语法翻译
P68
1.今天上午你干了多少活儿？（work）
How much work have you done this morning?
2.开凿隧道需要大量的劳动力。（labour）
To dig a tunnel will need a great amount of labour
3.他做了最少的工作。（work）
He’s done the least work.
4.处理这一问题有几种方法。（method）
There are several methods of approaching this problem
5.我不懂多少语法。I know little French.
6.少说空话（empty talk）多干事实（practical work）
There must be less empty talk but more practical work.
7.有多少人出席招待会吗？
There must be less empty talk but more practical work.
8.我可以和你谈几句话吗？（words） May I have a few words with you?
9.今天参观展览会的人数比昨天少。
There were fewer people today at the exhibition than yesterday.
10.哈利犯的错误最少。（Harry） Harry made the fewest mistakes.
11.我读的诗（poetry）和做的练习都比较多。
You’ve learnt more poetry and done more exercises than I have.
12.杰克做的工作最多，犯的错误也最多。
Jack’s done the most work and made the most mistakes.
13.他做了很多工作，也犯了很多错误。
He’s done a lot of work and made a lot of mistakes.
14.百万富翁有很多钱财（money），也有很多烦恼。
A millionaire has lots of money—and lots of worries.
15.安娜因为没有足够的钱财而烦恼众生。
Anna has enough worries because she hasn’t got enough money.
16.每隔几分钟电话铃就响一次。The telephone rang every few minutes.
17.在过去这几次的寒冷日子里，我们一直坚持实验。
We have been persisting in making the experiment all these last few cold days
18.他新编的两本英语语言学著作都将在2011年出版。
Both his next books on English linguistics will come out in 2006.
19.我们很快得知，还得再等三星期。
Soon we learned that we had to wait another three more weeks.
20.我兄弟花了一千美元买了一辆旧汽车，但我买到同样货色却花了两倍价钱。
My brother spent $ 500 for a second-hand car, but I spent almost twice the amount for the same stuff.
P85
1.光比声走的快。（sound）Light travels faster than sound.
2.请安静，别让我听到一点儿声音。（sound）
Be quiet, please. Don’t let me hear a sound.
3.在书写英语时，每个词之后要留一个间隔。（space）
In writing English, after each word we leave a space.
4.这只箱子占的地位太多了。（space）This box occupies too much space.
5.饱餐之后，你应该休息一会。（rest）After a big meal, you should take a rest.
6.人人都需要吃喝和休息。Everybody needs food, drink and rest.
7.这样做是出于好意。（kindness） He did it out of kindness
8.谢谢你，你帮了我一个忙。（kindness）
Thank you. You have done me a kindness.
9.他住在近处。He lives close at hand.
10.孩子们吃尽继父的苦头。
The children suffered a lot at the hands of their stepfather.
11.你有英文词典吗？（hand）Have you got an English-French dictionary?
12.你有英文词典和法文词典吗？
Have you got an English dictionary and a French dictionary?
13.我觉得我花园里那红白相间的玫瑰怎么样？
How do you like the red and white roses in my garden?
14.你看见我花园里那些红玫瑰和白玫瑰吗？
Have you seen the red (roses) and the white roses in my garden?
15.他还在住院医疗。He is still in hospital.
16.我打算到医院去看他。I’m going to the hospital to see him
17.在房屋面前有个花园。（front）There is a garden in front of the house.
18.在书的卷头有一副插画。（front）There is a picture in the front of the book.
19.这种衣服的样式已经不时兴了。（fashion）
This style of dress is no longer in fashion.
20.她喜欢阅读有关最新的服装款式。（fashion）
She likes to read about the latest fashion.
21.吃饭时不要多话。（table）Don’t talk too much at table.
22.我的朋友正伏案写信。（table）
My friend was sitting at the table writing a letter.
23.我们访问时，他正在家吃饭。（dinner）
When we called, his family was giving a dinner.
24.我们访问时，他家正举行宴会。（dinner）
When we called, his family was giving a dinner.
25.学生们喜欢上了他们的老师。（fancy）
The students take / took quite a fancy to their teacher.
26.展览厅里的展品很快把参观者吸引住了。（fancy）
The exhibits in the hall soon took the fancy of the visitors
27.这位老人拥有一大笔财产。（possession）
The old man is in possession of a huge fortune.
28.这个岛屿曾为英国所占有。（possession）
This island was once in the possession of the Great Britain.
29.如果有病，你必须马上就医。（case）
You must immediately consult a doctor in case of illness.
30.Pauline比较迟钝，这与Mary的情况就不同，她就是懒。（case）Pauline is stupid, but it is different in the case of Mary; she is just lazy.
P113
1.别大声说话，孩子们在睡觉。（sleep）
Don’t speak loudly. The children are sleeping
2.别打扰我，我在思考问题。（think）Don’t disturb me. I’m thinking.
3.孩子们在不断地蹦跳，以便热身。（jump）
The children were jumping to keep warm.
4.那女人发疯了，她不断一头撞墙。（hit）
The woman got mad. She was hitting her head against the wall.
5.Old Tom懂俄语，可是说不好。（know）
Old Tom knows Russian, but he can’t speak it well
6.我希望她会喜欢这玫瑰花。（hope）I hope she likes these roses
7.Halleck在性格和外表方面都很像其父。（resemble）
Halleck resembles his father very much in disposition and appearance.
8.这料子手感柔软。（feel）This material feels soft.
9.我相信我们一定会成功。（believe）I believe we will certainly achieve success.
10.昨晚，我们在一家泰国饭馆用餐，几乎所有菜肴都有辣味。（taste）
I believe we will certainly achieve success.
11.在语法方面，英语和西班牙语大不相同。（differ from）.
In grammar, English differs greatly from Spanish/
12.这巴士能载40人。（hold）This bus can hold 40 people.
13.这条规则适用于所有的游客。（apply）This rule applies to all the tourists.
14.他们当时都在谈论环境污染问题。（talk）
They were talking about pollution of the environment.
15.春天到了，树头正在变绿。（turn）
Spring is here. The treetops are turning green.
16.那儿的经济情况变得雪上加霜。（change）
The economic situation there has changed from bad to worse.
17.我老了，我不能不幸这么长的距离。（get）
I’m getting old. I can’t walk such a long distance.
18.这箱子重50kg。（weigh）This trunk weighs 50 kilos.
19.你真是在想入非非。（imagine）Surely you are imagining things.
20.我并不感觉很劳累。（feel）I am not feeling (I don’t feel) very tired.
P118
1.这个案件正由警察调查中。（look into）
This case is being looked into by the police.
2.不久孩子们就对他们的新老师产生好感。（take to）
Before long the children had taken to their new teacher.
3.我们不能依赖别国帮助我们渡过难关。（rely on）
We can’t rely on other countries to help us tide over the difficulty.
4.第一次世界大战爆发于1914年。（break out）
The First World War broke out in 1914.
5.当她苏醒过来时，他发现自己躺在医院里。（come to）
When she came to, she found herself lying in a hospital.
6.他并非真正悲伤，不过是在装模作样。（put on）
He was not really feeling sad. He was just putting on.
7.最后一分钟突然冒出了一些新问题。（crop up）
Some new problems cropped up at the last minute.
8.由于大部分会员缺席，会议不得不取消。（call off）
As most members were absent, the meeting had to be called off.
9.你能想出办法解决这一问题吗？（figure out）
Can you figure out a way to solve this problem?
10.当他被批评时，变大发脾气。（flare up）When he was criticized, he flared up.
11.别受骗上当。（take in）Don’t be taken in.
12.我很生气，他竟说出那种粗话。（come out with）
I got very angry that he should come out with that rude remark.
13.你必须用功学习，否则难以跟上。（keep up with）.
You must work hand, or you won’t be able to keep up with the rest of the class. 14.Sophie 明天将请一天假，我必须顶替她。（fill in for）
Sophie is going to take a day off tomorrow; I must fill in for her.
15.我们打算在下次会议上提出这个问题。（bring up）
We are going to bring up this question at the next meeting.
16.我盼望在上海见到你。（look forward to）
I’m going to forward to meeting you in Shanghai.
17.我们都尊敬林医生，因为她忘我地为病人服务。（look up to）
We all look up to Doctor Lin, because she serves patients selflessly.
18.他在美国工作了三年，并充分利用这个机会来提高他的英语水平。（make the most
of）
He worked in the United States for three years, and he made the most of the opportunity to improve his English.
19.他太懒了，把住房弄的一塌糊涂。（make the mess of）
She was so lazy that she made a mess of her room.
20.这是一辆旧车，已经转手好几次了。（change hands）
She was so lazy that she made a mess of her room.
P127
1. 滴水穿石。Patience wears out stones.
2. 骄必败。Pride goes before a fall.
3. 事实胜于雄辩。 Facts speak louder than words.
4. 一燕不成夏。One swallow doesn’t make a summer.
5. 长江流入东海。The Yangtze river flows into the East China Sea.
6. 月球上没有水。Water doesn’t exist on the moon.
7. 夏威夷气候从来不冷。It isn’t ever cold in Hawaii.
8. 在巴黎，五月份天气并非总是美好；有时多雨。
M ay in Paris isn’t always nice; it sometimes rains a lot.
9. 他间或出错，但不是市场出错。He occasionally is wrong, but not often.
10. 他从来不做家庭作业，但在班上学习很好。
He never does any homework, but he does well in class.
11. 我们的公司并非总是高额盈利。
Our company doesn’t always make very high profits.
12. 母亲通常不在早晨喝咖啡。
My mother doesn’t usually have coffee in the morning.
13. 她几乎从来不在午夜之前就寝。
She hardly ever goes to bed before midnight.
14. Arizona州首府凤凰城天气很干燥；几乎不下雨。
Phoenix, the capital of Arizona, is very dry; it hardly ever rains.
15. 星期日我父母很少去做礼拜。My parents seldom go to church on Sundays.
16. 地球围绕太阳转。The earth revolves round the sun.
17. 印度位于中国迤南。India lies to the south of China.
18. 泰晤士河流经伦敦。The Thames flows through London.
19. 我通常投民主党的票，而我的室友几乎总是投共和党的票。
I usually vote for a Democrat, but my roommate almost always votes for a Republican.
20. 使人人遭殃的风才是恶风。It is an ill wind that blows nobody good.
P130
1. 上星期他每天来看我。He came to see me every day last week.
2. 现在是冬天，我们通常七点半钟吃早饭。
It is winter time. We usually have breakfast at seven thirty.
3. 你现在穿的这双鞋买了多久了？
How long ago did you buy the shoes you are wearing?
4. 老教授走进教室，打开书本便开始讲课。
The old professor stepped into the classroom, opened the book and began to teach.
5. 我多么希望你也在这里和我们在一起。How I wish you were here with us!
6. Jane告诉我，你明年即将进大学。
Jane tells me you’re entering college next year.
7. 罗马建成非一日之功。 Rome was not built in a day.
8. 滚石不生苔。A rolling stone gathers no moss.
9. 熟能生巧。Practice makes perfect.
10. 谁笑在最后，谁笑得最好。He who laughs last ,he who laughs best.
11. 好心有好报。One good turn deserves another.
12. 这种液体一加上阿摩尼亚就变为橙色。
Whenever ammonia is added to this liquid, its colour changes to organge.
13. 我想知道你可否把你的汽车借我一用。
I wondered if you could lend me your car.
14. 我听说老亨利昨晚死了。I hear that old Henry died last night.
15. 这台录音机很容易操作。瞧着我怎么做：先接通电源，揿这个按钮，机器就开动了。This tape recorder is easy to operate. Watch what I do. I switch it on, press this button and it starts.
P160
1. 雨一停，我们就动身。We’ll start off as soon as the rain stops.
2. 一有消息，我就给你打电话。I’ll ring you up directly I hear the news.
3. 如果你明天一早动身，就得在睡觉前把行李打包好。
If y ou are leaving early tomorrow morning, you’ll have to finish packing before bedtime.
4. 委员们定于下星期四开会来解决这一问题。
The members of committee are to gather next Thursday to settle the question.
5. 他不可以在这儿待下去。他得马上离开。
He is not to stay here any longer. He is to leave at once.
6. 她说，到周末她将已经返回中国。
She said that by the end of the week she would have been back to China.
7. 昨天他告诉我，他打算下个月结婚。
He told me yesterday that he was going to get married next month.
8. 他在记者招待会上宣布，日本首相定于下星期一访华。
He announced at the press conference that the prime minister of Japan was to visit China next Monday.
9. 你假如明早六时去看他，他正在做早操。
If you go and see him at six, he will be taking morning exercises.
10. 明晚七点半你在做什么？
What will you be doing at 7: 30 tomorrow evening?
11. 下星期你从南京回来，讨论会已经结束。
When you come back from Nanjing next week, the discussion will have finished.
12. 到下周末，我在这儿就整整一年了。
By next weekend, I’ll have been here for a whole year.
13. 车未停稳，切勿下车。Don’t get off the bus till it stops.
14. 明年夏天他们打算到大连去度假。
They are going to spend their holidays in Dalian next summer.
15. 瞧！乌云满天，就要下雨了。
Look! The dark clouds are gathering. It is going to rain.
16. 如果他来时我在吃中饭，请告诉他等一会儿。
If I’m at lunch when he comes, please tell him to wait a little while.
17. 去西安以前我们还要在这儿呆一两天。
We’ll stay here for a couple of days before we go on to Xi’an.
18. 我们明晚彩排，你来吗？
We’re having our dress rehearsal tomorrow evening. Are you coming?
19. 多少学生要去？他们坐船去吗？
How many students are going? Are they going by boat?
20. 外长们原定于五月十四日开会来讨论缓和危机的建议，可是战争爆发了。The Foreign Ministers were to have met on May 14 to discuss the proposals for easing the crisis, but the war broke out.
U8 A 1 在过去的30年里，作为一个专业的大提琴演奏家，我花了相当于整整20年时间在路上执行和学习音乐传统和文化。我的旅行使我相信在我们的全球化的世界中，文化传统来自于一个身份、社会稳定和富有同情心的互动的基本框架。 2 世界在快速改变，正如我们一定会创造不稳定的文化，让人质疑他们的地方。全球化使我们服从于别人的规则，这往往会威胁到个人的身份。这自然使我们紧张，因为这些规则要求我们改变传统习惯。所以如今全球领导者的关键问题是：如何使习惯和文化发展到融入更大的行星，同时不必牺牲鲜明特色和个人的骄傲？ 3 我的音乐旅程提醒了我，全球化带来的相互作用不只是摧毁文化；他们能够创造新的文化，生机，传播存在已久的传统。这不像生态“边缘效应”，它是用来描述两个不同的生态系统相遇发生了什么，例如，森林和草原。在这个接口，那里是最小密度和生命形式的最大的多样性，每种生物都可以从这两个生态系统的核心作画。有时最有趣的事情发生在边缘。在交叉口可以显示意想不到的连接。 4 文化是一个由世界每个角落的礼物组成的织物。发现世界的一种方式是例如通过深入挖掘其传统。例如音乐方面，在任何的大提琴演奏家的曲目的核心是由巴赫大提琴组曲。每个组件的核心是一个称为萨拉班德舞曲的舞蹈动作。这种舞蹈起源于北非的柏柏尔人的音乐，它是一个缓慢的、性感的舞蹈。它后来出现在西班牙，在那里被禁止，因为它被认为是下流的。西班牙人把它带到了美洲，也去了法国，在那里成为一个优雅的舞蹈。在1720年，巴赫公司的萨拉班德在他的大提琴组曲运动。今天，我扮演巴赫，一个巴黎裔美国人的中国血统的音乐家。所以谁真正拥有的萨拉班德？每一种文化都采用了音乐，使其具有特定的内涵，但每一种文化都必须共享所有权：它属于我们所有人。 5 1998年，我从丝绸之路发现在数千年来从地中海和太平洋许多文化间观念的流动。当丝绸之路合奏团执行，我们试图把世界上大部分集中在一个阶段。它的成员是一个名家的同等团体，大师的生活传统是欧洲、阿拉伯、阿塞拜疆、亚美尼亚、波斯、俄罗斯、中亚、印度、蒙古、中国、韩国或日本。他们都慷慨地分享他们的知识，并好奇和渴望学习其他形式的表达。 6 在过去的几年里，我们发现每一个传统都是成功的发明的结果。确保传统的生存的一个最好的方法是由有机进化，目前利用我们所有可用的工具。通过录音和电影；通过驻在博物馆、大学、设计学校和城市；通过表演从教室到体育场，合奏的音乐家，包括我自己，学习有用的技能。回到家中，我们和其他人分享这些技能，确保我们的传统在文化桌上有一席之地。 7 我们发现，在本国执行传统出口的是国外激励从业者。最重要的是，我们对彼此的音乐发展出了激情，并建立了相互尊重、友谊和信任的纽带，每一次我们都在舞台上这都是可触及的。这种欢乐的互动是为了一个理想的共同的更大的目标：我们始终能够通过友好的对话解决任何分歧。我们相互开放，我们形成一个桥进入陌生的传统，驱逐往往伴随着变化和错位的恐惧。换句话说，当我们扩大我们看世界的镜头的时候，我们更好地了解自己，自己的生活和文化。我们与我们的小星球的遥远的行星有更多的共同分享，而不是我们意识到的。 8 发现这些共同的文化是很重要的，但不只是为了艺术的缘故。所以我们的许多城市，不仅是伦敦，纽约，东京，现在即使甚至是中小城市正在经历着移民潮。我们将如何吸取同化有自己独特的习惯的人群？移民不可避免地会导致抵抗和冲突，就像过去一样？有什么关于德国的土耳其人口的阿尔巴尼亚人在意大利，北非人在西班牙和法国？文化繁荣的引擎可以帮助我们找出如何集合可以和平融合，同时不牺牲个性身份。这不是政治正确性。它是关于对人而言什么是珍贵的承认，和每一个文化已经给予我们世界的礼物。
U n i t1 1. 任何年满18岁的人都有资格投票。(be eligible to, vote) Anyone over the age of 18 is eligible to vote. 2. 每学期开学前，这些奖学金的申请表格就会由学校发给每一个学生。(apply for, scholarship) A form to apply for these scholarships is sent by the university to every student before the start of every semester. 3. 遵照医生的建议，我决定戒烟。(on the advice of) On the advice of my doctor, I decided to give up smoking. 4. 公园位于县城的正中央。(be located in) The park is located right in the center of town. 5. 这所大学提供了我们所需的所有材料和设备。(facilities) The university provides all the materials and facilities we desire. 1. 他们花了多年的时间寻找内心的平静，但是收效甚微。(search for) They spent many years searching for peace of mind, but with little success. 2. 这种新药的成功研制已经使许多疾病的治疗发生了根本性的变革。
Main Content :UNIT 1 MA THEMA TICS I.Text Organization Parts Part One Paragraphs Paras. 1-3 Main Ideas Game theory can be defined as the science of strategy which studies both pure conflicts (zero-sum games) and conflicts in cooperative forms. Part Two Paras. 4-11 There are two distinct types interdependence: sequential-move simultaneous-move game.of strategic game and Part Three Paras.The typical examples of game theory are given as the 12-19basic principles such as prisoners’dilemma, mixing moves, strategic moves, bargaining, concealing and revealing information. Part Four Para. 20 The research of game theory has succeeded in illustrating strategies in situations of conflict and cooperation and it will focus on the design of successful strategy in future.
学术英语（理工）课后英译汉练习答案 Text 1 1有些人声称黑客是那些扩宽知识界限而不造成危害的好人（或即使造成危害，但并非故意而为），而“破碎者”才是真正的坏人。 2这可以指获取计算机系统的存储内容，获得一个系统的处理能力，或捕获系统之间正在交流的信息。 3那些系统开发者或操作者所忽视的不为人知的漏洞很可能是由于糟糕的设计造成的，也可能是为了让系统具备一些必要的功能而导致计划外的结果。 4另一种是预先设定好程序对特定易受攻击对象进行攻击，然而，这种攻击是以鸟枪式的方式发出的，没有任何具体目标，目的是攻击到尽可能多的潜在目标。 5另外，考虑安装一个硬件防火墙并将从互联网中流入和流出的数据限定在仅有的几个你真正需要的端口，如电子邮件和网站流量。 Text 2 1看似无害的编程错误可以被利用，导致电脑被侵入并为电脑蠕虫和病毒的繁衍提供温床。 2当一个软件漏洞被发现，黑客可以将漏洞变成一个侵入点，从而造成极大的破坏，在这之前，往往需要争分夺秒地利用正确的软件补丁来防止破坏的发生。 3最简单的钓鱼骗局试图利用迅速致富的伎俩诱使诈骗目标寄钱。但网络骗子们也变得越来越狡猾，最近的陷阱是通过发送客户服务的电子邮件让用户进入假银行或商 业网站，并在那里请他们“重新输入”他们的账户信息。 4间谍软件与垃圾邮件和钓鱼网络一起，构成了三个令人生厌的互联网害虫。尽管有些程序可以通过入侵软件漏洞从而进入电脑，但这些有害而秘密的程序通常会随着 其他通常是免费的应用软件侵入到计算机系统中。 5尽管因特网已经彻底改变了全球通讯，但是对于那些意图为了罪恶目的而利用网络力量的人和那些负责阻止这些网络犯罪的人来说，他们之间的较量才刚刚开始。Text 5 1.最近在《纽约时报》上刊登的一篇文章谈到了一种新计算机软件，该软件在瞬间就能通 过数以千计的法律文件筛选并寻找到那些可诉讼的条款，这为律师们节省了在阅读文件上所花费的数百小时。 2.他们主要靠耕种来养活自己，然后再多种一些用以物品交易或卖一些盈余 3.从事农业和畜牧业者的绝对数量大约在1910年时达到顶峰（约有1,100—1,200万）， 在此之后人数便急剧下降 4.这个故事总结了美国几个世纪以来的工作经历，从失业工人的层面上讲是悲剧，但从全 国劳动力的层面上讲是件好事。 5.人工智能是一种新的自动化技术吗？是一种削弱了曾经是20世纪末就业标志的脑力工 作的技术吗？是一种只会消除更好的工作机会的技术吗？ Text 6 1.就前者来说，玩家按照顺序移动，（那么）每个人都了解其他玩家之前的动作。就 后者而言，玩家同时做出动作，则不了解其他玩家的动作。 2.当一个人思考别人会如何反应的时候，他必须站在别人的角度，用和他们一样的思 考方式进行思考一个人不能将自己的推理强加在别人的身上。 3.尽管各位玩家同时做出动作，不知道其他玩家当前的动作，然而，每个玩家都必须
英汉互译教程要略 1．Joint military exercises have increased in the region, to the detriment of trust between countries. 联合军事演习在本地区有增无减，不利于国家间建立信任。 2．This old man gets up and goes to bed with the sun everyday. 这位老翁每天黎明即起，日落而息。 3．A nearby object falling into a black hole is never heard of again. 附近的天体一旦落入黑洞，就会销声匿迹。 4．我们应该抢时间赶任务。 We should work against the clock. 5.These hospital expenses made inroads on my savings. 这些住院费耗掉了我大部分积蓄。 6．They killed a bottle of Kaoliang between them. 他们二人对酌，把一瓶高粱酒喝得一干二净。 7．When it came to reading, they were as good as blind. 一拿起书本，他们可都成了睁眼瞎了。 8．Blood is thicker than water. 血浓于水。 9．人们笑贫不笑娼。 People ridicule poverty but not prostitutes. 10. Last night I heard him driving his pigs to market. 昨夜我听见他鼾声如雷。 11．They ran away as fast as their legs could carry them. 他们拼着命地逃跑。 12．People were born survivors. 人的生存能力是与生俱来的。 13．这个环境工程是个“民心工程”。 The environment-friendly project is a “popularity-winning” project. 14. 语言这东西不是随便可以学好的，非下苦功夫不可。 The mastery of a language is not easy and requires painstaking effort. 15. 会议开得冷冷清清，有时甚至开不下去了。 The meetings were marked by such absence of living discussions that at times they were almost on the point of breaking up. 16. They pay lip-service to education but don’t work for better schools. 他们口惠而实不至，口口声声支持教育，却又不肯为改善学校条件做一些实际工作。17．Unemployment has stubbornly refused to contract for more than a decade. 失业人数高居不下，已经十多个年头了。 18．有些厕所似乎仍是这次卫生大扫除活动的死角。 Some toilets seem immune to the clean-up campaign. 19. 这个摊贩叫卖道：“快来买呀，过了这村可没这个店啦。” The street peddler hawked, “Now or never!” 20. Why carry coals to Newcastle? 何必多此一举？ 21．You’re just teaching your grandmother how to suck eggs. 你这是在班门弄斧。 22．His being neglected by the host added to his uneasiness.
Unit 1 Text A 神经过载与千头万绪的医生 患者经常抱怨自己的医生不会聆听他们的诉说。虽然可能会有那么几个医生确实充耳不闻，但是大多数医生通情达理，还是能够感同身受的人。我就纳闷为什么即使这些医生似乎成为批评的牺牲品。我常常想这个问题的成因是不是就是医生所受的神经过载。有时我感觉像变戏法，大脑千头万绪，事无巨细，不能挂一漏万。如果病人冷不丁提个要求，即使所提要求十分中肯，也会让我那内心脆弱的平衡乱作一团，就像井然有序同时演出三台节目的大马戏场突然间崩塌了一样。有一天，我算过一次常规就诊过程中我脑子里有多少想法在翻腾，试图据此弄清楚为了完满完成一项工作，一个医生的脑海机灵转动，需要处理多少个细节。 奥索里奥夫人 56 岁，是我的病人。她有点超重。她的糖尿病和高血压一直控制良好，恰到好处。她的胆固醇偏高，但并没有服用任何药物。她锻炼不够多，最后一次 DEXA 骨密度检测显示她的骨质变得有点疏松。尽管她一直没有爽约，按时看病，并能按时做血液化验，但是她形容自己的生活还有压力。总的说来，她健康良好，在医疗实践中很可能被描述为一个普通患者，并非过于复杂。 以下是整个 20 分钟看病的过程中我脑海中闪过的念头。 她做了血液化验，这是好事。 血糖好点了。胆固醇不是很好。可能需要考虑开始服用他汀类药物。 她的肝酶正常吗？ 她的体重有点增加。我需要和她谈谈每天吃五种蔬果、每天步行 30 分钟的事。 糖尿病：她早上的血糖水平和晚上的比对结果如何？她最近是否和营 养师谈过？她是否看过眼科医生？足科医生呢？ 她的血压还好，但不是很好。我是不是应该再加一种降血压的药？药 片多了是否让她困惑？更好地控制血压的益处和她可能什么药都不吃 带来的风险孰重孰轻？
Unit1 1、任何年满18岁得人都有资格投票。(be eligible to, vote) Anyone over the age of 18 is eligible to vote、 2、每学期开学前，这些奖学金得申请表格就会由学校发给每一个学生。(apply for, scholarship) A form to apply for these scholarships is sent by the university to every student before the start of every semester、 3、遵照医生得建议，我决定戒烟。(on the advice of) On the advice of my doctor, I decided to give up smoking、 4、公园位于县城得正中央。(be located in) The park is located right in the center of town、 5、这所大学提供了我们所需得所有材料与设备。(facilities) The university provides all the materials and facilities we desire、 1、她们花了多年得时间寻找内心得平静，但就是收效甚微。(search for) They spent many years searching for peace of mind, but with little success、 2、这种新药得成功研制已经使许多疾病得治疗发生了根本性得变革。(revolutionize) The successful development of the new drug has revolutionized the treatment of many diseases、 3、由于这个国家得经济不景气，这家公司濒于破产。(on the edge of) The company is on the edge of bankruptcy due to the economic depression in the country、 4、大学毕业后她成为了一名护士。她认为护士这一职业可能很有发展前途。(rewarding) He became a nurse after college、He thought nursing could be a very rewarding career、 5、她像往常一样在文件上签了名。(just as) He signed his name on the paper just as he has always done it、 Unit2
广西师范学院《英汉互译（一）》课程教案 编号: 15-1 开课单位：外语系授课教研室：翻译写作 课程名称：《英汉互译（一）》授课教师：唐旭光 教材：《新编英汉互译教程》，授课对象：06级英语专业2、3、5班
《英汉互译（一）》第一讲翻译简论与主要翻译方法 （A Brief Discussion of Translation and Major Translation Approaches） 1. Introduction Translation studies started along with translation practice. Translation theories developed flourishingly in the 20th century, especially in the second half of the last century. In fact, translation, which is a very complex phenomenon, is related to different disciplines, such as linguistics, psychology, sociology, cultural anthropology, communication theory, literary criticism, aesthetics, and semiotics. As translation study is a cross-discipline and cross-culture subject involving many aspects of human knowledge, the lack of a fully acceptable theory of translation should not come as a surprise. Meanwhile, quite a number of translation approaches and strategies have become universally acceptable and widely applicable. They are, of course, the fruits of many translation theorists and translation practitioners at home and abroad. 2.The Origin of Translation Language makes it possible for people to communicate with one another freely so as to complete important tasks in human life. Translation makes it possible for people from different languages to communicate with one another so as to complete important tasks in their life. Theodore Savory points out, “Translation is almost as old as original authorship and has a history as honorable and as complex as that of any other branch of literature”(申雨平, 2002:4). In Zhou Dynasty there were different forms of address for translators in different places. “Translators are called Ji in the east, Xiang in the south, Didi in the west, and
科技英语翻译课后答案 High quality manuscripts are welcome to download
科技英语翻译翻译的标准 第1节翻译练习1 The power plant is the heart of a ship. The power unit for driving the machines is a 50-hp induction motor. 动力装置是船舶的心脏。 驱动这些机器的动力装置是一台50马力的感应电动机。 第1节翻译练习2 Semiconductor devices, called transistors, are replacing tubes in many applications. Cramped conditions means that passengers’ legs cannot move around freely. All bodies are known to possess weight and occupy space. 半导体装置也称为晶体管，在许多场合替代电子管。 我们知道，所有的物体都有重量并占据空间。 空间狭窄，旅客的两腿就不能自由活动。 第1节翻译练习3 The removal of minerals from water is called softening. A typical foliage leaf of a plant belonging to the dicotyledons is composed of two principal parts: blade and petiole. 去除水中的矿物质叫做软化。 双子叶植物典型的营养叶由两个主要部分组成：叶片和叶柄。
Unit 1英译汉：15 Outlines are essential to effective speeches.By outlining, you make sure that related ideas are together, that your thoughts flow from one to another, and that the structure of your speech is coherent. You will probably use two kinds of outlines for your speeches--the detailed preparation outline and the brief speaking outline. 发言提纲是有效发言的基础。通过写发言提纲，你可以确保你的想法是关联的，你的思路从一点谈到另一点，你的讲话结构是连贯的，通常准备演讲你可以采用两种提纲方式：详细准备提纲和简单发言提纲。 In a preparation outline, you should state your specific purpose and central idea, and identify main points and sub--points using a consistent pattern. The speaking outline sho uld consist of brief notes to help you while you deliver the speech. It should contain ke y words or phrases to bolster your memory. In making up your speaking outline, follow the same visual framework used in your preparation outline. Keep the speaking outline a s brief as possible and be sure it is plainly legible 在准备提纲中，应该写出你的特定目的及中心思想，并以连贯的方式确定主要观点和次要观点。发言提纲应该由简要的提要组成，这些提要在你讲话时能够给你一些帮助。发言提纲还应包括帮助你记忆的重点词或重点短语。在写发言提纲时，可采用准备提纲的模式，尽可能使你的发言提纲简要，同时，要确保提纲清晰、易于辨认。 汉译英： 当你发表学术演讲时，首先要做好充分的准备；其次，你演讲的主要观点要明确，层次要清楚。演讲时，语速不要过快，语言要清晰。不要总是在读你准备好的稿子。最后，你应该经常看一下你的听众。这样，一方面你对你的听众表示尊重，另一方面，你可以更顺利地进行你的演讲。 Before you deliver an academic speech, firstly you should get well prepared for it. Then, you should make your major points clear in your speech, and your speech should be well organized. When speaking, you should not speak too fast, and your language should be explicit. Don’t always read the notes you prepared beforehand. From time to time, you should look at your audience. On one hand, you can show your respect to your audience, and on the other hand, you will be able to go on with your speech more smoothly.
新视野大学英语课后习 题翻译答案 -CAL-FENGHAI.-(YICAI)-Company One1
新视野大学英语（第二版）读写教程2 1至7单元课后翻译答案总结 IA：她连水都不愿意喝一口，更别提留下来吃饭了。 She wouldn’t take a drink , much less would she stay for dinner. 他认为我在对他说谎，但实际上我讲的是实话。 He thought I was lying to him , whereas I was telling the truth. 这个星期你每天都迟到，对此你怎样解释 How do you account for the fact you have been late every day this week 他们利润增长的部分原因是采用了新的市场策略。 The increase in their profits is due to their new market strategy. 这样的措施很可能会带来工作效率得提高。 Such measures are likely to result in the improvement of work efficiency.
我们已经在这个项目上投入了大量时间和精力，所以我们 只能继续。 We have already poured a lot of time and energy into the project , so we have to carry on. IIA: 尽管她是家里的独生女，他父母也从不溺爱她。 Despite the fact that she is the only child in the family , her parents never baby her . 迈克没来参加昨晚的聚会，也没有给我打电话作任何解 释。 Mike didn’t come to the party last night , nor did he call me to give an explanation. 坐在他旁边的那个人确实发表过一些小说，但绝不是什么 大作家。 The man sitting next to him did publish some novels , but he is by no means a great writer. 他对足球不感兴趣，也从不关心谁输谁赢。 He is not interested in football and is indifferent to who wins or loses.
英汉互译教程总复习 1．Joint military exercises have increased in the region, to the detriment of trust between countries. 联合军事演习在本地区有增无减，不利于国家间建立信任。 2．This old man gets up and goes to bed with the sun everyday. 这位老翁每天黎明即起，日落而息。 3．A nearby object falling into a black hole is never heard of again. 附近的天体一旦落入黑洞，就会销声匿迹。 4．我们应该抢时间赶任务。 We should work against the clock. 5.These hospital expenses made inroads on my savings. 这些住院费耗掉了我大部分积蓄。 6．They killed a bottle of Kaoliang between them. 他们二人对酌，把一瓶高粱酒喝得一干二净。 7．When it came to reading, they were as good as blind. 一拿起书本，他们可都成了睁眼瞎了。 8．Blood is thicker than water. 血浓于水。 9．人们笑贫不笑娼。 People ridicule poverty but not prostitutes. 10. Last night I heard him driving his pigs to market. 昨夜我听见他鼾声如雷。 11．They ran away as fast as their legs could carry them. 他们拼着命地逃跑。 12．People were born survivors. 人的生存能力是与生俱来的。 13．这个环境工程是个“民心工程”。 The environment-friendly project is a “popularity-winning” project. 14. 语言这东西不是随便可以学好的，非下苦功夫不可。 The mastery of a language is not easy and requires painstaking effort. 15. 会议开得冷冷清清，有时甚至开不下去了。 The meetings were marked by such absence of living discussions that at times they were almost on the point of breaking up. 16. They pay lip-service to education but don’t work for better schools. 他们口惠而实不至，口口声声支持教育，却又不肯为改善学校条件做一些实际工作。17．Unemployment has stubbornly refused to contract for more than a decade. 失业人数高居不下，已经十多个年头了。 18．有些厕所似乎仍是这次卫生大扫除活动的死角。 Some toilets seem immune to the clean-up campaign. 19. 这个摊贩叫卖道：“快来买呀，过了这村可没这个店啦。” The street peddler hawked, “Now or never!” 20. Why carry coals to Newcastle? 何必多此一举？ 21．You’re just teaching your grandmother how to suck eggs. 你这是在班门弄斧。 22．His being neglected by the host added to his uneasiness.
科技英语综合教程课后练习答案及参考译文
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Unit 1 搏弈论 阿维纳什?迪克斯特&巴里?内尔巴夫 搏弈是有关策略的科学。它试图以数学和逻辑的方法来帮助搏弈者作出决策，在一系列纷繁复杂的搏弈中应采取何种策略来保证自己获得最大利益。搏弈论研究的搏弈的范围包括了从下棋到抚育儿童，从网球竞技到公司转手。但是所有的博弈都具有一个共同的特征：相互作用。也就是说,每一个博弈者的博弈结果取决于所有博弈参与者的策略选择。在零和搏弈中，搏弈者的利益之间是完全冲突的，因此一方的得利必然导致另一方的损失。更多具有代表性的例子还有会导致共同得利(正和)搏弈和共同损失(负和)搏弈，同样的情况还会发生在另外一些冲突中。 搏弈论研究的先驱者是普林斯顿数学家约翰?冯?诺依曼。在早先的一段时间里，研究的重点被放在了完全冲突(零和)搏弈(非合作搏弈)上，其他的搏弈当时被认为是以合作形式出现。也就是说，搏弈要求参与者共同地选择和实施他们的行为.最近的研究则把重点放在了那些既不属于零和搏弈也不属于绝对合作搏弈的情况上，在这些搏弈中，搏弈者自主地选择搏弈行为，但他们之间的相互关系中充满了合作与竞争。 搏弈行为与我们在中性环境中所作的各种决定有着根本性的不同。要说明这一点，我们可以思考一下伐木工人和军队将军所作决定之间的不同。当伐木工人决定要如何砍树时，他不会考虑树木本身会有什么反抗，他所处的环境为中性。而当将军决定要消灭敌军时，他必须提前预料到并消除敌军的反抗。与这一例子中的将军相类似，一个搏弈者必须认识到他与其他机智且怀有争胜之心的竞争者之间的相互作用，他自己所作的决定也必须能够同时应对可能出现的合作或冲突。 搏弈的实质是搏弈者采取策略之间的相互依赖性。这种策略性的相互依赖表现为两个不同的类别：连续策略之间的相互作用以及联立策略之间的相互作用。就前者而言，搏弈者依次采取行动，每个人都会注意其他搏弈者先前的行为。就后者而言，搏弈者同时采取行动，每个人都会忽略其他搏弈者当前的行为。 对连续策略博弈中的某一博弈这来说，一个普遍的原则就是放眼前方，及时反思和总结。每个博弈者应该弄清楚其他博弈者会对他当前的策略行为做出怎样的回应，他自己将如何应对等情况。博弈者要预料到他的最初决定会最终导致何种结果，并且运用对形势的判断来计划好当前的最佳策略。在考虑其他博弈者会如何应对时，博弈者必须能设身处地地换位思考，而不能把自己的主观判断强加与人。 从理论上说，采取固定次序行动的任何连续博弈都可以圆满地完成。我们可以通过预测每个可能的结果来决定各个博弈者的最佳策略。例如象井字棋(tic-tac-toe)这样的简单游戏由于可以以这样的方式完成，因而并不具有挑战性。但诸如象象棋等的其他博弈，即使是借助电脑的帮助，由于其本身的计算过程过于复杂而难以在实践中去实施。因此，博弈者往往会会依据经验提前对形势作出判断并尽可能的评估最终的局面。 与连续策略博弈的线形思维不同的是，采取共发性策略的博弈要求逻辑思维。在忽略其他参与者当前策略的情况下，尽管博弈者们同时采取行动，每一个参与者必须清楚的意识同时还会有其他的参与者在依次关注整个博弈过程。这时的思维模式可描述为：我想他认为我会这样考虑…。因此，博弈者必须从全体博弈者的立场出发并努力判断出最终的博弈结果。每个参与者的个人最佳行为都是全局谋划中不可或缺的一部分。 运用普林斯顿数学家约翰?纳什提出的均衡概念，可以推导出这种逻辑思维的结论。我们寻求一系列的策略组合，每个博弈者都会有自己的选择，当所有的对手们在实施他们决定的最佳策略时，我们所做的选择应该对自己是最有利的。换句话说，每个博弈者都会对其他人的策略作出最优化的应对。 有时, 无论其他博弈者如何行动，博弈的一方的最佳策略组合始终如一，这被称作这一博弈者的优策略。在其他情况下，如果博弈者的策略始终于己不利，则被称作劣策略，其含义是指无论其他博弈者如何行动，对手的策略总是优于自己。因此，谋求策略均衡应该从寻找优策略和消除劣策略开始。 当我们把博弈的结果表述为一种均衡的时候，并不是基于以下的假设：即博弈的每个参与者的个人最佳策略将会带来共同的最优化结果。确实也存在着一些糟糕的例子，比如囚徒困境(见下文)，由于囚徒们都追求个人私利的最大化而导致了全体参与者的困境。纳什的关于均衡的定义还不能完全解决联立策略博弈中逻辑推理思考的问题，有些博弈包含多种此类的均衡，而有些博弈却并不包含这样的均衡。纳什均衡也还没有清楚地说明关于导致均衡的动态过程。尽管有这样的一些缺陷，纳什均衡的定义已被证明在分析策略性互动时具有重要作用。 以下策略性互动的实例可以说明博弈论的一些基本理论框架: 囚徒困境。两个嫌疑犯分别被审问，每个人都可以招供或保持沉默。如果嫌犯A保持沉默，嫌犯B可以通过招供而获得较轻的发落。如果嫌犯A招供，嫌犯B最好选择招供以免被从重处理。这时招供就是嫌犯B的优策略。同样的情况也适用与B。因此，在均衡的
Unit 1 When faced with both economic problems and increasing competition not only from firms in the united states but also from international firms located in other parts of the world, employee and managers now began to ask the question：what do we do now? although this is a fair question, it is difficult to answer. Certainly, for a college student taking business courses or be beginning employee just staring a career, the question is even more difficult to answer. And yet there are still opportunities out there d=for people who are willing to work hard, continue to learn, and possess the ability to adapt to change. 当面对不仅来自美国的公司而且来自位于世界其他地方的国际公司的经济问题和日益激烈的竞争时，员工和经理现在开始要问一个问题：我们要做什么？虽然这是一个很清晰的问题，但是它是很难回答的。当然，对于一个正在谈论商务课程的大学生或者一个刚开始职业生涯的员工来说，这个问题更难回答。但目前仍然有许多机会给那些愿意努力工作，继续学习并且拥有适应变化的能力的人。 Whether you want to obtain part-time employment to pay college and living expense, begin your career as a full –time employee, or start a business, you must bring something to the table that makes you different from the next person . Employee and our capitalistic economic systems are more demanding than ever before. Ask yourself: What can I do that will make employee want to pay me a salary? What skills do I have that employers need?