Agenda议程
? Data Analysis – General Overview
数据分析-整体概述
? Analysis Signals – Recognition and Categorisation
? 信号分析-识别及分类
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Data Analyst Training Structure 数据分析员培训结构
0-12m 0-12月
Trainee 实习生
Classroom and In-Team Training
6m - 2yrs 6个月-2年
Analyst Level1 Analyst 1级分析员 Level 1 Perform Analysis w/ direct supervision (80-240hrs training)
2-3 yrs 2-3年
Analyst Level2 Analyst 2级分析员 Level 2 Perform Analysis, QA, & Report Writing (80-160hrs training)
3-5 yrs + 3-5年以上
Analyst Level 3 3级分析员 Perform analysis, Client / Team Lead functions, train & supervise others (200-340hrs training)
? EHS Induction 环境/健康/ ? Theory & Practical ? In Team (on the job) ? Presentation Skills training (Technology 安全介绍 Training 分组（在岗）培训 specific) 理论与实践培训 ? Advanced Analysis 高级分 演讲技巧 ? Data Analysis ? Leadership skills 析 Fundamentals 数据分析基 （特定技术） 领导力 ? QA/QC Training 质量评价 / 本原理 ? In Team (on the job) ? Introductory Analysis & Training 分组（在岗）培 质量控制培训 ? Training skills ? Data preparation and DQA 培训技能 Software Training 初级分 训 数据准备和数据质量评价 析&软件培训 ? Level 1 Assessment ? Non-destructive Training ? Project Mgmt Skills ? Training Data Sets 培训 项目管理能力 (Written and Practical) 无损培训 数据集 1级评价（笔试和实际操 ? 2nd Technology Training 2 ? Level 3 Assessment ? Trainee Knowledge 次技能培训 (Written and Practical) 作） Check 实习知识考查 ? Level 2 Assessment 3级评价（笔试和实际 ? Level 1 Certification ? Allowed to work on (Written and Practical) 2级 操作） Customer data only after 1级认证 评价（笔试和实际操作） ? Level 3 Certification passing knowledge check ? Level 2 Certification 3级认证 知识考查合格后才能分析 2级认证 客户数据 10 years of development to provide over 10,000 pages of training
material to back this up 2 10年的发展，提供超过10000页的培训材料以支持（分析员认证培训）体系 GE Confidential and Proprietary Information
GE?2011 All Rights Reserved
Pipeline Failures管道失效案例
Bellingham, Washington (1999) 贝灵哈姆，华盛顿州(1999) ? Gasoline pipeline ? Gasoline管道 ? 3 fatalities and 250,000 gallons of gasoline spilt ? 3人死亡，250000加仑油品泄漏 ? Fuel leaked into a stream and ignited 油流到河里并被点燃 ? Rupture initiated at site of mechanical damage破裂始于机 械损伤 ? Damage had shown on previous ILI runs 在以前的内检 测中检出过损伤缺陷
https://www.doczj.com/doc/f119026921.html,/events/2000/pipeline_hearing/Dyck_Rod.htm
GE Confidential and Proprietary Information GE?2011 All Rights Reserved
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Pipeline Failures管道失效案例
Bellingham, Washington (1999)贝灵哈姆，华盛顿州(1999)
Environmental damage to Whatcom creek from the pipeline explosion 管道爆炸对Whatcom creek造成了环境损伤
Before 事故前
After 事故后
Plume of smoke over Bellingham shortly after explosion 爆炸后贝灵哈姆升起的浓烟
https://www.doczj.com/doc/f119026921.html,/events/2000/pipeline_hearing/Dyck_Rod.htm
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MFL Data Analysis 漏磁检测数据分析
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Odometer Type 2 sensor array 2型传感器 里程轮
Permanent Magnet Brushes 永磁钢刷 Drive cups Type 1 sensor array 驱动皮碗 1型传感器
Leading Magnetic Vehicle 励磁装置 Support wheels 支撑轮
Support wheels 支撑轮
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The primary sensor system主级传感器系统
S
? ?
N
?
high magnetic flux field imposed parallel to the pipe wall.强磁场平行 施加于管壁 magnetic flux lines will be deflected :在下列情况，磁力线会发生偏离 ? if there is metal loss within the pipe wall.如在管壁内有金属损失 ? if there is ferrous material near the pipe wall.如果在管壁附近有铁磁 性材料 ? if the properties of the pipe wall steel change.如果管壁钢的性能发 生改变 the primary sensor detects any leakage of the magnetic flux.主级传感 器可检测任何漏磁量
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The secondary sensor system次级传感器系统
N S
? ?
?
low magnetic flux field imposed perpendicular to the pipe wall. 弱磁场垂直施加于管壁 magnetic flux lines will be deflected if there is metal loss on the internal surface of the pipe.如果在管壁的内表面有金属损失，磁力 线发生偏离 the secondary sensor detects internal magnetic deflection. 次级传感器检测内部磁场偏离。
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基础信号
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Metal loss金属损失 (pit dimensions)凹坑尺寸
信号无异常，属 于传感器移动 信号有异常，属 于金属损失
Typical signal response on PII MFL data 典型的PII漏磁检测信号
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Metal Object金属外接物 (not touching)非接触
Typical signal response on PII MFL data 典型的PII漏磁检测信号
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Defect Sizing Models … Signals to Metal Loss 缺陷尺寸模型…金属损失信号
Full scale tests全尺寸试验 Pull Throughs 牵引试验
Defect Dimensions
Signal variables
Pull Through Signals
Sizing Model Transfer Functions
Detailed Mathematical Assessment详细数学评估
Sizing Performance
Sizing Algorithm
Sizing Model Derivation 尺寸模型误差
PoD Assessment
Robust Sizing Models are key to what we do 机器尺寸识别模型是我们要做的关键
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Interaction and Clustering 相互作用及合并
? DEFAULT INTERACTION RULES 缺陷合并原则 Two metal loss boxes will interact to produce a cluster if both: 两个金属损失信号框合并成一个信号框组的条件： ? The axial separation of the boxes is less than two times the axial length of the shorter box两个框轴向距离小于长度较 小框的2倍 ? The circumferential separation of the boxes is less than two times the circumferential width of the narrower box环向距离小于 宽度较小框的2倍 ? A cluster can consist of several boxes一个框组可以包括几 个框 =
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Default Interaction Rules Examples 缺陷合并实例
Length 40mm Length 50mm
Width 100mm
90mm
50mm Length 70mm
Width 120mm
The axial separation of the two top boxes is not < 2 x 40mm – No Clustering. 两个框的轴向距离大于2 x 40mm，不合并 The circumferential separation of the two boxes on the left is < 2 x 100mm – Clustering. 环向距离小于2 x 100mm ，合并
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Width 60mm
Feature dimensions provided by PII PII提供的缺陷尺寸
Distance from Reference Girth Weld 离参考环焊缝 的距离 Axial length 轴向长度
Orientation 定位
Circumferential Width环向长度
Direction of flow 油流方向
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Reporting Clusters报告信号
Interna l Signal 内壁信 号
Girth Weld (6030) 环焊缝 号 Width (W) 宽度
Length (L) 长度
Azimuth定 位 Deepest Box (D)最深位置
Absolute Distance From Launch (X)绝对 距离
Relative Distance (R) 相对距离
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Corrosion Processes腐蚀过程
Understanding the Inspection Tool 检测工具
Pipeline Construction 管线建造
Defect Significance Client Specific Requiremen 缺陷重要性 客户需求
New Data
Old Data
Specifications 分类
Previous Inspection Informatio 以前检测信息
Software and Sizing Models 软件及尺寸模型 Pipe Manufacturing 管道制造 Pipeline Route Information管 线位置信息
Product Knowledge 产品信息
Defect Types 缺陷类型
Understanding Magnetic Responses分析漏磁信号
Many Factors go Into Accurate Data Analysis
集合许多因素进行精确的数据分析
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Typical External Corrosion Signals 典型的外腐蚀信号
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Area of External Corrosion?外腐蚀？
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And In Real Life ...实际上…
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External Corrosion外腐蚀
Two features reported as 85% and 75% external corrosion features两个特征分别报告为85%和 75%的外腐蚀
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And In Real Life…实际上…
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Typical Field Wrap Damage典型的现场施工损伤
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Typical Tape Disbonding Damage 典型的防腐带脱落损伤
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Typical Internal Corrosion Signals 典型的内腐蚀信号
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Type 2 Inspection Data – Internal Corrosion 第2种内检测信号-内腐蚀
Sometimes the corrosion is so dense, matching the individual T1 and T2 signals is impossible. 有时候腐蚀很密集，将T1和T2信号匹配很难。
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Type 2 Inspection Data – Internal Corrosion
第2种内检测信号-内腐蚀
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Other Metal Loss Signals 其他金属损失信号
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Other Metal Loss – Dressings 其他金属损失—过度打磨
Seam Welded Pipe – Plate Dressings (MFG 直焊缝管—平面过度打磨
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Repeating patterns… 重复型信号…
Auger pattern?
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Other Metal Loss – Spiral Welded Pipe 其他金属损失-螺旋焊缝管
Spiral Welded Pipe – Crimp Marks (MFG) 螺旋焊缝管- 卷曲标记
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Other Metal Loss – Spiral Welded Pipe Dressings 其他金属损失-螺旋焊管过度打磨
Cross Weld 丁字焊缝
Include all as MFG 都在漏磁信号中反映 (Dressing of weld splatter)焊接后飞溅铁渣的过度打磨
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Other Metal Loss – Seam Welded Pipe 其他金属损失-直焊缝管
Internal Slivers 内壁长条
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Other Metal Loss – Equi-Spaced Metal Loss 其他金属损失-等距的金属损失信号
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Unusual Signals 异常信号
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Unusual Feature异常信号
Girth Weld 环焊缝
Corrosion 腐蚀
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Unusual Feature异常信号
Girth Weld环焊缝
Corrosion腐蚀 Seam Welds直焊缝
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Unusual Feature异常信号 And a closer look …靠近看…
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