最新初中英语八年级英语下册阅读理解易错题精选1
一、八年级英语下册阅读理解专项练习（含答案解析）
1．阅读下面短文，根据短文内容判断所给句子对错。
Johnny is a lovely fish. He lives in the sea. He is very lonely. He wants to find a friend. And the friend looks like him. Johnny sees an ink fish. The ink fish has eight legs. He doesn't look like Johnny. So Johnny goes away.
Johnny meets a shark. He wants to say hello to the shark. But the shark opens his big mouth and wants to cat him. Johnny runs away quickly.
Johnny is tired and hungry. He wants to have a rest. Then he sees a round fish. She says to him." Hello! Would you like to be my friend?"
Johnny answers," Of course! But you are round, I am fat. You don't look like me." The round fish says," But we are both fishes."
Johnny thinks and says," You are right. Let's be friends." They become good friends.
（1）Johnny wants to have a friend because he feels lonely.
（2）The ink fish doesn't like Johnny. So Johnny goes away.
（3）Johnny meets four fishes in the passage.
（4）It's clear that the round fish doesn't look like Johnny.
（5）The round fish became Johnny's friend at last.
【答案】（1）1
（2）0
（3）0
（4）1
（5）1
【解析】【分析】文章大意：Johnny找朋友，最后与圆鱼成了好朋友。
（1）根据文中的语句He is very lonely. He wants to find a friend. 可知，Johnny感到孤独，所以想结交朋友，故选正确。
（2）根据文中的语句The ink fish has eight legs. He doesn't look like Johnny. So Johnny goes away.理解可知，墨鱼有八条腿，与Johnny的长相不一样，Johnny就走开了，故选错误，（3）通读全文可知，Johnny 遇到了墨鱼，鲨鱼和圆鱼共三种鱼，故选错误。
（4）根据文中的语句Johnny answers," Of course! But you are round, I am fat. You don't look like me."可知，圆鱼与Johnny长得不一样，故选正确。
（5）根据文中的语句Johnny thinks and says," You are right. Let's be friends." They become good friends.理解可知，圆鱼与Johnny成为了好朋友，故选正确。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文主要考查细节理解题，首先仔细阅读文后的问题，弄清问题的大意；然后带着问题阅读短文，抓住关键信息，选择正确答案。
2．阅读理解
As a volunteer teacher, I travelled a long way to a small village school in Longzhou, Guangxi. On my way there, I thought about the village, the school, and the children there. However, my heart
sank when I arrived there. It wasn't what I expected. It didn't look like a school at all. The school had only 3 rooms, one for Grades 1, 2 and 3, and another for Grades 4, 5 and 6. There was a third one for me.
The children welcomed me warmly on my first day. They asked me a lot of questions, and I told them stories and my life in Shanghai. The next day, I gave then a test to find out their level. To my surprise, although the test was very easy, over half of them failed it, yet they all wanted to learn new things. I knew they needed me.
I am busy preparing lessons, and reading test papers every night. I enjoyed teaching these lovely and hardworking children, and I could see that they were making progress with my help. I have also learned a lot from them. I understand their lives better and we are now good friends.
I have worked in Longzhou for a year now. I'm very happy, and the expeerience has been very useful for me. I love the small village and the children. In fact, I would like to continue working here.
（1）In the passage, "my heart sank…"means that the writer .
A. felt excited
B. was happy
C. felt sad
D. was angry
（2）The writer found the students' level was she expected after the first test.
A. just as
B. higher than
C. lower than
D. as low as
（3）What does the writer think of her experience in Longzhou?
A. It is boring.
B. It is silly.
C. It is meaningless.
D. It is useful.
【答案】（1）C
（2）C
（3）D
【解析】【分析】短文大意：作者去贵州一所学校餐馆，学校建设很破旧，学生成绩很差，作者很喜欢这份工作，这段经历对作者而言很有用，作者想继续在那里工作。
（1）推断题。根据文章提到的 It didn't look like a school at all. 可知，这个学校看起来不像学校，因而作者感到很悲伤，故选C。
（2）细节题。根据文章提到的To my surprise, although the test was very easy, over half of them failed it, yet they all wanted to learn new things 可知，那里的学生学习成绩很差，故选C。
（3）细节题。根据文章提到的 and the expeerience has been very useful for me 可知，作者认为这次经历对他很有用，故选D。
【点评】考查细节题和推断题，做细节题的时候，熟悉文章大意，熟悉问题，带着问题到文章找出答案，即可，做推断题，联系上下文，确定句子的意义，即可。
3．阅读理解
Long long ago, there was a blacksmith（铁匠）. He was always unhappy with his life. "I'm always hot as a blacksmith. I want to be a stone on the mountain. There it must be cool." A wise
man could change everything. The blacksmith went to the wise man. The wise man said, "Be a stone!" The blacksmith became a stone. A moment later, a stonemason（石匠） came and saw the stone. "It's what I want," he said and began to cut it. The stone cried, "Ouch! I don't want to be a stone. I want to be the sun. That would be great." The wise man said, "Be the sun!" And he became the sun. But the sun was much hotter, so he said, "I don't like this. I'd like to be the moon. It looks cool!" The wise man said again, "Be the moon!" And he became the moon. "This is hotter than being the sun, because the light from the sun shines（照射）on me" he said, "I don't want to be the moon. I want to be a blacksmith again. That's the best life."
But the wise man said, "I'm tired of your changing. You want to be the moon, now you are the moon, and you'll be the moon in the future."
（1）Why did the blacksmith want to be a stone on the mountain?
A. Because he didn't like working.
B. Because he thought a stone was very happy.
C. Because he thought being a stone was cool.
D. Because a stone on the mountain could see everything.
（2）What's the right order that the blacksmith changed?
A. the sun----the moon----the stone
B. the stone----the moon----the sun
C. the moon----the sun----the stone
D. the stone----the sun----the moon
（3）What's the best title for this text?
A. The Hottest Work
B. A Poor Blacksmith
C. Enjoy Your Present （目前的）Life
D. Different kinds of life
【答案】（1）C
（2）D
（3）C
【解析】【分析】短文大意：短文讲述了铁匠的三次变化。铁匠不满意现在的生活，请求智者帮助，智者把他变成了石头、太阳和月亮，最后厌倦了铁匠的变化请求而让他一直做月亮。铁匠没有把握好当初的生活而后悔变成了现在的样子，可知享受当前的生活很重要。
（1）考查细节理解。根据I want to be a stone on the mountain. There it must be cool.，可知他他认为作文一块石头是很酷的事情，故选C。
（2）考查细节排序。根据短文内容：The wise man said, “Be a stone!” The blacksmith became a stone.… The wise man said, “Be the sun!” And he became the sun. …The wise man said again, “Be the moon!” And he became the moon.，可知the stone----the sun----the moon是正确顺序，故选D。
（3）考查标题归纳。根据最后铁匠的想法I want to be a blacksmith again. That's the best life.，结合文中的三次改变，铁匠没有把握好当初的生活而后悔变成了现在的样子，可知享
受当前的生活很重要，故选C。
【点评】此题考查阅读理解。原文材料迅速浏览，掌握全文的主旨大意。细读题材，各个击破。掌握全文的大意之后，细细阅读每篇材料后的问题，弄清每题要求后，带着问题，再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息。对于捕获到的信息，要做认真分析，仔细推敲，理解透彻，以便于找出问题答案。抓住主题句，就不难确定文章的最佳标题。
4．阅读理解
One morning, I was driving my father-in-law to the airport when a plane flew silently over the road like a big bird, about to touch down at the airport.
"It's magic," my father-in-law said. I looked at him, without knowing what was happening.
He was a doctor who gave speeches at colleges and had visited more than 100 countries. He understood better than I why a plane can fly in the sky. It, really, wasn't magic. But now, I realize he was at least right in some way.
Though flying might not be magic, it's certainly magical. What it brings to our real lives is something found in our dreams.
But too often, we, especially I forget. I read a sentence a few months ago. It said, "You know you're growing-up when you no longer want a window seat."
Too often in recent years, I've asked for a seat near the exit row, forgetting the wonders of traveling fast. But sometimes, when the Wi-Fi's not working or my computer has no power, I remember to look.
I think of one time when I was leaving on a family vacation. Moments after take-off, I started working. But a passenger behind me wouldn't stop talking. "The clouds!" he kept saying, "Look at the clouds!"
I turned around, and saw two men, one who appeared to be in his seventies and the other much younger. The chat continued for 20 minutes until, not patiently, I raised my eyes from my computer screen and looked out of the window.
The clouds!
He was right. We were floating through big soft balls of cotton, each in different shapes. They seemed easy enough to touch. The afternoon sun provided all kinds of colors, all against a blue sky. I put away my computer and appreciated（欣赏）them for the rest of the flight.
I don't remember the work I felt like I had to complete that afternoon. I've never forgotten those clouds.
（1）The writer thinks flying is "magical" because .
A. he wonders why a plane can fly
B. it has changed human lives in some ways
C. he thinks planes have magic powers
D. it can fly silently over the road like a big bird
（2）What is the meaning of the underlined sentence in the 6th paragraph?
A. Where people grow up, their minds slow down.
B. When people grow up, they do not like changes.
C. Grown-ups often care too much about day-to-day work.
D. Grown-ups care little about the speed of travelling by plane.
（3）How did the writer feel first when he listened to the chat for 20 minutes?
A. Unhappy.
B. Excited.
C. Interested.
D. Nervous.
（4）Which of the following is probably the best title for the passage?
A. Is it a wonder?
B. Is it magic?
C. What soft clouds!
D. What a strange flight!
【答案】（1）B
（2）C
（3）A
（4）B
【解析】【分析】本文讲述了作者乘飞机的经历，启发我们要注意发现身边的美。
（1）细节题。根据第四段it's certainly magical. What it brings to our lives is something found in our dreams.它给我们的生活带来的是我们在梦中发现的东西，可知它在某些方面改变了人类的生活，故选B。
（2）推断题。根据下文But sometimes，when the Wi-Fi's not working or my computer has no power，I remember to look.，可知过于关注日常工作了，结合选项，故选C。
（3）细节题。根据第八段The chat continued for 20 minutes until，not patiently，I raised my eyes from my computer screen and looked out of the window.不耐烦地从电脑屏幕上抬起眼睛看着窗外，可知他们的谈话扰乱了作者的工作，导致作者不高兴，故选A。
（4）主旨题。A.Is it a wonder？这是奇迹吗？B.Is it magic？这是魔法吗？C. What soft clouds！多么柔软的云啊！D. What a strange flight！多么奇怪的飞行啊！根据短文内容，可知是由岳父的话It's magic引出了文中的话题，是本文的线索，故选B。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题和主旨题三种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。
5．阅读理解
Is stress from work or school making you sick? If so, you may belong to a growing number of people suffering from serious stress. Experts have called the problem the "Black Death of the 21st century." The original Black Death is estimated （据估计） to have killed 25 million people in Europe in the 14th century. While no one expects stress to be quite that deadly, it is still a serious matter.
A recent study has shown that stress can affect our ability to go to work. Stress is now the number one reason workers stay home sick four continuous （不间断） weeks or more.
What has led to the growing stress felt in the workplace? The bad economic situation is a major reason. Record numbers of layoffs （裁员）have increased workers' worry about losing their jobs. Layoffs have also increased the amount of work workers are expected to do. People then work longer hours, which often creates problems for them at home, causing even more stress.
According to Professor Cary Cooper, writer of over 120 books, stress often leads to changes in manner of acting. You may notice that you're having a hard time centering around things. You may find yourself losing your temper （脾气）easily. You might even seem to have lost your
sense of humor. Other stress-related problems include difficulty in sleeping, overeating or drinking in excess.
Stress must be managed by workers themselves and by the company. Workers can take steps to manage stress. They can create a suitable plan and have breaks from time to time. Bosses can help by showing workers that their opinions may be important. They can also allow workers to have some say in decisions that matter their jobs.
Everyone should work together to look for ways to cope with on-the-job stress.
（1）What does the article point out about the "Black Death" today?
A. A kind of serious disease.
B. A bad social situation especially in your work place.
C. A relationship between you and your boss.
D. A lonely feeling about how you make a living.
（2）According to the passage, if you have been home sick more than usual, that means ______.
A. you have failed to manage your work
B. something goes wrong with your body or mind
C. stress may be the main cause
D. you are expected to stay at home to improve your ability for work
（3）How do you notice that you have had the problem of stress?
A. You may spend time with friends and loved ones.
B. You are worrying about losing your job.
C. Your boss gives you a chance to express something valuable.
D. You are impatient with others.
（4）Among all of the following words, which of the two will you choose to describe paragraph 3
and paragraph 4?
① Ways ② Signs③ Causes④ Habits ⑤ Reviews
A. ⑤&②
B. ③&②
C. ⑤&④
D. ③&
①
【答案】（1）B
（2）C
（3）D
（4）B
【解析】【分析】短文大意：本文关注的是压力问题，指出压力会影响我们的工作能力，
是员工连续四周或更长时间生病在家的首要原因。文章分析了导致工作压力越来越大的原
因，描述了因压力而导致的人们行为方式的改变，提出了缓解压力的合理化建议，呼吁每
个人都应该一起努力寻找解决工作压力的方法。
（1）考查细节理解。根据开头Is stress from work or school making you sick? If so, you may belong to a growing number of people suffering from serious stress. Experts have called the problem the "Black Death of the 21st century."，可知工作或学校的压力会让人得上"黑死病
"，故选B。
（2）考查细节理解。根据Stress is now the number one reason workers stay home sick four continuous weeks or more. 压力是员工连续四周或更长时间生病在家的首要原因，可知如果
生病在家的次数比平时多，说明压力很大，故选C。
（3）考查细节理解题。根据stress often leads to changes in manner of acting.联系下文You may notice that you're having a hard time centering around things.等原因，可知压力常常会导致行为方式的改变，比如第四点You are impatient with others.故选D。
（4）考查段意理解。①方式②标志③原因④习惯⑤复习。根据第三段What has led to the growing stress felt in the workplace? The bad economic situation is a major reason.，可知分析了导致压力的原因（③ Causes）；根据第四段According to Professor Cary Cooper, writer of over 120 books, stress often leads to changes in manner of acting.，可知列举了有压力问题的表现（② Signs），故选B。
【点评】此题考查阅读理解。先从短文中直接找到细节理解题的问题的答案。对于段落大意，要仔细阅读这个段落，根据段落的内容确定段落大意。
6．阅读理解
Little girl Amelia Hallows lives in the UK and she is only five years old .She likes school and…"helping" her teachers.
Amelia started reading when she was three. Different from other children of her age，she is crazy about reading and likes copying things from books and magazines. What's more，she has another special hobby—correcting others' spelling mistakes .Even though the others are her teachers, she is still open with them.
One day, Amelia was doing her homework. It was a matching exercise. Suddenly she found the word "deer" was misspelled "dear". She circled the mistake and wrote "It is spelled deer"， on her paper. Then she showed the homework to her mom.
Her mother said，"She just looked really proud of herself and she said, 'It is wrong and I will tell my teacher.'" Amelia's mom is proud of her daughter, too. She said, "She's really interested in words and reading. She always gets a book in her hand."
（1）Amelia began to read at the age of________.
A. 5
B. 4
C. 3
D. 6
（2）Amelia is different from other children because she________.
A. is crazy about dancing
B. is crazy about coping from TV
C. is good at teaching her friends
D. likes correcting others' spelling mistakes
（3）Amelia's mother is proud of her daughter because her daughter________.
A. can't find the teacher's mistakes
B. enjoys reading books all the time
C. can help others with grammar
D. shows her homework to her teachers
（4）Which of the following is TRUE?
A. Amelia doesn't like her school.
B. Amelia can help her teachers.
C. Amelia isn't interested in reading books.
D. Amelia doesn't show interest in copying things from magazines.
【答案】（1）C
（2）D
（3）B
（4）B
【解析】【分析】本文讲述了一个爱读书的女孩Amelia。
（1）细节题。根据 Amelia started reading when she was three ，可知Amelia三岁时开始读书，故选C。
（2）细节题。根据 she has another special hobby—correcting others' spelling mistakes ，可知她喜欢纠正别人的拼写错误，故选D。
（3）细节题。根据Amelia's mom is proud of her daughter, too. She said, "She's really interested in words and reading ，可知可知Amelia的妈妈很骄傲因为她总是喜欢读书，故选B。
（4）推理题。根据 Even though the others are her teachers, she is still open with them. 可知Amelia能帮助她的老师是对的，故选B。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题2种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息。
7．阅读短文，选择正确的选项。
Australia is the greatest island in the world .It is to the south of the equator （赤道）. So when it is summer in our country, it is cold winter in Australia.
Australia is big, but the population （人口） there is thin. The population is the same as that of Shanghai, a city of China. Australia is a young, diverse nation and the Australian people come from many different countries.
Australia has many, many sheep. After a short drive from town, you will see sheep around you. You can also find a kangaroo which has a "bag" below its chest. The mother kangaroo keeps its babies in the "bag".
Australia is considered to be a relaxed, informal society. When greeting others, students and young people usually say "Hello" or "Hi". Sometimes they say "How's it going？" or "Good day". In more formal （正式的） situations they usually shake hands the first time they meet. "Good morning", "Good afternoon" or "Pleased to meet you" are formal greetings. English is Australia's national language.
（1）Australia is the greatest island in the world .The word "island" means ________.
A. 国家
B. 城市
C. 山脉
D. 岛屿（2）Australia has the same population as ________.
A. Shanghai
B. China
C. Beijing
D. Japan
（3）When it is summer in Australia, it is ________ in China.
A. spring
B. autumn
C. winter
D. summer
（4）When Australian people meet for the first time, they will ________.
A. kiss each other
B. hug （拥抱） each other
C. nod to each other
D. shake hands 【答案】（1）D
（2）A
（3）C
（4）D
【解析】【分析】主要讲了世界上最大的岛——澳大利亚。
（1）细节题。根据Australia is the greatest island in the world澳大利亚是世界上最大的岛屿，所以island意思是岛屿，故选D。
（2）细节题。根据The population is the same as that of Shanghai可知澳大利亚入口和上海入口一样，故选A。
（3）细节题。根据So when it is summer in our country, it is cold winter in Australia.可知澳大利亚是冬天时中国是夏天，即中国夏天，澳大利亚冬天，故选C。
（4）细节题。根据In more formal （正式的）situations they usually shake hands the first time they meet. "Good morning", "Good afternoon" or "Pleased to meet you" are formal greetings.可知澳大利亚人第一次见面握手，故选D。
【点评】考查阅读理解，主要考查细节题，注意从文中仔细寻找答案。
8．阅读理解
A lovely rabbit, a cute hamster, some colourful fish, a strange-looking turtle, a snake... What kind of pet would you like? Lots of kids love animals and dream of having a pet.
But not every family can have a pet. So, in many Western countries such as America, Britain and Australia, primary and middle school classes have their own pets. Looking after a pet is not as easy as you may think! Fish and turtles need clean water and the right food. Hamsters and rabbits need fresh vegetables and a warm place to sleep. Even little mice need good care! What would you feed a pet mouse on? How about snakes?
Class pets teach kids about nature and being responsible. Sometimes the pets have babies. It's very exciting but it also means more animals will be taken care of!
Students take turns to take care of their class pets. Every week the pets have a new "mum and dad" to look after them.
You may want to know what happens to the class pets during school holidays. At the end of term, the teacher chooses a responsible student. This lucky student keeps the pet at his or her home for the holidays.
（1）Animals are mentioned （提到） in the passage as a pet EXCEPT .
A. hamsters
B. snakes
C. rabbits
D. elephants
（2）Which of the following statements is TRUE?
A. Some families can have pets in Western countries.
B. Fish and turtles only need clean water and the right food.
C. Looking after a pet is as easy as you may think.
D. Little mice don't need good care.
（3）What do the underlined words "mum and dad" mean?
A. Pets' parents.
B. Teachers.
C. Students who take care of pets.
D. Kids who love animals.
（4）What do students get from keeping pets?
A. Knowledge about nature.
B. Being responsible.
C. Class pets.
D. Both A and B
【答案】（1）D
（2）A
（3）C
（4）D
【解析】【分析】文章大意：许多西方国家，中小学班级都有自己的宠物。重点介绍了班级宠物是怎样被照顾的。
（1）细节理解题。根据文中的语句A lovely rabbit, a cute hamster, some colourful fish, a strange-looking turtle, a snake... 理解可知，作为宠物的动物有兔子，海龟，彩色鱼还有蛇，但是没有把大象作为宠物的，故选D。
（2）细节理解题。根据文中语句But not every family can have a pet. 理解可知，有些家庭有宠物，选项A正确；根据语句Fish and turtles need clean water and the right food. 可知，鱼和海龟需要干净的水和适当的食物。选项B描述错误；根据语句 Looking after a pet is not as easy as you may think!可知选项C描述错误；根据语句Even little mice need good care! 可知选项D描述错误，故选A。
（3）理解推断题。根据文中的语句Students take turns to take care of their class pets. Every week the pets have a new "mum and dad" to look after them.理解可知，学生们轮流照顾小宠物，充当父母的角色，所谓的爸爸妈妈就是小学生，故选C。
（4）细节理解题，根据文中的语句Class pets teach kids about nature and being responsible. 理解可知，班上的宠物教会孩子们自然和负责任。故选D。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文主要考查细节理解题，首先仔细阅读文后的问题，弄清问题的大意；然后带着问题阅读短文，抓住关键信息，选择正确答案。
9．阅读理解
What will life be like in 2050
Life will probably be very different in 2050 in all the fields, from entertainment to technology. TV channels will disappear in 2050. People will choose a programme from a "menu" and a computer will send the programme directly to the television.
Water wilt become one of our most serious problems. Today in many places, agriculture is developing and people are growing fruit and vegetables to export（出口）. This needs a lot of water. Need for water will increase ten times between now and 2050 and there will be serious shortages（短缺）.
In transportation, computers will control the speed of the ears and there won't be any accidents. Today, many cars have computers that tell drivers exactly where they are. By 2050, the computer will control the car and drive it to where you want to go. Besides, space planes will take people halfway around the world in two hours. Nowadays, the United States Shuttle can go into space and land on Earth again. By 2050, space planes will fly all over the world and people will fly
from Los Angeles to Tokyo in just two hours.
In the field of technology, robots will replace people in many fields. Today many factories have already used robots. Big companies prefer robots because they do not ask for pay rises or go on strikes, and they work 24 hours a day. By 2050, we will see robots everywhere—in factories, schools, offices, hospitals, shops and homes.
（1）TV channels will in 2050.
A. disappear
B. appear
C. be more expensive
D. be cheaper
（2）How many times will water use increase between now and ______.
A. Five times.
B. Eight times.
C. Ten times.
D. Eleven times.（3）What will NOT happen to cars in 2050?
A. There will be no accidents.
B. Computers will control the speed of cars.
C. Computers will tell drivers where exactly they are.
D. Computers will control the cars and drive the cars to where you want to go.
（4）Big companies prefer robots NOT because ____________.
A. they will replace people
B. they can work a long time
C. they won't complain
D. they do not go on strikes
【答案】（1）A
（2）C
（3）C
（4）A
【解析】【分析】大意：文章主要讨论了2050年的生活。
（1）细节理解题。根据第二段TV channels will disappear in 2050. 可知，2050年电视频道会消失。故选A。
（2）细节理解题。根据第三段 Need for water will increase ten times between now .可知，用水量会增加十倍。故选C。
（3）推理判断题。根据第四段Today, many cars have computers that tell drivers exactly where they are. 可知，现在的汽车就会告诉主人他们准确的位置，不需要等到2050年。故选C。
（4）细节理解题。根据最后一段 Big companies prefer robots because they do not ask for pay rises or go on strikes, and they work 24 hours a day.可知，大公司更喜欢机器人是因为他们不会要求涨工资、罢工，并且它们可以一天工作24个小时，而不是因为他们可以取代人类。故选A。
【点评】考查阅读理解，首先快速浏览、分析问题，抓住关键词；其次带着问题通读全文，了解文章大意，找到依据，确定答案；最后再检查一遍，确保答案正确。
10．阅读理解
Many animals are in danger of dying out. We can see the number of animal species decreases faster and faster and this trend will continue. From 1980 to 2010, at least I million animal species disappeared. Worse still, more and more wild animals are in great danger. It is not a piece of
terrible news; it is a fact, a harsh reality. Unfortunately, we may not see these animals in the near future.
Why is the number of animal species declining year by year? Apparently animals have become victims of fashion industry. Animal skin has been used to make fashionable clothes and these clothes are sold at a high price. So some greedy people begin to kill animals in a large quantity. This irresponsible behaviour not only breaks the balance of nature but also endangers the living environment of human beings.
As far as I am concerned, something must be done to stop this illegal action. We believe "no buying, no killing". First, we must make concerning laws to protect these animals in danger. Second, we must take some measures to protect animals effectively. Animals are our friends and part of our environment. Third, we should raise people's awareness to protect animals and our environment. In this way, we can build a harmonious society and ensure a sustainable development.
（1）From the first paragraph, we Can learn that
A. the number of animal species decreases faster and faster
B. the number of animal species increases faster and faster
C. the number of animal species increases more and more
D. the number of animals increases more and more.
（2）When did at least 1 million animal species disappear?
A. From 1908 to 2010.
B. From 1980 to 2011.
C. From 1980 to 2010.
D. From 1981 to 2010.
（3）Where did animal skin go?
A. The museums.
B. Home.
C. The fashion clothes factories.
D. The libraries.（4）Which of the following is NOT true according to Paragraph 3?
A. We must make laws to protect these animals in danger.
B. We must take some measures to protect animals effectively.
C. We should raise people's awareness to protect animals and our environment.
D. We should breed wild animals.
【答案】（1）A
（2）C
（3）C
（4）D
【解析】【分析】大意：文章主要介绍了动物物种消失的的现状、原因，以及作者的呼吁。
（1）段落大意题。根据第一段 We can see the number of animal species decreases faster and faster and this trend will continue. 可知，第一段主要强调了动物种类数量减少的速度越来越快了。故选A。
（2）细节理解题。根据第一段From 1980 to 2010, at least I million animal species disappeared. 可知，1980年—2010年间，至少有一百万种动物消失了。故选C。
（3）细节理解题。根据第二段Animal skin has been used to make fashionable clothes .可知，动物的皮肤被用来做时尚的衣物。故选C。
（4）推理判断题。根据第三段 First, we must make concerning laws to protect these animals in danger. 我们应该制定相关法律；和 Second, we must take some measures to protect animals effectively.我们应该采取一些有效措施；以及Third, we should raise people's awareness to protect animals and our environment. 我们应该提高保护动物和环境的意识，可知并没有提到我们应该喂养野生动物，D表述错误。故选D。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题和段落大意题三种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；段落大意题需要通读整段，了解大意之后找出中心思想。
11．阅读理解
Rock climbing did not become a sport until late in the 1900s. But now it has become a popular outdoor activity. While rock climbing may still be necessary for mountain climbing most people just climb low hills for fun.
If you have ever done rock climbing, you will know that it is not a very easy sport. Indoor and outdoor rock climbing both need practice most people don't know that rock climbing sports that depend on your body and mind.
To climb success fully, one must use wonderful skills. One of the important rules is to always have three parts of your body on the rock face. Another important rule is that your arms only hold you close to the rock face while your legs are pushing you up, the closer you are to the rock face, the easier it is to climb.
Rock climbing is a wonderful sport. Once you start to learn how to climb, you'll find more Tu. People who like games such as chess playing or problem-solving may love rock climbing because they are nearly the same in the way of thinking. For anyone who wants to get into beautiful shape, rock climbing is a fun and good way. Anyone who enjoys a difficult game and loves the outdoors should think of taking rock climbing as a new hobby.
（1）When did rock climbing become a sport?
A. In 1900.
B. Late in the 1900s.
C. Early in the 1900s.
D. In the middle of the 1900s.（2）What does rock climbing depend on?
A. It depends on your brain.
B. It depends on your hobby.
C. It depends on your interests.
D. It depends on your body and mind.
（3）Why may the chess players like rock climbing?
A. They really like to do sports.
B. They'd like to get into beautiful shape.
C. It is more interesting than chess playing.
D. It is like chess playing in the way of thinking.（4）Who should think of taking rock climbing as a new hobby?
A. People who love music.
B. People who love dancing
C. People who enjoy indoor activities.
D. People who enjoy a difficult game and love the outdoors.
（5）What can we learn from the passage?
A. Rock climbing is a very easy sport.
B. When you climb, your arms push you up.
C. Rock climbing is a kind of indoor and outdoor activity.
D. The closer you are to the rock face, the more difficult it is to climb.
【答案】（1）B
（2）D
（3）D
（4）D
（5）C
【解析】【分析】主要讲了一项受欢迎的户外运动——攀岩，及攀岩的规则。
（1）细节题。根据Rock climbing did not become a sport until late in the 1900s.可知攀岩直到20世纪末的一项活动，故选B。
（2）细节题。根据most people don't know that rock climbing sports that depend on your body and mind.可知大部分人不知道攀岩依靠身心，故选D。
（3）细节题。根据People who like games such as chess playing or problem-solving may love rock climbing because they are nearly the same in the way of thinking.可知喜欢像下象棋或者解决问题游戏的人喜爱攀岩，因为他们在思考方式上几乎一样，故选D。
（4）细节题。根据Anyone who enjoys a difficult game and loves the outdoors should think of taking rock climbing as a new hobby.可知喜欢困难的游戏和喜欢户外运动的人把攀岩看做是一种新爱好，故选D。
（5）细节题。根据Indoor and outdoor rock climbing both need practice可知户内和户外攀岩都需要练习，故选C。
【点评】考查阅读理解，主要考查细节题，注意从文中仔细寻找答案。
12．阅读理解
Welcome to our bookstore!
War and Peace- -By Leo Tolstoy
It is one of Tolstoy's finest achievements. After you read it, you can have
a better understanding of Russian people and their lives.
Price: 68 yuan （If you buy it on New Year's Day, you can just pay half.）
Notre-Dame de Paris- -By Victor Hugo
The love story between the beautiful woman and the terrible-looking
man touches people's hearts. Hugo teaches people to love beauty and
truth.
Price: 36 yuan （If you buy it on our website, you can only pay 30
yuan.）
The Red and the Black- -By Stendhal
It describes the fight between a man and the society and it gives a full
picture of the French society.
Price: 36 yuan （If you buy two copies, you can get a beautiful cup for
free.）
Oliver Twist- By Charles Dickens It is about how an orphan （孤儿）
works hard to achieve his success. Inspired （受启迪）by it, Disney
made the film Oliver & Company in 1988.
Price: 19 yuan （Every Monday, it's on sale for 12 yuan.）
A. The Red and the Black
B. Oliver Twist
C. War and Peace
D. Notre Dame de Paris （2）We can buy Notre Dame de Paris at a lower price if we______.
A. buy it on New Year's Day
B. buy it on the website
C. buy two copies at a time
D. buy it in the bookstore on Monday
（3）Jim can get ______ for free if he buys two copies of The Red and the Black.
A. a cup
B. a CD
C. a hat
D. a pen
（4）Jim will pay ______if he buys two Notre Dame de Paris on the Internet and one Oliver Twist on Monday.
A. 91 yuan
B. 72 yuan
C. 84 yuan
D. 74 yuan
（5）What is Oliver Twist about?
A. A war.
B. A love story.
C. The French society.
D. An orphan's success.
【答案】（1）C
（2）B
（3）A
（4）B
（5）D
【解析】【分析】文章大意：短文介绍书店里的四本书，分别是《战争与和平》，《巴黎圣母院》，《红与黑》和《雾都孤儿》。
（1）细节理解题，根据对于《战争与和平》的陈述可知，它可以更好地让我们了解俄罗斯人和他们的生活，故答案是C。
（2）细节理解题，根据Price: 36 yuan （If you buy it on our website, you can only pay 30 yuan.可知，在网上买《巴黎圣母院》会更便宜，故答案是B。
（3）细节理解题，根据If you buy two copies, you can get a beautiful cup for free.可知，一次买两本，可以免费领取一只精美的茶杯，故答案是A。
（4）数字计算题，根据If you buy it on our website, you can only pay 30 yuan.（Every Monday, it's on sale for 12 yuan.可知，在网上买两本《巴黎圣母院》花60元，周一买一
本《雾都孤儿》需要12元，一共需要72元，故答案是B。
（5）细节理解题，根据It is about how an orphan （孤儿） works hard to achieve his success.可知，《雾都孤儿》是关于一个孤儿努力工作，走向成功的事，故答案是D。【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节理解题和数字计算题。细节理解题要可以直接从文中寻找答案；数字计算题需要根据文中的数字进行简单地计算获得答案。
13．阅读理解
A new report says promising children money to pass exams does not help exam grades. The report says parents may waste their money by using it to get their kids to study more.
However, the promise of a trip could encourage students to try harder and do better at school. Scientists looked at how promises of money and tickets to shows affected students' studying and learning. Over 10,000 students took part in the survey. There was an improvement in class work and homework, but this did not result in better test scores.
Lead scientist Dr. Simon Burgess thought the survey showed something important and interesting. He said it had not found something that really got students to work harder. He added that, clearly, some students have a lot of goals. They believe that education is a way of getting a brighter future, but there are kids who think that working hard doesn't make a difference." He said these children think exam success is all in your genes because of their family environment.
Education expert Dr. Kevan Collins said good teachers were better than promises of money to get children to study, especially for children from poor families. He wrote, "What really makes the difference is how students are taught."
（1）We can see from the new report that .
A. students don't like to travel at all
B. lots of students are harder to get more money
C. money can not help students get better grades
D. parents need a lot of money to help their children
（2）Which of the following statements is TRUE?
A. The survey shows something makes students really work harder.
B. Some students think education is very important for their future.
C. Students will work harder if they don't think they have good genes.
D. Having trips is more important than owning much money in our life.
（3）If a student thinks gene is the most important, he might agree make（s）the difference.
A. good teachers
B. working hard
C. much money
D. family environment （4）We might read the passage in the part of in a newspaper.
A. health
B. culture
C. sports
D. education
【答案】（1）C
（2）B
（3）D
（4）D
【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文文章主要讲述了学生努力学习的原因及其学生的想法，
文章一开始提到用钱鼓励学生读书不靠谱，后来介绍了学生对考试的态度和看法，最后罗列的一位专家的看法。
（1）细节题。根据文章提到的 A new report says promising children money to pass exams does not help exam grades可知钱不能使得学生学习成绩好，故选C。
（2）细节题。根据文章提到的They believe that education is a way of getting a brighter future可知有一些学生认为教育改变命运，故选B。
（3）推断题。根据文章提到的He said these children think exam success is all in your genes because of their family environment可知他这样想的原因是环境因素，故选D。（4）主旨题。根据文章内容主要说了学生努力学习问题，可知可以在教育版块找到这篇文章，故选D。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题和主旨题三种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。
14．阅读理解
Dear Mary,
I'm sorry to hear that you didn't get good grades in math mid-term exam. And you said you spend a lot of time studying math. However, it is difficult for you to learn it well. I think you should find a right way to learn it. Here is my advice for you.
During the class
※Listen to the teacher and be sure to write down everything the teacher puts on the blackboard.
※If you don't understand a step or how to get the answer to the question, ask the teacher or a classmate for help right now.
※Underline key points while taking notes.
After the class
※Recopy each day's notes into a new notebook clearly.
※Do your homework every day carefully. And don't copy other students' homework.
※If a step is unclear or you don't know how to do it, ask for help soon. The only difficult question is the one that isn't asked.
※Look for useful examples of how this kind of difficult problem is used in your textbook or other materials（资料）.
Before exam
※Review（复习）all of your notes quickly and find out every missing problem at times.
※Work examples in the text each several times until you can do them quickly. This will help you improve the speed（速度）needed for the exam.
If you do as I said，I think you will get good grades in the final exam. Come on! Mary.
（1）What's the matter with Mary?
A. She has no time to study math.
B. She doesn't want to learn math.
C. She can't find a right way to learn math well.
D. She can't get good grades in the exam.
（2）The underline sentence "The only difficult question is the one that isn't asked." means .
A. There is no difficult question in learning math.
B. There is no difficult question if you can ask for help.
C. There is only one difficult question in learning math.
D. There is only one difficult question if you ask for help.
（3）Which is the wrong way to learn math well?
A. If you don't understand a step, you could ask the teacher or a classmate for help.
B. You should do your homework every day carefully.
C. You should review all of your notes in your notcbook before the exam.
D. You should copy other students' homework.
（4）Which of the following ways is not mentioned in the passage?
A. Be sure to write down everything the teacher puts on the blackboard.
B. Underline key points while taking notes during the class.
C. Work examples in the text each several times until you can do them quickly before the exam.
D. Put up your hand if you don't know how to do it.
【答案】（1）C
（2）B
（3）D
（4）D
【解析】【分析】本文是是写给Mary的信，给出如何找到学好数学的几个方法。
（1）细节题。根据 I'm sorry to hear that you didn't get good grades in math mid-term exam. And you said you spend a lot of time studying math. However, it is difficult for you to learn it well.
I think you should find a right way to learn it. 可知她找不到正确的方法学好数学，故选C。（2）词义猜测题。根据If a step is unclear or you don't know how to do it, ask for help soon. The only difficult question is the one that isn't asked. 可知The only difficult question is the one that isn't asked唯一困难的问题是一个没有被问到的问题是如果你能寻求帮助，那就不难了的意思，故选B。
（3）细节题。 You should copy other students' homework. 你应该抄其他学生的作业永远都是不可以的，故是错误的，故选D。
（4）细节题。根据全文描述Put up your hand if you don't know how to do it 如果你不知道怎么做，举起手来没有提及，故选D。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题，词义猜测题，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案，词义猜测题需要根据上下文提炼相关信息锁定词意。
15．阅读理解
Medical experts say most Americans do not get enough sleep. They say more Americans need to take a nap—that is to rest for a short period in the middle of the day. They give people advice to sleep lightly before continuing with other activities. The experts say naps might improve health by reducing pressure.
Some European and Latin American companies have supported the idea of napping for many years. They ask people to leave work, go home and have a nap before returning. In the United States, some companies let workers rest simply in their offices. They believe this can help workers make fewer mistakes and also increase the amount of work that a person can do.
Sleep experts say it is likely that people make more mistakes at work than at other times. They say people should not carry out important tasks when they feel sleepy. And they say the best thing to do is to take a nap. About twenty minutes of rest is all you need. Experts say this provides extra energy and can increase your effects until the end of the day. But experts said that a nap should last no more than twenty to thirty minutes. A longer nap will put the body into deep sleep and waking up will be difficult.
（1）This passage is probably taken from ________.
A. a story book
B. a poster
C. a science fiction
D. a medical magazine （2）What's the best way to increase workers' effects?
A. Talking with friends.
B. Doing relaxing exercise.
C. Laughing, smiling and crying.
D. Having a rest for twenty or thirty minutes.
（3）What will happen to the workers if they keep on working without any rest?
A. They will get a lot of money.
B. They will fail in their jobs and even cause a lot of trouble.
C. They will live a happy life in the future.
D. They will feel better after finishing everyday jobs.
（4）The meaning of the underlined word "reducing" in the first paragraph is "________".
A. 加大
B. 缓解
C. 产生
D. 制造（5）The passage mainly talks about ________.
A. taking a nap during the day
B. the disadvantages of taking a nap
C. Americans who don't have a nap during the weekends
D. the advantages of deep sleep
【答案】（1）D
（2）D
（3）B
（4）B
（5）A
【解析】【分析】短文大意：本文叙述了午睡的重要性。研究发现每天午睡几分钟减少心脏病的死亡几率。专家们对工作人员进行调查发现午睡能改善人们的健康。在欧洲和拉丁美洲一些行业很多年来支持午睡的想法。睡眠专家认为午睡会减少错误和事故。
（1）文章出处题。这篇文章讲的是医学专家指出午睡的重要性。可知这篇文章出自医学杂志。故选D。
（2）细节理解题。根据And they say the best thing to do is to take a nap. About twenty minutes of rest is all you need. Experts say this provides extra energy and can increase your effects until the end of the day. But experts said that a nap should last no more than twenty to thirty minutes. 可知每天午休二十到三十分钟是提高工作效率的最好的办法故选D。
（3）推理判断题。根据 Sleep experts say it is likely that people make more mistakes at work than at other times. They say people should not carry out important tasks when they feel sleepy. 睡眠专家说在工作中比其他时期更容易犯错误，他们说人们在感觉困得时候不应从事重要工作，可知工人们不休息持续工作的话，他们在工作中容易失败甚至造成很多麻烦，故选B。
（4）词意猜测题。根据 The experts say naps might improve health by reducing pressure．根据专家说午睡可以通过……压力可以改善健康状况，根据压力和健康的关系，可知结合选项，缓解压力能改善健康状况，所以reducing意为缓解。故选B。
（5）主旨大意题。根据 The experts say naps might improve health by reducing pressure（压力），专家说，午睡可以通过减少压力来改善健康状况．可知本文叙述了午睡的重要性专家说午睡能通过缓解压力从而改善健康状况，研究发现每天午睡以及睡眠专家认为午睡会减少错误和事故，提高工作效率等，即本文主要讲了午睡的意义，故选A。
【点评】此题考查阅读理解。阅读短文，了解大意。分析问题，弄清题意。根据内容确定文章出处，根据文章细节，找出问题答案。对于推理判断题，要根据根据文章的细节和作者的意图进行推理判断，不能主观臆断。对于主旨大意题，要根据中心思想进行确定。