打,打击"You're not blowing hard enough!522.blue [blu:] "a.蓝色的;青灰色的；沮丧的,阴郁的 n.蓝色"She wanted to dye her hair blue.523.blueprint ['blu:print] n.蓝图，设计图，计划 vt.制成蓝图，计划DNA carries the genetic blueprint which tells any organism how to build itself. 524.blunder ['blʌndə] v.(因无知等而)犯大错;踉踉跄跄地走 n.大错The government had blundered in its handling of the affair.525.blunt [blʌnt] a.率直的;钝的 v.(使)钝;(使)迟钝This pencil's blunt!526.blur [blə:] n.模糊不清的事物；污点 vt.使模糊；玷污His arm was a rapid blur of movement as he struck.527.blush [blʌʃ] v./n.脸红She blushed furiously at the memory of the conversation.528.board [bɔ:d] "n.板,木板;全体委员;伙食 v.上船(车,飞机)"She noticed a loose board in the fence.529.boast [bəust] "v.(of,about)自夸,夸耀 n.自夸,大话"She is always boasting about how wonderful her children are.530.boat [bəut] "n.小船,艇"You can take a boat trip along the coast.531.body ['bɔdi] "n.身体,本体;主体;尸体;物体;(一)群,批,堆"The human body is a complex structure.532.boil [bɔil] "v.(使)沸腾,煮(沸)"The water was bubbling and boiling away.533.bold [bəuld] "a.大胆的,勇敢的;冒失的;黑体的,粗体的"It was a bold move on their part to open a business in France.534.bolt [bəult] "n.螺栓,(门,窗的)插销 v.闩(门),关窗,拴住"He slid back the bolt on the door.535.bomb [bɔm] "n.炸弹 v.投弹于,轰炸"Hundreds of bombs were dropped on the city.536.bond [bɔnd] "n.结合(物),粘结(剂),联结;公债,债券,契约"A bond of friendship had been forged between them.537.bone [bəun] n.骨(骼)He survived the accident with no broken bones.538.bonus ['bəunəs] "n.奖金,红利"What is actually paid will depend on the bonus payments made at the end of the policy.539.book [buk] n.书，书籍 vt.订(票，座位，房间等)，预定His desk was covered with piles of books.540.boom [bu:m] "v.迅速发展,兴旺;发出隆隆声"Living standards improved rapidly during the post-war boom.541.boost [bu:st] n./ vt.提升；增加；抬高（价格）；支援；The movie helped boost her screen career.542.boot [bu:t] n.靴；(汽车后部的)行李箱；[the-]解雇She wore black knee-high boots.543.booth "[bu:ð, bu:θ]" "n.电话亭,货摊"The stalls and booths were doing a brisk trade.544.border ['bɔ:də] "n.边界,国界;边(沿) v.交界,与…接壤;接近" Thousands of illegal immigrants cross the border every day.545.bore [bɔ:] "v.钻(孔),挖(洞);烦扰 n.讨厌的人,麻烦事"Has he been boring you with his stories about his trip?546.born [bɔ:n] a.出生的，产生的；天生的，十足的He was born in a small village in northern Spain.547.borrow ['bɔrəu] vt.借，借入；(思想、文字等)采用，抄袭Can I borrow your umbrella?548.bosom ['buzəm] n.胸，胸部，乳房，胸怀；内心；a.亲密的，知心的She pressed him to her bosom.549.boss [bɔs] n.老板，上司 vt.指挥，控制，发号施令I'm sick of you bossing me around!550.both [bəuθ]prep.两者(都)，双方(都） adj.两个..(都)Both women were French.Both the women were French.Both of the women were French.551.bother ['bɔðə] vt.打扰，麻烦 vi.担心，烦恼 n.烦恼，焦急If that’s all the thanks I get, I won’t bother in future!552.bottle ['bɔtl] n.瓶(子) v.装瓶He threw his message in a bottle into the North Sea.553.bottom ['bɔtəm] "n.底(部);基础,根基;海底,湖底,河床"Footnotes are given at the bottom of each page.554.bounce [bauns] "n./vi.(球)弹起,弹回；弹起,跳起；n.弹力"The ball bounced twice before he could reach it.555.bound [baund] v./n.跳(跃) a.被束缚的，一定的；n.（pl）界限It's bound to be sunny again tomorrow.I am afraid your behaviour was beyond the bounds of decency.556.boundary ['baundəri] "n.分界线,边界"Scientists continue to push back the boundaries of human knowledge. 557.bow [bəu] "v./n.鞠躬,点头 n.弓(形);蝴蝶结"He bowed low to the assembled crowd.558.bowel ['bauəl] n.肠；［pl.］内部，深处Patients are asked to report any change in bowel habit.A rumble came from the bowels of the earth (= deep underground). 559.bowl [bəul] "n.碗(状物),钵"Sieve the flour into a bowl.560.bowling ['bəuliŋ] n.保龄球运动Let's go bowling on Saturday.561.box [bɔks] n.盒，箱；包厢 v.把…装箱；拳击，打耳光He boxed for Ireland in the Olympics.562.boy [bɔi] n.男孩子，儿子；男性服务员They have two boys and a girl.563.boycott ['bɔikɔt] "n./v.(联合)抵制,拒绝参与"We are asking people to boycott goods from companies that use child labour. 564.brace [breis] "v.使防备;支撑;使(手,足,肩等)绷紧 n.托架"My daughter has to wear a brace on her teeth.565.bracket ['brækit]n.(方)括号Add the numbers in brackets first.566.brain [brein] "n.(大)脑,骨髓;(pl.)脑力,智能"My tired brain couldn't cope with such a complex problem.567.brake [breik] "v./n.制动(器),闸,刹车"High interest rates are a brake on the economy.568.branch "[brɑ:ntʃ, bræntʃ]" "n.(树)条,分支;分店;(学科)分科,部门;支流" She climbed the tree and hid in the branches.569.brand [brænd]"n.商标,标记,牌子 v.使铭记;打火印,打烙印"How can we build our brand?570.brandy ['brændi]n.白兰地酒Do you drink brandy?571.brass "[brɑ:s, bræs]""n.黄铜,铜器"A brass plate beside the door said 'Dr Alan Tate'.572.brave [breiv] a.勇敢的 v.勇敢地面对(危险等)I wasn't brave enough to tell her what I thought of her.573.breach [bri:tʃ] n.违反，不履行；破裂 vt.冲破，攻破They are in breach of Article 119.574.bread [bred] n.面包Would you like some bread with your soup?575.breadth [bredθ] "n.宽度,幅"She estimated the breadth of the lake to be 500 metres.576.break [breik] vt.打破；中止；违反 vi.破(裂) n.休息时间My watch has broken.577.breakdown ['breikdaun] n.崩溃；衰竭；(关系、计划或讨论等的)中断Most breakdown services give priority to women travelling alone. 578.breakfast ['brekfəst] n.早餐 v.(给某人)吃早餐They were having breakfast when I arrived.579.breast [brest] "n.胸膛,乳房"She put the baby to her breast.580.breath [breθ] "n.呼吸,气息"She was very short of breath (= had difficulty breathing).581.breathe [bri:ð]"v.呼吸,吸入"He breathed deeply before speaking again.582.breed [bri:d] "v.(使)繁殖,生殖;产生;教养,抚养 n.品种"Many animals breed only at certain times of the year.583.breeze [bri:z] n.微风；轻而易举的事 vi.来去匆匆，急速走The flowers were gently swaying in the breeze.584.bribe [braib] "n.贿赂 v.向…行贿,买通"It was alleged that he had taken bribes while in office.585.brick [brik] n.砖块，砖；v.用砖围砌，用砖填补The school is built of brick.586.bride [braid] n.新娘The bride wore an elegant gown of ivory satin.He introduced his new bride.587.bridge [bridʒ] n.桥；桥牌；鼻梁 vt.架桥；渡过We crossed the bridge over the River Windrush.588.brief [bri:f] "a.简短的,简洁的 v.简短介绍,简要汇报"He said nothing during the brief court appearance.589.briefcase ['bri:fkeis] n.手提箱，公事皮包He wore a torn suit and carried a battered briefcase.590.bright [brait] "a.明亮的,辉煌的;聪明的;欢快的,美好的"Her eyes were bright with tears.591.brilliant ['briljənt] "a.光辉的,灿烂的;卓越的,有才华的"What a brilliant idea!592.brim [brim] "n.边缘,帽沿"She felt suddenly alive and full to the brim with enthusiasm.593.bring [briŋ] v.拿来，带来；产生，引起；使处于某种状态Don't forget to bring your books with you.594.brisk [brisk] a.轻快的;生气勃勃的;兴隆的We went for a brisk walk before lunch.595.brittle ['britl] a.易碎的；脆弱的；冷淡的；(声音)尖利的The paint was brittle with age.596.broad [brɔ:d] "a.宽的,广阔的;广大的;宽宏的,豁达的"He's got broad shoulders.597.broadcast "['brɔ:dkɑ:st, -kæst]"v./n.广播(节目)The concert will be broadcast live (= at the same time as it takes place) tomorrow evening.598.brochure ['bruʃə] n.小册子Send for a free colour brochure today!599.bronze [brɔnz] n.青铜；青铜色，古铜色；青铜制品，铜牌She got a bronze in the long jump.600.brook [brʊk] n.小溪vt.[常用于否定句或疑问句]容忍The road goes over a small brook.She would brook no criticism of her son.601.broom [bru:m] n.扫帚Grab a broom and let’s clean up.602.brother ['brʌðə] n.兄弟;同胞;教友We're brothers.603.brow [brau] n.眉(毛);额The nurse mopped his fevered brow.604.brown [braun] "n./a.褐色(的),棕色(的)"Henry has short light brown hair and green eyes.605.browse [brauz] vi.随意翻阅，浏览；(牛、羊等)吃草The gift shop is well worth a browse.606.bruise [bru:z] n.青肿，挫伤；伤痕vt.打青；挫伤His legs were covered in bruises.607.brush [brʌʃ] "n.刷(子),毛刷;画笔 v.刷,擦,掸,拂;掠过"A tiled floor is easy to brush clean.608.brutal ['bru:təl] a.残忍的;严峻的;严酷的With brutal honesty she told him she did not love him.609.bubble ['bʌbl] "n.泡,水泡,气泡 v.冒泡,起泡,沸腾"He blew bubbles into the water through a straw.610.bucket ['bʌkit] "n.水桶,吊桶"They were playing on the beach with their buckets and spades.611.bud [bʌd] "n.芽,花苞 v.发芽,含苞欲放"The tree is in bud already.612.budget ['bʌdʒit] n.预算 v.做预算Many families struggle to balance the household budget.613.buffet ['bʌfit] n.自助餐Dinner will be a cold buffet, not a sit-down meal.614.bug [bʌɡ] n.臭虫;小毛病;窃听器 v.窃听There's a stomach bug going round (= people are catching it from each other). 615.build [bild] vt.建造，建筑；建设，建立 vi.增大，增强We build computer systems for large companies.616.building ['bildiŋ] n.建筑(物)，房屋，大楼 [同]structureHousing is limited and most people live in high-rise apartment buildings. 617.bulb [bʌlb] "n.灯泡,球状物"The stairwell was lit by a single bulb.618.bulk [bʌlk] "n.体积,容积;主体,大批,大量,大块"The bulk of the population lives in cities.619.bull [bul] n.公牛A bull is a male animal of the cow family.620.bullet ['bulit] "n.子弹,枪弹"He was found to have a single bullet wound in his chest.621.bulletin ['bulitin] "n.公报,公告,告示"The story led the television news bulletins that evening.622.bully ['buli] n.恃强欺弱者，小流氓 vt.威胁，欺侮Leave him alone, you big bully!623.bump [bʌmp] "v.(against,into)碰;颠簸着前进 n.碰撞"The car bumped against the kerb.624.bunch ['bʌntʃ] "n.(一)簇,束,捆,串"She picked me a bunch of flowers.625.bundle ['bʌndl] "n.捆,包,束"She held her little bundle (= her baby) tightly in her arms.626.burden ['bə:dən] n.担子，重担，负担 vt.给予负担或麻烦I don't want to become a burden to my children when I'm old.627.bureau ['bjuərəu] "n.署,局,司,处"She works for an employment bureau.628.bureaucracy [bjuə'rɔkrəsi] n.官僚主义，官僚机构；(非民选的)委任官员We need to reduce paperwork and bureaucracy in the company.629.burglar ['bə:ɡlə] n.(入室行窃的)盗贼Burglars broke into the gallery and stole dozens of priceless paintings.630.burn [bə:n] v.燃烧，烧着；烧毁；灼伤 n.烧伤，灼伤A welcoming fire was burning in the fireplace.631.burst [bə:st] "v.爆裂,炸破;突然发生 n.突然破裂,爆发"That balloon will burst if you blow it up any more.632.bury ['beri] "v.埋(葬),安葬;埋藏,遮盖"He was buried in Highgate Cemetery.633.bus [bʌs] n.公共汽车，总线，信息通路Many students board the school bus before 7 a.m.634.bush [bʊʃ] n.灌木(丛)She was hiding in the bushes at the side of the lane.635.business ['biznis] "n.商业,生意;事务,业务,职责"It's been a pleasure to do business with you.636.busy ['bizi] a.忙，忙碌的；热闹的，繁忙的；(电话)占线I'll be too busy to come to the meeting.637.but "[强 bʌt, 弱 bət, bʌt]" conj.但是 prep.除...以外 ad.只，才，仅仅His mother won't be there, but his father might.638.butcher ['butʃə] "n.屠夫,卖肉者"He owns the butcher's in the main street.639.butter ['bʌtə] "n.黄油,奶油 v.涂黄油于…上"Fry the onions in butter.640.butterfly ['bʌtəflai] n.蝴蝶She's like a butterfly. She flits in and out of people's lives.641.button ['bʌtən] "n.纽扣,按钮(开关) v.扣紧;扣上纽扣"One of the buttons on his jacket was missing.642.buy [bai] vt.买，买得；向…行贿，收买vi.购买东西He can't be bought (= he's too honest to accept money in this way).643.by [bai] prep.被；凭借；经由；由于ad.在近旁；经过May I pay by credit card?644.bypass "['baipɑ:s,-pæs]"n.(by-pass)旁道；vt.绕过A new road now bypasses the town.。

WORDS：Unit1(be) fraught with充满着不愉快的事情，有着风险、担心e.g. Globalization is a trend ~ both positives and negatives.stumbling block n.障碍物，绊脚石e.g. The United States and Japan should not make the ~ preventing the development of the relations between the EU and China.cement vt.巩固,加强; 粘牢;在…上抹水泥;（用水泥、胶等）粘结，胶合e.g. T o ~ a new friendship, especially between foreigners or persons of a different social world, a spark with which both were secretly charged must fly from person to person, and cut across the accidents of place and time. façade n.①<建>(房屋的)正面 e.g. The church is said to have its ~ unfinished, though the interior may be in use.②假象;外观;表面 e.g. Demolishing its nearly brand-new the newly selected President in his hometown is another case of irresponsible ~ construction. ritual n.①(宗教等的)仪式 e.g. Ritual has been an integral part of human life in every civilization and every historical era, and the ~s of all cultures have common characteristics.②例行公事, 老规矩 e.g. My household chores have become a morning ~.ethnocentric adj.种族〔民族、集团〕优越感的,民族中心的e.g. People are almost always ~ to some degree, because we grow up and learn what is right and wrong, true and false, normal and abnormal, and so forth, we naturally learn to view the world as our own culture views it.lull vt.抚慰,哄; 使放松;使镇静e.g. T o ~ suspicion and fear in the woman victims, the murder pretended to be a drunken man to induce the women to make advances to him before he committed his crime.tenacity n.固执;坚持,顽强,不屈不挠; 坚韧,韧性; (记忆等的)保持力e.g. T enacity is where individuals cling to their beliefs, and refuse to entertain counter-evidence to their beliefs.connotation n.含义;隐含意义; 言外之意;内含e.g. International speakers of English often say “clever,” when intelligence would be a better word. Intelligence is neutral, an intelligent being can be good, bad or whatever. On the other hand, “clever” can have the ~ of plotting, scheming or trickery; it is a characteristic associated with cunning or mischievousness.inflection n.变音，转调e.g.The violin has a poor inflection这把小提琴的音调不准e.g. The inflection of a particular verb某一特定动词的变形refreshment n.茶点,点心；(精力的)恢复,精神爽快e.g. After the dancing, you will be offered some ~ later in addition to the Wedding Breakfast.spatial n.空间的, 立体空间的, 三维空间的e.g. New computer-based technologies are continually transforming communicative praxis and communicative space, and Internet now serves as a communication medium and its ~ dimensions as communicative tools. preconception n.①事先形成的观点或思想e.g. Western teachers must realize that the western ~ of how people learn is not necessarily how Chinese learners learn.②偏见e.g. Through understanding from the point of view of another culture, you can make your own judgment about that culture with as little cultural ~ as possible.stereotype n.老套, 模式化的见解, 有老一套固定想法的人e.g. Although ~s can be positive as well as negative, they are, in everyday usage, most often understood as irrationally based negative attitudes about certain social groups and their members.inscrutable adj.晦涩的,不可理解的;谜一样的e.g. If you’re negotiating with Japanese, Chinese or Indonesian prospects, an ~ smile is used to communicate far more than pleasure. It’s a form of polite behavior, which masks anything from sincere enjoyment to menace.preferential adj.优先的, 优惠的, 特惠的,优待的e.g. China drafts stricter controls and ~ treatment on foreign software, and can India replace America in Chinese requirement of software engineering? prone adj.易于…的,很可能…的; 俯卧的; 有做…倾向的,易于遭受…的e.g. a child prone to mischief爱恶作剧的小孩; failure-prone倾向于失败的ambiguity n.歧义,意义不明确；模棱两可的意思；模棱两可的话,含糊话e.g. I suppose, in some scene, it’s our ability to understand language ~ that makes us human.truism n.自明之理, 老生常谈e.g. It is probably a ~ to say that we live in the knowledge age; the generation, communication and transfer of knowledge has always been the core mission of universities.deterrent n.使别人恐惧或困惑的)制止物,阻碍物e.g. The Democratic People’s Republic of Korea, which says it deserves nuclear weapons for self-defense, vowed Monday to strengthen its ~ against US if the United States holds on to a “hostile” policy on their country. arousal n.觉醒,激励e.g. The purpose of art is the ~ of emotions.deplete vt.使大大的减少;耗尽,用光; 使空虚e.g. The country’s one-child policy will ~s its future workforce, and has contributed to the breaking up of traditional networks of support and caring for the elderly.recuperation n.恢复e.g. She lives in impoverished circumstances and is coming to England for rest and ~ for the first time.permeate vt.弥漫, 遍布,散布,渗透,扩散；渗入,渗透e.g. An atmosphere of distrust has ~ed this administration.scrutiny n.细看, 细查; 监视e.g. The Centre for Public Scrutiny has launched a self-evaluation framework for the overview and ~ function in local government, and it has a belief of “better ~ for better government.”dyad=diad n.对,双,成对物;二价元素;二分体,一对染色体e.g. Parent-child ~ art therapy is a new and innovative method of art therapy, in which parent and child share the production of an artwork.screen out vt.筛选出e.g. Many employers like to use pre-employment tests as a way to ~ applicants who are not suitable for the job.circumvent vt.设法克服或避免(某事物);回避e.g. South Africa’s exchange controls can be ~ed and are viewed negatively by both foreign investors and businessmen, the president told on Friday. detachment n. 超脱；冷淡的,不关心的；拆卸,分离,分开e.g. In British culture open displays of emotion, positive or negative are rare and should be avoided. During meetings, this means your British colleagues will approach business with an air of formality and ~.UNIT 3integration n.结合；整合；一体化e.g. Many experts are calling for the ~of Information T echnology activities into school curriculum.analogy n.类比；比拟；比喻e.g. The operation of a computer presents an interesting ~ to the working of the brain.therapy n.治疗，疗法e.g. The quarterback is undergoing treatment for a knee injury. He tried every treatment the doctors suggested and found the heat ~ gave the best relief.smoothie n.圆滑的人;善于讨好女人的男人;果汁，加奶（或冰淇凌）果汁casserole n.焙盘，砂锅；焙盘菜，砂锅菜e.g.Who made this ~ of chicken?fluid adj.流体的, 流动的;易变的, 不固定的; (动作、设计、音乐) 流畅优美的e.g. a ~ situation fraught with uncertaintyinadvertently adv.漫不经心地，疏忽的；无意的，不经意的e.g. He ~ deleted the reference.duress n.威胁，逼迫e.g. The agreements made with the landlords during the time of slavery, are only the effects of ~ and force.sabotage v.阴谋破坏（某事物）e.g. The Resistance ~d railroad operations during the war.culinary adj.厨房的，烹饪的；食物的e.g. a~ vessel; the ~ art；The superb ~ technique make people exclaim. delectable adj.令人愉快的，令人喜爱的e.g. What ~ food you cook!backfire v.发生意外, 产生事与愿违的后果; (内燃机等)发生逆火, 发生回火；(枪炮)向后爆发e.g. Your comments may ~ and cause you a lot of trouble.cardinal adj.最重要的，最主要的e.g. a ~ rule; the ~ cause of the problem.standoffish adj.冷淡的，冷漠的e.g. a ~ manner；Mary only seems ~; once you get to know her, she is nice.endearment n.表示爱慕的话语，亲热的表示e.g. Her first ~s twining round the soul.intrusion n.闯入、侵入，打扰；(对某事的)干扰,，干涉，扰乱，侵犯e.g. Why this ~? Were not my orders that I should be private?sibling n.兄，弟，姐，妹e.g.A ~ or spouse may fulfill this role.pester v.使烦恼，使纠缠e.g. A multitude of scribblers daily ~ the world. whine v.哀号，哀怨，诉怨e.g.She spoke with a ~.sobering adj.使清净的，使冷静的e.g. The news had a ~ effect.steer v.驾驶, 掌舵；操纵；控制；引导；(船、汽车等) 行驶e.g. The teacher ~ ed the gifted students towards the more challenging courses.Unit4warrant vt.使有必要,使正当,使恰当;保证, 担保e.g. The textile ~ed to be pure cotton turned out to be synthetic fabrics.symptomatic adj.征兆的,症候的,有症状的;根据症状的e.g. A rise in crime is ~ of social breakdown.distortion n.扭曲;变形;失真,歪曲e.g. The technician discovered a new way to compose aluminum alloys that are more resistant to wear and ~.retard vt.使减速;妨碍;阻止; 推迟,延迟; <机>使(点火)延迟e.g. Gap in educational investment across regions will ~ the national economic development as a whole.infrastructure n.基础设施,基础结构,基础建设;行政机构;【军事】永久性军事设施，永久性基地;(支持并进行颠覆或其他非法活动的)秘密机构;【建筑学】基础；下面结构e.g. The development of national ~ will be sped up if its officials at all levels become more conscious of its significance in economic growth.thwart vt.阻挠; 阻止, 对…构成阻力;使受挫折;挫败;<旧>横过,穿越e.g. She was ~ed in her attempt to take over the firm handed down by her father due to strong interference by her family.optimize vt.使最优化,使尽可能有效e.g. The core of economics is to ~ resources available ,namely to get the biggest output with the least resources.portfolio n.投资组合;（公司或机构提供的）系列产品，系列服务; 有价证券组合e.g. The more diversified the investments in a ~ , the more likely the investor is to earn the same return in the market.aggregate adj.总数的；总计的e.g. The ~ sales in the markets vary with the change of seasons.vestige n.残余部分,遗迹,痕迹; 毫不,一点也不;退化的器官;退化器官的痕迹e.g. The objection to opening up work market is a ~ of planned economy.constraint n.强制; 限制, 约束2. 强制, 强迫e.g. The agreement claims that trade in the open market of North America should never be under ~ ,but it does not always work.ration vt.限量供应; 配给供应e.g. Food, clothing and other daily necessities were ~ed in China’s planned economy.subsidy n.补贴, 津贴, 补助金e.g. Housing ~ies are granted to poor families by the municipal government, which is an important aspect in the welfare system.externality n.外在性, 外在化, 客观性;外形, 外表,外部事物;（经济学名词）外部效应e.g. It is nature that decides one’s temperament for ~ies such as parentage, childhood experiences exert limited influences.subsidize vt.给…津贴或补贴; 资助或补助…e.g. Some traditional Chinese arts are in difficulty because of financialshortage. If they are not heavily ~d with special funds, some will be extinct sooner or later.entail vt.使…成为必要, 需要;限定继承;使必需,使蒙受,使承担,遗传给e.g. The investment in real estate ~ed a high risk, however, a lot of people refused to give it up.unleash vt.把(感情、力量等)释放出来, 发泄e.g. The government’s proposal to strengthen content supervision ~ed a storm of protest in the press.revenue n.收入, 收益; 财政收入, 税收; [复数]总收入; 收入来源; 税务局e.g. Advertising ~ finances the commercial television channels.disparity n.尤指因不公正对待引起的）不同，不等，差异，悬殊e.g. Many international organizations are involved in narrowing the economic ~ among regions and industries instead of aiming at economic profits.bid up vi&vt.在拍卖中哄抬物价e.g. Speculative demand has ~ the price of wheat in international trade.perpetuate vt.使永存;使人记住不忘;使不朽;vi&vt.使永久化;使持久化e.g. This irrigation system in Dujiangyan has ~ed itself for several centuries.offset vt.抵消,补偿; (为了比较的目的而)把…并列(或并置)，衬托出;为(管道等)装支管 e.g. Their wage increases would be ~ by higher prices.equity n.公平, 公正;〈律〉衡平法;普通股;（公司的）股本,资产净值;公道，合理，正当; 公平合理(或公正)的事;公正裁决,公正行为;【商业】剩余美元价值e.g. Freedom of speech is the basic human right in a society where justice and ~ prevail.quadruple vi&vt. (使)成四倍e.g. The college has been ~ed in size and enrollment.asset n. 资产, 财产; 有价值的人或物; 优点, 长处; (有交换价值的)所有物(或占有物)，(单项)财产;情报提供者，可以用于情报活动的人才(或机关) ;遗产，可偿债的资产，在死者继承人(或指定的遗嘱执行人)手里足以偿债和遗赠的遗产;(商店、破产者等的)财产;e.g. After fifteen year’s primitive accumulation his ~s now include shares in a transcontinental company and a villa in Italy.UNIT5synergy n.协同,配合,企业合并后的协力优势或协合作用e.g. And I saw the tragic consequences to other flights and individuals when one element or another of that important ~ broke down.alleviation n.减轻,缓解,缓和;镇痛物e.g. The central meaning shared by these adjectives is “marked or motivated by concern with the ~ of suffering.afforestation n.造林,造林地区e.g. Both forest management and ~ are responsible for direct and indirect environmental change.peter v.渐渐枯竭〔消失〕;逐渐减少；逐渐减弱；慢慢消失e.g. That hot-spot eruption lasted some 2 million years before ~ out to a more modest flow.undervalue vt.对(某人或某事物)评价过低; 低估(某人或某事物)e.g. She felt that the company ~d her work.inheritance n.继承物, 遗产,继承2. 遗传特征；遗产e.g. He spent all his ~ in less than a year.collateral①n.附属担保品e.g. People put up their homes as ~ in order to raise the money to invest in the scheme.[syn]security保护，防护；保安措施e.g. The prison was ordered to tighten ~ after a prisoner escaped yesterday.②adj.相关的;旁系的;附属的,次要的,第二位的,副的;并行的,并联的,平行的e.g. There may be ~ benefits to the scheme.migration n.迁移；移居；迁徙e.g. Wars always cause great ~s of people.hygiene n.卫生学, 保健学e.g. A healthy lifestyle includes having a nutritious diet and good personal.caloric adj.热量(的)①relating to heat e.g. the ~ effect of sunlight②relating to calories e.g. the ~ content of foodwaterborne adj.水上的,水运的e.g. The crew had been busy running cargo and vehicles on a ~~ Main Supply Route until just after midnight.prolapse n.下垂,脱垂e.g.~ of uterusuterus n.子宫e.g. Uterus normally pear-sized, the ~ grows up to five times its usual size in pregnancy.urinary adj.尿的,尿样的;泌尿的,泌尿器的e.g. Administration of 5 units of aqueous vasopressin subcutaneously should maximally stimulate ~ concentration.schistosomiasis n.血吸虫病e.g.the prevention and cure of ~infest v.害虫、野兽大批出没于;遍布于e.g. A warehouse ~ed with rats; The kitchen was ~ed with cockroaches.cholera n.霍乱e.g. Asiatic ~, a new enteric disease, provided the spur to action. intestinal adj.肠的e.g. the ~ wall; ~ bacteriaparasite n.①寄生生物,寄生虫，寄生植物e.g. Most government employeeshad become ~, expecting to retain their positions through friendship or political favor.②寄生虫,依赖他人过活者,靠他人为生的人 e.g. It will probably resist extermination, however, since, unlike its ~, it frequents shallow water.toxin n.毒素e.g. And we note this with sadness, because in functioning organizations these ~ need never become potent enough to taint performance.dioxin n.二氧(杂)芑e.g. And why is it that evil movie fishermen always dump ~ into the ocean?incineration n.焚化、烧成灰e.g.~ of municipal refuse;sludge ~vector n. 传病媒介,带菌者;<数,物> 矢量,向量;航向,航线;引导,动力e.g. Mosquitoes are feared as ~ of malaria.exacerbate v.使恶化，使加重e.g. Howe’s unkind remarks have ~ racial tensions in the community.fetus n.胎儿，胎e.g. Incidentally it changes its composition considerably between the ~ and the adult.stillbirth n.死产，死胎e.g. Danger, suspense, pregnancy, ~, and nuclear dangers combine in this story set in a small rural town.intrauterine adj.子宫内的retardation n.延迟e.g. mental ~；A condition of slowness or ~confound v.使惊惶;弄糊涂；搞乱，混淆(意念等)；击败, 挫败；使困惑惊讶，使惊疑；证明…有错 e.g. His amazing recovery ~ed the medical specialists.cassava n.木薯e.g. Alcohol can be produced from plants such as sugar caneand ~ by fermentation and distillation.tenure n.①(职位, 如政治地位、土地或其他资产等的)保有;保有期,保有状况,保有权,保有条件;任期e.g. They suggest therefore that greater emphasis be given to housing ~ in evaluating relative deprivation.②(大学或其他机构中教师等的)长期聘用，终身职位 e.g. It’s becoming increasingly difficult to acquire academic ~.rehabilitation n.①(病残人的)康复,更新;(罪犯的)改过迁善复职;恢复名誉,昭雪e.g. a special unit for ~ stroke patients②修复;复兴e.g. A lot of the older houses have now been ~.cyclone n.气旋;旋风,飓风,暴风e.g. international economic assistance for ~ disasterimpropriety n.不得体,不适当;不得体的举止,粗鄙的行为;不正确,不合适e.g. Accusations of ~ were made against the company’s directors.grass roots n.基层民众,平民百姓,草根阶层e.g. We are hoping for full participation at ~ level.earmark v.指定…作为特定用途e.g. 20% of the budget has already been ~ed for a new computer system.anecdotal adj.轶事的,趣闻的;多轶事的,含轶事的e.g. His findings are based on ~ evidence rather than serious research. mainstream vt.(思想或行为的)主流e.g.~ of lifeUnit 7encroach vt.①侵犯,侵占,侵害;妨碍(正常生活或活动等);e.g. This ~es on my rights as an individual.②逐渐遍布(某地区)e.g. desert ~ing upon grasslandobliterate vt.除去,涂去,擦掉;彻底破坏或毁灭e.g. It would almost seem as if Nature herself had tried to ~ the evil signs of what had occurred.coquettish adj.(女子)卖弄风情的,妖艳的,迷人的e.g. Her clothes were country-made, but perfect as regarded fit and trimness, her beflowered hat was worn with a touch of ~ grace, a trifle un-English, but very delightful.bemused adj.①困惑的，茫然的，不知所措的e.g. She was obviously ~ by his questions.②全神贯注，沉浸于e.g. He was as distant and ~ as a professor listening to the prattling of his freshmen class.hereditary adj.(生物学中）遗传的，遗传性的（尤指疾病）；世袭的，承袭的；有世袭身份（或头衔）的e.g. The same title has been bestowed on Venice, where absolute power over the great body of the people is exercised, in the most absolute manner, by a small body of ~ nobles. I was no ~ alcoholic.remit vt.免除（债务），宽恕；使某事缓和；汇付，付款；免除，赦免（债务、职责、惩罚等）e.g. When crops fail it is necessary to ~ taxation.dispensation n.分配e.g. This is a duty from which nothing can give him a ~.tarnish vt.（通常指金属）（使）失去光泽；（使）变灰暗；玷污，败坏e.g. The silver was ~ed by the long exposure to the air.Her reputation was ~ed after the affair with a married man.skeleton n.骨骼，骷髅，骨骼标本；（建筑物等的）骨架，框架；梗概，提纲，提要，轮廓；骨瘦如柴的人（或动物）；（维持运转所需的）最少人员，基干人员；钢架雪车，俯式冰橇e.g. a walking ~ (a very thin person)/The building has a steel ~.vanquish vt.<文>征服，战胜；克服，抑制e.g. Harvard ~ed Yale in the last football game.temerity n.鲁莽，冒失e.g.It was evident that he regretted the ~ that had made him the centre of interested observation.teeming adj.丰富的e.g. Nothing ever arrests its sleepless industry but the coming of a heavy fog, which clothes the ~ stream in a mantle of impenetrable stillness. deprecation n.强烈不赞成，祈免，反对e.g. “I am no judge of these things,” said Dorothea, not coldly, but with an eager ~ of the appeal to her.torso n.（人体的）躯干；（人体的）躯干雕塑像；未完成的作品e.g. The creature appeared to be a great lizard at least ten feet high, with a huge, powerful tail as long as its ~, mighty hind legs and short forelegs. tableau n. 人构成的画面或场景，绚丽的场景；活人造型（由活人扮演的静态画面等）; 舞台造型；戏剧性的场面；全景画，全景照片e.g.History is nothing more than a ~ of crimes and misfortunes.历史不过是由罪恶和灾难构成的静止舞台造型罢了。

international[,intə'næʃənəl] adj 国际的organization [,ɔ:ɡənai'zeiʃən] n 组织；机构communication[kə,mju:ni'keiʃən] n 交流通讯independent [,indi'pendənt]adj 独立自主的transportation[,trænspə'teiʃən] n 运输；运送transportation[,trænspə'teiʃən] n 运输；运送similarity[,simi'læriti] n 类似；类似处unforgettable[,ʌnfə'ɡetəbl] adj 难忘的opportunity [,ɔpə'tju:niti] n 机会；时机apologise [ə'pɔlədʒaiz] vi 英=apologize（美）道歉preparation [,prepə'reiʃən] n 准备；预备professional adj [prəu'feʃənəl]专业的；职业competitor [kəm'petitə] n 竞争者，对手disagreement [,disə'ɡri:mənt] n 不一致；分歧environmental [in,vaiərən'mentəl] adj 环境的announcement [ə'naunsmənt] n 宣告；公告intelligence [in'telidʒəns] n 智力；聪明；智能invitation[,invi'teiʃən] n 邀请；邀请信commercial[kə'mə:ʃəl] adj 商业的；贸易的generation[,dʒenə'reiʃən] n 一代destruction[di'strʌkʃən] n 破坏；毁灭generation[,dʒenə'reiʃən] n 一代（人）dormitory['dɔ:mitəri] 宿舍application[,æpli'keiʃən] n 应用 ,实施, 用途disadvantage [disəd'vɑ:ntidʒ] n 不利；不利条件conclusion[kən'klu:ʒən] n 结束；结论thunderstorm['θʌndəstɔ:m] n 雷雨；雷暴experiment[ik'speriment, ek's-] n 实验；protection[prəu'tekʃən] n 保护；防卫agricultural[,æɡri'kʌltʃərəl] adj 农业的；农艺conference ['kɔnfərəns]n 会议；讨论会humourous ['hju:mərəs] adj （＝humorous）富于幽默感的；滑稽的interpretation[in,tə:pri'teiʃən] n 解释；阐明appreciate[ə'pri:ʃieit] vt 赏识；鉴赏；感激attraction[ə'trækʃən] n．吸引人的事物；吸引；吸引力conservation[,kɔnsə'veiʃən] n（自然资源的）保护；管理；保存imagination[i,mædʒi'neiʃən] n 想像（力）；空想helicopter['helikɔptə] n 直升（飞）机perspiration[,pə:spə'reiʃən] n.汗水;出汗radioactivity[,reidiəuæk'tivəti] n.放射性;放射现象;放射线misunderstand[,misʌndə'stænd]vt.(misunderstood, misunderstood)误解;误会observation[,ɔbzə:'veiʃən] n.注意;观察;观测exploration[,eksplɔ:'reiʃən] n.探究;考察;勘探interviewee[,intəvju:'i:] n.被接见者;被采访者; 被面试者introduction[,intrə'dʌkʃən] n.序言;介绍;引进atmosphere['ætmə,sfiə] n.气氛;情绪;大气;大气层stadium['steidiəm] n.(有看台的)露天体育场extraordinary[ik'strɔ:dənəri] adj. 特别的;不平常的;惊人的contribute[kən'tribju:t] vi.作出贡献contemporary[kən'tempərəri] adj.当代的;现代的;consumer[kən'sju:mə] n.消费者;用户;客户definition[,difi'niʃən] n.定义;解释contagious[kən'teidʒəs]adj.(指疾病)接触(传)染的;(情绪等)感染性的motorcycle['məutə,saikl] n.摩托车premier['premjə, pri'miə, 'pri:m-]n.总理;首相responsibility[ri.spɔnsə'biliti] n.责任;责任心;职责cooperation[kəu,ɔpə'reiʃən] n.合作;配合representative[,repri'zentətiv] n.代表;典型;议员explanation[,eksplə'neiʃən]n.解释;说明;阐述thermometer[θə'mɔmitə] n.温度计;体温表sustainable[sə'steinəbl]adj.能持续的;能维持的;能承受的constitution[,kɔnsti'tju:ʃən]n.宪法economic[,i:kə'nɔmik]adj.经济的；经济学的；foundation[faun'deiʃən]n.基础；建立rejuvenate[ri'dʒu:vineit]vt.& vi.（使）恢复（青春）活力；（使）返老还童impressive[im'presiv] adj.给人深刻印象的companion[kəm'pænjən]n.同伴；同伙collision[kə'liʒən] n.碰撞；（利益、意见等）冲突relationship[ri'leiʃənʃip]n.关系；联系；亲属关系demonstration[,demən'streiʃən] n.游行；集会；discrimination[dis,krimi'neiʃən]n.歧视；区别independence[,indi'pendəns] n.独立；自主；unconditional[,ʌnkən'diʃənəl] adj.无条件的arrangement[ə'reindʒmənt]n.安排；unemployment[,ʌnim'plɔimənt]n.失业（状态）；失业众人数reconstruction[,ri:kən'strʌkʃən]n.重建；重建物economical[,i:kə'nɔmikəl] adj.经济的；节约的segregation[,seɡri'ɡeiʃən]n.隔离；分离injustice[in'dʒʌstis]n.不公平；非正义financial[fai'nænʃəl]adj.财务的；金融的；disability[,disə'biləti]n.伤残；无能；无力encouragement[in'kʌridʒmənt]n.鼓励；促进accessible[ək'sesəbl]adj.可以使用（或得到）的；能进入的motivate['məutiveit] vt.使有动机；激发background['bækɡraund]n.背景possibility[,pɔsə'biləti] n.可能（性）；可能的事connection[kə'nekʃən] n.联系；关系；联结reasonable['ri:zənəbl]adj.合乎情理的；讲理的consequence['kɔnsi,kwəns] n.结果；后果；影响archaeological[,ɑ:kiə'lɔdʒikəl]adj.考古学的archaeologist[,ɑ:ki'ɔlədʒist] n.考古学家decoration[,dekə'reiʃən]n.装饰；装潢requirement[ri'kwaiəmənt]n.需要；规定distinction[dis'tiŋkʃən]n.差别；对比accompany[ə'kʌmpəni]vt.陪伴；陪同investigation[in,vesti'ɡeiʃən] n.调查研究punishment ['pʌniʃmənt]n.惩罚administration[əd,mini'streiʃən]n.管理；行政（机关）；经营concentrate['kɔnsəntreit] vi.集中；全神贯注 vt.集中；聚集；浓缩rhinoceros[rai'nɔsərəs, ri-] n.犀牛dedication[,dedi'keiʃən] n.忠诚；奉献technological[,teknə'lɔdʒikəl]adj.技术的pronunciation[prəu,nʌnsi'eiʃən]n.发音；发音方式immigration[,imi'ɡreiʃən] n.移民aboriginal[,æbə'ridʒənəl] adj.土著的procedure[prə'si:dʒə]n.步骤；程序；手续identification[ai,dentifi'keiʃən] n.验明；鉴别consideration[kən,sidə'reiʃən]n.考虑；体贴nutritional[nju:'triʃənəl]adj.营养（品）的promotion[prəu'məuʃən]n.（商品等）宣传；推销；促进；提升anniversary[,æni'və:səri] n周年纪念(日)granddaughter['ɡræn,dɔ:tə]n.（外）孙女comprehension[,kɔmpri'henʃən]n.理解（力）fundamental[,fʌndə'mentəl] adj.基本的；根本的prosperity[prɔs'periti]n.繁荣；成功proficiency[prəu'fiʃənsi]n.熟练；精通insurance[in'ʃuərəns] n.保险；保险业；significance[siɡ'nifikəns] n.意义；重要性expectation[,ekspek'teiʃən] n.预料;期待;期望questionnaire[,kwestʃə'nεə, ,kes-] n.问卷;调查表bureaucratic[,bjurəu'krætik] adj.官僚的;官僚制度的contradictory[,kɔntrə'diktəri] adj.互相矛盾的;互相对立的congratulate[kən'ɡrætʃu,leit]vt.祝贺;庆贺combination[,kɔmbi'neiʃən]n.结合;混合物compulsory[kəm'pʌlsəri]adj.义务的;有责任的; 必须做的corporation[,kɔ:pə'reiʃən]n.公司;法人团体presentation [,prezən'teiʃən, ,pri:-] n.描述;介绍;提出transparent[træns'pærənt]adj.透明的enthusiasm[in'θju:ziæzəm] n.热心;热情satisfaction[,sætis'fækʃən] n.满意;满足competitive[kəm'petitiv]adj.比赛性的;好竞争的tournament['tuənəmənt, 'tɔ:-, 'tə:-] n.联赛;比赛;锦标赛。

武⼤研究⽣英语教材课后翻译汉译英1.中国和欧洲是两⼤战略⼒量，肩负推动全球经济发展、促进⼈类⽂明进步、维护世界和平的崇⾼使命，双⽅正在形成不断放⼤的战略交集。

中国是最⼤的新兴市场国家，欧盟是最⼤的发达经济体，"最⼤"与"最⼤"交融,⼀切都有可能，"新兴"与"发达"携⼿，优势就会倍增，中欧在新兴和发达经济体合作中可以成为典范。

China and Europe are two major strategic forces. We both undertake the lofty mission of promoting global economy, advancing human civilization and progress and safeguarding world peace. The two sides are expanding their converging strategic interests. China is the largest emerging market and the EU the largest developed economy. Nothing is impossible when the two "largests" converge.And strength will be multiplied if the "emerging" meets the "developed".China-EU cooperation may serve as a fine example of that between the emerging and developed economies.2.近40年的中欧关系，已由⼀棵⼩苗长成枝繁叶茂的⼤树，这棵树上挂满了累累果实。