2012.4(第2部分)阅读理解(1)(翻译版)

2012职称英语阅读理解文章译文（综合C）第二篇课外学习带来很大不同 (1)第三篇米洛舍维奇之死 (2)第四篇火鸡盛宴和感恩节的祝福 (3)第五篇中日敌意减少 (4)第六篇看电视与长途汽车旅行 (6)第七篇现代日光浴者 (7)第九篇单亲幼儿最出色 (8)第十二篇走私 (9)第十三篇芭比娃娃 (10)第十四篇睡眠 (11)第十五篇轨道航天飞机 (12)第二篇课外学习带来很大不同让一群大学生去负责募集30万美元的马拉松式的跳舞活动，这种募捐听起来肯定有点儿冒险。

当你知道这笔募捐款是提供给需要医疗护理的儿童，你可能会觉得这个想法很疯狂。

佛罗里达大学一个22岁的学生Darren Heitner说大多学生领导者不想在他们不太关注的事情上花太多时间。

他任马拉松式跳舞经营部经理两年了。

Yvonne Fangmeyer是威斯康星大学学生组织办公室主任，在二月组织了一次学生参加校园组织的调查。

她说增进友谊是大家提到最多的参加校园组织的原因。

像Fangmeyer的大学那样规模很大的学校，有4万多学生，学生首先想要找到属于他们的校园一角。

威斯康星大四的学生Katie Rowley肯定了调查结果。

“我加入校园组织希望让校园感觉上变得小一些，这样不仅可以投入到校园生活中还可以交到很多朋友”。

这些关于友谊的看法并不意味着学生不考虑他们的经历。

Heitner说：“我认为很多人加入校园组织来丰富经历，刚上大学的时候，我加入了一些校园组织，希望培养自己的领导能力。

”但是如果没有热情，学生领导者很难经受风雨考验。

例如，在四月份，威斯康星大学几个学生组织展开了一项活动，向学生讲述无家可归和贫困。

学生领导必须面对一些问题，比如解决争论，受雨天影响而更改活动日期，同学校复杂的机构打交道。

Fangmeyer说：“课外的这种学习确实带来很大不同。

”Outside-the-classroom Learning Makes a Big Difference Putting a bunch of college students in charge of a $300,000 Dance Marathon, fundraiser surely sounds a bit risky. When you consider the fact that the money is supposed to be given to children in need of medical care, you might call the idea crazy.Most student leaders don't want to spend a large amount of time on something they care little about, said 22-year-old University of Florida student Darren Heitner. He was the Dance Marathon's operations officer for two years.Yvonne Fangmeyer, director of the student organization office at the University of Wisconsin, conducted' a survey in February of students involved in campus organizations. She said the desire for friendship was the most frequently cited reason for joining.At large universities like Fangmeyer's, which has more than 40,000 students, the students first of all want to find a way to ,belong in their own comer of campus".Katie Rowley, a Wisconsin senior, confirms the survey's findings. "I wanted to make the campus feel smaller by joining an organization where I could not only get involved on campus but also find a group of friends."All of this talk of friendship, however, does not mean that students aren't thinking about their resumes. "I think that a lot of people do join to 'fatten up their resume'," said Heitner. "At the beginning of my college career, I joined a few of these organizations, hoping to get a start in my leadership roles."But without passion student leaders can have a difficult time trying to weather the storms that come. For example, in April, several student organizations at Wisconsin teamed up for an event designed to educate students about homelessness and poverty. Student leaders had to face the problem of solving disagreements, moving the event because of rainy weather, and dealing with the university's complicated bureaucracy."Outside-of the classroom learning really makes a big difference," Fangmeyer said.第三篇米洛舍维奇之死上周六前南斯拉夫领袖米洛舍维奇·史洛波登死于设在海牙的前南斯拉夫国际刑事法庭的牢房里。

2012年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（陕西卷）英语第一部分:英语知识运用（共四节,满分55分）第一节语音知识(共5小题;每小题1分,满分5分)从每小题的A、B、C、D四个选项中,找出其划线部分与所给单词的划线部分读音相同的选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。

1.regardA.designB.gentleC.collegeD.forget2.refuseA.discussB.rudeC.focusD.excuse3.chargeA.toothacheB.machine Csearch D.Christian4. fieldA.quietB.pieceC.friendD.experience5. tapesA.potatoesB.speechesC.cakesD.Bridges 第二节情景对话(共5小题;每小题1分，满分5分)根据对话情景和内容，从对话后所给的选项中选出能填人每一空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。

选项中有两个为多余选项。

Repairman:Goodafternoon.6Custom er:Hello.Mymobilephoneisn’tworking.Couldyourepai r,pleaseRepairman: 7Customer:Itworkedwellyesterday,butIsimplycouldn’ttumitonthismorn ing.Repairman:8Customer: Hereyouare.Repairman: Well，Ithinkwe，11beabletofixit.YoucanpickitupthisFriday.Customer:Oh,no.That’stoolong.9Ineeditassoonaspossible.Repairman: 10WhattimeCustomer: Letmesee.HowaboutWednesdayafternoonRepairman: Afterfiveo’clockCustomer: Ok.Thankyou.A.That’sgreat.B.IbegyourpardonC.Letmehavealook.D.What’stheproblemE.Pmsorrytohearthat.F.WhatcanIdoforyouG.Iwonderifyoucouldfixitearlier.第三节语法和词汇知识（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）从每小题的Ａ、Ｂ、Ｃ、Ｄ四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并填在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。

2012年职称英语综合类阅读理解目录1.第一篇：Telling Tales about People讲述关于人们的故事2.第二篇：Outside-the –classroom Learning Makes a Big Difference课处学习带来很大不同3.第三篇：Milosevic‘s Death 米洛舍维奇之死4.第四篇：Feast on Turkey and Good Wishes at Thanksgiving 火鸡盛宴和感恩节的祝福5.第五篇：Sino-Japan Animosity Lessens 中日敌意减少6.第六篇：TV Shows and Long Bus Trips看电视与长途汽车旅行7.第七篇：Modern Sun Worshippers现代日光浴崇拜者8.第八篇：The Changing Middle Class变化中的中产阶级9.第九篇：Single-parent Kids Do Best单亲幼儿最出色10.第十篇：A Letter from Alan艾伦的来信11.第十一篇：The Development of Ballet芭蕾舞的发展12.第十二篇：Smuggling走私13.第十三篇：The Barbie Dolls芭比娃娃14.第十四篇：Sleep睡眠15.第十五篇：Orbital Space Plane轨道航天飞机16.第十六篇：The Sahara 撒哈拉沙漠17.*第十七篇：Eiffel Is an Eyeful引人注目的埃菲尔铁塔18.*第十八篇：Goal of American Education美国教育的目标19.*第十九篇：The Family家庭20.*第二十篇：Tales of the Terrible Past讲述可怕的过去21.*第二十一篇：Spacing in Animals动物的空间距离22.*第二十二篇：Some Things We Know about Language我们知道的关于语言的一些事情23.*第二十三篇：The Only Way Is Up只好向上24.*第二十四篇：Clone Farm克隆农场25.*第二十五篇：Income收入26.*第二十六篇：Seeing the World Centuries Ago看许久以前的世界27.*第二十七篇：Importance of Services服务业的重要性28.*第二十八篇：The National Park Service国家公园的服务机构29.*第二十九篇：Find Yourself Packing It On? Blame Friends发现自己变胖了？这得责怪朋友们30.*第三十篇："Lucky" Lord Lucan - Alive or Dead“幸运的”鲁肯伯爵一是死是活31.第三十一篇：Pool Watch泳池监护32.第三十二篇：The Cherokee Nation彻罗基部落33.*第三十三篇：Oseola McCarty老妇人Oseola McCarty34.+第三十四篇：To Have and Have Not逃亡35.+第三十五篇：Going Her Own Way选择她自己的路36.+第三十六篇：A Tale of Scottish Rural Life一个关于苏格兰乡村生活的故事37.+第三十七篇：Pop Music in Africa非洲的流行音乐38.+第三十八篇：Why So Many Children为什么有这么多的孩子39.+第三十九篇：Eat to Live为了活着吃饭40.+第四十篇：Narrow Escape美国疾病预防新政策41.第四十一篇：The Operation of International Airlines国际航空公司的经营42. 第四十二篇：Sauna桑拿浴43. 第四十三篇：Can Buildings Be Designed to Resist Terrorist Attack建筑设计能使建筑抵御恐怖袭击吗44. 第四十四篇：Americans Get Touchy越来越爱肢体接触的美国人45. 第四十五篇：Women Staying in Mini-Skirts for Longer女性穿超短裙时间更长46. 第四十六篇：Defending the Theory of Evolution Still Seems Needed捍卫进化论仍必要47.+第四十七篇：Narrow Escape九死一生48.第四十八篇：Finding Enlightenment in Scotland苏格兰启蒙运动49.第四十九篇：The Beginning of American Literature美国文学的开端50.第五十篇：Older Volcanic Eruptions远古火山喷发第一篇Telling Tales about People讲述关于人们的故事最普遍的非小说类文学作品类型之一，就是一些描述人们生活的故事，并且很多人喜欢阅读这类作品。

2012 江苏高考英语试卷及答案（完好版）（word版）2012 年一般高等学校招生全国一致考试（江苏卷）英语试题第一部分 :听力 (共两节 ,满分 20 分 )做题时 ,先将答案标在试卷上。

录音内容结束后,你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。

第一节 (共 5 小题 ;每题 1 分,满分 5 分)听下边 5 段对话。

每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的 A 、B、C 三个选项中选出最正确选项,并标在试卷的相应地址。

听完每段对话后,你都有 10 秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对话仅读一遍。

例: How much is the shirt?A. ￡ 19. 15.B. ￡ 9. 15.C. ￡ 9. 18.答案是 B。

1.Where does this conversation probably take place?A. In a bookstore.B. In a classroom.C. In a library.2.At what time will the film begin?A. 7:20.B. 7:15.C. 7:00.3.What are the two speakers mainly talking about?A. Their friend Jane.B. A weekend trip.C. A radioprogramme.4. What will the woman probably do?A. Catch a train.B. See the man off.C. Go shopping.5.Why did the woman apologize?A. She made a late delivery.B. She went to the wrong place.C. She couldn’ t take the cake back.第二节(共 15 小题 ;每题 1 分,满分 15 分)听下边 5 段对话。

2012年4月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试英语（二）试题答案及评分参考（课程代码00015）Ⅰ. V ocabulary and Structure (本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分)1. A2. C3. B4. C5. D6. A7. B8. C9. D 10. BⅡ. Cloze test (本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分)11. D 12. D 13. C 14. B 15. D16. A 17. C 18.C 19. B 20. AⅢ. Reading Comprehension (本大题共15小题，每小题2分，共30分)21. C 22. C 23. A 24. B 25. B26. C 27. D 28. B 29. A 30. D31. B 32. C 33. B 34. D 35. AⅣ. Word Spelling (本大题共20小题，每两小题1分，共10分)36. maximum 37. pity 38. label 39. income40. hunger 41.smooth 42.truly 43. metal44. survive 45. discuss 46. confusion 47. concert48. afford 49. beach 50. commercial 51. equal52. tropical 53. merely 54. squeeze 55. September【评分参考】多写、少写或错写一个字母均为错。

Ⅴ. Word Form (本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分)56. patience 57. dependent 58. frighten 59.manageable 60.provision 61.surprisingly 62. assembly 63. commitment 64. formality 65.non-verbal【评分参考】语法错误或拼写错误均不给分。

2012中考英语：2012年2月阅读理解训练及答案【04】【通用教师版】专项训练（四）1Some western countries insist that China is one of the world’s biggest greenhouse gas emitters (温室气体排放者). But in fact our government has taken actions actively to struggle with climate change.Firstly, the public are educated to pay more attention to the environment. As the government experts, the people have reached a very high level of knowing low-carbon economy (低碳经济).If you watch TV, listen to the radio or read newspapers, you’ll find low-carbon lifestyle become a fashion. Secondly, developing renewable energy is another action. The government is building many wind farms and solar power stations in the deserts. Of course, within a long time, China will continue using the coal. At the same time, the government has been making laws to punish those people who dare to destroy the environment. Besides, some scientists have suggested that greening the deserts is more important than developing new forms of energy. Their latest research shows that 80% of CO2 in the atmosphere comes from land use.As we know, China hasn’t achieved a balance between the green lifestyle and the economic growth, but we are on the way. We’ll take more actions to reduce the greenhouse gas emission.China is on the 1_____ to reduce the greenhouse gas emissionOur actions Our hopes2_____ the public The people know low-carboneconomy more.Developing 3_____ energy.Building many wind farms andsolar power stations.Making laws. Punish those people who dareto 4______ the environment.Greening the 5_____. Reduce the CO2 from land use2American summers are filled with outdoor picnics, baseball games and swimming pools. Summer in America is a time to enjoy the outdoors, no matter how hot it might be. Let’s take a look at some of the popular drinks.Lemonade is the commonest of all American summer drinks. It is made by mixing lemon juice, water and sugar. It is usually served very cold, with ice.Ice tea is another popular summer drink in America. Ice tea is usually served in tall glass of ice. Many Americans choose to add sugar to sweeten the drink. This drink is often drunk in the afternoon while relaxing in the shade. Ice tea is now also sold by the bottle, at almost any store in America.The Slurpee, a famous American drink in recent years, is a great way to cool of in the summer heat. It is a mix of ice, sugar and fruit juices. However, the drink is mostly made of ice. They can be bought at most small convenient stores. Slurpees are popular with young Americans. Milkshakes have a long history in America. It is made of a mix of cream, milk and flavoring.Popular drinks in summer 1_______.Lemonade Commoner than the 2____, made bymixing lemon juice, water and sugarIce tea Served in glasses or bottles. Add sugar tomake the drink 3_____.The Slurpee A mix of ice, sugar and fruit juices, morepopular 4_____young AmericansMilkshakes A mix of ice cream, milk and flavoring.All the drinks are often served with 5______3More and more people like bicycling and it is no surprise. It is fun, healthy and good for the environment. Maybe that’s why there are 1, 4 billion bicycles and only 400 million cars on roads worldwide today. Bikes can take you almost anywhere, and there is no oil cost!Get on a bicycle and ride around your neigh-bourhood. You may discover something new all around you. Stopping and getting off a bike is easier than stopping and getting out of your car. You can bike to work and benefit(受益)from the enjoyable exercise without polluting the environment. You don’t even have to ride all the way.Folding(折叠)bikes work well for people who ride the train. Just fold the bike and take it with you. You can do the same on an airplane. You can also take a common bike with you when you fly. But be sure to look for information by getting on airline websites. Not all airlines are bicycle-friendly to travelers.Health Benefits of Bicycling:It helps to prevent heart diseases. Bicycling helps to control your weight. A 15-minutes bike ride to and from work three times a week burns off five kilos of fat in a year.X kb1.c omBicycling can improve your mood(心情).Exercise like bicycling has been shown to make people feel better, more relaxed and self-confident.Bicycling is cheap, fun, healthy and good for the environment.Cheap You needn’t 1____ for the oil when you ride a bike.Fun Bicycling is more 2 ___ for you to discover somethingnew all around you.Health yBicycling helps to prevent heart diseases and control your 3______.It’sgood for theenvironmentThere is no oil, so there is no 4 ______.Suggestion: try to ride your bike as much as 5 ____.4In the coming summer holidays, you will probably visit the Shanghai Expo. Before you head off for the Expo, please read the following tips so that you behave properly and show off China’s best face to visitors from other countries.When waiting in a line.Wait patiently instead of cutting to the front of the line. If you have to leave your spot in line and want to come back, tell the people standing in front of and behind you. Ask them to kindly hold your spot, and thank them when you return.When touring the ExpoDon’t touch or climb on exhibits. Visitors are allowed to take pictures and videos around the Expo, but when cameras are not welcome, don’t turn yours on. If souvenirs are handed out, don’t push and scream. Be polite and wait for your turn.When attending showsIf you are late, wait until the break to enter. It will disturb other audience if you walk in late.It’s very impolite to leave in the middle of a musical or stage play, If an early exit is necessary, you can leave after a scene is over.Keep quit during a performance. Before the performance starts, either turn off your mobile phone or set it to silent mode. Never answer your phone while a performance is going on.After an excellent performance, clap your hands warmly, Don’t laugh at the performers when they make mistakes.When having mealsDon’t talk loudly at meals. With many hungry visitors waiting, don’t stay too long at your table after you have finished. Politely move on to another place.Title: showing off China’s best faceOccasions(场合)Don’ts DosWaiting in a line.Don’t 1_____ tothe front of the line.Wait patiently.Thank those forholding your spot after youare 2___.Touring the ExpoDon’t touch orclimb on exhibits.Don’t use yourcameras when they areBe polite andwait for your turn.3_____.Don’t push and scream for 4____ souvenirs.5______ showsDon’t walk in late.Don’t leave in themiddle of a musical or stageplay.Never answer yourphone 6_______ aperformanceDon’t laugh at theperformers 7_____.Enter during the8____, if you are late.Wait until ascene is over, if you makean early exit.Turn off yourmobile phone or set it tosilent mode.Clap your hands9_____.Having meals Don’t talk loudlyat meals.Don’t stay too longat your table after meals.Politely move on to another place.Purpose: To remind people to behave properly before 10____visitors at the Expo.5Life is great joke most the time; however, the problem is the most people treat this joke very seriously. Life is given to us for enjoying and having fun, while we all see lots of unhappiness around us. This amazing –fact is that most of this unhappiness is our creation. We make most mistakes in life because of our greed(贪婪). However , in all this run we miss many beautiful moments of life.Life is full of many exciting things which offer a great enjoyment to all of us. We were all born in this world with no thoughts and desires and a child only wants to enjoy his life. However , we expected too much from this poor soul(灵魂)from childhood. In this way circle of expectations starts moving in the life of every person. The child finds it difficult to go with the changing world and he ends up as an unhappy person.Enjoyed life is a great art which very few people know on this earth. For enjoying life, a person needs a clear understanding of life free of all the common things. We all know that there many people who are even living in big houses are unhappy and there are strange beggars(乞丐)who are always happy even not having anything. This is a strange reality(现实)of life which many people around the world have tried to explain. Life looks strange to people who do not understand it and it becomes a great joke and excitement for those who master(征服)it.The passage mainly tells us 1_____life is a great art.Life is great joke most the time, so we can’t treat it very 2______.Some people make most mistakes in life because of their 3_____The author give an example of a child in the 2nd paragraph to show howWe can infer(推断)from the last paragraph that 5_____ is a view of life.a person become 4_____6When we watch a football match or see a film, we often see people put out their fingers to form a “V”. Perhaps you don’t know what it means and how it gets the meaning. Here is a story to answer the question.During the Second World War(战争),there was a Belgian(比利时)young people. He called himself Victor. He ran to England and for a radio station in London. He spoke to his country in his programmes every day in a hope that it could help his people win the war. One day at the end of 1940, he asked his people to write the letter “V” to show their strong wish to win the victory(胜利).During that night, the letter “V” was seen on the walls, trees, buildings and other places. This encouraged(鼓舞)hundreds of thousands of people in this country.1.The story happened nearly ______ years ago.2.The young man was not a ______, but he tried his best to fight for his country.3.He hoped that his ______ could help his people win the war.4.The people wrote the letter “V” _______ during that night.5.From the story we know that the letter “V” means ______.7Future and TodayIt is well known that everyone has his own dream as well as his pwn future. But do you know what future really is? I have to say that future is now. That is to say we must treasure every minute now. If we want to have a bright future, we should know how important time is and use it well.There is an old English saying:“Gain time, gain life”Then what’s time? Time is something that we can’t see or touch, but we can feel it passing by. Time is always with us. When we are at table, time passes; when we play, time goes by unnoticeably. We always sa y “Time is money”, but time is even more precious(珍贵的) than money, because when money is spent, we can earn it back. But if time is gone away, it will never return. So, some of us even say time is priceless.We should always remember: future is now. For us students, we should try our best to work hard in order to create a great future of our own. We should make the best use of every hour and be the master of today. We should do everything before us as well as possible. And never put off what can be done today till tomorrow.As we all know,“Time and tide wait for no man.”If you waste today, you will regret tomorrow. So from now on, work hard. Tomorrow will be better, and your future will be brighter. Remember:“No pains, no gains.”Today’s hard work is the cause of tomorrow’s harvest.Title: Future and TodayOpinionsSupporting detailsFut ure is nowEveryone has his own dream as well as his own future. If we want to have a bright future, we should know the 1 ______ of timeand make every minute 2 ________.3__ _____is priceless.Time is money, but time is even more valuable than money, because when money is spent, we can earn it back. But 4 ____ time will return no more.Be masters of todayToday’s hard work 5 ______ to tomorrow’s harvest. As students, we should never put off what we can be done today till tomorrow and we should try our 6 ______ to do everything well.8Amanda is an American filmmaker and actress. She came to China three years ago to study Performance at Beijing Film Academy. Last mouth, she moved to Japan to study Economics at the University of Tokyo. On June 10th, she returned to the USA. She chatted with her parents about cultural differences between the two countries.“The people in both countries are very friendly to foreigner. But they have different cultures. For example , when I spoke Chinese in China, the people there always showed surprise on their face. But when I came to Japan, I found it was opposite. Most local people there hoped I could talk with them in Japanese ,though I was not good at it ,”she said.Amanda though this might have something to do with the fact that the western group in Japan is older than the one in China. They have stayed in Japan for a long time. And most of them speak Japanese well. But Westerners in China are still quite a new group. They’re usually treated as guests and tourists.阅读短文，完成下面表格，每空一词。

全国2012年4月高等教育自学考试综合英语（二）真题课程代码：00795请将答案填在答题纸相应位置上I．语法、词汇。

从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择一个正确答案，并填在答题纸相应的位置上。

错选、多选或未选均无分。

（本大题共15小题，每小题1分，共15分）1. The man in the store won’t change money for him ______ he buys something.A. ifB. orC. butD. unless2. The old harbor is still full of pleasant atmosphere and well worth ______.A. visitB. to visitC. to be visitedD. visiting3. The car often breaks down and we must have it ______ thoroughly.A. checkB. checkedC. to checkD. checking4. If she ______ here last night, I would have told her the good news.A. cameB. had comeC. would comeD. was coming5. Can you tell me ______ about this city that makes people love it so much?A. it is whatB. what it isC. what is itD. is it what6. By the time you get to the shopping mall, the stores ______.A. have been closedB. are to be closedC. will have been closedD. are being closed7. ______ , our next step is to determine how to carry it out.A. Having made the planB. Making the planC. The plan is being madeD. The plan having been made8. Some English words can have different meanings depending on the ______ in which they are used.A. contextB. contactC. contentD. contrast9. It ______ artificial, but at that price what can you expect?A. eatsB. flavorsC. chewsD. tastes10. I ______ hope that these very unfortunate people will not be forgotten.A. sincerelyB. seriouslyC. honestlyD. frankly11. We had to ______ a lot of noise when the children were at home.A. come up withB. catch up withC. put up withD. keep up with12. When I was eighteen I was independent ______ my parents.A. onB. ofC. toD. with13. The water was so clear that it ______ the trees on the river bank.A. shadowedB. presentedC. reflectedD. shaded14. In this advanced course students must take objective tests at monthly ______.A. lengthB. periodC. intervalsD. gaps15. The ______ majority of people do not actually attend sports events, but see themthrough the eyes of the media.A. mainB. wideC. bigD. vastII．完形填空。

全国2012年4月高等教育自学考试英语翻译试题课程代码：00087I. Multiple Choice (30 points, 2 points each)A. This part consists of ten sentences, each followed by four different translation versions marked A, B, C and D. Choose the best version in terms of meaning and expressiveness and write the corresponding letter on your Answer Sheet.1. From both sides of the valley little streams slipped out of the hill canyons and fell into the Salinas River. DA.洼地两面的峡谷流出的涧水注入萨利纳斯河。

B.从峡谷洼地的两面流出的涧水汇入萨利纳斯河。

C.从峡谷洼地的两面流出了涧水，注入萨利纳斯河。

D.洼地两面的峡谷都有涧水流出，汇入萨利纳斯河。

2. It will strengthen you to know that your distinguished career is so widely respected and appreciated. AA.知道你的杰出事业如此广泛地受到人们的尊敬和赞赏，你就会力量倍增。

B.知道你的杰出事业如此广泛地受到人们的尊敬和赞赏，你就会坚定信念。

C.这会使你坚定地认识到，因为你的杰出事业是如此广泛地受到人们的尊敬和赞赏。

D.这会使你进一步坚定信念，因为你的杰出事业是如此广泛地受到人们的尊敬和赞赏。

3. True friendship is like health, the value of which is seldom known until it is lost. DA.真正的友谊就像健康一样，它的价值很少有人知道，直到失去以后。

2012年12月四级考试真题（第二套）作文及听力答案解析Part I WritingPart III Listening Comprehension Section A11. W: I just heard about a really beautiful park in theeast end of the town. There are a lot of rosesin bloom.M: Why don’t we walk over there and see for ourselves?Q: What will the speakers probably do? 11.【听前预测】选项描述的都是人的行为动作，由重复出现的to the park推测，本题可能考查去公园做某事。

【解析】选D)。

对话中女士说城市东头有一座漂亮的公园，很多玫瑰花正盛开，男士回答：“我们为什么不走过去欣赏一下呢”。

由此可知，男士和女士将去公园赏花，故答案为D)。

Why don’t we…?是提建议的常用句式。

12. M: My presentation is scheduled for 9:30tomorrow morning at the lecture hall. I hopeto see you there.W: Oh, sorry. I was about to tell you that I have an appointment with my dentist at 9:00o’clock tomorrow.Q: What do we learn about the woman? 12.【听前预测】选项中的talk和presentation提示，对话与演讲有关。

选项均以She开头，结合She is going to meet the man推测，本题考查的是女士的情况，女士的话为听音重点。

【解析】选C)。

2012年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语本试卷分第一卷（选择题）和第二卷（非选择题）两部分。

第一卷1至12页。

第二卷13至14页。

考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第一卷注意事项：1.答第一卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。

2.每小题选出答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。

如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。

不能答在试卷上。

第一部分英语知识运用（共三节，满分50分）第一节语音知识（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）1高1考1资1源1网1 从A, B, C, D四个选项中，找出其划线部分与所给单词的划线部分读音相同的选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

例：haveA. gaveB. saveC. hatD. made答案是C。

1 ．cushionA. buttonB. butcherC. buryD. duty2. countryA.announceB. coughC. encourageD. shoulder3 ．pillowA. flowerB. allowC. knowledgeD. follow4. reachA. breatheB. reallyC. pleasureD. heaven5 ．ChristmasA. handkerchiefB. teacherC. acheD. merchant第二节语法和词汇知识（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）从A, B, C, D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

例：It is generally considered unwise to give a child he or she wants.A. howeverB. whateverC. whicheverD. whenever答案是B。

6. ----Did you forget about my birthday?---- I‟ve booked a table at Michel‟s restaurant for this evening.A. What then?B. I‟m afraid so.C. how could I?D. For sure.7. Ted came for the weekend wearing only some shorts and a T-shirt, is a stupid thing to do in such weather.A. thisB. thatC. whatD. which8. If you smoke, please go outside.A. canB. shouldC. mustD. may9. If you don't like the drink you______just leave it and try a different one.A. orderedB. are orderingC. will orderD. had ordered10. Mary, I_____John of his promise to help you.A. toldB. remindedC. warnedD. advised11. I got this bicycle for ;My friend gave it to me when she bought a new one.A. everythingB. somethingC. anythingD. nothing12. It is one thing to enjoy listening to good music, but it is another to play it well yourself.A. quiteB. veryC. ratherD. much13. Jane won‟t join us for dinner tonight and .A. neither won‟t TomB. Tom won‟t eitherC. Tom will tooD. so will Tom14. This shop will be closed for repairs further notice.A. withB. untilC. forD. at15. The island, to the mainland by a bridge, is easy to go to.A. joiningB. to joinC. joinedD. having joined16. As he reached front door, Jack saw strange sight.A. the;不填B. a; theC.不填aD. the; a17．Mr. Stevenson is great to work for -- I really couldn't ask for a＿boss.A. betterB. goodC. bestD. still better 18．Sarah pretended to be cheerful,______nothing about the argument.A. says B: said C. to say D. saying19. It was a nice meal,_______a little expensive.A. thoughB. whetherC. asD. since20.-----So you gave her your phone?-----______she said she'd return it to me when she could afford her own.A. My pleasureB. Not exactlyC. No doubtD. All right第三节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A, B, C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项飞并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

全国2012年4月高等教育自学考试英语(二) 试卷课程代码：00015第一部分选择题PART ONEⅠ．Vocabulary and Structure(10 points，1 point each)从下列各句后的四个选项(A、B、C、D)中选出一个能填入旬中空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

1．The police can________the witness against danger．A．ensure B．relieveC．promise D．distract2．I don’t think that________of the two answers is correct．A．both B．allC．either D．none3．Literary critics should be as________as possible in analysis and judgment.A．imperative B．objectiveC．competitive D．productive4．She________him to give her another chance，but he refused．A．hoped B．insistedC．Begged D．suggested5．His________in the stock market has made him a rich mall．A．interference B．interactionC．investigation D．Investment6．Taking care of your body is a powerful first step________mental and emotional health．A．toward B．fromC．with D．into7．________，would go fishing，but the weather is bad today．A．Obviously B．NormallyC．Particularly D．Presently8．We should be aware of the dangers of________children to violence on TV A．assigning B．attachingC．exposing D．disclosing9．He blamed his poor judgment of the situation________jet lag．A．in B．ofC．by D．On10．Even if we can reduce our birth________ to 1％，it still means l3 million new babies every year．A．pace B．rateC．speed D．numberⅡ．Cloze Test(10 points，I point each)阅读下面短文，从短文后所给各题的四个选项(A、B、C、D)中选出能填入文中相应数字空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

自考中国现当代作家作品专题研究（2012.4）真题及答案一单选1."随感录"最早出现在A.<新青年>B.<每周评论>C.<现代评论>D.<语丝>正确答案A知识点名称新思潮的输入,外国散文的译介,现代报刊杂志的兴盛和现代文学社团的兴起难易程度简单讲解<新青年>上常登载陈独秀、李大钊、鲁迅、周作人、刘半农等人写的文艺性社会论文，到了第4卷第4期(1918年4月)上，开创了"随感录"一栏，影响尤为深远。

统计刷题次数:756 错误率:12%2.最早提出"文学散文"概念的是A.胡适B.陈独秀C.刘半农D.周作人正确答案C知识点名称从广义的散文向纯文学散文概念发展,大量输入外国散文理论,突出强调散文要写实求真,表现作家个性难易程度简单讲解最早提出"文学散文"概念的是刘半农，他在1917年5周号<新青年>发表的<我之文学改良观>中，率先耐取法于西文，分一切作物为文字Language与文学Literature二类",认为"凡可视为文学上有永久存在之资格与价值者，只诗歌戏曲、小说杂文二种也".刷题次数:430 错误率:0%3.徐蔚南和王世颖合著的纪游名作是A.<小小的温情>B.<龙山梦痕>C.<春之花>D.<倥偬>正确答案B知识点名称国内的游记和旅行记难易程度简单讲解徐蔚南、王世颖的<龙山梦痕>(1926)是纪游的名作，给读者带来了山阴道上、越州古城的迷离梦影。

统计刷题次数:559 错误率:0%4.蒋光慈与宋若瑜1924-1925年间的通信结集为A.<两地书>B.<月夜>C.<涛语>D.<纪念碑>正确答案D知识点名称表现漂泊者的希望、悲愤和哀歌的记叙散文难易程度简单讲解蒋光慈(1901～1931),安徽六安人，诗人和小说家。

2012年12月大学英语四级考试真题第一套Part I Writing【标准版点评】这次四级作文出了图表题，可能让大家有些意外，但是四六级考察图表作文已经并不是第一次，早在2002年的时候就已经出现过，是图表+提纲的形式，图表反应的是大学生使用计算机的情况。

由于备考时大家只是关注近几年的题型，可能没有关注到以往考察过图表作文。

我们在备考作文的时候，一般会从以下几个方面着手准备，如何描述现象、如何分析原因、如何分析影响、如何给出解决措施、如何进行观点论战等。

其实，图表作文也是从这几个方面展开，只是将第一段的描述现象改为描述图表即可。

可见，无论是考察哪种作文题，我们都可以将它转化为我们熟悉的提纲式。

这次作文题目有两个版本。

题目都是Educational Pays（教育回报），一个版本的图表显示的是教育水平越高，收入越高，另一个版本的图表显示的是教育水平越高，失业率越低。

虽然图表描述的具体内容不同，但主题是一致的：教育是值得投资的。

写作思路也是一致的。

两篇范文都是采取三段式的描述方法。

第一段：描述图表。

先一句话引出图表总体内容The above bar chart clearly shows us … 然后具体描述现象We see that…。

最后用for instance引出一些具体数据来例证现象。

第二段：分析原因。

先写一个引出原因的句子，然后具体列举一到两个原因即可。

由于字数限制，原因不必列太多。

第三段：给出建议。

先是总结这个现象This phenomenon tells us that education is a worthy investment.（教育值得投资）。

然后是建议国家增大教育投资，以及个人要努力学习。

这种三段式的写作模式容易掌握，在考场中比较实用，建议大家仿写。

【高分版点评】本次四级作文围绕着同一个话题，education pay（教育回报），出现了两个版本，一个是教育和失业率的关系，另一个是教育和收入的关系。

英语（二）试题答案及评分参考2012年4月（课程代码00015）I. Vocabulary and Structure( 本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分)1. A2. C3. B4. C5. D6. A7. B8. C9. D 10. BII. Cloze Test (本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分)11. D 12. D 13. C 14. B 15. D16. A 17. C 18. C 19. B 20. AIII. Reading Comprehension(本大题共15小题，每小题2分，共30分)21. C 22. C 23. A 24. B 25. B26. C 27. D 28. B 29. A 30. D31. B 32. C 33. B 34. D 35. AIV. Word Spelling (本大题共20小题，每两小题1分，共10分)36. maximum 37. Pity 38. Label 39. Income40. hunger 41. smooth 42. truly 43. mental44. survive 45. discuss 46. confusion 47. concert48. afford 49. beach 50. commercial 51. equal52. tropical 53. merely 54. squeeze 55. September【评分参考】多写、少写或错写一个字母均为错。

V. Word Form (本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分)56. patience 57. dependent 58. frighten 59. manageable60. provision 61.surprisingly 62. assembly 63. commitment64. formality 65. Non-verbal【评分参考】语法错误或拼写错误均不给分。

Part II Reading comprehension (skimming and scanning)Universities Branch OutAs never before in their long history, universities have become instruments of national competition as well as instruments of peace. They are the place of the scientific discoveries that move economies forward, and the primary means of educating the talent required to obtain and maintain competitive advantage. But at the same time, the opening of national borders to the flow of goods, services, information and especially people has made universities a powerful force for global integration, mutual understanding and geopolitical stability.In response to the same forces that have driven the world economy, universities have become more self-consciously global: seeking students from around the world who represent the entire range of cultures and values, sending their own students abroad to prepare them for global careers,offering course of study that address the challenges of an interconnected world and collaborative (合作的)research programs to advance science for the benefit of all humanity.Of the forces shaping higher education none is more sweeping than the movement across borders. Over the past three decades the number of students leaving home each year to study abroad has grown at an annual rate of 3.9 percent, from 800,000 in 1975 to 2.5 million in 2004.Most travel from one developed nation to another, but the flow from developing to developed countries is growing rapidly. The reverse flow, from developed to developing countries, is on the rise, too. Today foreign students earn 30 percent of the doctoral degrees awarded in the United States and 38 percent of those in the United Kingdom. And the number crossing borders for undergraduate study is growing as well, to 8 percent of the undergraduates at America‘s best institutions and 10 percent of all undergraduates in the U.K.In the United States,20 percent of the newly hired professors in science and engineering are foreign-born, and in China many newly hired faculty members at the top research universities received their graduate education abroad.Universities are also encouraging students to spend some of their undergraduate years in another country. In Europe, more than 140,000 students participate in the Erasmus program each year, taking courses for credit in one of 2,200 participating institutions across the continent. And in the United States, institutions are helping place students in the summer internships (实习)abroad to prepare them for global careers. Yale and Harvard have led the way, offering every undergraduate at least oneinternational study or internship opportunity—and providing the financial resources to make it possible.Globalization is also reshaping the way research is done. One new trend involves sourcing portions of a research program to another country. Yale professor and Howard Hughes Medical Institute investigator Tian Xu directs a research center focused on the genetics of human disease at Shanghai‘s Fudan University, in collaboration with faculty colleagues from both schools. The Shanghai center has 95 employees and graduate students working in a 4,300-square-meter laboratory seminars with scientists from both campuses. The arrangement benefits both countries; Xu’s Yale lab is more productive, thanks to t he lower costs of conducting research in China, and Chinese graduate students, postdoctors and faculty get on-the-job training from a world -class scientist and his U.S. team.As a result of its strength in science, the United States has consistently led the world in the commercialization of major new technologies, from the mainframe computer and the integrated circuit of the 1960s to the Internet infrastructure (基础设施)and applications software of the 1990s.the link between university-based science and industrial application is often indirect but sometimes highly visible: Silicon Valley was intentionally created by Stanford University, and Route 128 outside Boston has long housed companies spun off from MIT and Harvard. Around the world, governments have encouraged copying of this model, perhaps most successfully in Cambridge, England, where Microsoft and scores of other leading software and biotechnology companies have set up shop around the university.For all its success, the United States remains deeply hesitant about sustaining the research -university model. Most politicians recognize the link between investment in science and national economic strength, but support for research funding has been unsteady. The budget of the National Institutes of Health doubled between 1998 and 2003,but has risen more slowly than inflation since then. Support for the physical sciences and engineering barely kept pace with inflation during that same period. The attempt to make up lost ground is welcome, but the nation would be better served by steady, predictable increases in science funding at the rate of long-term GDP growth, which is on the order of inflation plus 3 percent per year.American politicians have great difficult recognizing that admitting more foreign students can greatly promote the national interest by increasing international understanding. Adjusted for inflation, public funding for international exchanges and foreign-language study is well below the levels of 40 years ago, in the wake ofSeptember 11,changes in the visa process caused a dramatic decline in the number of foreign students seeking admission to U.S. universities, and a corresponding surge in enrollments in Australia, Singapore and the U.K. Objections from American university and the business leaders led to improvements in the process and reversal of the decline, but the United States is still seen by many as unwelcoming to international students.Most Americans recognize that universities contribute to the nation‘s well-being through their scientific research, but many fear that foreign students threaten American competitiveness by taking their knowledge and skills back home. They fail to grasp that welcoming foreign students to the United States has two important positive effects: first, the very best of them stay in the States and—like immigrants throughout history—strengthen the nation; and second, foreign students who study in the United States become ambassadors for many of its most cherished (珍视)values when they return home. Or at least they understand them better. In America as elsewhere, few instruments of foreign policy are as effective in promoting peace and stability as welcoming international university students.1. From the first paragraph we know that present-day universities have become ________.A)more popularized than ever beforeB)in-service training organizationsC)a powerful force for global integrationD)more and more research-oriented2. Over the past decades, the enrollment of overseas students has increased ________.A)at an annual rate of 8 percentB)at an annual rate of 3.9 percentC)by 800,000D)by 2.5 million3. In the United States, how many of the newly hired professors in science and engineering are foreign-born?A)38% B)10% C)30% D)20%4. How do Yale and Harvard prepare their undergraduates for global careers?A)They give them chances for international study or internship.B)They arrange for them to participate in the Erasmus program.C)They offer them various courses in international politics.D)They organize a series of seminars on world economy.5. An example illustrating the general trend of universities ‘globalization is ________.A)Yale‘s establishing branch campuses throughout the worldB)Yale‘s student exchange program with E uropean institutionsC)Yale‘s helping Chinese universities to launch research projectsD)Yale‘s collaboration with Fudan University on genetic research.6. What do we learn about Silicon Valley from the passage?A)It is known to be the birthplace of Microsoft Company.B)It was intentionally created by Stanford University.C)It is where the Internet infrastructure was built up.D)It houses many companies spun off from MIT and Harvard.7. What is said about the U.S. federal funding for research?A)It has increased by 3 percent.B)It doubled between 1998 and 2003.C)It has been unsteady for years.D)It has been more than sufficient.8. The dramatic decline in the enrollment of foreign students in the U.S. after September 11 was caused by ________.9. Many Americans fear that American competitiveness may be threatened by foreign students who will ________.10. The policy of welcoming foreign students can benefit the U.S. in that the very best of them will stay and ________.PartⅢ Reading Comprehension （Skimming and Scanning）（15 minutes）Section A11.A) He has proved to be a better reader than the woman.B) He has difficulty understanding the book.C) He cannot get access to the assigned book.D) He cannot finish his assignment before the deadline.12.A) She will drive the man to the supermarket.B) The man should buy a car of his own.C) The man needn't go shopping every week.D) She can pick the man up at the grocery store.13.A) Get more food and drinks.B) Ask his friend to come over.C) Tidy up the place.D) Hold a party.14.A) The talks can be held any day except this Friday.B) He could change his schedule to meet John Smith.C) The first-round talks should start as soon as possible.D) The woman should contact John Smith first.15.A) He understands the woman's feelings.B) He has gone through a similar experience.C) The woman should have gone on the field trip.D) The teacher is just following the regulations.16.A) She will meet the man halfway.B) She will ask David to talk less.C) She is sorry the man will not come.D) She has to invite David to the party.17.A) Few students understand Prof. Johnson's lectures.B) Few students meet Prof. Jonson's requirements.C) Many students find Prof. Johnson's lectures boring.D) Many students have dropped Prof. Johnson's class.18.A) Check their computer files.B) Make some computations.C) Study a computer program.D) Assemble a computer.Questions 19 to 22 are based on the conversation you have just heard.19.A) It allows him to make a lot of friends.B) It requires him to work long hours.C) It enables him to apply theory to practice.D) It helps him understand people better.20.A) It is intellectually challenging.B) It requires him to do washing-up all the time.C) It exposes him to oily smoke all day long.D) It demands physical endurance and patience.21.A) In a hospital.B) At a coffee shop.C) At a laundry.D) In a hotel.22.A) Getting along well with colleagues.B) Paying attention to every detail.C) Planning everything in advance.D) Knowing the needs of customers.Questions 23 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.23.A) The pocket money British children get.B) The annual inflation rate in Britain.C) The things British children spend money on.D) The rising cost of raising a child in Britain.24.A) It enables children to live better.B) It goes down during economic recession.C) It often rises higher than inflation.D) It has gone up 25% in the past decade.25.A) Save up for their future education.B) Pay for small personal things.C) Buy their own shoes and socks.D) Make donations when necessary. 来源:考试大-英语四级考试Section BPassage OneQuestions 26 to 29 are based on the conversation you have just heard.26.A) District managers.B) Regular customers.C) Sales directors.D) Senior clerks.27.A) The support provided by the regular clients.B) The initiative shown by the sales representatives.C) The urgency of implementing the company's plans.D) The important part played by district managers.28.A) Some of them were political-minded.B) Fifty percent of them were female.C) One third of them were senior managers.D) Most of them were rather conservative.29.A) He used too many quotations.B) He was not gender sensitive.C) He did not keep to the point.D) He spent too much time on details.Passage TwoQuestions 30 to 32 are based on the passage you have just heard.30.A) State your problem to the head waiter.B) Demand a discount on the dishes ordered.C) Ask to see the manager politely but firmly.D) Ask the name of the person waiting on you.31.A) You problem may not be understood correctly.B) You don't know if you are complaining at the right time.C) Your complaint may not reach the person in charge.D) You can't tell how the person on the line is reacting.32.A) Demand a prompt response.B) Provide all the details.C) Send it by express mail.D) Stick to the point.Passage ThreeQuestions 33 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.33.A) Fashion designerB) Architect.C) City planner.D) Engineer.34.A) Do some volunteer work.B) Get a well-paid part-time job.C) Work flexible hours.D) Go back to her previous post.35.A) Few baby-sitters can be considered trustworthy.B) It will add to the family's financial burden.C) A baby-sitter is no replacement for a mother.D) The children won't get along with a baby-sitter.Section CAlmost every child, on the first day he sets foot in a school building, is smarter, more (36)______, less afraid of what he doesn't know, better at finding and (37) ______ things out, more confident, resourceful (机敏的), persistent and (38) ______ than he will ever be again in his schooling – or, unless he is very (39) ______ and very lucky, for the rest of his life. Already, by paying close attention to and (40) ______ with the world and people around him, and without any school-type (41)______ instruction, he has done a task far more difficult, complicated and (42)______ than anything he will be asked to do in school, or than any of his teachers has done for years. He has solved the (43) ______ of language. He has discovered it – babies don't even know that language exists –and (44) ________________________________________________. He has done it by exploring, by experimenting, by developing his own model of the grammar of language, (45) ________________________________________________ until it does work. And while he has been doing this, he has been learning other things as well, (46) ________________________________________________, and many that are more complicated than the ones they do try to teach him.Part ⅣReading Comprehension（Reading in Depth）（25 minutes）Section AQuestions 47 to 56 are based on the following passage.If our society ever needed a reading renaissance（复兴）, it's now. The National Endowment for the Arts released “Reading at Risk” last year, a study showing that adult reading47 have dropped 10 percentage points in the past decade, with the steepest drop among those 18 to 24. “Only one half of young people read a book of any kind in 2002. We set the bar almost on the ground. If you read one short story in a teen—ager magazine, that would have 48 ,” laments a director of research and analysis. He49 the loss of readers to the booming world of technology, which attracts would—be leisure readers to E—mail, IM chats, and video games and leaves them with no time to cope with a novel.“These new forms of media undoubtedly have some benefits,” says Steven Johnson, author of Everything Bad Is Good for You.Video games50 problem—solving skills; TV shows promote mental gymnastics by 51 viewers to follow complex story lines. But books offer experience that can't be gained from these other sources, from52 vocabulary to stretching the imagination. “If they're not reading at all,” says Johnson, “that's a huge problem.”In fact, fewer kids are reading for pleasure. According to data53 last week from the National Center for Educational Statistic's long—term trend assessment, the number of 17—year—olds who reported never or hardly ever reading for fun54 from 9 percent in 1984 to 19 percent in 2004. At the same time, the55 of 17—year—olds who read daily dropped from 31 to 22.This slow but steady retreat from books has not yet taken a toll on reading ability. Scores for the nation's youth have56 constant over the past two decades with an encouraging upswing among 9—year—olds. But given the strong apparent correlation between pleasure reading and reading skills, this means poorly for the future.A. percentB. remainedC. roseD. ratesE. percentageF. countedG. relievedH. presentI. BelievingJ. releasedK. forcing L. improve M. Styles N. building O. attributesSection BPassage OneQuestions 57 to 61 are based on the following passage.There is a new type of small advertisement becoming increasingly common in newspaper classified columns. It is sometimes placed among “situations vacant”, alth ough it does not offer anyone a job, and sometimes it appears among “situations wanted”, although it is not placed by someone looking for a job, either. What it does is to offer help in applying for a job.“Contact us before writing your application”, or “Make use of our long experience in preparing your curriculum vitae or job history”, is how it is usually expressed. The growth and apparent success of such a specialized service is, of course, a reflection on the current high levels of unemployment. It is also an indication of the growing importance of the curriculum vitae （or job history）, with the suggestion that it may now qualify as an art form in its own right.There was a time when job seekers simply wrote letters of application. “Just put down your n ame, address, age and whether you have passed any exams”, was about the average level of advice offered to young people applying for their first jobs when I left school. The letter was really just for openers, it was explained, everything else could and should be saved for the interview. And in those days of full employment the technique worked. The letter proved that you could write and were available for work. Your eager face and intelligent replies did the rest.Later, as you moved up the ladder, something slightly more sophisticated was called for. The advice then was to put something in the letter which would distinguish you from the rest. It might be the aggressive approach. “Your search is over. I am the person you are looking for”, was a widely used trick that occasionally succeeded. Or it might be some special feature specially designed for the job interview.There is no doubt, however, that it is increasing number of applicants with university education at all points in the process of engaging staff that has led to the greater importance of the curriculum vitae.57. The new type of advertisement which is appearing in newspaper columns.A）informs job hunters of the opportunities availableB）promises to offer useful advice to those looking for employmentC）divides available jobs into various typesD）informs employers of the people available for work58. Nowadays a demand for this specialized type of service has been created because. A）there is a lack of jobs available for artistic peopleB）there are so many top level jobs availableC）there are so many people out of workD）the job history is considered to be a work of art59. In the past it was expected that first job hunters would.A）write an initial letter giving their life historyB）pass some exams before applying for a jobC）have no qualifications other than being able to read and writeD）keep any detailed information until they obtained an interview60. Later, as one went on to apply for more important jobs, one was advised to include in the letter.A）something that would distinguish one from other applicantsB）hinted information about the personality of the applicantC）one's advantages over others in applying for the jobD）an occasional trick with the aggressive approach61. The curriculum vitae has become such an important document because.A）there has been an increase in the number of jobs advertisedB）there has been an increase in the number of applicants with degreesC）jobs are becoming much more complicated nowadaysD）the other processes of applying for jobs are more complicatedPassage TwoQuestions 62 to 66 are based on the following passage.In cities with rent control, the city government sets the maximum rent that a landlord can charge for an apartment. Supporters of rent control argue that it protects people who are living in apartments. Their rent cannot increase; therefore, they are not in danger of losing their homes. However, the critics say that after a long time,rent control may have negative effects. Landlords know that they cannot increase their profits. Therefore, they invest in other businesses where they can increase their profits. They do not invest in new buildings which would also be rent—controlled. As a result, new apartments are not built. Many people who need apartments cannot find any. According to the critics, the end result of rent control is a shortage of apartments in the city.Some theorists argue that the minimum wage law can cause problems in the same way. The federal government sets the minimum that an employer must pay workers. The minimum helps people who generally look for unskilled, low—paying jobs. However, if the minimum is high, employers may hire fewer workers. They will replace workers with machinery. The price, which is the wage that employers must pay, increases. Therefore, other things being equal, the number of workers that employers want decreases. Thus, critics claim, an increase in the minimum wage may cause unemployment. Some poor people may find themselves without jobs instead of with jobs at the minimum wage.Supporters of the minimum wage say that it helps people keep their dignity. Because of the law, workers cannot sell their services for less than the minimum. Furthermore, employers cannot force workers to accept jobs at unfair wages. Economic theory predicts the results of economic decisions such as decisions about farm production, rent control, and the minimum wage. The predictions may be correct only if “other things are equal”. Economists do not agree on some of the predictio ns. They also do not agree on the value of different decisions. Some economists support a particular decision while others criticize it. Economists do agree, however, that there are no simple answers to economic questions.62. There is the possibility that setting maximum rent may.A）cause a shortage of apartmentsB）worry those who rent apartments as homesC）increase the profits of landlordsD）encourage landlords to invest in building apartment63. According to the critics, rent control.A）will always benefit those who rent apartmentsB）is unnecessaryC）will bring negative effects in the long runD）is necessary under all circumstances64. The problem of unemployment will arise.A）if the minimum wage is set too highB）if the minimum wage is set too lowC）if the workers are unskilledD）if the maximum wage is set65. The passage tells us.A）the relationship between supply and demandB）the possible results of government controlsC）the necessity of government controlD）the urgency of getting rid of government controls66. Which of the following statements is NOT true?A）The results of economic decisions can not always be predicted.B）Minimum wage can not always protect employees.C）Economic theory can predict the results of economic decisions if other factors are not changing.D）Economic decisions should not be based on economic theory.Part ⅤCloze （15 minutes）Rumor is the most ___67___way of spreading stories—by passing them on from mouth___68___mouth. But civilized countries in normal times have better ___69___ of news than rumor. They have radio, television, and newspapers. In times of stress and___70___, ___71___, rumor ___72__ and becomes widespread. At such ___73___ the different kinds of news are in___74___,the press, television, and radio versus the grapevine.Especially ___75___ rumors spread when war requires censorship(审查，检查) on many important matters. The customary news sources no longer ___76___ enough information. Since the people cannot learn ___77___ legitimate(合法的，正规的) channel s all ___78___ they are anxious to learn, they pick up “news”___79___they can and when this ___80___, rumor thrives.Rumors are often repeated ___81___ by those who do not believe the tales. There is a fascination about them. The reason is ___82___the cleverly designed rumor gives expression to something deep in the hearts of the victims—the fears, suspicions, forbidden hopes, or daydreams which they hesitate to___83___directly. Pessimistic(悲观的) rumors about defeat and disasters show that the people who repeat them are___84___and anxious. ___85___rumors about record production orpeace soon coming point to complacency(满足，自得) or confidence—and often to ___86___.67. A) primitive B) important C) impossible D) outstanding68. A) till B) to C) for D) by69. A) means B) ways C) sources D) resource70. A) confusion B) peace C) prosperity D) worried71. A) and B) however C) so D) therefore72. A) emerges B) immerge C) immerse D) immense73. A) time B) the times C) times D) the time74. A) compete B) competition C) common D)harmony75. A) do B) did C) are D) were76. A) give up B) give off C) give out D) send off77. A) through B) by C) in D) across78. A) what B) why C) which D) that79. A) wherever B) where C) whatever D) what80. A) happened B) would happen C) happens D) happen81. A) ever B) even C) forever D) much82. A) that B) what C) why D) how83. A) act B) voice C) behave D) do84. A) happy B) relieved C) crazy D) worried85. A) Bad B) Pessimistic C) Optimistic D) Good86. A) overconfidence B) overweight C) overconsiderate D) overproducePart ⅥTranslation （5 minutes）Direction:Complete the sentences on Answer Sheet 2 by translating into English the Chinese given in brackets.87.There are so many kinds of tape-recorders on sale that __________________________ (我都拿不定主意买哪一种).88. The light in the office is still on._________________________ (他忘记关了).89. His composition was so confusing that _____________________________ (我简直看不懂).90.As the saying goes, reading without reflecting is like __________________________ (吃饭不消化).91._______________________ (他的回答是这样) that he didn’t say yes and he didn’t say no.。

2012山东高考英语试题（附答案）2012年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（山东卷）英语本试卷分第I卷和第II卷两部分，共12页，满分150分。

考试用时120分钟。

考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

注意事项:1. 答题前，考生务必用0.5毫米黑色签字笔将自己的姓名、座号、考生号、县区和科类填写在答题卡和试卷规定的位置上。

2. 第I卷每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔在答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需要改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。

3. 第II卷必须用0.5毫米黑色签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应的位置，不能写在试卷上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案然后再写上新的答案；不能使用涂改液、脐带纸、修正带。

不按以上要求作答的答案无效。

第I卷（共105分）第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。

每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。

听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对话仅读一遍。

例：How much is the shirt?A. ￡19.5B. ￡9.15C. ￡9.18答案是B。

1. Where does this conversation probably take place?A. In a bookstore.B. In a classroom.C. In a library.2. At what time will the film begin?A. 7:20B. 7:15C. 7:003. what are the two speakers mainly talking aobut?A. Their friend JaneB. A weekend trip.C. A radio programme.4. What will the woman probably do?A. Catch a train.B. See the man off Go shopping.5. why did the woman apologize?A. She made a late deliveryB. She went to thewrong place C. She couldn’t take the cake back第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。

2012高考英语真题及答案（全国卷）word版第二部分英语知识运用（共两节.满分45分）第一节单项填空（共15小题：每小题1分，满分15分）从A、B、c、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

例：We _______ last night ,but we went to the concert instead.A. must have studiedB. might studyC. should have studiedD. would study答案是：C21. -Which one of these do you want?- _______ Either will do.A. I don't mindB. I'm sureC. No problemD. Go ahead22. Sarah looked at _______ finished painting with _______ satisfaction.A.不填；aB. a；theC. the；不填D. the；a23. "Life is like walking in the snow", Granny used to say, "because every step _______.”A. has shownB. is showingC. showsD. showed24. It is by no means clear _______ the president can do to end the strike.A. howB. whichC. thatD. what25. I don't believe we've met before, _______ I must say you do look familiar.A. thereforeB. althoughC. sinceD. unless26. The result is not very important to us, but if we do win, then so much_______.A. the bestB. bestC. betterD. the better27. Mary is really good at taking notes in class. She can _______ almost every word her teacher says.A. put outB. put downC. put awayD. put together28. The party will be held in the garden, weather _______.A. permittingB. to permitC. permittedD. permit29. This restaurant wasn't _______ that other restaurant we went to.A. half as good asB. as half good asC. as good as halfD. flood as half as30. I _______ use a clock to wake me up because at six o'clock each morning the train comes by my house.A. couldn'tB. mustn'tC. shouldn'tD. needn't31. Larry asks Bill and Peter to go on a picnic with him, but _______ of them wants to, because they have work to do.A. eitherB. anyC. neitherD. none32. Film has a much shorter history, especially when _______ such art forms as music and painting.A. having compared toB. comparing toC. compare toD. compared to33. I had been working on math for the whole afternoon and the numbers_______ before my eyes.A. swimB. swumC. swamD. had swum34. You have to move out of the way _______ the truck cannot get past you.A. soB. orC. andD. but35. If she doesn't want to go, nothing you can say will _______ her.A. persuadeB. promiseC. inviteD. support第二节完形填空（共20小：每小1.5分.满分30分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项小涂黑。