高一英语2018----2019年上学期期末考试英语试卷
一、阅读理解
1. 阅读理解
Zhang Heng, a native of Nanyang in central China’s Henan Province, was a mathematician, astronomer and geographer of the Eastern Han Dynasty.
Zhang’s greatest contributions were in the field of astron omy. In 123 he corrected the calendar to bring it into line with the seasons. In 132 he invented the first seism scope. It was in the shape of a cylinder with eight dragon heads around the top, each with a ball in its mouth. Around the bottom were eight fr ogs, each directly under a dragon’s head. When an earthquake occurred, ball fell out of a dragon’s mouth into a frog’s mouth, making a noise.
Zhang Heng was a supporter of the Hun, the ancient theory, which stated that the earth is inside an egg. He wrote, “The sky is like a hen’s egg and the Earth is like the yolk of the egg, lying alone at the center. The sky is large and the Earth is small. ”
He also drew a detailed map of the heaven. His chart showed 124 constellations consisting of a total of 2, 500 stars, 320 of which were bright stars with names. “This is not including those observed by sailors, ” he wrote, “Of the small stars, there are eleven thousand five hundred and twenty. ”
However, Zhang Heng was not satisfied with his paper map of the sky. When his charts were completed, he hired craftsmen to build what may have been the world’s oldest three-dimensional models of the heaven. The first globes were made out of bamboo strips, but eventually he had a globe made out of bronze, which was almost five meters in circumference. This in itself would have been a remarkable accomplishment.
But Zhang Heng took it one step further. He used the power of water to make his globe complete one rotation every year, showing how the positions of the stars changed from one season to the next.
（1）What is seism scope in Paragraph 2?
A . An art work which was very beautiful.
B . A device for measuring earthquake.
C . A toy for kids with some animals on it.
D . A musical instrument which can make a noise.
（2）What does the underlined word “which” in Paragraph 4 refer to?
A . The detailed map of the heaven.
B . 124 constellations.
C . The heaven.
D . 2, 500 stars.
（3）What’s the best title of this passage?
A . A Great Astronomer
B . The First Seismoscope
C . Zhang Heng
D . Zhang Heng and All His Inventions
2. 阅读理解
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。
If the crust of the earth were not pretty solid , it would be shaking about and moving up and down frequently. However, there are places in the rocks of the earth’s crust where it isn’t strongly held together—where faults exist. Along the faults, one rock might push against another with great force. The energy is changed to vibration in the rocks, so they begin to shake and we have an earthquake!
The most famous one in North America was the San Francisco earthquake of 1906. Seven hundred people died and property damage amounted to about $425,000,000.The greatest destruction came from the fires that followed the quake.
One of the most famous earthquakes in Europe took place in Lisbon, Portugal, in 1755. The city was destroyed and at least thirty thousand people were killed. In 1908, in Calabria and Sicily, a quake killed about seventy-five thousand people. In 1915, in central Italy, hundreds of towns and villages were damaged and thirty thousand people were killed.
Two great earthquakes that caused great damage in Asia took place in Tokyo, Japan, and in Gansu Province in China. The Tokyo quake of 1923 killed more than one hundred thousand people and destroyed the city and the city of Yokohama, too. The Chinese quake in 1920 covered more than three
hundred square miles and killed about two hundred thousand people.
（1）The first paragraph mainly tells us ________.
A . where earthquakes happen
B . how earthquakes happen
C . the damage caused by earthquakes
D . famous earthquakes in the world
（2）The underlined word “vibration” in the first paragraph probably means “_______”.
A . shaking
B . force
C . energy
D . losing
（3）Which of the following earthquakes killed the most people?
A . The San Francisco earthquake.
B . The earthquake in Lisbon, Portugal.
C . The earthquake in Calabria and Sicily.
D . The earthquake in central Italy.
（4）According to the passage, we can learn that ________.
A . the earth’s crust in Europe is weaker than that in oth er places
B . there were 75,000 people killed in the San Francisco earthquake
C . the city of Yokohama was not greatly influenced by the Tokyo quake
D . the fires following the San Francisco earthquake caused more damage than the earthquake did
3. 阅读理解
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。
There are many useful suggestions that can help one to improve English. Here are some of them to increase one’s English language vocabulary.
Learning English vocabulary is about much more than just learning the right words. It is based on understanding important words and expressions.
Learning a word will not help very much if you quickly forget it. Researches show that it takes from 10 to 20 repetitions to really make a word
part of your vocabulary. Since most words are learned from how they are used in context , the more words one is shown, the better vocabulary one will have. Keep a piece of paper close to you. When you read, pay close attention to the word you do not know, write the word down and try to understand its meaning from the context. Then look up the word in a dictionary.
Remember that if you do not use English words that you have just learned in conversation or writing, you will forget them very quickly. So the best way to learn new words effectively is just by trying to use them in conversation and writing. Remember also that practice is the key to fluent spoken English.
Building vocabulary is a life-long task. Remember: ＂In the beginning was the word.＂Your future could depend on how rich your vocabulary is. It will also determine the quality of your communication.
（1）We can learn from the passage that learning English vocabulary _________.
A . is just about learning the right words
B . is about remembering more and more words
C . doesn’t require one to learn expressions
D . requires one to understand important expressions
（2）Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?
A . To master a word, you need to repeat it 10-20 times.
B . If you remember a word, you are still able to forget it if you don’t use it.
C . It doesn’t take long to build one’s vocabulary.
D . Practice is very important in fluent spoken English.
（3）The best way to learn new words is _________.
A . trying to use them while speaking and writing
B . writing them down over and over again
C . always looking them up in the dictionary
D . reading them loudly over and over again
（4）What is the passage mainly about?
A . How to enrich your English vocabulary.
B . How to have a good conversation in English .
C . Why context is important in learning English.
D . How to improve the quality of communication.
4. 阅读理解
The Winter Olympics are also called The White Olympics. At this time, many colorful stamps are published to mark the great Games. The first stamps marking the opening came out on January 25th,1932 in the United States for the 3rd White Olympics. From then on, publishing stamps during the White Olympics became a rule. During the 4th Winter Olympics, a group of stamps were published in Germany in November 1936. The five rings of Olympics were drawn on the front of sportswear. It was the first time that the rings appeared on the stamps of the White Olympics.
In the 1950’s, stamps of this kind became more colorful. When the White Olympics came, the host countries as well as the non-hostcountries published stamps to mark those Games. China also published four stamps in February 1980, when the Chinese sportsmen began to take part in the White Olympics.
Japan is the only Asian country that has ever held the White Olympics.
Altogether 14,500 million stamps were sold to raise money for this sports meeting.
Different kinds of sports were drawn on these small stamps. People can enjoy the beauty of the wonderful movements of some sportsmen.
（1）The world made it a rule to publish stamps to mark the great world Games ______.
A . after the year 1936
B . after the 3rd White Olympics
C . before the 3rd White Olympics
D . before the year 1932
（2）The Winter Olympics is held once ______.
A . every two years
B . every three years
C . every four years
D . every five years
（3）Which of the following is TRUE?
A . Only the host countries can publish stamps to mark those Games.
B . Only the non-host countries can publish stamps to mark those Games.
C . All the countries can publish stamps to mark those Games.
D . Japan can’t publish stamps to mark those Games.
（4）What may appear on the stamps of the White Olympics?
A . Basketball.
B . Table tennis.
C . Football.
D . Skating.
5. 根据短文内容, 从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Study abroad
Every year, thousands of students choose to study abroad for the summer, six months, a year or longer. Here are some things you need to know before
you make such a decision.
Why do it?
Living in another country will help you learn about the culture of another land. You will see the world in a new way. ________Many companies today want employees who speak a second language or who have experienced living or working in another country.
Making the right choice.
To choose the right country or school, ask yourself these questions: ________Do I want to live with a host family , with roommates, or alone? How much do I want to pay?
________
Get your passport and visa early! Before you go, learn as much of the language as you can, and read about the customs of your host country. Also, talk with people who have experienced studying abroad. Call the school to make sure someone can meet you when you get there.
Once you are there.
After the first few weeks it’s usual to feel a little homesick. ________Just be open to meeting new people and having new experiences. Remember that it takes time to get used to a new place with new customs. Talk to your new friends and write about your feelings. ________
A. Getting ready to go.
B. Improving your language skills.
C. You’ll miss your family and friends.
D. How long do I want to study abroad?
E. Make a phone call to the “study abroad” office.
F. Always keep an open mind and you will succeed.
G. Studying abroad is also excellent training for the working world.
二、完形填空
6. 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。
We find different kinds of animals in the world. Some animals, such as tigers and lions, live in big forests and they are called 1animals. Some others like sheep and dogs are2by men and they are called domestic animals . These animals are very different from one another, but we can 3them into big groups: those that eat other animals and those that eat grass and leaves. Animals like the4belong to the first group.
Animals are 5great use to human beings. Men6wild animals for their 7and meat. Domestic animals are 8more important to men. Without them, life will be 9People make use of animals in many 10.
Cows and pigs are useful to men’s 11. They give 80% of the12men eat every year. Skin of some animals can be 13into expensive overcoats and shoes, which are warm and comfortable and 14a long time. They are very welcome in15countries.
Wool, which is now one of the most important materials for textile 16comes from some certain17From cows, we get milk. And we shouldn’t 18that some domestic animals are kept for transport. Many people 19ride horses. Arabs ride on camels that travel in deserts for days without drinking. In
some places animals are still used to plough the field. It is20that men just can’t live without thes e animals.
（1）A . wildB . seriousC . terribleD . fighting（2）A . trappedB . helpedC . soldD . kept（3）A . separateB . divideC . turnD . change（4）A . chickenB . tigerC . cowD . goat（5）A . withB . toC . forD . of（6）A . huntB . discoverC . raiseD . compete（7）A . woolB . hairC . furD . teeth（8）A . quiteB . veryC . evenD . some （9）A . smoothB . difficultC . easyD . perfect（10）A . waysB . groupsC . placesD . kinds（11）A . lifeB . workC . familyD . food（12）A . mealB . meatC . dinnerD . animal（13）A . putB . turnedC . madeD . changed（14）A . lastB . costC . takeD . dress（15）A . coolB . coldC . warmD . foreign（16）A . companyB . workerC . industryD . factory（17）A . sheepB . goatsC . cowsD . animals（18）A . forgetB . rememberC . realizeD . notice（19）A . alwaysB . hardlyC . stillD . just（20）A . powerfulB . secureC . clearD . total7. 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容或括号内单词的正确形式。
How time flies! I will be a senior high school student this term. I am very excited and nervous. I feel excited because I ________ more knowledge from my new teachers. ________, I can learn more about English, math, physics, chemistry and biology. I think they are ________. I can meet many new ________ in senior high school as well. I think they,________ new friends, will be friendly and kind-hearted. I believe I will get along well ________all of my new classmates. As ________saying goes, “A friend is ________ to be lost than found.” If you want to make friends with others, you should treat them true-heartedly. It is really hard,________I will try.
I feel nervous because I heard that it is difficult________ in senior high school. I think I will meet many problems. But it’s nothing serious, because I know if I work hard, I will be successful at last.
三、改错题
8. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文, 请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误, 每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加: 在缺词处加一个漏字符号, 并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除: 把多余的词用斜线划掉。
修改: 在错的词下划一横线, 并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意: ⒈每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;
⒉只允许修改10处, 多者不计分。
I am grateful to my English teacher Susan, at whose help I couldn’t have won first prize in the English Talent Competition for high school student last week.
I used to be poorly in spoken English. I was too shy to speak in class. Since she teaches us last term, she has been encouraging him to overcome fear and speak out in class. Thanks to her, I have made great progresses. Besides, I practiced several times in the front of her. It was her advice which made me a better speaker and full of confidence. But I owe my success to her.
Susan set a good example to me. I am determined to become an English teacher when I grow up.
四、写作题
9. 书面表达
假定你是李华，准备参加学校举办主题为“How to protect ourselves in the school?”的英语征文比赛。请按要求写一篇短文，主要内容包括：在学校发生地震或火灾时，我们该如何保护自己？
1）只选其中一种突发灾害阐述自己的观点；
2）要求至少写出三点措施；
3）可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯
注意：
1）词数100左右；
2）开头已为你写好，不计入总词数。
Life is not easy. As a student, we should learn how to protect ourselves in the school.
When……