当前位置:文档之家› (完整)初中英语句子成分及五种基本句型讲解与练习

(完整)初中英语句子成分及五种基本句型讲解与练习

(完整)初中英语句子成分及五种基本句型讲解与练习
(完整)初中英语句子成分及五种基本句型讲解与练习

句子成分&五种基本句型

一、考点、热点回顾

I.【句子的成分】

在英文中句子成分包括:主语、谓语、宾语(直接宾语、间接宾语)、表语、定语和状语、宾语补足语等。

(一)主语:主语是谓语讲述的对象,表示所说的“是什么”或“是谁”。一般由名词、代词、不定式或相当于名词的词或短语来充当。它在句首。如:

(1)Lucy is a beautiful nurse. (名词作主语)

(2)He reads newspapers every day. (代词作主语)

(3)Smoking is harmful to the health. (动名词作主语)

(4)To swim in Kunming Lake is a great pleasure.(不定式作主语)

(5)What we should do is not yet decided. (主语从句作主语)

(二)谓语

说明主语“做什么”“是什么”或“怎么样”。谓语

谓语和主语在人称和数两方面必须一致。它在主语后面。

如:His parents are teachers. (系动词作谓语)

We study hard. (行为动词作谓语)

We don’t finish reading the book. (助动词和行为动词一起作谓语)

He can speak English. (情态动词和行为动词一起作谓语)

(三)宾语

宾语是动作、行为的对象,由名词、代词、不定式或相当于名词的词、短语来担任,它和及物动词一起说明主语做什么。一般放在谓语之后。

She is doing her homework now.(名词作宾语)

She says(that)she is ill.(宾语从句作动词宾语)

We often help him.(代词作宾语)

He likes to play basketball.(不定式作宾语)

We enjoy listening to the music. 我们喜欢听音乐。(动名词短语作宾语)

说明1:宾语是及物动词涉及到的人或物,宾语一般放在及物动词之后。介词后面的名词或代词或动名词,称为介词宾语。名词、代词、数词常在句中做动词宾语或介词宾语。另外,动词不定式可作动词宾语;动名词和宾语从句也可用作动词宾语。

说明2:及物动词作谓语时,后面要跟宾语。宾语分直接宾语和间接宾语。直接宾语

,间接宾语通常是及物动词的动作所及的人,间接。间接宾语一般放在直接宾语之前。

如:give, show(给……看),bring, pass, buy等。如:(1)Our teacher tells us a story.

(2)The sun gives us light.

give, show, send, bring, read, pass, lend, leave, hand, tell, return, write, throw, promise(答应), refuse(拒绝)等。

★间接宾语加“for”的有:

make, buy, do, get, play, order(命令), sing, pay等

(1)I give him a book. 改成:

(2)He passes me the book.(他将书递给我。)改成:

(3)He writes me a letter. 改成:

(4)He will buy me some books. 改成:

(5)She is making me a cake. 改成:

(四)宾语补足语

在宾语后面补充说明宾语的动作、状态、特征的成分,称为宾语补足语。名词、形容词、副词、介词短语以及动词不定式、分词等可用作宾语补足语。宾语和宾语补足语称为复合宾语。

如:They make her happy.(形容词)

I see her dance.(省to的不定式)

We’ll help you to make the Olympics a success.(名词)

Please let him in.(副词)

We heard her singing a song.(分词短语)

(五)表语

表语说明主语“是什么”或者“怎么样”,由名词、形容词、副词、介词、不定式及名词或形容词短语来担任。它的位置在系动词后面。

如:I am a teacher.(名词)

He is always happy.(形容词)

They are on the playground now.(介词短语)

It gets cold.(形容词)

Be动词(am,is,are, was, were)

系动词表保持(keep, stay, remain)

表改变(get,become,turn)

感官动词(feel,sound(听起来),seem/look(看起来),taste(尝起来),smell(闻起来))

如:It sounds interesting.(sound为系动词,interesting为表语)

We should all remain careful. (Remain为系动词,careful为表语)

(六)定语

定语是用来修饰名词或代词的。形容词、代词、数词、名词、介词短语、不等式或相当于形容词的词或短语等。

单个词作定语时,通常放在它所修饰的名词之前。

如:The black bike is mine.(形容词)

What’s your name?(代词)

(名词)

说明1:nothing, anything, everything, something等时,定语在不定代词后面。(形容词interesting作不定代词something的后置定语)

(to do为不定式作后置定语)

说明2作定语时,也放在被修饰的名词之后。

如:The boys in the room are in Class Four. (in the room是介词短语作the boys

的后置定语。)

(七)状语

修饰动词、形容词、副词。一般表示行为发生的时间、地点、目的、方式、程度等意义,一般由副词、介词短语、不定式或相当于副词的词或短语来表示。状语一般放在句末,但有的可以放在句首、句中。

如:He did it carefully.(副词)

We often help him.(副词)

Her mother goes out to do some shopping on Sunday.(介词短语)

When I grow up, I am going to be a teacher.(从句作时间状语)

He sits there.(副词地点状语)

II. 【五种基本句型】

A. 主语+不及物动词(主谓)

如:The sun rises. 太阳升起来。

The car stopped. 小汽车停下来了。

rise和stop都是不及物动词,因此后边不必加宾语。

B. 主语+及物动词+宾语(主谓宾)

如:I love my country.

He helps me.

I like action movies.

I buy a book.

C. 主语+系动词+表语(主系表)

如:Her brother is a driver.

We feel happy.(feel为系动词,表示感到……)

It gets dark.天黑了。(get为系动词,表示变得)

Tom looks ill. Tom看上去病了。(look为系动词,表示看上去,看起来)

D. 主语+及物动词+双宾语(直接宾语、间接宾语)(主谓+直宾+间宾)

如:He gives Tom a present.(双宾语)他给汤姆一件礼物。

Mother make a new dress for me.(双宾语)妈妈为我做了一件衣服。

E. 主语+及物动词+宾语+宾语补足语(主+谓+宾+宾补)

如:They call her Mary.(宾补)他们叫她Mary。

We make our classroom clean and tidy.(宾补)我们使我们的教室干净而整齐。

He always makes us laugh.(宾补)他总使我们笑。

二、典型例题

写出划线部分的句子成分。

1. Lily is cleaning the desk now.

2. Her garden is the best in our town.

3. Liu Ming is thirteen years old.

4. I like this book very much.

5. The girl on the blue bike is Jane’s sister.

6. She didn’t come to my party because she was ill.

7. Wang Ping does his homework carefully.

8. We will go to the Children’s Palace once a week.

9. They are in the classroom.

10. It sounds good.

11. His name is Paul.

12. We always go to school early.

三、课后练习

(一) 挑出下列句中的宾语

① My brother doesn't do his homework.

A B C D

② People all over the world speak English.

A B C D

③You must pay good attention to your pronunciation.

A B C D

④How many new words do you learn ?

A B C D

⑤Some students in the school want to go swimming, how about you?

A B C D

(二) 挑出下列句中的表语

① The old man is feeling very tired.

A B C D

②Why is he worried about Jim?

A B C D

③ The leaves have turned yellow.

A B C D

④Soon They all become interested in the subject.

A B C D

⑤She is the first to learn about it.

A B C D

(三) 挑出下列句中的定语

① They use Mr. Mrs. with the family name.

A B C D

② What is your given name?

A B C D

③On the third lap are Class 1 and Class 3.

A B C D

④I am afraid some people forgot to sweep the floor.

A B C D

⑤ The man downstairs was trying to sleep.

A B C D

(四) 挑出下列句中的宾语补足语

①She likes the children to read newspapers & books in the reading-room.

A B C D

②He asks her to take the boy out of school.

A B C D

③She find it difficult to do the work.

A B C D

④They call me Lily sometimes.

A B C D

⑤ I saw Mr. Wang get on the bus.

A B C D

(五) 挑出下列句中的状语

① There is a big smile on her face.

A B C D

② Every night he heard the noise upstairs.

A B C D

③He began to learn English when he was eleven.

A B C D

④ The man on the motorbike is travelling to fast.

A B C D

⑤ With the medicine box under her arm, Miss Li hurried off.

A B C D

(六) 划出句中的直接宾语( )和间接宾语()

①Please tell us a story.

②My father bought a new bike for me last week.

③Mr. Li is going to teach us history next term.

④Here is a pen. Give it to Tom.

⑤Does he leave any message for me?

(七)写出下列句子的结构

1. They work hard. ______________

2. The flowers are dead. ____________

3. Plants need water. ______________

4. He gave me some seeds. ___________

5. We should keep the plant in the shade. ____________

6. Many animals live in trees. _________

7. The cake tastes delicious. __________

8. Class begins at eight every day. _____

初中英语五种基本句型结构

初中---五种基本句型 中考对五种基本句型的考查主要集中在以下几方面: 1. 掌握五种基本句型的基本用法。 2. 掌握五种基本句型在用法上的区别。 中考考查这部分内容时的题型和大体分值为: 单选(1分) 写句子(1分) 写作(1-2分) 阅读理解(1-2分) 一、知识精讲 五种基本句型是句子最基本的组成部分。掌握了这五种基本句型,在阅读中当我们遇到较复杂的句子时,运用这些基本句型,对句子的分析就会变得容易多了。在写作中,首先要能运用好这些基本句型,才能得到高分。 (一)五种基本句型的句子成分: 1. 句子成分的定义:构成句子的各个部分叫做句子成分。句子成分包括主要成分和次要成分;主要成分有主语和谓语;次要成分有表语、宾语、定语、状语、补足语等。 2. 主语(subject):主语是一个句子所叙述的主体,一般位于句首。主语可由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、名词化的形容词和主语从句等表示。 【例句】 We often speak English in class. 我们在课上经常说英语。 Smoking does harm to the health. 吸烟对健康有害。 The rich should help the poor. 富有的人应该帮助贫困的人。 3. 谓语(verb):谓语可用来说明主语所做的动作或具有的特征和状态。动词常在句中作谓语,一般放在主语之后。分及物动词和不及物动词两种。 【例句】 He practices running every morning. 他每天早晨练习跑步。 I have caught a bad cold. 我得了重感冒。 We like helping the people in trouble 我们喜欢帮助那些处于困境中的人。

十大词性 句子成分及基本句型讲解及练习(附答案)..

十大词性、句子成分分析、五大基本句型及句子类型讲解与练习 一、新课导入 个体名词 集体名词 普通名词 物质名词 1.名词 抽象名词 专有名词 功能:表示人或事物的名称 人称代词: 主格 宾格 (注意it 的用法) 物主代词: 形容词性物主代词 名词性物主代词 指示代词:this, that, these, those 单数:myself`, yourself, himself, herself, itself, oneself 反身代词: 复数:ourselves, yourselves, themselves 2.代词 疑问代词:who, whom, whose, what, which. 简单不定代词:One/ones, Either/neither, both/all, each/ every another, other, the other, others, the others 复合不定代词: somebody, anybody, nobody 不定代词 someone, anyone, no one something, anything, nothing everybody, everyone, everything 功能:用来代替名词、形容词或数词等 3.数词: 基数词 序数词 功能:表数量或顺序 4.冠词: 定冠词 不定冠词 零冠词 //功能:用在名词前,帮助说明名词所指的人或事物 表地点:at/ in/ on/ to, above/ over/ on, below/ under/ underneath …. 表时间: in/ on/ at, in/ after, from/since from, after/ behind, 5.介词: 表运动: across/ through/ over/ pass … 表方位:…. 其他 功能:用在名词、代词等前面,说明句子中词与词之间的关系 可数名词 不可数名词

英语句子成分及基本句型全面归纳

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句子的成分和基本句型

句子的成分和基本句型 句子的成分和基本句型 句子成分: 组成句子的各个部分叫作句子成分。英语的句子成分和中文的句子成分大致相同,可分为:主语,谓语,宾语,表语,定语,状语,宾语补语。 一、主语——表明句子里所谈的是:“什么人”或“什么物”,主语常用名词、代词或相当于名词的词或短语充当。例如: Lily likes her new bike.(名词) 莉莉喜欢她的新自行车。 He gets up early every day.(代词) 他每天都起得很早。 To learn English well is not easy.(不定式短语)学好英语不容易。 二、谓语——说明主语“做什么”、“是什么”或“怎么样”,英语中谓语只能用动词充当。例如: We work hard.我们努力工作。 The boy caught a bird. 那个男孩逮住一只鸟。 He is my father. 他是我父亲。 They all look fine. 他们都很好。 谓语和主语在人称和数方面必须保持一致。例如: I am reading. You are reading. He\She is reading. We are reading. 三、宾语——宾语是动作行为的对象。由名词、代词或相当于名

词或代词的词或短语充当,和及物动词一起构成谓语,说明主语“做什么”。例如: Tom bought a story-book.(名词)汤姆买了一本故事书。 I saw him yesterday. (代词)昨天我看到他了。 He wanted to have a cup of tea. (不定式短语)他想要一杯茶。 直接宾语和间接宾语——有些及物动词可以有两个宾语,一个指人,一个指物,指人的叫作间接宾语,指物的叫直接宾语。合称双宾。例如: He gave me some ink . 他给了我一些墨水。 间接宾语直接宾语 Our teacher told us an interesting story. 老师给我妈讲了一个有趣的故事。 间接宾语直接宾语 四、表语——说明主语“是什么”或“怎么样”,与连系动词一起构成谓语,表语由名词、形容词、或相当于名词或形容词的词或短语等充当。例如: My sister is a nurse.(名词)我的姐姐是一名护士。 They were at home.(介词短语)他们在家里。 She got angry. (形容词)她生气了。 Her grandfather is over eighty years old.(数词)她的祖父八十多岁了。 五、定语——定语是修饰名词或代词的,可以作定语的除形容词

中考英语-简单句的五种基本句型讲解及练习题word版本

中考英语-简单句的五种基本句型讲解及练 习题

简单句的五种基本句型讲解及练习题 一、句子成份 英语句子成分有主语,谓语,宾语,宾语补足语,表语,定语,状语等。 顺序一般是主语,谓语,宾语,宾语补足语,而表语,定语,状语的位置要根据情况而定。 1、主语:表示句子主要说明的人或事物,一般位于句首。但在there be结构、疑问句(当主语不疑问词时)和倒装句中,主语位于谓语、助动词或情态动词后面。主语可由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、名词化的形容词和主语从句等表示。例如: Country music has become more and more popular.(名词) We often speak English in class.(代词) One-third of the students in this class are girls.(数词) To swim in the river is a great pleasure.(不定式) Smoking does harm to the health.(动名词) The rich should help the poor.(名词化的形容词) When we are going to have an English test has not been decided.(主语从句) It is necessary to master a foreign language.(it作形式主语,真正的主语为后面的不定式) 2、谓语:谓语说明主语的动作,状态或特征。可以有不同的时态,语态和语气。 1)简单谓语: We study for the people. 2)复合谓语: I can speak a little English. We are reading books. He has gone to Beijing.. 3、表语: 它位于系动词(比如be)之后,说明主语身份,特征,属性或状态。 My sister is a nurse. Is it yours?(代词) The weather has turned cold.(形容词) The speech is exciting.(分词) Three times seven is twenty one?(数词) His job is to teach English.(不定式) His hobby(爱好)is playing football.(动名词) The ruler must be in your box.(介词短语) Time is up. The class is over.(副词) The truth is that he has never been abroad.(表语从句) 4、宾语: 宾语表示动作行为的对象,跟在及物动词之后,We like English. How many dictionaries do you have? I have five.(数词) They helped the old with their housework yesterday.(名词化形容词) It began to rain.(不定式短语) I enjoy listening to popular music.(动名词短语) I think(that)he is fit for his office.(宾语从句) 有些及物动词可以带两个宾语,往往一个指人,一个指物,指人的叫间接宾语,指物的叫直接宾语。 He gave me some ink. 有些及物动词的宾语后面还需要有一个补足语,意思才完整,宾语和它的补足语构成复合宾语。如: We make him our monito r(班长). 5、宾补: 就是宾语补足语,就是补充说明宾语的 I see you crossing the street His father named him Dongming.(名词)

初中英语:简单句的五种基本句型

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句子成分及基本句型

实用标准文档 文案大全句子成分及基本句型 一、考点、热点回顾 【句子的成分】 在英文中句子成分包括:主语、谓语、宾语(直接宾语、间接宾语)、表语、定语和状语、宾语补足语等。 (一)主语:主语是谓语讲述的对象,表示所说的“是什么”或“是谁”。一般由名词、代词、不定式或相当于名词的词或短语来充当。它在句首。如: (1)Lucy is a beautiful nurse. (名词作主语) (2)He reads newspapers every day. (代词作主语) (3)Smoking is harmful to the health. (动名词作主语) (4)To swim in Kunming Lake is a great pleasure.(不定式作主语) (5)What we should do is not yet decided. (主语从句作主语) (二)谓语 说明主语“做什么”“是什么”或“怎么样”。谓语(谓语部分里主要的词)必须是动词。谓语和主语在人称和数两方面必须一致。它在主语后面。 如:His parents are teachers. (系动词和表语一起作谓语) We study hard. (行为动词作谓语) We don’t finish reading the book(助动词和行为动词一起作谓语) He can speak English. (情态动词和行为动词一起作谓语) (三)宾语 宾语是动作、行为的对象,由名词、代词、不定式或相当于名词的词、短语来 担任,它和及物动词一起说明主语做什么。一般放在谓语之后。 She is doing her homework now.(名词作宾语) She says(that)she is ill.(宾语从句作动词宾语) We often help him.(代词作宾语) He likes to play basketball.(不定式作宾语) We enjoy listening to the music. 我们喜欢听音乐。(动名词短语作宾语) 说明1:宾语是及物动词涉及到的人或物,宾语一般放在及物动词之后。介词

初中句子成分和基本句型完整版

初中句子成分和基本句 型 Document serial number【NL89WT-NY98YT-NC8CB-NNUUT-NUT108】

句子成分和基本句型 句子包含哪些成分? 现代汉语里一般的句子成分有六种,即主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语和补语。英语的基本成分有八种:主语(subject)、谓语(predicate)、表语(predicative)、宾语(object)、定语(attribute)、状语(adverbial)、{补语(complement)、同位语(apposite)} 1.主语:主语是在句子中说明全句中心主题的部分.一般由名词,代词,不定式,动名词或从句充当.它的位置一般在句首. Thegirlispretty.Readingisuseful. Toseeistobelieve.Theyaregoodfriends. 2.谓语说明主语做什么,以什么状态或特征存在,由简单动词或者动词短语构成. Theyareteachers.Shelookswell. Hestudieshard.Helaughedathisclassmates. 3.表语说明主语是什么,或者怎么样,由名词,形容词,副词,介词短语,不定式,动名词,短语,或者从句充当.表语位于系动词后面Iamateacher.Shefeelshappy. Everybodyishere.Theyareathomenow. Hewentmad.Seeingisbelieving. 4.宾语是动作,行为的对象,由名词,代词,短语,不定式,动名词,从句充当.它和及物动词一起说明主语做了什么,在谓语之后.Sheplaysthepiano.Heoftenhelpsme. IlikewatchingTV.Shelikestogotoshopthisafternoon. Ithinkthatheisgoodboy. 5.宾语补足语:在英语中,有些句子只有宾语并不能表达完整的意思,还必须在宾语后面家上宾语补足语才能表达完整的意思.它起补充说明宾语干什么,怎么样的作用. 它可以由名词,形容词,副词,介词短语,不定式,现在分词和过去分词充当. Ifyouletmego,I’llmakeyouking.Leavethedooropen. WefoundJohnoutwhenwearrived.Makeyourselfathome. Iheardmynamecalled. 6.状语用来修饰动词,形容词或副词.它表示行为发生的时间,地点,目的,方式,程度.一般由副词,介词短语,不定式或相当于副词的词或短语充当,也可由从句来充当. Hediditcarefully.Hestudiedveryhard. IwasbornonJune9th1982inGuangxi.Heiswritingwithapen. Iwillstayathomeifitrainstomorrow.

初中英语五种基本句型及训练

初中英语五种基本句型及训练 句子是由主语、谓语动词、表语、宾语、宾语补足语等组成的,依其组合方式可以分为以下五种: ①主语+不及物动词 如:I arrived at six last night. ②主语+及物动词+宾语 如:I bought a good English-Chinese Dictionary yesterday. ③主语+及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语 如:Please tell me a story before I go to bed. 这样可加双宾语的句子有buy,tell, give, ask, pass, teach. ④主语+及物动词+宾语+宾语补足语 如:I found it impossible to do it. Please keep the classroom clean and tidy. ⑤主语+系动词+表语 如:Tom is an American boy. The grass turned green in spring. 在初中常见的句型中有There be…句型,表示存在某种事物, 如:There is a map on the wall其be动词的形式要与其后面相近的那个名词相一致。 要注意的是这种句型加入助动词后,也要保持be动词,不要换用have,如:There is going to be a meeting tomorrow.在句子结构中要注意主谓一致的问题,即句子的主语与谓语动词要相呼应。 练习: 判断下列句子属于哪种句型: 1)The sun rises in the east.() 2)We arrived at Beijing yesterday. () 3)I bought a bike last year. () 4)I heard him singing in the hall. () 5)They have worked for tree hours this morning. () 6)We help each other. () 7)I have received a letter from my parents. ()8)I am a student. () 9)I gave him a book last week. () 10)My parents will buy me a gift. () [巩固练习] 下列各句均有一处错误,请指出并改正。 1.Dad bought a new bike to me Last Sunday.( ) 2.We enjoy to play football in the afternoon.( ) 3.The boss made him to work all day.( )

句子的成分和基本句型

句子的成分和基本句型 句子成分: 组成句子的各个部分叫作句子成分。英语的句子成分和中文的句子成分大致相同,可分为:主语,谓语,宾语,表语,定语,状语,宾语补语。 一、主语——表明句子里所谈的是:“什么人”或“什么物”,主语常用名词、代词或相当于名词的词或短语充当。例如: Lily likes her new bike.(名词) 莉莉喜欢她的新自行车。 He gets up early every day.(代词) 他每天都起得很早。 To learn English well is not easy.(不定式短语)学好英语不容易。 二、谓语——说明主语“做什么”、“是什么”或“怎么样”,英语中谓语只能用动词 ..充当。例如: We work hard.我们努力工作。 The boy caught a bird. 那个男孩逮住一只鸟。 He is my father. 他是我父亲。 They all look fine. 他们都很好。 谓语和主语在人称和数方面必须保持一致。例如: I am reading. You are reading. He\She is reading. We are reading. 三、宾语——宾语是动作行为的对象。由名词、代词或相当于名词或代词的词或短语充当,和及物动词一起构成谓语,说明主语“做什么”。例如: Tom bought a story-book.(名词)汤姆买了一本故事书。 I saw him yesterday. (代词)昨天我看到他了。 He wanted to have a cup of tea. (不定式短语)他想要一杯茶。 直接宾语和间接宾语——有些及物动词可以有两个宾语,一个指人,一个指物,指人的叫作间接宾语,指物的叫直接宾语。合称双宾。例如: He gave me some ink . 他给了我一些墨水。 间接宾语直接宾语 Our teacher told us an interesting story. 老师给我妈讲了一个有趣的故事。 间接宾语直接宾语 四、表语——说明主语“是什么”或“怎么样”,与连系动词一起构成谓语,表语由名词、形容词、或相当于名词或形容词的词或短语等充当。例如: My sister is a nurse.(名词)我的姐姐是一名护士。 They were at home.(介词短语)他们在家里。 She got angry. (形容词)她生气了。 Her grandfather is over eighty years old.(数词)她的祖父八十多岁了。 五、定语——定语是修饰名词或代词的,可以作定语的除形容词外,还有名词、代词、数词、介词短语或相当于形容词的词或短语等。例如: This is a green cup.(形容词)这是一个绿色的杯子。

英语句子成分及基本句型

英语句子成分及基本句型 句子成分 A. 主语(Subject)主语是一句话的中心。除祈使句外,主语是句子中不可缺少的成分。主语表示句子中所说的是“谁”或 “什么”。 Jane is good at playing the piano. She went out in a hurry. Thirteen is regarded as an unlucky number by some people. To see is to believe. Smoking is bad for health. The young should respect the old. What he has said is true. B. 谓语(Predicate)谓语表示主语的动作或状态,分为简单谓语与复合谓语两种。简单谓语由动词或动词词组组成;复合 谓语由情态动词或助动词+动词。 I saw the flag on the top of the hill? He looked after two orphans. He can speak English well. C. 表语(Predicative)在系动词后的部分就是表语,说明主语的状态等。 常见的系动词有be(am,is,are,were,was),appear,look,seem,feel,smell,taste,sound,keep,turn,become, get, grow, come, go etc.系动词不用于被动语态.The apple tastes sweet. The war was over. They seem to know the truth. Time is precious. I’m not quite myself today. Who was the first? He is out of condition. The book is what I need. D. 宾语(Object)宾语是动作行为的对象,说明主语“做什么”。宾语分为直接宾语(Direct Object)和间接宾语(Indirect Object)。直接宾语常指物,间接宾语常指人。Give him a cup of coffee. E.宾语补足语(Object Complement)是用在宾语之后补充宾语情况的成分。 I found the book interesting. Do you smell something burning? He made himself known to them. She asked me to lend her a hand. Please make yourself at home. Please keep the dog out. We must keep it a secret. F.定语(Attribute)定语修饰名词或代词。 He is a clever boy. His father works in a steel work. There are 54students in our class. Do you known Betty’ssister? There is a sleeping baby in bed. His spoken language is good. I met a friend on my way home. G.状语(Adverbial)用于修饰形容词,副词,动词,介词短语或句子.可表示时间,地点,原因,结果,目的,方式,伴随,条件,程度,让步,频率等。 I will be back in a while. They are playing on the playground. He was late because he got up late. He got up so late that I missed the train. I waited to see you. He often went to school by bus. His parents died, leaving him an orphan. Please call me if it is necessary. This book is very interesting. He went to school in spite of his illness. He always comes late to school. 讲出划线部分的句子成分: 1.Her suggestion sounds quite reasonable. 2.I have a lot to say on this matter. 3.Please give me some advice. 4.She is quite all right now. 5. A lonely person is always alone. 6. A fat, sandy-haired boy in jeans came to see Miss White.

★英语句子成分与五种基本句型

句子成分与五种基本句型 Sentence Constituents and the Five Basic Sentence Patterns ?句子成分 句子的组成成分叫句子成分。 汉语里一般的句子成分有六种:主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语和补语。 英语的基本成分有七(或八)种:主语(subject),谓语(predicate),表语(predicative),宾语(object),定语(attribute),状语(adverbial),补语(complement),[同位语(appositive)]。 七(或八)种句子基本成分: I saw a tall boy take your book just now. 主谓定宾(宾)补状 The boy Li Ming is good. 主[同位] 表 ?五种基本句型: 1.主+谓; 2.主+系+表; 3.主+谓+宾; 4.主+谓+间宾+直宾; 5.主+谓+宾+宾补 什么是主语? 主语是一个句子的主体,是全句要说明的中心部分。一般放于句首。如: Students study. They are good friends. To see is to believe. 什么可以作主语? Shanghai is in the east of China. Tom works very hard. (名词) I bought a new book. That is a picture of our school. Who knows the answer? (代词) Three plus four is seven. The first is the best. (数词) To see is to believe. It is important to learn English. (动词不定式) Smoking is harmful to the health. (动名词) The old should be respected. The disabled will receive more money. (名词化的形容词) What he said is not true. How to finish the work is a problem. (主语从句及复合结构) 什么是谓语? 谓语说明主语做了什么,是什么,怎么样;说明主语的动作、状态和特征。通常由动词的各种形式来充当,并且和主语在人称和数上保持一致,一般放在主语之后。如: We study English. The little girl dances well. He laughed at his classmates. She looks well. 什么可以作谓语? We love China. We have finished reading this book. He can speak English. (及物动词vt) My mother usually gets up early. The boy often plays in his yard. (不及物动词vi) She seems tired. (系动词link-v) 谓语有哪些表现形式? 掌握谓语应注意它的几种变化: 1) 人称和数的变化(主谓一致)。如: I work in a big company. He works in a big company. 2) 时态变化。如: I usually get up at six. I am getting up now. I got up at five yesterday. I will get up at seven tomorrow. I have already got up. I was getting up when he came in. I had got up when he came to my house. 3) 语态变化。如:

句子成分与五种基本句型

句子成分与五种基本句型班级:姓名: 一、句子成分 一)主语:是句子要说明的人或物,是句子的主体,一般放在。 1. The book is mine. ( ) 2. I teach you English.. () 3. Three plus four equals seven. ( ) 4. To see is to believe. () 5. Smoking is not allowed in public places. () 6. Whether or not they will come depends on the weather. () 二)谓语由____ _______担任。助动词或情态动词加其他动词的适当形式也构成谓语。划出以下句子的谓语: 1. We clean the classroom every day . 2. I don't like the picture on the wall. 3. You should have breakfast. 三)表语它的位置在__________之后。是用来说明主语的________,_______, ________的. 1. My father is a professor. ( ) 2. Everything here is expensive. ( ) 3. The story of my life may be of help to others.( ) 4. His plan is to seek work in the city. ( ) 5. The match became very exciting.( ) 6. My first idea was that you should hide your feelings. ( ) 四)宾语表示动作的对象,是动作的承受者。宾语一般放在___________之后。 1. She covered her face with her hands.( ) 2. We haven't seen her for a long time. ( ) 3. We need to know what others are doing. ( ) 4. We should care about our friends. ( ) 五)定语是修饰__ _. 单个词作定语时通常放在它所修饰的名词之_____;短语和从句作定语时则放在它所修饰的名词之___ __。 1. Mary is a beautiful girl.. () 2. China is a developing country. ( ) 3. I have nothing to eat. ( ) 4. The boy who is talking with Tom is from Beijing. ( ) 六)状语状语表示地点、时间、原因、目的、结果、条件、伴随情况等。 1.There is a shop near the school gate. ( ) 2.I left the village five years ago. ( ) 3.I arrived late because of the traffic jam .( ) 4.We'll send a car to fetch you. ( ) 5.The fish can eat a person in two minutes , leaving only bones.( ) 6.The students came into the classroom, singing and dancing.( ) 7.If you work hard, you will be successful. ( ) 8.Though he is a child, he knows a lot. ( ) 七)宾语补足语 英语有些及物动词,除了要有宾语之外,还要加上宾语补足语,才能使句子的意义完整。宾补放在后面补充说明。

句子成分和基本句型

句子成分和基本句型 什么是句子? 句子是由词按照一定的语法结构组成的,是能表达一个完整概念的语言单位.句子的第一个字母必须大写,结尾要有.?! I am a teacher. Are you a student? How beautiful the girl is ! *句子成分由词或词组充当 英语的基本成分有七种: 主语(subject)、谓语(predicate)、表语(predicative)、宾语(object)、定语(attribute)、状语(adverbial)补语(complement) 1.主语:主语是在句子中说明全句中心主题的部分.一般由名词,代词,不定式,动名词或从句充当.它的位置一般在句首. The girl is pretty. Reading is useful. To see is to believe. They are good friends. 谓语: 谓语说明主语做什么,是什么,怎么样,由简单动词或者动词短语构成. They are teachers. She looks well. He studies hard. He laughed at his classmates. He can speak English. 表语: 表语说明主语是什么,或者怎么样,由名词,形容词,副词,介词短语,不定式,动名词,短语,或者从句充当.表语位于系动词后面. I am a teacher. She is happy. Everybody is here. They are at home now. My job is to teach English. Seeing is believing. 宾语 宾语是动作,行为的对象,由名词,代词,短语,不定式,动名词,从句充当.它和及物动词一起说明主语做了什么,在谓语之后. She plays the piano. He often helps me.

英语句子成分及基本句型

英语句子成分及基本句型 1.1 句子成分 A. 主语(Subject)主语是一句话的中心。除祈使句外,主语是句子中不可缺少的成分。主语表示句子中所说的是“谁”或“什么”。 Jane is good at playing the piano. She went out in a hurry. Thirteen is regarded as an unlucky number by some people. To see is to believe. Smoking is bad for health. The young should respect the old. What he has said is true. B. 谓语(Predicate)谓语表示主语的动作或状态,分为简单谓语与复合谓语两种。简单谓语由动词或动词词组组成;复合谓语由情态动词或助动词+动词。 I saw the flag on the top of the hill? He looked after two orphans. He can speak English well. C.表语(Predicative)在系动词后的部分就是表语,说明主语的状态等。 常见的系动词有 be(am,is,are,were,was),appear,look,seem,feel,smell,taste,sound,keep,turn,become, get, grow, come, go etc.系动词不用于被动语态.The apple tastes sweet. The war was over. They seem to know the truth. Time is precious. I’m not quite myself today. Who was the first? He is out of condition. The book is what I n eed. D. 宾语(Object)宾语是动作行为的对象,说明主语“做什么”。宾语分为直接宾语(Direct Object)和间接宾语(Indirect Object)。直接宾语常指物,间接宾语常指人。Give him a cup of coffee. E.宾语补足语(Object Complement)是用在宾语之后补充宾语情况的成分。 I found the book interesting. Do you smell something burning? He made himself known to them. She asked me to lend her a hand. Please make yourself at home. Please keep the dog out.

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