Unit 4 Pygmalion
话题词汇
1．masterpiece n．杰作
2．salon n．沙龙
3．exhibition n．展览
4．inspiration n．灵感；启发
5．realism n．现实主义
6．mirror v．反映
7．best seller 畅销书
8．work of art艺术作品
9．full shot全景
10．popular literature大众文学
经典语篇
《鲁滨逊漂流记》是英国丹尼尔·笛福(Daniel Defoe)写的一部著名小说。请根据下列要点写一篇简短的书评。
1．该书出版于1719年，它是一本最流行的历险小说之一；
2．简述小说的主要故事情节；
3．该书一部分是根据18世纪苏格兰水手Alexander Selkirk的事迹写的；
4．小说描写细致实际，引人入胜。
注意：词数100左右。
参考词汇：自给自足的self-sufficient；食人肉的野人cannibal
佳作欣赏
A Review of Robinson Crusoe
Robinson_Crusoe_is_one_of_the_most_popular_adventurous_novels_by_the_English _author_Daniel_Defoe，published_in_1719.①It is the story of Robinson Crusoe，an Englishman who is shipwrecked in a lonely tropical island.He builds himself a hut，grows his own food，and becomes self-sufficient.After_23_years_he_meets_with_a_group_of_cannibals_and_rescues_on e_of_their_prisoners，a_young_native_whom_he_calls_Friday.②Crusoe and his “man”Friday become close friends，and when_they_are_finally_rescued_four_years_later，both_of_them_return_to_England③.
Robinson Crusoe was partly based on the actual deeds of Alexander Selkirk，an 18th-century Scottish sailor who spent almost five years alone on a desert island.This_novel_is_famous_for_its_lovely_details_and_its_expression_of_belief_ in_man’s_ability_when_left_alone_in_nature.④
思维发散
1．将第①句改为复合句
Robinson_Crusoe_is_one_of_the_most_popular_adventurous_novels_by_the_English_aut hor_Daniel_Defoe，which_was_published_in_1719.
2．同义句改写第②句
After_23_years_he_meets_with_a_group_of_cannibals_and_rescues_one_of_their_priso ners，a_young_native_called_Friday_by_him.
3．将第③句改为简单句
Rescued_four_years_later，both_of_them_return_to_England.
4．将第④句补充完整
This_novel_is_famous_for_its_lovely_details_and_its_expression_of_belief_in_man ’s_ability_when_he_is_left_alone_in_nature.
Ⅰ.重点单词
A．写作单词
1．classify (vt.)把……分类；把……归类
classified (adj.)分类的；类别的
classification (n.)分类；类别
2．remark (n.)谈论；言论；评述；(vt.& vi.)谈论；评论；说起
3．compromise (n.& vi.)妥协；折衷
4．overlook (vt.)俯视；忽视；不理会
5．fade (vi.& vt.)(使)褪色；减弱；逐渐消失
6．handful (n.)一把；少量
7．rob (vt.)抢劫；盗窃；剥夺
8．effective (adj.)有效的
effect (n.)影响；效果
affect (vt.)影响；感染；感动
9．fortune (n.)机会；运气；大笔的钱
fortunate (adj.)幸运的；侥幸的
fortunately (adv.)幸运地；侥幸地
10．status (n.)身份；地位；职位
11．mistaken (adj.)(见解或判断上)错误的；不正确的mistake (vt.)弄错；误解；(n.)错误；过失；误会12．condemn (vt.)谴责；使……处于不幸(不愉快)的状态condemned (adj.)被判罪的
B．阅读单词
13．troublesome (adj.)带来麻烦的；使人心烦的
14．brilliant (adj.)光辉灿烂的；杰出的；才华横溢的15．betray (vt.)显露出(本来面目)；背叛
16．authentic (adj.)真实的；真正的；可信的；可靠的17．musical (adj.)音乐的；喜爱音乐的；(n.)音乐喜剧18．shabby (adj.)破旧的；寒酸的
19．referee (n.)裁判员；仲裁者
20．horrible (adj.)可怕的；恐怖的
21．sob (vi.)啜泣；抽噎；(n.)啜泣(声)；抽噎(声) 22．whistle (v.)吹口哨；发出汽笛声；(n.)口哨声；汽笛声23．wallet (n.)皮夹；钱包
24．outcome (n.)结果；效果
25．superior (adj.)优秀的；较高的；上级的；(n.)上级；长官26．adaptation (n.)适应(性)；改编本
adapt (vt.)(使)适应；改编
adaptable (adj.)能适应的
27．classic (adj.)经典的；第一流的；(n.)经典著作classical (adj.)古典的；经典的
28．hesitate (vi.)犹豫；踌躇
hesitation (n.)犹豫；踌躇
29．uncomfortable (adj.)不舒服的；不安的；不自在的uncomfortably (adv.)不舒服地；不自在地
30．extraordinary (adj.)不同寻常的；非凡的
ordinary (adj.)普通的；平凡的
31．properly (adv.)适当地；恰当地
proper (adj.)适当的；恰当的
32．acquaintance (n.)相识；了解；熟人
acquaint (vt.)使认识；使了解
33．disgusting (adj.)使人反感的；令人厌恶的
disgusted (adj.)厌恶的；厌烦的
disgust (vt.)使作呕；使厌恶；(n.)作呕；厌恶
Ⅱ.重点短语
1．pass...off_as...(把某人)改变或冒充成……
2．make_one’s_acquaintance结识；与……相见
3．generally_speaking一般来说
4．in_terms_of...就……来说，从……角度
5．show...in带或领……进来
6．once_more再一次
7．in_need_of...需要……
8．fade_out(声音、画面)逐渐模糊；渐淡
Ⅲ.经典句式
1．While_watching，he makes notes.
他边看边做笔记。
2．What_if I was?
如果我是那又怎样？
3．But，sir，(proudly)once_educated_to_speak_properly，that girl could pass herself off in three months as a duchess at an amba ssador’s garden party.
但是，先生，一旦被教以恰当的谈吐方式，这个女孩在三个月后就可以冒充大使花园聚会上的贵妇人。
4．Henry Higgins and Colonel Pickering are sitting deep_in_conversation.
亨利·希金斯正与皮克林上校坐着进行深入的交谈。
5．I’d_never_have_come_if_I’d_known_about this disgusting thing you want me to do...
要是我知道你们想让我做这样令人厌恶的事情，我绝不会来……
Ⅳ.课文语法填空
Eliza Doolittle was 1.an unrefined，dirty flower girl with poor phonetics 2.while Professor Higgins was an expert in phonetics.One day they happened to meet each other while 3.hiding(hide) from the rain.When Eliza was talking with a gentleman，Higgins always watched her and took notes,4.which made her worried，for she thought he was
a policeman 5.in disguise.In fact he just showed interest in her poor phonetics and
6.made(make) a bet with Colonel Pickering who he was going to meet.Higgins said once
https://www.doczj.com/doc/f818265899.html,cated(educate) to speak 8.properly(proper)，Eliza could pass herself off in three months 9.as a duchess at an ambassador’s garden party.After that Higgins threw
a handful of money into her basket and left with Pickering，leaving Eliza excited
10.and in amazement.Eliza decided to find him the next day.
1.hesitate v.犹豫，踌躇，迟疑不决 be slow to act or do ；顾虑；疑虑 be worried about
[应试指导] 写作中用do...without hesitation代替don’t hesitate to do...
(1)I will not hesitate to take unpopular decisions.
我会毫不犹豫地作出并不受欢迎的决定。
(2)She hesitated over the choice between the two dresses.
这两件衣服究竟选哪一件，她犹豫不决。
多维训练
(1)单句语法填空
①He never hesitates to_help(help) me whenever I’m in trouble.
②Seeing the girl struggling in the lake，he threw himself in the icy water without hesitation，and saved her from drowning.
(2)同义句改写
I would decline the post without hesitation.
①I_would_have_no_hesitation_in_declining_the_post.(用have no hesitation in...改写)
②I_wouldn’t_hesitate_to_decline_the_post.(用hesitate改写)
2.acquaintance n.认识的人；泛泛之交 a person one knows but not a close friend ；熟人； 对某事物的 了解 knowledge of
(1)I made his acquaintance/made the acquaintance of him two years ago.
我是两年前认识他的。
(2)I have some acquaintance with Spanish.
我懂一点西班牙语。
(3)I can’t say I know him well，but we have a nodding acquaintance.
我不能说我和他很熟，不过我们有点头之交。
[特别提醒]
acquaintance用作不可数名词，表“熟悉，认识”，有时在其前加不定冠词，表某种程度的熟悉与了解，与with连用；用作可数名词，表示“熟悉的人”。
多维训练
同义句改写
(1)I’ve been acquainted with their customs.(用含有反身代词的短语改写)
I_have_acquainted_myself_with_their_customs.
(2)We made the acquaintance of him four years ago.(用be acquainted with改写) We_have_been_acquainted_with_him_since_four_years_ago.
3. fortune n.机会；运气；大笔的钱；财富；命运
(1)The discovery of gold in Australia led thousands to believe that a fortune was to be made.
在澳大利亚发现黄金这件事使成千上万的人相信(他们)会发大财。
(2)These two brothers decided to go to big cities to try their fortune.
这兄弟俩决定去大城市碰碰运气。
多维训练
(1)写出下列句子中fortune的汉语意思
①He made a considerable fortune selling waste materials.大笔的钱
②I had the good fortune to be chosen for a trip abroad.运气
(2)同义句改写
She is fortunate to have a good husband.(用it作形式主语改写)
It_is_fortunate_that she has a good husband.
4. in terms of就……来说；从……角度
[应试指导] 作为写作高频词汇替代about，as for，as to
(1)Sometimes the whole is best understood in terms of the whole.
有些时候，按照整体来理解整体是最好的方法。
(2)In their terms，cutting government spending is the most important thing.
根据他们的观点，削减政府开支是最重要的事情。
多维训练
(1)We are on_good_terms_with(和……关系很好) all our neighbors.
(2)This plan is of great benefit in_the_long_term(从长远来看)．
(3)In_terms_of_health(从健康的角度来看)，eating less is quite necessary.
(4)It’s hard to come_to_terms_with_being_unemployed(接受失业)．
(5)US companies want to be able to compete_on_equal_terms_with(在平等的条件下与……竞争) their overseas rivals.
5. remark n.谈论；言论；评述；v.谈论；评论；说起
多维训练
(1)单句语法填空
①Anna got really angry by Jack’s rude remarks about/on/over her figure.
②It’s bad manners to_remark(remark) on others.
③Ellen later regretted her remarks(remark) about his private affairs.
(2)同义句改写
Don’t remark on her appearance rudely.(用remark的名词短语改写)
Don’t_make_rude_remarks_on_her_appearance.
(3)翻译句子
她父亲说该走了。
Her_father_remarked_that_it_was_time_to_leave.
6. How about beginning with the alphabet.,先从字母教起怎么样。
句型公式：How/What about...？
(1)How about going for a walk?
去散步好吗？
(2)What’s the weather like in London?
伦敦的天气怎么样？
多维训练
(1)翻译句子
①到我的餐馆里打工怎么样？
How_about_working_in_my_restaurant?
②再来一杯咖啡怎么样？
What_about_another_cup_of_coffee?
(2)一句多译
你对这个计划是什么看法？
①What_do_you_think_of_this_plan？(think of)
②How_do_you_find_the_plan？(find)
③What_is_the_plan_like？(be...like)
Ⅰ.语境填词
1．We tend to blame TV，he says，for problems it doesn’t really cause，overlooking(忽
视) our own roles in shaping children’s minds.(2015·广东)
2．Her fantasies include painting the classrooms of shabby(破旧的) schools，leaving hot meals on kitchen tables in the poor part of town，and giving money secretly to a proud old lady.(2014·广东)
3．The author managed to get the boy to talk to her by avoiding making critical remarks(言论)．(2014·湖北)
4．Europeans see a piggy bank as a sign of good fortune(财富) and wealth.(2014·浙江)
5．In the UAE，status(地位) is important，so the most senior or oldest should be greeted first with their titles.(2014·浙江)
Ⅱ.单句语法填空
1．But I wouldn’t hesitate to_spend(spend) on a good haircut.(2013·新课标全国Ⅰ) 2．This passage can be classified as a book review.(2010·湖北)
3．Anderson suggests that television cannot be_condemned(condemn) without considering other influences.(2015·广东)
4．Do you wake up every morning feeling(feel) energetic and ready to start a new day? (2011·湖南)
5．If you have_been_betrayed(betray)，you are the victim of your circumstance.(2015·全国Ⅰ)
6．When the clerk saw a kind face wrinkled in an apologetic smile，she stood rooted to the ground，wondering(wonder) whether to stay or leave.(2015·湖南) 7．Actually，a standard，once set，resists change.(2010·重庆)
8．A college classmate of mine(I)，Tim，was an excellent football player，even though he weighed much less than the average player.(2015·天津)
9．Clearly and thoughtfully written(write)，the book inspires confidence in students who wish to seek their own answers.(2014·天津)
10．When a couple goes out for an anniversary dinner，for example，the thought of feeling superior to others probably never comes to them.(2012·重庆)
Ⅲ.短语填空
generally speaking，in terms of，in need of，once more，rob...of
1．For some people，forgiving themselves is the biggest challenge.But it can rob you of your self-confidence if you don’t do it.(2013·辽宁)
2．I congratulate you once_more；this is the best thing you could have done.(2012·湖北)
3．After completing my training，I was sent to the village that was small and desperately in_need_of proper accommodation.(2014·广东)
4．In_terms_of language development，later-borns learn a lot from their elder siblings.(2012·湖北)
5．The limits of a person’s intelli gence，generally_speaking，are fixed at birth，but whether he reaches these limits will depend on his environment.(2012·安徽) Ⅳ.完成句子
1．这个硬币质量很高值得收藏。
The coin is_of_high_quality and worth collecting.(2013·福建)
2．——John一个人去了医院。
——他若是告诉我他要去医院的话，我就跟他一起去了。
—John went to the hospital alone.
—If he had_told me about it，I would_have_gone with him.(2010·天津)
3．被检测出H7N9禽流感呈阳性的任何人，将接受我们政府的免费医学治疗。
Anyone，once_tested positive for H7N9 flu virus，will receive free medical treatment from our government.(2013·福建)
4．在等待交通灯变成绿色时，许多想法产生了。
And much of their thinking takes place while_waiting_for_the_traffic_light_to_turn_green.(2014·天津)
5．如果发现学生把他的组合(密码)告诉了其他人怎么办？
What_if_a_student_is_found_to_have_told his combination to others? (2015·天津)
写作素材(关于交际)
1．当我上大学的时候，我读了一个高级教授改编的剧本。
2．我有个问题想问他，但犹豫不决。
3．因为我怕我会出错，并且他高高在上，恐怕他会看不起我这样穷酸的学生。
4．但是，我后来发现，他非同寻常。
5．我们就像熟人一样进行了交谈，从他身上我学到了很多。
提示：黑体部分用本单元词汇表达，并且请使用过去分词短语作定语，such...that...引导的状语从句等。
连句成篇(将以上句子连成一篇50词左右的英语短文)
When I was at college，I read a play adapted by a superior professor.I hesitated to ask him a question because I was afraid that I might be mistaken and that he was
so upper that he would overlook such a shabby student like me.But as I found later，he was extraordinary.We talked as if we had been acquaintances，and I learned a lot from him.
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
I Just Forgot Mercer Mayer Price：3.99
In this appealing picture book about Mayer’s popular character，Little Critter struggles to remember what he is supposed to do each day.On rainy days he remembers his raincoat but forgets his boots.On school days he gets to school on time but forgets his lunchbox.At home he takes a bath but forgets to use soap.Poor little Critter！Every young reader will understand little Critter’s confusion and laugh with him from start to finish.
Zeitoun Dave Eggers Price：10.85
It tells the true story of one family caught between two of America’s biggest policy disasters：the war on terror and the response to Hurricane Katrina.In the days following the hurricane，the hero Zeitoun travels the city by canoe，feeding abandoned animals and helping elderly neighbors.Then police officers arrest Zeitoun in his home.Zeitoun is an account of one family’s unthinkable struggle with forces beyond wind and water.
Get It Work Robert Goodman Price：25.12
With this fully pictured，simple-to-use guide，you will get a grasp of the workings of the electronics world that surrounds you and even learn to make your own repairs.This is a book for true beginners.This book features how to understand and fix：color TVs，radios，CD players，etc.
Natural Disasters Nicholas Wade Price：16.95
It gathers The New York Times’ finest articles about humankind’s quest to understand natural disasters.Possible causes and effects of global warming are studied，as is the surprising force of nature’s violent excitement i n such phenomena as hurricanes，forest fires and others.
1．Which of the following is about a sad story?
A．I Just Forgot B．Zeitoun
C．Natural Disasters D．Get It to Work
答案 B
解析细节理解题。根据Zeitoun书中的第一句“It tells the true story of one family caught between two of America’s biggest policy disasters”可知，此书描述的是一个悲惨故事。故答案为B。
2．If you want to learn to repair your radio，you can read .
A．Zeitoun B．I Just Forgot
C．Get It to Work D．Natural Disasters
答案 C
解析细节理解题。根据Get It Work书中提到的“even learn to make your own repairs”可知这是一部介绍维修知识方面的书。故答案为C。
3．Who edits the articles from the paper?
A．Mercer Mayer. B．Dave Eggers.
C．Nicholas Wade. D．Robert Goodman.
答案 C
解析推理判断题。根据最后一段Natural Disasters中的第一句“It gathers The New York Times’ finest articles about humankind’s quest to understand natural disasters.”可知这是作者Nicholas Wade从纽约时报上面收集的一些好文章编写的，故答案为C。
B
The ancient Maya built many large cities in what is known as their classic period，which lasted from about 250 A．D.until about 900.Each city had its own king and ruling class.The cities traded with one another，but often fought as well.Around the year 900，the Maya abandoned many of their cities.
Archaeologists and other scientists have long puzzled over why the Maya left.They have examined the cities carefully，and studied the settlements that surround them.In Copan they found many tools dating from 500 to about 1000 and a few tools dating from about 1000 to 1200.They found that no new monuments had been built after 822.From plant remains，they concluded that the area around Copan had been farmland，and other evidence suggested that the land had been overfarmed.In view of the evidence，the scientists concluded that a large population had lived in Copan until about 1000，but that as more people farmed the land，the soil had lost its richness and produced fewer crops，causing the Maya there to suffer from malnutrition(营养不良)，as an analysis of skulls has shown.As a result，people began to leave Copan around the year
1000.
War may also have caused the Maya to abandon some of their cities.For example，it is thought that a rival(敌对) city，Caracol，may have once conquered Tikal.100 years later Tikal returned to power，and the ruling family built temples to honour its victory.However，by the end of the 800s，Tikal was no longer powerful，and its inhabitants left.Although we do not know for certain why many ancient Maya abandoned their cities，today’s Maya may provide us with clues.The modern Maya still live on the lands in Mexico and Guatemala that their ancestors occupied.Many present-day Maya still have ancient beliefs and farming practices，and studying these may help us discover more about ancient Maya culture.
4．According to the text，we know that Copan flourished from .
A．500 to 822 B．250 to 900
C．822 to 1000 D．1000 to 1200
答案 A
解析推理判断题。根据第二段可知，在公元500年至1000年期间大量的农具被发现；1000年至1200年间只发现少量的农具；但是在822年之后就没有新的遗迹出土了，故可推知，科潘城的繁荣时期应该定位在公元500至822年期间。
5．In Copan，scientists found evidence that the Maya .
A．had been defeated by the people of Caracol
B．had overfarmed the land and suffered from poor health
C．had been involved in a conflict with Tikal
D．had left the city because of a war
答案 B
解析细节理解题。根据第二段可知，人们对农田的过度开垦导致土地营养的流失，最终导致那里的古玛雅人营养不良。故选B项。
6．It’s probable that scientists will not agree on why the Maya abandoned their cities .
A．until more cities are found
B．without more physical evidence
C．until modern practices are better understood
D．without comparing the Maya to other ancient cultures
答案 B
解析推理判断题。根据第二段和第三段可知研究人员为了弄明白为什么玛雅人放弃了他们赖以生存的城池故土，找了很多证据来证明，所以可以推出B项正确。
7．The scientists think studying the beliefs and practices of the modern Maya will help them understand ancient Mayan civilization because the modern Maya . A．are identical to the ancient ones
B．have the best farming practices
C．know what their ancient civilization was like
D．carry on some of their ancestors’ beliefs and practices
答案 D
解析细节理解题。根据尾段可知，科学家们之所以认为研究现代玛雅人的信仰及风俗习惯有助于了解古玛雅文明，是因为现代玛雅人传承了古玛雅人的一些信仰及风俗习惯。故选D 项。
Ⅱ.七选五
Many people think of guys as being carefree when it comes to their appearance.But in fact，a lot of guys spend plenty of time in front of the mirror.They care just as much as girls do about their body image.
Body image is a person’s opinions and feelings about his or her own body and physical appearance. 8 You appreciate your body for its capabilities and accept its imperfections.
9 Here are some ideas.
Recognize your strengths.Different body types are good for different things.What does your body do well? Maybe your speed，strength，or coordination makes you better than others at a certain sport.That may be basketball，table tennis，mountain biking，dancing，or even running.Or perhaps you have non-sports skills，like drawing，painting，singing，playing a musical instrument，writing，or acting. 10
Exercise regularly.Exercise can help you look well and feel good about yourself.Good physiques (体形) don’t just happen. 11 A healthy habit can be as simple as exercising 20 minutes to one hour three days a week.Working out can also lift your spirits.
Respect your body! Practicing good habits—regular showering；taking care of your teeth，hair，and skin；wearing clean clothes，and so on—can help you build a positive body image.
12 Your body is just one part of who you are.Your talent for comedy，a quick wit(智慧)，and all the other things make you unique.So try not to let small imperfections take over.
A．Use this as an opportunity to discover what you’re good at.
B ．Be yourself.
C ．Having a positive body image means feeling satisfied with the way you look.
D ．Just explore talents that you feel good about.
E ．They take hard work ，regular workouts ，and a healthy diet.
F ．The good news is that self-image and body image can be changed.
G ．So ，what can you do to develop a positive body image?
答案 8.C 9.G 10.D 11.E 12.B
Ⅲ.短文改错
Last Sunday morning ，when I was having a walk in the park near my home ，I came across a crew make a new film with one of my favourite actor.I didn’t have my camera with me at that time ，but I rushed back to home to get it.Fortunately ，by the time I got back ，they have finished the scene and the actor couldn’t be seen anywhere.I was really disappointing and about to leave when he walked out a building.He was right there in front of me ！I couldn’t believe my luck—not only did I had my photo taken with him ，but he signed his name in my shirt!
答案
Last Sunday morning ，when I was having a walk in the park near my home ，I came across
a crew make making a new film with one of my favourite actor actors
.I didn’t have my camera with me at that time ，but and/so I rushed back to home to get it.Fortunately Unfortunately
，by the time I got back ，they
have had finished the scene and the actor couldn’t be seen anywhere.I was really disappointing disappointed
and about to leave when he walked out ∧of a building.He was right there in front of me ！I couldn ’t believe my luck—not only
did I had have my photo taken with him ，but he signed his name in on
my shirt!
绝密★启封前试卷类型A 2017年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（全国1卷）
英语 （考试时间：120分钟试卷满分：150分） 第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分) 略 第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A Pacific Science Center Guide ◆Visit Pacific S cience Center’s Store Don’t forget to stop by Pacific Science Center’s Store while you are here to pick up a wonderful science activity or remember your visit. The store is located(位于) upstairs in Building 3 right next to the Laster Dome. ◆Hungry Our exhibits will feed your mind but what about your body? Our café offers a complete menu of lunch and snack options, in addition to seasonal specials. The caféis located upstairs in Building 1 and is open daily until one hour before Pacific Science Center closes. ◆Rental Information Lockers are available to store any belongings during your visit. The lockers are located in Building 1 near the Information Desk and in Building 3. Pushchairs and wheelchairs are available to rent at the Information Desk and Denny Way entrance. ID required. ◆S upport Pacific Science Center Since 1962 Pacific Science Center has been inspiring a passion(热情) for discovery and lifelong learning in science, math and technology. Today Pacific Science Center serves more than 1.3 million people a year and beings inquiry-based science education to classrooms and community events all over Washington State. It’s an amazing accomplishment and one we connot achieve without generous support
高考英语阅读理解解题技巧之推理判断 这类题主要考查学生根据文章的字面意思，通过语篇逻辑关系，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓意等。推理判断题属于主观性较强的高层次阅读理解题。做这类题时，考生应在理解全文的基础上，从文章本身所提供的信息出发，运用逻辑思维，同时借助一定的常识进行分析、推理、判断。 提问整篇文章或某句某段的含蓄意思时，问句中都含有infer, imply, indicate, suggest (推断，暗指)等词。对付这类题时我们不仅要弄懂文章字面的意思，更重要的是要知道文章潜在的含义，和作者所给的提示。同时要对文章的含义和作者的暗示作合理的猜测和推论。关键是：意思要靠推断得出，而不是原文照搬。这就要把握住文章的主题思想和每段的内容；明确作者的观点及其写作该文的目的；分析文章里所给的有关信息；注意词汇在词典的定义和词典以外的含义；最后运用自己的知识进行由表及里的逻辑推理，挖出文章的伏笔，得出正确的推论。 这种问题的提问方式通常有： (1) From paragraph 4 we can infer that. / What can be inferred from the passage? / From the last paragraph we can infer that . (2) We can infer from the text that…/ What can we learn from…? / We can conclude from the passage that… (3) The last sentence of the first paragraph most probably implies that. (4) The author implies that by the year 2080, . (5) To solve the present social problems the author suggests that we should. (6) The author mentions the fact that…to show. (7) This passage would most likely be found in _________? (8) The author’s attitude toward …is _________? (9) The tone of the passage can best be described as _________? 这些提问方式的答案一般在短文中不可能直接找到，必须根据提问中的某些关键字眼与短文中相应的有关内容加以逻辑推理或演算，从而得出某些作者并未说明却已在字里行间所暗含的意思及观点。具体的说，考生应当注意以下几点： a) 首先要注意一定要忠实于原文，以文章提供的事实和线索为依据。立足已知，推断未
备考2021年高考英语一轮复习17：祈使句 一、单选题 1. Tommy, ________ your doctor’s advice or your cold will get worse. A . follow B . following C . followed D . follows 2. If you’re to succeed, to the job after finding the proper way to do it. A . being devoted B . devoted C . devoting D . be devoted 3. In any unsafe situation, simply ________ the button and a highly-trained agent will get you the help you need. A . press B . to press C . pressing D . pressed 4. Stand over there ___ you’ll be able to see the oil painting better. A . but B . till C . and D . or 5. “________ polite to the guests,” said my father. A . Please B . Do be C . Are D . Should 6. ________the tower building, where you can see the whole city. A . Standing on the top of B . If you climb to C . When you reach the top of D . Get to the top of 7. If you have a job, ______ yourself to it and finally you’ll succeed. A . do devote B . to devote C . devoting D . devoted 8. ____the suggestions offered above, and you will look and feel much better in no time at all! A . Following B . Followed C . To follow D . Follow
对于参加2017高考的同学来说，现在开始复习和背诵英语作文完全来得及，小简老师推荐你高考英语写作优秀范文全集，满满都是套路，掌握后还怕得不了满分吗？ 1.感谢信 假设你是李华，梁教授去年六月推荐你去悉尼大学深造，现在你已经被悉尼大学化学学院录取，请写封信向梁教授表示感谢。【优秀满分范文】 Dear Professor Liang, I am writing to extend my gratitude to you because with your help I am now a student of Chemistry Department of Sydney University. Last June, when I applied to become a graduate student of Sydney University, you really gave me a lot of valuable help. You not only wrote a recommendation（推荐）for me to Professor Wells who works in the Sydney University but also gave me careful and patient instructions on how to fill the application forms and write the application letters. It is your unreserved(无保留的）help that enables me to obtain this splendid（极好的）opportunity of further education. For the following two years I will study hard to reciprocate（回报）your sincere help and expectations with excellent grades. Yours truly, Zhang Ying 2. 道歉信 假设你是李华，因弟弟生病住院，你不能参加你好友下星期四晚的生日晚会，请写一封道歉信解释原因，并祝福他生日快乐。【优秀满分范文】Dear Sarah, I am terribly sorry to tell you that I am unable to attend your birthday party next Thursday evening. That is owing to（因为）the fact that （同位语从句）my younger brother suddenly fell ill and was taken to a hospital this morning. I have to go there immediately and take care of him. As told by the doctor in charge, it will take around five days for him to recover and I have asked my boss for a leave. I really regret that I cannot go to celebrate your birthday personally and would miss the perfect chance of enjoying myself with all our old friends. I have chosen a small gift for you and will send it to you tomorrow to show my best wishes. Besides, please give my regards to our friends when you meet them at the party. Cordially, （sincerely） Li Hua 3. 申请信 假定你是李华，将于今年七月从新星外语学校毕业。你从报纸上得知 B B公司要招聘一名英文秘书，你很感兴趣，要写一封求职信，包括下列要点： 1．年龄：18． 2. 学习情况：班级前5，英语口语好 3．兴趣和特长：打字快，喜欢阅读，听音乐4．性格特点：积极向上 注意：1．词数100左右； 2．可适当增加细节，以使行为连贯； 3．开头语和结束语己为你写好。【优秀满分范文】Dear Sir/ Madam, I learned from the newspaper that your company needs an English secretary. I’m really interested in this position so I am writing to apply for it. I’m18 years old and will graduate from Xinxing Foreign Languages School this July. I’m an excellent student, among the top 5 in my class of 50 students. I’m good at English, especially spoken English. I often use the computer and I type very fast. In my spare time, I read a lot. Poems are my favorite. I enjoy music very much too. Being an active young person, I like sports and out door activities. Besides, I’m easy to get along with and I like to make friends.
Ⅰ.词汇与派生 A．语境填词 1．When you find someone hurt，you should perform first aid(帮助) as soon as possible. 2．Why do you value money so much? Is it essential(最重要的) to happiness? 3．Those blackmailers(勒索者) intended to squeeze(压榨) more money out of the pupil. 4．The cut on my arm bled(流血) a lot when I was hurt yesterday. 5．An old woman was found choked(使窒息) to death. 6．More and more people are riding electric(电的) bikes. 7．He’s complaining of all the usual flu symptoms(征兆)—a high temperature，headache and so on.
8．The biggest problem I have to face is the language barrier(障碍) when I go abroad. 9．The complex(复杂的) operating systems of computers are difficult for some aged people who lack knowledge about computers. 10．His rude behaviour is unbearable(难以忍受的) to his classmates，so he makes few friends in his class. 11．Having experienced the terrible earthquake on May 12th,2008，the young boy made a firm(坚定的) decision that he would be a soldier in the future. 12．The opening ceremony(典礼) of the 2008 Olympic Games directed by Zhang Yimou gave a surprise to the whole world which won the admiration of the world. B．用所给词的适当形式填空 13．He was very brave about his operation.His bravery moved us deeply.(brave) 14．He has been ill for two months.And we are very worried about his illness.(ill) 15．She committed suicide by taking poison last night after a quarrel with her husband.Frequent quarrels are to couples what poisonous snakes are to human lives，which will poison husband and wife’s feelings.(poison) 16．The coffee is very hot.Don’t burn your mouth，or you will receive serious burns.(burn) 17．Wood often swells when wet and rivers always get swollen with melted snow.(swell) 18．Infected with the disease，many people got frightened by the infection.(infect) 19．Tom received a slight injury while many other people got injured in the accident.(injure) 20．He treated himself to a long holiday before he received a special treatment for his nose.(treat) 21．Press this button to start the engine，so the pressure of the water turns this wheel.(press) 22．I don’t know why so many applicants have handed in their applications to apply for such an easy job：applying the ointment(药膏) to the wound.(apply) 23．Tom was employed as a temporary worker in a hospital and so he worked temporarily in the First Aid Centre of the hospital.(temporary) Ⅱ.短语运用 A．用方框内所给动词短语的适当形式填空 t what you have done but what you will do that makes a difference. 25．My key must be here somewhere，but I can’t put my hands on it at the moment. 26．Since he fell ill，his daughter has been acting for him in all his affairs. 27．This new technology has been applied to agriculture so far. 28．He stuck a stamp to the envelope and walked out of the room. 29．He was squeezed out of the job market by young people.
第二节(共10小题；每小题 1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 There has been a recent trend in the food service industry toward lower fat content and less salt. This trend, which was started by the medical community（医学界）61 a method of fighting heart disease, has had some unintended side 62(effect) such as overweight and heart disease—the very thing the medical community was trying to fight. Fat and salt are very important parts of a diet. They are required 63(process) the food that we eat, to recover from injury and for several other bodily functions. When fat and salt 64 (remove) from food, the food tastes as if it is missing something. As 65 result, people will eat more food to try to make up for that something missing. Even 66 (bad), the amount of fast food that people eat goes up. Fast food 67(be) full of fat and salt; by 68 (eat) more fast food people will get more salt and fat than they need in their diet. Having enough fat and salt in your meals will reduce the urge to snack(吃点心) between meals and will improve the taste of your food. However, be 69 (care) not to go to extremes. Like anything, it is possible to have too much of both, 70 is not good for the health. 翻译：最近，在食品服务业方面有一种朝着低脂肪和少盐的趋势。这种趋势最初是由医学界发起，用来作为防御心脏病的一种方式，已经产生一些意料之外的副作用，例如，肥胖 和心脏病，这正好是医学界致力去防御的疾病。 脂肪和盐分是每日膳食中的重要部分。我们需要他们去加工处理摄入的食物、有助于伤病的恢复和满足几项人体正常的运作。当脂肪和盐分从食物当中被去除了，食物尝起来 好像有所缺失。结果，人们会吃更多的食物来补偿缺失的东西。甚至更糟糕的是，人们吃 了更多的快餐食品。快餐中脂肪和盐的含量很高；由于吃了更多的快餐，人们会摄入比他 们在饮食中所需要的更多的盐分和脂肪。 通过每日饮食摄入足够的脂肪和盐分会减少在两餐之间吃点心的欲望，而且会提高你的食物的味道。然而，要注意不要摄入过量。跟其他食物一样，我们也有可能会吃太多， 这一点是对我们的健康不利。 61.as 考查介词。根据句意“这一趋势最开始被医学界作为一种治疗心脏病方法”可知这里 表达“作为”之意，所以答案填as。 62.effects 考查名词单复数。有前面的修饰短语some可知这里的side effects应该用复数，所以答案填effects。 63.to process 考查非谓语动词。根据固定短语be required to do sth.“被要求做某事”可知此处答案填to process。
高考英语词汇、短语与句型—20个常考句型句型1 would rather that somebody did…"宁愿……;更愿意……"(表示现在或将来的愿望) would rather that somebody had done…"宁愿……;更愿意……"(表示过去的愿望) 例句] I'd rather you posted the letter right now. 我想让你现在去寄信。 I'd rather that I hadn't seen her yesterday. 我情愿昨天没有看到她。 句型2 as if/though+主语+did/had done…好像……(表示现在或将来的情况用过去时;表示过去的情况用过去完成时) 参考句型4] 例句] Our head teacher treats us as if we were her own children, so all the students in our class think highly of her. Alan talked about Rome as if he had been there. Alan谈起罗马来就好像他去过那里似的。 句型3 "wish +宾语从句"，表示不大可能实现的愿望 表示现在的愿望：主语+过去时; 表示过去的愿望：主语+had done; 表示将来的愿望：主语+would/could do 例句] How I wish we students had more free time to relax ourselves! 我们学生多么希望有更多的自由时间放松自己! I failed in the maths exam. How I wish I hadn't wasted so much time playing! 句型4 It's high/about time that somebody did (should do) (should通常不省略) …早就该…… 例句] It's time that you went to school.= It's time that you should go to school.
2017年高考英语复习试题【带答案】 Ⅰ. 单项填空 1. It is said that the president is to flee from the country because of the campaign against him. A. possible B. perhaps C. probable D. likely 2. (2013·舟山模拟)The news of his mother’s death him so much that he spent the whole day in his room without eating and drinking. A. affected; locked B. effected; locking C. effected on; locked D. affected to; locking 3. (2013·漳州模拟)Only when possible to settle the problem. A. does the chief editor come will it be B. the chief editor comes will it be C. has the chief editor come it will be D. the chief editor comes it will be 4. —Do you remember the experiment we did together many years ago? —Yes, we did it yesterday. A. as if B. even if C. only if D. if only 5. Men and women should be treated equally according to the law, but there is great room for improvement. A. in return B. above all C. after all D. in reality 6. (2013·北京模拟)The committee members agreed to the suggestion that the issue to immediate voting. A. is to be put B. be put C. should put D. must be put
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。 A Men have always believed that they are smarter than women. Now, a study has found that while this is certainly true, men also have to deal with the fact that they are also more stupid than the fairer sex. In the study, scientists measured the IQ of 2500 brothers and sisters and they found an uneven number of men not only in the top two percent, but also in the bottom two percent. The study's participants were tested on science, maths, English and mechanical abilities. Though there were twice as many men as women in the smartest group, there were also twice as many men among the dolts. The aggregate scores of men and women were similar. One of the study's authors, psychology professor Timothy Bates, said that the phenomenon may be because men have always been expected to be high achievers and women have been restricted to spend more time taking care of their home. "The female developmental program may be tilted more towards ensuring survival and the safety of the middle ground.," the Daily Mail quoted Professor Bates, of Edinburgh University, as saying. The research tallies with past results that men were more likely than women to receive first class University degrees or thirds and women secured the seconds. It has been said that men are more ready to take risk when it comes to academics. Women have always found to be steadier in their learning. A past study has shown that women are securing more firsts and seconds, while men are continuing to receive more thirds. The argument for the change is that the increase of coursework at the cost of exams favors women's steady approach. 1. The purpose of the passage is to tell us that ________. A. man are smarter then women B. man are more stupid the women C. a new fact about the IQ of men and women has been found D. men are more likely to receive first class university degrees 2. According to Timothy Bates, less women are in the smartest group because _________. A. they are born stupid B. they have to spend more time to tale care of their home than men C. they don’t like to take risk D. they are not expected to be high achievers 3. The underlined word tallies with in the eighth paragraph means________. A. agree with B. deal with C. go against D. go with 4. It can be inferred from the passage that______. A. Women are steadier in their learning. B. men are more ready to take risk in everything C. women are securing more firsts and seconds D. women are doing much better in academy 5. Which of the following questions has NOT been discussed in the passage? A. Why are men smarter than women?
2017年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（全国卷Ⅲ） 英语答案解析 第一部分:阅读理解 第一节 1.【答案】A 【解析】题干问的是三月份可参加的旅行，而第一个项目San Francisco Winery Tour的时间是从2月1日到4月30日。故选A。 【考点】冠词，细节理解。 2.【答案】C 【解析】第二个项目Back to the Fifties Tour中提到在San Francisco你能免费品尝冰淇淋。而其他选项在这个旅行中没有被提到。故选C。 【考点】介词辨析，细节理解。 3.【答案】D 【解析】第四个项目Holiday Lights Tour的最后一句话提到”Advance reservations required”，由此可知，该旅行需要提前预定。故选D。 【考点】代词，细节理解。 4.【答案】B 【解析】根据第一段的最后一句”As one group of workers carried out the rubbish，another group began removing seats and other theater equipment in preparation for the buildings end”可推断出工人们清理垃圾和清除座位及其他剧院设备是在为剧院的关闭做准备。故选B。 【考点】副词辨析，推理判断。 5.【答案】D 【解析】根据第二段中的”Theater owner Ed Bradford said he chose the movie because it seemed appropriate”可知，剧院的老板亲自选定了The Last picture Show这部电影，因为他认为这部电影很合适。原文中的“appropriate”和D选项的“suitable都表示“合适的”。故选D。 【考点】细节理解。 6.【答案】C 【解析】第四段最后一句说剧院被卖给了当地的开发公司，该公司计划在剧院所在地建综合购物大楼，因此可推断出剧院将被推倒拆除。故选C。 【考点】动词的时态，推理判断。
训练4 议论文 A (2016·威海二模) It's Nice to be Home 1 I have been fortunate enough to make trips to many countries.They were wonderful adventures filled with new sights and experiences.And my wife and I have another trip in the planning stages. We're home now and have settled back into our daily routine of life. 2 I find that when I am at home，particularly for a while when we have just returned from a trip，I feel very comfortable.Perhaps it is because everything around me is familiar and the daily routine is so much the same I can move through it almost without thinking. 3 Perhaps it is because we can have meals at home instead of always being in restaurants，although it's nice to let someone else do the cooking，and because I can sleep in my own bed.There are times I think it would be nice to simply stop travelling and stay home and I'm sure I would be very comfortable if that were to happen. 4 Yet I guess I am probably a restless soul because I know that after I have been home for a while I will start to think about other places we might go and other things we want to see.We will travel again and we feel fortunate to be able to do so. 5 Still，one of the best things about travelling for me is coming home.I'm very comfortable here at home even if it is difficult to say exactly why. A．I like to travel very much. B．I enjoy local food while travelling. C．I like being home，for whatever reason. D．Perhaps it is because our friends are here. E．And I enjoy my daily life at home so much. F．We want to see as much of the world as we can. G．It's lucky that my wife and I both love travelling. 本文是一篇议论文。作者很喜欢旅游，但每次旅游回到家都感到很舒服，或许因为周围 的一切很熟悉，或许因为可以在家吃饭，或许因为可以睡在自己的床上。 1．A[根据本段内容并结合“I have been fortunate enough to make trips to many countries.”和“And my wife and I have another trip in the planning stages.”可 知作者很喜欢旅游。] 2．E[根据第二段首句“We're home now and have settled back into our daily