题型组合练(二)
(对应学生用书第171页)
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A(社会生活)
If you are interested in the news，it means you care about what is happening in your community and the world.But sometimes news can be upsetting.If you find out about sad news and it makes you feel worried or upset，what should you do? Dr.Harold Koplewicz，President of the Child Mind Institute，has some suggestions.
Sometimes，the news you watch on TV is not completely accurate.The news on TV is fast-paced.When bad news affects our nation，all of us need time to understand and process it.Your parents and your teachers can be your first sources to get information.
Even someone who is as strong and powerful as President Barack Obama weeps when he's very sad.It's part of being a human that sad events make us feel sad.That doesn't mean that we need to fall_apart．It means that we just have to admit that we're sad and move forward.
People respond in different ways when facing sad news.There are certain kids who are very private and don't want anyone to see how they feel.But if you feel worried，talk to your parents and teachers，which can help you feel more comfortable.
If you still feel very nervous，another way to feel better is to take part in activities that are helpful to others.Go with your parents to the children's welfare institutions，or think of ways that you or your class can help others.
On the other hand，remember to go to sleep at the right time，play with your friends or go to the movies.It is okay to feel sad，but it's not good to stop doing the things you usually do.
【语篇解读】新闻对孩子会产生影响。对于孩子接触到负面新闻而变得情绪低落、忧虑这一问题，本文给出了相关建议。
1．The passage is written for________．
A．news reporters B．school kids
C．teachers D．parents
B[推理判断题。根据第一段中Dr.Harold Koplewicz的身份是President of the Child Mind Institute以及第二段中的“Your parents and your teachers can be your first sources to get information.”可知，本文的阅读对象应该是孩子。] 2．What does the underlined phrase “fall apart” mean in Paragraph 3?
A．Cheer up.
B．Ask for help.
C．Stop being nervous.
D．Have a mental breakdown.
D[词义猜测题。根据第三段中的“It means that we just have to admit that we're sad and move forward.”并结合上下文语境可推断出，fall apart是指“精神崩溃”的意思。]
3．What can be inferred from the passage?
A. More sleep is helpful for sad people.
B．To admit we are sad will leave us nervous.
C．Don't let sadness disturb your normal life.
D．Children should not watch too much news.
C[推理判断题。根据最后一段的“It is okay to feel sad，but it's not good to stop doing the things you usually do.”可知，即便是悲伤的时候，也不要打乱自己的生活规律。]
B(生态环保)
【导学号：25874087】(江苏省名校高三入学摸底卷(考点卷二))
More people live close to sea coast than earlier estimated，assess researchers in a new study.These people are the most sensitive to the rise of sea level as well as to the increased number of floods and intensified(加剧的)storms.By using recent increased resolution datasets, Aalto University researchers estimate that 1.9 billion inhabitants，or about 26% of the world's total population，live closer than 100km from the coast in areas less than 100 meters above present sea level.By 2050 the amount of people in that zone is predicted to increase to 2.4 billion，while population living lower than 5 meters will reach 500 million.Many of these people need to adapt their
livelihood to changing climate，says Assistant Professor Matti Kummu from Aalto University.
The study found that while population and wealth concentrate by the sea，crops must be grown further and further away from where people live.So highlands and mountain areas are increasingly important from this point of view.
Over the past century there has been a clear tendency that cropland and pasture(牧场)areas have grown mostly in areas outside the population hotspots and decreased in coastal areas.This will most probably only continue in the future，adds Professor Olli Varis from Aalto University.
Even though people and wealth continue to accumulate in coastal areas，their growth is even faster in inland and mountainous areas，the study reveals.This contradicts the existing studies.In the future，the world will be less diverse in terms of urbanization and economic output，when assessing it from a geospatial(地理空间)point of view.
For the analysis，researchers used several global gridded(网格化的)datasets.They first created geographical zoning in relation to the elevation and proximity to coast.This was then used to study the factors included in the study，which were grouped into five clusters: climate，population，agriculture，economy，and impact on the environment.For the factors with temporal extent，the researchers also assessed their development over a time period of 1900-2050.
【语篇解读】本文是说明文。文章主要讲述了未来海平面上升给人类带来的潜在威胁。
4．What can be known about those living close to sea coast?
A．They will survive sea level rise.
B．They have been accustomed to sea level rise.
C．They suffer more floods than storms.
D．They are most easily affected by sea level rise.
D[细节理解题。根据第一段中的“These people are the most sensitive to the rise of sea level as well as to the increased number of floods and intensified(加剧的)storms”可知，这些人最容易受到海平面上升所带来的影响。]
5．Why will highlands and mountain areas become more important?
A．They will provide food for coastal areas.
B．The population there will increase quickly.
C．They will be less affected by sea level rise.
D．They offer people a greener lifestyle.
A[细节理解题。根据第二段“The study found that while population and wealth concentrate by the sea，crops must be grown further and further away from where people live.So highlands and mountain areas are increasingly important from this point of view”可知，尽管人口和财富在海边聚集，但种植作物的地方必须离人们居住的地方越来越远，而正是基于该原因，高地和山区才变得越来越重要，故选A。]
6．What is the writing purpose of the passage?
A．To analyze factors contributing to climate change.
B．To tell people potential effects of sea level rise.
C．To call on people to take measures to stop sea level rise.
D．To increase people's awareness of environmental protection.
B[写作意图题。通读全文可知，本文旨在让人们知道海平面的上升给全球带来的潜在影响。故选B。]
Ⅱ.任务型阅读
(2017·南通、泰州高三一模)What have we become？A society in which someone can have hundreds of online friends and yet go for days without human contact.We scan；we click；we text people in the next room instead of speaking to them；we even check our library books out by ourselves when once we might have chatted to a friendly person with an ink pad and a date stamp.
Loneliness can be dangerous.Recent research suggests that it may shorten people's lives and make them more vulnerable to serious illness.It can distort(扭曲)senses of reality and even become an element that drives a few desperate young men to open fire on a cinema audience or a classroom full of children.Electronic voices on various devices can be the only ones some people hear.And what those voices say is not always true.
No man is an island，we are frequently reminded.There are those who choose to
lead solitary(孤独的)lives，and live them well，but on the whole we are sociable beings and we suffer if we are on our own too much.Human contact makes us happier，although virtual relationships can be very positive.
So what could lonely people do to make real friends？An answer，among many，is to read more books.Reading begins alone but becomes a shared activity when a reader，for example，joins a book group，attends a literary festival or signs up for a continuing education course on an aspect of literature that interests them.There's no shame in turning up to any of these alone，and fellowship is guaranteed.Fellow readers may well turn out to be like-minded；it's a basis for new friendships and sustained relationships.Sharing an understanding of a book is a good way of sharing feelings safely.Literary characters can be useful as person as.
But there is another important reason why everyone should read more books，and in particular fiction.The responsibility to fight loneliness lies with those who do not suffer from it.Lonely people often feel that there is no one who understands them or can share their point of view.They need to know that actually there are.That requires everybody else to make the imaginative leap of feeling that connection，and reading fiction helps.It makes people more empathic(移情)—sympathy for fictitious(虚构的)characters can translate into compassion(同情)in real life.
The stories of strangers reach us through many means: news bulletins，interviews，biography and memoirs(回忆录)，but also drama and fiction.Walking a mile in their shoes might help turn some of those strangers into real friends.
极参与各种各样的阅读活动。
7．decreasing/reduced/decreased/replaced[信息归纳题。根据第一段中的“someone can have hundreds of online friends and yet go for days without human contact”可知，随着便利的网络的盛行，人们现在面对面的交流减少(或被取代)了。]
8．early[信息转换题。根据第二段中的“it may shorten people's lives and make them more vulnerable to serious illness”可知，孤独感有非常大的危害，会导致疾病甚至早亡。]
9．confuse[信息转换题。根据第二段中的“It can distort(扭曲)senses of reality and even become an element that drives a few desperate young men to ...”可知，孤独的人可能会将现实和虚拟世界混淆。confuse ...with ...“把……
和……混淆”。]
10．truth[信息转换题。根据第二段中的“what those voices say is not always true”可知，这些声音表达的观点并不总是真的。即人们对其真实性不确定。]
11．happiness[信息转换题。根据第三段的最后一句“Human contact makes us happier，although virtual relationships can be very positive”可知，人际交往能给我们带来更多快乐，而虚拟的关系只能给我们带来暂时的舒适。] 12．literary[直接信息题。根据第四段的内容，尤其是前两句的内容可知，治愈孤独的一个方法是阅读更多的书籍。结合右栏的内容可知，此处指孤独患者的文学治愈。本段中的“literary festival”“Literary characters”也是提示。]
13．involved[信息转换题。根据第四段中的“...joins a book group，attends a literary festival or signs up for a continuing education course”可知，要积极参与各种各样的阅读活动。be/get involved in ...“参与……”。] 14．similar/common[信息转换题。根据第四段中的“Fellow readers may well turn out to be like-minded ...”可知，与志趣相投的人分享读书心得为友谊奠定了基础。]
15．understand[信息归纳题。根据第五段的内容，尤其是最后一句话中的“It makes people more empathic(移情)—sympathy for fictitious(虚构的)characters can translate into compassion(同情)”可知，阅读小说使人更能设身处地的理解别人的感受——对虚拟小说中人物的同情可以转化为对现实生活中人物的怜悯。]
16．place/position/shoes[直接信息题。根据最后一段的最后一句“Walking a mile in their shoes might help turn some of those strangers into real friends”可知，设身处地的为他人着想有助于交友。put oneself in sb.'s place/position/shoes“设身处地，处于某人的境地”为固定用法。]
【导学号：25874088】