The Relative Clause(关系从句)
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在英语中，关系从句也叫定语从句（attributive clause），可以分成两类：限制性关系从句（defining/restrictive relative clause）和非限制性关系从句（non-
defining/non-restrictive relative clause）。
一、限制性关系从句
限制性关系从句一般都直接置于其修饰的先行词之后，
前面不加逗号。
1. 限制性关系从句一般由下列关系代词引导。
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主语
宾语所有格人
who (whom / who)whose that (that)物
which which whose/of which
that (that)例如：The tall man who/that is standing over there is my brother.
站在那里的那个高个子是我的兄弟。
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I have just met a lady (whom/who/that) I saw last week .
我刚遇到一位我上个星期见过的女士。
You are the only one whose advice he might listen to . 只有你的话他可能会听。
She was not on the train which/that arrived just now . 她不在刚才到的那列火车上。
This is the book (which/that) you wanted .
这就是你要的那本书。
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I’d like a room whose window/the window of which looks out over the sea .
我想要一个窗户面临大海的房间。
2. 限制性关系从句还可以由 when, where, why 等关系副词引导。
例如：
July and August are the months when the weather is hot .
七、八月时天气很热。
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He has reached the point where a change is needed . 他已经到了改弦易辙的地步。
Do you know the reason why I left early ?
你知道我为什么早走吗？
二、非限制性关系从句
非限制性关系从句，用来对前面某一先行词进行补充说明，或对前面整句话进行评述（后者只能用 which 来引导），前面须加逗号。
1. 非限制性关系从句一般由下列关系代词引导。
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例如：
Our guide, who was French-Canadian, was an excellent cook.
我们的向导是一个法裔加拿大人，他很擅长烹饪。Water, which is a clear liquid, has many uses.
水是一种清澈的液体，有许多用途。
主语宾语所有格
人who whom/who whose
物which which whose/of which
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Peter drove too fast, which is very dangerous . (注：which 代表前面整句)
彼得开车太快，这是很危险的。
Mrs. Green, whose children are in college , is trying to get a job.
格林太太的孩子都在上大学，她想找一份工作。
2. 非限制性关系从句还可以由 when, where 等关系副词引导。
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例如：
Once more I am in Boston, where I have not been for ten years .
我又一次来到了波士顿，我有十年没有到这里来了。We’ll put off the picnic until next week, when the weather may be better .
我们将把野餐推迟到下星期，那时天气可能会好一点。