定语从句
二、定语从句考点
考点1：一般情况下关系代词和关系副词的使用 (31/120)；
①that(8/37/120); ②which(5/37/120); ③whose(10/37/12)
④where(7/37/120 ); ⑤who(3/37/120); ⑥when(4/37/120)
考点2：介词+关系代词；(35/120)；
①most/neither/both/比较级/最高级/数词… + of +which/whom
(做定语从句的主语或宾语, 与先行词成所属关系）(14/35/120)
②after + which (事情发展的时间顺序) (4/35/120)
③固定搭配(8/34/120)
④其他情况（介词+which = 关系副词—表时间，地点等做状语）(9/34/120)
考点3：非限制性定语从句中which和as的使用；(24/120)
①一般的非限制性定语从句中使用which的情况；(5/24/120)
非限制性定语从句中，先行词是一个句子用which；(13/24/120)
②使用as的情况(6/24/120)
考点4：表示地点，时间的先行词模糊化（抽象化）;(23/120)
①先行词（表时间）的模糊化(4/23/120)
②先行词（表地点）的模糊化(19/23/120)
考点5：同位语从句和强调句，以及其他特殊情况（详见名词性从句和强调句）
三．历年真题
考点1：一般情况下关系代词和关系副词的使用
①that及省略that
1.—Do you have anything to say for yourselves?
—Yes，there’s one point ______we must insist on． (2006江西卷)
A．why B．where C．how D．/
2. Do you still remember the chicken farm _____ we visited three months ago? （2005北京春招）
A. where
B. when
C. that
D. what
3. —Why does she always ask you for help? （2005北京）
—There is no one else ______, is there?
A. who to turn to
B. she can turn to
C. for whom to turn
D. for her to turn
4. What surprised me was not what he said but ______he said it. (2004湖北)
A．the way B．in the way that C．in the way D．the way which
5. Is thi s the reason ＿＿ at the meeting for his carelessness in his work? (2002上海春)
A. he explained
B. what he explained
C. how he explained
D. why he explained
6. All ______ is needed is a supply of oil. （1989全国）
A. the thing
B. that
C. what
D. which
7. Finally, the thief handed everything ______he had stolen to the police. （1987全国）
A. which
B. what
C. whatever
D. that
8. The doctor _______is leaving for Africa next month. (1983全国)
A. the nurse is talking to him
B. whom the nurse is talking
C. the nurse is talking to
D. who the nurse is talking
②which
1.In an hour, we can travel to places _____ would have taken our ancestors days to reach.
（2006上海）
A. where
B. when
C. which
D. what
2. Luckily, we'd brought a road map without ______ we would have lost our way.
(2004北京春招)
A. it
B. that
C. this
D. which
3. Anyway, that evening, ____ I'll tell you more about later, I ended up staying at
Rachel's place. (2004浙江)
A. when
B. where
C. what
D. which
4. In fact the Swede did not understand the three questions ______ were asked in French. （1985全国）
A. where
B. who
C. in which
D. which
5. As a child, Jack studied in a village school, _______ is named after his grandfather.(2010 全国卷1 第24题)
A.which
B. where
C. what
D. that
③whose
1.A person _____ e-mail account is full won’t be able to send or receive any e-mails. （2009天津）
A. who
B. whom
C. whose
D. whoever
2. I was born in New Orleans, Louisiana, a city ____ name will create a picture o f
beautiful trees and green grass in our mind. (2009湖南 26)
A. which
B. of which
C. that
D. whose
3. Many children, _______ parents are away working in big cities, are taken good care of in the village. (2009安徽30)
A. their
B. whose
C. of them
D. with whom
4. Look out ! Don' t get too close to the house _______ roof is under repair. (福建卷)
A. whose
B. which
C. of which
D. that
5. George Orwell, _______ was Eric Arthur, wrote many political novels and essays. (04北京)
A. the real name
B. what his real name
C. his real name
D. whose real name
6. Have you seen the film "Titanic", ____ leading actor is world famous? (2001上海春)
A．its B．it's C．whose D．which
7. That’s the new machine ______ parts are too small to be seen. (2010山东卷第24题)
A. that
B. which
C. whose
D. what
8. In Ch ina, the number of cities is increasing ________ development is recognized
across the world. (2010重庆卷第28题)
A. where
B. which
C. whose
D. that
9. The old temple _______ roof was damaged in storm is now under repair. (2010
陕西卷第11题)
A. where
B. which
C. its
D. whose
10. Children who are not active or diet is high in fat will gain weight quickly.(2010北京卷第27题)
A. what
B. whose
C. which
D. that
④where
1. Mozart’s birthplace and the house ____ he composed ‘The Magic Flute’ are both
museums now. (2009 上海 34)
A. where
B. when
C. there
D. which
2. Some pre-school children go to a day care center, ____ they learn simple games
and songs. (2007年全国一)
A. then
B. there
C. while
D. where
3. —Where did you get to know her?
—It was on the farm we worked. （2007年山东卷）
A．that B．there C．which D．where
4. I’ll give you m y friend’s home address, ______I can be reached most evenings.
(2008年北京卷)
A. which
B. when
C. whom
D. where
5. I walked in our garden, _______ Tom and Jim were tying a big sign onto one of the
trees. （2005辽宁）
A. which B．when C．where D．that
6. We will be shown around the city: schools, museums, and some other places, _____
other visitors seldom go. (2002北京)
A. what
B. which
C. where
D. when
7. The girl arranged to have piano lessons at the training centre with her sister she would stay for an hour. (2010江西卷第31题)
A. where
B. who
C. which
D. what
⑤who
1. Women _____ drink more than two cups of coffee a day have a greater chance of having
heart disease than those ______ don’t.（2006北京卷）
A. who ; 不填
B. 不填 ; who
C. who ; who
D. 不填表; 不填
2. The famous basketball star, _____ tried to make a comeback, attracted a lot of attention. (2002春招)
A. where
B. when
C. which
D. Who
3. The man _____ talked to you just now is an engineer. (1980全国)
A. who
B. whose
C. which
D. what
⑥when
1. Because of the financial crisis, days are gone ____ local 5-star hotels charged
6,000 yuan for night. (2009江苏23)
A. if
B. when
C. which
D. since
2. The book was written in 1946, the education system has witnessed great changes. (2007年山东卷)
3．when B．during which C．since then D．since when
3. —Did Jack come back early last night? （2005福建）
—Yes. It was not yet eight o'clock ______ he arrived home.
A．before B．when C．that D．until
4. We are living in an age _____ many things are done on computer．(2003北京)
A. which
B. that
C. whose
D. when
考点2：介词+关系代词；
①most/neither/both/比较级/最高级/数词… + of +which/whom
(做定语从句的主语或宾语, 与先行词成所属关系）
1. She brought with her three friends, none of _____ I had ever met before. (2009
全国Ⅱ28)
A. them
B. who
C. whom D . these
2. The growing speed of a plant is influenced by a number of factors, ______are beyond
our control.( 2008年湖南卷)
A. most of them
B. most of which
C. most of what
D. most of that
3. The man pulled out a gold watch, were made of small diamonds. (2008年陕西卷)
A. the hands of whom
B. whom the hands of
C. which the hands of
D. the hands of which
4. Last week, only two people came to look at the house, _______ wanted to buy it.
(2007年安徽卷)
A. none of them
B. both of them
C. none of whom
D. neither of whom
5. We should n’t spent our money testing so many people, most of _____are healthy.
(2007年北京卷)
A. that
B. which
C. what
D. whom
6. It is reported that two schools，_____ are being built in my hometown，will open
next year. (2007年四川卷)
A．they both B．which both C．bo th of them D．both of which
7. I was told that there were about 50 foreign students _____Chinese in the school,
most ____were from Germany. (2006辽宁卷)
A. study; of whom
B. study; of them
C. studying; of them
D. studying;
of whom
8. I was given three books on cooking, the first _______ I really enjoyed. (2006
浙江卷)
A. of that
B. of which
C. that
D. which
9. I have many friends, ______ some are b usinessmen. （2005全国错误！未找到引用源。）
A．of them B．from which C．who of D．of whom
10. The journey around the world took the old sailor nine months, _____ the sailing
time was 226 days. (2004广西)
A. of which
B. during which
C. from which
D. for which
11. The factory produces half a million pairs of shoes every year , 80% _____ are
sold abroad . (2004辽宁)
A.of which B．which of C．of them D．of that
12. There are two buildings, ______ stands nearly a hundred feet high. (2004湖北) A．the larger B．the larger of them C．the larger one that D．the larger of which
13. He paid the boy $ 10 for washing ten windows ,most of _____ hadn‘t been cleaned
for at least a year. （1990全国）
A. these
B. those
C. that
D. which
14. The settlement is home to nearly 1,000 people, many of ______ left their village homes for a better life in the city. (2010 浙江卷第3题)
A. whom
B. which
C. them
D. those
②after + which (事情发展的时间顺序)
1. He was educated at the local high school, _____ he went on to Beijing University.
(2007年江苏卷)
A. after which
B. after that
C. in which
D. in that
2. Eric received training in computer for one year, _____ he found a job in a big company. (2007年辽宁卷)
A. after that
B. after which
C. after it
D. after this
3. She was educated at Beijing University, ________she went on to have her advanced
study abroad. (2006陕西卷)
A. after which
B. from which
C. from that
D. after that
4. He was educated at a local grammar school, ______ he went on to Cambridge.（2005
山东）
A. from which
B. after that
C. after which
D. from this
③固定搭配
1. Gun control is a subject ____ Americans have argued for a long time. (2009陕西
11)
A. of which
B. with which
C. about which
D. into which
2. For many cities in the world, there is no room to spread our further, ______ New
York is an example. (2008年四川卷)
A. for which
B. in which
C. of which
D. from which
3 Human facial expressions differ from those of animals in the degree ______ they
can be controlled on purpose. ( 2007年重庆卷 )
A. with which
B. to which
C. of which
D. for which
4. We saw several natives advancing towards our party, and one of them came up to
us. _____we gave some bells and glasses. (2006湖南卷)
A. to which
B. to whom
C. with whom
D. with which
5. American women usually identify their best friend as someone _____ they can talk
frequently. (2004上海)
A. who
B. as
C. about which
D. with whom
6. Alec asked the policeman ______ he worked to contact him whenever there was an accident.
(2002上海)
A. with him
B. who
C. with whom
D. whom
7. The gentleman _______ you told me yesterday proved to be a thief. (2000上海春)
A. who
B. about whom
C. whom
D. with whom
8.In the dark street, there wasn't a single person ______ she could turn for help. (1992全国)
A. that
B. who
C. from whom
D. to whom
④其他情况（介词+which = 关系副词—表时间，地点等做状语）:
1. By nine o’clock, all the Olympic torch bearers had reached the top of Mount
Qomolangma, ____ appeared a rare rainbow soon. (2008年福建卷)
A. of which
B. on which
C. from which
D. above which
2. I saw a woman running to ward me in the dark. Before I could recognize who she
was，she had run back in the direction ______she had come. (2006重庆卷)
A. of which
B. by which
C. in which
D. from which
3. Frank's dream was to have his own shop ____ to produce the workings of his own hands. （2005湖南）
A. that
B. in which
C. by which
D. how
4. Many people who had seen the film were afraid to go to the forest when they remembered
the scenes _____ people were eaten by the tiger. （2005广东）
A. in which
B. by which
C. which
D. that
5. The place ______ the bridge is supposed to be built should be ______the cross-river
traffic is the heaviest. （2005江苏）
A. which; where
B. at which; which
C. at which; where
D. which; in which
6. The schools themselves admit that not all children will be successful in the jobs
______ they are being trained. （2005江西）
A．in that B．for that C．in which D．for which
7. Mark was a student at this university from 1999 to 2003, ____he studied very hard
and was made Chairman of the Students' Union. （2005重庆）
A. during which time
B. for which time
C. during whose time
D. by that time
8. The English play ______ my students acted at the New Year's party was a great success.
(2004全国错误！未找到引用源。)
A. for which
B. at which
C. in which
D. on which
9.Is this the house _____Shakespeare was born? （1988全国）
A. at where
B. which
C. in which
D. at which
考点3：非限制性定语从句中which和as的使用；
①which
1. The Science Museum, ______ we visited during a recent trip to Britain, is one of
London’s tourist attractions. ( 2008年江苏卷)
A. which
B. what
C. that
D. where
2. Yesterday she sold her car, ______ she bought a month ago. （2008年浙江卷）
A. whom
B. where
C. that
D. which
3. Chan’s restaurant on Baker Street, ______ used to be poorly run, is now a successful
business. (2007年浙江卷)
A. that
B. which
C. who
D. where
4. Her sister has become a lawyer, ______she wanted to be.（2005湖北）
A．who B．that C．what D．which
5. New York, ____ last year, is a nice old city. (2003北京)
A. that I visited
B. which I visited
C. where I visited
D. in which I visited 非限制性定语从句中，先行词是一个句子；
1. My friend showed me round the town, ______ was very kind of him. (2009全国Ⅱ17)
A. which
B. that
C. where
D. it
2. The road conditions there turned out to be very good, ___ was more than we could expect.
（2008年全国卷II）
A. it
B. what
C. which
D. that
3. Whenever I met her, _____ was fairly often, she greeted me with a sweet smile. (2009山东24)
A. who
B. which
C. when
D. that
4. By serving others, a person focuses on someone other than himself or herself, _____
can be very eye-opening and rewarding. (2007年湖南卷)
A. who
B. which
C. what
D. that
5. His movie won several awards at the film festival, ______ was beyond his wildest dream.
(2007年上海卷)
A. which
B. that
C. where
D. it
6. The owner of the cinema needed to make a lot of improvements and employ more people
to keep it running, _____ meant spending tens of thousands of pounds. (2006江苏卷)
A. who
B. that
C. as
D. which
7. Helen was much kinder to her youngest son than to the others, ______, of course ,
made the others envy him . (2004天津)
A. who
B. that
C. what
D. wh ich
8. John said he’d been working in the office for an hour, _______ was true. (2001
北京春)
A. he B．this C．which D．who
9. The result of the experiment was very good, ______ we hadn't expected. (2000北京春) C
A. when
B. that
C. which
D. what
10.Carol said the work would be done by October, ____ personally I doubt very much.
(1999全国)
A. it
B. that
C. when
D. which
11. The weather turned out to be very good, ______ was more than we could expect. (1994全国)
A.w hat
B. which
C. that
D. it
12.Alice received an invitation from her boss, ______came as a surprise. (1991全
国)
A. it
B. that
C. which
D. he
13. After graduating from college，I took some time off to go travelling，
turned out to be a wise decision．(四川卷第10题)
A．that B．which C．when D．where
②as
1. The Beatles, _______many of you are old enough to remember, came from Liverpool.
(2006天津卷)
A. what
B. that
C. how
D. as
2. ______ is reported in the newspapers, talks between the two countries are making
progress.
(2004北京)
A. It
B. As
C. That
D. What
3. ______ is often the case, we have worked out the production plan. (2004江苏)
A. Which
B. When
C. What
D. As
4. ____ has been announced, we shall have our final exams next month. (2003上海春)
A. That
B. As
C. It
D. What
5. ______ is known to everybody, the moon travels round the earth once every month. (2001全国)
A. It
B. As
C. That
D. What
6. These houses are sold at such a low price _______ people expected. (2000上海春)
A. like
B. as C . that D. which
考点4：表示地点，时间的先行词模糊化（抽象化）
①先行词（表时间）的模糊化
1. She’ll never forget her stay there ____ she found her son who had gone missing
two years before. (2009四川20)
A. tha t
B. which
C. where
D. when
2. Occasions are quite rare ____ I have the time to spend a day with my kids. (2008
年山东卷)
A. who
B. which
C. why
D. when
3. The film brought the hours back to me ____ I was taken good care of in that far-away
village. (2001全国)
A. until
B. that
C. when
D. where
4. It was an exciting moment for these football fans this year, ______for the first
time in years their team won the World Cup. (2000北京春)
A. that
B. while
C. which
D. when
②先行词（表地点）的模糊化
1. —What do you think of teaching, Bob?
—I find it fun and challenging. It is a job _____ you are doing something serious but interesting. （2009 北京 26）
A. where
B. which
C. when
D. that
2. Life’s like a long race ____ we compete with others to go beyond ourselves. (2009
重庆34)
A. why
B. what
C. that
D.where
3. I have reached a point in my life ____ I am supposed to make decisions of my own.
(2009浙江14)
A. which
B. where
C. how
D. why
3. All the neighbor admire this family _____the parents are treating their child like
a friend. （2008年安徽卷）
A. why
B. where
C. which
D. that
4. It’s helpful to put children in a situation ______ thet can see themselves differently.
(2009福建24)
A. that
B. when
C. which
D. where
5. Later in this chapter cases will be introduced to readers __ consumer complaints
have resulted in changes in the law. （2008年江西卷）
A. where
B. when
C. who
D. which
6. They will fly to Washington, they plan to stay for two or three days. (2008年重庆卷)
A. where
B. there
C. which
D. when
7. Those successful deaf dancers think that dancing is an activity _____ sight matters
more than hearing. (2007年天津卷)
A. when
B. whose
C. which
D. where
8. The village has developed a lot ______ we learned farming two years ago. (2007年福建卷)
A. when
B. which
C. that
D. where
9. Today, we’ll discuss a number of cases beginners of English fail to use the
language properly. (2007年陕西卷)
A. which
B. as
C. why
D. where
10. After graduation she reached a point in her career she needed to decide what
to do. (2007年江西卷)
A. that
B. what
C. which
D. where
11.We’re just trying to reach a point ____ both sides will sit down together and
talk.
(2006山东卷)
A. where
B. that
C. when
D. which
12. —Is that the small town you often refer to? （2005福建）
—Right, just the one_______ you know I used to work for years.
A．that B．which C．where D．what
13. If a shop has chairs________ women can park their men, women will spend more time
in the sh op. （2005上海）
A. that
B. which
C. when
D. where
14. A fast food restaurant is the place _______, just as the name suggests, eating
is performed quickly. (2004上海春招)
A. which
B. where
C. there
D. what
15. I work in a business ______ almost everyone is waiting for a great chance. (04湖南)
A. how
B. which
C. where
D. that
16. I can think of many cases ____ students obviously knew a lot of English words
and expressions but couldn't write a good essay. (2003上海卷)
A. why
B. which
C. as
D. where
17. He's got himself into a dangerous situation _____ he is likely to lose control
over the plane. (2001上海)
A. where
B. which
C. while
D. why
18. —Can you believe I had to pay 30 dollars for a haircut?
—You should try the barber’s I go. It’s only 15. (2010天津卷第8题)
A. as
B. which
C. where
D. that
19. Stephen Hawking believes that the earth is unlikely to the only planet _______ life has developed gradually. (2010 福建卷第24题)
A. that
B. where
C. which
D. whose
考点5：同位语从句和强调句，以及其他特殊情况
1. —Where did you get to know her?
—It was on the farm we worked. （2007年山东卷）
A．that B．there C．which D．where
2. Animals suffered at the hands of Man ___ they were destroyed by people to make
way for agricultural land to provide food for more people. （2008年江西卷）
A. in which
B. for which
C. so that
D. in that
答案：考点1：①that及省略that 1-5 DCBAA 6-8 BDC ②which CDDDA
③whose 1-5 CDBAD 6-10 CCCDB ④where 1-5 ADDDC CA
⑤who CDA ⑥when BDBD
考点2：①most/neither/both/比较级/最高级/数词… + of +which/whom
1-5 CBDDD 6-10 DDBDA 11-14 ADDB
②after + which (事情发展的时间顺序) ABAC③固定搭配 1-5 CCBBD 6-8 CBD
④其他情况 1-5 CDBAC 6-9 DACC
考点3：①which ADBDB先行词是一个句子—1-5 ACBBA 6-10 DDCCD 11-13 BCB
②as DBDBBB B
考点4：①先行词（表时间）的模糊化 DDCD
②先行词（表地点）的模糊化 1-5 ADBBD 6-10 ADDDD 11-15 ACDBC
16-19 DACB
考点5：DD
2020届高考一轮复习语法专项十七：连词连词分为并列连词和从属连词两大类。并列连词是连接主语与主语，谓语与谓语，句子与句子，分词与分词的词，它要求前后两部分有相同的形式和语法作用；而从属连词一般连接主句与从句，从句形式有名词性从句，定语从句和状语从句等。 （一）并列连词： 并列连词可用来连接词与词，词组与词组，分句与分句。常用的并列连词有：and（和），as well as（既…又），both … and（不但…而且），not only … but also（不但…而且），not … but（不是…而是），neither … nor（既不…也不），either … or（不是…就是），or（或者），but （但是），yet（然而），for（因为），so（所以），while（而），when（这时）等。如：Both my brother and my sister are teachers./ His room is bright but mine is gloomy（暗沉沉的）./ He can not only repair radios but also fix them./ It is a glorious（光荣的）yet difficult task./ Strike while iron is hot. （二）从属连词 从属连词是指在复合句中引导从句的连结词。常见的从属连词有： 引导时间状语从句的：after, before, when, as, while, since, until, till, as soon as 引导原因状语从句的：because, since, as 引导让步状语从句的：although, though, no matter（无论）, even if (though) 引导条件状语从句的：if, unless, once, so (as) long as 引导结果状语从句的：so … that …, such … that … 引导目的状语从句的：so that …, in order that … 引导比较状语从句的：as … as …, not so (as) … as …, … than … 引导方式状语从句的：as if … 引导主语，宾语或表语从句的连词主要有：that, whether, if三个。其中that 和whether 间或还可以引起同位从句和状语从句。 （三）某些用法比较特殊的从属连词用法区别 1、当while, when, as引导时间状语从句时的区别：①while引导的状语从句中动词必须是持续性。谓语动词多为进行时，或状态动词的一般时。while 的这些用法可用when代替，等于“at the time that”, “during the time that”。例如：Please keep quiet while (when) others are studying；② when除可指一段时间外，还可用来指一点时间，等于“at the time”，也就是说
专题一定语从句 一、关系代词引导的定语从句 1、that 指人或物在从句中作主语，宾语或表语 which 指物在从句中作主语，宾语或表语（作宾语时可以省略） who 指人在从句中作主语，宾语或表语 whom 指人在从句中作宾语 whose 指人或物在从句中作定语 as 指人或物在从句中作主语，宾语或表语 but 指人或物在从句中作主语，宾语或表语 注意：指物时，whose+名词=the+名词+of which 或of which+the+名词 2、as 的用法 （1）常用于下列结构：such…as; so…as;the same…as; as…as 注意：the same…as 表示同一类，不同一个 the same…that 表示同一个 （2）as与which的区别 a、位置不同 as可放在主句后，主句前或主句中间；which只能放在主句后。 b、as起连接作用，表达说话人的观点、看法，并指出主句内容的根据或出处，意为“正如，正像”。 Which相当于并列句，可以用and this来代替，意为“这一点，这件事’”。 注意：as常用于下列结构：as we know/ as is known to all, as we all can see, as has been said before/above, as might be excepted, as is often the case, 一般不能用which代替as。 C、在从句中作主语时，which既可作系动词be的主语也可作实义动词的主语，而as只可作系动词be的主语。 3、but用作关系代词，相当于who/that…not 例：In China there is no one but knows Lei Feng. 二、只用that不用which的情况 1、.先行词为all , much, everything, nothing , something ,anything, nothing, none, the one等不定代词时 2、先行词被only, any, few, little, no , all, just , very ,right等修饰时. 3、当先行词是最高级或被形容词最高级修饰时。 4、当先行词是序数词或被序数词修饰时。 5、当先行词是数词时. 6、当先行词既指人又指物时。 7、如有两个定语从句，其中一个关系代词已用which，另一个关系代词则宜用that。 8、主句是There be结构,修饰其主语的定语从句宜用that 作关系代词。 9、被修饰成分为表语,或者关系代词本身是定语从句的表语时，该关系代词宜用that。 10、先行词为what，关系代词用that。
定语从句（1） 一、概念 1) 定语从句：在主从复合句中用作定语的从句叫定语从句。定语从句一般紧接在先行词后面，但as引导的修饰全句的定语从句可以放在句首。 2) 先行词：被定语从句修饰的成份。先行词可以为一个词，短语，或整个主句。 3)关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词，分为关系代词和关系副词。 关系词的作用： (1) 引导定语从句，连接主句和从句，相当于一个连词； (2) 必在从句中作某个句子成份（可以做主语，宾语，表语，定语，状语）; 常用的关系代词: that、which、 who、whom、whose、as 、but 1. that多指物，有时也指人。在从句中作主语或宾语，有时作表语，作宾语时常省略。 2. which指物，在从句中作主语或宾语，作宾语时常省略。 3. who指人，在从句中作主语或宾语。 4. whom指人，在从句中作宾语，在口语及非正式文体中常省略。 5. whose可指人，也可指物，在从句中作定语。 6. as指人或物，在从句中作主语或宾语。当先行词被the same，as，such等修饰时，多用as 引导。 7. but文语, 置于否定词之后=that/who…not…, "没有……不……", 在从句中作主语，宾语。 二、关系代词引导的定语从句 1) which, that 它们所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语等，例如： A prosperity which / that had never been seen before appears in the countryside.（which / that在句中作宾语） The package (which / that) you are carrying is about to come unwrapped. (which / that 在句中作宾语) 2) who, whom, that 这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词，在从句中所起作用如下： Is he the man who/that wants to see you?（who/that在从句中作主语） He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday.（whom/that在从句中作宾语） 3) whose 用来指人或物，（只用作定语，若指物，它还可以同of which互换），例如： Please pass me the book whose (of which) cover is green. 4) 关系代词that和which (1) 不用that的情况： a) 在引导非限定性定语从句时 (错)The tree, that is four hundred years old, is very famous here. b) 介词后不能用 We depend on the land from which we get our food. (2) 只能用that作为定语从句的关系代词的情况 a) 在不定代词，如：anything, nothing, everything, all, much, few, any, little等作先行词时，只用that，不用which。
江苏高考英语语法专题复习知识点汇总 一、冠词The Article 知识要点： 冠词是一种虚词，放在名词的前面，帮助说明名词的含义。冠词分不定冠词（The Indefinite Article）和定冠词（The definite Article）两种。a (an) 是不定冠词，a用在辅音之前：如a book, a man; an用在元音之前，如：an old man, an hour, an interesting book等。the是定冠词。 一、不定冠词的用法 1、指人或事物的某一种类（泛指）。这是不定冠词a (an)的基本用法。如：She is a girl. I am a teacher. Please pass me an apple. 2、指某人或某物，但不具体说明何人或何物。如：He borrowed a story-book from the library. A Li is looking for you. 一位姓李的同志正在找你。 3、表示数量，有“一”的意思，但数的概念没有one强烈。如： I have a mouth, a nose and two eyes. 4、用于某些固定词组中。如： a bit, a few, a little, a lot of, a piece of, a cup of, a glass of, a pile of, a pair of, have a good time, for a while, for a long time等。 5、用在抽象名词前，表具体的介绍——a + 抽象名词，起具体化的作用。如： This little girl is a joy to her parents. 这女孩对她父母来说是一个乐趣。 It is a pleasure to talk with you. 跟您交谈真是一件愉快的事情。 It is an honour to me to attend the meeting. 参加这个会，对我来说是一种荣誉。 二、定冠词的用法： 1、特指某（些）人或某（些）事物。这是定冠词the的基本用法。如： Beijing is the capital of China. The pen on the desk is mine. 2、指谈话双方都知道的人或事物。如： Where is the teacher? Open the window, please. 3、指上文提过的人或事物（第二次出现）。如： There was a chair by the window. On the chair sat a young woman with a baby in her arms. The baby was thin. 4、用在世界上独一无二的事物前。如： the earth, the moon, the sun. 5、用在序数词和形容词最高级前。（副词最高级前的定冠词可省略）如： He is always the first to come to school. Bob is the tallest in his class. 6、用在某些专有名词前（由普通名词构成的专用名词）。如： the Great Wall, the Summer Palace, the Science Museum, the Children’s Palace, the Party等。 7、用在一些习惯用语中。如： on the day, in the morning (afternoon, evening), the day after tomorrow, the day before yesterday, the next year, by the way等。 8、用在江河湖海、山脉前。如： the Yellow River, the Pacific Ocean, the Alps, the Himalayas 9、用在报刊、杂志前。如： the People’s Daily, the Evening Paper, the Times 泰晤士报。 10、表示某一家人要加定冠词。如： The Browns are at home to receive visitors today. 布朗一家今天要接待客人。 11、用在形容词前，表某一类人。如： the poor, the wounded, the living, the dead, the rich, the sick等。 12、定冠词可以表示一事物内部的某处。如： The driver always sits in the front of the bus(car). 三、零冠词（即不用冠词）： 1、专用名词和不可数名词前。如： China, America, Grade One, Class Two, milk, oil, water, paper, science等。 2、名词前已有作定语用的this, that, my, your, some, any等代词。如： Go down this street. 3、复数名词表示一类人或事物时。如： We are students.
高中英语定语从句讲解及练习 定语从句是高中重点知识，也是高考常考点，大家也不容易掌握，这篇文章主要教你关系代词引导的定语从句 关系副词引导的定语从句判断关系代词与关系副词限制性和非限制性定语从句等内容，有例题讲解定语从句在句中做定语，修饰一个名词或代词，被修饰的名词词组或代词即先行词。定语从句通常出现在先行词之后，由关系词（关系代词或关系副词）引出。 关系代词有：who, whom, whose, that, which等。 关系副词有：when, where, why等。 18.1 关系代词引导的定语从句 关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词，并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。 1）who, whom, that 这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词，在从句中作主语和宾语。例如： Is he the man who/that wants to see you? 他就是你想见的人吗？（who/that在从句中作主语） He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday. 他就是我昨天见的那个人。（whom/that在从句中作宾语） 2）whose 用来指人或物，（只用作定语, 若指物，它还可以同of which互换）。例如： They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down.那人车坏了，大家都跑过去帮忙。 Please pass me the book whose （of which）cover is green.请递给我那本绿皮的书。 3）which, that所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语等。例如： A prosperity which / that had never been seen before appears in the countryside. 农村出现了前所未有的繁荣。（which / that在句中作宾语） The package （which / that）you are carrying is about to come unwrapped. 你拿的包快散了。（which / that在句中作宾语） 18.2 关系副词引导的定语从句 关系副词可代替的先行词是时间、地点或理由的名词，在从句中作状语。 1）关系副词when, where, why的含义相当于\"介词+ which\"结构，因此常常和\"介词+ which\"结构交替使用。例如： There are occasions when （on which）one must yield.任何人都有不得不屈服的时候。 Beijing is the place where（in which）I was born.北京是我的出生地。 Is this the reason why （for which）he refused our offer?这就是他拒绝我们帮助他的理由吗？ 2）that代替关系副词，可以用于表示时间、地点、方式、理由的名词后取代when, where, why和\"介+which\"引导的定语从句，在口语中that常被省略。例如： His father died the year （that / when / in which）he was born.他父亲在他出生那年逝世了。 He is unlikely to find the place （that / where / in which）he lived forty years ago. 他不大可能找到他四十年前居住过的地方。 18.3 判断关系代词与关系副词 方法一：用关系代词，还是关系副词完全取决于从句中的谓语动词。及物动词后面无宾语，就必须要求用关系代词；而不及物动词则要求用关系副词。例如： This is the mountain village where I stayed last year. 这是我去年呆过的山村。 I'll never forget the days when I worked together with you.我永远不会忘记与你共事的日子。 判断改错： （错）This is the mountain village where I visited last year. （错）I will never forget the days when I spent in the countryside. （对）This is the mountain village （which）I visited last year. （对）I'll never forget the days （which）I spent in the countryside. 习惯上总把表地点或时间的名词与关系副词where, when联系在一起。此两题错在关系词的误用上。 方法二：准确判断先行词在定语从句中的成分（主、谓、宾、定、状），也能正确选择出关系代词/关
高考英语13个语法考点英语语法归纳总结 高中英语离不开语法的学习，无论是英语口语还是英语写作，联系各个词汇之间的就是英语语法。下文小编给大家整理了高考必考的13个英语语法考点，供参考！ ? ?高考英语必考的13个语法考点1、as 句型 ?(1) as引导方式状语从句句型：“按照……;正如……” ?例：As(it is)in your country, we grow wheat in the north and rice in the south.?正如(像) 你们国家一样，我们北方种植小麦，南方种植水稻。 ?(2) as+形容词/副词原级+(a /an)+名词+as ; ?否定式：not as/so --- as ?例：He is as good a player as his sister. ?他和他姐姐一样是位优秀的运动员。 ?(3) such + n. + as to do 如此……以致于…… ?例：She is such a fool as to believe what he said. ?她是一个如此的一个笨蛋以致相信了他所说的话。 ?(4) so + adj./adv. + as to do sth 如此……以致于…… ?例：He was so strong as to carry the heavy box. ?他是如此的强壮以致于能提起那重箱子。 ?(5) such...as... 象……之类的…… (接名词或定语从句) ?例：He wished to be such a man as Lei Feng was. ?他希望成为一个像雷锋这样的人。 ?(6) the same +名词+as 和……一样的…… (接名词或定语从句)
最新精品汇编2013高考模拟试题分类汇编：冠词 1. Li Qun, who graduated from_____university in South China, is now studying for her degree in _ European country, A．a, a B．the, an C．the, a D．a ,an 2. spacecraft Shenzhou VII took off On November 1，2011 at Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center in Northwest China． A．The；the B．The；不填C．A；the D．A；不填 3. I don't know who invented _____ iphone, but I think it is _____ useful invention． A．the; a B．the; the C．an; the D．an; a 4. If you are hunting chance to improve yourself in English，I think the English corner will be smart choice. A．a；a B．a；the C. the；a D．the；the 5. -----How about________ Christmas evening party? -----I should say it was _________ success. A. a; a B. the; / C. a; / D. the; a 6. The government said the city is facing ______ short supply of about 1 million cubic meters of ________ natural gas. A. a; / B. the; the C. a; a D. the; / 7. If you fail this time, don't lose ______ heart．Try to do it ______ second time． A．your; a B．your; the C．不填;a D．不填;the 8. —Which of the two poems do you like most? —shorter one, of course. I think it’s really most interesting one. A．The; a B．The; the C．A; the D．The; 不填 9. It is said that ______ wool produced in Australia is of ______ high quality. A. 不填; 不填 B. the; 不填 C. the; a D. the; the 10. People who drink and drive are __________ danger both to themselves and to ________others. A. the；不填 B. a；不填 C. 不填；the D. the；the 11. Yue Yue, _____ 2-year-old girl who was twice run over by vans and then ignored by 18 passers-by as she lay critically injured on a street, draws _____ concern from all over the country. A. the, / B. a, the C. a; / D. the, a 12. _______ most efficient way to understand thousands of new words is to gain _______ good knowledge of basic word formation． A．A; a B．The; / C．A;/ D．The; the 13. When you grow up in___________ large family，you are more likely to develop__________ ability to get on well with others． A．the；the B．the；a C．a：a D．a：the 14. ----I hear that there was a terrible crash in the subway in Shanghai the other day. ----Yes, ______news came as ______shock to all of us. A. the; the B. a; / C. the; a D. /; a 15. It is thought that custom of coloring eggs was brought to Europe during Middle Ages．A．the：the B．a；不填C．a；the D．the；不填 16. Nicknames are interesting. If ______ man were unusually strong, he might adopt _____name
高考英语语法考点：冠词语法归纳 高考英语语法贯穿在高考英语选择题、高考英语作文中，在进行阅读理解和完形填空时也用得到。可以说单词是英语学习的基础、语法是英语学习的架构。高考英语语法不难，总结起来也就十几点，在听课和做题中不断揣摩其中的规律，再反过来通过题目精炼。 冠词分为不定冠词（a, an），定冠词（the），和零冠词。 I. 不定冠词的用法 1指一类人或事，相当于a kind of A plane is a machine that can fly. 2第一次提及某人某物，非特指 A boy is waiting for you.有个男孩在等你。 3表示“每一”相当于every，one We study eight hours a day. 4表示“相同”相当于the same We are nearly of an age. 5用于人名前，表示不认识此人或与某名 人有类似性质的人或事 — Hello, could I speak to Mr. Smith? —Sorry, wrong number. There isn't______ Mr. Smith here. A. 不填 B. a C. the D. one That boy is rather a Lei Feng.（活雷锋） 6用于固定词组中 a couple of, a bit, once upon a time, in a hurry, have a walk, many a time 7用于quite, rather, many, half, what, such 之后 This room is rather a big one. 8用于so(as, too, how)+形容词之后She is as clever a girl as you can wish to meet. 9用于抽象名词具体化的名词前 success(抽象名词)→a success(具体化) 成功的人或事 a failure 失败的人或事 a shame 带来耻辱的人或事 a pity 可惜或遗憾的事 a must 必需必备的事 a good knowledge of 精通掌握 II. 定冠词的用法 1表示某一类人或物 In many places in China, ___ bicycle is still ___ popular means of transportation. A. a; the B. /; a C. the; a D. the; the 2用于世上独一无二的事物名词前the universe, the moon, the Pacific Ocean 3表示说话双方都了解的或上文提到过Would you mind opening the door?
高考英语定语从句知识点知识点总复习含答案(1) 一、选择题 1．The man took out a knife and made a mark ____ his sword was dropped, confusing the passengers on board. A．from where B．what C．on which D．where 2．The book tells stories of the earthquake through the eyes of those lives were affected A．whose B．that C．who D．which 3．The president of Harvard pioneered the elective system______ students were able to choose their own courses of study. A．on which B．about which C．to which D．by which 4．5G is an exciting mobile technology, ________ will give a massive boost to smart cities and vehicles. A．where B．when C．that D．which 5．—How did you find your way here？ —It was by following the travel brochure _____ the route is clearly clarified. A．that B．how C．where D．which 6．My brother bought a telescope, ______ he could study the star in the night sky. A．of which B．through which C．in which D．on which 7．Liberty, equality, and fraternity are the ideals _______ human beings have been fighting. A．to which B．against which C．with which D．for which 8．Companies should understand the risks _______ they are exposed and monitor their control environments adequately. A．on which B．in which C．to which D．with which 9．All of us were so excited at the news ____we’ll go abroad for holidays ___we jumped with joy. A．that; that B．what; and then C．what; that D．which; so 10．She brought with her three friends，none of ________ I had ever met before. A．them B．who C．whom D．these 11．People often turn to china https://www.doczj.com/doc/fe16961697.html,_____they’ll find valuable information regardin g everything they’ll be or are going through. A．which B．where C．when D．why 12．Try to be a responsible school by not allowing anyone to attend class, ________ has had a fever. A．who B．which C．as D．that 13．Allen is good at seizing every opportunity ____ he thinks he can show his best self to others. A．when B．that C．where D．which 14．We won’t forget the heroes ________ lost their lives while fighting against a forest fire. A．who B．whose C．when D．why 15．You were really between a rock and a hard place ______ you had to choose between your career and your relationship. A．when B．where C．before D．until
高考英语语法专题复习 一、名词Nouns 一、名词的种类： 1、专有名词 1）China, Japan, Beijing, London, Tom, Jack（不加冠词） 2）the Great Wall, the Yellow River, the People’s Republic of China, the United States等。 （由普通名词构成的专有名词，要加定冠词。） 2、普通名词 物质名词：water,rice, oil, paper...... 1）不可数名词 抽象名词：health, trouble, work, pleasure, honor...... 注： ①不可数名词前一般不加冠词，尤不加不定冠词：若加a(an)则使之具体化了。 如：have a wonderful time. make a great progress. ②不可数名词作主语，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。 ③不可数名词一般无复数形式。部分物质名词在表不同类别时，可用复数形式。 如：fishes, newspapers, waters, snows ...... | | | | 各种各样的鱼各种报纸河湖、海水大片水域积雪 ④有些抽象名词也常用复数，变为可数的具体的事物。如：times时代，works著作，difficulties ⑤在表数量时，常用“of”词组来表示。如： a glass of milk, a cup of tea, two pieces of paper...... 2）可数名词： ①可数名词除用复数形式表一类之外，一般都要加冠词：A bird can fly. The frog is a kind of hibernating animal. Vegetables sold at this shop are usually fresh. ②有复数形式： a）规则变化——加“s”或“es”（略） b）不规则变化——child (children), foot (feet), tooth (teeth), man (men), woman (women), mouse (mice), goose (geese), Englishman (Englishmen),phenomenon(pheno mena)； 注：c）单、复数同形：sheep, deer, Chinese, Japanese, fish（同一种鱼）......。如， a sheep, two sheep d）只用复数形式： thanks, trousers, goods, clothes, socks, shoes...... e）形复实单：physics, politics, maths, news, plastics（塑料），means. f）形单实复：people (人民，人们；表民族时复数+s），the police, cattle等 g）集合名词：family, public, group, class等。作为整体时，为单数；作为整体中的各个成员时， 为复数。如：My family is a big one. My family are music lovers. h）合成名词变复数时: a.只把复合名词中的主体名词变为复数形式。如：
2020高考英语易错语法点专题九定语从句（解析版） 1.(2019·全国卷II，62) Now Irene Astbury works from 9 am to 5 pm daily at the pet shop in Macclesfield， _____she opened with her late husband Les. 2.(2019·全国卷III)In the cafe,customers will enjoy themselves in the historical environment_______is created for them. 3.（2019 江苏卷，21 ）We have entered into an age _______ dreams have the best chance of coming true. 4.（2019·天津卷，11）Their child is at the stage______ she can say individual words but not full sentences. 5.(2019·新课标III卷)They were well trained by their masters __ ___ had great experience with caring for these animals. 6. (2019·北京卷)The students befitting most from college are those ___ ___ are totally engaged(参与)in academic life. 7.【2018·北京】She and her family bicycle to work, _________ helps them keep fit. A. which B. who C. as D. that 8.【2018·天津】Kate, ________sister I shared a room with when we were at college, has gone to work in Australia. A. whom B. that C. whose D. her 9.【2018·江苏】Self-driving is an area _______ China and the rest of the world are on the same starting line. A. that B. where C. which D. when 10.【2017·北京】The little problems ______ we meet in our daily lives may be inspirations for great inventions. A. that B. as C. where D. when 11.【2017·江苏】In 1963 the UN set up the World Food Programme, one of ______ purposes is to relieve worldwide starvation. A. which B. it’s C. whose D. whom 12.【2017·天津】My eldest son, _______ work takes him all over the world, is in New York at the moment. A. that B. whose C. his D. who 13.【2016·北京】I live next door to a couple ________ children often make a lot of noise. A. whose B. why C. where D. which 14.【2016·江苏】Many young people, most ______were well-educated, headed for remote regions to chase their dreams. A. of which B. of them C. of whom D. of those 15.【2016·浙江】Scientists have advanced many theories about why human beings cry tears , none of ______ has
高中英语定语从句经典习题 1. Mary lives in the room, the door _____ opens east. A. of it B. of which C. of that D. whose 2. The engineer _____ my father is talking has just come from abroad. A. with whom B. with who C. with which D. that 3. He lives in a hotel, _____ is only five minutes’ walk from here. A. that B. which C. in which D. where 4. Is there anything _____ I can do for you? . A. which B. who C. as D. that 5. The speaker will tell us about some writers and their works _____are known to us. A. which B. that C. as D. who 6. This is the reason _____ they are all against the plan. A. which B. that C. why D. what 7. It was not until late in the evening _____ the traveler found a hotel. A. which B. that C. as D. where 8. I didn’t like the way _____ she spoke to me. A. which B. that C. how D. as 9. This is _____ I can do for you right now. A. which B. that C. what D. as 10. It was at our college library _____ I borrowed the novel. A. which B. in which C. that D. where 11. I have seen trees, _____ open at sunrise and close at sunset. A. which the leaves B. of which leaves C. whose leaves D. its leaves