专题10 语言表达之词句填空
2018年高考
1、【2018年高考新课标Ⅰ卷】阅读下面的文字，完成后面题目。
“大洋一号”是中国第一艘现代化的综合性远洋科学考察船。自1995年以来，这艘船经历了大洋矿产资源研究开发专项的多个远洋调查航次和大陆架勘查多个航次的任务。今年，它又完成了历时45天、航程6208海里的综合海试任务。对不熟悉的人而言，（）。在这里，重力和ADCP实验室、磁力实验室、地震实验室、综合电子实验室、地质实验室、生物基因实验室、深拖和超短基线实验室等各种实验室，分布在第三、四层船舱。由于船上配备了很多先进设备，人不用下水就能进行海底勘探。比如，深海可视采样系统可以将海底微地形地貌图像传到科学考察船上，犹如有了千里眼，海底世界可以，并可根据需要地抓取矿物样品和采集海底水样；深海浅层岩芯取样钻机可以在深海底比较坚硬的岩石上钻取岩芯。
“大洋一号”的远航活动，与郑和下西洋相呼应。600年前，伟大的航海家郑和七下西洋，在世界航海史上留下了光辉的一页。600年后，“大洋一号”不断进步，，在《联合国海洋法公约》的法律框架下，探索海洋奥秘，开发海洋资源，以实际行动为人类和平利用海洋作出了中国人民的贡献。
下列在文中括号内补写的语句，最恰当的一项是（3分）
A．“大洋一号”的实验室很多，就像迷宫一样
B．“大洋一号”有十几个像迷宫一样的实验室
C．走进“大洋一号”，犹如进入了一座迷宫
D．进入迷宫一样的“大洋一号”，会分辨不出方向
【答案】C
【解析】
【考点定位】语言表达简明、连贯、得体，准确、鲜明、生动。能力层级为表达应用E。
【名师点睛】此题考核简明、连贯、得体的能力，重点考核语句连贯，语句衔接的题目是课标卷必考的题目，有时是排序，有时是填写衔接句，排序的题目主要从陈述对象的转换、关联词语的呼应、指代性词语的指代意义、和上下文的顺序照应、和空格前后的衔接等角度分析。填写衔接句主要从陈述对象的一致，虚词的运用，句式选用、情感基调、前后的逻辑顺序和音韵的和谐的角度选取。
2、【2018年高考新课标Ⅱ卷】阅读下面的文字，完成后面题目。
戏曲既需要传承也需要创新，这是业内的基本共识。然而，近年来由于一些创新尝试未收到理想效果，有人就将创新和继承对立起来，认为戏曲不必创新。尤其是昆曲等戏曲艺术进入世界非物质文化遗产名录之后，创新在某些人那里几乎成了贬义词。（）。随着时代的发展变化，戏曲艺术不断被赋予新的内涵。如果一直固守原有形态，只强调复制和模仿，戏曲恐怕早在数百年前就了。突破
前人、大胆创新，这是各个时代取得伟大成就的艺术家的共性。诚如某戏剧评论家所言，没有一位的京剧名伶是靠模仿或重复而成就自己的。京剧大师梅兰芳，以坚定的信念和博大的胸怀为京剧改革作出巨大贡献。他眼界开阔，，除唱腔、表演技巧之外，还从化妆、灯光、服装、舞蹈、剧目创作等多个方面进行了大量的探索，可谓“剧剧有创新，剧剧有新腔”。尚小云、荀慧生、于连泉等人，也是因为具有超越前人的理想和切实的努力，不满足于停留在雷池之内，才能够在强大的保守情绪的笼罩下突破藩篱，从而成为新流派的创始人。当然，戏曲的创新必须以传承为基础，是传承中的创新，而不是眼花缭乱甚至任性妄为的创新，才能探索出一条能够被大多数观众接受的创新之路来。
下列在中文括号内补写的语句，最恰当的一项是（3分）
A．当代戏曲的发展，被创新精神的缺失所制约
B．当代戏曲的发展，因创新精神的缺失而被制约
C．创新精神的缺失，制约了当代戏曲的发展
D．创新精神的缺失，对当代戏曲发展起了制约作用
【答案】C
【解析】
【考点定位】语言表达简明、连贯、得体、准确、鲜明、生动。能力层级为表达运用E。
【试题点评】此题属于语言表达连贯的语句复位题，既考查语言表达连贯的能力，也考查选用句式的能力。
语句复位题指根据所提供的语境，选择与语境最相符、与上下文衔接最连贯的一句话。语句复位题一般是定位选句，大多采用选择题的形式。做好语句复位题要从以下几个方面考察：①话题是否统一。
要注意陈述主体、陈述内容、叙述的角度要保持一致；②前后是否勾连。要关注形成句群或复句的各分句之间存在的顺承、因果、假设、并列等关系，做到思路清晰，层次合理；③事理是否相承。既要注意注意逻辑关系，如因果、条件、并列、递进、总分、先后、大小、多寡、快慢、轻重、难易、表里等的思维顺序，又要注意符合生活的事理；④意境是否协调。要注意画面、情调、风格的和谐统一。
或阴沉凄凉，或欢乐热烈，或简洁明快，或隐晦曲折等，文段中所体现的情感意蕴，同其中的物象要高度契合统一；⑤句式是否一致。如句子的结构、关联词的搭配等，所选的句子要和语段信息前后照应，表意上形成一个完美的整体；⑥音节是否和谐。要考虑语句前后句子的字数、音节、句式、平仄等。本题解答时可根据话题的一致性排除AB两项，再根据前后整理相承，判断出正确答案。
3、【2018年高考新课标Ⅲ卷】阅读下面的文字，完成下列小题。
除了人会为了理想奔波迁徙以外，很多动物也有着自己________的迁徙盛举。冬季来临，天气寒冷，食物短缺，很多动物选择集体逃离，待到春暖花开、万物复苏再一起回来。动物迁徙是有确定路线的。它们对驻地有着自己的坚守和执着，而不是________。对于动物究竟如何确定自己的迁徙路线，科学家一直
都充满好奇。有科学家认为，迁徙动物都有独特的“助航设施”，它们通过海岸线等作为参照，利用特殊的嗅觉和听觉等获得方向。也有科学家认为，迁徙动物身体中存在磁受体，可以感应地球磁场，它们有自己的生物指南针。更有趣的是，又有科学家发现即使是室内饲养的、从未接触过其他同伴的年轻乌鸦，也会沿着祖辈飞过的路线进行迁徙，也就是说，（），它们天生就知道去哪里寻找温暖的地方过冬。到目前为止，关于动物迁徙路线确定的问题，科学家仍在________地进行探究，我们期待着更加________的故事出现。
下列在文中括号内补写的语句，最恰当的一项是（3分）
A．迁徒的方向感已经被上一代遗传给它们
B．它们已经从上一代遗传了迁徙的方向感
C．迁徙的方向感已经由上一代遗传给它们
D．上一代已经遗传给了它们迁徙的方向感
【答案】C
【解析】
【考点定位】语言表达简明、连贯、得体、准确、鲜明、生动。能力层级为表达运用E。
【试题点评】此题属于语言表达连贯的语句复位题，既考查语言表达连贯的能力，也考查选用句式的能力。
语句复位题指根据所提供的语境，选择与语境最相符、与上下文衔接最连贯的一句话。语句复位题一般是定位选句，大多采用选择题的形式。做好语句复位题要从以下几个方面考察：①话题是否统一。
要注意陈述主体、陈述内容、叙述的角度要保持一致；②前后是否勾连。要关注形成句群或复句的各分句之间存在的顺承、因果、假设、并列等关系，做到思路清晰，层次合理；③事理是否相承。既要注意注意逻辑关系，如因果、条件、并列、递进、总分、先后、大小、多寡、快慢、轻重、难易、表里等的思维顺序，又要注意符合生活的事理；④意境是否协调。要注意画面、情调、风格的和谐统一。
或阴沉凄凉，或欢乐热烈，或简洁明快，或隐晦曲折等，文段中所体现的情感意蕴，同其中的物象要高度契合统一；⑤句式是否一致。如句子的结构、关联词的搭配等，所选的句子要和语段信息前后照应，表意上形成一个完美的整体；⑥音节是否和谐。要考虑语句前后句子的字数、音节、句式、平仄等。本题括号上文讲的是“迁徙的方向感”，因此可首先排除B．D两项。然后比较剩下的A．C两项，不难发现A项“被遗传”说法的错误。
4．【2018年高考浙江卷】在下面一段文字横线处补写恰当的语句，使整段文字语意完整连贯，内容贴切，逻辑严密。每处不超过15个字。
植物的生长与光合作用、呼吸作用及蒸腾作用有关，________________，所以温度直接影响植物的
2016年高考真题谓语动词语法填空 1. (2016北京)Jack __________________( work) in the lab when the power cut occurred． 2. (2016北京)—Excuse me，which movie are you waiting for? —The new Star Wars．We ________ (wait) here for more than two hours． 3. (2016北京)I _____________ (read) half of the English novel，and I’ll try to finish it at the weekend． 4. (2016北京)The students have been working hard on their lessons and their efforts ________________ (reward) with success in the end． 5. (2016北京)Why didn’t you tell me abou t your trouble last week? If you _____________ （tell）me，I could have helped． 6. (2016浙江)Silk _____________ (become) one of the primary goods traded along the Silk Road by about 100 BC． 7. (2016浙江)Had the governments and scientists not worked together , AIDS-related deaths ________________ (fall ) since their highest in 2005． 8. (2016天津)When walking down the street, I came across David, whom I ___________ （see）for years. 9. (2016天津) I was wearing a seatbelt. If I hadn’t been wearing one, I ________________(injury) 10. (2016江苏)More efforts, as reported, ____________ (make) in the years ahead to accelerate the supply-side structural reform． 11. (2016江苏)If it____________ (be) for his invitation the other day, I should not be here now． 12. (2016江苏)Dashan, who __________ (learn）crosstalk, the Chinese comedic tradition, for decades, wants to mix it up with the Western stand-up tradition． 13. (2016全国卷I) Then, handle the most important tasks first so you’ll feel a real sense of achievement. Leaving the less important things until tomorrow ______________(be) often acceptable. 14. (2016全国卷I) but whatever it is, __________ (make) sure it’s a relief from daily stress rather than another thing to worry about. 15. (2016全国卷II) It was a great honour to be invited backstage at the not-for-profit Panda Base, where pocket money helps pay for research. I ________ (allow) to get up close to these cute animals at the 600-acre centre. 16. (2016全国卷III)Confucius believed knives would remind people of killings and _________(be) too violent for use at the table. 2016年高考真题答案：1. was working 2. have been waiting 3. have read 4. will be rewarded 5. had told 6. had become 7. would not have fallen 8. hadn’t seen9. would have been injured 10. will be made 11.had not been 12.has been learning 13.is 14. make 15.was allowed 16. were
if you feel stressed by responsibilities at work, you should take a step back and identify(识另U )those of ______ (great) and less importanee. Then, handle the most important tasks first so you'llfeel a real sense of ___(achieve). Leaving the less importance things until tomorrow ___(be) often acceptable. Most of us are more focused ___our tasks in the morning than we are later in the day. So, get an early start and try to be as productive___ possible before lunch. This will give you the confidence you need to get you through the afternoon and go home feeling accomplished. Recently___ (study) show that we are far more productive at work if we take short breaks___(regular). Give your body and brain a rest by stepping outside for ___while, exercising, or doing something you enjoy. If you find something you love doing outside of the office, you 'llbe less likely___(bring) your work home. It could be anything, gradening, cooking, music, sport-but whatever it is,___(make) sure it'sa relief from daily stress rather than another thing to worry about.
2016高考英语语法填空真题精选10篇 Passage 1 (2015?新课标全国Ⅰ) 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 Yangshuo，China It was raining lightly when I __1__ (arrive) in Yangshuo just before dawn.But I didn't care.A few hours __2__，I'd been at home in Hong Kong，with __3__ (it) choking smog.Here，the air was clean and fresh，even with the rain. I'd skipped nearby Guilin，a dream place for tourists seeking the limestone mountain tops and dark waters of the Li River __4__ are pictured by artists in so many Chinese __5__ (painting).Instead，I'd headed straight for Yangshuo.For those who fly to Guilin，it's only an hour away __6__ car and offers all the scenery of the better-known city. Yangshuo __7__ (be) really beautiful.A study of travelers __8__ (conduct) by the website TripAdvisor names Yangshuo as one of the top 10 destinations in the world.And the town is fast becoming a popular weekend destination for people in Asia.Abercrombie & Kent，a travel company in Hong Kong，says it __9__ (regular) arranges quick getaways here for people __10__ (live) in Shanghai and Hong Kong. Passage 2 (2015?新课标全国Ⅱ) 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。 The adobe dwellings(土坯房)__1__(build) by the Pueblo Indians of the American Southwest are admired by even __2__ most modern of architects and engineers.In addition to their simple beauty，what makes the adobe dwellings admirable is their __3__(able) to “air condition”a house without __4__(use)electric equipment.Walls made of adobe take in the heat
历年高考语法填空真题 1. (2017全国Ⅰ)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 There has been a recent trend in the food service industry toward lower fat content and less salt. This trend, which was started by the medical community(医学界)61 a method of fighting heart disease, has had some unintended side 62 (effect) such as overweight and heart disease—the very thing the medical community was trying to fight. Fat and salt are very important parts of a diet. They are required 63 (process) the food that we eat, to recover from injury and for several other bodily functions. When fat and salt 64 (remove) from food, the food tastes as if is missing something. As 65 result, people will eat more food to try to make up for that something missing. Even 66 (bad), the amount of fast food that people eat goes up. Fast food 67 (be) full of fat and salt; by 68 (eat) more fast food people will get more salt and fat than they need in their diet. Having enough fat and salt in your meals will reduce the urge to snack(吃点心) between meals and will improve the taste of your food. However, be 69 (care) not to go to extremes. Like anything, it is possible to have too much of both, 70 is not good for the health. 2. (2017全国Ⅱ)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 In 1863 the first underground passenger railway in the world opened in London. It ran for just under seven kilometers and allowed people to avoid terrible __61__(crowd) on the roads above as they travelled to and __________62__ work. It took three years to complete and was built using an interesting method. This included digging up the road, ____63___(lay) the track and then building a strong roof over___64___ top. When all those had been done, the road surface was replaced. Steam engines ___65__(use) to pull the carriages and it must have been___66__(fair)unpleasant for the passengers, with all the smoke and noise. However, the railway quickly proved to be a great success and within six months, more than 25,000 people were using___67__ every day. Later, engineers ____68___(manage) to construct railways in a system of deep tunnels (隧道), which became known to the tube. This development was only possible with the ___69___ (introduce) of electric-powered engines and lifts. The central London Railway was one of the most ___70___(success) of these new lines, and was opened in 1900. It had white-painted tunnels and bright red carriages, and proved extremely popular with the public. 3. (2017全国Ⅲ)阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 She looks like any other schoolgirl, fresh-faced and full of life. Sarah Thomas is looking forward to challenge of her new A-level course .But unlike school friends ,16-year-old Sarah is not spending half-term 61 ________ (rest). Instead, she is earning $6500 a day as 62 __________ model in New Y ork. Sarah 63 __________ (tell) that she could be Britain?s new supermodel earning a million dollars in the new year. Her father Peter 44,wants her to give up school to model fulltime But Sarah, 64 _______ has taken part in shows along with top models wants 65_________ (prove) that she has brains as well as beauty. She is determined to carry on with her 66_________ (educate). She has turned down several 67_______ (invitation) to star at shows in order to concentrate on her studies After school she plans to take a year off to model full time before going to university to get a degree 68___________ engineering or architecture. Sarah says, "My dad thinks I should take the offer now. But at the moment, school 69 ___________ (come) first. I don't want to get too absorbed in modeling. It is 70 _________ (certain) fun but the lifestyle is a little unreal. I don't want to have nothing else to fall back on when I can't model my more." 4. (2016全国Ⅰ)阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
第三章正确使用词语（实词、虚词） 新田一中高三语文备课组 【考纲内容】正确使用词语,能力层级：D级（表达运用） 高考语文试题词语部分，往往实词、虚词、成语各设一道题，足见词语这个知识点在能力型试卷中的重要性。考查形式多是在动态的语境中考查词语(包括成语)的使用。从考试能力层级上讲，正确使用词语属于“表达运用”，要求较高。实词的考查重点是辨析和使用近义词。高考考查的近义实词主要有两种类型：一种是同音近义词。如“熟悉”和“熟习”，“审定”和“审订”等。另一种是双音近义词，如“妨碍”和“妨害”，“干涉”和“干预”等。从近五年高考命题趋向看，近义词的辨析和使用是一个着重点。有些近义词之间的差别相当细微，这就需要具备相应的辨析能力。考查的近义词大多以动词为主，也有名词性近义词，如“发源地”与“发祥地”的区别。 【课时安排】 6课时（包括《优化方案》和《课时作业本》上相关内容的讲解） 一、考点分布 （1）近义实词辨析。主要包括名词、动词、形容词、数词、量词和代词六类。 （2）近义虚词辨析。主要包括副词、介词、连词、助词几类。 二、考点分析 1．正确使用实词 一般来说，考生在词语使用题上出现的失误原因有以下四个方面： ①不能全面准确地理解词语的内涵。高考侧重考查的词语一般是那些似曾相识，但又常常用错的词语，如果只凭对该词语的感性认识，不在具体的语言环境中仔细揣摩与辨析其意义和用法，就难免牵强附会，失之偏颇。 ②不能正确理解词语的外延。汉语的词语多义性强，色彩丰富，同一个词语，使用的场合或对象不同，其表达效果就会迥异。如果不能仔细审查词语的使用对象、色彩、程度以及语法功能等，就容易把词语用错。 ③词汇贫乏，只凭语感答题。有些考生平时重理轻文，懒于读书，或者即使读书，也是心不在焉，不注重丰富词汇，充实词语仓库，其结果，在解答主观题时，心里想到了，就是没有恰当的词语来表达；在做词语使用题时，无章可循，只能“跟着感觉走”。 ④临场习惯不好，心态不佳。有些考生平日小考时词语使用题做得较好，但是一到正规考试就丢分太多。其主要原因在于基础知识掌握得不扎实，缺乏主见，顾虑重重。 正确使用实词主要考查近义词的辨析，主要从以下三个方面入手。 ⑴意义 ①词义范围不同。如“财富”和“财产”；“边疆”和“边境”。②词义轻重不同。如“毁坏”和“损坏”；“竭力”和“努力”。③词义重点不同。如“精巧”和“精美”；“诡辩”和“狡辩”。
2016年高考英语改错题汇总 (2016 1卷)My uncle is the owner of a restaurant close to _____ 1 live. ________not very big , the restaurant is popular in our area. It is always ________(crowd) with customers at meal times. Some people even have to wait outside. My uncle _______(tell) me that the key _____ his success is honesty. Every day he makes sure that fresh ________(vegetable) and high quality oil are used for _______(cook). My uncle says that he ________ dreams of becoming rich in a short period of time. Instead, he hopes that _____ business will grow _______(steady). (2016 2卷)The summer holiday is ________(come). My classmates and I are talking about ______ to do during the holiday. We can choose between staying at home and ______(take) a trip. _____ we stay at home, it is comfortable _______ there is no need to spend money. _______ in that case, we will learn little about the world. If we go on a trip abroad, we can ________(broad) our view and gain knowledge we cannot get from ________(book). Some classmates suggest we go to ________(place) of interest nearby. I think that it is a good idea. It ___________ cost much, yet we can still learn a lot. (2016 3卷)The teenage years from 13 to 19 _______(be) the most difficult time for me. They were also the best and worst years in my life. At first, I _________(think) I knew everything and could make decisions ________ myself. ___________, my parents didn’t seem to think _______. They always told me what to do and ___________ to do it. At one time , I even felt my parents couldn’t understand me so I hoped I could be free from them. I showed them I was ____________(independence) by wearing strange _________(cloth). Now I am ___________(leave) home for college. At last, I will be on _______(I) own, but I still want to have my parents to turn to whenever I need help. （2016四川） It is Mother’s Day today.Though it’s a ________(west) festival, it’s popular in China now. Mom has a full-time job, _______ she has to do most of the housework. She is a great mother._______ Dad and I planned to do something ______ Mother’s Day.We ________(get) up early in the morning.Dad cleaned the house,_______ then went shopping.________ he came back,I found a bunch of flowers in his hand.I asked Mom to stay in the sitting room and I cooked in the kitchen.The dishes I cooked ______(be) Mom’s fa vorite. At dinner,we said to her,“Happy _________(mother) Day！”Mom was grateful and__________( move). （2016浙江） When I was a very young child, my father _______(creat) a regular practice I remember _______(good) years later. _________ time he arrived home at the end of the day ,we’d greet h im at the door. He would ask _____ we were and pretend not to know us, Then he and my mother would have a drink ________ she prepared dinner and they would talk about his day and _______(her). While they ________(chat), my father would lift my sister and me up to sit ______ the top of the fridge. It was both exciting and __________(frighten) to be up there！ My sister and I thought he was so cool for_______ (put) us there. 2016年高考英语改错题汇总及答案 (2016 1卷)My uncle is the owner of a restaurant close to that 1 live. Though not very big ,but the restaurant is popular in our area. It is always crowded with customers at meal times. Some people even had to wait outside. My uncle tells me that the key to his success is honest. Every day he makes sure that fresh vegetables or high quality oil are using for cooking. My uncle says that he never dreams becoming rich in the short period of time. Instead, he hopes that our business will grow steady.
A （2018全国一卷） According to a review of evidence in a medical journal, runners live three years 61 (long) than non-runners. You don't have to run fast or for long 62 (see)the benefit. You may drink, smoke,be overweight and still reduce your risk of 63 (die) early by running.While running regatesalstly cann't make you live forever, the review says it 64 (be) more effective at lengthening life 65 walking, cycling or swimming. Two of the authors of the review also made a study published in 2014 66 showed a mere five to 10 minutes A day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all 67 (cause). The best exercise is one that you enjoy and wi ll do. But otherwise… it's probably running. To avoid knee pain,you can run on soft surfaces,do exercises to 68 (strength)your leg muscles(肌肉),avoid hills and get good running shoes. Running is cheap,easy and it's always 69 (energy).If you are time poor, you need run for only half the time to get the same benefits as other sports, so perhaps we should all give 70 a try. B （2018全国二卷） Diets have changed in China — and so too has its top crop. Since 2011,the country 61 （grow）more corn than rice. Corn production has jumped nearly 125 percent over 62 past 25 years, while rice has increased only 7 percent. A taste for meat is 63 (actual) behind the change: An important part of its corn is used to feed chickens, pigs, and cattle. Another reason for corn's rise: The government encourages farmers to grow corn instead of rice 64 (improve) water quality. Corn uses less water 65 rice and creates less fertilizer(化肥) runoff. This switch has decreased 66 (pollute) in the country's major lakes and reservoirs and made drinking water safer for people. According to the World Bank, China accounts for about 30 percent of total 67 (globe)fertilizer consumption. The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that between 2005—when the government 68 (start) a soil-testing program 69 gives specific fertilizer recommendations to farmers - and 2011, fertilizer use dropped by 7.7 million tons. That prevented the emission(排放) of 51.8 million tons of carbon dioxide. China's approach to protecting its environment while 70 (feed) its citizens "offers useful lessons for agriculture and food policymakers worldwide." says the bank's Juergen Voegele. C （2018全国三卷） I'm not sure 61 is more frightened, me or the female gorilla(大猩猩) that suddenly appears out of nowhere. I'm walking on a path in the forest in the Central African Republic. Unexpectedly, I'm face-to-face with the gorilla, who begins screaming at 62 top of her lungs. That makes her baby scream, and then a 400-pound male appears. He screams the 63 (loud) of all. The noise shakes the trees as the male beats his chest and charges toward me. I quickly lower myself, ducking my head to avoid 64 (look) directly into his eyes so he doesn't feel 65 (challenge).
近5年高考英语语法填空│真题精选10篇 2016-04-12 文章的材料是一篇200词左右的短文或对话。难度适中，符合高中中等学生的阅读水平。有10个试题数，分值15分。从考查内容来看，试题分为给提示 词和不给提示词两种。 给出提示词的包括：词形的转换(名词与动词的转换，形容词与副词的转换)，形 容词比较级与最高级的变化，名词单复数的变化，动词的时态、语态及词形的变化等； 不给出提示词的包括：根据上下文的语境填入冠词、连词、代词、副词或名词等。另外，给出的提示词较多(4～7个)，考查词形变化的考点偏多。未给出提示词的空处有填实词的考点，每空只填写一个词，挖空一般比较均匀。Passage 1(2015?新课标全国Ⅰ)
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。Yangshuo，China It was raining lightly when I __1__ (arrive) in Yangshuo just before dawn.But I didn't care.A few hours __2__，I'd been at home in Hong Kong，with __3__ (it) choking smog.Here，the air was clean and fresh，even with the rain. I'd skipped nearby Guilin，a dream place for tourists seeking the limestone mountain tops and dark waters of the Li River __4__ are pictured by artists in so many Chinese __5__ (painting).Instead，I'd headed straight for Yangshuo.For those who fly to Guilin，it's only an hour away __6__ car and offers all the scenery of the better－known city. Yangshuo __7__ (be) really beautiful.A study of travelers __8__ (conduct) by the website TripAdvisor names Yangshuo as one of the top 10 destinations in the world.And the town is fast becoming a popular weekend destination for people in Asia.Abercrombie & Kent，a travel company in Hong Kong，says it __9__ (regular) arranges quick getaways here for people __10__ (live) in Shanghai and Hong Kong. 【语篇导读】 桂林山水甲天下，阳朔风光甲桂林。作者讲述了从香港去阳朔旅游时的所见。 1.解析：考查动词的时态。主句谓语动词使用了过去进行时，根据语境此处要用一般过去时态。
“正确使用词语”考点复习设计 【考点分析】 对本考点的测试，近些年有逐渐加重的趋势。2000年全国试题中词语使用就占到3题9分(虚词、实词、成语各一题，每题3分)。2001年京皖春季试题继续保持这个格局。2001年夏季全国试题减少虚词1题。 正确使用词语，主要是指要正确理解和使用好近义词。近义词语的正确选用自1994年开始年年考，已从考近义成语的选用扩展到考一般近义词语的选用，从考近义实词的选用到考近义虚词的选用。要做到正确使用词语，必须了解词义、词性、词的色彩、词义的轻重、词义的范围、用法的差别、语体的差别、短语的结构、意义等基础知识。需具备以下能力：①能根据语境辨析多义词的音义。②能根据语境，恰当地使用同义词、近义词和反义词。③能根据语境，准确理解词语的特定意义和临时意义。④能正确运用虚词，特别是“关联词语”。要做到这些，准确把握词义是关键。这就要求考生能够准确辨析近义词之间的细微差别。一般说近义词在意义和用法上都是"同中有异"或"大同小异"的。要辨析近义词，必须结合实际语境，根据词语的具体功能，做到"求同"、"辨异"，也就是找出近义词的"共性"和"个性"来，才能使意思表达得更确切、更细致、更生动，增强语言的灵活性和精密性。 近年来词语考查经历以下题型的变化：1．同义词的辨析与选用，
如1995年高考试题。这种题型是最常见的，从1995年～2001年都采用这种题型，每年设置一道题，每道题包含三对近义词。往往采用间接选择题的形式。2．容易误解误用的词语，如1994年高考试题。这类试题也不多见，从1995年以后再未采用过。考容易误解误用词语，多采用直接选择题的方式。3．易混易误虚词的比较和把握。(1)易混虚词的比较选择，如1996年高考试题。(2)易误虚词的选择，如1999～2000年高考试题。易混虚词的考查，往往采用间接选择题的形式，从1992年至2000年9年间，只有1996年采用过一次。易误虚词的考查往往采用直接选择题的形式，1997年、1999年来用了这种题型。4．关联词语的选择、搭配，如1998年高考题。这是常见的考查内容和考查方式，直接选择题型，1992年、1993年、1998年高考采用了这种形式。 【样题分析】 1.下列各句中加点的词语使用恰当的一句是(A)（2000年京皖春季第2题） A．他遇事不够冷静，甚至流于意气用事，使他的看法不能被对方接受，而这些看法本来可能是正确的。 B．消费者一旦被认定受到经营者的精神损害，经营者将支付至少五万元以上的精神赔偿。 C．其实，细究起来，“华夏汉民族文化”这一概念，本身就有一个动态发展的过程，而并非是一个封闭的稳定的范畴。