外研版高中英语选修六1-6单元知识点归纳
Module 1 (2)
重点单词 (2)
经典短语透视 (3)
热点语法聚焦（非重点） (5)
Module 2 (6)
重点单词 (6)
经典短语透视 (7)
热点语法聚焦（重点） (8)
Module 3 (10)
重点单词 (10)
经典短语透视 (11)
热点语法聚焦(重点） (12)
Module 4 (14)
重点单词 (14)
经典短语透视 (15)
热点语法聚焦（非重点） (16)
Module 5 (18)
重点单词 (18)
经典短语透视 (20)
热点语法聚焦（非重点） (21)
Module 6 (22)
重点单词 (22)
经典短语透视 (23)
热点语法聚焦(非重点） (25)
Module 1
重点单词
【词条1】lack
【点拨】lack动词, 意为"缺乏,没有"。如:
He is good at his job but he seems to lack confidence.
What he lacks in experience he makes up for in enthusiasm.
【拓展】
1. lack的常用短语有:be lacking"欠缺,缺乏"；be lacking in"缺乏(某种品质、特点等)"；lack (for) nothing"应有尽有"。如:
Money for the project is still lacking.
I think the film is lacking in pace.
They have got everything ready and they lack for nothing.
2. lack还可作名词,常与of连用,意为"缺乏,没有"。for lack of "因为缺乏……"。如: The work had to be stopped for lack of funds.
The flowers withered for lack of water.
【词条2】reply
【点拨】名词,意为"回答,答复",常与介词to 连用。如:
Is it a reply to the first or the second letter?
To my anger, she made no reply to my question.
其常用在短语in reply to中,意为"作为对……的回答,回复"。如:
What did he do in reply to your challenge?
【拓展】reply也可作动词,意为"回答,答复",reply (to ... / that ...) 。如:
The teacher gave me no chance to reply to her question.
Lily replied that she knew nothing about it.
【词条3】apology
【点拨】apology名词,意为"道歉,歉意",常用于短语:offer / make an apology to sb."
向某人道歉", accept an apology"接受道歉"。如:
It’s impolite of you to leave without a word of apology.
In my judgment, we should accept their apology.
You’d better make an apology for your absence.
【拓展】其动词形式为apologize,意为"道歉,表示歉意",常用短语为: apologize to sb.(for sth.)"(因某事)向某人道歉"。如:
I must apologize for not being able to meet you that day.
I think Tom might have apologized to Jane for what he did.
经典短语透视
【短语1】think of
【点拨】think of可意为"想起,想出"。如:
The photo made me think of my child-hood.
It was Tom who thought of the good plan.
【拓展】think的其他常用短语:
1. think highly / much of 重视,高度赞扬。如:
All the teachers think highly of John because he is very smart and kind.
2. think about 考虑。如:
I was thinking about something else and missed your words.
3. think over 仔细考虑。如:
Please think the plan over and let me know your decision tomorrow.
【短语2】in addition
【点拨】in addition意为"另外,此外"。如:
I write my own songs and I play the guitar in addition.
You need money and time. In addition, you need diligence.
【拓展】in addition to 除……之外(还有),to为介词,后接名词或动词-ing形式。如:
His brother can speak three foreign languages in addition to English. besides也意为"除……之外(还有)"。如:
The play was badly acted, besides being far too long.
【短语3】leave out
【点拨】leave out意为"省去,删去"。如:
In Western countries, people usually leave out No. 13 as the number is thought unlucky.
You can leave out the unnecessary words when writing down the notes.
【拓展】
1. leave out还可意为"漏掉,遗漏"。如:
Decide with you partner which words have been left out.
2. 与leave相关的常用短语:leave behind遗留,留下
It left behind a long train of problems and difficulties.
leave over剩余,暂不解决
We shall have to leave the question over till the next meeting.
leave alone别管,不理会
If I were you, I’d leave this question alone.
【短语4】show off
【点拨】show off意为"炫耀"。如:
Those boys always show off their sports skills to the girls.
His brother likes to show off his knowledge in public.
【拓展】与show相关的常用短语:
show sb. around领某人参观
The headmaster showed us around the school.
show up出席,到场
The party is about to begin, but Mr. Wang hasn’t shown up.
热点语法聚焦（非重点）
didn’t need to do和needn’t have done的区别(非重点）
didn’t need to do和needn’t have done都有"过去不必做某事"的意思,但是didn’t need to表示"过去没有必要做某事,事实上也没做"；needn’t have done表示"过去本来不必做某事,实际上却做了"。如:
I didn’t need to take a taxi from the air-port —there was a bus all the way into the city.
I needn’t have booked in advance; there were plenty of tickets left.
此外,要注意need的其它用法:
need可作实义动词,也可作情态动词。
1. 作实义动词时, need有人称和数的变化,后可以接名词、代词、动词不定式和动名词等,否定式要在前面加don’t (doesn’t, didn’t),疑问句用do (does, did) 提问。如:
The company needs some good salesmen.
His broken car needs to be repaired. = His broken car needs repairing.
2. 作情态动词时,need没有人称和数的变化,后接动词原形,否定式为needn’t,常用在否定句和疑问句中。如:
You needn’t worry about him. He is very mature now.
—Need I stay another day?
—Yes, you must.
Module 2
重点单词
【词条1】behave
【点拨】behave 用作不及物动词,意为"(举止或行为)表现"。如:
She has been behaving very politely.
另外,behave还可意为"举止得体；守规矩",常和反身代词连用。如: Can’t you make your little child behave himself?
【拓展】well- / ill- / badly-behaved adj.表现得好的/不好的；behavior n.行为,举止如:
He is thought to be a well-behaved child.
She was ashamed of her children’s bad behavior.
【词条2】appeal
【点拨】appeal可用作名词,意为"吸引力,感染力"。如:
Films of this sort have lost their appeal for me.
【拓展】
1. appeal用作名词时,还可意为"呼吁,请求"。如:
His appeal for forgiveness went unanswered.
An appeal is being made for help for those who lost their homes in the earthquake. 2. appeal还可用作动词, 意为"引起兴趣；呼吁,请求",常跟介词to连用。如: Does the idea of working abroad appeal to you?
The police
are appealing to the public for any information about this.
【词条3】awake
【点拨】awake 可用作形容词,意为"醒着的"。如:
I have lain awake all night thinking over the problem.
注意:awake是表语形容词,不能用于名词前作定语。类似的形容词还有asleep, alive, aware等。
【拓展】awake (awoke, awoken) 可作不及物动词,意为"醒来",这时与wake up意义相近；awake也可作及物动词,意为"唤醒,叫醒；唤起(记忆)；激起(情感)"。如: I awake to the ringing of an electric bell every day.
The thunder awoke me last night.
His father tried to awake him to a sense of duty.
Nothing can awake her interest in foot-ball.
经典短语透视
【短语1】ahead of
【点拨】ahead of意为"在……之前"。如:
The time here is nine hours ahead of London. Ahead of us was a narrow and muddy road.
【拓展】ahead of还可意为"胜过,优于；(数量、价格等)超过"。如:
In management, our company is well ahead of theirs.
Their pay offer was well ahead of inflation.
【短语2】holdout
【点拨】hold out可意为"伸出,拿出"。如:
When I arrived, Mary held out her hand in welcome.
【拓展】hold out还可意为"维持；坚持(抵抗)"。如:
We were short of water but it could hold out for another day.
They held out against the enemy for two days and nights.
The town was surrounded, but the citizens held out until help at last came.
【短语3】put down
【点拨】put down可意为"放下"。如:
Put down that knife before you hurt somebody!
【拓展】
1. put down还可意为"写下,记下；镇压；消灭"。如:
Put down your notes at the bottom of the paper.
The uprising was put down three days later.
can’t put sth. down 爱不释手；不忍释卷。如:
It is an interesting story a nd he can’t put it down until he has finished reading it.
2. 与put相关的常用短语:put out出版；生产；使熄灭,扑灭；put up树立；put off 推迟；put aside 把……搁在一边；put forward提出；put up with容忍。如:
Be sure to put out the light before you go to bed.
The building will be put up in the centre of the campus.
Don’t put off till tomorrow what can be done today.
He put aside his work to spend more time with his family.
He put forward a very good suggestion at the meeting.
I could hardly put up with the child any longer.
热点语法聚焦（重点）
动词的-ing形式作状语（高考重点）
可表示时间、原因、条件、结果、让步、方式、伴随或对谓语加以补充说明等。如:
While reading the book, he nodded from time to time. (时间)
It rained for two weeks, completely ruining the crops. (结果)
Turning to the right at the crossing, you will see the post office right before you.
(条件)
Being busy and exhausted, he gave us a lot of help. (让步)
We Chinese eat our food using chopsticks. (方式)
Not knowing how to deal with the problem, the boy turned to his teacher.(原因）Laughing and talking loudly, we left the party. (伴随)
【难点点拨】
1. 现在分词作状语时,其逻辑主语必须与句子的主语一致,它所表示的动作应该
是句中主语所发出的动作,即现在分词和句子主语之间构成主动关系。如: Seeing from the top of the hill, we can get a full view of the country.
(we与see之间是主动关系)
2. 现在分词作状语时,其前可加while, when, after, before, though, unless等连词,on, upon等介词或thus, completely等副词。如:
While doing the experiment, we discovered the new chemical.
Take the medicine three times a day after having each meal.
On hearing the news, she rushed out the room.
My car was caught in a traffic jam, thus causing the delay.
3. 有时用"(with / without)+ 宾语+ 现在分词"结构作状语。如:
I couldn’t focus my attention with that noise going on.
高考真题加改编题目练习：
1．(2015·课标全国Ⅱ，64)In addition to their simple beauty，what makes the adobe dwellings admirable is their a bility to “air condition” a house
without________(use)electric equipment.
2．(2015·安徽，27改编)________(ignore) the difference between the two research findings will be one of the worst mistakes you make.
3．(2015·北京，21改编)________(catch) the early flight，we ordered a taxi in advance and got up very early.
4．(2015·北京，23改编)The park was full of people，________(enjoy) themselves in the sunshine.
5．(2015·天津，8改编)________(work) for two days，Steve managed to finish his report on schedule.
6．(2015·陕西，17改编)After receiving the Oscar for Best Supporting Actress，Anne Benedict went on ________(thank) all the people who had helped in her career. 7．(2015·浙江，18改编)Listening to music at home is one thing，going to hear it
________(perform) live is quite another.
8．(2015·湖南，30改编)When the clerk saw a kind face wrinkled in an apologetic smile，she stood rooted to the ground，________(wonder) whether to stay or leave. 9．(2015·福建，28改编)________(learn) more about Chinese culture，Jack has decided to take Chinese folk music as an elective course.
10．(2015·江苏，24改编)Much time________(spend) sitting at a desk，office workers are generally troubled by health problems.
Module 3
重点单词
【词条1】raise
【点拨】vt. 可意为"招募,筹措(金钱)"。如:
It voted to raise 100,000 troops immediately.
He asked me to write a leaflet to raise money for Hope Schools.
【拓展】raise还可意为"举起；增加,提高；提出；抚养,饲养；引起"。如:
The wind raised the fallen leaves from the ground.
The boss has promised to raise their pay.
He was so angry as to raise his voice.
The question was raised at the meeting. I was raised by my aunt on a farm.
The discussion raised our interest.
【辨析】raise ＆rise两者都可以表示"上升；增长"之意,不同的是raise是及物动词,rise是不及物动词。如:
On Monday morning, we were watching the children raising the national flag and we saw it rising slowly in the wind.
【词条2】regret
【点拨】regret可用作动词,意为"懊悔,惋惜；遗憾",后接名词、代词、that从句、不定式、动名词等。如:
I regret my refusal to his invitation. I regret that I can’t attend the party.
We regret to inform you that you failed again.
We have deeply regretted selling the farm.
注意:其后接动词-ing形式和动词不定式时意思有区别。试体会:
I regret to tell you that I have no news for you. (遗憾要做某事)
I regret telling Tom the truth. (后悔做了某事)
【拓展】regret也可作名词,意为"遗憾,后悔；歉意"。如:
We decided with great regret that we couldn’t offer you the position.
feel no regret at对……不感到遗憾
much to one’s regret使某人非常遗憾的是
expres s one’s regret at对……表示遗憾
【词条3】forgive
【点拨】vt.＆vi.意为"原谅,宽恕",常用于结构forgive sb. for sth. / doing sth.,也可以接双宾语。如:
I will never forgive you for what you’ve ever done to me.
Eventually, she forgave him the bad behavior.
【拓展】forgivene
ss n.原谅,宽恕,饶恕forgiving adj. 宽大的,仁慈的
经典短语透视
【短语1】keep in touch (with)
【点拨】keep in touch (with sb.)意为"(与某人)保持联系",也可写作stay / be in touch (with sb.)。如:
This is my card. Let’s keep in touch.
I’ve kept in touch with most of my classmates in the middle school.
【拓展】与touch相关的常见搭配还有:get in touch with"与……取得联系"；lose touch with / be out of touch with"与……失去/ 没有联系"。如:
We have lost touch with John since we moved to Japan.
Write to me as often as you can. I don’t want to lose touch with you.
【短语2】knock over
【点拨】knock over意为"撞倒,击倒"。如:
A drunken driver knocked over nine people, causing five deaths.
【拓展】与knock相关的短语还有:knock down"打倒,推倒"；knock off"停止,中断"；knock out"击败,击倒"。如:
He knocked Tom down with one blow of his fist.
We knocked off work for tea.
Our team was knocked out in the first part of the competition.
【短语3】make up
【点拨】make up可意为"和好"。如:
I found it hard to make up with Joan after we quarreled about the beautiful stamp. 【拓展】make up还有以下常用意思:
You shouldn’t believe him. He is making the whole thing up. (编造)
Whoever attends the ball is supposed to make up. (化妆)
You must make up the work you missed. (补上)
热点语法聚焦(重点）
1. 非谓语动词的完成式having done的用法
非谓语动词的完成式having done表示在谓语动词所表示的动作之前发生的动作。其否定式为not having done。如:
Having been criticized by the teacher, he gave up smoking.
Not having studied his lessons very hard, he failed the examinations.
分词的被动式表示它的逻辑主语是-ing分词动作的承受者。根据-ing分词动作发生的时间,-ing分词的被动式有一般被动式(being done)和完成被动式(having been done)。如:
He never talked about his having been interviewed by the reporter.
The question being discussed is very important.
2. 非谓语动词的-ing形式和to do形式的区别（重点主要是一些固定搭配，初中已经讲过，需要熟悉再次识记）
有些动词既能接不定式,又能接-ing形式,含义有所不同。如:
(1) forget, remember, regret等词后面接不定式表示不定式动作后于谓语动作,而后接-ing形式作宾语表示动名词动作先于谓语动作。如:
Do you remember seeing me before? 你记得以前见过我吗？
Remember to lock the door when you leave. 离开时要记得锁门。
(2) 动词mean, stop, try, go on等动词后面接动名词和接不定式作宾语,意思也有所不同。如:
I mean to change it for another one. 我想换成另外一个。
Missing the train means waiting for another hour.
误了这班车就意味着再等一个小时。
(3) 动词allow, advise, forbid, permit等可直接跟
-ing形式作宾语,不可以接动词不定式作宾语,但可接不定式作宾语补足语。如: Please permit me to say a few words.请允许我说几句话。
We don’t permit smoking here. 我们这儿不允许吸烟。
(4) 动词need, require, want作"需要"解时,后面接-ing分词或不定式被动式。如:
These little children require looking after carefully / to be looked after carefully. 这些小孩需要细心地照料。
(5) 动词like, hate, prefer等后面,如表示一般性动作,多用-ing形式；如指特定的具体的某次动作,多用不定式。如:
I like swimming, but I don’t like to swim with you.
我喜欢游泳,但我不喜欢和你一起游泳。
Module 4
重点单词
【词条1】combine
【点拨】combine vi. / vt. 联合,结合,合并。常用作结构combine ... with ..."把……与……结合"。如:
The two countries combined against their common enemy.
He combined his scientific knowledge with his friend’s business skill and started a company.
His efforts, combined with his determination, helped him achieve great success.
【拓展】combination n. 联合,合作, 结合combined adj. 组合的,结合的
【词条2】relax
【点拨】relax vi. / vt. 放松,使轻松。如:
The doctor told him to relax a week or so before going back to work.
This equipment will help relax your muscles.
【拓展】relax还可意为"放宽；使松弛"。如:
They relaxed the regulations after the reform.
relaxed adj. 放松的,镇定的relaxing adj. 令人放松的
She had a very relaxed manner.
It’s really a relaxing walk.
【词条3】present
【点拨】present可用作动词,意为"赠送；颁发(奖品等)；提出"。如:
When Mr. Smith left our company; our manager presented him with a golden watch. The winner was presented with the prize by the chairman.
【拓展】
1. present作名词,可意为"礼物,赠品；现在,目前"。如:
I don’t want all these books; I’ll make you a present of them.
She is busy at present, and she can’t speak to you.
Let’s leave things as they are for the pre sent.
2. present作形容词,意为"出席的,在场的；目前的,现在的"。如:
It’s unfair to discuss his case if he isn’t present.
The present situation seems to be in their favor.
经典短语透视
【短语1】in addition to
【点拨】in addition to意为"除……之外(还有)",其中to为介词,所以后面要跟名词、代词和动名词等。如:
In addition to giving a general introduction to computers, the course also pro-vides practical experience.
【拓展】
1. besides作介词时,和其意思和用法相同。如:
We have lots of things in common besides dance.
2. in addition相当于副词,可译为"另外,加之"。如:
You need money and time; in addition, you need intelligence.
【短语2】draw upon / on
【点拨】draw upon / on意为"凭借,利用"。如:
Reread your previou
s essays for ideas and information, which you may want to draw upon.
A writer has to draw upon his imagination and experience.
【拓展】draw on / upon还可意为"临近,(时光)渐渐过去"。如:
Winter is drawing on.
It grew colder as night drew on.
【短语3】be true of
【点拨】be true of 意为"(某种情况)适用于,适宜于"。如:
This principle is true of everybody.
The food is good and the same is true of the service.
【拓展】根据下列例句体会与true相关短语的意义:
The picture is true to life. (逼真)
He is always true to his promise. (信守)
My father said I should be a lawyer and it has come true. (实现)
热点语法聚焦（非重点）
一、现在完成进行时由"has / have been + 动词-ing"构成,其主要用法有:
1. 表示动作从过去开始一直持续到说话时,并且还有可能继续下去。这一用法常和表示一段时间的状语,如:
For three years, all this time, all one’s l ife, all the morning, these few weeks.
以及由for或since引导的时间状语连用。如:
He’s been watching television all day.
I have been teaching in the middle school for ten years.
2. 表示从过去某一时刻开始一直持续到说话时刻的动作,在说话时刻这个动作刚刚结束。如:
I have just been saying goodbye to my friend.
3. 表示一直到说话时为止的一段时间内反复发生的动作。如
Have you been meeting him lately?
二、与现在完成时的比较:
1. 从定义上来看,现在完成时(have done)表示的是已经完成的动作或者状态,常常与already"已经"或ever"曾经"连用。如:
We have already learnt Unit
2. (我们已经学习了第二单元。)
She is the most beautiful girl I have ever seen. (她是我见过的最漂亮的女孩。) 而现在完成进行时则表示的是从过去某一时刻开始一直延续到现在,并且
有可能还要进行下去的动作,具有未完成的特点,一般不与already或ever等连用。如:
We have been learning Unit 2. 我们一直在学习第二单元。(没学完)
2. 现在完成时表示次性,现在完成进行时可以表示动作的重复,请看以下句子:
I have met him at the library. (我在图书馆见过他。)
I have been meeting him at the library. (我经常在图书馆看见她。)
3. 现在完成时和现在完成进行时都可以表示刚刚结束的动作,但在含上有区别。现在完成时强调的是动作的结果,而现在完成进行时强调的则是动作的过程。如:
We are very tired. We’ve been cleaning the house. 我们很累,我们一直在打扫房子。(强调动作)
We’ve clea ned the house. You may come in now. 我们打扫过房子了,你可以
进来了。(强调结果"房子干净")
4. 现在完成时通常只陈述事实,而现在完成进行时还可表示一种感情色彩。如:
I have waited for two hours.我等了两个小时。(陈述事实)
I have been waiting for two hours.我等了两个小时。(等得好辛苦)
5. 现在完成进行时通常用来谈论较短暂的动作或情况；若要谈论时间延续较长的动作或情况或永久性情况,则通常用现在完成时。如:
He has lived in Paris.他(一直)住在巴黎。
He has been living in Paris.他(目前)住在巴黎。(表暂时性)
6. 不用于进行时态的动词通常也不用于现在完成进行时,但它们可以用于现在完成时。如:
I’ve only known her for two days.我认识她刚刚两天。
They’ve been married for twenty years.他们结婚已二十年了。
The war has lasted for a long time. 这场战争已经持续了很长时间。
7. 现在完成进行时不用于被动语态,若要用可用现在完成时的被动语态代
替。如:
The house has been painted for a month. 这房子已漆了一个月。
The problem has been studied for five days.这个问题已研究了五天。Module 5
重点单词
【词条1】refuse
【点拨】refuse为动词,意为"拒绝"。常用于结构:
①refuse to do sth.
②refuse + n. / pron.
③refuse sb. sth.。
如:
What annoyed us was that Mary refused to talk about this matter.
He refused his friend’s invitation to go on an adventure.
She is so enthusiastic that you can’t refuse her anything.
【拓展】
1. 辨析refuse＆reject＆decline
这几个词都可作"拒绝"解。其区别在于:refuse 是表示"拒绝"这一概念的最普通的用词,可接不定式,表示拒绝做某事,也可接名词,表示不接受；reject 语气比refuse 强,表示断然拒绝。如果不同意一种意见或信仰,通常用reject；decline 比较正式,表示礼貌、客气地"婉拒",当表示对于对方的邀请、请求、提议等表示"不接受"时,可以用decline 来缓和语气。如:
I refused to take part in anything that is illegal.
The army doctors rejected several recruits as unfit.
I invited her to join us, but she declined.
2. refusal为refuse 的名词形式,意为"拒绝,拒不"。如:
Your refusal of such a good offer was very foolish.
【词条2】arise
【点拨】arise为不及物动词,意为"产生；出现"。常用搭配:arise out of / from sth."由……引起"。如:
We didn’t know how the quarrel arose.
Disagreements have arisen from the new program.
【拓展】
1. arise还可意为"站起来,起立"。如:
He arose, telling me that he would wait for me outside the office.
2. 注意几个与arise意义相近的词:
(1) rise是不及物动词,意为"上升；升起；增加；提高"。也可意为"起床"和"站起身",这时可与arise换用。如:
Our hopes rose and fell in the same instant.
The chairman rose from his chair and came forward to present the award.
We arose from the chairs when the guest entered the room.
(2) raise是及物动词,意为"举起；
使起来；提高；提出"。如:
He raised his hand to ask the speaker questions.
My salary was raised to 8,000 yuana month.
(3) arouse也是及物动词,意为"唤醒；激起；引起"。如:
I was suddenly aroused by the thunder.
Great enthusiasm was aroused by the speech.
【词条3】accompany
【点拨】accompany 动词,可意为"陪伴"。如:
Will you accompany me in drinking a glass of wine?
【拓展】accompany还可意为"伴随发生；伴奏"。如:
Lightning usually accompanies with thunder.
The pianist accompanied her singing.
经典短语透视
【短语1】treat ... as ...
【点拨】treat ... as ... 意为"把……当成……"。如:
People here all treat me as an expert on farming.
【拓展】下面的词组都可以表示"把……当成……"。如:
All the patients regard him as a considerate nurse.
She thinks of the monitor as the cleverest student in the class.
They look on others’ difficulties as their own.
This sculpture is considered as a symbol of this city.
【短语2】rely on
【点拨】rely on意为"依靠,指望",常用于以下结构:
They usually rely on themselves.(rely on sth.)
They have to rely on the river for their water.( rely on sth. for)
You can rely on Peter to do what he promises.(rely on sb. to do sth.)
【拓展】count on和depend on / upon 都可意为"依靠,依赖"。如:
I can count on Bill to get the job done.
Our success mostly depends on your help.
【短语3】break down
【点拨】break down可意为"分解,分化"。如:
After many years, rocks break down into dirt.
【拓展】根据下列例句体会break down的其他意思:
We are late because the car broke down halfway. (坏了)
The peace talks have broken down because neither side would compromise. (失败) She broke down with a sob and covered her face with the hands. (感情失控)
The expenditure on the project breaks down as follows: wages 5,000 dollars, materials 8,000 dollars. (分割)
选修六 Unit 1 1.adj. 现实主义的；逼真的；现实的 2.adj. 抽象的；深奥的n. 摘要 3.n. 雕塑 4.n. 雕刻家；雕塑家 5.n. 美术陈列室；画廊 6.n. 信任；信心；信念 7.adv. 忠实地 8.adv. 所以；因而 9.n. 目标；目的vi. & vt. 瞄准；（向某方向）努力 10.adj. 常规的；传统的；因循守旧的 11.adj. 典型的；有代表性的 12.adj. 明显的；明白的 13.n. 新生；复兴；复活 14.vt. 采用；采纳；收养 15.adj. 人道主义的 16.vt. 拥有；具有；支配 17.n. （尤作复数）所有；财产 18.adj. 卓越的；杰出的；极好的 19.n. 透视画法；透视图；观点 20.n. 技术；方法；技能 21.n. 巧合（的事）；（事情、口味、故事等）相合 22.巧合地 23.n. 杰作；名著 24.n. 印象主义；印象派 25.adj. 印象派的 n.印象派艺术家 26.adj. 后印象派的n. 后印象派艺术家 27.大量28.n. 阴影；影子 29.adj. 荒谬的；可笑的 30.adj. 争论的；争议的 31.n. 努力；尝试；企图vt. 尝试；企图 32.（可是）另一方面 33.vt. 预言；预告；预测 34.n. 风景；景色 35.adj. 确切的；特定的 36.n. 画像；身材；数字 37.n. 黏土 38.n. 评论家；批评者 39.n. 青铜；青铜色；青铜制艺术品 40.n. 大理石 41.vt. 雕刻；刻记 42.adj. 脆弱的；容易生病的；精致的 43.n. 帆布；画布 44.n. 咖啡馆；小餐馆 45.adj. 过敏性的；对……过敏的 46.adv. 有效地 47.n. 展览；陈列；展览会 48.adj.敢做敢为的;侵略的；好斗的 49.n. 学者 50.n. 肉；肌肉；肉体 51.活着的；本人 52.n. 几何学 53.n. 束；串 54.n. 林荫道；道路；大街 55.n. 喜爱；偏爱
选修6重点词汇，短语，句子复习总结 选修六. M6 Unit1 重点单词 abstract 抽象 sculpture 雕塑 belief 信仰 special特殊 visual视觉 consequently 因此 specific 具体 fragrant芳香 permanent永久 faith信念（信心） symbol象征 value 价值focus 焦点 avenue 大道 exhibition展览 possession拥有 figure图 achievemen 成就mostly 大多shadow阴影 variety 品种 contemporary 当代 custom 习俗adopt采用 object对象 explore gallery admission influence conventional convince ridiculous controversial excellent evident attempt predict collection discovery traditional amazing realistic masterpiece environment style aggressive scholar civilization counterpart scene permanent tip preference represent display fragile typical shape gradually technique reputation including replace 重点短语 focus on 集中 a great deal 大量 scores of concentrate on at the same time that Is (to say) as well as by coincidence lie in break away from on the other hand be well worth would rather appeal to精力在一个很大的成绩 集中精力在同一时间是(说) 以及巧合睡懒觉了 摆脱另一方面很值得 宁愿吸引 重点句子 1. A typical picture of this time was full of religious symbols, which created a feeling of … 一个典型的图片的这个时候布满了宗教符号,创造了一种感觉… 2.But it was evident that ideas were changing in the 13th century when … 但显然的想法改变13th世纪… 1
选修6 Unit 1 Art-Reading A SHORT HISTORY OF WESTERN PAINTING Art is influenced by the customs and faith of a people. Styles in Western art have changed many times. As there are so many different styles of Western art, it would be impossible to describe all of them in such a short text. Consequently, this text will describe only the most important ones, starting from the sixth century AD. The Middle Ages (5th to the 15th century AD) During the Middle Ages, the main aim of painters was to represent religious themes. A conventional artist of this period was not interested in showing nature and people as they really were. A typical picture at this time was full of religious symbols, which created feeling of respect and love for God. But it was evident that ideas were changing in the 13th century when painters like Giotto di Bondone began to paint religious scenes in a more realistic way. The Renaissance (15th to 16th century) During the Renaissance, new ideas and values graduallv replaced those held in the Middle Ages.People began to concentrate less on religious themes and adopt a more humanistic attitude to life. At the same time painters returned to classical Roman and Greek ideas about art. They tried to paint people and nature as they really were. Rich people wanted to possess t heir own paintings, so they could decorate their superb palaces and great houses. They paid famous artists to paint pictures of themselves, their houses and possessions as well as their activities and achievements. One of the most important discoveries during this period was how to draw things in perspective. This technique was first used by Masaccio in 1428. When people first saw his paintings, they were convinced that they were looking through a hole in a wall at a real scene. If the roles of perspective had not been discovered, no one would have been able to paint such realistic pictures. By coincidence, oil paints were also developed at this time, which made the colours used in paintings look richer and deeper. Without the new paints and the new technique, we would not be able to see the many great masterpieces for which this period is famous. Impressionism (late 19th to early 20th century) In the late 19th century, Europe changed a great deal. from a mostly agricultural society to a mostly industrial one. Many people moved from the countryside to the new cities. There were many new inventions and social changes. Naturally, these changes also led to new painting styles. Among the painters who broke away from the traditional style of painting were the Impressionists, who lived and worked in Paris.
Review of Book 6 高二英语选修6 重要知识点复习 I.Let?s review the phrases of book6. 从方框里选择短语并用正确的形式填空，每个短语只能够用一次（其中有多余的选项） burn to the ground, put up with, on the whole, result in , so long as, come about, in the distance, build up, focus on , scores of, a great deal of, manage to , be made up o f, translate …into, take it easy,, in spite of, in sorrow, take possession of, due to, decide on , be addicted to, get into, in the flesh, run out of, stand for, feel like, be accustomed to, convince…of, pay attention to, in the darkness, take a risk 1 the restaurant?s success was___ its new manage. 2 Could you tell me how many departments this university ____? 3 The man often returns from work very late and gets through the woods ___ by himself. 4The king tried to______ his men ____ his power by leading the great army. 5At the discussion, the farmers? argument____ whether their farmlands should be covered by the factory. 6Once you ___ surfing on the Internet, you will find it rather hard to give it up. 7Though humans have discovered____ oil and coal, they mustn?t waste energy like that. 8You can not legally____ the property until three weeks after the contract is signed. 9In mathematics, the letter “X” usually ______ an unknown figure. 10Hearing the sad news that the famous actor died of cancer, all his fans were deeply ______. 11“_______, young man” , the doctor said to Bill. “Let me examine you carefully. 12______ so many difficulties , we?ll do whatever we can to finish the task. 13It was so dry and hot in the desert and the travelers ______ the water they had. 14Without any guide leading them in the forest, the explorers soon____ trouble. 15I?m very hungry now and I _____ eating some food or fruit as soon as possible. 16Those young people would like to _____ so that they could find out whether there is a huge snake in the cave. 17Last week, we saw the man_______ who was said to have died in an accident and we know the news was not true. 18After a long heated discussion, the manager finally_______ taking the measures to encourage their stuff. 19A large number of young people who________ the comfortable life in the city would rather not return to the countryside. 20The popularity of private cars will_____ more serious air pollution and more traffic accidents. 21However, ________, I think I have been fortunate. 22With the Internet bridging people all over the world, great changes have________. 23A balanced diet and enough exercise can certainly_________ your health. 24The pay you get is so low in the company while your work is so hard-----how can you _________it? 25One can achieve his goal sooner or later_______ he is able to face the future with confidence and work hard at it. II.Words spelling. 单词拼写A： 1.They had to c______ tomorrow?s football match because of the bad weather. 2.He studied the German market to find the _______( 可能性) there for investment. 3.Two middle-aged passengers fell into the sea. ________( 不幸地), neither of them could swim. 4.The car club couldn?t ________（保证）to meet the demands of all its members. 5.Miss Lin made a very _________(印象深刻的) speech at the meeting. 6.American culture is u______ because it was formed and developed under special conditions. 7.The lecture was so long and dull that most audiences got b______ with it. 8._______(发抖) with fear, I made my way to the edge of the crater. 单词拼写B 1.The word “ honesty” is an a______ （抽象）noun. 2.There are many art g_____ （画廊）in New York. 3.I?m afraid I?ve never been much of a s______ (学者) 4.They are to put on an ______ (展览) of French paintings next week. 5.The prisoners a______ (尝试) to escape, but failed. 单词拼写C： 1．Some___________ (青少年) have got into the habit of taking drugs. 2．She hopes to get a job on the local newspaper and _______(最后)work the Times. 3．The doors opened _______（自动地）as we approached. 4．He played the piano for a bit of __________ （放松） 5．It?s ________（不合法的）to park your car here. 6．He put forward a plan for improving the rate of_______（生产）。 7．So I did wrong thing! Well, nobody?s_______（完美的）。 8．A woman is ________（怀孕的）for nine months before a child is born. 9．In fact,_______（压力）isn?t so bad a thing as it is often supposed to be. 10.The man made a________（陈述）to the police. 单词填空D 1．T he __________(平均数)of 3,6 and 9 is 6 2．G as and coal are __________(燃料)。 3．W e had very little d_________(资料)on that subject.
西方绘画艺术简史 艺术是受一个民族的风俗和信仰影响。西方艺术风格经历了多次变革。因为西方艺术多种多样，在短短的一篇课文里不可能进行全面的描述。因此，本书只谈及从公元六世纪开始以来最重要的几种艺术风格。 中世纪(5到15世纪) 在中世纪时期,画家的主要目的是把宗教主题表现出来。这一时期传统的艺术家无意于如实地展现自然和人物。这时的典型绘画充满了宗教的特征，体现出了对上帝的爱戴和敬重。但是，13世纪时绘画观念在改变是显而易见的，像乔托这样的画家开始以一种更现实的方式来画宗教场景。 文艺复兴时期（15世纪到16世纪） 在文艺复兴时期,新的思想和价值观逐渐取代了中世纪的思想和价值观。人们开始较少关注宗教主题而采取一种更人性化的生活态度。同时画家们回到罗马、希腊的古典艺术理念上。他们力争如实画出人物和自然。富人们想拥有自己的艺术品，这样就可以装饰自己的高级宫殿和豪宅。他们出价聘请著名艺术家不仅让他们画他们的活动和成就，还要他们画自己的肖像、房子和所有物。 在此期间，最重要的发现之一就是如何用透视法来画出事务。这一手法是1428年由马萨乔第一次使用的。当人们第一次看到他的画时，还以为是透过墙上的小洞来观看真实的场景，并对此深信不疑。如果没有发现透视法，就没有人能画出如此逼真的画。巧合的是，这一时期油画颜料也得到了发展，使得绘画的色彩看上去更丰富、更深沉。没有新的颜料和新的手法，我们就不能看到很多使这一时期著名的杰作。 印象派(19世纪后期到20世纪初期) 19世纪后期，欧洲发生了巨大的变化，从以农业为主的社会转变成了以工业为主的社会。许多人从农村迁入到新城市。有许多新发明和社会变革。这些变革也自然地促成了新的绘画风格。在那些突破传统画法的画家中有生活和工作在法国巴黎的印象派画家。 印象派画家是第一批室外写景的画家。他们急切地想把一天中不同时间投射到物体上的光线和阴影呈现出来。然而由于自然光的变化很快，印象派画家们必须很快地作画，因此，他们的画就不像以前那些画家们的画那样细致了。起初，很多人不喜欢这种画法，甚至还怒不可遏。他们说这些画家作画时漫不经心，粗枝大叶，而他们的作品更是荒谬可笑。 现代艺术(20世纪到今天) 在印象派作品的创建初期，他们是存在着争议的，但是如今已经被人们接受而成为我们现在所说的“现代艺术”的始祖了。这是因为印象派鼓励画家用一种崭新的视角看待他们的环境。如今，现代艺术风格有好几十种，然而如果没有印象派，那么这许多不同的风格也许就不可能存在。一方面，有些现代艺术是抽象的，也就是说，画家并不打算把我们眼睛看到的东西如实地画出来，而是集中展现物体的某些品质特征，用色彩、线条和形状把它们呈现出来。而另一方面，有些现代派的艺术作品却是那么真实，看上去就像是照片。这些风格如此不同。谁能预言将来会有什么样的绘画风格？
高中英语选修6 Unit 1 A SHORT HISTORY OF WESTERN PAINTING Art is influenced by the customs and faith of a people. Styles in Western art have changed many times. As there are so many different styles of Western art, it would be impossible to describe all of them in such a short text. Consequently, this text will describe only the most important ones. Starting from the sixth century AD. The Middle Ages(5th to the 15th century AD) During the Middle Ages, the main aim of painters was to represent religious themes. A conventional artist of this period was not interested in showing nature and people as they really were. A typical picture at this time was full of religious symbols, which created a feeling of respect and love for God. But it was evident that ideas were changing in the 13th century when painters like Giotto di Bondone began to paint religious scenes in a more realistic way. The Renaissance(15th to 16th century) During the Renaissance, new ideas and values gradually replaced those held in the Middle Ages. People began to concentrate less on religious themes and adopt a more humanistic attitude to life. At the same time painters returned to classical Roman and Greek ideas about art. They tried to paint people and nature as they really were. Rich people wanted to possess their own paintings, so they could decorate their superb palaces and great houses. They paid famous artists to paint pictures of themselves, their houses and possessions as well as their activities and achievements. One of the most important discoveries during this period was how to draw things in perspective. This technique was first used by Masaccio in 1428. When people first saw his paintings, they were convinced that they were looking through a hole in a wall at a real scene. If the rules of perspective had not been discovered, no one would have been able to paint such realistic pictures. By coincidence, oil paints were also developed at this time, which made the colours used in paintings look richer and deeper. Without the new paints and the new technique, we would not be able to see the many great masterpieces for which this period is famous. Impressionism(late 19h to early 20th century) In the late 19th century, Europe changed a great deal, from a mostly agricultural society to a mostly industrial one. Many people moved from the countryside to the new cities. There were many new inventions and social changes also led to new painting styles. Among the painters who broke away from the traditional style of painting were the Impressionists, who lived and worked in Paris. The Impressionists were the first painters to work outdoors. They were eager to show how light and shadow fell on objects at different times of day. However, because natural light changes so quickly, the Impressionists had to paint quickly. Their paintings were not as detailed as those of earlier painters. At first, many people disliked this style of painting and became very angry about it. They said that the painters were careless and their paintings were ridiculous. Modern Art(29th century to today) At the time they were created, the Impressionist paintings were controversial, but today they are accepted as the beginning of what we call "modern art". This is because the
选修六Module 1 ⒈lack (1)Lack money/ experience/ time (2)Be lacking in (3)For lack of ①健康问题与不好的饮食习惯及缺乏锻炼有很大的关系。 Health problems are closely connected with bad eating habits and a lack of exercise. ②大城市因为缺乏空间建起了越来越多的高层建筑。 More and more high-rise buildings have been built in big cities for lack of space. ③由于缺乏睡眠，许多学生无法集中精力于学习上( 一句多译). Many students can’t concentrate on their studies for lack of sleep. Many students lack sleep, which makes it difficult for them to concentrate on their studies. Lacking sleep makes it difficult for many students to concentrate on their studies. Many students are lacking in sleep so that they can’t concentrate on their studies. ⒉advance Adj. 预先的在前的 预付款advance payment 提前做点某事do a little advance planning v.前进发展进步推动，将···提前 →advanced 先进的，高级的， advanced technology /society /courses n. in advance 提前、事先= ahead of time. ⒊In addition 此外，另外=besides, what’s more in addition to 除···之外= apart from// besides There’s a postage and packing fee in addition to the repair charge In addition , you need to know how long you should stay. Except //except for I cant take my holidays at any time except in August. The room is empty except for a bookshelf standing in the corner 4. favour 1）赞同，支持，喜爱 It remains to be seen if the show will still find favor with A 1990s audience. 这个节目是否能继续赢得90后观众的喜爱，还要拭目以待 2）恩惠，帮忙 帮某人一个忙do sb a favour 请某人帮个忙ask sb a favour= ask a favour of sb 支持赞成be in favour of →receive favorable comments 获得好评 ⒌absence 在某人不在时in one’s absence 缺席，不在be absent from 心不在焉的absent-minded ⒍Leave 让某人一个人呆着，不管Leave sb alone
第一学期期末考试 高二英语试卷 注：卷面分值150分；时间：120分钟。 第一部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题：每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A Peng Liyuan，wife of President Xi Jinping, has drawn extensive attention from people both at home and abroad for her charm and grace/politeness. Accompanying her husband on his first overseas trip after becoming president, Peng Liyuan showed a pleasant personality and well-chosen dress, creating the “Liyuan style”. Peng Liyuan, as one of China’s best-known singers, was popular among Chinese people long before her husband became the president. Loved by her fans, she has been in touch with the people for years. “Liyuan style” first lies in her dressing style. The beautiful handbags Peng has carried, and the plain but elegant dresses she has worn have become popular. Her choice of clothing, made-in-China instead of luxurious foreign brands, shows her belief in domestic dress designs. But “Liyuan style” is not only about clothing. It is also about diplomacy and promoting China’s soft power. In Moscow, Peng visited a boarding school for orphans and children away from their parents, encouraging them to struggle for a better life, which brought out the maternal side of her character. In Tanzania, she donated sewing machines and school bags to women and children. And as a World Health Organization ambassador in the fight against AIDS, Peng is devoted to many public causes, including those relating to charity and healthcare. 1. What’s the meaning of the underlined word “domestic”? A. of elegance B. popular C. of own country D. foreign 2. This passage is mainly about__________. A. President Xi’s wife Peng B. a cultural phenomenon named as “Liyuan style” C. Peng Liyuan’s charming character D. the achievements of Peng on charity and healthcare. 3. Which of the following statements is TRUE? A. “Liyuan style” is only a fashion idol. B. Peng Liyuan, as the wife of President Xi, admires lots of luxurious brands. C. Peng firstly appears in the publ ic as the “First Lady” in Moscow. D. Peng Liyuan is willing to fight against AIDS and become an ambassador of WHO. B Volunteering Just like the animals we shelter, people are very special to us. The Animal Shelter of Sacramento County has 300 active volunteers and always wants to add more. If you have a few hours each week and a love for dogs and cats, we at the shelter welcome your coming. Children 10 years of age or older are allowed to take part in some of our programs as youth volunteers when accompanied (陪伴) by an adult. The adult car be a parent, or guardian (监护人) 18 years of age or olden Youth V olunteer Opportunities Youth volunteers may fill the position of dog nuzzler, cat snuggler, or kennel aide, if there are openings. Please call our volunteer information hotline at 800-290-5992 to hear a recording of the positions available. Dog Nuzzlers
选修六 Unit 1 △realistic adj. 现实主义的；逼真的；现实的abstract adj. 抽象的；深奥的n. 摘要 sculpture n. 雕塑 △sculptor n. 雕刻家；雕塑家 gallery n. 美术陈列室；画廊 faith n. 信任；信心；信念 faithfully adv. 忠实地 △consequently adv. 所以；因而 aim n. 目标；目的vi. & vt. 瞄准；（向某方向）努力 conventional adj. 常规的；传统的；因循守旧的typical adj. 典型的；有代表性的 evident adj. 明显的；明白的 △Giotto di Bondone 乔托（意大利画家、雕刻家、建 筑师） △renaissance n. 新生；复兴；复活 △the Renaissance 文艺复兴（时期） adopt vt. 采用；采纳；收养 △humanistic adj. 人道主义的 possess vt. 拥有；具有；支配 possession n. （尤作复数）所有；财产 superb adj. 卓越的；杰出的；极好的 △perspective n. 透视画法；透视图；观点technique n. 技术；方法；技能 △Masaccio 马萨乔（意大利画家） coincidence n. 巧合（的事）；（事情、口味、故事 等）相合 by coincidence 巧合地 △masterpiece n. 杰作；名著 △impressionism n. 印象主义； 印象派△impressionist adj. 印象派的n. 印象派艺术家 △post-impressionist adj. 后印象派的n. 后印象派 艺术家 a great deal 大量 shadow n. 阴影；影子 ridiculous adj. 荒谬的；可笑的 controversial adj. 争论的；争议的 attempt n. 努力；尝试；企图vt. 尝试；企图 on the other hand (可是)另一方面 predict vt. 预言；预告；预测 △landscape n. 风景；景色 specific adj. 确切的；特定的 figure n. 画像；身材；数字 clay n. 黏土 △critic n. 评论家；批评者 △bronze n. 青铜；青铜色；青铜制艺术品 marble n. 大理石 △Mona Lisa 蒙娜丽莎（达芬奇所作的一幅著名肖像 画） △Leonardo da Vinc i 列奥纳多?达?芬奇（意大利著名 画家） carve vt. 雕刻；刻记 delicate adj. 脆弱的；容易生病的；精致的 △Michelangelo 米开朗基罗（意大利文艺复兴雕刻家、 画家、建筑师和诗人） △canvas n. 帆布；画布 △Picasso 毕加索（西班牙画家） cafén. 咖啡馆；小餐馆 allergic adj. 过敏性的；对……过敏的 △effectively adv. 有效地 exhibition n. 展览；陈列；展览会 aggressive adj. 敢作敢为的；侵略的；好斗的 scholar n. 学者 flesh n. 肉；肌肉；肉体 in the flesh 活着的；本人 △Matisse 马蒂斯（法国画家） geometry n. 几何学 bunch n. 束；串 △ Manhattan n. 曼哈顿岛；曼哈顿区（纽约市中心） avenue n. 林荫道；道路；大街 preference n. 喜爱；偏爱 △Guggenheim Museum 古根海姆博物馆 △display vt. 展示；陈列；显露 appeal vi. 有感染力；呼吁；求助vt. 将……上诉 n. 呼吁；恳求 appeal to （对某人）有吸引力；（使某人）感兴趣 fragile adj. 精细的；易碎的；脆弱的 △circular adj. 圆形的；环形的；循环的 △metropolitan adj. 主要都市的；大城市的 reputation n. 名声；名誉 civilization n. 文明；文化；文明社会 Egypt n. 埃及（东北非国家） Egyptian adj. 埃及的；埃及人的 visual adj. 视觉的；看得见的 fragrant adj. 香的；令人愉快的 △Monet 莫奈（法国画家） △Whitney 惠特尼 △Madison n. 麦迪逊 contemporary adj. 当代的； 同时代的 permanent adj. 永久的；持久的 district n. 区；区域；行政区 committee n. 委员会 signature n. 署名；签字 Unit 2 △poetry n. 诗（总称）；诗意 tick vt. 给……标记号