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考研英语翻译中表达观点句子的译法

考研英语翻译中表达观点句子的译法
考研英语翻译中表达观点句子的译法

考研英语翻译中表达观点句子的译法

无论在中文行文或是英文表达的过程中,都会出现某个人表达自己的观点的情况。而考研英语翻译考查的句子中也不乏类似表达,那么下面我们就来看一下,在考研英语真题中,出现了哪些用于表达观点的词语。而对于这些表达,我们又该如何处理?

这些词语根据意义可以分成两类:

第一类,直接译为“认为”的动词:

例1. Behaviorists, in contrast, say that differences in scores are due to the fact that blacks are often deprived of many of the educational and other environmental advantages that whites enjoy. (1990年65题)

译文:相比而言,行为主义者认为……

例2. Those who support the “nature”side of the conflict believe that our personalities and behavior patterns are largely determined by biological factors.(1990年62题)

译文:那些在争论中支持“天性”一方的人们认为……

例3. And it is imagined by many that the operations of the common mind can be by no means compared with these processes, and that they have to be acquired by a sort of special training. (1993年74题)

译文:很多人认为……

例4. Some philosophers argue that rights exist only within a social contract, as part of an exchange of duties and entitlements. (1997年72题)

译文:有些哲学家认为……

例5. The Greeks assumed that the structure of language had some connection with the process of thought, which took root in Europe long before people realized how diverse languages could be.(2004年61题)

译文:希腊人认为……

例6. Darwin was convinced that the loss of these tastes was not only a loss of happiness, but might possibly be injurious to the intellect, and more probably to the moral character.(2008年50题)

译文:达尔文认为……

其它出现表示“认为”的意义的句子还包括1994年的71题,1997年

74题,2004年的65题和2008年的46题。

第二类词语,根据词语本身含义来表达观点。

例7. They want to explain why we possess certain characteristics and exhibit certain behaviors.(1990年61题)

译文:他们想要解释……

例8. Behaviorists suggest that the child who is raised in an environment where there are many stimuli which develop his or her capacity for appropriate responses will experience greater intellectual development.(1990年64题)

译文:行为主义者建议……

例9. “In short,”a leader of the new school contends, “the scientific revolution, as we call it, was largely the improvement and invention and use of a series of instruments that expanded the reach of science in innumerable directions.”(1994年72题)

译文:简言之,一位新学派的领袖认为坚持称……

例10. But that, Pearson points out, is only the start of man-machine integration:“It will be the beginning of the long process of integration that will ultimately lead to a fully electronic human before the end of the next century.”(2001年73题)

译文:但是,皮尔森指出……

例11. This alone demonstrates that the television business is not an easy world to survive in, a fact underlined by statistics that show that out of eighty European television networks, no less than 50% took a loss in 1989. (2005年48题)

译文:仅这一点就证明……

例12. He asserted, also, that his power to follow a long and purely abstract train of thought was very limited, for which reason he felt certain that he never could have succeeded with mathematics.(2008年47)

译文:他也断言……

例13. He adds humbly that perhaps he was “superior to the common run of men in noticing things which easily escape attention, and in observing them carefully.”(2008年49题) 译文:他谦虚的补充道……

除了上述两类,我们仍需要注意的是,不仅是单个动词可以用于表达观点,有时长的词组也可以用来表达观点。

例14. It may be said that the measure of the worth of any social institution is its effect in enlarging and improving experience, but this effect is not a part of its original motive.(2009年46题)

译文:有人认为……

例15. On the whole such a conclusion can be drawn with a certain degree of confidence, but only if the child can be assumed to have had the same attitude towards the test as the others with whom he is being compared, and only if he was not punished by lack of relevant information which they possessed.(1992年75题)

译文:总体来说我们有信心得出这样的结论……

例16. but we have at least drawn near the point of admitting that birds should continue as a matter of intrinsic right, regardless of the presence or absence of economic advantage to us。(2010年47题)

译文:但是我们至少可以认为……

同学们在准备考研翻译的过程中,不妨将这些词汇总结出来,在翻译的时候如果遇到表达观点的词汇,就可以直接使用,减少思考时间。

凯程教育:

凯程考研成立于2005年,国内首家全日制集训机构考研,一直从事高端全日制辅导,由李海洋教授、张鑫教授、卢营教授、王洋教授、杨武金教授、张释然教授、索玉柱教授、方浩教授等一批高级考研教研队伍组成,为学员全程高质量授课、答疑、测试、督导、报考指导、方法指导、联系导师、复试等全方位的考研服务。

凯程考研的宗旨:让学习成为一种习惯;

凯程考研的价值观口号:凯旋归来,前程万里;

信念:让每个学员都有好最好的归宿;

使命:完善全新的教育模式,做中国最专业的考研辅导机构;

激情:永不言弃,乐观向上;

敬业:以专业的态度做非凡的事业;

服务:以学员的前途为已任,为学员提供高效、专业的服务,团队合作,为学员服务,为学员引路。

如何选择考研辅导班:

在考研准备的过程中,会遇到不少困难,尤其对于跨专业考生的专业课来说,通过报辅导班来弥补自己复习的不足,可以大大提高复习效率,节省复习时间,大家可以通过以下几个方面来考察辅导班,或许能帮你找到适合你的辅导班。

师资力量:师资力量是考察辅导班的首要因素,考生可以针对辅导名师的辅导年限、辅导经验、历年辅导效果、学员评价等因素进行综合评价,询问往届学长然后选择。判断师资力量关键在于综合实力,因为任何一门课程,都不是由一、两个教师包到底的,是一批教师配合的结果。还要深入了解教师的学术背景、资料著述成就、辅导成就等。凯程考研名师云集,李海洋、张鑫教授、方浩教授、卢营教授、孙浩教授等一大批名师在凯程授课。而有的机构只是很普通的老师授课,对知识点把握和命题方向,欠缺火候。

对该专业有辅导历史:必须对该专业深刻理解,才能深入辅导学员考取该校。在考研辅导班中,从来见过如此辉煌的成绩:凯程教育拿下2017五道口金融学院状元,考取五道口15人,清华经管金融专硕10人,人大金融专硕15个,中财和贸大金融专硕合计20人,北师大教育学7人,会计硕士保录班考取30人,翻译硕士接近20人,中传状元王园璐、郑家威都是来自凯程,法学方面,凯程在人大、北大、贸大、政法、武汉大学、公安大学等院校斩获多个法学和法硕状元,更多专业成绩请查看凯程网站。在凯程官方网站的光荣榜,成功学员经验谈视频特别多,都是凯程战绩的最好证明。对于如此高的成绩,凯程集训营班主任邢老师说,凯程如此优异的成绩,是与我们凯程严格的管理,全方位的辅导是分不开的,很多学生本科都不是名校,某些学生来自二本三本甚至不知名的院校,还有很多是工作了多年才回来考的,大多数是跨专业考研,他们的难度大,竞争激烈,没有严格的训练和同学们的刻苦学习,是很难达到优异的成绩。最好的办法是直接和凯程老师详细沟通一下就清楚了。

建校历史:机构成立的历史也是一个参考因素,历史越久,积累的人脉资源更多。例如,凯程教育已经成立10年(2005年),一直以来专注于考研,成功率一直遥遥领先,同学们有兴趣可以联系一下他们在线老师或者电话。

有没有实体学校校区:有些机构比较小,就是一个在写字楼里上课,自习,这种环境是不太好的,一个优秀的机构必须是在教学环境,大学校园这样环境。凯程有自己的学习校区,有吃住学一体化教学环境,独立卫浴、空调、暖气齐全,这也是一个考研机构实力的体现。此外,最好还要看一下他们的营业执照。

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Taken to an extreme,this theory maintains that our behavior is predetermined to such a great degree that we are almost completely governed by our instincts. Those who support the ―nurture‖ theory,that is,they advocate education,are often called behaviorists. They claim that our environment is more important than our biologically based instincts in determining how we will act. A behaviorist,B.F. Skinner,sees humans as beings whose behavior is almost completely shaped by their surroundings. The behaviorists maintain that,like machines,humans respond to environmental stimuli as the basis of their behavior. Let us examine the different explanations about one human characteristic,intelligence, offered by the two theories. Supporters of the ―nature‖theory insist that we are born with a certain capacity for learning that is biologically determined. Needless to say,they don‘t believe that factors in the environment have much influence on what is basically a predetermined characteristic. On the other hand,behaviorists argue that our intelligence levels are the product of our experiences. (64)Behaviorists suggest that the child who is raised in an environment where there are many stimuli which develop his or her capacity for appropriate responses will experience greater intellectual development. The social and political implications of these two theories are profound. In the United States, blacks often score below whites on standardized intelligence tests. This leads some ―nature‖ proponents to conclude that blacks are biologically inferior to whites. (65)Behaviorists,in contrast, say that differences in scores are due to the fact that blacks are often deprived of many of the educational and other environmental advantages that whites enjoy. Most people think neither of these theories can yet fully explain human behavior. 1991 年英译汉试题 The fact is that the energy crisis,which has suddenly been officially announced,has been with us for a long time now,and will be with us for an even longer time. Whether Arab oil flows freely or not,it is clear to everyone that world industry cannot be allowed to depend on so fragile a base. (71)The supply of oil can be shut off unexpectedly at any time,and in any case,the oil wells will all run dry in thirty years or so at the present rate of use. (72)New sources of energy must be found,and this will take time,but it is not likely to result in any situation that will ever restore that sense of cheap and plentiful energy we have had in the times past. For an indefinite period from here on,mankind is going to advance cautiously,and consider itself lucky that it can advance at all. To make the situation worse,there is as yet no sign that any slowing of the world‘s population is in sight. Although the birthrate has dropped in some nations,including the United States,the population of the world seems sure to pass six billion and perhaps even seven billion as the twenty-first century opens. (73)The food supply will not increase nearly enough to match this,which means that we are heading into a crisis in the matter of producing and marketing food. Taking all this into account,what might we reasonably estimate supermarkets to be like in the year2001? To begin with,the world food supply is going to become steadily tighter over the next thirty years—even here in the United States.By2001,the population of the United States will be at least two hundred fifty million and possibly two hundred seventy million,and the nation will find it difficult to expand food production to fill the additional mouths. (74)This will be particularly true since energy pinch will make it difficult to continue agriculture in the high energy American fashion that makes it possible to combine few farmers with high yields. It seems almost certain that by2001the United States will no longer be a great food exporting nation and that,if necessity forces exports,it will be at the price of belt tightening at home. In fact,as food items will end to decline in quality and decrease in variety,there is very likely to be increasing use of flavouring additives. (75)Until such time as mankind has the sense to lower its population

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