湖北省荆州市北门中学2019-2020学年高一英语期中试题
第I卷（选择题）
第一部分：听力（共两节，20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分）
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。
1. What do we know about the watch?
A. The price was reasonable.
B.The watch was not worth that much.
C. It cost the woman $ 40.
2. What is the dog’s name?
A. Scott.
B. Michael.
C. Robert.
3. What are the speakers mainly talking about?
A. The man’s watch.
B. The man’s brother.
C. The man’s bi rthday.
4. What color was the woman’s couch?
A. Yellow.
B. Brown.
C. Purple.
5. Why does the man come to the woman?
A. To take a picture of her.
B. To ask for a new ID card.
C. To fill out a form. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。
听下面一段对话，回答第6和第7 两个小题。
6. What is the woman doing?
A. Asking for help.
B. Making an apology.
C. Giving some advice.
7. What does the man ask the woman to do?
A. Be more careful.
B. Buy a new glass.
C. Clean up the room.
听下面一段对话，回答第8和第9两个小题。
8. What do we know about the writer?
A. He can move fast.
B. He was born disabled.
C. He will travel around the world.
9. How does the man find the writer?
A. Encouraging.
B. Strange.
C. Stupid.
听下面一段对话，回答第10至第12 三个小题。
10. When will the next course start?
A. Next Saturday.
B. Next Friday.
C. Next Monday.
11. How many students are there in the class usually?
A. 6.
B. 9.
C. 15.
12. When does the school open on weekends?
A. At 7:00 a.m.
B. At 8:00 a.m.
C. At 9:00 a.m.
听下面一段对话，回答第13至第16 四个小题。
13. What was the man doing?
A. Looking at an interesting picture.
B. Watching a funny video.
C. Reporting a nice story.
14. What happened to the news reporter?
A. He hit a big tree.
B. He had a car accident.
C. He was attacked by bees.
15. What’s the weather like today?
A. Sunny.
B. Windy.
C. Cloudy.
16. What will the man do next?
A. Listen to the music.
B. Surf the website.
C. Go to the park.
听下面一段对话，回答第17至第20 四个小题。
17. Which is the best season to visit the park?
A. Spring.
B. Summer.
C. Winter.
18. What will the tourists do in the morning?
A. Go boating.
B. Go fishing.
C. Visit the valley.
19. What is the best-loved activity in the park?
A. Having a picnic.
B. Fishing.
C. Boating.
20. How will the tourists get to the entrance of the valley?
A. On foot.
B. By bus.
C. By bike.
第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题; 每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
PROBLEMS
Alice: Yesterday, at the beginning of the chemistry exam, I spent more time on a difficult question than I intended. When I saw the others turning to the next page, I became so nervous that I could n’t even work out simple questions. I really want to know how to control myself in exams. Could you give me some advice?
Rob: I’m trying to review for my exams, but it’s hard to concentrate for long. I sit on the bed with my books, but then I lie down and fall asleep. And my parents ask me to do things or my friends call, so I give up studying. I’m starting to panic. What should I do?
Lara: I get good marks at school, so my friends all want to copy my homework. But I spend a lot of time working while they’re having fun. It’s not fair, and I’m getting fed up with this situation. But how do I tell them they can’t copy my work—I don’t want to lose my friends. Help!
ADVICE
Concentrate on the exam. Don’t daydream or be distracted by the other test takers. Some st udents do exams quickly, but this doesn’t necessarily mean they get all questions right. Just stick to your own pace!
21.Which of the following piece of advice might be helpful to Alice?
A. Do exams quickly.
B. Work at your own pace.
C. Have a regular routine.
D. Avoid cheating in the exam.
22.Why is Lara very angry with her friends?
A. Because they want to copy her homework.
B. Because they often have fun without her.
C. Because they take her homework back home.
D. Because they distract her during the exam.
23.Where are the texts most probably taken from?
A. An English dictionary.
B. A science magazine.
C. A business newspaper.
D. A student magazine.
B
Last week, 169 students at No. 35 Middle School of Shenyang took their first no — teacher exam. After the teacher handed out the exam paper, he left the room and never came back. A student collected the papers when the exam ended.
“That test was not only a test of knowledge, but also a test of moral（道德）. We wanted to show students how importa nt honesty is,” said Mr. Cai, the school’s headmaster. The school says no cheating happened in the test. Next year, it wants 80% of its exams to be without teachers. But students have different ideas.
“I was happy and excited during the exam because my teachers trusted me, ” said Lang Yudan, a 13-year-old girl in Class 11.
“Schools must trust students a lot not to use invigilators（监考人）. But I think it is too early. Some students will cheat if there are no invigilators. And the students will not be able to ask for help when needed,” said Hua Sha.
“I don’t like having invigilators in exams. When they walk around the classroom, they make me nervous. I would get higher marks without them in the room because I would feel more relaxed, ” Liu Qingxi said.
“I think it’s very important to have invigilators in exams. Many students want to check their answers with each other after they have finished papers. And they can also keep the classroom in order when something unusual happens. They may make me nervous, but I still think we need them, ” Shangguan Yan said.
Not using invigilators may be a good idea. But before using it, schools must tell students the importance of honesty and try to find ways to solve something unusual in exams.
24. The passage mainly talks about ________.
A. how to pass an exam
B. how to make students honest
C. how to make students clever
D. whether invigilators are needed in exams
25. From what the students have said, we know ________.
A. they like it very much
B. invigilators really help them a lot
C. not all of them agree with the headmaster
D. something unusual never happens in exams
26. What does Hua Sha think about no-teacher exams ?
A. It is a good idea to have no-teacher exams but something must be done first.
B. If there are no invigilators, the students will certainly get lower marks.
C. Exams without invigilators will never be held since students are not honest.
D. She thinks it is the best way to show that schools trust their students a lot.
27. What does the underlined word “they” refer to in paragraph 6?
A. Students.
B. Invigilators.
C. Teachers.
D. Headmasters.
C
Volunteering is one of the major wealth of any American city or town. People get together to help others less fortunate than themselves, or victims of a natural or man-made disaster. Since the start of our country this has been one of the noticeable features of our society.
Beginning in the Co lonial Period and continuing down to today our country’s history is full of examples of people helping each other. Requiring high school students to take part in voluntary community service projects introduces them to this important part of our society. And while many students complain about this program at first, a large number of them find great individual(个人的) satisfaction when they look back at the things they achieved.
Our son, who graduated in 2005, found that he enjoyed the time he spent with primary school students helping them with their reading. In some ways he became a hero to the young boys and girls he was spending time with, simply because he was a high school student and took the time to get to know them. By the end of his first year in the program he was looking forward to the next school year and a new group of kids. It was particularly satisfying when a child he had helped saw him some place in the community and remembered him.
Having high school students take part in required community service activities helps give them an important sense of belonging to the adult world. It also gives them first-hand experience in activities and situations they might not otherwise
experience. And it shows them that they can make a valuable contribution towards the society with just a little effort and a few hours of their time.
28. What kind of feeling is expressed in Paragraph 1?
A. Surprise
B. Doubt
C. Concern
D. Pride
29. The underlined “complain about”in Paragraph 2 has the same mean ing as .
A. Think little of
B. Look forward to
C. Jump at
D. Think highly of
30. What do we know about the author’s son?
A. He has been a volunteer for about one year.
B. He won much respect for his voluntary work.
C. He hoped the children he helped would remember him.
D. He felt pleased when he was recognized by other volunteers.
31.In paragraph 4, the author mainly discusses__________.
A.The benefits of required volunteering
B.The importance of first-hand experience
C.The requirements for being a volunteer
D.The responsibility of contributing to society
D
Earthquake rescue robots have experienced their final tests in Beijing. Their designers say with these robots, rescuers will be able to buy more time to save lives during an earthquake.
This robot looking like a helicopter is called the detector-bot. It's about 4 meters long, and it took about 4 years to develop the model. Its main functions(作用) are to collect information from the air, and send goods of up to 30 kilos to people trapped by an earthquake.
This robot has a high definition 360 degree panoramic(全景) camera. It can work day and night and will also be able to send the latest pictures from the quake area. Dr.Qi Juntong, Chinese Academy of Science, said, “The most important feature of this robot is that it doesn't need a distant control. We just set the destination(目的地) information on it, and then it takes off, and lands by itself. It flies as high as 3,000 meters, and as fast as 100 kilometers per hour. ”
This robot has a different function—it can change as the environment changes. Its main job is to search for any signs of life in places where human rescuers are unable to go.
As well as a detector(探测器) that finds victims and detects poisonous gas, a camera is placed in the 40-centimeter-long robot, which can work in the dark.
Another use for the rescuers is the supply bot. With its 10 meter long pipe, people who are trapped in the ruins, will be able to get supplies including oxygen and liquids. Experts have said that the robots will enter production, and serve as part of the national earth quake rescue team as soon as next year.
32. According to the passage, this robot ________.
A．is carried by the helicopter B．weighs about 30 kilos
C．is a machine with a length of 10 meters D．hasn't been put into production so far
33. Dr. Qi Juntong thinks this robot is different from the others mainly in that ________.
A．it has more functions B．it has a unique shape
C．it has more advanced cameras D．it can work by himself once given the information
34. The underlined word “which” in paragraph 6 refers to ________.
A．a camera B. a detector C．a rescuer D．a supply
35. The text is mainly about ________.
A．what the robot looks like B．an introduction to the robot
C. how the robot is made D．information about earthquakes
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Sleep advice for kids of all ages
It is important for each child to get enough sleep every day. Here we will learn more about that.
How much sleep does a child need?
36 Newborns 0 to 3 months should sleep 10 to 18 hours a day. Babies 4 to 11 months should start to sleep through the night, for 9 to 12 hours at a time. Toddlers(初学走路的孩子) 1 to 2 years need about 11 to 14 hours a day. Children 3 to 5 should get 11 to 13 hours a night. 37 Teenagers 14 and up need 8 to 10 hours of sleep. What can parents do?
Set a strict nap(小睡) timetable. 38 Even older children can benefit from late-afternoon naps if they are not getting enough sleep at night. But keep them short--- 30 minutes at most.
39 Remember to ask your children to turn off the television and the computer an hour before bed. If possible, get them out of your child’s bed room since the light from electronic screens can make sleep a difficult job.
Get them moving. 40 Running around and playing sports is great, but kids can be active in other ways, too. Take the dog for a walk, or go to the park --- just get them out of the house and get them moving.
A. Pay attention to screen time.
B. It usually depends on their age.
C. It’s OK to go to bed 30 minutes later.
D. Kids 6 to 13 need 9 to 11 hours of sleep.
E. Younger children should take a short sleep during the day.
F. Energy drinks can keep kids from falling or staying asleep.
G. Exercise during the day helps children sleep better at night.
第三部分英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节：完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
“Fire! Fire!” What terrible words to hear when I 41 in a strange house in the middle of the night! It was a large, 42 house --the kind that burns easily -- and my room was on the top floor. I jumped out of bed, 43 the door and stepped out into the passage. It was full of 44.
I began to run, but as I was still only half awake, 45going towards the stairs I went in the opposite direction. The smoke grew thicker and I found it hard to 46. The floor became 47under my feet. I ran into another room and tried to reach the 48 for fresh air. Suddenly, one of my feet got caught in something 49 and I fell down. The thing I had fallen over felt like a package of 50, and I picked it up to 51 my face from the smoke and heat. Just then the floor 52 under me and I fell through to the floor below with pieces of burning wood all around me.
53, there was a doorway in front, so I put the package over my face and 54. My feet were terribly burned, 55I got through. As I reached the cold air outside my package of clothes gave a 56. I nearly dropped it in surprise. Then I saw there were many people in the street. A woman screamed as she saw me and came running 57.
“My baby! My baby!” she cried. Those people 58 loudly as she took the smoke-blackened package out of my arms. I almost 59to see who she was---my boss’s wife. I had saved her baby, and become a(n) 60!
41. A. came up B. woke up C. set up D. broke up
42. A. valuable B. empty C. wooden D. dusty
43. A . opened B. closed C. locked D. destroyed
44. A. gas B. water C. steam D. smoke
45. A. because of B. instead of C. except for D. as a result of
46. A. walk B. breathe C. escape D. sleep
47. A. dirty B. cold C. hot D. hard
48. A. bed B. table C. telephone D. window
49. A. dangerous B. wet C. frightening D. soft
50. A. clothes B. carpet C. wool D. fur
51. A. save B. bury C. protect D. rescue
52. A. broke B. sank C. decreased D. exploded
53. A. Actually B. Luckily C. Finally D. Gradually
54. A. ran B. played C. packed D. responded
55. A. once B. if C. but D. so
56. A. smile B. signal C. lesson D. cry
57. A. slowly B. madly C. calmly D. fiercely
58. A. cheered B. burst C. cried D. laughed
59. A. succeeded B. forgot C. failed D. survived
60. A. artist B. employer C. relative D. hero
第II卷（非选择题）
注意：将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式，并将答案填写在答题卡相应的位置上。
It was the first time that I 61._________________(visit）Yunnan. My sister Wang Wei and I were very 62. ________(interest) in cycling. We bought expensive mountain bikes and dreamed of 63.________(take）a great bike trip one day. Last year ,Wang Wei went to Kunming to visit our cousins. Perhaps it was then 64.____ my sister first had the idea of cycling along the whole Mekong River. After graduating from college, my sister made up her mind 65.________(plan) our schedule for this great trip.
However, I was a little worried, because the river begins in Qinghai Province at 66._____altitude of more than 5000 meters, where the air is thin and it is hard to breathe. But Wang Wei had decided it, 67._______(say) that the trip would be very interesting and exciting. I knew how stubborn my sister was and 68.________(final) I had to give in. During the following months, we prepared 69._________(our）for the trip. Having had a detailed knowledge 70._______the great river, we felt ready for the great trip.
第四部分写作（共两节，满分35分）
第一节单词填空（20小题，每题1分，共20分。）
根据首字母或汉语意思用正确形式填写单词。
71.I am g__________ (感激的) to you for your timely help.
72. Peter may d______________ (不同意) with this, but I don’t care.
73. A good decision is b________(以….为基础)Knowledge and experience.
74. The police asked him to show his i________ （身份）card before he entered the room.
75. Having studied Chinese for two years, now she can speak Chinese f_________(流利地)．
76. The man spoke on the phone and I couldn’t r__________ (辨认出) his voice.
77. Judging by her a_________(口音)，she must be a southerner.
78. I s________(真诚地) hope that you will be successful in the future.
79. They have their own minds and they will j_________（判断）by themselves.
80. Finally, I would like to e_________(表达)my thanks to all those who have helped me.
81. His lack of education was a d__________(不利条件) when he looked for a job.
82. There is a popular v_______（观点）in cities that strangers are less likely to help each other, but it is not ture.
83. To write a good essay you must first o_______(组织)your ideas well.
84. I’d like to share with you my impression of Paris. A__________(实际上), there are some things interesting to see in every corner of Paris.
85. Because of his years of hard work, he has a good c________（掌握）of French now.
86. Bob got the news from the o______(官方的) report in the newspaper.
87. Parents are all c_______(担忧的) about their children’s safety when their children went out to play.
88. Go s______(笔直地）down the road until you come to the English language school.
89. Now more and more people are using WeChat to c___________（交流）with each other.
90. Don’t u_____________(使不安)yourself about it Let’s forget what happened.
第二节应用文写作（满分15分）
假定你是李华，你的英国朋友Peter来信向你咨询如何才能学好中文。
请跟据下列要点写封回信给他建议。
1.参加中文学习班 take Chinese course
2.看中文书刊、电视;
3.学唱中文歌曲;
4.交中国朋友。
注意：1. 词数80左右； 2. 可适当增加细节，使行文流畅。
提示词：take Chinese course参加中文学习班
Dear Peter ,
________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________
You rs
Li Hua
英语答案
参考答案及评分标准
第一部分听力（共20小题每小题1.5分，满分30分）
1-5BAACB 6-10BABAC11-15CCBCA 16-20CACAB
第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分 35 分）
21~23 BAD 24~27 DCAB 28~31 DABA 32--35 DDAB 36~40 BDEAG
第三部分语言运用（共两小节，满分 45 分）
完形填空：
41~45: BCADB 46~50: BCDDA 51~55: CABAC 56~60: DBACD
语法填空：
61. had visited 62. interested 63. taking 64. that 65. to plan
66. an 67. saying 68. finally 69. ourselves 70. of
单词填空：（每题1分，共20分）
71.grateful 72. disagree 73. based 74. identity 75. fluently
76. recognize 77. accent 78. sincerely 79.judge
80.express
81. disadvantage 82. view 83. organize 84. Actually 85. command
86. official 87. concerned 88. straight 89. communicate 90. upset
书面表达
Dear Peter ,
I'm glad to receive your letter asking for my advice on how to learn Chinese well.I am writing to give you some suggestions.
First of all, it is important to take a Chinese course, because you'll be able to learn from the teacher and practice with your classmates. What’s more, you should watch TV and read books, newspapers and magazines in Chinese whenever possible. Besides, it is a good idea to learn and sing Chinese songs, because by doing so you'll learn and remember Chinese words more easily. You can also make more Chinese friends. They will tell you a lot about China and help you learn Chinese.
Try and write to me in Chinese next time. I hope my suggestions will be helpful to you.
. 应用文写作
一、评分原则
1. 总分15分，按照五个档次给分。
2. 评分时，先根据文章的内容和语言初步确定其所属档次，然后以该档次的要求来衡量、确定或调整档次，最后给分。
3. 词数少于60,从总分中减去2分。
4. 评分时，应注意的主要内容为：内容要点、应用词汇和语法结构的丰富性和准确性及上下文的连贯性。
5. 拼写与标点符号是语言准确性的一个方面。评分时应视其对交际的影响程度予以考虑。
6. 如书写较差，以致影响交际，降低一个档次。
二、各档次给分范围和要求
第五档
（13-15分）完全完成了试题规定的任务。
—覆盖所有的内容要点。
—应用了较多的语法结构和词汇。
—语法结构和词汇方面有些许错误，但为尽力使用较复杂结构或较高级词汇所致；具备较强的语言运用能力。
—有效的使用了语句间的连接成分，使全文结构紧凑。
完全达到了预期的写作目的。
第四档
（10-12分）完全完成了试题规定的任务。
—虽漏掉1,2个次重点，但覆盖所有主要内容。
—应用的语法结构和词汇能满足任务的要求。
—语法结构和词汇运用基本准确，些许错误主要是因尝试较复杂语法结构和词汇所致。
—应用简单的语句间连接成分，使全文结构紧凑。
达到了预期的写作目的。
第三档
（7-9分）基本完成了试题规定的任务。
—虽漏掉一些内容，但覆盖所有主要内容。
—应用的语法结构和词汇能满足任务的要求。
—有一些语法结构和词汇方面的错误，但不影响理解。
—应用简单的语句间连接成分，使全文内容连贯。
整体而言，基本达到了预期的写作的目的。
第二档
（4-6分）未适当完成试题规定的任务。
—漏掉或未描述清楚一些主要内容，写了一些无关内容。
—语法结构单调，词汇项目有限。
—有一些语法结构或词汇方面的错误，影响了对写作内容的理解。
—较少使用语句间的连接成分，内容缺少连贯性。
信息未能清楚地传达给读者。
第一档
（1-3分）未完成试题规定的任务。
—明显漏掉主要内容，写了一些无关内容，原因可能是未能理解试题要求。
—语法结构单调，词汇项目有限。
—较多语法结构和词汇方面的错误，影响对写作内容的理解。
—缺乏语句间的连接成分，内容不连贯。
信息未能传达给读者。
0分未能传达给读者任何信息：内容太少，无法评判；写的内容均与所要求内容无关或所写内容无法看清。
听力原文：
Text 1
M: What a nice watch! How much did it cost?
W: Four hundred dollars. A little more than its real worth.
Text 2
W: I like the names Scott and Michael.
M: I don’t think our boy should be named Scott. That is our dog’s name.How does Robert sound?
Text 3
W: Your Apple watch is very beautiful. Where did you buy it?
M: Actually I didn’t buy it. It is a gift from my brother. He gave me on my 20th birthday. Text 4
W: I’m going to buy some new paint for the living room.
M: I thought you loved the yellow color.
W: I liked it when I had a purple couch, but now my furniture is brown and it makes the wall look ugly.
Text 5
M: I lost my ID card. What do I do to replace it?
W: Fill out your name and social security number on this form, and stand behind that line. I’ll take your picture here.
M: OK. I’m ready.
W: I’ll print you the new ID card in about a minute.
Text 6
W: Sorry, Kevin. I am sorry for breaking your glass. I was tidying up your desk. M: You’re supposed to be more careful.
W: I’m on duty today. I’m really sorry. I’ll pay for it and try to be more c areful in the future.
M: There is no need to pay, but be sure you’re more careful from now on.
W: I will. Sorry again.
Text 7
W: What are you reading?
M: It is a book written by a guy who was born without arms or legs.
W: What? So, how does he get around?
M: He can actually walk pretty well, but he can’t move that fast. He also has an assistant who helps him. He is actually quite successful.
W: He must have worked pretty hard.
M: Yeah. He travels around the world and gives speeches to young people. He’s changed many people’s lives. Even when nothing seemed possible, he stayed positive and put in even more effort.
Text 8
W: Hello, School of English Studies.
M: Hello, I saw your advertisement in the newspaper. Can you give me some information, please?
W: Yes, of course. What would you like to know?
M: Well, first, how long are the courses?
W: They are 6 or 9 months long and the next course begins next Monday.
M: How many students will there be in the class? Not too many, I hope.
W: Usually, there are 15. We find that a good number.
M: OK. Now, I saw the price of the course in the newspaper, but will I have to pay for anything else?
W: Only for the textbook, which costs twelve pounds ninety-nine.
M: I see. When can I come and pay?
W: Well, the school is open from 8 am to 7 pm Monday to Friday and on Saturdays from
9 am to 1 pm.
M: OK. I see. Well, thank you very much. Goodbye.
Text 9
W: Are you looking at some funny pictures? You have been laughing all this time. M: I was watching a video on YouTube. It was really funny.
W: What’s it about?
M: It was a news reporter, reporting a story about an old man who lives under a big tree.
W: How could that be funny?
M: Well, as he was reporting the story, hundreds of bees attacked him. The reporter had to dive into his SUV and drive away. But he was unlucky.
W: Did he have an accident?
M: No. some bees followed him into his car.
W: I hope he got to the doctor’s quickly. Jack, how about a walk in the park? It is a beautiful day today.
M: But I don’t feel like walking o utside now. There are so many funny videos on this website. I just can’t stop watching them.
W: Come on, Jack. You can’t sit in front of the laptop all day. It is not good for your eyes.
M: You are right. I will go to the park with you.
Text 10
Welcome to our park. My name is Linda. I am very glad to be your guide today. You have made a right choice to be here in spring, the best time of the year, because summer is a bit hot, and winter is too cold. Our park is famous for its 20-kilometer long valley. It is home to thousands of plants and animals. For today’s tour, we have a 50-minute valley walk in the morning. You will see beautiful flowers and strange rocks.Animal lovers can also have a close view of different wildlife. In the afternoon, you will have a chance to experience some interesting activities, such as boating and fishing. If you like, you may have a picnic by the lake, the best-loved activity in our park. Now, let’s get on the bus and go to the entrance of the valley.