2012届高考英语实战演练专题阅读理解(1----40)

2012届高考英语实战演练专题阅读理解(1__40)

1

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项。

Y ou know how wonderful you are, and you know that others know how wonderful you are, but what do you do when admiration crosses over the line into jealousy? For most teens there will come a day when you realize that one of your friends is jealous and that this jealousy is hurting your friendship. When this happens it can seem like there is nothing that you can do, but the good news is that there is. Don?t let jea lousy spoil your relationships. Tackle it head on and you might be back to normal much sooner than you think.

It can be hard to walk up to a friend and ask them what the problem is, but if you want to save your friendship you?ll have to do just tha t. Don?t approach them and ask why they are jealous of you (unless of course you want to appear totally conceited), just take some time alone with them and let them know that you?ve been feeling like there?s been something coming between you. If they refuse to respond, then use the opportunity to explain how you have been feeling. Chances are that something you say will strike a nerve and your friend will open up as well.

When you figure out what is annoying your friend, ask him or her what (s)he thinks would make the situation better. If, for example, (s)he says that (s)he feels like (s)he doesn?t get to spend any time with you because of your being off with your new friends from tee swim team then maybe you could invite her along the next time or block off one day a week for just the two of you. Remember, though, that whatever solution you decide on should be a compromise. Don?t limit your own talents or opportunities simply because your friend is unhappy. Try instead to include him or her in your new life and see how that works out.

Even the best of friendships can be tinged by jealousy. This destructive emotion is rarely productive and can turn best friends into worst enemies. Before taking extreme action, chat with your jealous friend to see if the two of you can work out a compromise.If you can?t, be prepared to know exactly how far you will go to keep your friend and how far you won?t.

1. According to the author, the jealousy emotion is________.

A. normal

B. productive

C. destructive

D. extreme

2. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a way to confront your friend when jealousy happens?

A. Walking up to him/her and asking him/her why he/she is jealous of you.

B. Walking up to him/her and asking him/her what the problem is.

C. Spending some time with him/her and letting him/her know how you feel.

D. Spending some time with him/her and letting him/her know you think there?s something between you.

3. The underlined “it” in the first paragraph refers to________.

A. friendship

B. relationship

C. admiration

D. jealousy

4. What can be inferred from the last two paragraphs?

A. There?s always a solution to solve the proble m of jealousy.

B. Jealousy can turn best friends into worst enemies.

C. Y ou may lose a friend to keep your own gifts, chances or self development.

D. Y ou should go a long way with your friend to work out a solution 5. The purpose of the passage is________.

A. to explain what causes jealousy

B. to offer some advice on making friends

C. to introduce the way to cope with a jealous friend

D. to explain how destructive the jealous emotion is

2

Do American children still learn handwriting in school? In the age of the keyboard, some people seem to think handwriting lessons are on the way out. 90% of teachers say they are required to teach handwriting.But studies have yet to answer the question of how well they are teaching it. One study published this year found that about three out of every four teachers say they are not prepared to teach handwriting. Some teachers are teaching handwriting by providing instruction for 10 ___15 minutes a day, and then other teachers who basically teach it for 60 to 70 minutes a day — which really for handwriting is pretty much.

Many adults remember learning that way — by copying letters over and over again. Today? s thinking is that short periods of practic e are better. Many experts also think handwriting should not be taught by itself. Instead, they say it should be used as a way to get students to express ideas. After all, that is why we write.

Handwriting involves two skills. One is legibility,_which means forming the letters so they can be read. The other is fluency —writing without having to think about it. Fluency continues to develop up until high school.

But not everyone masters these skills. Teachers commonly report that about one fourth of their kids have poor handwriting. Some people might think handwriting is not important any more because of computers and voice recognition programs.

But Steve Graham at V anderbilt says word processing is rarely done in elementary school, especially in the early years. American children traditionally first learn to print, and then to write in cursive, which connects the letters. But guess what we learned from a spokeswoman for the College Board, which administers the SA T college admission test. More than 75 percent of students choose to print their essay on the test rather than write in cursive.

1．We can learn ________ from Paragraph 1.

A. teaching handwriting is a basic requirement in teaching job

B. most teachers prefer to teach handwriting

C. teachers spend little time in teaching handwriting

D. a keyboard has taken the place of the handwriting entire 2．Which of the following is WRONG for traditional handwriting in the USA?

A. The students are taught by practicing a long period.

B. The letters are repeated many times.

C. Handwriting includes two skills.

D. To write in cursive is taught first.

3．The underlined word “legibility” in Paragraph 3 means ________.

A. easy to read

B. complex

C. unexpected

D. unreadable

4．The best title for the passage is ________.

A. How to improve handwriting in school

B. Right or wrong: the death of handwriting

C. Handwriting involves two skills

D. Handwriting lessons are on the way out

5．The author? s attitude towards whether still to learn handwriting in school is________.

A. negative

B. objective

C. critical

D. optimistic

3

A Southampton University team found that people who were vegetarians by 30 had recorded five IQ points higher on average at the age of 10. Researchers said it could explain why people with a higher IQ were healthier as a vegetarian diet was linked to lower heart disease and obesity rates. The study of 8,179 people was reported in the British Medical Journal.

Twenty years after the IQ tests were carried out in 1970, 366 of the participants said they were vegetarians —although more than 100 reported eating either fish or chicken.

Men who were vegetarians had an IQ score of 106, compared with 101 for non-vegetarians; while female vegetarians averaged 104, compared with 99 for non-vegetarians. There was no difference in the IQ scores, between strict vegetarians and those who said they were vegetarians but reported eating fish or chicken.

Researchers said the findings were partly related to better education and higher class, but it remained statistically significant after adjusting for these factors.

V egetarians were more likely to be female, to be of higher social class and to have higher academic or vocational qualifications than non-vegetarians. However, these differences were not reflected in their annual income, which was similar to that of non-vegetarians.

Lead researcher Catharine Gale said, “The findings that children with greater intelligence are more likely to report being vegetarians as adults, together with the evidence on the potential benefits of a vegetarian diet on heart health, may help to explain why a higher IQ in childhood or adolescence is linked with a reduced risk of coronary heart disease in adult life. But Dr Frankie Phillips of the British Dietetic Association said，“It_ is_ like _the _chicken _and _egg. Do people become vegetarians because they have a very high IQ or is it just that they are clever enough to be more aware of health issues？”

1．What? s the result of the research mentioned in the text?

A. Intelligent children are more likely to become vegetarians later in life.

B. Children with a higher IQ are less likely to have heart disease later in life.

C. Intelligent children tend to belong to higher social class later in life.

D. Children with a healthier heart tend to have a higher IQ later in life.

2．It was found in the research that________.

A. most of the participants became vegetarians 20 years after the IQ tests were carried out

B. vegetarians who ate fish or chicken were of similar intelligence with strict vegetarians

C. female vegetarians were more likely to have higher annual income than non-vegetarians

D. vegetarians were more likely to have higher annual income than non-vegetarians

3．Catharine Gale talked about “being vegetarians” in a(n)________way.

A. doubtful

B. favorable

C. negative

D. objective

4．What does the underlined sentence in the last paragraph mean?

A. Intelligence is linked to not just being a vegetarian but to many factors.

B. The rate of getting heart disease is linked to your lifestyle.

C. The link between a high IQ and being a vegetarian is still uncertain.

D. The link between a healthy heart and diet remains to be proved. 5．What? s the best title for the text?

A. Get more IQ points!

B. Be a vegetarian, please!

C. V egetarian diet cuts heart risk

D. A high IQ is linked to being a vegetarian

4

The hole in the Earth?s ozone layer (臭氧层) has until now protected Antarctica from the worst effects of global warming. But scientists have warned that as the hole closes up in the next few decades, temperatures on the continent could rise by around 3 ℃ on average, with melting ice contributing to a global sea level increase of up to 1.4 metres.

In the past decades the western Antarctic has seen rapid ice loss as the world has warmed, but the other parts of the continent have, paradoxically, been cooling, resulting in a 10% increase in ice in the seas around the region. This is because the hole in the ozone layer has increased cold winds in Antarctica, making much of the continent surface colder than usual.

But now that the gasses that cause the ozone hole have been banned, scientists expect the hole to repair itself within the next 50 to 60 years. By then the cooling effect will have faded out and the Antarctic will face the full impact of global warming. This means an increase in average air temperatures of around 3 ℃ and a reduction in sea ice by around a third.

The biggest threat to the continent comes from warming seas. Robert Johnson, a scientist who monitors Antarctica ice sheets, said, “The ice sheets in Antarctica are hundreds of metres thick. But once warm ocean waters start flowing underneath, the ice will begin thinning an d could break up very quickly.” Thinning ice sheets cause ice to break away from the continent and to melt even faster. Escaping ice from western Antarctica has already resulted in a 10% rise in global sea level in recent decades.

Johnson believes that international action to reduce global warming is required immediately or it may be too late. “Everything is connected —Antarctica may be a long way away but it is an important part of the Earth?s system，” said Johnson. “It contains 90% of the world?s ice, 70% of the world?s fresh water and that is enough, if it melts completely, to raise sea levels by 63 metres.”

Even in a worse-case situation scientists don?t expect the ice to entirely disappear, but predict that, because of the melting ice sheets, average sea level rise will be around 1.4 metres higher by the end of the century.

1. The underlined word “paradoxically” (in Paragraph 2) most probably means“________.”

A. rapidly

B. approximately

C. contradictoril

D. apparently

2. What is the effect of the hole in the ozone layer on Antarctica?

A. It is causing the ice to melt faster.

B. It is making much of the continent colder.

C. It is making the effects of global warming in the region worse

D. It is reducing the amount of water in Antarctica.

3. What do scientists think is the biggest danger facing Antarctica?

A. Rising sea levels.

B. Warming sea water temperature.

C. Water pollution.

D. Growing ice sheets.

4. Which of the following is true according to the passage?

A. Antarctica is currently experiencing the full effects of global warming.

B. The average temperature has increased by 3 ℃in recent decades.

C. Antarctica contains most of the world?s fresh water.

D. Ten percent of Antarctica?s ice has already been lost.

5. The best title for the passage is________.

A. Our planet in danger

B. Antarctica melting away

C. Action plan to save Antarctica

D. Let?s save the ozone layer

5

We bet that on cold wintry days, many of you love to stay in your warm home and, every now and then，come out into the kitchen for a snack. Unfortunately, plenty of creepy-crawly critters (爬行生物) like to do the same thing!

Winter is the time when bugs (虫子) invade your house without an invitation. The season can be tough for such creatures. In winter the air is cold, the ground is hard and many trees have no leaves. So bugs do what they have to do to survive. Monarch butterflies head south to warmer climates. Ants crowd in deep underground colonies and eat food they have been storing all year. Many insects go into a deep sleep called diapauses. There? re different kinds of diapauses, but all are similar to hibernation, a time when bigger animals become inactive in the cold. Insects go into an inactive period, too, but it often isn? t when the te mperature drops. They rely on more dependable signals in the environment. For example, many insects can tell how much sunlight there? s each day. They use that to tell themselves when to shut down. Bugs are cold-blooded, meaning that their inside temperature is the same as the outside. They can' t move much when it gets below 40 degrees Fahrenheit. So they search for any warm place.

They?re looking for protection. These guys have been doing this for 300 million years, so they don' t really k now they? re coming into your house. The home is a recent event in terms of their evolutionary behavior. They enter through tiny cracks or come in unnoticed on your clothes or shoes. Remember that they may be invading your homes for warmth and food, but th ey don?t care about humans.

1. What is the purpose of the first paragraph?

A. To point out that humans like to stay at home in winter.

B. To mean that humans and bugs have the same living habits.

C. To mean that bugs will invade humans? houses for their winter

D. To put forward the idea that bugs are not welcome in winter. 2．According to the text, what is diapauses?

A. It is the same as the animals? hibernation.

B. It often appears in warm areas all the year.

C. It is done to keep bugs active in winter.

D. It is a deep sleep similar to hibernation.

3．What often decides bugs? diapauses?

A. The lower local temperature.

B. The amount of sunlight.

C. Kinds of environmental signals.

D.The insects?inside temperature.

4．According to the text, bugs invade humans? homes to________.

A. attack humans

B. look for enough food

C. seek for protection

D. show their evolutionary results 5．What would be the best title for the text?

A. Bugs? life on cold wintry days

B. Why do bugs invade your home in winter?

C. Good relations between humans and bugs

D. What does diapauses mean?

》 6

July 21st,2007 was a typical English summer?s day — it rained for 24 hours! As usual, I rushed home from work at midday to check on the house. Nothing was amiss. By the time I left work at 5 pm, however，the road into our village was flooded. Our house had never been flooded but, as I opened the front door, a wave of water greeted me. Thank God the kids weren?t with me, because the house was 5 feet deep in water. We lost everything downstairs. And the plaster had to be torn off the walls, ceilings pulled down.

At first we tried to push on through. We didn?t want to move the children out of home, so we camped upstairs. We put a sheet of plastic across the floor to protect us from the damp. But after three months, we felt very sick, so we moved to a wooden house in a park. The house was small, but at first we were all just delighted to be in a new place. Unfortunately, things took longer than expected and we were there for 10 months. The life there was inconvenient. What surprised me most was how much I missed being part of a community (社区). We had lived in a friendly village with good neighbours，and I?d never thought how much I?d miss that.

Although our situation was very bad, it?s difficult to feel too sorry for yourself when you look at what?s happening elsewhere. I watched a news report about floods in Northern India and thought，“We didn?t have a straw hut(茅草房) that was swept away, and our house is still standing. We?re lucky.”

We moved back home in August. With December coming，there?s still reconstruction work to be do ne, so it?s difficult to prepare for Christmas. But I can?t wait—I?m going to throw a party for our friends in the village to say thanks for their support. This year, I won?t need any gifts — living away from home for months has made me realize how little we actually need or miss all our possessions. Although we are replacing things, there?s really no rush—we have our home back, and that?s the main thing.

5．What does the underlined word “amiss” in the first paragraph mean?

A.Wrong.

B.Missing

C.Right. DFound.

6．It can be inferred from the text that the author________.

A. was sick of staying upstairs

B. cared much about her children

C. could not stand living in a wooden house

D. did not deal well with her family affairs during the flood 7．Why does the author say that they were lucky in the third paragraph?

A. Because her situation was not serious.

B. Because many other places were flooded.

C. Because she had been to Northern India.

D. Because some others suffered even more.

8．What does the author mainly want to express by telling her story?

A. She valued human feelings more than before.

B. She realized she almost didn?t need possessions.

C. She found Christmas gifts no longer badly needed.

D. She thought her own home was the most important.

7

14 days from just ￡2,090 pp

Fully inclusive from the UK

Price covers: International airfares, departure taxes, fuel charges, local transportation, accommodation, all meals, entrance fees, guides, daily tours and visas for UK citizens.

◆Days 1 3: UK Shanghai

◆Fly to the great city of Shanghai and in the evening sample

traditional Shanghai food. Visit the beautiful Y u Gardens, Old Town, Shanghai Museum, cross the Great Nanpu Bridge and tour the Pudong area. Also explore Xintiandi with its 1920? s style Shikumen buildings and end your stay in Shanghai with an amazing Huangpu River evening tour.

◆Days 4 7: Shanghai Y angtze River Tour

Fly to Yichang and change (approx: one hour)to board your Y angtze River ship for the next four nights. Enjoy a tour of the Three Gorges Dam (三峡大坝)before sailing on the grand Y angtze River, passing through the impressive Three Gorges. We take a side trip to the Lesser Three Gorges or travel up the Shennong Stream in a peapod boat and enjoy various shore trips along the way.

◆Day 8: Chongqing Chengdu

Get off in Chongqing and drive to Chengdu for an overnight stay.

◆Days 9 10: Chengdu Xi?an

Visit the famous Panda Reserve to see the lovely animals.We then fly to the histori c city of Xi?an for two nights? stay and enjoy traditional Shui Jiao. Next day, explore one of the most important discoveries of the 20th Century — the Terracotta Warriors(兵马俑) ，followed by the ancient City Wall and a performance of Tang Dynasty dancing.

◆Days 11 13：Xi?an Beijing

Visit Little Wild Goose Pagoda and see the ancient objects at the well known Shaanxi Provincial Museum before walking through the lively Muslim Quarter to see the Great https://www.doczj.com/doc/fe19012577.html,ter fly to Beijing for three nigh ts? stay and try Peking Duck.During our stay in Beijing, we stroll through Tiananmen Square to the Forbidden City, the largest and best preserved collection of ancient buildings in China, and visit the Summer Palace. Next day we take a walk on the Great Wall, tour the unique Temple of Heaven and enjoy an attractive Chinese Acrobatic Show.

◆Day 14: Beijing UK

Fly back to the UK, arriving home later the same day filled with happy memories.

1．The underlined word “sample” in the passage probably means “________”．

A. buy

B. reserve

C. taste

D. make

2．The first and last scenic spots to be visited in Xi?an are________.

A. the Terracotta Warriors and the Great Mosque

B. the Terracotta Warriors and Shaanxi Provincial Museum

C. Little Wild Goose Pagoda and the Great Mosque

D. Little Wild Goose Pagoda and the Muslim Quarter

3．Which of the following is TRUE according to the ad?

A. Tbe tourists will have to pay extra for fuel and meals.

B. The tourists will visit the 1920?s Shikumen buildings in

Beijing.

C. The tourists will take a side trip to the Three Gorges Dam

during the tour.

D. The tourists will stay in Beijing for three nights before

leaving for the UK.

4．The ad is mainly intended to________.

A. encourage the British to travel in China

B. attract the British to traditional Chinese food

C. offer services of booking air tickets to tourists

D. provide the British with a better understanding of China

8

Next time a customer comes to your office, offer him a cup of coffee. And when you?re doing your holiday shopping online, make sure you?re holding a large glass of iced tea. The physical sensation (感觉) of warmth encourages emotional warmth, while a cold drink in hand prevents you from making unwise decisions —those are the practical lesson being drawn from recent research by psychologist John A. Bargh.

Psychologists have known that one perso n? s perception (感知) of another? s “warmth” is a powerful determiner in social relationships. Judging someone to be either “warm” or “cold” is a primary consideration, even trumping evidence that a “cold” person may be more capable. Much of this is rooted in very early childhood experiences, Bargh argues, when babies? conceptual sense of the world around them is shaped by physical sensations, particularly warmth and coldness.Classic studics by Harry Harlow, published in 1958, showed monkeys preferred to sta y close to a cloth “mother” rather than one made of wire, even when the wire “mother” carried a food bottle. Harlow?s work and later studies have led psychologists to stress the need for warm physical contact from caregivers to help young children grow into healthy adults with normal social skills.

Feelings of “warmth” and “coldness” in social judgments appear to be universal.Although no worldwide study has been done, Bargh says that describing people as “warm”，or “cold” is common to many cultures, and studies have found those perceptions influence judgment in dozens of countries.

To test the relationship between physical and psychological warmth, Bargh conducted an experiment which involved 41 college students. A research assistant who was unaware of the study?s hypotheses (假设) , handed the students either a hot cup of coffee, or a cold drink, to hold while the researcher filled out a short information form. The drink was then handed back. After that, the students were asked to rate the personality of“Person A”based on a particular description. Those who had briefly held the warm drink regarded Person A as warmer than those who had held the iced drink. “We are grounded in our physical experiences even when we think abstractly，” says Bargh.

5．According to Paragraph 1, a person? s emotion may be affected by________.

A. the visitors to his office

B. the psychology lessons he has

C. his physical feeling of coldness

D. the things he has bought online

6．The author mentions Harlow? s experime nt to show that________.

A. adults should develop social skills

B. babies need warm physical contact

C. caregivers should be healthy adults

D. monkeys have social relationships

7．In Bargh? s experiment, the students were asked to________.

A. evalua te someone? s personality

B. write down their hypotheses

C. fill out a personal information form

D. hold coffee and cold drink alternatively

8．We can infer from the passage that________.

A. abstract thinking does not come from physical experiences

B. feelings of warmth and coldness are studied worldwide

C. physical temperature affects how we see others

D. capable persons are often cold to others

9．What would be the best title for the passage?

A. Drinking for Better Social Relationships

B. Experiments of Personality Evaluation

C. Developing Better Drinking Habits

D. Physical Sensations and Emotions

9

In ancient Egypt ，the pharaoh(法老) treated the poor message runner like a prince when he arrived at the palace, if he brought good news. However, if the exhausted runner had the misfortune to bring the pharaoh unhappy news, his head was cut off.

Shades of that spirit spread over today? s conversations.Once a friend and I packed up some peanut butter and sandwiches for an outing. As we walked light heartedly out the door，picnic basket in hand, a smiling neighbor looked up at the sky and said, “Oh boy, bad day for a picnic. The weat herman says it? s going to rain.” I wanted to strike him on the face with the peanut butter and sandwiches. Not for his stupid weather report, for his smile.

Several months ago I was racing to catch a bus.As I breathlessly put my handful of cash across the Greyhound counter, the sales agent said with a broad smile, “Oh that bus left five minutes ago.” Dreams of head cutting!

It? s not the news that makes someone angry. It? s the unsympathetic attitude with which it? s delivered. Everyone must give bad news from time to time, and winning professionals do it with the proper attitude. A doctor advising a patient that she needs an operation does it in a caring way. A boss informing an employee he didn? t get the job takes on a sympathetic tone.Big winners know, when delivering any bad news, they should share the feeling of the receiver. Unfortunately, many people are not aware of this. When you are tired from a long flight, has a hotel clerk cheerfully said that your room isn? t ready yet? When you had your heart set on the toast beef, has your waiter merrily told you that he just served the last piece? It makes you as traveler or diner want to land your fist right on their unsympathetic faces.

Had my neighbor told me of the upcoming rainstorm with sympathy, I would have appreciated his warning.Had the Greyhound salesclerk sympathetically informed me that my bus had already left, I probably would have said, “Oh, that ? s all right. I?ll catch the next one. ”Big winners, when they bear bad news, deliver bombs with the emotion the bombarded (被轰炸的) person is sure to have.

1．In Paragraph 1 ，the writer tells the story of the pharaoh to________.

A. make a comparison

B. introduce a topic

C. describe a scene

D. offer an argument

2．In the writer? s opinion, his neighbor was________.

A.friendly

B.warmhearted

C.notconsiderate

D. not helpful 3．From “Dreams of head cutting！” ( Paragraph 3 ), we learn that the writer________.

A. was mad at the sales agent

B. was reminded of the cruel pharaoh

C. wished that the sales agent would have bad dreams

D. dreamed of cutting the sales agent? s head that night

4．What is the main idea of the text?

A. Delivering bad news properly is important in communication.

B. Helping others sincerely is the key to business success.

C. Receiving bad news requires great courage.

D. Learning ancient traditions can be useful.

10

A rainforest is an area covered by tall trees with the total high rainfall spreading quite equally through the year and the temperature rarely dipping below 16℃.Rainforests have a great effect on the world environment because they can take in heat from the sun and adjust the climate. Without the forest cover, these areas would reflect more heat into the atmosphere，warming the rest of the world.Losing the rainforests may also influence wind and rainfall patterns, potentially causing certain natural disasters all over the world.

In the past hundred years, humans have begun destroying rainforests in search of three major resources (资源): land for crops, wood for paper and other products, land for raising farm animals. This action affects the environment as a whole. For example，a lot of carbon dioxide(二氧化碳)in the air comes from burning the rainforests. People obviously have a need for the resources we gain from cutting trees but we will suffer much more than we will benefit. There are two main reasons for this. Firstly, when people cut down trees, generally they can only use the land for a year or two. Secondly, cutting large sections of rainforests may provide a good supply of wood right now, but in the long run it actually reduces the world? s wood supply. Rainforests are often called the world?s drug store. More than 25% of the medicines we use today come from plants in rainforests. However, fewer than 1% of rainforest plants have been examined for their medical value. It is extremely likely that our best chance to cure diseases lies somewhere in the world?s shrinking rainforests.

5．Rainforests can help to adjust the climate because they________.

A. reflect more heat into the atmosphere

B. bring about high rainfall throughout the world

C. rarely cause the temperature to drop lower than 16℃

D. reduce the effect of heat from the sun on the earth

6．What does t he word “this” underlined in the third paragraph refer to?

A. We will lose much more than we can gain.

B. Humans have begun destroying rainforests.

C. People have a strong desire for resources.

D. Much carbon dioxide comes from burning rainforests.

7．It can be inferred from the text that________.

A. we can get enough resources without rainforests

B. there is great medicine potential in rainforests

C. we will grow fewer kinds of crops in the gained land

D. the level of annual rainfall affects wind patterns

8．What might be the best title for the text?

A. How to Save Rainforests

B. How to Protect Nature

C. Rainforests and the Environment

D. Rainforests and Medical Development

11

What is eBay? The simple answer is that it is a global trading platform where nearly anyone can trade practically anything. People can sell and buy all kinds of products and goods，including cars, movies and DVDs, sporting goods, travel tickets, musical

instruments, clothes andshoes — the list goes on and on.

The idea came from Pierre Omidyar, who was born in Paris and moved to Washington when he was still a child. At high school, he became very interested in computer programming and after graduating from Tufts University in 1988, he worked for the next few years as a computer engineer. In his free time he started eBay as a kind of hobby, at first offering the service free by word of mouth. By 1996 there was so much traffic on the website that he had to upgrade(升级) and he began charging a fee to members. Joined by a friend, Peter Skoll, and in 1998 by his capable CEO, Meg Whitman, he_has_never_looked_back. Even in the https://www.doczj.com/doc/fe19012577.html, crashes of the late 1990s, eBay has gone from strength to strength. It is now one of the ten most visited online shopping websites on the Internet.

eBay sells connections, not goods, putting buyer and seller into contact with each other. All you have to do is take an e photo, write a description, fill out a sales form and you are in business; the world is your market place. Of course for each item (商品)sold eBay gets a percentage and that is a great deal of money. Every day there are more than sixteen million items listed on eBay and eighty percent of the items are sold

1．We learn from the text that eBay provides people with ________.

A. a way of buying and selling goods

B. a website for them to upgrade

C. a place to exhibit their own photos

D. a chance to buy things at low price

2．Why did Pierre create eBay after graduating from university?

A. For fun.

B. To make money.

C. For gathering the engineers.

D. To fulfill a task of his company.

3．From “he has never looked back ”in Paragraph 2 we learn that Pierre________.

A. did not feel lonely

B. was always hopeful

C. did not think about the past

D. became more and more successful

4．How does eBay make money from its website?

A. By bringing sellers together.

B. By charging for each sale.

C. By listing items online.

D. By making e photos.

12

I was waiting for a phone call from my agent. He had left a message the night before, telling me that my show was to be cancelled. I called him several times, but each time his secretary told me that he was in a meeting and that he would call me later. So I waited and waited, but there was still no call. Three hours passing by, I became more and more impatient. I was certain that my agent didn?t care about my work, and he didn?t care about me. I was overcome with that thought. I started to shout at the phone，“ Let me wait, will you? Who do you think you are？”

At that time I didn?t realize my wife was looking on. Without showing her surprise, she rushed in, seized the phone, tore off the wires，and shouted at the phone，“Y eah! Who do you think you are？Bad telephone ! Bad telephone！”And she swept it into the wastebasket.

I stood watching her, speechless. What on earth?

She stepped to the doorway and shouted at the rest of the house, “Now hear this ! All objects in this room —if you do anything to upset my husband, out you go！”

Then she turned to me, kissed me, and said calmly，“Honey，you just have to learn how to take control. ”With that, she left the room.

After watching a crazy woman rushing in and out, shouting at everything in sight，I noticed that something in my mood(情绪) had changed. I was laughing. How could I have trouble with that phone？Her antics_helped me realize I had been driven crazy by small things. Twenty minutes later my agent did call. I was able to listen to him and talk to him calmly

5．Why did the author shout at the telephone?

A. He was mad at the telephone.

B. He was angry with his agent.

C. He was anxious about his wife.

D. He was impatient with the secretary.

6．What did t he author?s wife do after she heard his shouting?

A. She said nothing.

B. She shouted at him.

C. She called the agent.

D. She threw the phone away.

7．What made the author laugh?

A. His own behavior.

B. His wife?s sug gestion.

C. His changeable feelings.

D. His wife?s sweet kiss. 8．What does the underlined word“ antics” refer to?

A. Smart words.

B. Unusual actions.

C. Surprising looks.

D. Anxious feelings.

13

How to Be a Winner

Sir Steven Redgrave

Winner of 5 Olympic Gold Medals

“In 1997 I was found to have developed diabetes(糖尿病)．Believing my career(职业生涯) was over, I felt extremely low. Then one of the specialists said there was no reason why I should stop training and competing. That was it—the encouragement I needed. I could still be a winner if I believed in myself. I am not saying that it isn?t difficult sometimes. But I wanted to prove to myself that I wasn?t finished yet. Nothing is to stand in my way.”

Karen Pickering

Swimming World Champion

“I swim 4 hours a day, 6 days a week. I manage that sort of workload by putting it on top of my diary. This is the key to suceess—you can?t follow a career in any field without being well organized. List what you believe you can achieve. Trust yourself, write down your goals for the day, however small they are, and you?ll be a step closer to achieving them.”

Kirsten Best

Poet & Writer

“When things are getting har d, a voice inside my head tells me that I can?t achieve something. Then，there are other distractions,_such as family or hobbies. The key is to concentrate. When I feel tense, it helps a lot to repeat words such as…calm?，…peace?or…focus?，either out loud or silently in my mind. It makes me feel more in control and increases my confidence. This is a habit that can become second nature quite easily and is a powerful psychological(心理的) tool.”

1．What does Sir Steven Redgrave mainly talk about?

A. Difficulties influenced his career.

B. Specialists offered him medical advice.

C. Training helped him defeat his disease.

D. He overcame the shadow of illness to win. 2．What does Karen Pickering put on top of her diary?

A. Her training schedule.

B. Her daily happenings.

C. Her achievements.

D. Her sports career. 3．What does the underlined word“distractions” probably refer to?

A. Ways that help one to focus.

B. Words that help one to feel less tense.

C. Acti vities that turn one?s attention away.

D. Habits that make it hard for one to relax.

4．According to the passage，what do the three people have in common?

A.Courage .

B.Devotion.

C.Hardwork .

D.Selfconfidence

14

People diet to look more attractive. Fish diet to avoid being beaten up, thrown out of their social group, and getting eaten as a result. That is the fascinating conclusion of the latest research into fish behavior by a team of Australian scientists.

The research team have discovered that subordinate fish voluntarily diet to avoid challenging their larger competitors. “In studying gobies we noticed that only the largest two individuals, a male and female ，had breeding(繁殖) rights within the group, ”explains Marian Wong. “All other group members are non breeding females, each being 5～10% smaller than its next largest competitor. We wanted to find out how they maintain this precise size separation.”

The reason for the size difference was easy to see. Once a subordinate fish grows to within 5 10% of the size of its larger competitor，it causes a fight which usually ends in the smaller goby being driven away from the group. More often than not, the_evicted_fish_is then eaten up.

It appeared that the smaller fish were keeping themselves small in order to avoid challenging the boss fish. Whether they did so voluntarily，by restraining how much they ate, was not clear. The research team decided to do an experiment. They tried to fatten up some of the subordinate gobies to see what happened. To their surprise，the gobies simply refused the extra food they were offered，clearly preferring to remain small and avoid fights, over having a feast.

The discovery challenges the traditional scientific view of how boss individuals keep their position in a group. Previously it was thought that large individuals simply used their weight and size to threaten their subordinates and take more of the food for themselves，so keeping their competitors small.

While the habits of gobies may seem a little mysterious, Dr.Wong explains that understanding the relationships between boss and subordinate animals is important to understanding how hierarchical (等级的) societies remain stable.

The research has proved the fact that voluntary dieting is a habit far from exclusive to humans. “As yet, we lack a complete understanding of how widespread the voluntary reduction of food intake is in nature，” the researchers comment. “Data on human dieting suggests that，while humans generally diet to improve health or increase attractiveness, rarely does it improve long term health and males regularly prefer females that are fatter than the females? own ideal.”

5．When a goby grows to within 5 10% of the size of its larger competitor, it________.

A. faces danger

B. has breeding rights

C. eats its competitor

D. leaves the group itself

6．The underlined words “the evicted fish” in Paragr aph 3 refer to ________.

A. the fish beaten up

B. the fish found out

C. the fish fattened up

D. the fish driven away

7．The experiment showed that the smaller fish________.

A. fought over a feast

B. went on diet willingly

C. preferred some extra food

D. challenged the boss fish 8．What is the text mainly about?

A. Fish dieting and human dieting.

B. Dieting and health.

C. Human dieting.

D. Fish dieting.

15

Find Which Direction Is South

Do you have a good sense of direction? If not, please take with you a compass. But if you forget to take a compass, you can still find your way.

It? s never a good idea to imagine that the family member who was entrusted(委托) with the job of map reading actually knows where the family is. Y ou can tell by the slightly confused look on their faces that nothing on the ground seems to match the map. Never mind. The sun is shining and it? s still morning. If you don?t know the exact time, you can still find out where so uth is, but you?ll need to be patient.

①Find a straight stick and put it in the ground in a place where you can mark its shadow.

②Try to position the stick as vertically(垂直) as you can.Y ou can check this by making a simple plumb line (铅锤线)with a piece of string and weight. Y ou haven? t got any string？OK, use a thread from your clothes with a button tied at the end to act as a weight.

③Mark the end of the shadow cast by the stick.

④Wait approximately half an hour and mark the end of the shadow again.

⑤Keep doing this until you have made several marks.

⑥The mark nearest the stick will represent the shortest shadow, which is cast at midday, when the sun is highest in the sky and pointing to the exact south.

⑦Pick a point in the distance along the line between the shortest shadow and the stick.

⑧That point is south of where you are.

⑨Now you can turn the map, like you did before, and find which way you should be travelling.

1．To find the direction, we ought to be patient probably because________.

A. it is not easy to find a proper stick

B. it is not easy to position the stick

C. it takes hours to make the marks

D. it takes about half an hour to make the marks

2．The passage would probably be most helpful to________.

A. those who draw maps

B. those who get lost

C. those who make compasses

D. those who do experiments

3．Which of the following pictures best shows the way of finding

the direction of south?

4．The author presents this passage by________.

A. telling an interesting story

B. describing an activity in a lively way

C. testing an idea by reasoning

D. introducing a practical method

16

Plants can?t communicate by moving or making sounds, as most animals do. Instead, plants produce volatile compounds，chemicals that easily change from a liquid to a gas. A flower? s sweet smell, for example, comes from volatile compounds that the plant produces to attract insects such as bugs and bees.

Plants can also detect volatile compounds produced by other plants.A tree under attack by hungry insects, for instance, may give off volatile compounds that let other trees know about the attack. In response, the other trees may send off chemicals to keep the bugs away —or even chemicals that attract the bugs? natural enemies.

Now scientists have created a quick way to understand what plants are saying: a chemical sensor(传感器) called an electronic nose. The “e nose” can tell compounds that crop plants make when they?re attacked.Scientists say the e nose could help quickly detect whether plants are being eaten by insects. But today the only way to detect such insects is to visually inspect individual plants. This is a challenging task for managers of greenhouses ，enclosed gardens that can house thousands of plants.

The research team worked with an e nose that recognizes volatile compounds. Inside the device, 13 sensors chemically react with volatile compounds. Based on these interactions, the e nose gives off electronic signals that the scientists analyze using computer software.

To test the nose, the team presented it with healthy leaves from cucumber, pepper and tomato plants, all common greenhouse crops. Then the scientists collected samples of air around damaged leaves from each type of crop. These plants had been damaged by insects, or by scientists who made holes in the leaves with a hole punch (打孔器)．

The e nose, it turns out, could identify healthy cucumber，pepper and tomato plants based on the volatile compounds they produce. It could also identify tomato leaves that had been damaged. But even more impressive, the device could tell which type of damage — by insects or with a hole punch — had been done to the tomato leaves.

With some fine tuning，a device like the e nose could one day be used in greenhouses to quickly spot harmful bugs, the researchers say. A device like this could also be used to identify fruits that are perfectly ripe and ready to pick and eat, says Natalia Dudareva, a biochemist at Purdue University in West Lafayette, Ind. who studies smells of flowers and plants. Hopefully, scientists believe, the device could bring large benefits to greenhouse managers in the near future.

5．We learn from the text that plants communicate with each other by________.

A. making some sounds

B. waving their leaves

C. producing some chemicals

D. sending out electronic signals

6．What did the scientists do to find out if the e nose worked?

A. They presented it with all common crops.

B. They fixed 13 sensors inside the device.

C. They collected different damaged leaves

D.They made tests on damaged and healthy leaves. 7．According to the writer, the most amazing thing about the e nose is that it can________.

A.pick out ripe fruits

B. spot the insects quickly

C. distinguish different damages to the leaves

D. recognize unhealthy tomato leaves

8 We can infer from the last paragraph that the e nose________.

A. is unable to tell the smell of flowers

B. is not yet used in greenhouses

C. is designed by scientists at Purdue

D. is helpful in killing harmful insects

17

The year 2009 is the Y ear of Ox. The ox is a representative of the farming culture of China. In the farming economy (经济), oxen are the major animals pulling plows (犁)．

Of course, the good of oxen is not limited to plowing. In fact, they are seen as “boats_on_land” for their ability to carry loads. Besides, the whole body of an ox is full of treasures. Their meat and milk are food full of nutrition, and their skin can be used to make clothes and shoes. With all these qualities, oxen are regarded as generous creatures.

In the past, oxen played an important role in the spiritual life of the Chinese. Even today, oxen still play a special part in some folk activities. For example, some people who live in southwest China will cook cattle bone soup and share it among family members when holding the ceremony for children who reach 13. They believe that the cattle bone soup represents the blood relationship among family members. In order to express their love for oxen, people in some other areas will run to shake off diseases on the 16th day of the first month by the lunar calendar (农历), and during their run they will take their oxen along，which indicates they regard the creature as human. Because of the contribution of oxen in their lives, the Chinese people are very grateful to the animal. In addition, the use of oxen in ceremonies and the thanks people owe to oxen help to develop various traditional customs, which becomes an important part of the folk culture of the Chinese nation.

1．The words “boats on land” underlined in Paragraph 2 refer to________.

A. animals for taking goods

B. creatures for pulling plows

C. treasures of the folk culture

D. tools in the farming economy

2．From the third paragraph, we know that________.

A. oxen are no more important today than in the past

B. ceremonies are held when people cook cattle bone soup

C. oxen are treated as human in some areas of China

D. people run with oxen to shake off diseases every month 3．Which of the following helps to develop traditional customs?

A. The special role of oxen in farming.

B. People? s respect and love for oxen.

C. The practical value of an ox?s body.

D. The contribution of oxen to the economy.

4．Why does the author write the text?

A. To stress the importance of oxen in farming.

B. To introduce the Chinese folk culture.

C. To describe how to celebrate the Y ear of Ox.

D. To explain how to develop agriculture with oxen.

18

Have you ever noticed the colour of the water in a river or stream after a heavy rainfall? What do you think caused this change in colour? It is soil that has been washed into the river from the riverbank or from the nearby fields.

Components of Soil Soil is made up of a number of layers (层) , each having its own distinctive colour and texture. The upper layer is known as the litter. It acts like a blanket，limiting temperature changes and reducing water loss. The topsoil layer is made up of small particles of rock mixed with rotten plant and animal matter called humus (腐殖质), which is black and gives the topsoil its dark colour. This layer is usually rich in nutrients, oxygen, and water. Below the topsoil is the subsoil, a layer that contains more stones mixed with only small amounts of organic matter. This layer is lighter in colour because of the lack of humus. Beneath the soil lies a layer of bedrock.

Soil forms from the bottom up. Over time bedrock is attacked by rain, wind, frost, and snow. It is gradually broken down into smaller particles in a process called weathering. Plants begin to grow，and rotten materials enrich the topsoil. Most of the soil in Eastern Canada ，for example ，was formed from weathered rock that was exposed when the ice disappeared 12,000 years ago. Water Beneath the Soil

Surface water collects and flows above the ground in lakes ，ponds, and rivers. Once in the soil or rock, it is called groundwater. Gravity pulls groundwater through the soil in a process called percolation(渗透). Eventually the water reaches a layer called the water table. Under this is bedrock through which water cannot percolate.

As water percolates downward, it dissolves organic matter and minerals from the soil and carries them to deeper layers.This causes a serious problem because plants require these nutrients for growth.

Soil pH Soil can be acidic, neutral, or basic. The pH of the soil is determined by the nature of the rock from which it was formed，and by the nature of the plants that grow and rot in it. The acidity of rain and snow can lower the pH of the groundwater that enters the soil. By burning fossil fuels such as coal ，oil and gasoline，humans have been contributing to higher levels of acidity in many soils. When fossil fuels are burned，gases are released into the air and then fall back to earth as acid rain. Acid soil increases the problem of carrying nutrients to lower soil levels. As nutrients are removed，soil is less fertile. Plants grow more slowly in acidic soil，and also become easily attacked by diseases.

5．The layer of soil that provides necessary nutrients for plant growth is called________.

A. litter

B. topsoil

C. humus

D. subsoil 6．According to the text, which of the following is NOT true?

A. Soil forms from weathered rock on the earth surface.

B. The deeper layer of soil is darker in colour than the surface soil.

C. Air pollution is partially responsible for acid soil.

D. Groundwater tends to carry away nutrients for plant growth. 7．We can infer from the passage that the water table lies________.

A. between the topsoil layer and the subsoil layer

B. in the subsoil layer above bedrock

C. between the subsoil layer and bedrock

D. in the bedrock layer beneath the subsoil

8．The underlined word “dissolve” is used to express the idea that organic matter and minerals from soil are________.

A. rushed away into the river

B. cleaned and purified by water

C. destroyed and carried away by water

D. mixed with water and become part of it

19

The latest research suggests that the key factor separating geniuses from the merely accomplished is not IQ, a generally bad predictor of success.Instead, it? s purposeful practice.Top performer s spend more hours practising their craft. If you wanted to picture how a typical genius might develop, you? d take a girl who possessed a slightly above average language ability. It wouldn? t have to be a big talent, just enough so that she might gain some sense of distinction. Then you would want her to meet, say, a novelist, who coincidentally shared some similar qualities. Maybe the writer was from the same town, had the same family background, or, shared the same birthday.

This contact would give the girl a vision of her future self.It would give her some idea of a fascinating circle she might someday join.It would also help if one of her parents died when she was 12, giving her a strong sense of insecurity and fuelling a desperate need for success. Armed with this ambition, she would read novels and life stories of writers without end. This would give her a primary knowledge of her field.She?d be able to see new writing in deeper ways and quickly understand its inner workings.

Then she would practise writing. Her practice would be slow, painstaking and error focused. By practising in this way，she delays the automatizing process. Her mind wants to turn conscious, newly learned skills into unconscious, automatically performed skills. By practising slowly, by breaking skills down into tiny parts and repeating, she forces the brain to internalize a better pattern of performance. Then she would find an adviser who would provide a constant stream of feedback, viewing her performance from the outside, correcting the smallest errors，pushing her to take on tougher challenges. By now she is redoing problems —how do I get characters into a room —dozens and dozens of times. She is establishing habits of thought she can call upon in order to understand or solve future problems.

The primary quality our young writer possesses is not some mysterious genius. It? s the ability to develop a purposeful, laborious and boring practice routine. The latest research takes some of the magic out of great achievement. But it underlines a fact that is often neglected. Public discussion is affected by genetics and what we?re “hard wired” to do. And it?s true that genes play a role in our capabilities. But the brain is also very plastic. We construct ourselves through behavior.

1．The passage mainly deals with________.

A. the function of IQ in cultivating a writer

B. the relationship between genius and success

C. the decisive factor in making a genius

D. the way of gaining some sense of distinction

2．By reading novels and writers? stories, the girl c ould________.

A. come to understand the inner structure of writing

B. join a fascinating circle of writers someday

C. share with a novelist her likes and dislikes

D. learn from the living examples to establish a sense of security

3．In the girl? s long painstaking training process，________.

A. her adviser forms a primary challenging force to her success

B. her writing turns into an automatic pattern of performance

C. she acquires the magic of some great achievements

D. she comes to realize she is “hard wired” to write

4．What can be concluded from the passage?

A. A fuelling ambition plays a leading role in one? s success.

B. A responsible adviser is more important than the knowledge of writing.

C. As to the growth of a genius, IQ doesn? t matter, but just his/her efforts.

D. What really matters is what you do rather than who you are.

20

237 West Palmdale Boulevard

Fresno, California 93706

AmToy Corporation Suite 15

TransAm Building San Francisco, California 94115 November 20,2008Dear Sirs，

As a concerned parent, I am writing to protest your recent advertisement for Electro Ro bo seen in local media in California. Specifically, I am referring to newspaper and magazine ads (attached to this letter)published the week of November 15.

Children respond to your type of advertising in an immature way；that is, they are unable to understand how expensive some toys are for middle class parents. Further, your product is violent in nature. Y our advertisement gives children the impression that it?s fine to have“two guns and laser eyes. ”Y ou also suggest that children need your toy to protect them“when you go outside. ”This is not a healthy attitude for children to have.

I hope you will stop advertising your product in such a way that may harm our children. Sincerely yours，

(Mrs.) Alma Hernandez

President, Parents for Non violent T oys Enc.

It?s Here ! Ready for Y ou, Now ! It?s Electro Robo !

Every boy dreams of being in control of a robot, and AmToy can make your dream come true! Electro Robo is the world?s first fully automatic robot with radio control. Standing 80 centimeters tall, Electro Robo is like a friend at home. He can walk, talk, and even shake your hand! He has two guns and laser eyes to help you defend yourself when you go outside with him. Every boy needs Electro Robo !

Ask your Mom and Dad to buy Electro Robo for your birthday or for Christmas, which is coming up soon. Imagine that you are in control of your friend for life, Electro Robo!

A vailable at all toy stores and department stores NOW!

5．What is the purpose of the letter?

A. To complain about a broken toy.

B. To oppose the advertising.

C. To order a gift for Christmas.

D. To apply for a job in a toy company.

6．Why does the writer of the letter feel that Electro Robo is violent?

A. It is controlled by radio waves.

B. It is expensive to buy.

C. It is 80 centimeters tall.

D. It bears arms. 7．What does“Enc. ”at the end of the letter mean?

A.Something attached to the letter.

B.A complaint to the toy company.

C. A hidden message.

D. An encouraging response.

8．Electro Robo can do all the following EXCEPT________.

A.sittingdown

B.shakinghands

C.talking

D.

walking

21

It was the first snow of winter —an exciting day for every child b teachers. Up until now, I had been able to dress myself for recess (课间休息), bu need some help.Miss Finlayson, my kindergarten teacher at Princess Elizabe Hamilton，Ontario，had been through first snow days many times in her long caree may still remember this one.

I managed to get into my wool snow pants. But I struggled with my j didn? t fit well. It was a hand me do w n from my brother, and it made me wond wear his ugly clothes. At least my hat and matching scarf were mine, and they w Finally it was time to have Miss Finlayson help me with my boots. In her calm, mo said, “By the end of winter, you will be able to put on your own boots. ”I didn?t re that this was more a statement of hope than of confidence.

I handed her my boots and stuck out my feet. Like most children, I expe do all the work. After much wiggling and pushing, she managed to get the first on then, with a sigh, worked the second one on too.

I announced, “They? re on the wrong feet. ”With the grace that only bring, she struggled to get the boots off and went through the joyless task of p again.Then I said，“ These aren?t my boots, you know.” As she pulled the offending feet, she still managed to look both helpful and interested. Once they were off, I s my brother? s boots. My mother makes me wear them, and I hate them ！” Some years of practice，she managed to act as though I wasn?t an annoying little girl. shoved, less gently this time, and the boots were returned to their proper place on great sigh of relief, seeing the end of her struggle with me, she asked, “Now，gloves？”

I looked into her eyes and said，“ I didn? t want to lose them, so I put th of my boots.”

1．According to the passage, the little girl got________from her brother.

A. the wool snow pants and the jacket

B. the jacket and the boots

C. the jacket and the hat

D. the boots and the gloves 2．What made it so hard for the teacher to help the little girl put her boots on?

A. The gloves in the toes of the boots.

B. The slowness of the teacher.

C. The wrong size of the boots D The unwillingness of the girl.

3．It can be inferred that before the little girl finally went out to enjoy the first the teacher had to help her put on her boots________.

A. once

B. twice

C. three times

D. four times

4．Which of the following sentences from the text BEST indicates that the considerate?

A. In her calm, motherly voice she said，“ By the end of winter....”( Paragraph

B. With the grace that only experience can bring, she struggled to... (Paragraph

C. ...she still managed to look both helpful and interested. ( Paragraph 4 )

D. ...she managed to act as though I wasn?t an annoying little girl. ( Paragraph 4

22

An increase in students applying to study economics at university is be (归因于) the global economic crisis awakening a public thirst for knowledge financial system works.

Applications for degree courses beginning this autumn were up by 15 according to UCAS, the Universities and Colleges Admissions Service. A spokesm Economic Society said applications to do economics at A level were also up.

Professor John Beath, the president of the society and a leading lecture University, said his first year lectures — which are open to students from all depa

drawing crowds of 400, rather than the usual 250.

“There are a large number of students who are not economics majors, who would like to learn something about it.One of the things I have done this year is to relate my teaching to contemporary events in a way that one hash? t traditionally done ，” he added. University applications rose 7% last year, but there were rises above average in several subjects. Nursing saw a 15% jump, with people?s renewed interest in careers in the public

sector(部门), which are seen as more secure in economic crisis. A recent study showed almost two thirds of parents believed schools should do more to teach pupils about financial matters, and almost half said their children had asked them what was going on, although a minority of parents felt they did not understand it themselves well enough to explain. Zack Hocking, the head of Child Trust Funds, said: “It?s possible that one good thing to arise from the downturn will be a generation that? s financially wiser and better equipped to manage thei r money through times of economic uncertainty. ”

5．Professor John Beath? s lectures are________.

A. given in a traditional was

B. connected with the present situation Copen to both students and their parentsD.warmly received by economists 6 Careers in the public sector are more attractive because of their________ A. greater stability B. higher pay

C. fewer applications

D. better reputation 7．In the opinion of most parents ，________. A. economics should be the focus of school teaching B. more students should be admitted to universities

C. the teaching of financial matters should be strengthened

D. children should solve financial problems themselves 8．According to Hocking, the global economic crisis might make the youngsters ________. A. wiser in money management B. have access to better equipment C. confident about their future careers D. get jobs in Child Trust Funds 9．What? s the main idea of 9．What? s the main ide a of the text? A. Universities have received more applications.

B. Economics is attracting an increasing number of students.

C. College students benefit a lot from economic uncertainty.

D. Parents are concerned with children? s subject selecttion.

23

A volcanic eruption in Iceland has sent ash across northern Europe. Airlines have stopped or changed the flights across the Atlantic Ocean, leaving hundreds of passengers stuck in airports.

Grimsvotn is one of the largest and most active volcanoes in Europe. What makes

Grimsvotn different is that it lies under a huge glacier(冰川) of ice up to 12 meters thick. The hot volcano heats up the ice above it, which then forms a layer (层) of water between the glacier and the volcano. This layer of water puts pressure on the volcano, keeping it stable. As the water flows ont from under the glacier, the pressure lifts. The lava(岩浆) from the volcano then comes up to the surface.This is exactly what happened today. Now, airlines have to make changes to their flights so as not to fly through the clouds of volcanic ash.According to KLM, one of Europe? s biggest airlines, airplanes cannot go under the cloud or over it. Going through the cloud can result i n ash getting stuck in the airplane? s engines, causing damage to the plane.

The eruption has also caused problems for animals in Iceland. The volcano left ash and sharp, glass like rocks all over the countryside.Farmers are keeping their animals inside to stop them from eating ash covered grass or the sharp objects?

1．What makes Grimsvotn different from other volcanoes? A. It is below ice B. It lies under the sea. C. It is the largest volcano.D. Its lava affects the airlines. 2．What keeps Grimsvotn still?

A. The slow flow of water

B. The low water temperature.

C. The thick glacier.

D. The water pressure.

3．Which of the following is the result of the volcanic eruption? A. People stop traveling in Europe. B. Airlines suffer from the loss of planes. C. It becomes dangerous for animals to eat outside.

D. Farmers have lost many of their animals.

4．This text is most probably taken from________. A. a research paper B. a newspaper report C. a class presentation D. a geography textbook

24

Tens of thousands of theatre tickets will be given away to young people n of a government campaign to inspire a lifelong love for theatre.

The plan to offer free seats to people aged between 18 to 26 — fund million of taxpayers? money — was announced yesterday by Andy Burnha Secretary .It received a cautious welcome from some in the arts world ，who expres

the tickets may not reach the most underprivileged. The plan comes as West End theatres are enjoying record audiences, t musicals teaming up with television talent shows. Attendances reached 13.6 million

percent on 2006, itself a record year. Total sales were up 18 percent on 2006 to million.

One theatre source criticised the Government? s priorities(优先考虑的free tickets when pensioners were struggling to buy food and fuel, saying: “I don? Government? s wasting money on this. The Y oung V ic, as The Times reporte excellent performances at cheap prices.”

There was praise for the Government? s plan from Dominic Cooke of t Theatre, who said: “I support any move to get young people into theatre, and esp

aims to do it all over England, not just in London.” Ninety five publicly funded theatres could apply for funding under the In return, they will offer free tickets on at least one day each week to 18 to 2

first come, first served. It is likely to be on Mondays, traditionally a quiet night

Mr. Burnham said: “A young person attending the theatre can find experience, and be inspired to explore a new world. But sometimes people miss o

they fear it? s…not for them?. It? s time to change this perception.”

Jeremy Hunt, the Shadow Culture Secretary, said: “The real issue enthusiastic children into the theatre ，but improving arts education so that more yo

to go in the first place. For too many children theatres are a no go area.”

5．Critics of the plan argued that________. A. the theatres would be overcrowded B. it would be a waste of money C. pensioners wouldn? t get free tickets

D. the government wouldn? t be able to afford it 6．According to the supporters, the plan should________. A. benefit the television industry B. focus on producing better plays C. help increase the sales of tickets D. involve all the young people in England

7．Which of the following is TRUE about the plan? A. Ninety five theatres have received funding.

B. Everyone will get at least one free ticket.

C. It may not benefit all the young people.

D. Free tickets are offered once every day

8．We can infer from the passage that in England________. A. many plays are not for young people

B. many young people don? t like theatre

C. people know little about the plan

D. children used to receive good arts education

9．According to the passage, the issue to offer free tickets to young people see

A. controversial

B. inspiring

C. exciting D unreasonable

. 25 Foreign drivers will have to pay on the spot fines of up to ￡900 for breaking the

traffic law to be carried out next month. If they do not have enough cash or a working credit crad, their vehicles will be clamped (扣留)until they pay —and they will face an additional fee of ￡ 80 for getting back their vehicles. The law will also apply to British citizens.The fines will be described officially as “deposits” when the traffic law takes effect, because the money would be returned if the driver went to court and was found not guilty. In practice, very few foreign drivers are likely to return to Britain to deal with their cases. Foreign drivers are rarely charged because police cannot take action against them if they fail to appear in court. Instead, officers often merely give warnings. Three million foreigu registered vehicles enter Britain each year. Polish vehicles make up 36 percent, French vehicles 10 percent and German vehicles 9 percent. Foreign vehicles are 30 percent more likely to be in a crash than British registered vehicles. The number of crashes caused by foreign vehicles rose by 47 percent between 2003 and 2008. There were almost 400 deaths and serious injuries and 3,000 slight injuries from accidents caused by foreign vehicles in 2008. The new law is partly intended to settle the problem of foreign lorry drivers ignoring limits on weight and hours at the wheel.Foreign lorries are three times more likely to be in a crash than British lorries. Recent spot checks found that three quarters of lorries that failed safety tests were registered overseas. The standard deposit for a careless driving offence — such as driving too close to the vehicle in front or reading a map at the wheel — will be ￡ 300. Deposits for speeding offences and using mobile phones will be ￡ 60. Foreign drivers will not get points as punishment added to their licenses, while British drivers will.

1．The first paragraph serves as a(n)________．

A.explanation

B.introduction

https://www.doczj.com/doc/fe19012577.html,ment

D. background 2．The foreign drivers who break the traffic law and do not pay on the spot are likely to be fined up to________.

A ￡60

B ￡30 C. ￡900

D ．￡ 980

3．We can learn from the passage that________.

A. many foreign drivers have been fined by British police

B. 300,000 German vehicles enter Britain every year

C. 25 percent of foreign vehicles entering Britain have failed safety tests

D. British drivers will be punished with points and fines for breaking the traffic law 4．The new traffic law is mainly intended to________. A. limit the number of foreign vehicles entering Britain B. increase the British government?s additional income C. lower the rate of traffic accidents and injuries

D. get foreign drivers to appear in court

26

Below are some classified ads from an English newspaper.

classified ads

FOR DIRECT CLASSIFIED SERVICE CALL 800 0557 10A. M. 4P . M. MONDAY FRIDAY ●FOR SALE

COME to our moving sale — Plants, pottery , books ，clothes, etc. Sat, Dec. 14th — 9a. m. 5p. m. 1612 Ferndale, Apt. 1,800 4696.

USED FUR COA TS and JACKETS. Good condition. $ 30 $ 50. Call 800 0436 after 12 noon. MOVING: Must sell. TV21, $ 50; AM/FM radio A/C or battery, $ 15; cassette tape recorder, $ 10. Call Jon or Pat ,800 0739 after 5p. m. or weekends.

SHEEPSKIN COA T ：man? s, size 42, 1 year old. $ 85. After 6 p. m. ,800 ●LOST AND FOUND

FOUND: Cat, 6 months old, black and white markings. Found near Linden Steve. 800 4661. LOST: Gold wire rim glasses in brown case. Campus area. Rewar 800 2896. FOUND: Set of keys on Tappan near Hill intersection. Identify key c 9662.

FOUND: Nov. 8th — A black and white puppy in Packard Jewett area. 8 ●PERSONAL

OVERSEAS JOBS —Australia, Europe, S. America, Africa. Students all p occupations, $ 700 to $ 3000 monthly. Expenses paid, overtime. Sightseeing. Free STUDENTS?UNION.

THE INTERNA TIONAL CENTER plans to publish a booklet of adventures. If you? d like to write about your foreign experiences, unusual or just pl call us (800 9310) an d ask for Mike or Janet. UNSURE WHA T TO DO?

Life Planning Workshop, Dec. 13th 15th. Bob and Margaret Atwood, ●ROOMMA TES

FEMALE ROOMMA TE W ANTED: Own room near campus. A vailable December 1st. Rent $ 3until March 1st. $ 450 thereafter. Call Jill for details, 800 7839.

NEED PERSON to assume lease for own bedroom in apt. near camp starting Jan. 1st. Call 800 6157 after 5p. m. ●DOMESTIC SERVICE EARLY HOUR WAKE UP SERVICE: For prompt, courteous wake up service, call 800 0760. ●HELP WANTED

BABYSITTER — MY HOME

If you are available a few hours during the day, and some evenings

school age children, please call Gayle Moore, days 800 1111, evenings and w 4964. PERSONS W ANTED for delivery work. Own transportation. Good pay. Stadium. Office 101, after 9 a. m. TELEPHONE RECEPTIONIST W ANTED. NO experience necessary. Go 2311 E. Stadium. Office 101 ，after 9 a. m.

W AITRESS WANTED: 10a. m. 2 p. m. or 10∶30 a. m. 5 p ．m. Apply

S. Main, Curtis Restaurant.

HELP WANTED for house cleaning 1/2 day on weekends. When —to b mutual convenience. Good wages. Sylvan Street. Call 800 2817.

5．Where will you post a notice if you need someone to look after your children? A. PERSONAL B. HELP WANTED .C. DOMESTIC SER

ROOMMA TES.

7．To have your travel notes published ，you may contact________.

A. Students? Unio

B. Gayle Moore

C. The International Center

D. Life Planning Workshop

8．If you want to have someone wake you up in the morning ，you may call______

A.8005224

B.8005770

C.8007839

D. 800 07 27

Welcome to Banff, Canada? s first, most famous and arguably most fasci

park. If you?ve come to ski or snowboard, we?ll see you on the slopes. Skiing is a lo too. While you? re here, try other recreational activities available in our moun choices include a Banff Gondola ride up Sulphur Mountain, bathe in the natural mi

the Upper Hot Spring, horse drawn sleigh ride, drive your own team dog sled excursion, and snowmobile tour to the highland (but not in the national park)． We also recommend you make time to enjoy simple pleasures. After looking around Banff A ve shops, walk a couple of blocks west or south to the scenic Bow River. Try ice skating on frozen Lake Louise where Ice Magic International Ice Sculpture Competition works are displayed after Jan 25. Y ou can rent skates in Banff or at the sport shop in the Fairmont Chateau Lake Louise hotel. Banff? s backcountry paths access a wilderness world of silence and matchless beauty — cross country skis and snowshoes provide the means. Banff sport shops rent equipment and

clothes, or join a n organized tour. Although we?ve been many times, we still find the cliffs and icefalls of our frozen canyons worth visiting. Wildlife watching also creates satisfying memories. We have seen hundreds of the elk and bighorn sheep that attract visitors, yet they still arouse a sense of wonder. And the rare spotting of a cougar, wolf or woodland caribou takes our breath away. See if simple pleasures work for you. Fight in the snow with your kids, walk bdside a

stream or climb to a high place and admire the view. —Banff Resort Guide Editors 1．According to the passage, Banff?s backcountry is accessible by________. A. cross country skiing B. horse drawn sleigh riding C. snowmobiling D. dogsledding 2．Which of the following is true according to the passage?

A. Dogsledding is the most popular sport among local people.

B. Watching wildlife is a memorable experience.

C. Travellers should bring their own sports equipment.

D. Shopping is too simple a pleasure to enjoy. 3．The purpose of the writing is to________. A. promote scenic spots in Canada

B. advertise for the sports in Banff

C. introduce tourist activities in Banff

D. describe breathtaking views in Banff

28 Sometimes ，the simplest ideas are the best. For example ，to absorb heat from the sun to heat water, you need large, flat ，black surfaces. One way to do that is to build those surfaces specially, on the roofs of buildings. But why go to all that trouble when cities are full of black surfaces already, in the form of asphalt (柏油) roads? Ten years ago, this thought came into the mind of Arian de Bondt, a Dutch engineer. He finally persuaded his boss to follow it up. The result is that their building is now heated in winter

and cooled in summer by a system that relies on the surface of the road outside. The heat collector is a system of connected water pipes.Most of them run from one side

of the street to the other, just under the asphalt road. Some, however, dive deep into the ground. When the street surface gets hot in summer, water pumped through the pipes picks up this heat and takes it underground through one of the diving pipes. At a depth of 100 metres lies a natural aquifer (蓄水层) into which several heat exchangers (交换器) have been built. The hot water from the street runs through these exchangers, warming the groundwater, before returning to the surface through another pipe. The aquifer is thus used as a heat store. In winter, the working system is changed slightly. Water is pumped through the heat exchangers to pick up the heat stored during summer. This water goes into the building and is used to warm the place up. After performing that task, it is pumped under the asphalt and its remaining heat keeps the road free of snow and ice.

4．Which of the following is true according to the first two paragraphs ? A. Arian de Bondt got his idea from his boss.

B. Large, flat, black surfaces need to be built in cities.

C. The Dutch engineer? s system has been widely used.

D. Heat can also be collected from asphalt roads. 5．For what purpose are the diving pipes used? A. To absorb heat from the sun. B. To store heat for future use.

C. To turn solar energy into heat energy.

D. To carry heat down below the surface. 6．From the last paragraph we can learn that________. A. some pipes have to be re arranged in winter

B. the system can do more than warming up the building

C. the exchangers will pick up heat from the street surface

D. less heat may be collected in winter than in summer

7．What is most likely to be discussed in the paragraph that follows? A. What we shall do if the system goes wrong. B. What we shall do if there are no asphalt roads. C. How the system cools the building in summer. D. How the system collects heat in spring and autumn.

29

It?s not easy being a teenager(13至19岁青少年)—nor is it easy being teenager. Y ou can make your child feel angry, hurt, or misunderstood by what yo

realizing it yourself. It is important to give your child the space he needs to grow letting him know that you?ll still be there for him when he needs you. Expect a lot from your child, just not everything. Except for health and sa

such as drug use or careless driving, consider everything else open to discussion. I unwilling to discuss something, don? t insist he tell you what? s on his mind. The m the more likely that he? ll clam_up. Instead, let him attempt to solve (解决) things

the same t ime, remind him that you?re always there for him should he seek advice respect for your teenager? s privacy (隐私). Never read his mail or listen in

conversations.

Teach your teenager that the family phone is for the whole family. If you the family ? s telephone for too long, tell him he can talk for 15 minutes, but then h the phone for at least an equal period of time. This not only frees up the line so th members can make and receive calls, but teaches your teenager moderation (节制)

open to the idea, allow your teenager his own phone that he pays for with his own

or a parttime job.

1．The main purpose of the text is to tell parents ________. A. how to get along with a teenager B. how to respect a teenager C. how to understand a teenager

D. how to help a teenager grow up

2．What does the phrase “clam up” in Para graph 2 probably mean ? A. become excited B. show respect C. refuse to talk D. seek help 3．What should parents do in raising a teenager according to the text? A. Not allow him to learn driving or take drugs.

B. Give him advice only when necessary.

C. Let him have his own telephone.

D. Not talk about personal things with him.

30

A few years ago ，Paul Gerner began to gather a group of architects in La

them what it would take to design a public school that used 50 percent less energy, to build and obviously improved student learning. “I think half of them chairs, ”Gerner says.

Gerner manages school facilities (设施) for Clark County, Nevada ，a distr

size of Massachusetts. By 2018,143,000 additional students will enter the alr public education system. Gerner needs 73 new schools to house them. Four arc have nearly finished designing primary school prototypes (样品) ；they plan to

schools starting in 2009. The district will then assess how well the schools perf

winners will copy those designs in 50 to 70 new buildings.

Green schools are appearing all over, but in Clark County ，which sta

vastness, such aggressive targets are difficult because design requirements like mo

for students go against the realities of a desert climate. “One of the biggest challe

the right site orientation(朝向) ，” Mark McGinty, a director at SH Architecture, says. His firm recently completed a high school in Las V egas. “Y ou have the same building, same set of

windows, but if its orientation is incorrect and it faces the sun, it will be really expensive to cool.” Surprisingly, the man responsible for one of the most progressive green design competitions has doubts about ideas of eco friendly buildings. “I don?t believe in the new green

religion ，” Gerner says.“Some of the building technologies that you get are impractical. I?m interested in those that work. ”But he wouldn?t mind if some green features inspire students. He says he hopes to set up green energy systems that allow them to learn about the process of harvesting wind and solar power. “Y ou never know what?s going to start the interest of a child to study math and science ，”he says.

4．How did the architects react to Gerner?s design requirements? A. They lost balance in excitement. B. They showed strong disbelief. C. They expressed little interest.

D. They burst into cheers.

5．Which order of steps is followed in carrying out the project? A. Assessment —Prototype —Design —Construction. B. Assessment —Design —Prototype —Construction. C. Design —Assessment —Prototype —Construction. D. Design —Prototype —Assessment —Construction. 6．What makes it difficult to build green schools in Clark County? A. The large size. B. Limited facilities.

C. The desert climate.

D. Poor natural resources. 7．What does Gerner think of the ideas of green schools?

A, They are questionable. B. They are out of date. C. They are advanced. D. They are practical. 31 GUA TEMALA CITY(Reuters)—A fish that lives in mangrove swamps(红树沼泽) across the Americas can live out of water for months at a time, similar to how animals adapted (适应)to land millions of years ago, a new study shows. The Mangrove Rivulus, a type of small killifish, lives in small pools of water in a certain

type of empty nut or even old beer cans in the mangrove swamps of Belize, the United States and Brazil. When their living place dries up, they live on the land in logs (圆木), said Scott Taylor ，a researcher at the Brevard Endangered Lands Program in Florida.

The fish ，whose scientific name is Rivulus marmoratus, can grow as large as three inches. They group together in logs and breathe air through their skin until they can find water again.

The new scientific discovery came after a trip to Belize.

“We kicked over a log an d the fish just came crowding out ，”Taylor told Reuters in neighboring Guatemala by telephone. He said he will make his study on the fish known to the public in an American magazine early next year. In lab tests, Taylor said he found the fish can live up to 66 days out of water without eating.

Some other fish can live out of water for a short period of time.The walking catfish found in Southeast Asia can stay on land for hours at a time, while lungfish found in Austra

lia, Africa and South America can live ont of water ，but only in an inactive state. But no other known fish can be out of water as long as the Mangrove Rivulus and remain active, according to Patricia Wright, a biologist at Canada?s University of Guelph. Further studies of the fish may tell how animals changed over time. “These animals live in conditions similar to those that existed millions of years ago ，when animals began making the transition (过渡) from water onto land, ”Wright said.

1．The Mangrove Rivulus is a type of fish that ________. A. likes eating nuts

B. prefers living in dry places

C. is the longest living fish on earth

D. cau stay alive for two months out of water

2．Who will write up a report on mangrove Rivulus? A. Patricia Wright B. Researchers in Guatemala. C. Scientists from Belize D. Scott Taylor. 3．According to the text, lungfish can ________. A. breathe through its sking B. move freely on dry land C. remain alive out of water D. be as active on land as in water

4．What can we say about the discovery of Mangrove Rivulus? A. It was made quite by accident.

B. It was based on a lab test of sea life.

C. It was supported by an American magazine.

D. It was helped by Patricia Wright.

32

“Old wives? tales” are beliefs passed down from one generation to example ，most of us remember our parents? telling us to eat more of certain food certain things. Is there any truth in these teachings? Some of them agree with p thinking ，but others have not passed the test of time.

Did your mother ever tell you to eat your carrots because they are good

Scientists now report that eating carrots can help prevent a serious eye disease degeneration. Eating just one carrot a day can reduce the possibility of getting this d Garlic(蒜)is good for you ，too. It can kill the type of virus that causes colds.

Unfortunately, not all of Mom?s advice passed the test of medical studies generations of children have been told not to go swimming within an hour aft research suggests that there is no danger in doing so. Do sweets cause tooth proble

and no. Sticky sweets made with grains tend to cause more problems than swe simple sugars. Even though science can tell us that some of our traditional

hold_water,_there i s still a lot of truth in the old wives? tales. After all, much of this been accumulated (积累) from thousands of years of experience in family health c

respect this body of knowledge even as we search for clear scientific support to p false.

5．Which of the following is TRUE according to the text? A. Eating garlic is good for our eyes B. Sticky sweets are damaging to o

C. Swimming after a meal is dangerous.

D. Carrots prevent people from catc

6．The author develops the third paragraph mainly________. A. by cause and effectt B. by order in space C. by order in time D.

7．The phrase“ hold water” in the last paragraph most probably means“________ A. to be believable B. to be valuable C. to be admirable D. to be 8．What is the author?s attitude toward“old wives? tales”in the text? A. Subjective. B. Objective. C. Dissatisfied. D. Curious. 33

Even at school there had been an unhealthy competition between George a

“I? ll be the first millionaire in Coleford ！” Richard used to boast. “And you?ll be sorry you knew me ，” George would reply “because I lawyer in town ！” George never did become a lawyer and Richard never made any mone

men opened bookshops on opposite sides of Coleford High Street. It was hard to from books, which made the competition between them worse.

Then Richard married a mysterious girl. The couple spent their honeymoo — but Richard never came back.The police found his wallet on a deserted beach bu never found. He must have drowned. Now with only one bookshop in town, business was better for George. Bu sat in his narrow, old kitchen and gazed out of the dirty window, thinking about his f 争对手). Perhaps he missed him?

George was very interested in old dictionaries. He? d recently found

Australia who was selling a rare first edition. When the parcel arrived, the book

condition and George was delighted. But while he was having lunch, George glanced at the photo in the newspaper that the book had been wrapped in. He was astonished — the smiling face was older than he remembered but unmistakable! Trembling, George started reading. “Bookends have bought ten bookstores from their rivals Dylans. The company, owned by multi millionaire Richard Pike, is now the largest bookseller in Australia.” 1．George and Richard were ________at school. A. roommates B. good friends C. competitors D. booksellers 2．How did George feel about Richard after his disappearance?

A. He en vied Richard?s marriage.

B. He thought of Richard from time to time.

C. He felt lucky with no rival in town .

D. He was guilty of Richard? s death. 3．George got information about Richard from ________. A. a dictionary collector in Australia B. the latter?s rivals Dylans

C. a rare first edition of a dictionary

D. the wrapping paper of a book 4．What happened to George and Richard in the end? A. Both George and Richard became millionaires. B. Both of them realized their original ambitions.

C. George established a successful business while Richard was missing.

D. Richard became a millionaire while George had no great success.

34 Remembering names is an important social skill. Here are some ways to master it. Recite and repeat in conversation.

When you hear a person? s name, repeat it. Immediately say it to yourself several times without moving your lips. Y ou could also repeat the name in a way that does not sound forced or artificial. Ask the other person to recite and repeat. Y ou can let other people help you remember their names.After you?ve been introduced

to someone ，ask that person to spell the name and pronounce it correctly for you. Most people will be pleased by the effort you?re making to learn their names. Admit you don? t know.

Admitting that you can? t remember someone? s name can actually make people relaxed. Most of them will feel sympath y if you say, “I? m working to remember names better. Y ours is right on the tip of my tongue. What is it again ？” Use associations.

Link each person you meet with one thing you find interesting or unusual. For example, you could make a mental note ：“V icki Cheng — tall, black hair.” To reinforce (加强) your associations, write them on a small card as soon as possible. Limit the number of new names you learn at one time.

When meeting a group of people, concentrate on remembering just two or three names. Free yourself from remembering everyone. Few of the people in mass introductions expect you to remember their names. Another way is to limit yourself to learning just first names. Last names can come later. Go early. Consider going early to conferences, parties and classes.Sometimes just a few people

show up on time. That?s fewer names for you to remember. And as more people arrive, you can

hear them being introduced to others — an automatic review for you.

5．How will most people feel when you try hard to remember their names? A. They will be moved B. They will be annoyed.

C. They will be delighted

D. They will be discouraged. 6．If you can?t remember someone?s name, you may ________. A. tell him the truth B. tell him a white lie C. ask him for pity D. ask others to help you 7．When you meet a group of people, it is better to remember________. A. all their names B. a couple of names first C. just their last names D. as many names as possible 8．What does the text mainly tell us? A. Tips on an important social skill. B. Importance of attending partie C. How to make use of associations D. How to recite and repeat name 35

We have met the enemy, and he is ours. We bought him at a pet shop. When m

disease usually found in the African rain forest, suddenly turns up in children in Midwest, it? s hard not to wonder if the disease that comes from foreign animals is human beings. “Most of the infections (感染) we think of as human infections s

animals ，” says Stephen Morse, director of the Center for Public Health Preparedne University.

It? s not just that we? re going to where the animals are ；we? re also bringi to us. Popular foreign pets have brought a whole new disease to this country. A

killed Isaksen? s pets, and she now thinks that keeping foreign pets is a bad idea. “I

s fair to have them as pets when we have such a limited knowledge of them ，” says “Laws allowing these animals to be brought in from deep forest areas w control need changing ，” says Peter Schantz. Monkey pox may be the_Researchers believe infected animals may infect their owners. We know very little a diseases. A new bug (病毒) may be kind at first. But it may develop into something

的). Monkey pox doesn? t look a major infectious disease. But it is not imposs disease from person to person.

1．We learn from Paragraph 1 that the pet sold at the shop may ________. A. come from Columbia B. prevent us from being infected

C. enjoy being with children

D. suffer from monkey pox

2．Why did Isaksen advise people not to have foreign pets? A. They attack human beings.

B. We need to study native animals.

C. They can? t live out of the rain fo rest.

D. We do not know much about them yet.

3．What does the phrase “the wake up call” in Paragraph 3 most probably mean A. a new disease B. a clear warning

C. a dangerous animal

D. a morning call

4．The text suggests that in the future we________. A. may have to fight against more new diseases B. may easily get infected by diseases from dogs C. should not be allowed to have pets D. should stop buying pets from Africa

36

Runners in a relay(接力)race pass a stick in one direction. However, merchants passed silk, gold, fruit, and glass along the Silk

Road in more than one direction. They earned their living by traveling the famous Silk Road. The Silk Road was not a simple trading network. It passed through thousands of cities and towns. It started from eastern China, across Central Asia and the Middle East, and ended in the Mediterranean Sea. It was used from about 200 B. C. to about A. D. 1300, when sea travel offered new routes (路线). It was sometimes called the world?s longest highway. However ，the Silk Road was made up of many routes, not one smooth path. They passed through

what are now 18 countries. The routes crossed mountains and deserts and had many dangers of hot sun, deep snow and even battles. Only

experienced traders could return safe. The Silk Road got its name from its most prized product. Silk could be used like money to pay taxes or buy goods. But the

traders carried more than just silk. Gold, silver, and glass from

Europe were much found in the Middle East and Asia.Horses traded from other areas changed farming practices in China. Indian merchants traded salt and other valuable goods.Chinese merchants traded paper, which produced an immediate effect on the West.

Apples traveled from central Asia to Rome.The Chinese had learned to graft(嫁接)different trees together to make new kinds of fruit. They passed this science on to others, including the Romans. The Romans used grafting to grow the apple. Trading along the Silk Road led to world wide business 2000 years before the World Wide Web.

The people along the Silk Road did not share just goods. They also shared their beliefs. The Silk Road provided pathways for learning，diplomacy(外交)，and religion (宗教)．

5. It?s probable that traders along the Silk Road needed________.

A. to remember the entire trade route

B. to know the making of products

C. to receive certain special training

D. to deal with a lot of difficulties

6. The Silk Road became less important because________.

A. it was made up of different routes

B. silk trading became less popular

C. sea travel provided easier routes

D. people needed fewer foreign goods

7. New technologies could travel along the Silk Road because people________.

A. learned from one another

B. shared each other?s beliefs

C. traded goods along the route

D. earned their living by traveling

8. What is the best title for the passage?

A. The Silk Road：Past and Present

B. The Silk Road: East Meets West

C. The Silk Road：Routes Full of Dangers

D. The Silk Road：Pathways for Learning

37

Four people in England ，back in 1953, stared at Photo 51.It wasn? t much —a picture showing a black X. But three of these people won the Nobel Prize for figuring out what the photo really showed —the shape of DNA. The discovery brought fame and fortune to scientists James Watson, Francis Crick，and Maurice Wilkins. The fourth, the one who actually made the picture, was left out.

Her name was Rosalind Franklin. “She should have been up there，” says historian Mary Bowden.“ If her photos hadn? t been there, the others couldn? t have come up with the structure.” One reason Franklin was missing was that she had died of cancer four years before the Nobel decision.But now scholars doubt that Franklin was not only robbed of her life by disease but robbed of credit by her competitors.

At Cambridge University in the 1950s, Watson and Crick tried to make models by cutting up shapes of DNA? s parts and then putting them together. In the meantime, at King? s College in London, Franklin and Wilkins shone X rays a t the molecule (分子). The rays produced patterns reflecting the shape.

But Wilkins and Franklin?s relationship was a lot rockier than the celebrated teamwork of Watson and Crick. Wilkins thought Franklin was hired to be his assistant. But the college actually employed her to take over the DNA project.

What she did was produce X ray pictures that told Watson and Crick that one of their early models was inside out. And she was not shy about saying so. That angered Watson, who attacked her in return，“ Mere inspection suggested that she would not easily bend. Clearly she had to go or be put in her place.”

As Franklin?s competitors, Wilkins, Watson and Crick had much to gain by cutting her out of the little group of researchers, says historian Pnina Abir Am. In 1962 at the Nobel Prize awarding ceremony, Wilkins thanked 13 colleagues by name before he mentioned Franklin. Watson wrote his book laughing at her. Crick wrote in 1974 that “Franklin was only two steps away from the solution.”

No, Franklin was the solution.“ She contributed more than any other player to solving the structure of DNA. She must be considered a co discoverer，” Abir Am says. This was backed up by Aaron Klug, who worked with Franklin and later won a Nobel Prize him self. Once described as the “Dark Lady of DNA”，Franklin is finally coming into the light.

1．What is the text mainly about?

A. The disagreements among DNA researchers.

B. The unfair treatment of Franklin.

C. The process of discovering DNA.

D. The race between two teams of scientists.

2．Watson was angry with Franklin because she________.

A. took the lead in the competition

B. kept her results from him

C. proved some of his findings wrong

D. shared her data with other scientists

3．Why is Franklin described as “Dark Lady of DNA” ?

A. She developed pictures in dark labs.

B. She discovered the black X— the shape of DNA.

C. Her name was forgotten after her death.

D. Her contribution was unknown to the public.

4．What is the writer?s attitude toward Wilkins ，Watson and Crick?

A. Disapproving.

B. Respectful.

C. Admiring.

D. Doubtful.

38

This was no ordinary class. The students who came together were all science or engineering professors at Cornell University. They had interrupted their research to accept an invitation to take part in an unusual experiment: “an interesting week of poetry.” This class was part of a study to answer the questions: Why is science difficult for many nonscience students? What can teachers learn about teaching if they take a class that is not in their field?

The students in the poetry class listened to lectures and took notes. They had reading tasks and had to write three short papers. All students noticed one thing—the importance of spoken words. In science and engineering classes, the instructors put tables and drawings on the blackboard. But in this poetry class, the instruc tors just talked. They didn?t write anything on the board.

The scientists and engineers noticed one similarity between science and poetry. In both subjects, students need to find layers(层次) of meaning. Some layers are simple, clear, and on the surface；other layers are deeper and more difficult. This search for different levels of meaning doesn?t happen much in undergraduate (本科) science classes, but it is important later, in graduate school. And it is always important in humanities(人文学科)．

Both the poetry instructors and their students learned

something about teaching from this experience. One poetry instructor, for example, now sees the importance of using careful，clear definitions (定义)when he explains a poem. He also plans to be more informative as he teaches. Most of the scientists agreed on several points. First, humanities classes might help science students to see patterns and decide which information is important. Second, the poetry class was fun. One engineer decided, “We need to change the way we teach engineering to make it an enjoyable experience for students.”

But perhaps the most important result of the experience was this：All of the professors began to think about how they teach and how they can teach better.

5. What do we know about this unusual class?

A. The teachers did lots of writing on the board.

B. The teachers were invited to attend several lectures.

C. The students were professors from a university.

D. The students were studying science and humanities.

6. The experiment was designed to find out________.

A. how to teach the students in the science class

B. whether poetry is difficult for science students

C. what to be taught in the humanities class

D. why many humanities students find science hard

7. Finding levels of meaning is________.

A. important for graduate students in humanities

B. difficult for graduate students in humanities

C. common for undergraduate students in science

D. easy for undergraduate students in science

8. What did the science professors learn after the experiment?

A. They should change the way they teach.

B. A poem could be explained in clear definitions.

C. A poetry class could be more informative.

D. Their teaching was an enjoyable experience.

39

When I was going home to India last year, I called up my mother to ask if she wanted anything from China.

When India had not opened up its markets to the world, I carried suitcase loads of dark glasses and jeans. Thankfully，we can get all these anywhere in India now.

Still, her answer surprised me，“ Green tea.”

As long as I can remember she didn? t even drin k Indian tea.

I dutifully bought a big packet of Longjing and headed home to hear the story. My mother and her brother, both regular newspaper readers, believed that Chinese green tea was the wonder drug for all illnesses.

At the turn of the century, China was not really familiar to the average Indian. It was a strange country.

How things change! And how soon!

Now every town of any size seems to have a “China Market”. And everyone is talking about China.

The government of India has planned to send a team to China to see how things are done. A minister once said that India must open the doors for more foreign investment(投资) and such a step would “work wonders as it did for China”．

But it?_s_a_two way_street. I j ust heard about a thousand Shenzhen office workers who have gone to Bangalore to train in software. Meanwhile, all the Indian IT majors are setting up a strong presence in China.

No wonder that trade, which was only in the millions just ten years ago, was expected to hit about US $15 billion for last year and US $20 billion by 2008, a goal set by both governments.

No wonder, my colleague wrote some weeks ago about this being the Sino Indian (中印)century as the two countries started on January 1 the Sino Indian Friendship Y ear.

But what is still a wonder to me is my mother drinking Chinese tea.

1．Why did the mother ask for Chinese green tea?

A. She was tired of Indian tea

B. She had a son working in China.

C. She believed it had a curing effect.

D. She was fond of Chinese products.

2．What does the author mean by “it? s a two way street” in Paragraph 10?

A. China and India have different traffic rules.

B. Tea trade works wonders in both India and China.

C. Chinese products are popular in both China and India.

D. The exchanges between India and China benefit both. 3．What do we know about the Indian IT industry?

A. It will move its head office to Shenzhen.

B. It is seeking further development in China.

C. It has attracted an investment of US $15 billion.

D. It caught up with the US IT industry in 2008.

4．In the text the author expresses________.

A. his concern for his mother? s health

B. his support for drinking Chinese green tea

C. his surprise at China? s recent development

D. his wonder at the growth of India? s IT industry

40

People believe that climbing can do good to health. Where can you learn the skill of climbing then? If you think that you have to go to the mountains to learn how to climb, you?re wrong. Many Americans are learning to climb in city gyms(体育馆). Here，people are learning on special climbing walls. The climbing wall goes straight up and has small holding places for hands and feet.

How do people climb the wall? To climb，you need special shoes and a harness (保护带) around your chest to hold you.There are ropes(绳索)tied to your harness. The ropes hold you in place so that yo u don?t fall.A beginner?s wall is usually about 15 feet high, and you climb straight up. There are small pieces of metal that stick out for you to stand on and hold on to. Sometimes it?s easy to see the next piece of metal. Sometimes, it?s not. The most di fficult part is to control your fear.It?s normal for humans to be afraid of falling, so it?s difficult not to feel fear. But when you move away from the wall, the harness and the ropes hold you，and you begin to feel safe. Y ou move slowly until you reach the top.

Climbing attracts people because it?s good exercise for almost everyone. Y ou use your whole body, especially your arms and legs.This sport gives your body a complete workout. When you climb，both your mind and your body can become stronger.

5. What can we infer from the passage?

A. People are fairly interested in climbing nowadays.

B. It is impossible to build up one?s body by climbing.

C. People can only learn the skill of climbing outdoors.

D. It is always easy to see holding places in climbing

39 CDBC40 ABBD

6. The most difficult thing to do in wall climbing is________.

A. to tie ropes to your harness

B. to control

your fear

C. to move away from the wall

D. to climb

straight up

7. T he word “workout” underlined in the last paragraph most

probably means________.

A. settlement

B. exercise

C. excitement

D.

tiredness

8. Why does the author write this passage?

A. To tell people where to find gyms.

B. To prove the basic need for climbing.

C. To encourage people to climb mountains.

D. To introduce the sport of wall climbing.

答案：

1 CADCC

2 ADABB

3 ABDCB

4 CABCB

5 CDCCB

6 ABDA

7 CADA8 BBACD

9 BCAA10 DABC

11 AADB 12 BDAB

13 DACD 14 ADBD

15 CBAD 16 CDC B

17 A BBB 18 BBCD

19 CABD 20 BDAA

21 BADD 22 BACAB

23 ADCB 24 BDCBA

25 BDDC 26 BBCD

27 ABC 28 DDBC

29 DCB 30 BDCA

31 DDCA 32 BDAB

33 CBDD 34 CABA

35 DDBA 36 DCAB

37 BCDA 38 CDAA

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